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Activitate extravehiculară - Wikipedia
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Disponibil în 47 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-47" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">47 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruimtewandeling" title="Ruimtewandeling – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ruimtewandeling" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B7_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AC_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A8%D8%A9" title="نشاط خارج المركبة – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نشاط خارج المركبة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A7%C4%B1q_kosmosa_%C3%A7%C4%B1x%C4%B1%C5%9F" title="Açıq kosmosa çıxış – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Açıq kosmosa çıxış" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Излизане в открития космос – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Излизане в открития космос" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activitat_extravehicular" title="Activitat extravehicular – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Activitat extravehicular" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%BDstup_do_vesm%C3%ADru" title="Výstup do vesmíru – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Výstup do vesmíru" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumvandring" title="Rumvandring – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Rumvandring" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Au%C3%9Fenbordeinsatz" title="Außenbordeinsatz – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Außenbordeinsatz" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%82_%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%AC%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%82" title="Δραστηριότητα εκτός σκάφους – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Δραστηριότητα εκτός σκάφους" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extravehicular_activity" title="Extravehicular activity – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Extravehicular activity" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eksterveturila_agado" title="Eksterveturila agado – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Eksterveturila agado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actividad_extravehicular" title="Actividad extravehicular – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Actividad extravehicular" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontziz_kanpoko_ibilaldi" title="Ontziz kanpoko ibilaldi – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ontziz kanpoko ibilaldi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="راهپیمایی فضایی – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="راهپیمایی فضایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avaruusk%C3%A4vely" title="Avaruuskävely – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Avaruuskävely" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sortie_extrav%C3%A9hiculaire" title="Sortie extravéhiculaire – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sortie extravéhiculaire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A5-%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA" title="פעילות חוץ-רכבית – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פעילות חוץ-רכבית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80" title="चहलकदमी – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="चहलकदमी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%B0rs%C3%A9ta" title="Űrséta – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Űrséta" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kegiatan_luar_kendaraan" title="Kegiatan luar kendaraan – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kegiatan luar kendaraan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attivit%C3%A0_extraveicolare" title="Attività extraveicolare – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Attività extraveicolare" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%88%B9%E5%A4%96%E6%B4%BB%E5%8B%95" title="船外活動 – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="船外活動" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%A0%EC%99%B8%ED%99%9C%EB%8F%99" title="선외활동 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="선외활동" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baussebordasaz" title="Baussebordasaz – luxemburgheză" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Baussebordasaz" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izie%C5%A1ana_kosmos%C4%81" title="Iziešana kosmosā – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Iziešana kosmosā" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80" title="चहलकदमी – maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="चहलकदमी" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktiviti_luar_kenderaan" title="Aktiviti luar kenderaan – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Aktiviti luar kenderaan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruimtewandeling" title="Ruimtewandeling – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ruimtewandeling" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romvandring" title="Romvandring – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Romvandring" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romvandring" title="Romvandring – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Romvandring" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sortida_extrave%C3%AFculara" title="Sortida extraveïculara – occitană" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sortida extraveïculara" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spacer_kosmiczny" title="Spacer kosmiczny – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Spacer kosmiczny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atividade_extraveicular" title="Atividade extraveicular – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Atividade extraveicular" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8B%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%B2_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Выход в открытый космос – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Выход в открытый космос" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A_%D9%BE%D9%86%DA%8C" title="خلائي پنڌ – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="خلائي پنڌ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A-%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8F_%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%B8" title="බහිර්-යානා ක්රියාකාරකම – singhaleză" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="බහිර්-යානා ක්රියාකාරකම" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singhaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extravehicular_activity" title="Extravehicular activity – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Extravehicular activity" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%BDstup_do_otvoren%C3%A9ho_vesm%C3%ADru" title="Výstup do otvoreného vesmíru – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Výstup do otvoreného vesmíru" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesoljski_sprehod" title="Vesoljski sprehod – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Vesoljski sprehod" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D1%83_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Излазак у отворени свемир – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Излазак у отворени свемир" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rymdpromenad" title="Rymdpromenad – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rymdpromenad" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%88" title="விண்வெளி நடை – tamilă" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="விண்வெளி நடை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzay_ta%C5%9F%C4%B1t%C4%B1_d%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1_etkinlik" title="Uzay taşıtı dışı etkinlik – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Uzay taşıtı dışı etkinlik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Позакорабельна діяльність – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Позакорабельна діяльність" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosmik_yurish" title="Kosmik yurish – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kosmik yurish" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ativit%C3%A0_extraveicu%C5%82are" title="Atività extraveicułare – venetă" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Atività extraveicułare" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%88%B1%E5%A4%96%E6%B4%BB%E5%8A%A8" title="舱外活动 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="舱外活动" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q182020#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifică legăturile interlinguale" class="wbc-editpage">Modifică legăturile</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spații de nume"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Activitate_extravehicular%C4%83"><span>Lectură</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Activitate_extravehicular%C4%83&veaction=edit" title="Modificați această pagină cu EditorulVizual [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificare</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Activitate_extravehicular%C4%83&action=edit" title="Modificați codul sursă al acestei pagini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificare sursă</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Activitate_extravehicular%C4%83&action=history"><span>Istoric</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Ce_se_leag%C4%83_aici/Activitate_extravehicular%C4%83" title="Lista tuturor paginilor wiki care conduc spre această pagină [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Ce trimite aici</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Modific%C4%83ri_corelate/Activitate_extravehicular%C4%83" rel="nofollow" title="Schimbări recente în legătură cu această pagină [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Schimbări corelate</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Trimite_fi%C8%99ier" title="Încărcare fișiere [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Trimite fișier</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Pagini_speciale" title="Lista tuturor paginilor speciale [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pagini speciale</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Activitate_extravehicular%C4%83&oldid=12468082" title="Legătură permanentă către această versiune a acestei pagini"><span>Legătură permanentă</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Activitate_extravehicular%C4%83&action=info" title="Mai multe informații despre această pagină"><span>Informații despre pagină</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Citeaz%C4%83&page=Activitate_extravehicular%C4%83&id=12468082&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informații cu privire la modul de citare a acestei pagini"><span>Citează acest articol</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fro.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FActivitate_extravehicular%25C4%2583"><span>Obține URL scurtat</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fro.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FActivitate_extravehicular%25C4%2583"><span>Descărcați codul QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tipărire/exportare </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Carte&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Activitate+extravehicular%C4%83"><span>Creare carte</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Activitate_extravehicular%C4%83&action=show-download-screen"><span>Descărcare ca PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Activitate_extravehicular%C4%83&printable=yes" title="Versiunea de tipărit a acestei pagini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versiune de tipărit</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> În alte proiecte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Extra-vehicular_activity" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q182020" title="Legătură către elementul asociat din depozitul de date [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspect"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspect</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Wikipedia, enciclopedia liberă</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:STS-124_Mike_Fossum_during_the_second_spacewalk.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/STS-124_Mike_Fossum_during_the_second_spacewalk.jpg/300px-STS-124_Mike_Fossum_during_the_second_spacewalk.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/STS-124_Mike_Fossum_during_the_second_spacewalk.jpg/450px-STS-124_Mike_Fossum_during_the_second_spacewalk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/STS-124_Mike_Fossum_during_the_second_spacewalk.jpg/600px-STS-124_Mike_Fossum_during_the_second_spacewalk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2040" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_E._Fossum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael E. Fossum — pagină inexistentă">Mike Fossum</a> lucrează la modulul <i>Kibo</i> (JPM) în timpul celei de-a doua ieșiri în spațiu din cadrul <a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-124&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="STS-124 — pagină inexistentă">STS-124</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Bruce_McCandless_II_during_EVA_in_1984.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Bruce_McCandless_II_during_EVA_in_1984.jpg/280px-Bruce_McCandless_II_during_EVA_in_1984.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Bruce_McCandless_II_during_EVA_in_1984.jpg/420px-Bruce_McCandless_II_during_EVA_in_1984.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Bruce_McCandless_II_during_EVA_in_1984.jpg/560px-Bruce_McCandless_II_during_EVA_in_1984.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="3072" /></a><figcaption>Astronautul american <a href="/wiki/Bruce_McCandless_II" title="Bruce McCandless II">Bruce McCandless</a>, nelegat, utilizează o unitate de manevrare umană</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Activitățile extravehiculare</b> (<b>AEV</b>) sunt acele activități efectuate de un <a href="/wiki/Astronaut" title="Astronaut">astronaut</a> aflat în spațiu, în afara unei nave spațiale. Termenul se aplică în general activităților de pe orbita Pământului (denumite <b>ieșiri în spațiu</b>, în <a href="/wiki/Limba_englez%C4%83" title="Limba engleză">engleză</a> <span lang="en" style="font-style:italic">spacewalk</span>), dar și la cele de pe suprafața <a href="/wiki/Luna" title="Luna">Lunii</a>. În <a href="/wiki/Programul_Apollo" title="Programul Apollo">misiunile de aselenizare</a> (<a href="/wiki/Apollo_15" title="Apollo 15">Apollo 15</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apollo_16" title="Apollo 16">16</a> și <a href="/wiki/Apollo_17" title="Apollo 17">17</a>), pilotul modulului de comandă efectua un AEV pentru a recupera pelicula foto din modulul de serviciu pe drumul de întoarcere; el era asistat de pilotul modulului lunar care rămânea la chepengul deschis al modulului de comandă. Aceste AEV au fost singurele ieșiri în spațiu efectuate la depărtare de Pământ. </p><p>Din cauza designului diferit al primelor nave spațiale, programele spațiale american și sovietic defineau diferit activitățile extravehiculare. Rușii considerau că un AEV are loc când un <a href="/wiki/Cosmonaut" class="mw-redirect" title="Cosmonaut">cosmonaut</a> se află în vid. Un AEV american, în schimb, are loc atunci când astronautul comută Unitatea de Mobilitate Extravehiculară pe alimentarea cu energie din baterii. Un AEV "Stand-up" are loc atunci când astronautul nu iese din navă, dar se bazează doar pe costumul spațial pentru susținerea vieții.<sup id="cite_ref-standup_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-standup-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Numele provine de la faptul că astronautul „stă în picioare” în chepengul deschis, de regulă pentru a filma sau ajuta un alt astronaut aflat afară. </p><p>AEV-urile pot fi efectuate fie legat (astronautul este prins de nava spațială, eventual este alimentat cu oxigen printr-un tub, fără aparate de propulsie necesare pentru a se întoarce la navă) fie nelegat. Când cablul servește funcțiilor de susținere a vieții (de exemplu, alimentează cu oxigen), se numește „cablu ombilical”. Ieșirile în spațiu fără cablu de legătură s-au efectuat doar la trei misiuni în 1984 cu ajutorul Unității de Manevrare Umană (MMU), precum și în 1994 într-un zbor de încercare pentru <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simplified_Aid_for_EVA_Rescue&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue — pagină inexistentă">Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue</a> (SAFER). SAFER este un dispozitiv de siguranță purtat la AEV-urile cu cablu de legătură, întrucât capacitatea de a reîntoarcere pe navă este esențială. </p><p>Până în 2009, doar SUA, Rusia și China au reușit să efectueze AEV-uri. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Activitate_extravehicular%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Activitate_extravehicular%C4%83&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-standup-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-standup_1-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">NASA (<time datetime="2007">2007</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a15/a15.seva.html">„Stand-Up EVA”</a>. NASA<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-10-21">21 octombrie 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Stand-Up+EVA&rft.pub=NASA&rft.date=2007&rft.au=NASA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhistory.nasa.gov%2Falsj%2Fa15%2Fa15.seva.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AActivitate+extravehicular%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style></span> </li> </ol></div> <p><br /> </p> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding:2px;"> <table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"> <tbody><tr> <th style=";" colspan="3" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000); white-space:nowrap; ;"><span style=";;border:none;"><a href="/wiki/Format:Zbor_spa%C8%9Bial" title="Format:Zbor spațial"><span title="Vizualizare format" style=";;border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:Zbor_spa%C8%9Bial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discuție Format:Zbor spațial — pagină inexistentă"><span title="Discuție format" style=";;border:none;;">d</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Format:Zbor_spa%C8%9Bial&action=edit"><span title="Acest format se poate modifica. Folosiți butonul de previzualizare înainte de a salva." style=";;border:none;;">m</span></a></span></div></div><span class="" style="font-size: 110%;"><a href="/wiki/Zbor_spa%C8%9Bial" title="Zbor spațial">Zborul spațial</a></span> </th></tr> <tr style="height:2px;"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Generalități </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Astrodinamic%C4%83" title="Astrodinamică">Astrodinamică</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Istoria_zborului_spa%C8%9Bial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istoria zborului spațial — pagină inexistentă">Istorie</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cursa_Spa%C8%9Bial%C4%83" title="Cursa Spațială">Cursa Spațială</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_accidentelor_%C8%99i_a_incidentelor_din_timpul_zborurilor_spa%C8%9Biale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lista accidentelor și a incidentelor din timpul zborurilor spațiale — pagină inexistentă">Accidente și incidente</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_recordurilor_%C3%AEn_zborul_spa%C8%9Bial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lista recordurilor în zborul spațial — pagină inexistentă">Recorduri</a>) • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Politica_spa%C8%9Bial%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Politica spațială — pagină inexistentă">Politica spațială</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Legea_spa%C8%9Bial%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Legea spațială — pagină inexistentă">Legea spațială</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zbor_spa%C8%9Bial_privat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zbor spațial privat — pagină inexistentă">Zbor spațial privat</a></div> </td> <td class="navbox-image" style="width:0%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;" rowspan="13"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/SpaceX_Dragon_Capsule_Over_Mars_%2815248293551%29.jpg/125px-SpaceX_Dragon_Capsule_Over_Mars_%2815248293551%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/SpaceX_Dragon_Capsule_Over_Mars_%2815248293551%29.jpg/188px-SpaceX_Dragon_Capsule_Over_Mars_%2815248293551%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/SpaceX_Dragon_Capsule_Over_Mars_%2815248293551%29.jpg/250px-SpaceX_Dragon_Capsule_Over_Mars_%2815248293551%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2880" data-file-height="1620" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Aplicații </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Astronomie" title="Astronomie">Astronomie</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelit_de_comunica%C8%9Bie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satelit de comunicație — pagină inexistentă">Sateliți de comunicație</a> (<a href="/wiki/Internet_prin_satelit" title="Internet prin satelit">Internet</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Radio_prin_satelit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Radio prin satelit — pagină inexistentă">Radio</a> • <a href="/wiki/Telefonie_prin_satelit" title="Telefonie prin satelit">Telefon</a> • <a href="/wiki/Televiziune_prin_satelit" title="Televiziune prin satelit">Televiziune</a>) • <a href="/wiki/Sistem_de_naviga%C8%9Bie_prin_satelit" title="Sistem de navigație prin satelit">Navigație prin satelit</a> • <a href="/wiki/Militarizarea_spa%C8%9Biului" title="Militarizarea spațiului">Militarizarea spațiului</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arhitectur%C4%83_spa%C8%9Bial%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arhitectură spațială — pagină inexistentă">Arhitectură spațială</a> • <a href="/wiki/Explorarea_spa%C8%9Biului" title="Explorarea spațiului">Explorarea spațiului</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Meteorologie_spa%C8%9Bial%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meteorologie spațială — pagină inexistentă">Meteorologie spațială</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zbor_spa%C8%9Bial_cu_echipaj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zbor spațial cu echipaj — pagină inexistentă">Zbor spațial<br />cu echipaj</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> </div> <table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="width:100%;;;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Generalități</div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Astronaut" title="Astronaut">Astronaut</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistem_de_men%C8%9Binere_a_vie%C8%9Bii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistem de menținere a vieții — pagină inexistentă">Sistem de menținere a vieții</a> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Activitate extravehiculară</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Costum_spa%C8%9Bial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Costum spațial — pagină inexistentă">Costum spațial</a>) •  <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Activitate extravehiculară</a> •  <a href="/wiki/Imponderabilitate" title="Imponderabilitate">Imponderabilitate</a> •  <a href="/wiki/Turism_spa%C8%9Bial" title="Turism spațial">Turism spațial</a> •  <a href="/wiki/Colonizarea_spa%C8%9Biului" title="Colonizarea spațiului">Colonizarea spațiului</a> •  <a href="/wiki/Lista_zborurilor_spa%C8%9Biale_cu_echipaj_uman" title="Lista zborurilor spațiale cu echipaj uman">Lista zborurilor spațiale cu echipaj uman</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lista_zborurilor_spa%C8%9Biale_cu_echipaj_uman_1961-1970" title="Lista zborurilor spațiale cu echipaj uman 1961-1970">1961–1970</a> •  <a href="/wiki/Lista_zborurilor_spa%C8%9Biale_cu_echipaj_uman_1971-1980" title="Lista zborurilor spațiale cu echipaj uman 1971-1980">1971–1980</a> •  <a href="/wiki/Lista_zborurilor_spa%C8%9Biale_cu_echipaj_uman_1981-1990" title="Lista zborurilor spațiale cu echipaj uman 1981-1990">1981–1990</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_zborurilor_spa%C8%9Biale_cu_echipaj_uman_1991-2000&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lista zborurilor spațiale cu echipaj uman 1991-2000 — pagină inexistentă">1991–2000</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_zborurilor_spa%C8%9Biale_cu_echipaj_uman_2001-2010&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lista zborurilor spațiale cu echipaj uman 2001-2010 — pagină inexistentă">2001–2010</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_zborurilor_spa%C8%9Biale_cu_echipaj_uman_2011-2020&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lista zborurilor spațiale cu echipaj uman 2011-2020 — pagină inexistentă">2011–2020</a> •  <a href="/wiki/Lista_zborurilor_spa%C8%9Biale_cu_echipaj_uman_2021-prezent" title="Lista zborurilor spațiale cu echipaj uman 2021-prezent">2021–prezent</a>)</div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Programe</div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Programul_Vostok&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Programul Vostok — pagină inexistentă">Vostok</a> • <a href="/wiki/Proiectul_Mercury" class="mw-redirect" title="Proiectul Mercury">Mercury</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Programul_Voshod&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Programul Voshod — pagină inexistentă">Voshod</a> • <a href="/wiki/Programul_Gemini" title="Programul Gemini">Gemini</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Programul_Soiuz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Programul Soiuz — pagină inexistentă">Soiuz</a> • <a href="/wiki/Programul_Apollo" title="Programul Apollo">Apollo</a> • (<a href="/wiki/Skylab" title="Skylab">Skylab</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apollo%E2%80%93Soyuz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apollo–Soyuz — pagină inexistentă">Apollo–Soyuz</a>) • <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_program" class="mw-redirect" title="Space Shuttle program">Space Shuttle</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sta%C8%9Bia_Spa%C8%9Bial%C4%83_Mir" title="Stația Spațială Mir">Mir</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Shuttle%E2%80%93Mir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shuttle–Mir — pagină inexistentă">Shuttle–Mir</a>) • <a href="/wiki/Sta%C8%9Bia_Spa%C8%9Bial%C4%83_Interna%C8%9Bional%C4%83" title="Stația Spațială Internațională">Stația Spațială Internațională</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Programul_Shenzhou&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Programul Shenzhou — pagină inexistentă">Shenzhou</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Programul_Tiangong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Programul Tiangong — pagină inexistentă">Tiangong</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Pericole</div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Efectele_zborului_spa%C8%9Bial_asupra_corpului_uman" title="Efectele zborului spațial asupra corpului uman">Efectele zborului spațial asupra corpului uman</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sindromul_de_adaptare_cosmic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sindromul de adaptare cosmică — pagină inexistentă">Sindromul de adaptare cosmică</a>) •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenin%C8%9B%C4%83rile_radia%C8%9Biei_cosmice_asupra_s%C4%83n%C4%83t%C4%83%C8%9Bii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amenințările radiației cosmice asupra sănătății — pagină inexistentă">Radiație cosmică</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Supravie%C8%9Buirea_%C3%AEn_spa%C8%9Biu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Supraviețuirea în spațiu — pagină inexistentă">Supraviețuire</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vremea_%C3%AEn_spa%C8%9Biu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vremea în spațiu — pagină inexistentă">Vreme</a></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16513826">.mw-parser-output .navbox{margin:0 auto 0}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-image[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-list[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-even[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-title[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-image[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-list[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-even[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-title[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}}</style></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Nav%C4%83_spa%C8%9Bial%C4%83" title="Navă spațială">Navă spațială</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Vehicul_de_lansare" title="Vehicul de lansare">Vehicul de lansare</a> •  <a href="/wiki/Nav%C4%83_spa%C8%9Bial%C4%83_robotizat%C4%83" title="Navă spațială robotizată">Navă spațială robotizată</a> •  <a href="/wiki/Rachet%C4%83" title="Rachetă">Rachetă</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Propulsia_navei_spa%C8%9Biale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Propulsia navei spațiale — pagină inexistentă">Propulsia navei spațiale</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planor_spa%C8%9Bial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planor spațial — pagină inexistentă">Planor spațial</a> •  <a href="/wiki/Nav%C4%83_stelar%C4%83" title="Navă stelară">Navă stelară</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Destinații </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zbor_suborbital&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zbor suborbital — pagină inexistentă">Suborbitale</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zbor_orbital&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zbor orbital — pagină inexistentă">Orbitale</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Orbit%C4%83_geocentric%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orbită geocentrică — pagină inexistentă">geocentrice</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Orbit%C4%83_geosincron%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orbită geosincronă — pagină inexistentă">geosincrone</a>) •  <a href="/wiki/C%C4%83l%C4%83torie_interplanetar%C4%83" title="Călătorie interplanetară">Interplanetare</a> •  <a href="/wiki/C%C4%83l%C4%83torie_interstelar%C4%83" title="Călătorie interstelară">Interstelare</a> •  <a href="/wiki/C%C4%83l%C4%83torie_intergalactic%C4%83" title="Călătorie intergalactică">Intergalactice</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Lansare spațială </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascensiune_direct%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ascensiune directă — pagină inexistentă">Ascensiune directă</a> •  <a href="/wiki/Vitez%C4%83_cosmic%C4%83" title="Viteză cosmică">Viteză de eliberare</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistem_de_lansare_nereutilizabil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistem de lansare nereutilizabil — pagină inexistentă">Sistem de lansare nereutilizabil</a> și <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistem_de_lansare_reutilizabil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistem de lansare reutilizabil — pagină inexistentă">reutilizabil</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramp%C4%83_de_lansare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rampă de lansare — pagină inexistentă">Rampă de lansare</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lansare_spa%C8%9Bial%C4%83_f%C4%83r%C4%83_rachet%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lansare spațială fără rachetă — pagină inexistentă">Lansare spațială fără rachetă</a> •  <a href="/wiki/Cosmodrom" title="Cosmodrom">Cosmodrom</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Agen%C8%9Bii_spa%C8%9Biale" title="Categorie:Agenții spațiale">Agenții spațiale</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina"><img alt="Argentina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/15px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/30px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Comisi%C3%B3n_Nacional_de_Actividades_Espaciales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Comisión Nacional de Actividades Espaciales — pagină inexistentă">CoNAE</a> •  <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Brazilia" title="Brazilia"><img alt="Brazilia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/15px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/30px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brazilian_Space_Agency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brazilian Space Agency — pagină inexistentă">AEB</a> • <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/15px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/30px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Canadian_Space_Agency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Canadian Space Agency — pagină inexistentă">CSA</a> •  <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Republica_Popular%C4%83_Chinez%C4%83" title="Republica Populară Chineză"><img alt="Republica Populară Chineză" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=China_National_Space_Administration&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="China National Space Administration — pagină inexistentă">CNSA</a> •  <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Uniunea_European%C4%83" title="Uniunea Europeană"><img alt="Uniunea Europeană" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/15px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/30px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Agen%C8%9Bia_Spa%C8%9Bial%C4%83_European%C4%83" title="Agenția Spațială Europeană">ESA</a> •  <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C8%9Ba" title="Franța"><img alt="Franța" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/15px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Centre_national_d%27%C3%A9tudes_spatiales" title="Centre national d'études spatiales">CNES</a> •  <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germania" title="Germania"><img alt="Germania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/15px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=German_Aerospace_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="German Aerospace Center — pagină inexistentă">DLR</a> •  <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India"><img alt="India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/15px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/30px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Space_Research_Organisation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indian Space Research Organisation — pagină inexistentă">ISRO</a> •  <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Indonezia" title="Indonezia"><img alt="Indonezia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Institute_of_Aeronautics_and_Space&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Institute of Aeronautics and Space — pagină inexistentă">LAPAN</a> •  <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran"><img alt="Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/15px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/30px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iranian_Space_Agency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iranian Space Agency — pagină inexistentă">ISA</a> •  <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel"><img alt="Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/15px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/23px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/30px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Israeli_Space_Agency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Israeli Space Agency — pagină inexistentă">ISA</a> •  <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia"><img alt="Italia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/15px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Italian_Space_Agency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Italian Space Agency — pagină inexistentă">ASI</a> •  <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia"><img alt="Japonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/15px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/JAXA" class="mw-redirect" title="JAXA">JAXA</a> •  <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coreea_de_Nord" title="Coreea de Nord"><img alt="Coreea de Nord" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/15px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/30px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Aerospace_Development_Administration&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Aerospace Development Administration — pagină inexistentă">NADA</a> •  <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coreea_de_Sud" title="Coreea de Sud"><img alt="Coreea de Sud" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/15px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/30px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Korea_Aerospace_Research_Institute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Korea Aerospace Research Institute — pagină inexistentă">KARI</a> •  <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan"><img alt="Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/15px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Space_and_Upper_Atmosphere_Research_Commission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission — pagină inexistentă">SUPARCO</a> •  <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia"><img alt="Rusia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Agen%C8%9Bia_Federal%C4%83_Spa%C8%9Bial%C4%83_Rus%C4%83" title="Agenția Federală Spațială Rusă">Roscosmos</a> •  <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Suedia" title="Suedia"><img alt="Suedia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/15px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/30px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Swedish_National_Space_Board&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Swedish National Space Board — pagină inexistentă">SNSB</a> •  <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina"><img alt="Ucraina" 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