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cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E9%98%BF%E5%BA%95%E5%B3%BD" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E9%98%BF%E5%BA%95%E5%B3%BD" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-生平" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生平"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>生平</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-生平-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-思想及影響" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#思想及影響"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>思想及影響</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-思想及影響-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-著作" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#著作"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>著作</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-著作-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考資料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考資料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>參考資料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考資料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-脚注" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#脚注"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>脚注</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-脚注-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>參见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-相關條目" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#相關條目"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>相關條目</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-相關條目-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="目录" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">阿底峽</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。34种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-34" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">34种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%A8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Атиша Дипанкара Шриджняна – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Атиша Дипанкара Шриджняна" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0" title="অতীশ দীপঙ্কর – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অতীশ দীপঙ্কর" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%87%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%97%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8D" title="ཇོ་བོ་རྗོ། – 藏语" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཇོ་བོ་རྗོ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="藏语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atisha" title="Atisha – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Atisha" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/At%C3%AD%C5%A1a" title="Atíša – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Atíša" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atisha" title="Atisha – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Atisha" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ati%C5%9Ba" title="Atiśa – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Atiśa" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atisha" title="Atisha – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Atisha" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/At%C4%AB%C5%A1a" title="Atīša – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Atīša" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%B4%D8%A7" title="آتیشا – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آتیشا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atisha" title="Atisha – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Atisha" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atisha" title="Atisha – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Atisha" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B6_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0" title="अतीश दीपंकर – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अतीश दीपंकर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/At%C3%ADsa" title="Atísa – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Atísa" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%B7%D5%A1" title="Ատիշա – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ատիշա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atisha" title="Atisha – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Atisha" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ati%C5%9Ba" title="Atiśa – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Atiśa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A3" title="アティーシャ – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アティーシャ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B6_%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B0" title="ಅತೀಶ ದೀಪಂಕರ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅತೀಶ ದೀಪಂಕರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ati%C5%A1a" title="Atiša – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Atiša" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B7" title="അറ്റിഷ – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അറ്റിഷ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atisha" title="Atisha – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Atisha" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atisha" title="Atisha – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Atisha" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ati%C5%9Ba" title="Atiśa – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Atiśa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atisha" title="Atisha – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Atisha" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Атиша – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Атиша" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ati%C5%A1a" title="Atiša – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Atiša" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/At%C3%AD%C5%A1a" title="Atíša – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Atíša" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ati%C5%A1a" title="Atiša – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Atiša" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ati%C5%9Ba" title="Atiśa – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Atiśa" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="அதிசர் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அதிசர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE" title="అతిశా – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అతిశా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D1%96%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Атіша – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Атіша" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/A-%C4%91%E1%BB%81-sa" title="A-đề-sa – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="A-đề-sa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q320150#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" 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.sidebar-heading,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-above,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-below{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar a:not(.new):not(.mw-selflink):link{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83933911">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="color:black; background:#F5DEB3; border:6px solid #2523D7; width:200px;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="color:#B00760;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A3%E7%83%82%E9%99%80%E5%AF%BA" title="那烂陀寺"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#B00760">印度那爛陀寺時代<br />的佛教哲學</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nalanda_University_India_ruins.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Nalanda_University_India_ruins.jpg/140px-Nalanda_University_India_ruins.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Nalanda_University_India_ruins.jpg/210px-Nalanda_University_India_ruins.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Nalanda_University_India_ruins.jpg/280px-Nalanda_University_India_ruins.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color:#91FF92; background:#2523D7;">地點</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A3%E7%83%82%E9%99%80%E5%AF%BA" title="那烂陀寺">那爛陀寺</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E6%88%92%E5%AF%BA" title="超戒寺">超戒寺</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color:#91FF92; background:#2523D7;">派別</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%A7%80%E5%AD%B8%E6%B4%BE" title="中觀學派">中觀派</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9C%E4%BC%BD%E8%A1%8C%E5%94%AF%E8%AD%98%E5%AD%B8%E6%B4%BE" title="瑜伽行唯識學派">唯識派</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color:#91FF92; background:#2523D7;">人物</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">【<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E5%8B%9D%E5%85%AD%E8%8E%8A%E5%9A%B4" title="二勝六莊嚴">二勝六莊嚴</a>】─<br /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%8D%E6%A8%B9" title="龍樹">龍樹</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E5%A9%86_(%E4%BA%BA%E5%90%8D)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="提婆 (人名)">圣天</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E8%91%97" title="无著">无著</a>、<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E4%BA%B2" title="世亲">世亲</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E9%82%A3" title="陳那">陳那</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E7%A7%B0" title="法称">法称</a>、<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8A%E8%BF%A6%E5%85%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="释迦光（页面不存在）">释迦光</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%9F%E5%BE%B7%E5%85%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="功德光（页面不存在）">功德光</a> <br /> 【其他】─<br /> </p> <a href="/wiki/%E5%83%A7%E8%AD%B7_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%A7%80%E6%B4%BE)" title="僧護 (中觀派)">僧護</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E8%AD%B7" title="佛護">佛護</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%A7%B0" title="月称">月称</a>、<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E5%AE%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="月官（页面不存在）">月官</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%82%E8%AD%B7" title="寂護">寂護</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%93%AE%E8%8A%B1%E6%88%92" title="蓮花戒">蓮華戒</a>、<br /><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E9%B3%B4" title="馬鳴">馬鳴</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E8%84%AB%E8%BB%8D" title="解脫軍">解脫軍</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%82%E5%A4%A9" title="寂天">寂天</a>、<br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%AB%E5%AD%90%E8%B3%A2" title="師子賢">師子賢</a>、<a class="mw-selflink selflink">阿底峽</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color:#91FF92; background:#2523D7;">著作</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">【<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E9%83%A8%E5%A4%A7%E8%AB%96" title="五部大論">藏傳佛教五部大論</a>】─<br /> <p>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A5%E4%B8%AD%E8%AB%96" title="入中論">入中論</a>》<br />《<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8B%E9%87%8F%E8%AB%96" title="釋量論">釋量論</a>》<br />《<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%AF%97%E8%BE%BE%E7%A3%A8%E4%BF%B1%E8%88%8D%E8%AE%BA" title="阿毗达磨俱舍论">俱舍論</a>》<br />《<a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%BE%E8%A7%80%E8%8E%8A%E5%9A%B4%E8%AB%96" title="現觀莊嚴論">現觀莊嚴論</a>》<br />《<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B9%E6%9C%AC%E8%AA%AA%E4%B8%80%E5%88%87%E6%9C%89%E9%83%A8%E5%BE%8B#相關著作" title="根本說一切有部律">律經</a>》 </p><p>【其他】─<br /> </p> 《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%AE%BA" title="中论">中觀根本論</a>》<br />《<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9C%E4%BC%BD%E5%B8%AB%E5%9C%B0%E8%AB%96" title="瑜伽師地論">瑜伽師地論</a>》<br />《<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A5%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9%E8%A1%8C%E8%AB%96" title="入菩薩行論">入菩薩行論</a>》<br />《<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E6%8F%90%E9%81%93%E7%87%88%E8%AB%96" title="菩提道燈論">菩提道燈論</a>》</div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output 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class="tmp-color" style="color:#B00760">藏传佛教</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Faith_Buddhism_Vajra.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="金刚"><img alt="金刚" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Faith_Buddhism_Vajra.svg/150px-Faith_Buddhism_Vajra.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Faith_Buddhism_Vajra.svg/225px-Faith_Buddhism_Vajra.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Faith_Buddhism_Vajra.svg/300px-Faith_Buddhism_Vajra.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>金刚</figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color:#F5DEB3; background:#B00760;">教派</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E7%8E%9B%E6%B4%BE" title="宁玛派">宁玛派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%99%B6%E8%88%89%E6%B4%BE" title="噶舉派">噶舉派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E8%BF%A6%E6%B4%BE" title="萨迦派">萨迦派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E9%B2%81%E6%B4%BE" title="格鲁派">格鲁派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%99%B6%E5%BD%93%E6%B4%BE" title="噶当派">噶当派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%89%E5%9B%8A%E6%B4%BE" title="觉囊派">觉囊派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%AF%E6%95%99" title="苯教">雍仲本教</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color:#F5DEB3; background:#B00760;">主要人物</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8A%E8%BF%A6%E7%89%9F%E5%B0%BC" title="释迦牟尼">释迦牟尼佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%8D%E6%A8%B9" title="龍樹">龙树菩萨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%BE%E8%B5%9E%E5%B9%B2%E5%B8%83" title="松赞干布">松赞干布</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%93%AE%E8%8A%B1%E7%94%9F" title="蓮花生">蓮花生</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E5%9E%A2%E5%8F%8B" title="无垢友">无垢友</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%82%E8%AD%B7" title="寂護">寂護</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">阿底峽</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E7%88%BE%E5%B7%B4" title="馬爾巴">馬爾巴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E6%80%9D%E5%B7%B4" title="八思巴">八思巴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E5%96%80%E5%B7%B4" title="宗喀巴">宗喀巴</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color:#F5DEB3; background:#B00760;">称谓</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%81%E6%B3%A2%E5%88%87" title="仁波切">仁波切</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%87%E5%98%9B" title="喇嘛">喇嘛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%96%E5%8F%A4" title="祖古">活佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%AD%E6%99%BA%E9%81%94" title="班智達">班智達</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A0%AA%E5%B8%83" title="堪布">堪布</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E8%A5%BF" title="格西">格西</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E5%9C%96%E5%85%8B%E5%9C%96" title="呼圖克圖">呼圖克圖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AC%E4%B8%96%E7%81%B5%E7%AB%A5" title="转世灵童">转世灵童</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color:#F5DEB3; background:#B00760;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%96%E5%8F%A4" title="祖古"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#F5DEB3">活佛系统</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E8%B5%96%E5%96%87%E5%98%9B" title="达赖喇嘛">达赖喇嘛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%AD%E7%A6%85%E9%A2%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%BC" title="班禅额尔德尼">班禅额尔德尼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%A0%E5%98%89%E5%91%BC%E5%9B%BE%E5%85%8B%E5%9B%BE" title="章嘉呼图克图">章嘉呼图克图</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%B8%83%E5%B0%8A%E4%B8%B9%E5%B7%B4%E5%91%BC%E5%9B%BE%E5%85%8B%E5%9B%BE" title="哲布尊丹巴呼图克图">哲布尊丹巴呼图克图</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E6%8C%AF%E6%B4%BB%E4%BD%9B" title="熱振活佛">熱振活佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AD%96%E5%A2%A8%E6%9E%97%E6%B4%BB%E4%BD%9B" title="策墨林活佛">策墨林活佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E6%9C%A8%E6%B4%BB%E4%BD%9B" title="德木活佛">德木活佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E5%AF%9F%E6%B4%BB%E4%BD%9B" title="达察活佛">达察活佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%99%B6%E7%8E%9B%E5%B7%B4" title="噶玛巴">噶玛巴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E7%91%AA%E5%B7%B4" title="夏瑪巴">夏瑪巴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%97%8F%E4%BC%A0%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E6%B4%BB%E4%BD%9B" title="Template:藏传佛教活佛"><b>更多</b></a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color:#F5DEB3; background:#B00760;">主要寺庙</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%87%E5%98%9B%E5%AF%BA" title="喇嘛寺">喇嘛寺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%98%AD%E5%AF%BA" title="大昭寺">大昭寺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E6%98%AD%E5%AF%BA" title="小昭寺">小昭寺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E4%B8%B9%E5%AF%BA" title="甘丹寺">甘丹寺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E8%9A%8C%E5%AF%BA" title="哲蚌寺">哲蚌寺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E6%8B%89%E5%AF%BA" title="色拉寺">色拉寺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8E%E4%BB%80%E4%BC%A6%E5%B8%83%E5%AF%BA" title="扎什伦布寺">扎什伦布寺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%94%E5%AF%BA" title="塔尔寺">塔尔寺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%8D%9C%E6%A5%9E%E5%AF%BA" title="拉卜楞寺">拉卜楞寺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8C%E7%8F%A0%E5%AF%BA" title="昌珠寺">昌珠寺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%BE%E8%B5%9E%E6%9E%97%E5%AF%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="松赞林寺">松赞林寺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%8F%E7%8F%A0%E6%9E%97%E5%AF%BA" title="敏珠林寺">敏珠林寺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9A%E5%B8%83%E5%AF%BA" title="楚布寺">楚布寺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%97%8F%E5%AF%BA" title="大藏寺">大藏寺</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E4%BC%A0%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%AF%BA%E5%BA%99%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="藏传佛教寺庙列表">更多</a></b></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color:#F5DEB3; background:#B00760;">主要节日</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E5%8E%86%E6%96%B0%E5%B9%B4" title="藏历新年">新年</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%98%E6%9C%97%E6%9C%A8%E7%A5%88%E6%84%BF%E5%A4%A7%E6%B3%95%E4%BC%9A" title="默朗木祈愿大法会">传大召</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%98%E6%9C%97%E6%9C%A8%E5%B0%8F%E4%BC%9A" title="默朗木小会">传小召</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%AA%E9%A1%BF%E8%8A%82" title="雪顿节">雪顿节</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E8%AA%95" title="佛誕">佛誕</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%85%A8%E6%A1%91" title="煨桑">煨桑节</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E6%97%8F%E8%8A%82%E6%97%A5" title="藏族节日">更多</a></b></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color:#F5DEB3; background:#B00760;">文化</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E6%9B%86" title="藏曆">藏曆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8" title="藏醫學">藏医</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E8%91%AC" title="天葬">天葬</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8F%A0" title="天珠">天珠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E5%8D%A1" title="唐卡">唐卡</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dharma_Wheel.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Dharma_Wheel.gif/20px-Dharma_Wheel.gif" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Dharma_Wheel.gif/30px-Dharma_Wheel.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Dharma_Wheel.gif/40px-Dharma_Wheel.gif 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="佛教大綱" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Outline of Buddhism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%A4%A7%E7%B6%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛教大綱（页面不存在）">佛教大綱</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_Buddhism" class="extiw" title="en:Outline of Buddhism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Outline of Buddhism</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="Portal:佛教">佛教主题</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tibetian_Wheel.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Tibetian_Wheel.gif/20px-Tibetian_Wheel.gif" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Tibetian_Wheel.gif/30px-Tibetian_Wheel.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Tibetian_Wheel.gif/40px-Tibetian_Wheel.gif 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a></span></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%97%8F%E4%BC%A0%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="Template:藏传佛教"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E8%97%8F%E4%BC%A0%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:藏传佛教（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E8%97%8F%E4%BC%A0%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:藏传佛教"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>阿底峽</b>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%B5%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="梵語">梵語</a>：<span lang="sa">अतिश</span>，<span lang="sa-Latn" title="國際梵語轉寫字母" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">Atiśa</span>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="孟加拉語">孟加拉語</a>：<span lang="bn">অতীশ</span>，<i>Ôtish</i>，<a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E8%AA%9E" title="藏語">藏語</a>：<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r64579233">.mw-parser-output .uchen{font-family:"Qomolangma-Dunhuang","Qomolangma-Uchen Sarchen","Qomolangma-Uchen Sarchung","Qomolangma-Uchen Suring","Qomolangma-Uchen Sutung","Qomolangma-Title","Qomolangma-Subtitle","Qomolangma-Woodblock","BabelStone Tibetan Slim",Jomolhari,"Yagpo Tibetan Uni","DDC Uchen","DDC Rinzin",Kailash,"TCRC Youtso Unicode","Tibetan Machine Uni",Wangdi29,"Noto Serif Tibetan","Noto Sans Tibetan","Microsoft Himalaya"}.mw-parser-output .ume{font-family:"Qomolangma-Betsu","Qomolangma-Chuyig","Qomolangma-Drutsa","Qomolangma-Edict","Qomolangma-Tsumachu","Qomolangma-Tsuring","Qomolangma-Tsutong","TibetanSambhotaYigchung","TibetanTsugRing","TibetanYigchung"}</style><span lang="bo" class="uchen" style="font-size:1.25em; word-wrap:break-word;">ཨ་ཏི་ཤ་</span>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%88%A9%E8%BD%AC%E5%86%99" title="威利转写">威利转写</a>：<span class="Unicode">a ti sha</span>，982年—1054年），又譯為<b>阿提沙</b>、<b>阿帝夏</b>，原名<b>月藏</b>，法號<b>燃燈吉祥智</b>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%B5%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="梵語">梵語</a>：<span lang="sa">दीपंकर श्रीज्ञान</span>，<span lang="sa-Latn" title="國際梵語轉寫字母" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">Dīpaṃkara Śrījñāna</span>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="孟加拉語">孟加拉語</a>：<span lang="bn">দীপঙ্কর শ্রীজ্ঞান</span>， <i>Dipôngkor Srigên</i>，<a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E8%AA%9E" title="藏語">藏語</a>：<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r64579233"><span lang="bo" class="uchen" style="font-size:1.25em; word-wrap:break-word;">ཇོ་བོ་རྗེ་དཔལ་ལྡན་ཨ་ཏི་ཤ་</span>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%88%A9%E8%BD%AC%E5%86%99" title="威利转写">威利转写</a>：<span class="Unicode">jo bo rje dpal ldan a ti sha</span>），尊稱為<b>阿底峽尊者</b>，生於東<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89" class="mw-redirect" title="孟加拉">孟加拉</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B6%85%E8%B6%8A%E5%9F%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="超越城（页面不存在）">超越城</a>中，他重新建立了<a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E5%82%B3%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="藏傳佛教">藏傳佛教</a>僧團开创<a href="/wiki/%E5%99%B6%E5%BD%93%E6%B4%BE" title="噶当派">噶当派</a>，重申戒律，並重新闡明了佛教根本教義，是對<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="西藏">西藏</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8E%E5%BC%98%E6%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="后弘期">後弘期</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">佛教</a>貢獻最大的印度高僧。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="生平"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E5.B9.B3"></span>生平</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%BA%95%E5%B3%BD&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：生平"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Atisha.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Atisha.jpg/220px-Atisha.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="304" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Atisha.jpg/330px-Atisha.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Atisha.jpg/440px-Atisha.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2694" data-file-height="3722" /></a><figcaption>阿底峽</figcaption></figure> <p>公元982年，阿底峽出生于印度孟加拉南部王族，是迦爾耶那師利國王的第二子，幼名月藏。父親名為善勝吉祥，母親名為吉祥勝光。十一歲時，阿底峽前往中印度<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A3%E7%88%9B%E9%99%80%E5%AF%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="那爛陀寺">那爛陀寺</a>親近<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8F%A9%E6%8F%90%E8%B3%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="菩提賢（页面不存在）">菩提賢</a>論師，後跟隨<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E4%BC%90%E9%83%BD%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿伐都帝（页面不存在）">阿伐都帝</a>，居住在金剛座，學習出離心及《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%A7%82%E8%AE%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="中观论">中觀論</a>》。 </p><p>十八歲時，至<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E6%88%92%E5%AF%BA" title="超戒寺">超戒寺</a>，向北門守護者<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A3%E6%B4%9B%E5%B7%B4" title="那洛巴">那洛巴</a>學習密法。二十九歲，依<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%9C%BE%E9%83%A8" title="大眾部">大眾部</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA%E5%87%BA%E4%B8%96%E9%83%A8" title="說出世部">說出世部</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%92%E8%AD%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="戒護（页面不存在）">戒護</a>上座處出家，學習戒律及<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%A0%E6%98%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="因明">因明</a>。法名吉祥然燈智，阿底峽意為「殊勝」，阿里藏王對其尊稱。又至<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9B%E8%A1%8C%E5%AF%BA" title="飛行寺">飛行寺</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%95%E9%8E%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="法鎧（页面不存在）">法鎧</a>論師座前，聽受《毘婆沙藏》。 </p><p>三十一歲，至<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E9%96%80%E7%AD%94%E8%87%98" title="蘇門答臘">蘇門答臘</a>師從<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%B4%B2%E6%B3%95%E7%A8%B1" title="金洲法稱">金洲法稱</a>，學習《<a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%BE%E8%A7%80%E8%8E%8A%E5%9A%B4%E8%AB%96" title="現觀莊嚴論">現觀莊嚴論</a>》，以及<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%82%E5%A4%A9" title="寂天">寂天</a>論師所著《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%B8%E8%99%95%E9%9B%86%E8%A6%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="學處集要（页面不存在）">學處集要</a>》、《<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A5%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9%E8%A1%8C%E8%AB%96" title="入菩薩行論">入菩薩行論</a>》等經典。在島上居住了十二年，在這期間，他還曾至<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%AA%E5%93%87%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="爪哇島">爪哇島</a>，向一位乞食<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9C%E4%BC%BD%E5%A3%AB" title="瑜伽士">瑜伽士</a>求取加持<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%8C%E9%A0%82" title="灌頂">灌頂</a>及密法教授。 </p><p>四十四歲（1025年），返回印度超戒寺擔任住持，成為印度相當知名的大學者。 </p><p>五十八歲，受<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%A0%BC%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="古格王朝">古格王朝</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%BA%E5%85%89%E7%8E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="智光王（页面不存在）">智光王</a>（<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%B8%8C%E6%B2%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="意希沃（页面不存在）">意希沃</a>）的請託，決心入藏傳戒以及傳授佛法。開創<a href="/wiki/%E5%99%B6%E5%BD%93%E6%B4%BE" title="噶当派">噶當派</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-八思巴生平与巜彰所知论》对勘硏究_1999_p._2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-八思巴生平与巜彰所知论》对勘硏究_1999_p.-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。其弟子众多，最著名者为<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%AB%E6%95%A6%C2%B7%E5%AE%97%E5%93%B2%E9%9B%8D%E4%BB%B2" title="庫敦·宗哲雍仲">库敦·宗哲雍仲</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%C2%B7%E5%8B%92%E8%B4%9D%E5%96%9C%E9%A5%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="俄·勒贝喜饶">俄·勒贝喜饶</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%B2%E6%95%A6%E5%B7%B4%C2%B7%E7%94%B2%E5%93%87%E8%BF%A5%E4%B9%83" class="mw-redirect" title="仲敦巴·甲哇迥乃">仲敦巴·甲哇迥乃</a>三人，合称为“库、俄、仲”。 </p><p>1054年八月十八日，在<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%B6%E5%A1%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="聶塘（页面不存在）">聶塘</a>入<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%85%E6%A7%83" title="涅槃">涅槃</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-Tucci2012_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tucci2012-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>阿底峽圆寂后，他的骨灰一直供奉在<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%B6%E5%A1%98%E5%AF%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="聶塘寺（页面不存在）">聶塘寺</a>，寺裡至今仍保留著一塊他打坐時使用過的石板。1904年英國《<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%8F%E6%97%A5%E9%83%B5%E5%A0%B1" title="每日郵報">每日邮报</a>》隨軍記者<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="艾德蒙.坎德勒" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Edmund Candler"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%89%BE%E5%BE%B7%E8%92%99.%E5%9D%8E%E5%BE%B7%E5%8B%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="艾德蒙.坎德勒（页面不存在）">艾德蒙.坎德勒</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_Candler" class="extiw" title="en:Edmund Candler"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Edmund Candler</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>記載他對阿底峽墓的印象，說是他在西藏看到唯一乾淨簡單的宗教建築。<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1963年，應<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="孟加拉佛教">孟加拉佛教</a>訪華代表團的請求，<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%81%A9%E4%BE%86" class="mw-redirect" title="周恩來">周恩來</a>同意將阿底峽的部份骨灰運返他的出生地。1978年，他的骨灰被運回獨立后的孟加拉國，并供奉在<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%94%E7%91%AA%E6%8B%89%E5%90%89%E5%8D%A1%E5%AF%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="達瑪拉吉卡寺（页面不存在）">達瑪拉吉卡寺</a>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dharmarajika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dharmarajika（页面不存在）">Dharmarajika</a>)，成為中孟交往歷史的象徵。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="思想及影響"><span id=".E6.80.9D.E6.83.B3.E5.8F.8A.E5.BD.B1.E9.9F.BF"></span>思想及影響</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%BA%95%E5%B3%BD&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：思想及影響"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>阿底峽入藏之前，西藏的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%AF%E5%AE%97" class="mw-disambig" title="顯宗">顯宗</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97" title="密宗">密宗</a>之間關係緊張。他在《<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E6%8F%90%E9%81%93%E7%87%88%E8%AB%96" title="菩提道燈論">菩提道燈论</a>》中將修行者分成下士（人天乘）、中士（小乘）、上士（大乘）三等，各有不同修行方法，但是皆是以戒、定、慧<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%84%A1%E6%BC%8F%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="三無漏學">三無漏學</a>為修行基礎，主張修行密宗之前，需要先以顯宗為前導，並將發起<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E6%8F%90%E5%BF%83" title="菩提心">菩提心</a>作為一切修行的根源。他来到藏地前，很多僧人也使用<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E5%B7%AB%E6%9C%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="黑巫术">黑巫术</a>（因為之前是<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%AF%E6%95%99" title="苯教">苯教</a>信徒）。 </p><p>噶当派以显宗的修习为主，但也不排斥密宗，它对修习次第的主张是先学显宗，后学密宗，强调密宗只能传授给经过考验的少数人。噶当派所传的密法，以属于四部怛特罗中的第三部即<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%91%9C%E4%BC%BD%E9%83%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="瑜伽部（页面不存在）">瑜伽部</a>的《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%9E%E6%91%84%E7%BB%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="真实摄经（页面不存在）">真实摄经</a>》（<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%AF%86" class="mw-redirect" title="东密">东密</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%88%9A%E9%A1%B6%E7%BB%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="金刚顶经">金刚顶经</a>）为主。在阿底峡时期四部怛特罗中的第四部，亦即<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E4%B8%8A%E7%91%9C%E4%BC%BD%E9%83%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="無上瑜伽部">无上瑜伽部</a>的一些内容，经印度传入西藏。阿底峡在世时提倡遵循《真实摄经》修密法。所以噶当派在西藏佛教中享有显密教“纯净”的声誉。公元15世纪兴起的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E9%AD%AF%E6%B4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="格魯派">格魯派</a>（俗稱「黃教」），就是在噶当派教义的基础上发展起来的。 </p><p>阿底峽的教授，以<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%BA%E4%B8%96%E9%96%93" title="出世間">捨棄世俗</a>而修<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E6%8F%90%E5%BF%83" title="菩提心">菩提心</a>為中心，以<a href="/wiki/%E6%85%88%E6%82%B2" title="慈悲">大悲心</a>為本體。 </p><p>阿底峽后来整顿清規，建立噶当派要求所有僧侶都嚴守佛教戒律，不可以修行<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97" title="密宗">密宗</a>為藉口做出违背<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%92%E5%BE%8B" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="戒律">戒律</a>之事，他不允許<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E9%96%80" title="沙門">沙門</a>修練「<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E8%BA%AB%E6%B3%95" title="雙身法">雙身法</a>」。阿底峽本人持<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%9C%BE%E9%83%A8" title="大眾部">大眾部</a>戒律，在入藏之後，因為西藏僧團的戒律以<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%82%E8%AD%B7" title="寂護">寂護</a>所傳的<a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA%E4%B8%80%E5%88%87%E6%9C%89%E9%83%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="說一切有部">說一切有部</a>戒律為主，因此他在西藏並不擔任授戒<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%97%8D%E9%BB%8E" title="阿闍黎">阿闍黎</a>，以免影响西藏僧團原有傳承，但他也講解戒律，但多半是不分教派的共同戒等。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="著作"><span id=".E8.91.97.E4.BD.9C"></span>著作</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%BA%95%E5%B3%BD&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：著作"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>阿底峽尊者著有《<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E6%8F%90%E9%81%93%E7%87%88%E8%AB%96" title="菩提道燈論">菩提道燈論</a>》、《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8F%A9%E6%8F%90%E9%81%93%E7%87%88%E9%9B%A3%E8%99%95%E9%87%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="菩提道燈難處釋（页面不存在）">菩提道燈難處釋</a>》。後<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E5%96%80%E5%B7%B4" title="宗喀巴">宗喀巴</a>以《菩提道燈論》為底本，寫作了《<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E6%8F%90%E9%81%93%E6%AC%A1%E7%AC%AC%E5%BB%A3%E8%AB%96" class="mw-redirect" title="菩提道次第廣論">菩提道次第廣論</a>》，成為藏傳佛教的根本論書之一。後被編入噶當六論之中。其中三士道的<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E6%AC%A1%E7%AC%AC" title="道次第">道次第</a>修學次第深入<a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E5%82%B3%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="藏傳佛教">藏傳佛教</a>各大派。民國時期，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%B0%8A%E6%B3%95%E5%B8%88" class="mw-redirect" title="法尊法师">法尊法師</a>將《菩提道燈論》翻為漢文，後經<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8B%E5%A6%82%E7%9F%B3" title="釋如石">如石法師</a>重校，將之流傳於華人社會。 </p><p>怛特羅部：《現觀分別論》、《獨勇成就法》、《金剛座金剛歌》、《吉祥集密世自在成就法》、《聖觀自在成就法》、《大威德遍照現觀》、《法界見歌》、《定資糧品》、《超世間七支儀軌》、《不動成就法》、《一切如來三摩耶守護成就法》、《攝一切三摩耶論》。<sup id="cite_ref-阿底峡尊者_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-阿底峡尊者-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>般若部：《般若波羅蜜多攝義燈》、《般若心經解》。<sup id="cite_ref-阿底峡尊者_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-阿底峡尊者-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>中觀部：《入二諦論》、《一念優波提舍》、《中觀優波提舍》、《經集攝義》、《菩提道燈論》、《心要略攝》、《菩薩寶鬘論》、《顯示歸依論》、《成大乘道方便略錄》、《經義集優波提舍》、《業分別論》。<sup id="cite_ref-阿底峡尊者_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-阿底峡尊者-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>經疏部：《業障清淨儀軌疏》。<sup id="cite_ref-阿底峡尊者_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-阿底峡尊者-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考資料"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E8.B3.87.E6.96.99"></span>參考資料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%BA%95%E5%B3%BD&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：參考資料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portal plainlist tright" style="margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px"> <ul 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href="/w/index.php?title=Portal:%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Portal:印度（页面不存在）">印度主题</a></span></li> <li style="display:table-row"><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dharma_Wheel.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/28px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/42px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/56px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="Portal:佛教">佛教主题</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li>《<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.books.com.tw/exep/assp.php/jamezku/products/0010013325?utm_source=jamezku&utm_medium=ap-books&utm_content=recommend&utm_campaign=ap-201501">菩提道燈抉微</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190713110739/http://www.books.com.tw/exep/assp.php/jamezku/products/0010013325?utm_source=jamezku&utm_medium=ap-books&utm_content=recommend&utm_campaign=ap-201501">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）》，釋如石著，臺北市，法鼓文化，1997[民86]。9578473230（平裝）。</li> <li>《中孟交往的歷史與傳說》，張憲一著</li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bfnn.org/book/books2/1832.htm">《阿底峽尊者傳》</a>. 報佛恩網. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-11-03</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200926071451/http://www.bfnn.org/book/books2/1832.htm">存档</a>于2020-09-26） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文网页">（中文）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E5%BA%95%E5%B3%BD&rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E9%98%BF%E5%BA%95%E5%B3%BD%E5%B0%8A%E8%80%85%E5%82%B3%E3%80%8B&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E5%A0%B1%E4%BD%9B%E6%81%A9%E7%B6%B2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bfnn.org%2Fbook%2Fbooks2%2F1832.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="脚注"><span id=".E8.84.9A.E6.B3.A8"></span>脚注</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%BA%95%E5%B3%BD&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：脚注"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=OuNKAQAAIAAJ">西藏研究</a>. 《西藏研究》编辑部. 2008: 35 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2021-09-07</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210907034326/https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=OuNKAQAAIAAJ">存档</a>于2021-09-07） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文网页">（中文）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E5%BA%95%E5%B3%BD&rft.btitle=%E8%A5%BF%E8%97%8F%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=35&rft.pub=%E3%80%8A%E8%A5%BF%E8%97%8F%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E3%80%8B+%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%83%A8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com.tw%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOuNKAQAAIAAJ&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|issue=</code>被忽略 (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#parameter_discarded" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-八思巴生平与巜彰所知论》对勘硏究_1999_p.-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-八思巴生平与巜彰所知论》对勘硏究_1999_p._2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=XJVkAAAAIAAJ">八思巴生平与巜彰所知论》对勘硏究</a>. 中囯社会科学博士论文文库. 中囯社会科学出版社. 1999: 18 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2021-09-07</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-7-5004-2415-4" title="Special:网络书源/978-7-5004-2415-4"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-7-5004-2415-4</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210907020536/https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=XJVkAAAAIAAJ">存档</a>于2021-09-07） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文网页">（中文）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E5%BA%95%E5%B3%BD&rft.btitle=%E5%85%AB%E6%80%9D%E5%B7%B4%E7%94%9F%E5%B9%B3%E4%B8%8E%E5%B7%9C%E5%BD%B0%E6%89%80%E7%9F%A5%E8%AE%BA%E3%80%8B%E5%AF%B9%E5%8B%98%E7%A1%8F%E7%A9%B6&rft.date=1999&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-7-5004-2415-4&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%AF%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft.series=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%AF%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%8D%9A%E5%A3%AB%E8%AE%BA%E6%96%87%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com.tw%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXJVkAAAAIAAJ&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tucci2012-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tucci2012_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Tucci. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p-UrBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA22"><span></span><i>Religions Of Tibet</i><span></span></a>. Routledge. 2012-11-12: 22. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-136-17945-7" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-136-17945-7"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-1-136-17945-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E5%BA%95%E5%B3%BD&rft.au=Tucci&rft.btitle=Religions+Of+Tibet&rft.date=2012-11-12&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-136-17945-7&rft.pages=22&rft.pub=Routledge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dp-UrBgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA22&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="英語">（英文）</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Edmund Candler. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/unveilingoflhasa00cand#page/241/mode/1up">Chapter XIII Lhasa and its vanished deity - Atisa's tomb</a>. <span></span><i>The Unveiling of Lhasa</i><span></span> [《拉薩真面目》]. 1905年: 214–243.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E5%BA%95%E5%B3%BD&rft.atitle=Chapter+XIII+Lhasa+and+its+vanished+deity+-+Atisa%27s+tomb&rft.au=Edmund+Candler&rft.btitle=The+Unveiling+of+Lhasa&rft.date=1905&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.pages=214-243&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Funveilingoflhasa00cand%23page%2F241%2Fmode%2F1up&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="英語">（英文）</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-阿底峡尊者-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-阿底峡尊者_5-0"><sup><b>5.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-阿底峡尊者_5-1"><sup><b>5.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-阿底峡尊者_5-2"><sup><b>5.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-阿底峡尊者_5-3"><sup><b>5.3</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.quanxue.cn/CT_FoJia/ZGFoJiaRW/ZGFoJiaRW73.html">七三、阿底峡(９８２—１０５１，一说９８０—１０５２)</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2019-11-25</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200809155658/http://www.quanxue.cn/CT_FoJia/ZGFoJiaRW/ZGFoJiaRW73.html">存档</a>于2020-08-09）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E5%BA%95%E5%B3%BD&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%83%E4%B8%89%E3%80%81%E9%98%BF%E5%BA%95%E5%B3%A1%28%EF%BC%99%EF%BC%98%EF%BC%92%E2%80%94%EF%BC%91%EF%BC%90%EF%BC%95%EF%BC%91%EF%BC%8C%E4%B8%80%E8%AF%B4%EF%BC%99%EF%BC%98%EF%BC%90%E2%80%94%EF%BC%91%EF%BC%90%EF%BC%95%EF%BC%92%29&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.quanxue.cn%2FCT_FoJia%2FZGFoJiaRW%2FZGFoJiaRW73.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參见"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A7.81"></span>參见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%BA%95%E5%B3%BD&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：參见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 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class="mw-redirect" title="后弘期">後弘期</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%99%B6%E5%BD%93%E6%B4%BE" title="噶当派">噶當派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E5%82%B3%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="藏傳佛教">藏傳佛教</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="相關條目"><span id=".E7.9B.B8.E9.97.9C.E6.A2.9D.E7.9B.AE"></span>相關條目</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%BA%95%E5%B3%BD&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：相關條目"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%82%E5%A1%98%E5%8D%93%E7%8E%9B%E6%8B%89%E5%BA%B7" title="聂塘卓玛拉康">聂塘卓玛拉康</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%BA%95%E5%B3%BD&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bfnn.org/book/books2/1832.htm">阿底峽尊者傳 </a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200926071451/https://www.bfnn.org/book/books2/1832.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fjdh.cn/ffzt/fjhy/ahsy2013/03/132510221144.html">聂塘寺—拉萨市—西藏寺院 </a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200809155657/http://www.fjdh.cn/ffzt/fjhy/ahsy2013/03/132510221144.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fo.ifeng.com/tupian/detail_2007_10/17/239802_0.shtml">华人佛教带您佛寺游：拉萨聂塘寺(卓玛拉康)(组图)</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210504195658/https://fo.ifeng.com/tupian/detail_2007_10/17/239802_0.shtml">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beita.org/html/chuanchengcang/shishichuanchengchuan/weidaxin/200811/12-1014.html">至尊怙主具德阿底峡尊者的历史</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190913234132/http://www.beita.org/html/chuanchengcang/shishichuanchengchuan/weidaxin/200811/12-1014.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84261037">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="金剛乘佛教" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible hlist; collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#ffeec2;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97" title="Template:密宗"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97" title="Template talk:密宗"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:密宗"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="金剛乘佛教" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97" title="密宗">金剛乘佛教</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2;">母分類</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%82%B3%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="北傳佛教">北傳佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B9%98%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="大乘佛教">大乘</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97" title="密宗">金剛乘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%BE%E6%95%99" title="显教">顯宗</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97" title="密宗">密宗</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Faith_Buddhism_Vajra.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="金剛"><img alt="金剛" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Faith_Buddhism_Vajra.svg/150px-Faith_Buddhism_Vajra.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Faith_Buddhism_Vajra.svg/225px-Faith_Buddhism_Vajra.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Faith_Buddhism_Vajra.svg/300px-Faith_Buddhism_Vajra.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2;">宗派和地域</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="legend-color" style="background-color:green; color:white;color:white;"> 北 </span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97#漢傳密宗" title="密宗">漢傳密宗</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%9C%E5%AF%86" title="雜密">雜密</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E5%AF%86" title="唐密">唐密</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="legend-color" style="background-color:blue; color:white;color:white;"> 東 </span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="日本佛教">日本密教</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80%E5%AE%97" title="真言宗">東密</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80%E5%AE%97" title="真言宗">古義</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%AF%BA%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80%E5%AE%97" title="東寺真言宗">東寺真言宗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%87%8E%E5%B1%B1%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80%E5%AE%97" title="高野山真言宗">高野山真言宗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80%E5%AE%97%E5%96%84%E9%80%9A%E5%AF%BA%E6%B4%BE" title="真言宗善通寺派">真言宗善通寺派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80%E5%AE%97%E9%86%8D%E9%86%90%E6%B4%BE" title="真言宗醍醐派">真言宗醍醐派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80%E5%AE%97%E5%BE%A1%E5%AE%A4%E6%B4%BE" title="真言宗御室派">真言宗御室派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80%E5%AE%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%A6%BA%E5%AF%BA%E6%B4%BE" title="真言宗大覺寺派">真言宗大覺寺派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80%E5%AE%97%E6%B3%89%E6%B6%8C%E5%AF%BA%E6%B4%BE" title="真言宗泉涌寺派">真言宗泉涌寺派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80%E5%AE%97%E5%B1%B1%E9%9A%8E%E6%B4%BE" title="真言宗山階派">真言宗山階派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E8%B2%B4%E5%B1%B1%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80%E5%AE%97" title="信貴山真言宗">信貴山真言宗</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="真言宗中山寺派" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="真言宗中山寺派"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80%E5%AE%97%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1%E5%AF%BA%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="真言宗中山寺派（页面不存在）">真言宗中山寺派</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80%E5%AE%97%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1%E5%AF%BA%E6%B4%BE" class="extiw" title="ja:真言宗中山寺派"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">真言宗中山寺派</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="真言三宝宗" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="真言三宝宗"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D%E5%AE%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="真言三宝宗（页面不存在）">真言三宝宗</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D%E5%AE%97" class="extiw" title="ja:真言三宝宗"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">真言三宝宗</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="真言宗須磨寺派" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="真言宗須磨寺派"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80%E5%AE%97%E9%A0%88%E7%A3%A8%E5%AF%BA%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="真言宗須磨寺派（页面不存在）">真言宗須磨寺派</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80%E5%AE%97%E9%A0%88%E7%A3%A8%E5%AF%BA%E6%B4%BE" class="extiw" title="ja:真言宗須磨寺派"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">真言宗須磨寺派</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80%E5%AE%97%E6%9D%B1%E5%AF%BA%E6%B4%BE" title="真言宗東寺派">真言宗東寺派</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%BE%A9%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80%E5%AE%97" title="新義真言宗">新義</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80%E5%AE%97%E6%99%BA%E5%B1%B1%E6%B4%BE" title="真言宗智山派">真言宗智山派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80%E5%AE%97%E8%B1%90%E5%B1%B1%E6%B4%BE" title="真言宗豐山派">真言宗豐山派</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="真言宗室生寺派" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="真言宗室生寺派"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80%E5%AE%97%E5%AE%A4%E7%94%9F%E5%AF%BA%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="真言宗室生寺派（页面不存在）">真言宗室生寺派</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80%E5%AE%97%E5%AE%A4%E7%94%9F%E5%AF%BA%E6%B4%BE" class="extiw" title="ja:真言宗室生寺派"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">真言宗室生寺派</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8F%B0%E5%AE%97#日本天台宗" title="天台宗">台密</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80%E5%BE%8B%E5%AE%97" title="真言律宗">真言律宗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E5%B7%9D%E6%B5%81" title="立川流">立川流</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="legend-color" style="background-color:red; color:black;color:white;"> 西 </span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E5%82%B3%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="藏傳佛教">藏传</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E5%82%B3%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97" title="藏傳密宗">密宗</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="藏地佛教史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of Tibetan Buddhism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%97%8F%E5%9C%B0%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="藏地佛教史（页面不存在）">藏地</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Tibetan_Buddhism" class="extiw" title="en:History of Tibetan Buddhism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of Tibetan Buddhism</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E7%8E%9B%E6%B4%BE" title="宁玛派">宁玛派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%99%B6%E8%88%89%E6%B4%BE" title="噶舉派">噶舉派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E8%BF%A6%E6%B4%BE" title="萨迦派">萨迦派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E9%B2%81%E6%B4%BE" title="格鲁派">格鲁派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%99%B6%E5%BD%93%E6%B4%BE" title="噶当派">噶当派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%81%AF%E8%A7%A3%E6%B4%BE" title="息解派">希解派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%89%E5%9B%8A%E6%B4%BE" title="觉囊派">觉囊派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%89%E5%AE%87%E6%B4%BE" title="觉宇派">觉宇派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%AD%E6%89%8E%E6%B4%BE" title="郭扎派">郭扎派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E9%B2%81%E6%B4%BE" title="夏鲁派">夏鲁派</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1%E9%87%91%E9%82%A6#宗教" title="锡金邦">錫金</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1%E9%87%91%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD#国家象征" title="锡金王国">錫金王國</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E4%B8%B9%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="不丹佛教">不丹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%9C%8B%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="蒙古國佛教">蒙古國</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="內蒙古宗教#佛教" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Religion in Inner Mongolia#Buddhism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%A7%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="內蒙古宗教（页面不存在）">中國內蒙古</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Inner_Mongolia#Buddhism" class="extiw" title="en:Religion in Inner Mongolia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Religion in Inner Mongolia#Buddhism</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="俄罗斯佛教">俄羅斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%95%E5%9B%BA%E6%97%8F#宗教" title="裕固族">裕固族區</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="legend-color" style="background-color:yellow; color:black;color:black;"> 南 </span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9A%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="东南亚佛教">東南亞</a>和<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="南亞佛教" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhism in South Asia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9E%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="南亞佛教（页面不存在）">南亞</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_in_South_Asia" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhism in South Asia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhism in South Asia</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>密教 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%BA%A7%E9%83%A8%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="上座部佛教">南傳</a><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="上座部密教" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tantric Theravada"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8A%E5%BA%A7%E9%83%A8%E5%AF%86%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="上座部密教（页面不存在）">上座部密教</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantric_Theravada" class="extiw" title="en:Tantric Theravada"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tantric Theravada</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%87%E5%AF%86" title="滇密">滇密</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%88%A9%E5%83%A7%E6%B4%BE" title="阿利僧派">阿利僧派</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="印度尼西亞密宗" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Indonesian Esoteric Buddhism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印度尼西亞密宗（页面不存在）">印尼</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_Esoteric_Buddhism" class="extiw" title="en:Indonesian Esoteric Buddhism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Indonesian Esoteric Buddhism</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="馬來西亞密宗" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Malaysian Vajrayana"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="馬來西亞密宗（页面不存在）">馬來</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_Vajrayana" class="extiw" title="en:Malaysian Vajrayana"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Malaysian Vajrayana</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="菲律賓密宗" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Philippine Esoteric Buddhism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8F%B2%E5%BE%8B%E8%B3%93%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="菲律賓密宗（页面不存在）">菲律賓</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Esoteric_Buddhism" class="extiw" title="en:Philippine Esoteric Buddhism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Philippine Esoteric Buddhism</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E6%B3%8A%E5%B0%94%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="尼泊尔佛教">尼泊爾</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E7%93%A6%E7%88%BE%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="尼瓦爾佛教">尼瓦爾族區</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2;">歷史和人物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%9B%E7%89%B9%E7%BE%85%E5%AF%86%E6%95%99" title="怛特羅密教">怛特羅密教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%95%99" title="印度教">婆羅門教</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%85%8B%E9%81%94%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="沙克達教">性力派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%9C%E5%AF%86" title="雜密">雜密/事續/事密</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%8E%E8%97%8F%E7%95%8C" title="胎藏界">胎藏界/行續/行密</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%88%9A%E7%95%8C" title="金刚界">金剛界/瑜伽續/瑜伽密</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E4%B8%8A%E7%91%9C%E4%BC%BD%E7%BA%8C" title="無上瑜伽續">無上瑜伽續</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%90%E5%B0%B1%E8%80%85" title="大成就者">八十四大成就者</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%B8%88" title="上师">上师</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%97%8D%E9%BB%8E" title="阿闍黎">阿闍黎</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%9C" title="阿姜">阿姜</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E5%90%89%E6%8B%89%E6%9F%A5%E7%88%BE%E4%BA%9E" title="瓦吉拉查爾亞">瓦吉拉查爾亞</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="霎哈嘉" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sahaja"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9C%8E%E5%93%88%E5%98%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="霎哈嘉（页面不存在）">霎哈嘉</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahaja" class="extiw" title="en:Sahaja"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sahaja</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%89%9B%E8%96%A9%E5%9F%B5" title="金剛薩埵">金剛薩埵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%8D%E6%A8%B9" title="龍樹">龍樹</a></li> <li>漢傳密宗 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E5%85%83%E4%B8%89%E5%A4%A7%E5%A3%AB" title="开元三大士">开元三大士</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%84%E7%84%A1%E7%95%8F" title="善無畏">善無畏</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%89%9B%E6%99%BA" title="金剛智">金剛智</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E7%A9%BA" title="不空">不空</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E8%A1%8C" title="一行">僧一行</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%A4%A9" title="法天">法天</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%81%AF%E7%81%BE" title="天息灾">天息灾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%BD%E8%AD%B7" title="施護">施護</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%AD%A6%E7%81%AD%E4%BD%9B" title="三武灭佛">三武一宗法難</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%82%B3%E7%8D%A8%E9%83%A8%E5%AF%86%E6%B3%95" title="漢傳獨部密法">漢傳獨部密法</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%A0%E6%9E%9C" title="惠果">惠果</a></li> <li>東密<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E6%B5%B7" title="空海">空海</a></li> <li>台密<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%80%E6%BE%84" title="最澄">最澄</a></li> <li>台密<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%86%E4%BB%81" title="圆仁">圆仁</a></li> <li>真言律宗<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="叡尊" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="叡尊"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A1%E5%B0%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="叡尊（页面不存在）">叡尊</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%A1%E5%B0%8A" class="extiw" title="ja:叡尊"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">叡尊</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8A%E6%8C%81%E6%9D%BE" title="释持松">持松</a></li></ul></li> <li>藏傳密宗 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%93%AE%E8%8A%B1%E7%94%9F" title="蓮花生">蓮花生</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E5%9E%A2%E5%8F%8B" title="无垢友">无垢友</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%82%E8%AD%B7" title="寂護">寂護</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E8%90%A8%E6%B3%95%E8%AF%A4" title="拉萨法诤">拉薩漸頓法諍</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%93%AE%E8%8A%B1%E6%88%92" title="蓮花戒">蓮花戒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A0%AA%E5%B8%83%E6%91%A9%E8%AF%83%E8%A1%8D" title="堪布摩诃衍">堪布摩訶衍</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%97%E8%BE%BE%E7%8E%9B" title="朗达玛">朗达玛</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%97%E9%81%94%E7%91%AA%E6%BB%85%E4%BD%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="朗達瑪滅佛（页面不存在）">滅佛</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E9%9B%A3" title="法難">法難</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%81%E6%AC%BD%E6%A1%91%E5%B8%83" title="仁欽桑布">仁欽桑布</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">阿底峽</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E7%88%BE%E5%B7%B4" title="馬爾巴">馬爾巴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E6%80%9D%E5%B7%B4" title="八思巴">八思巴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E5%96%80%E5%B7%B4" title="宗喀巴">宗喀巴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%88%E6%9B%B9%C2%B7%E9%81%94%E7%91%AA%E4%BB%81%E6%AC%BD" title="賈曹·達瑪仁欽">贾曹杰</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96%E7%8F%AD%E7%A6%AA%E9%A1%8D%E7%88%BE%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%BC" title="第一世班禪額爾德尼">克主杰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%96%E5%8F%A4" title="祖古">靈童轉世</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E7%93%B6%E6%8E%A3%E7%B1%A4" title="金瓶掣籤">金瓶掣籤</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E8%B5%96%E5%96%87%E5%98%9B" title="达赖喇嘛">达赖喇嘛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%AD%E7%A6%85%E9%A2%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%BC" title="班禅额尔德尼">班禅额尔德尼</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2;">聖者和神祇</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E9%99%80" class="mw-redirect" title="佛陀">佛陀</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%97%E5%8D%A2%E9%81%AE%E9%82%A3%E4%BD%9B" title="毗卢遮那佛">毗卢遮那佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E8%B3%A2%E7%8E%8B%E5%A6%82%E4%BE%86" title="普賢王如來">普賢王如來</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E8%B3%A2%E7%8E%8B%E4%BD%9B%E6%AF%8D" title="普賢王佛母">普賢王佛母</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E6%9D%B0%E7%BE%8C%E4%BD%9B" title="多杰羌佛">多杰羌佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%96%B9%E4%BD%9B" title="五方佛">五方佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E8%A1%A3%E8%A7%80%E9%9F%B3" title="白衣觀音">白衣佛母</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E7%BE%85%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9" title="多羅菩薩">事業佛母</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%89%9B%E9%83%A8%E6%AF%8D" title="金剛部母">金剛佛母</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E7%9C%BC%E4%BD%9B%E6%AF%8D" title="佛眼佛母">佛眼佛母</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8A%E5%8B%9D%E4%BD%9B%E9%A0%82" title="尊勝佛頂">尊勝佛母</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="菩薩">菩薩</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%80%E4%B8%96%E9%9F%B3%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9" title="觀世音菩薩">觀世音菩薩</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E8%A1%A3%E8%A7%80%E9%9F%B3" title="白衣觀音">白衣觀音</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E7%BE%85%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9" title="多羅菩薩">多羅菩薩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%89%E8%A1%A3%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9" title="葉衣菩薩">葉衣菩薩</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%86%E6%8F%90%E8%8F%A9%E8%90%A8" title="准提菩萨">准提菩萨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E6%AE%8A%E8%8F%A9%E8%90%A8" title="文殊菩萨">文殊菩萨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E8%B3%A2%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="普賢菩薩">普賢菩薩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%89%9B%E6%89%8B%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9" title="金剛手菩薩">金剛手菩薩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%89%9B%E8%96%A9%E5%9F%B5" title="金剛薩埵">金剛藏王菩薩</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E7%8E%8B" title="明王">明王</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E9%A6%96%E9%87%91%E5%88%9A" title="火首金刚">烏蒭沙摩明王</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%A8%81%E5%BE%B7%E6%98%8E%E7%8E%8B" title="大威德明王">大威德明王</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%8A%A8%E6%98%8E%E7%8E%8B" title="不动明王">不动明王</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9B%E8%8D%BC%E5%88%A9%E6%98%8E%E7%8E%8B" title="军荼利明王">军荼利明王</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%8D%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96%E6%98%8E%E7%8E%8B" title="降三世明王">降三世明王</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%A2%E8%B7%A1%E9%87%91%E5%89%9B" title="穢跡金剛">穢跡金剛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E9%9B%86%E9%87%91%E5%88%9A" title="密集金刚">密集金刚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E8%B7%A1%E9%87%91%E5%89%9B" title="密跡金剛">密跡金剛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E9%A0%AD%E6%98%8E%E7%8E%8B" title="馬頭明王">馬頭明王</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%94%E9%9B%80%E6%98%8E%E7%8E%8B" title="孔雀明王">孔雀明王</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%9D%E6%A8%82%E9%87%91%E5%89%9B" title="勝樂金剛">勝樂金剛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%89%9B%E4%BA%A5%E6%AF%8D" title="金剛亥母">金剛亥母</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E5%B7%B4%E9%87%91%E5%89%9B" title="普巴金剛">普巴金剛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E5%A4%A7%E6%98%8E%E7%8E%8B" title="五大明王">五大明王</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E7%8E%8B#八大明王" title="明王">八大明王</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E7%8E%8B#十大明王" title="明王">十大明王</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%83%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="天部">天部</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%A4%A9" title="十二天">十二天</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E8%AF%B8%E5%A4%A9" title="二十诸天">二十诸天</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E5%B0%8A" title="本尊">本尊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%A6%83" title="明妃">明妃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E6%AD%A6%E7%99%BE%E5%B0%8A" title="文武百尊">文武百尊</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%BF%E6%80%92%E5%B0%8A" title="忿怒尊">忿怒尊</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%82%E9%9D%9C%E5%B0%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="寂靜尊（页面不存在）">寂靜尊</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2;">重要教義</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97" title="密宗">三密相應</a></li> <li>口密 <ul><li>真言咒 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E6%80%9B%E7%BE%85" title="曼怛羅">曼怛羅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%80%E7%BE%85%E5%B0%BC" title="陀羅尼">陀羅尼</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>身密 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%84%88%E8%BC%AA" title="脈輪">氣脈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E9%BB%9E_(%E7%AC%A6%E8%99%9F)" title="明點 (符號)">明點</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%84%88_(%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8)" title="脈 (印度醫學)">中脉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%84%88%E8%BC%AA" title="脈輪">脈輪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%86%E9%81%94%E9%87%8C%E5%B0%BC" title="昆達里尼">拙火</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9C%E4%BC%BD" title="瑜伽">瑜伽</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%91%9C%E4%BC%BD" title="天瑜伽">天瑜伽</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A2%E7%91%9C%E4%BC%BD" title="夢瑜伽">夢瑜伽</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E5%8D%B0" title="手印">手印</a></li></ul></li> <li>意密 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%8A%A0%E8%A1%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="四加行">四加行</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="前行" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ngöndro"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%89%8D%E8%A1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="前行（页面不存在）">前行</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C3%B6ndro" class="extiw" title="en:Ngöndro"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ngöndro</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%85%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛慢（页面不存在）">佛慢</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%A5%E6%88%91%E6%88%91%E5%85%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="入我我入（页面不存在）">入我我入</a> <ul><li><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E5%AD%A6%E5%A4%A7%E8%BE%9E%E5%85%B8/%E5%85%A5%E6%88%91%E6%88%91%E5%85%A5" class="extiw" title="s:佛学大辞典/入我我入">入我我入觀</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%9C%86%E6%BB%A1" title="大圆满">大圆满</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A3%E6%B4%9B%E5%85%AD%E6%B3%95" title="那洛六法">那洛六法</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%89%8B%E5%8D%B0" title="大手印">大手印</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%99%B9%E5%85%89%E8%BA%AB" title="虹光身">虹光化身</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B3%E8%BA%AB%E6%88%90%E4%BD%9B" title="即身成佛">即身成佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%9C%89" title="中有">中陰身</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%B6%E8%BD%AE" title="时轮">时轮</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E8%B5%B7%E6%AC%A1%E7%AC%AC" title="生起次第">生起次第</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E6%AC%A1%E7%AC%AC" title="道次第">道次第</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E6%80%A7%E6%9C%AC%E6%B7%A8" title="心性本淨">心性本淨</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="密技 (密宗)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tantra techniques (Vajrayana)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%86%E6%8A%80_(%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="密技 (密宗)（页面不存在）">密技</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantra_techniques_(Vajrayana)" class="extiw" title="en:Tantra techniques (Vajrayana)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tantra techniques (Vajrayana)</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%97%E7%93%A6" title="頗瓦">破瓦法</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A1%E5%96%9C%E4%BD%9B" title="歡喜佛">男女雙修</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A1%E5%96%9C%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="歡喜法">歡喜法</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8B%E6%A5%AD%E6%89%8B%E5%8D%B0" title="事業手印">事業手印</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E8%8D%BC%E7%BE%85" title="曼荼羅">壇城曼荼羅</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="瑜伽行中观派" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="瑜伽行中観派"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%91%9C%E4%BC%BD%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%AD%E8%A7%82%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="瑜伽行中观派（页面不存在）">瑜伽行中观派</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%91%9C%E4%BC%BD%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%AD%E8%A6%B3%E6%B4%BE" class="extiw" title="ja:瑜伽行中観派"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">瑜伽行中観派</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%A7%80%E6%87%89%E6%88%90%E6%B4%BE" title="中觀應成派">中觀應成派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%82%E4%BE%86%E8%97%8F%E5%AD%B8%E6%B4%BE" title="如來藏學派">如來藏學派</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%9D%E4%B9%98%E5%88%A4%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="九乘判教（页面不存在）">九乘判教</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A4%E6%95%99#藏传佛教九乘判教" class="mw-redirect" title="判教">判教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E5%AF%86" title="外密">外密</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A7%E5%AF%86%E4%B8%89%E4%B9%98" title="內密三乘">內密</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%88%E4%BE%9D#四皈依" title="皈依">四皈依</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="三昧耶戒" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="三昧耶戒"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%89%E6%98%A7%E8%80%B6%E6%88%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="三昧耶戒（页面不存在）">三昧耶戒</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%98%A7%E8%80%B6%E6%88%92" class="extiw" title="ja:三昧耶戒"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">三昧耶戒</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E5%AF%86#汉传密教三昧耶戒" title="唐密">汉传三昧耶戒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E5%82%B3%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97#藏密三昧耶戒" title="藏傳密宗">藏传三昧耶戒</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2;">經咒和儀軌</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%97%A5%E7%B6%93" title="大日經">大日經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%89%9B%E9%A0%82%E7%B6%93" title="金剛頂經">金剛頂經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%82%89%E5%9C%B0%E7%BE%AF%E7%BE%85%E7%B6%93" title="蘇悉地羯羅經">蘇悉地經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%86%E8%B6%A3%E7%B6%93" title="理趣經">理趣經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E5%A6%99%E5%90%89%E7%A5%A5%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%A6%E5%90%8D%E7%B6%93" title="聖妙吉祥真實名經">聖妙吉祥真實名經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E7%BA%8C" title="密續">密續</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8F%E8%97%8F" title="伏藏">伏藏</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E5%8B%9D%E5%85%AD%E8%8E%8A%E5%9A%B4" title="二勝六莊嚴">二勝六莊嚴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E6%8F%90%E9%81%93%E7%87%88%E8%AB%96" title="菩提道燈論">菩提道燈論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A5%E4%B8%AD%E8%AB%96" title="入中論">入中论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%BE%E8%A7%80%E8%8E%8A%E5%9A%B4%E8%AB%96" title="現觀莊嚴論">現觀莊嚴論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E6%8F%90%E9%81%93%E6%AC%A1%E7%AC%AC%E5%BB%A3%E8%AB%96" class="mw-redirect" title="菩提道次第廣論">菩提道次第廣論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97%E9%81%93%E6%AC%A1%E7%AC%AC%E5%BB%A3%E8%AB%96" title="密宗道次第廣論">密宗道次第廣論</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="大圓滿直指教授" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pointing-out instruction"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E5%9C%93%E6%BB%BF%E7%9B%B4%E6%8C%87%E6%95%99%E6%8E%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大圓滿直指教授（页面不存在）">大圓滿直指教授</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pointing-out_instruction" class="extiw" title="en:Pointing-out instruction"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pointing-out instruction</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%82%B2%E5%92%92" title="大悲咒">八十四句大悲咒和千句大悲咒</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9A%A8%E6%B1%82%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9" title="大隨求菩薩">大隨求菩薩</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8A%E5%8B%9D%E5%92%92" title="尊勝咒">尊勝咒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E5%88%87%E5%A6%82%E4%BE%86%E5%BF%83%E7%A7%98%E5%AF%86%E5%85%A8%E8%BA%AB%E8%88%8D%E5%88%A9%E5%AF%B6%E7%AF%8B%E5%8D%B0%E9%99%80%E7%BE%85%E5%B0%BC%E7%B6%93" title="一切如來心秘密全身舍利寶篋印陀羅尼經">宝箧印咒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9E%E5%9A%B4%E5%92%92" title="楞嚴咒">楞嚴咒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%86%E6%8F%90%E9%99%80%E7%BE%85%E5%B0%BC" title="准提陀羅尼">准提咒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%A5%E5%B8%AB%E7%81%8C%E9%A0%82%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80" title="藥師灌頂真言">药师灌顶咒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%BD%E8%BF%B9%E9%87%91%E5%88%9A%E5%92%92" class="mw-redirect" title="秽迹金刚咒">秽迹金刚咒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%89%9B%E8%96%A9%E5%9F%B5#外部連結" title="金剛薩埵">金剛薩埵百字明咒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E5%AD%97%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80" title="六字真言">六字大明咒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%B1%B1%E6%96%BD%E9%A3%9F" title="蒙山施食">蒙山施食</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E7%84%B0%E5%8F%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="放焰口">放焰口</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="五壇法" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="五壇法"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%94%E5%A3%87%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="五壇法（页面不存在）">五壇法</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E5%A3%87%E6%B3%95" class="extiw" title="ja:五壇法"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">五壇法</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%B7%E6%91%A9" title="護摩">火供</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%85%A8%E6%A1%91" title="煨桑">煙供</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E5%90%89%E7%A5%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="八吉祥">八吉祥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%88%9A%E6%9D%B5" title="金刚杵">金刚杵</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="三棱杵" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Kīla (Buddhism)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%89%E6%A3%B1%E6%9D%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="三棱杵（页面不存在）">三棱杵</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%ABla_(Buddhism)" class="extiw" title="en:Kīla (Buddhism)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Kīla (Buddhism)</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="金剛鈴" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ghanta"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E5%89%9B%E9%88%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="金剛鈴（页面不存在）">金剛鈴</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghanta" class="extiw" title="en:Ghanta"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ghanta</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%89%E7%B6%93%E7%AD%92" title="轉經筒">轉經筒</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="皮鼓" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Damaru"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9A%AE%E9%BC%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="皮鼓（页面不存在）">达玛如皮鼓</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaru" class="extiw" title="en:Damaru"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Damaru</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%82%E6%84%8F%E5%AF%B6%E7%8F%A0" title="如意寶珠">摩尼寶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E5%8D%A1" title="唐卡">唐卡</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="筒欽" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tibetan horn"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AD%92%E6%AC%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="筒欽（页面不存在）">筒欽</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibetan_horn" class="extiw" title="en:Tibetan horn"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tibetan horn</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#ffeec2;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dharma_Wheel.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Dharma_Wheel.gif/16px-Dharma_Wheel.gif" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Dharma_Wheel.gif/24px-Dharma_Wheel.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Dharma_Wheel.gif/32px-Dharma_Wheel.gif 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="Portal:佛教">佛教主題</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tibetian_Wheel.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Tibetian_Wheel.gif/16px-Tibetian_Wheel.gif" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Tibetian_Wheel.gif/24px-Tibetian_Wheel.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Tibetian_Wheel.gif/32px-Tibetian_Wheel.gif 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a></span><br />相關模板：<a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%97%8F%E4%BC%A0%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="Template:藏传佛教">藏傳佛教</a>、<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%BC%A2%E5%82%B3%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97" title="Template:漢傳密宗">漢傳密宗</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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