CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="es-ES"><head><meta charSet="UTF-8"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><link rel="preconnect" href="//static.elpais.com"/><link rel="preconnect" href="//assets.adobedtm.com"/><link rel="preconnect" href="//sdk.privacy-center.org"/><link rel="preload" href="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/CBY74QWB6JAANJHTHH2EWD7HWY.jpg?auth=4f2c042db3a61202c943970028e21d1d12c6daac77367f523b6e4ddfffa5404d&width=414&height=233&smart=true" imageSrcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/CBY74QWB6JAANJHTHH2EWD7HWY.jpg?auth=4f2c042db3a61202c943970028e21d1d12c6daac77367f523b6e4ddfffa5404d&width=414&height=233&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/CBY74QWB6JAANJHTHH2EWD7HWY.jpg?auth=4f2c042db3a61202c943970028e21d1d12c6daac77367f523b6e4ddfffa5404d&width=828&height=466&smart=true 828w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/CBY74QWB6JAANJHTHH2EWD7HWY.jpg?auth=4f2c042db3a61202c943970028e21d1d12c6daac77367f523b6e4ddfffa5404d&width=1200&height=675&smart=true 1200w" imageSizes="(min-width: 1199px) 1155px, (min-width: 1001px) calc(100vw - 44px), (min-width: 768px) 715px, (min-width: 576px) calc(100vw - 40px), 100vw" as="image" fetchpriority="high"/><link rel="preload" href="https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/fonts/majrit/majrit-text/Majrit-Text-Bold.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin=""/><link rel="preload" href="https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/fonts/majrit/majrit-text/Majrit-Text-Roman.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin=""/><script type="application/javascript">window.ENP = {"globalContent":{"website":"el-pais","alertEnabled":true,"lotteryButtonEnabled":false,"chatbotDisabled":false,"subscribeLinkByIP":"https://elpais.com/suscripciones/america/#/campaign","subscribeLink":"https://elpais.com/suscripciones/#/campaign","subscribePremiumLink":{"default":"https://elpais.com/suscripciones/premium/upgrade/","CA":"https://elpais.com/suscripciones/digital/premium/upgrade/eucan/","US":"https://elpais.com/suscripciones/digital/premium/upgrade/eucan/"},"usunLoginUrl":"https://services.users.elpais.com/serviceLogin.html","baseUrlApiGateway":"https://wdnf3ec6zb.execute-api.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/PRO/api/","serviceProductUrl":"https://services.users.elpais.com/serviceProduct.html","newsGoogleScript":"https://news.google.com/swg/js/v1/swg.js","secretPasswordServiceProduct":"&_&que_es_mi_barco$_$","favoritesURL":"https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/js/983f194b84e47a5afc4ba181e9b026a9ee40daae/ENP-favorites.js","apiOrigin":"https://publicapi.elpais.com","publicApi":"https://publicapi.elpais.com","entitlements":{"basic":[2895115629259653],"premium":[2810938707754442]},"omitAds":false},"deployment":{"arcVersion":"2218","cssVersion":"db9f21acfcdfe7a43f434e07c4c38a74","jsVersion":"983f194b84e47a5afc4ba181e9b026a9ee40daae","resourcePath":"https://static.elpais.com/dist"},"translations":{"dateTime":{"dateTimeConnector":"a las","ago":"Hace %s","actualizado":"Actualizado","act":"Act."},"sharedBar":{"commentsMessage":"Ir a los comentarios","copyLink":"Enlace copiado"},"subscribePremiumText":"Añade más ventajas a tu suscripción: 2 cuentas de email, PDF de EL PAÍS y todo Cinco Días.","subscribePremiumButton":"HAZTE PREMIUM","chatbot":{"welcomeMessage":"Hola%s, ¿puedo ayudarte?"}},"siteProperties":{"liveKickerUrl":"https://eskup.elpais.com/OuteskupSimple","languageCode":"es-ES","siteDomainURL":"https://elpais.com","subscribeOther":{"default":{"MX":"https://elpais.com/suscripciones/america/mexico/digital/#/campaign#","CO":"https://elpais.com/suscripciones/america/colombia/digital/#/campaign#","CL":"https://elpais.com/suscripciones/america/chile/digital/#/campaign#","CA":"https://elpais.com/suscripciones/digital/eucan/","US":"https://elpais.com/suscripciones/digital/eucan/"},"freemium_t2":{"default":"https://elpais.com/suscripciones/premium/primer-mes-anual/#/campaign","defaultAm":"https://elpais.com/suscripcion/latam/primermes/premium/mensual/anual/#/campaign","MX":"https://elpais.com/suscripcion/latam/primermes/premium/mensual/anual/#/campaign","CO":"https://elpais.com/suscripcion/colombia/premium/primermes/anual","CL":"https://elpais.com/suscripcion/latam/primermes/premium/mensual/anual/#/campaign","CA":"https://elpais.com/suscripciones/digital/premium/primer-mes-anual/eucan","US":"https://elpais.com/suscripciones/digital/premium/primer-mes-anual/eucan"}},"relativeSearchURL":"/buscador/"},"disabledFeatures":{"NOFAV":true,"NOPUBLI":false,"NOCSS":false},"overrideCss":"planeta-futuro"};</script><script type="application/javascript">window.LANG = "es-ES";</script><script type="text/javascript">window.arcIdentityApiOrigin = "https://publicapi.elpais.com";window.arcSalesApiOrigin = "https://publicapi.elpais.com";window.arcSignInUrl = "/subscriptions";if (false || window.location.pathname.indexOf('/pf/') === 0) { window.arcSignInUrl = "/pf" + window.arcSignInUrl + "?_website=el-pais"; }</script><script src="https://static.prisa.com/dist/subs/securesharesession/v2/latest/securesharesession.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" id="enp-script-0" src="https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/js/983f194b84e47a5afc4ba181e9b026a9ee40daae/ENP-section-front.js" defer=""></script><script src="https://contributor.google.com/scripts/1d9eb4aae2cdce07/loader.js" defer=""></script><script type="text/javascript"> var EP=EP||{}; (function(e){e.FC={getCookie:function(a){a+="=";for(var d=document.cookie.split(";"),b=0;b<d.length;b++){for(var c=d[b];" "==c.charAt(0);)c=c.substring(1,c.length);if(0==c.indexOf(a))return c.substring(a.length,c.length)}return null},getReleasedStorage:function(a,d){my_storage=window.localStorage;var b=my_storage.getItem(a);if(null!==b&&-1!=b.indexOf("|")){var c=b.substring(0,b.indexOf("|"));b=b.substring(b.indexOf("|")+1,b.length);if(c== d||"mostrarFC"==a&&"SI"==b)return b}return null},setReleasedStorage:function(a,d,b){my_storage=window.localStorage;my_storage.setItem(a,d+"|"+b)},cumpleAleatorio:function(a){return cumple_aleatorio=100*Math.random()<a?!0:!1},init:function(){es_suscriptor=!1;var a=EP.FC.getCookie("uid_ns");es_suscriptor=null==a?!1:null==a.match(/144\|([0-9]+)/)?!1:!0;window.googlefc=window.googlefc||{};googlefc.controlledMessagingFunction=function(a){(es_suscriptor||true)?a.proceed(!1):a.proceed(!0)}}};EP.FC.init()})(EP); (function(){'use strict';var f=function(a){var b=0;return function(){return b<a.length?{done:!1,value:a[b++]}:{done:!0}}},l=this,m=/^[w+/_-]+[=]{0,2}$/,n=null,q=function(){},r=function(a){var b=typeof a;if("object"==b)if(a){if(a instanceof Array)return"array";if(a instanceof Object)return b;var c=Object.prototype.toString.call(a);if("[object Window]"==c)return"object";if("[object Array]"==c||"number"==typeof a.length&&"undefined"!=typeof a.splice&&"undefined"!=typeof a.propertyIsEnumerable&&!a.propertyIsEnumerable("splice"))return"array"; if("[object Function]"==c||"undefined"!=typeof a.call&&"undefined"!=typeof a.propertyIsEnumerable&&!a.propertyIsEnumerable("call"))return"function"}else return"null";else if("function"==b&&"undefined"==typeof a.call)return"object";return b},t=Date.now||function(){return+new Date},u=function(a,b){function c(){}c.prototype=b.prototype;a.m=b.prototype;a.prototype=new c;a.prototype.constructor=a;a.j=function(a,c,g){for(var d=Array(arguments.length-2),e=2;e<arguments.length;e++)d[e-2]=arguments[e];return b.prototype[c].apply(a, d)}};var v=function(a,b){Object.defineProperty(l,a,{configurable:!1,get:function(){return b},set:q})};var w=function(){return Math.floor(2147483648*Math.random()).toString(36)+Math.abs(Math.floor(2147483648*Math.random())^t()).toString(36)};var y=function(){this.a="";this.b=x},x={},z=function(a){var b=new y;b.a=a;return b};var A=function(a,b){a.src=b instanceof y&&b.constructor===y&&b.b===x?b.a:"type_error:TrustedResourceUrl";if(null===n)b:{b=l.document;if((b=b.querySelector&&b.querySelector("script[nonce]"))&&(b=b.nonce||b.getAttribute("nonce"))&&m.test(b)){n=b;break b}n=""}b=n;b&&a.setAttribute("nonce",b)};var B=function(a){this.a=a||l.document||document};B.prototype.appendChild=function(a,b){a.appendChild(b)};var C=function(a,b,c,d,e,g){try{var h=a.a,k=a.a.createElement("SCRIPT");k.async=!0;A(k,b);h.head.appendChild(k);k.addEventListener("load",function(){e();d&&h.head.removeChild(k)});k.addEventListener("error",function(){0<c?C(a,b,c-1,d,e,g):(d&&h.head.removeChild(k),g())})}catch(p){g()}};var D=l.atob("aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ3N0YXRpYy5jb20vaW1hZ2VzL2ljb25zL21hdGVyaWFsL3N5c3RlbS8xeC93YXJuaW5nX2FtYmVyXzI0ZHAucG5n"),E=l.atob("WW91IGFyZSBzZWVpbmcgdGhpcyBtZXNzYWdlIGJlY2F1c2UgYWQgb3Igc2NyaXB0IGJsb2NraW5nIHNvZnR3YXJlIGlzIGludGVyZmVyaW5nIHdpdGggdGhpcyBwYWdlLg=="),aa=l.atob("RGlzYWJsZSBhbnkgYWQgb3Igc2NyaXB0IGJsb2NraW5nIHNvZnR3YXJlLCB0aGVuIHJlbG9hZCB0aGlzIHBhZ2Uu"),ba=function(a,b,c){this.b=a;this.f=new B(this.b);this.a=null;this.c=[];this.g=!1;this.i=b;this.h=c},H=function(a){if(a.b.body&&!a.g){var b= function(){F(a);l.setTimeout(function(){return G(a,3)},50)};C(a.f,a.i,2,!0,function(){l[a.h]||b()},b);a.g=!0}},F=function(a){for(var b=I(1,5),c=0;c<b;c++){var d=J(a);a.b.body.appendChild(d);a.c.push(d)}b=J(a);b.style.bottom="0";b.style.left="0";b.style.position="fixed";b.style.width=I(100,110).toString()+"%";b.style.zIndex=I(2147483544,2147483644).toString();b.style["background-color"]=K(249,259,242,252,219,229);b.style["box-shadow"]="0 0 12px #888";b.style.color=K(0,10,0,10,0,10);b.style.display= "flex";b.style["justify-content"]="center";b.style["font-family"]="Roboto, Arial";c=J(a);c.style.width=I(80,85).toString()+"%";c.style.maxWidth=I(750,775).toString()+"px";c.style.margin="24px";c.style.display="flex";c.style["align-items"]="flex-start";c.style["justify-content"]="center";d=a.f.a.createElement("IMG");d.className=w();d.src=D;d.style.height="24px";d.style.width="24px";d.style["padding-right"]="16px";var e=J(a),g=J(a);g.style["font-weight"]="bold";g.textContent=E;var h=J(a);h.textContent= aa;L(a,e,g);L(a,e,h);L(a,c,d);L(a,c,e);L(a,b,c);a.a=b;a.b.body.appendChild(a.a);b=I(1,5);for(c=0;c<b;c++)d=J(a),a.b.body.appendChild(d),a.c.push(d)},L=function(a,b,c){for(var d=I(1,5),e=0;e<d;e++){var g=J(a);b.appendChild(g)}b.appendChild(c);c=I(1,5);for(d=0;d<c;d++)e=J(a),b.appendChild(e)},I=function(a,b){return Math.floor(a+Math.random()*(b-a))},K=function(a,b,c,d,e,g){return"rgb("+I(Math.max(a,0),Math.min(b,255)).toString()+","+I(Math.max(c,0),Math.min(d,255)).toString()+","+I(Math.max(e,0),Math.min(g, 255)).toString()+")"},J=function(a){a=a.f.a.createElement("DIV");a.className=w();return a},G=function(a,b){0>=b||null!=a.a&&0!=a.a.offsetHeight&&0!=a.a.offsetWidth||(ca(a),F(a),l.setTimeout(function(){return G(a,b-1)},50))},ca=function(a){var b=a.c;var c="undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.iterator&&b[Symbol.iterator];b=c?c.call(b):{next:f(b)};for(c=b.next();!c.done;c=b.next())(c=c.value)&&c.parentNode&&c.parentNode.removeChild(c);a.c=[];(b=a.a)&&b.parentNode&&b.parentNode.removeChild(b);a.a=null};var M=function(a,b,c){a=l.btoa(a+b);v(a,c)},da=function(a,b,c){for(var d=[],e=2;e<arguments.length;++e)d[e-2]=arguments[e];e=l.btoa(a+b);e=l[e];if("function"==r(e))e.apply(null,d);else throw Error("API not exported.");};var fa=function(a,b,c,d,e){var g=ea(c),h=function(c){c.appendChild(g);l.setTimeout(function(){g?(0!==g.offsetHeight&&0!==g.offsetWidth?b():a(),g.parentNode&&g.parentNode.removeChild(g)):a()},d)},k=function(a){document.body?h(document.body):0<a?l.setTimeout(function(){k(a-1)},e):b()};k(3)},ea=function(a){var b=document.createElement("div");b.className=a;b.style.width="1px";b.style.height="1px";b.style.position="absolute";b.style.left="-10000px";b.style.top="-10000px";b.style.zIndex="-10000";return b};var N=null;var O=function(){},P="function"==typeof Uint8Array,Q=function(a,b){a.b=null;b||(b=[]);a.l=void 0;a.f=-1;a.a=b;a:{if(b=a.a.length){--b;var c=a.a[b];if(!(null===c||"object"!=typeof c||"array"==r(c)||P&&c instanceof Uint8Array)){a.g=b-a.f;a.c=c;break a}}a.g=Number.MAX_VALUE}a.i={}},R=[],S=function(a,b){if(b<a.g){b+=a.f;var c=a.a[b];return c===R?a.a[b]=[]:c}if(a.c)return c=a.c[b],c===R?a.c[b]=[]:c},U=function(a,b){var c=T;a.b||(a.b={});if(!a.b[b]){var d=S(a,b);d&&(a.b[b]=new c(d))}return a.b[b]}; O.prototype.h=P?function(){var a=Uint8Array.prototype.toJSON;Uint8Array.prototype.toJSON=function(){if(!N){N={};for(var a=0;65>a;a++)N[a]="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=".charAt(a)}a=N;for(var c=[],d=0;d<this.length;d+=3){var e=this[d],g=d+1<this.length,h=g?this[d+1]:0,k=d+2<this.length,p=k?this[d+2]:0,ha=e>>2;e=(e&3)<<4|h>>4;h=(h&15)<<2|p>>6;p&=63;k||(p=64,g||(h=64));c.push(a[ha],a[e],a[h],a[p])}return c.join("")};try{return JSON.stringify(this.a&&this.a,V)}finally{Uint8Array.prototype.toJSON= a}}:function(){return JSON.stringify(this.a&&this.a,V)};var V=function(a,b){return"number"!=typeof b||!isNaN(b)&&Infinity!==b&&-Infinity!==b?b:String(b)};O.prototype.toString=function(){return this.a.toString()};var T=function(a){Q(this,a)};u(T,O);var W=function(a){Q(this,a)};u(W,O);var ia=function(a,b){this.g=new B(a);var c=U(b,11);c=z(S(c,4)||"");this.b=new ba(a,c,S(b,10));this.a=b;this.f=S(this.a,1);this.c=!1},X=function(a,b,c,d){b=new T(b?JSON.parse(b):null);b=z(S(b,4)||"");C(a.g,b,3,!1,c,function(){fa(function(){H(a.b);d(!1)},function(){d(!0)},S(a.a,12),S(a.a,5),S(a.a,3))})},ja=function(a){a.c||(M(a.f,"internal_api_load_with_sb",function(b,c,d){X(a,b,c,d)}),M(a.f,"internal_api_sb",function(){H(a.b)}),a.c=!0)};var Y=function(a){this.h=l.document;this.a=new ia(this.h,a);this.f=S(a,1);this.g=U(a,2);this.c=!1;this.b=a};Y.prototype.start=function(){try{ka(),ja(this.a),l.googlefc=l.googlefc||{},"callbackQueue"in l.googlefc||(l.googlefc.callbackQueue=[]),la(this)}catch(a){H(this.a.b)}}; var ka=function(){var a=function(){if(!l.frames.googlefcPresent)if(document.body){var b=document.createElement("iframe");b.style.display="none";b.style.width="0px";b.style.height="0px";b.style.border="none";b.style.zIndex="-1000";b.style.left="-1000px";b.style.top="-1000px";b.name="googlefcPresent";document.body.appendChild(b)}else l.setTimeout(a,5)};a()},la=function(a){var b=t();X(a.a,a.g.h(),function(){var c=l.btoa(a.f+"cached_js");(c=l[c])?(c=l.atob(c),c=3E5>Math.abs(b-parseInt(c,10))):c=!1;c|| (da(a.f,"internal_api_sb"),Z(a,S(a.b,9)))},function(b){b?Z(a,S(a.b,7)):Z(a,S(a.b,8))})},Z=function(a,b){a.c||(a.c=!0,a=new l.XMLHttpRequest,a.open("GET",b,!0),a.send())};(function(a,b){l[a]=function(c){for(var d=[],e=0;e<arguments.length;++e)d[e-0]=arguments[e];l[a]=q;b.apply(null,d)}})("__475an521in8a__",function(a){"function"==typeof l.atob&&(a=l.atob(a),a=new W(a?JSON.parse(a):null),(new Y(a)).start())});}).call(this); window.__475an521in8a__("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"); </script><script id="scriptTestAB">window.DTM = window.DTM || {}; window.DTM.config = window.DTM.config || {}; window.DTM.config.atg_enabled = true;</script><script type="application/javascript">window.DTM = Object.assign(window.DTM || {}, {"isArticle":false,"pageDataLayer":{"businessUnit":"noticias","canonicalURL":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/","domain":"elpais.com","edition":"españa","geoRegion":"españa","language":"es-ES","paywallID":"","liveContent":false,"org":"prisa","pageInstanceID":"1743644020499_3823187","pageName":"elpaiscom/planeta-futuro/","publisher":"el pais","siteID":"elpaiscom","sysEnv":"web","thematic":"informacion","onsiteSearchResults":"","onsiteSearchTerm":"","paywallActive":false,"paywallCounter":"not-set","pageTypology":"","paywallProductOther":"","editionNavigation":"not-set","author":[],"creationDate":"","pageType":"portadilla","dataLayerDelay":false,"paywallStatus":"0","primaryCategory":"planeta-futuro","secondaryCategories":"","subCategory1":"planeta-futuro>home","subCategory2":"","tags":[]},"path":"//assets.adobedtm.com/0681c221600c/d0943e7fed9e/launch-90f4fb204f3b.min.js"});</script><title>Planeta Futuro en EL PAÍS</title><meta name="date" scheme="W3CDTF" content="2025-04-03T03:33:40+02:00"/><meta name="lang" content="es-ES"/><meta name="author" content="Ediciones EL PAÍS"/><meta name="robots" content="index,follow"/><meta name="description" content="Noticias de última hora sobre la actualidad en desarrollo global, justo y sostenible. Información y debate acerca de los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio y la Declaración Universal de Derechos Humanos en EL PAÍS."/><meta name="organization" content="Ediciones EL PAÍS S.L."/><meta property="article:publisher" content="https://facebook.com/planetafuturoelpais"/><meta property="article:modified_time" content="2025-04-03T03:33:40+02:00"/><meta property="og:title" content="Planeta Futuro en EL PAÍS"/><meta property="og:description" content="Noticias de última hora sobre la actualidad en desarrollo global, justo y sostenible. Información y debate acerca de los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio y la Declaración Universal de Derechos Humanos en EL PAÍS."/><meta property="og:updated_time" content="2025-04-03T03:33:40+02:00"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fep01.epimg.net%2Ficonos%2Fv1.x%2Fv1.0%2Fpromos%2Fpromo_og_planeta_futuro.png?auth=65c489e9f62b31e941da59894cbb709437527626c05a0f3f363dae84cd2ee2c2&width=300&height=300&smart=true"/><meta property="og:image:width" content="300"/><meta property="og:image:height" content="300"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/"/><meta property="og:type" content="website"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="El País"/><meta property="fb:app_id" content="94039431626"/><meta property="twitter:card" content="summary"/><meta property="twitter:site" content="@Planeta_Futuro"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/"/><meta property="article:section" content="Planeta Futuro"/><meta property="twitter:title" content="Planeta Futuro en EL PAÍS"/><meta property="og:article:publisher" content="EL PAÍS"/><meta property="og:article:author" content="Ediciones EL PAÍS"/><meta property="fb:pages" content="8585811569"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://feeds.elpais.com/mrss-s/list/ep/site/elpais.com/section/planeta-futuro" type="application/rss+xml" title="RSS de Planeta Futuro en El País"/><script type="application/ld+json">[{"@context":"https://schema.org/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","item":{"@type":"CollectionPage","@id":"https://elpais.com/","name":"EL PAÍS: el periódico global"},"position":1},{"@type":"ListItem","item":{"@type":"CollectionPage","@id":"https://elpais.com/","name":""},"position":2},{"@type":"ListItem","item":{"@type":"CollectionPage","@id":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/","name":"Planeta Futuro"},"position":3}]},{"@context":"https://schema.org/","@type":"WPHeader","cssSelector":".z-he"},{"@context":"https://schema.org/","@type":"WPFooter","cssSelector":".z-fo"}]</script><link rel="manifest" href="/pf/resources/manifests/site.webmanifest?d=2218"/><link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/images/favicon.ico"/><style id="critical-css">:root{--article-body-tablet-offset: rem(32px);--grid-6-1-column-content: calc(1 * ((100% - var(--grid-column-gap) * 5) / 6 + var(--grid-column-gap)) - var(--grid-column-gap));--grid-6-1-column-content-gap: calc(1 * ((100% - var(--grid-column-gap) * 5) / 6 + var(--grid-column-gap)));--grid-8-1-column-content: calc(1 * ((100% - var(--grid-column-gap) * 7) / 8 + var(--grid-column-gap)) - var(--grid-column-gap));--grid-8-1-column-content-gap: calc(1 * ((100% - var(--grid-column-gap) * 7) / 8 + var(--grid-column-gap)));--grid-8-2-column-content: calc(2 * ((100% - var(--grid-column-gap) * 7) / 8 + var(--grid-column-gap)) - var(--grid-column-gap));--grid-8-3-column-content: calc(3 * ((100% - var(--grid-column-gap) * 7) / 8 + var(--grid-column-gap)) - var(--grid-column-gap));--grid-8-4-column-content: calc(4 * ((100% - var(--grid-column-gap) * 7) / 8 + var(--grid-column-gap)) - var(--grid-column-gap));--grid-10-1-column-content: calc(1 * ((100% - var(--grid-column-gap) * 9) / 10 + var(--grid-column-gap)) - var(--grid-column-gap));--grid-10-2-column-content: calc(2 * ((100% - var(--grid-column-gap) * 9) / 10 + var(--grid-column-gap)) - var(--grid-column-gap));--grid-10-3-column-content: calc(3 * ((100% - var(--grid-column-gap) * 9) / 10 + var(--grid-column-gap)) - var(--grid-column-gap));--grid-10-4-column-content: calc(4 * ((100% - var(--grid-column-gap) * 9) / 10 + var(--grid-column-gap)) - var(--grid-column-gap));--grid-10-1-column-content-gap: calc(1 * ((100% - var(--grid-column-gap) * 9) / 10 + var(--grid-column-gap)));--grid-12-1-column-content-gap: calc(1 * ((100% - var(--grid-column-gap) * 11) / 12 + var(--grid-column-gap)))}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}body{margin:0}hr{box-sizing:content-box;height:0;overflow:visible}pre{font-family:monospace,monospace;font-size:1em}abbr[title]{border-bottom:none;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration:underline dotted;text-decoration:underline dotted}b,strong{font-weight:bolder}code,kbd,samp{font-family:monospace,monospace;font-size:1em}small{font-size:80%}sub,sup{font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline}sub{bottom:-.25em}sup{top:-.5em}button,input,optgroup,select,textarea{font-family:inherit;font-size:100%;line-height:1.15;margin:0}button,input{overflow:visible}button,select{text-transform:none}button,[type=button],[type=reset],[type=submit]{-webkit-appearance:button}button::-moz-focus-inner,[type=button]::-moz-focus-inner,[type=reset]::-moz-focus-inner,[type=submit]::-moz-focus-inner{border-style:none;padding:0}button:-moz-focusring,[type=button]:-moz-focusring,[type=reset]:-moz-focusring,[type=submit]:-moz-focusring{outline:1px dotted ButtonText}legend{box-sizing:border-box;color:inherit;display:table;max-width:100%;padding:0;white-space:normal}progress{vertical-align:baseline}textarea{overflow:auto}[type=number]::-webkit-inner-spin-button,[type=number]::-webkit-outer-spin-button{height:auto}[type=search]{-webkit-appearance:textfield;outline-offset:-2px}[type=search]::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}::-webkit-file-upload-button{-webkit-appearance:button;font:inherit}details{display:block}summary{display:list-item}iframe,img{display:block;border:none}input,textarea{outline:none}figure{margin:0}[type=search]::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none}._g{position:relative;box-sizing:border-box;grid-template-rows:max-content;grid-auto-flow:dense}[class*=_g_c-]{grid-row-start:auto}._g{grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr)}._g-xs{display:grid}._g-s>div{position:relative}._g-s>div:not(:first-child):before{content:"";position:absolute;top:0;left:-16px;height:100%;border-left:1px solid #e9e9e9}._g_c-1{grid-column-end:span 1}._g_c-2{grid-column-end:span 2}._g_c-3{grid-column-end:span 3}._g_c-4{grid-column-end:span 4}:root{--grid-column-gap: 1.3125rem;--grid-column-gap-justify: -1.3125rem;--grid-offset: 1.25rem;--grid-offset-justify: -1.25rem}._g{grid-column-gap:1.3125rem}._g-o{padding-left:1.25rem;padding-right:1.25rem}._g-o{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;box-sizing:border-box;width:100%}._g-f{max-width:none}._gf-np{padding:0}._gf .c{border-bottom:0}@keyframes blink{0%{opacity:1}50%{opacity:0}to{opacity:1}}@font-face{font-family:MajritTx;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;font-display:swap;src:url(https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/fonts/majrit/majrit-text/Majrit-Text-Bold.woff2) format("woff2"),url(https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/fonts/majrit/majrit-text/Majrit-Text-Bold.woff) format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MajritTxRoman;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:url(https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/fonts/majrit/majrit-text/Majrit-Text-Roman.woff2) format("woff2"),url(https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/fonts/majrit/majrit-text/Majrit-Text-Roman.woff) format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MarcinAntB;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:url(https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/fonts/marcin-ant-b/marcinantb-regular-webfont.woff2) format("woff2"),url(https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/fonts/marcin-ant-b/marcinantb-regular-webfont.woff) format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MajritTx;font-style:italic;font-weight:700;font-display:swap;src:url(https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/fonts/majrit/majrit-text/Majrit-Text-Bold-Italic.woff2) format("woff2"),url(https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/fonts/majrit/majrit-text/Majrit-Text-Bold-Italic.woff) format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MajritTx;font-style:normal;font-weight:900;font-display:swap;src:url(https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/fonts/majrit/majrit-text/Majrit-Text-Black.woff2) format("woff2"),url(https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/fonts/majrit/majrit-text/Majrit-Text-Black.woff) format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:MarcinAntB;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;font-display:swap;src:url(https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/fonts/marcin-ant-b/marcinantb-bold-webfont.woff2) format("woff2"),url(https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/fonts/marcin-ant-b/marcinantb-bold-webfont.woff) format("woff")}.clearfix:after,._cf:after{display:block;clear:both;content:""}._rt{position:relative;display:block}._rt:before{display:block;padding-top:var(--arc-aspect-ratio);content:""}._rt>*{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%}._rt-1x1{--arc-aspect-ratio: 100%}._rt-4x3{--arc-aspect-ratio: 75%}._rt-16x9{--arc-aspect-ratio: 56.25%}._rt-9x16{--arc-aspect-ratio: 177.7777777778%}._rt-21x9{--arc-aspect-ratio: 42.8571428571%}.btn{color:inherit;background-color:unset;border:none;padding:0;box-sizing:border-box;font-size:.6875rem;line-height:.9375rem;text-transform:uppercase;padding:.3125rem .5rem;border-radius:.125rem;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;cursor:pointer;font-weight:700;min-width:1.6875rem;display:inline-flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;outline:none;border:.0625rem solid rgba(0,0,0,0);white-space:nowrap}.btn:hover{opacity:.8}.btn-md{padding:.5rem;min-width:2rem;line-height:1rem}.btn-lg{min-width:10.3125rem;padding:.6875rem}.btn-1{right:.75rem;top:.75rem}.btn-2{background:#f7cf3c}.btn-3{border:1px solid #f7cf3c}.btn-4{border:1px solid #efefef;border-radius:0}.btn-5,.btn-6{background:#016ca2;color:#fff}.btn-7{border:1px solid #016ca2;color:#111}.btn-8{border:1px solid #016ca2}.btn-9{background:#016ca2}.btn-10{background-color:#e8120b;color:#fff}.btn-i{height:2rem;width:2rem}.btn-i svg{height:auto;width:1rem}._re{width:100%;height:auto}._pr{position:relative}._pa{position:absolute}._pf{position:fixed}._ls{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}._db{display:block}._df{display:flex}._di{display:inline}._dib{display:inline-block}._dg{display:grid}._dn{display:none}._ai-c{align-items:center}._ai-b{align-items:baseline}._js-c{justify-self:center}._js-e{justify-self:end}._jc-c{justify-content:center}._jc-se{justify-content:space-evenly}._btn{color:inherit;background-color:unset;border:none;padding:0;box-sizing:border-box;cursor:pointer;display:inline-flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}._fl{float:left}._fr{float:right}._sr{order:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);-webkit-clip-path:inset(100%);clip-path:inset(100%);height:1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;white-space:nowrap;width:1px}.tpl-modal{overflow:hidden}body{background:#fff;color:#111;font-family:MajritTx,serif}a{text-decoration:none;color:inherit}a:hover{opacity:.8;transition:opacity .4s}figure a:hover{opacity:1}.ad,.prisa_ad,.ad-center-rail{display:flex;justify-content:center;line-height:0}.ad-mpu{min-width:18.75rem;height:37.5rem;align-items:flex-start;justify-content:center}.ad-mpu>div{width:18.75rem;min-height:18.75rem;position:sticky;z-index:1;margin:0 auto;top:0}.ad-giga{min-height:6.25rem;max-width:74.9375rem;margin:0 auto}.ad-giga-1{position:sticky;top:0;z-index:1010}.ad-315-otb{width:19.6875rem;min-height:36.25rem}.ad-sticky{position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:1050;height:6.25rem;box-shadow:0 0 5px 2px #00000036;display:none;width:100%}div[id^=elpais_gpt-MPU]{height:37.5rem;min-width:18.75rem;align-items:flex-start;justify-content:center;clear:both}.ad-ntsd{min-height:1.875rem}.tpl-admin .placeholder_ad .ad_content{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;background:#ebebeb;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:.75rem;margin:0 auto}.tpl-admin .ad-mldb{display:none}.ad-giga-2{margin-top:4.375rem}.contrast-on{background-color:#000;filter:grayscale(100%) invert(100%)}.contrast-on a img,.contrast-on a video,.contrast-on figure img,.contrast-on figure video{filter:invert(1)}.contrast-on .ep_e,.contrast-on .ad,.contrast-on figure iframe,.contrast-on .playlist img,.contrast-on .playlist iframe,.contrast-on .ph-v_b,.contrast-on .c_m_i{filter:invert(1)}.cs{padding-top:1.5rem;grid-template-rows:repeat(4,auto)}.cs_t{grid-column:1/5;grid-row:2;border-bottom:1px solid #000;justify-content:flex-end;position:relative;display:flex;flex-direction:column}.cs_t:after{position:absolute;display:block;content:"";bottom:0;left:0;width:7.9375rem;height:.25rem;background:#000}.cs_t_e{margin:0;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.5rem;font-weight:900;letter-spacing:-.0375rem;color:#000}.cs_t_l{text-indent:-9999px;padding-bottom:.75rem;display:inline-block;position:relative;height:40px;width:126px;background-image:url(https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/images/sections/planeta-futuro/planeta_futuro_aniversario.svg);background-position:0 center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:auto 35px}.cs_m{grid-column:1/5;grid-row:4;font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.cs_m:after{content:"";width:1rem;height:100%;position:absolute;top:0;pointer-events:none;right:-.0625rem;background:#fff;background:linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(255,255,255,0) 0%,#fff 100%)}.cs_m:before{content:"";width:90%;height:.3125rem;position:absolute;top:0;left:0}.cs_m .sm{overflow-x:scroll;padding-right:1rem;padding-left:0}.cs_m a{font-size:.6875rem;line-height:.8125rem;color:#000;text-transform:uppercase;white-space:nowrap;padding:1.375rem .1875rem;letter-spacing:.00625rem}.cs_m a:not(:last-child):after{content:"\b7";margin-left:.4rem}.cs_m_i-a{position:relative}.cs_m_i-a:before{position:absolute;content:"";bottom:0;left:0;display:block;width:calc(100% - .6rem);height:.3125rem;background:#000}.cs_p{grid-column:1/5;grid-row:2;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:flex-end;z-index:2}.cs_p_i{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;padding:0}.cs_p_l{text-transform:uppercase;font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;font-size:.625rem;line-height:.75rem;letter-spacing:.01125rem;white-space:nowrap;padding:0 .25rem 0 0}.cs_p_n{display:inline-block;text-indent:-9999px;height:28px;width:121px;background-image:url(https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/images/sections/planeta-futuro/planeta-futuro-bill-melinda-white-2021.svg);background-position:center;background-size:auto 25px;background-repeat:no-repeat}.tpl-h .cs{padding-top:unset}.tpl-h .cs_m{border-bottom:1px solid #000;justify-content:center}.tpl-tag .cs_t_e,.tpl-tag .x-f .x_s_l{font-weight:500}#elpais_gpt-LDB1>div{min-height:5.625rem}.cg_d{background:#fff}.x{box-shadow:0 .0625rem .25rem #00000005,0 .125rem .25rem #00000017;transform:translateZ(0);width:100%;z-index:5;top:0}.x_w{padding-top:.625rem;padding-bottom:.625rem;background:#fff}.x+.x-f{top:-3.125rem}.x_ep{grid-column:1/3;align-items:center}.x_u{grid-column:3/5;justify-content:flex-end;align-content:center;align-items:center}.x .btn-h{padding:0;margin-right:.75rem}.x .btn-h svg{width:1.625rem}.x .btn-u{font-weight:400;margin-left:.375rem}.x .btn-ur{background:#efefef}.x .btn-us{background:#f7cf3c}.ep_l{margin:0;display:inline-flex}.ep_e{height:2rem;min-width:8.125rem;display:inline-flex}.ep_i{height:1.875rem;width:auto;margin-top:-.0625rem}.x-p .ep_l{grid-column:2/4;text-align:center}.x-p .ep_e{margin:0 auto}.x-p.x-f .x_s_l{display:none}.x-f{position:fixed;left:0;width:100%;z-index:1030;border-top:.0625rem solid #000;margin-top:-3.125rem;top:3.125rem;transition:top .2s ease}.x-f .x_u{grid-column:4/5}.x-f .x_s_l{text-indent:-9999px;width:105px;background-image:url(https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/images/sections/planeta-futuro/planeta_futuro_aniversario.svg);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center;background-size:auto 28px;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden}.x-f .pb{height:.25rem;width:100%;background:#efefef;position:absolute;bottom:-.25rem}.x-f .pb_p{background:#00b1ff;height:.25rem;width:0;transition:all .9s}.x_sep{line-height:0;background:#fff}.x-nf.x-p .ep_l{text-align:center}.x-nf.x-p .x_ep{display:contents}.x-nf.x-p .x_u .btn-2{display:none}.cg_f{font-size:.625rem;font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;color:#000;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;padding:.75rem 0}.cg_f time{letter-spacing:.005625rem}.cg_f time:only-child{flex-basis:100%;text-align:center}.cg_f time .x_e_s{margin:0 .375rem;color:#757575}.cg_f .btn{padding:.1875rem .5rem .125rem}.cg_f .btn-xpr{padding-left:1.125rem;background-image:url(https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/images/sections/el-pais-expres/expres_clock.svg),url(https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/images/sections/el-pais-expres/expres_chevron.svg);background-position:left center,right center;background-repeat:no-repeat;font-weight:500;display:none}.tpl-h .cg .cs{padding-top:0;display:none}.tpl-h .cg .cs_m{justify-content:center;grid-column:1/13;border-bottom:.0625rem solid #4a4a4a}.tpl-h .cg .cs_m a{padding:.9375rem .5625rem}.tpl-h .cg .cs_m a:after{display:none}.tpl-h .cg .cs_m a[href="https://elpais.com/expres"],.tpl-h .cg .cs_m a[href="https://elpais.com/expres/"]{background:#1eb0fc;color:#fff;font-weight:700;border-radius:57px;padding:.3125rem .5625rem;display:flex;align-self:center;margin-left:.875rem;position:relative}.tpl-h .cg .cs_m a[href="https://elpais.com/expres"]:before,.tpl-h .cg .cs_m a[href="https://elpais.com/expres/"]:before{content:"";height:43px;width:1px;background:#efefef;position:absolute;left:-.875rem;top:-.625rem}.icon_portal_login_user{width:100%;max-width:1rem}.x-ph{min-height:3.25rem}.me{visibility:hidden;pointer-events:none;z-index:-1}.me--a{z-index:1060;visibility:visible;pointer-events:auto}.me--a .btn-fl .icon_arrow_down{visibility:visible}.ed ul{text-transform:uppercase;flex-direction:column}.ed ul li{margin:0}.ed a{position:relative;padding-left:1.25rem;display:block;line-height:1.5rem;font-size:11px}.ed a:before{content:"";position:absolute;border-radius:100%;display:block;left:0;top:.375rem;width:.75rem;height:.75rem;background-color:#f2f2f2;border:0}.ed_c{font-weight:900}.ed_c a:after{content:"";position:absolute;border-radius:100%;display:block;left:.1875rem;top:.5625rem;width:.375rem;height:.375rem;background-color:#00b1ff;border:0}.ed_l{list-style:none;background:rgba(239,239,239,.5);position:inherit;display:block;box-shadow:inherit;border-radius:0;width:auto;padding:.375rem .875rem;margin:.25rem 0}.ed_l li{padding:0}.ed_l li:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.ed_l li a:before{content:"";position:absolute;border-radius:100%;display:block;left:0;top:.3125rem;width:.75rem;height:.75rem;background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #ededed}.ed_l li a span{text-transform:capitalize}.mc_bg{z-index:1040;height:100vh;width:100%;background-color:#0003;top:0;left:0;right:0}.mc_bg .mca{background:#fff;width:95%;height:20.625rem;position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%);z-index:1030;box-shadow:0 .0625rem .25rem #0000004d;border-radius:.25rem;text-align:center;font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;border-top:.375rem solid #e8120b}.mc_bg .mca_c{right:1.25rem;top:1.25rem;z-index:1051;width:1rem;height:1rem}.mc_bg .mca_c svg{stroke:#0000}.mc_bg .mca .btn{padding:.5rem 0;color:#fff;font-size:.75rem;margin:0 .3125rem;min-width:8.4375rem}.mc_bg .mca_e{font-family:MajritTx,serif;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.375rem;color:#000;margin:3.75rem auto 1.125rem;font-weight:600;width:17.8125rem;text-transform:uppercase}.mc_bg .mca_e span{color:#e8120b;display:block}.mc_bg .mca_ts{font-size:.875rem;line-height:1.125rem;color:#111;margin:0 auto 1.875rem;width:15.9375rem}.al{font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;background-color:#fff}.al_f{border-bottom:.0625rem solid #efefef;padding-top:1.25rem;padding-bottom:.625rem;align-items:flex-start}.al_t{background-color:#016ca2;padding:.125rem 1.25rem;border-radius:.125rem;color:#fff;font-size:.6875rem;letter-spacing:.00625rem;text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:700;text-wrap:nowrap}.al_t-u{background-color:#e8120b}.al_t-u div{position:relative;width:-moz-max-content;width:max-content}.al_t-u div:after{content:"";font-size:.625rem;position:absolute;top:.0625rem;right:-.5rem;width:.25rem;height:.25rem;z-index:4;border-radius:50%;background:#fff;animation:blink 1s infinite}.al_txt{padding-left:.625rem;font-size:.875rem;line-height:1rem}.ek{font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;margin-top:.625rem}.ek a{color:inherit}.ek_f{background-color:#efefef;align-items:stretch;align-content:stretch;position:relative}.ek_f:after{content:"";position:absolute;right:0;top:0;height:100%;width:30px;background:linear-gradient(90deg,hsla(0,0%,100%,0),hsla(0,0%,100%,0))}.ek_t{background:#016ca2;font-size:.625rem;font-weight:700;color:#fff;padding:0 .75rem;letter-spacing:.1px;align-items:center;text-transform:uppercase;white-space:nowrap}.ek_txt{padding:.75rem;font-size:.8125rem;overflow-wrap:anywhere;line-height:1rem;white-space:nowrap;overflow-x:scroll}.c{padding-bottom:1.125rem;margin-bottom:1.25rem;border-bottom:.0625rem solid #ebebeb;display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex-wrap:nowrap;position:relative}.c:last-of-type{border-bottom:none;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}.c_m{margin-bottom:.8125rem}.c_m_p{font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;font-size:.6875rem;line-height:.8125rem;text-align:right;padding:.25rem 0 .3125rem;color:#666}.c_m_p_a{padding-left:.125rem;letter-spacing:normal;color:#111;text-transform:uppercase}.c_m_p_a span{text-transform:none}.c_m_i{fill:#fff;width:15%;bottom:.75rem;left:.75rem}.c_m_i_pa{left:auto;right:.625rem}.c_m_c-v{overflow:hidden}.c .c_h{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.c_k{font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;font-size:.6875rem;line-height:.75rem;margin-bottom:.4375rem;display:inline-block;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:.01125rem;text-transform:uppercase}.c_kg_n{background:#000;color:#fff;font-size:.6875rem;line-height:1.1875rem;padding:0 .1875rem;font-weight:400;font-family:sans-serif}.c_k-l{color:#e8120b;font-weight:700;position:relative}.c_k-l:after{content:"";font-size:.625rem;position:relative;display:inline-block;top:-.4375rem;right:-.125rem;width:.1875rem;height:.1875rem;z-index:4;border-radius:50%;background:#e8120b;animation:blink 1s infinite}.c_k-r:before{background:#016ca2}.c_k-s:before{background:#f7cf3c}.c_k-r:before,.c_k-s:before{content:"";display:inline-block;width:10px;height:10px;border-radius:5px;margin-right:5px;bottom:-1px}.c_t{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.4375rem;letter-spacing:-.018125rem;font-weight:700;margin:0 0 .75rem}.c_t-r a{font-weight:400;font-family:MajritTxRoman,serif}.c_t_i{top:.0625rem}.c_t-xl,.c_t-xxl{line-height:1.2!important}.c_t-lg{line-height:1.1!important}.c_t-sm{line-height:1!important}.c_t-xs{line-height:.9!important}.c_t-xxs{line-height:.7!important}.c--st .c_t{margin-bottom:.4375rem}.c_st{font-weight:400;font-family:MajritTxRoman,serif;margin:0 0 .75rem}.c_a{font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;font-size:.6875rem;line-height:.875rem;text-transform:uppercase;color:#666}.c_a_l{color:inherit;text-transform:none}.c_a_vr{padding:0 .125rem}.c_d{font-family:MajritTxRoman,serif;font-size:.9375rem;line-height:1.1875rem;color:#4a4a4a;margin:.5rem 0 0}.c_ap{margin-top:1.125rem;text-align:left}.c_r{text-align:left;font-size:.8125rem;line-height:1.125rem;font-weight:700;margin-top:1.0625rem}.c_r_i{padding-left:2.0625rem;position:relative}.c_r_i:nth-child(n+2){margin-top:.1875rem}.c_r_i:before{content:"";width:1.5625rem;height:.0625rem;background:#111;display:inline-block;position:absolute;top:.4375rem;left:0}.c_r_v{background-size:.875rem .875rem;width:.875rem;height:.875rem;fill:#000;vertical-align:top;margin-right:.25rem;text-indent:200%;display:inline-block;overflow:hidden}.c_r_s{width:1.0625rem;height:1.0625rem;top:-.0625rem;margin-right:.25rem;display:inline-block;vertical-align:top}.c_r_k{text-transform:uppercase;font-size:.6875rem;position:relative;padding-right:.3125rem;margin-right:.1875rem}.c_r_k:after{content:"|";position:absolute;top:-.1875rem;right:0}.c_r_k-l{color:#e8120b;margin-right:.1875rem;font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif}.c_r_k-l:after{animation:blink 1s infinite;background-color:#ff3f00;border-radius:.2rem;content:"";height:.1875rem;width:.1875rem;top:.0625rem;right:0}.c_l{margin-top:1.125rem}.c_l .lbf{margin:0}.c-r .c_t{font-weight:400;font-family:MajritTx,serif}.kg{text-indent:-624.9375rem;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;height:1.625rem}.kg-editorial{text-indent:0;white-space:unset;font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;font-size:.625rem;line-height:1.625rem;margin-bottom:0;display:inline-block;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:.01125rem;text-transform:uppercase;vertical-align:top}.c-o .c_t{font-style:italic}.c-h .c_m{order:5}.c-st .c_kg,.c--m-n .c_kg{margin-bottom:.5rem}.c_t-xxl a{font-size:125%;line-height:1.1}.c_t-xl a{font-size:120%;line-height:1.1}.c_t-lg a{font-size:110%;line-height:1.1}.c_t-sm a{font-size:90%;line-height:1.1}.c_t-xs a{font-size:80%;line-height:1.1}.c_t-xxs a{font-size:75%;line-height:1.1}.c_t-i{font-style:italic}.c-ec{container-type:inline-size;container-name:card-vineta;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr 1fr;grid-column-gap:var(--grid-column-gap);grid-auto-rows:min-content}.c-ec .c_h{grid-column:1/4;order:9}.c-ec .c_m{grid-column:1/4;order:10;max-width:6.125rem}@container card-vineta (min-width: 220px){.c-ec .c_h{grid-column:1/3;order:0}.c-ec .c_m{grid-column:3;order:6}}.c--c{text-align:center}.c--c .kg{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.c_t_i{width:1.0625rem;height:1.0625rem;bottom:-.0625rem;margin-right:.25rem;position:relative;display:inline-block}.c_t_i-v{background:url(https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/images/v2/ico-play.svg) no-repeat}.c_rcp{margin-top:1.5rem}.c_rcp .c_rcp_d{font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;font-size:.875rem;line-height:.875rem;letter-spacing:.00375rem;color:#0006}:lang(es-US) .tpl-h-us .c_t_i-s{display:none}.mw,.z-fo{padding-top:.0625rem;padding-bottom:.0625rem}.mw{background:#fff}.b{margin-top:2.5rem;clear:both}.b_h{border-top:.5rem solid #000;border-bottom:.0625rem solid #000;justify-content:space-between;align-items:flex-end;margin-bottom:1.25rem}.b_hr{border-bottom:double #000;grid-column:1/13;margin-top:calc(var(--grid-column-gap)/2)}.b_hr-s{border-bottom:.5rem solid #000}.b_hr-s-b{border-bottom:double #4a4a4a}.c:last-of-type+.w{margin-top:1.25rem;border-top:.0625rem solid #ebebeb;padding-top:1.25rem}.w+.c{margin-top:1.25rem}.b_h_w{flex:1 0 auto}.b_h_w:after{content:"";width:90%;max-width:13.125rem;height:.1875rem;background:#000;display:block;position:absolute;bottom:0;left:0}.b_h_w .btn{padding:0;vertical-align:sub}.b_h_w .btn svg{width:1.5rem;fill:#000}.b_h_t{font-weight:900;font-size:1.375rem;line-height:1.375rem;letter-spacing:-.034375rem;color:#222;padding-bottom:.9375rem;padding-top:1.125rem;display:inline-block}.b_h_m{text-transform:uppercase;font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;display:none}.b_h_m-o{position:absolute;z-index:1;box-sizing:border-box;background:#fff;box-shadow:0 .0625rem .25rem #0000004d,0 .125rem 1.5rem #00000017;transform:translateZ(0);left:0;width:100%;display:block;top:100%;padding:2.875rem 2.5rem;font-size:.75rem;line-height:1.375rem}.b_h_m-o a{display:block}.b_h_m-o .btn-c{display:block;width:2.0625rem;height:auto}.b_h_m .btn-c{top:.5rem;right:.5rem}.b_h .btn{margin-bottom:.4375rem;margin-left:.5rem}.b_h .btn-i{margin:0}.b_h .btn-l{color:#e8120b;position:relative}.b_h .btn-l:after{position:absolute;animation:blink 1s infinite;background-color:#e8120b;border-radius:.2rem;content:"";height:.1875rem;width:.1875rem;top:.4375rem;right:.1875rem}.b_h .btn-res{padding-right:1.375rem;background:url(https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/images/sections/elecciones-brasil/resultados.svg) right center no-repeat}.b_h_sp{padding-bottom:.625rem;text-align:right;margin-left:.9375rem}.b_h_sp_l{text-transform:uppercase;font-size:.5rem;line-height:.625rem;font-family:arial,sans-serif}.b_h_sp_n{min-width:2rem;height:2rem;text-indent:200%;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden}.b_h_k{font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;font-size:.625rem;line-height:.75rem;display:block;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:.01125rem;text-transform:uppercase;float:right;padding:.625rem 0 1rem .625rem}.b_h_k-s:before,.b_h_k-r:before{content:"";width:.6875rem;height:.6875rem;border-radius:.6875rem;display:inline-block;margin-right:.375rem;margin-right:.3125rem;position:relative;bottom:-.125rem}.b_h_k-s:before{background:#f7cf3c}.b_h_k-r:before{background:#00aeff}.b_row-2 .c{grid-column:span 2}.b ._g-o{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}.z_hr{margin-top:1.875rem}.b_cnb .c{border-bottom:none;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}.b_chi .c:first-of-type .c_t{margin-bottom:1.375rem}.b_chi .c:first-of-type .c_kg{margin-bottom:.5rem}.b_chi .c:first-of-type .c_st{margin-bottom:2.25rem}.b_chi .c:first-of-type.c--st .c_t{margin-bottom:1rem}.b_chi .c-d:first-of-type.c--m-n.c--c{display:block}.b_chi .c-d:first-of-type.c--m-n.c--c .c_a,.b_chi .c-d:first-of-type.c--m-n.c--c .c_d{text-align:center}.b_st{border-top:.0625rem solid #ebebeb;margin-top:1.25rem;padding-top:1.25rem}.b_sb{padding-bottom:1.25rem}.b_row-xs>.c:nth-of-type(n+2),.b_row-xs>.b_col:nth-of-type(n+2){position:relative}.b_row-xs>.c:nth-of-type(n+2):before,.b_row-xs>.b_col:nth-of-type(n+2):before{content:"";height:100%;width:1px;background:#dedede;left:calc(var(--grid-column-gap)/2 - var(--grid-column-gap));top:0;position:absolute}.z-bn:first-of-type,.z-hi:first-of-type{padding-top:1rem}.z-bn:first-of-type style:first-child+.b,.z-bn:first-of-type .b:first-child,.z-hi:first-of-type style:first-child+.b,.z-hi:first-of-type .b:first-child{margin-top:0}.z-bn:first-of-type style:first-child+.b .b_h,.z-bn:first-of-type .b:first-child .b_h,.z-hi:first-of-type style:first-child+.b .b_h,.z-hi:first-of-type .b:first-child .b_h{padding-top:0}.b-bn+.b-d{margin-top:3.75rem}.b-bn+.b-d:before{content:"";display:block;width:calc(100% - 44px);margin:0 auto;border-top:.0625rem solid #eee;position:absolute;left:1.375rem;top:-1.875rem}.b-d_a:first-of-type .c:first-of-type .c_t,.b-d_b:first-of-type .c:first-of-type .c_t{font-size:1.875rem;line-height:2rem;letter-spacing:-.0675rem}.b-d_a:first-of-type .c:first-of-type .c_t_i,.b-d_b:first-of-type .c:first-of-type .c_t_i{top:-.1875rem}.b-d_a:first-of-type .c_t{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.4375rem;letter-spacing:-.018125rem}.b-d_a:first-of-type .c_t_i{top:.0625rem}.b-d_b .c:first-of-type .c_t{font-size:1.625rem;line-height:1.875rem;letter-spacing:-.0375rem}.b-d_b .c:first-of-type .c_t_i{top:-.0625rem}.b-d_b:first-child:before{display:none}.b_col-o{padding-top:0;border-top:none}.b_col-o .c_t{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.375rem;letter-spacing:-.025rem}.b_col-o .c_t_i{top:.125rem}.b_row-o .c:not(.c-ec) .c_kg,.b_row-o .c:not(.c-ace) .c_kg{order:0}.b_row-o .c:not(.c-ec) .c_h,.b_row-o .c:not(.c-ec) .c_d,.b_row-o .c:not(.c-ace) .c_h,.b_row-o .c:not(.c-ace) .c_d{order:5}.b_row-o .c:not(.c-ec) .c_a,.b_row-o .c:not(.c-ace) .c_a{order:15;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0}.b_row-o .c:not(.c-ec) .c_a~.c_ap,.b_row-o .c:not(.c-ace) .c_a~.c_ap{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.625rem}.b_row-o .c:not(.c-ec) .c_ap,.b_row-o .c:not(.c-ace) .c_ap{order:7}.b_row-o .c:not(.c-ec) .c_r,.b_row-o .c:not(.c-ec) .c_l,.b_row-o .c:not(.c-ace) .c_r,.b_row-o .c:not(.c-ace) .c_l{order:20}.b_row-o .c--c .c_a{justify-content:center}.b_row-o .c_d{margin-bottom:.9375rem}.c-ec .c_kg,.c-ec .c_a,.c-ec .c_r,.c-ec .c_d{display:none}.b_col-h .c_d{font-size:.875rem;line-height:1.0625rem}.b-d-sv .b-d_d .c_t{font-family:MajritTx,serif;font-weight:500;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.1875rem;letter-spacing:-.01125rem}.b-d-sv+.b-fr .b_st{border-top-color:#000}.b-bn+.b-co{margin-top:6.25rem}.b-bn+.b-co:before{content:"";display:block;width:calc(100% - 44px);margin:0 auto;border-top:.0625rem solid #eee;position:absolute;left:1.375rem;top:-1.875rem}.b-co_a.b_chi .c:first-of-type .c_t{font-size:2.25rem;line-height:2.375rem;letter-spacing:-.071875rem}.b-co_a.b_chi .c:first-of-type .c_t_i{top:-.1875rem}.b-co_a.b_chi .c:first-of-type .c_t-lg .c_t_i{top:-.25rem}.b-co_a.b_chi .c.c-m:first-of-type .c_t{font-size:1.875rem;line-height:2rem;letter-spacing:-.07187rem;margin-bottom:.75rem}.b-co>.b_row:first-of-type{grid-row:1/10;padding-top:0;margin-top:0;border-top:unset}.b_col-o .c_st{font-size:.875rem;line-height:1.0625rem}.b-bn .b-bn_a .c_st{font-size:1.1875rem;line-height:1.5rem;letter-spacing:-.005625rem}.b-bn .b-bn_a .c_t{font-size:2rem;line-height:2.0625rem;letter-spacing:-.071875rem}.b-bn .b-bn_a .c_t_i{top:-.1875rem}.b-bn .b-bn_a .c-st{grid-template-columns:repeat(12,1fr)}.b-bn .b-bn_a .c-st .c_kg,.b-bn .b-bn_a .c-st .c_h{grid-column:1/13}.b-bn .b-bn_a .c-st .c_m{grid-column:1/7}.b-bn .b-bn_a .c-st .c_a,.b-bn .b-bn_a .c-st .c_d,.b-bn .b-bn_a .c-st .c_ap,.b-bn .b-bn_a .c-st .c_l,.b-bn .b-bn_a .c-st .c_r{grid-column:7/13}.b-bn_c .b-bn_a .c{border-bottom:unset}[id^=UIModule_audio_].commonmm_sonExpand,[id^=UISkin_audio].commonmm_sonExpand{position:static}.c_ar{display:flex;box-sizing:border-box;align-items:flex-end;justify-content:center;height:100%;width:100%}.c_ar_t{display:flex;background:#fff;border-radius:8px;box-shadow:0 0 24px #0000001a;font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;padding:.75rem 1.875rem;justify-content:center;align-items:center;width:100%}.c_ar_t p{font-size:.6875rem;line-height:.8125rem;margin:0;font-weight:400;flex-basis:auto;margin-right:.625rem}.c_ar_t .btn{text-transform:uppercase;font-size:.625rem;font-weight:800;border-radius:4px;align-self:baseline;padding-left:.3125rem;padding-right:.3125rem;display:inline-table}.c_ar_t .btn.btn-2{background:#f0d05a;color:#000}.a .c_ar{height:auto}.a .c_ar_t{padding:.75rem}.posicionador{display:block;position:relative;height:100%;width:100%}.videoTop{width:100%;height:100%;position:absolute;left:0;top:0}.ph-v_b{width:100%;bottom:0;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%);pointer-events:none;padding:.75rem;text-align:left;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:74.9375rem;z-index:1010;display:flex}.ph-v_p{flex:0 0 15%;max-width:6rem;height:auto;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center}.ph-v_c{font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;color:#fff;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;padding-left:.9375rem;box-sizing:border-box;flex:1}.ph-v_d{background:#000;font-size:.6875rem;line-height:.6875rem;padding:.125rem .25rem;letter-spacing:-.01875rem;position:absolute;bottom:0;right:0;display:inline-block}.ph-v_t{font-weight:700;font-size:.875rem;line-height:.895rem;text-shadow:2px 4px 3px rgba(0,0,0,.3)}._rt-9x16.c_m_c-v,._rt-9x16.a_m_c-v{border-radius:4px;overflow:hidden}.videoTop:has(div.c_vr){height:100%}.c_vr{display:flex;background:#f1efef;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0 .9375rem .9375rem;align-items:flex-end;justify-content:center;height:100%;width:100%}.c_vr_t{display:flex;background:#fff;border-radius:8px;box-shadow:0 0 24px #0000001a;font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;padding:.75rem;justify-content:center;align-items:center}.c_vr_t p{font-size:.6875rem;line-height:.8125rem;margin:0;font-weight:400;flex-basis:auto;margin-right:.625rem}.c_vr_t .btn{text-transform:uppercase;font-size:.625rem;font-weight:800;border-radius:4px;align-self:baseline;padding-left:.3125rem;padding-right:.3125rem;display:inline-table}.c_vr_t .btn.btn-2{background:#f0d05a;color:#000}.a .c_vr_t{width:100%}.a ._rt-9x16 .c_vr_t{padding:.75rem}.b-m .b_h+.b_hr-s{display:none}.b-m .c-m .c_tx{padding-top:1.0625rem}.b-m .c-m .c_t{font-size:1.875rem;line-height:2rem;letter-spacing:-.0675rem}.b-m .c-m .c_t_i{top:-.1875rem}.b-m .c-m .c_t-r a{font-family:MajritBn,serif}.b-m .c-d_t{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.4375rem;letter-spacing:-.018125rem;font-weight:600}.b-m .c-d.c--c .c_t{font-weight:700}.b-m .b_st{margin:1.25rem 0 0;padding-top:1.25rem}.b-m .b_hr-s-t{margin-bottom:1.25rem}.b-m .b_hr-s-b{border-bottom:double #4a4a4a;margin-top:2.5rem}.z-hi .b-m .b_hr-s-t{display:none}.z-hi .b-m .b_h{padding-top:0;border-top:0}.b-m+.z_hr{display:none}.c-m .c-t{margin-bottom:1.875rem}.c-m .c_t-r{font-family:MajritTx,serif;font-weight:400;font-size:1.875rem;line-height:2.125rem;letter-spacing:-.03125rem}.c-m .c_m{margin-bottom:0}.c-m-l .c_m{margin-top:1.25rem}.c-m-r .c_m{grid-column:5/13}.c-m-r .c_tx{grid-column:1/5}.b .c.c-vid>.c_m+.c_h>.c_t{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.0625rem;letter-spacing:-.005625rem;font-weight:700}.c-vid{container-type:inline-size;container-name:card-video;display:grid;grid-template-columns:100px 1fr;grid-column-gap:.8125rem}.c-vid .c_m{margin-bottom:0;grid-row:1/20}.c-vid .c_m_i{width:2.3125rem;inset:50% auto auto 50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%);margin:0}.c-vid .c_h{grid-row:1}.c-vid .c_t{margin-bottom:0}.c-vid .c_a{margin-top:.75rem;grid-row:2}@container card-video (max-width: 199px){.c_m{margin-bottom:.8125rem;grid-column:1/3}.c_h{grid-column:1/3}}.z>style:first-child+.b-cb{margin-top:0}.b-cb{margin-bottom:2.5rem}.b-cb+.b{margin-top:2.5rem}.b-cb_b{border-bottom:double;padding-bottom:.625rem}.b-cb .b_h{margin-bottom:0;border-top:unset}.b-cb .b_h_sc{margin:0;align-items:baseline}.b-cb .b_h_t{font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-size:.875rem;box-sizing:border-box;text-transform:uppercase;padding-bottom:.5625rem;letter-spacing:.008125rem}.b-cb .b_h_ul-tr{display:none}.b-cb-k{margin-bottom:2.5rem}.b-cb-k .b_h{padding-top:0;border-top:0}.b-cb-k .b_h_w{text-align:center}.b-cb-k .b_h_w:after{display:none}.b-cb-k .b_h_t{padding-top:0;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.4375rem;letter-spacing:-.0125rem;font-family:MajritTx,serif;font-weight:900;display:inline-block;text-align:center;border-bottom:4px solid #000}.b-cb-k a.b_h_t{position:relative}.b-cb-k a.b_h_t:after{content:">";display:inline;position:relative;left:7px;top:1px}.scb{border-bottom:.0625rem solid #efefef;padding-bottom:1.875rem}.scb_ch{border-bottom:.0625rem solid #4a4a4a;padding-bottom:.5625rem;margin-bottom:1.25rem;position:relative;font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;font-size:.6875rem;color:#000;letter-spacing:-.00625rem;text-transform:uppercase}.scb_ch:after{content:"";height:.125rem;width:calc(75% - .3rem);position:absolute;bottom:0;left:0;background:#000}.scb_ch a{font-weight:900;margin-left:auto;position:relative;margin-right:.5rem}.scb_ch a.scb_ch_prv{color:#016ca2}.scb_ch a.scb_ch_prv:after{content:"";position:absolute;top:.0625rem;right:-.5rem;width:.25rem;height:.625rem;background-color:#016ca2;-webkit-mask-image:url(https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/images/v2/ico-single-angle-right.svg);mask-image:url(https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/images/v2/ico-single-angle-right.svg);-webkit-mask-size:.25rem .625rem;mask-size:.25rem .625rem}.scb_ch a.scb_ch_liv{color:#e8120b}.scb_ch a.scb_ch_liv:after{content:"";font-size:.625rem;position:absolute;top:.0625rem;right:-.5rem;width:.25rem;height:.25rem;z-index:4;border-radius:50%;background:#e8120b;animation:blink 1s infinite}.scb_fab{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);grid-column-gap:1.3125rem}.scb_fab_hom{grid-column:1/2;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);justify-items:center;grid-template-rows:auto auto 1fr}.scb_fab_sco{grid-column:2/4;justify-self:center;align-self:center;width:100%;text-align:center}.scb_fab_sco .sco_con{display:flex;justify-content:space-evenly}.scb_fab_sco .sco_con_pts{font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;font-weight:900;font-size:1.25rem;color:#222;letter-spacing:-.03125rem;border-radius:.25rem;box-shadow:0 .0625rem .1875rem #0000004d,0 .0625rem .1875rem #00000017;transform:translateZ(0);width:2.375rem;height:2.375rem;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}.scb_fab_sco .fab_sco_sta{margin-top:.9375rem;font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;font-weight:900;font-size:.625rem;color:#4a4a4a;text-transform:uppercase}.scb_fab_sco .fab_sco_pen{width:1.1875rem;height:1.1875rem;font-size:.75rem;margin:.5rem .9375rem 0;font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;font-weight:900;color:#4a4a4a;border-radius:.25rem;box-shadow:0 .0625rem .1875rem #0000001f,0 .0625rem .125rem #00000017;transform:translateZ(0)}.scb_fab_awa{grid-column:4/5;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);justify-items:center;align-content:baseline}.scb_fab_awa .scb_fab_tea{text-align:right;justify-self:right}.scb_fab_awa .scb_fab_pla{justify-self:right;text-align:right}.scb_fab_tea{grid-row:1;grid-column:1/4;border-bottom:.0625rem solid #efefef;width:200%;justify-self:start;font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;font-weight:900;font-size:.75rem;color:#222;letter-spacing:-.01875rem;text-transform:uppercase;padding-bottom:.1875rem}.scb_fab_esc{grid-row:2;grid-column:1/3;width:3.9375rem;height:3.9375rem;margin:1.25rem 0 1.5rem}.scb_fab_pla{grid-row:3;grid-column:1/3;font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;font-size:.625rem;color:#111;justify-self:left}.scb_fab_pla span{display:block;margin-bottom:.375rem}.scb .scb_ten{font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;font-weight:900}.scb .scb_ten_pla{width:100%;margin-bottom:1.25rem;align-items:center;text-transform:uppercase}.scb .scb_ten_pln{font-size:.6875rem;color:#222;letter-spacing:-.0175rem;line-height:.875rem}.scb .scb_ten_pts span{font-size:.625rem;color:#000;letter-spacing:0;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;width:1.6875rem;height:1.6875rem;margin:0 .25rem;border-radius:.25rem;box-shadow:0 .0625rem .1875rem #0000001f,0 .0625rem .125rem #00000017;transform:translateZ(0)}.scb .scb_ten_pts span.act{border:.125rem solid #016ca2;box-sizing:border-box}.scb .scb_ten.dou .scb_ten_pln{border-right:.0625rem solid #efefef;position:relative;padding-bottom:0;line-height:1.25rem}.scb .scb_ten.dou .scb_ten_pln span{display:block;word-wrap:break-word}.scb .scb_ten.dou .scb_ten_pln span:first-child{margin-bottom:.9375rem}.scb .scb_ten.dou .scb_ten_pln:after{content:"-";position:absolute;top:40%;right:-.3125rem;color:#efefef}.scb_ten{grid-column:1/5}.scb_ten_pln{width:20%}.scb_ten_ico{width:10%;height:1rem;text-align:right;background-position:top center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:1rem}.scb_ten_ico.act{background-image:url(https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/images/v2/tenisball.svg)}.scb_ten_ico.win{background-image:url(https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/images/v2/tenischeck.svg)}.scb_ten_pts{width:66%}.scb_ten.dou .scb_ten_pln{width:22%;padding-right:.3125rem;margin-right:.8125rem}.scb.scb-bkb .scb_fab_pla,.scb.scb-bkb .scb_fab_sco .fab_sco_pen{display:none}.scb.scb-bkb .scb_fab_sco .sco_con_pts{width:2.125rem;padding:.875rem 1.25rem}.z>.sbc,.z>.scr-hdr{margin-top:2.5rem;clear:both}.z>.sbc__scr,.z>.scr-hdr__scr{padding-top:0}.z:first-of-type>script:first-child+.sbc,.z:first-of-type>.scr-hdr:first-child{margin-top:0}.sbc+.b,.scr-hdr+.b{margin-top:2.5rem}.scr-hdr{container:scoreboard/inline-size;position:relative;background:#fff;margin-bottom:.9375rem;font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;padding:0}.scr-hdr abbr[title]{text-decoration:none}.scr-hdr__hdl{text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#666;padding:.4375rem 0 .4375rem .625rem;border-bottom:.0625rem solid #efefef}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__hdl{text-align:center;font-size:.875rem;padding:.875rem 0}}.scr-hdr__info{position:relative;display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;order:2;width:0}.scr-hdr__wb{display:block;white-space:nowrap;font-size:.9375rem;line-height:1rem;color:#000;font-weight:700}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__wb{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:2rem}}.scr-hdr__tv{order:25;padding-top:.3125rem}.scr-hdr__date,.scr-hdr__tv{display:block;white-space:nowrap;font-size:.75rem;line-height:.9375rem;color:#666}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__date,.scr-hdr__tv{font-size:.8125rem}}.scr-hdr__hour{display:inline-block;position:relative;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.625rem;font-weight:700;color:#111;margin-top:.3125rem}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__hour{font-size:2.25rem;line-height:2rem}}.scr-hdr__cest{font-size:.75rem;line-height:.875rem;cursor:help;display:block;border:0;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__cest{position:absolute;left:calc(100% + 5px);bottom:-8px;font-size:11px;line-height:inherit}}.scr-hdr__status{margin-top:0}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__status{display:flex;flex-direction:column;margin-top:0}}.scr-hdr__status__val{font-size:.75rem;color:#111;font-weight:700;order:15}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__status__val{font-size:.875rem}}.scr-hdr__status__txt{font-size:.75rem;line-height:.9375rem;white-space:nowrap;order:1;color:#111;text-decoration:none;font-weight:700}.scr-hdr__prg{width:3.375rem;height:.25rem;margin-bottom:10px;display:block;background-color:#ddd;border-radius:2px;overflow:hidden;order:10;display:none}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__prg{border-radius:3px;height:8px;width:35px;margin:15px auto 10px;display:block}}.scr-hdr__prg__bar{background:#7ad5ff;width:100%;height:100%;transform-origin:left}.scr-hdr__team{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;position:relative;flex:0 0 calc(50% - 20px)}@container scoreboard (min-width: 600px){.scr-hdr__team{flex:0 0 calc(50% - 40px)}}.scr-hdr__team.is-local{padding-right:0;order:1;text-align:left}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__team.is-local{text-align:left;padding-right:0}}.scr-hdr__team.is-local .scr-hdr__score{right:0}.scr-hdr__team.is-local .scr-hdr__scorers{left:90px;text-align:left}.scr-hdr__team.is-visitor{padding-left:0;order:3;align-items:flex-end;text-align:right}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__team.is-visitor{padding-left:0}}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__team.is-visitor .scr-hdr__team__name{padding-right:20px;padding-left:0}}.scr-hdr__team.is-visitor .scr-hdr__team__wr{flex-direction:column}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__team.is-visitor .scr-hdr__team__wr{flex-direction:row-reverse}}.scr-hdr__team.is-visitor .scr-hdr__score{left:0;right:auto}.scr-hdr__team.is-visitor .scr-hdr__scorers{right:90px;text-align:right}.scr-hdr__team__wr{display:flex;align-items:center;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;min-height:65px}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__team__wr{flex-direction:row;min-height:50px;height:70px;justify-content:flex-start;width:100%}}.scr-hdr__team__logo{width:50px;height:50px;display:block;padding:0;margin-bottom:10px}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__team__logo{width:70px;flex:0 0 70px;height:70px;padding:0;margin:0}}.scr-hdr__team__name{font-size:12px;line-height:16px;color:#111;font-weight:700;max-width:100%;min-height:auto}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__team__name{font-size:18px;line-height:34px;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;white-space:nowrap}}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__team__name:not(:first-child){padding-left:20px;max-width:calc(100% - 135px)}}.scr-hdr__team__name .name-short{display:none}.scr-hdr__score{position:absolute;min-width:2.25rem;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;top:.625rem;font-size:2.25rem;line-height:2.875rem;color:#111;font-weight:700}@container scoreboard (min-width: 400px){.scr-hdr__score{font-size:2.875rem}}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__score{font-size:3.75rem;line-height:3.75rem;top:0}}.scr-hdr__scr{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;position:relative;font-size:1rem;line-height:1;text-align:center;padding-bottom:.625rem;color:#666;flex-wrap:wrap}.scr-hdr__scr.is-postgame .scr-hdr__info:before{content:"";display:block;width:.75rem;height:.3125rem;background:#111;position:absolute;top:1.875rem}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__scr.is-postgame .scr-hdr__info:before{width:1.5625rem;height:.5rem;top:1.625rem}}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__scr.is-postgame .scr-hdr__info .scr-hdr__status__txt{font-size:.8125rem}}.is-pregame .scr-hdr__team{flex:0 0 calc(50% - 60px)}.sec-nav{max-width:100vw;flex:1 1 100%;margin-top:0}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.sec-nav{margin-top:1rem}}.sec-nav__ct{position:relative;overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:hidden;width:100%}.sec-nav__ct:after{content:"";position:relative;height:.3125rem;bottom:0;width:100%;display:block;background:#f7f7f7;border-top:.0625rem solid #efefef}.sec-nav__li{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start;color:#434343;text-transform:uppercase;line-height:3.125rem;height:3.125rem;font-size:.75rem;list-style-type:none;padding:0;margin:0}.sec-nav__li li{padding:0 .8125rem}.sec-nav__li li a{line-height:3.125rem;height:3.125rem;display:block;margin:0 -.9375rem;padding:0 .9375rem;position:relative;z-index:1}.sec-nav__li li .is-selected{border-bottom:.3125rem solid #111}.z>.scr-hdr{padding:0 1.25rem;margin:0 auto;box-sizing:border-box}.z>.scr-hdr .ct{border-bottom:.3125rem solid #f7f7f7}.z>.scr-hdr .scr-hdr__scr{border-bottom:.0625rem solid #efefef;padding-bottom:1.25rem}.z>.scr-hdr+.b{margin-top:2.5rem}.a_c .scr-hdr__sponsor .ad{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0}.a_c .is-basketball .scr-hdr__team.is-visitor .scr-hdr__team__wr{align-items:center}.a_c .is-basketball .scr-quarters{border-collapse:collapse;margin-bottom:.3125rem;margin-top:5rem}.a_c .is-basketball .scr-quarters tr{border-bottom:1px solid #dedede}.a_c .is-basketball .scr-quarters th{font-size:.75rem;padding:.3125rem}.a_c .is-basketball .scr-quarters td{font-size:.875rem;padding:.3125rem}.a_c .is-basketball .scr-quarters td.scr-quarters__team{color:#000}.a_c .is-basketball .scr-quarters td.is-winner{font-weight:700;color:#000}.scr-hdr__score .penal{font-size:16px;color:#111;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline;bottom:-5px;left:3px}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__score .penal{font-size:21px;left:5px}}.scr-hdr__scorers{margin-top:5px;max-width:100%;color:#666;font-size:12px;line-height:15px;max-width:90%}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__scorers{position:relative;margin-top:-20px;max-width:65%;font-size:13px;line-height:16px}}.scr-hdr__scorers>span{display:inline-block}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__scorers>span{margin-right:4px}}.scr-hdr__scorers>span:last-child{margin-right:0}.scr-hdr__scorers .red-card{background:url(https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/images/les/red-card_v2.svg) no-repeat;padding-left:16px;background-size:16px 16px;margin-left:-3px}.scr-hdr__tv,.scr-hdr__status__val{display:none}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__tv,.scr-hdr__status__val{display:block}}.is-winner{font-weight:700;color:#111}.scr-quarters{display:none;min-width:140px;margin-bottom:5px}.scr-quarters td,.scr-quarters th{padding:2px 4px;border-bottom:1px solid #dedede;font-size:.6875rem;line-height:.8125rem}.scr-quarters th{font-size:10px;line-height:12px;font-weight:700}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-quarters{display:table;order:10}}.scr-hdr:has(.scr-quarters) .scr-hdr__info:before{display:none}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr:has(.scr-quarters) .scr-hdr__status{text-align:center;display:contents}}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr:has(.scr-quarters) .scr-hdr__info{flex-direction:column}}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr:has(.scr-quarters) .scr-hdr__status__val{font-size:14px;line-height:16px;order:15}}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr:has(.scr-quarters) .scr-hdr__status__txt{white-space:nowrap;font-size:14px;line-height:16px;position:static;order:5;transform:unset}}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr:has(.scr-quarters) .scr-hdr__tv{order:25}}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr:has(.scr-quarters) .scr-hdr__team{flex:0 0 calc(50% - 90px)}}.scr-hdr:has(.scr-quarters) .scr-hdr__score{font-size:30px}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr:has(.scr-quarters) .scr-hdr__score{font-size:60px}}.scr-hdr__ln{flex:0 0 100%;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;flex-direction:row;border-top:.0625rem solid #efefef;padding:.5rem 0}.scr-hdr__ln+.scr-hdr__tv{position:absolute;top:.9375rem;left:0}.scr-hdr__ln .set{width:1.5625rem;font-size:.9375rem;line-height:.9375rem;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;color:#666}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__ln .set{font-size:1.75rem;line-height:1.75rem;width:2.8125rem}}.scr-hdr__ln .current{color:#016ca2;font-weight:700}.scr-hdr__ln .win{font-weight:700;color:#111}.scr-hdr__ln .world-rank{display:none}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__ln .world-rank{display:inline}}.scr-hdr__ln:first-child{justify-content:flex-end;padding-top:0;border-top:unset}.scr-hdr__ln:first-child .set{font-size:.75rem}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__ln:first-child .set{font-size:15x;line-height:.9375rem}}.scr-hdr__ln .scr-hdr__team__logo{width:2.125rem;height:auto;margin-bottom:0}.scr-hdr__ln .scr-hdr__team.is-visitor,.scr-hdr__ln .scr-hdr__team.is-local{flex-basis:unset;flex-grow:2;align-items:flex-start;order:unset}.scr-hdr__ln .scr-hdr__team.is-visitor .scr-hdr__team__name:not(:first-child),.scr-hdr__ln .scr-hdr__team.is-local .scr-hdr__team__name:not(:first-child){max-width:unset;padding-left:6px}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__ln .scr-hdr__team.is-visitor .scr-hdr__team__name:not(:first-child),.scr-hdr__ln .scr-hdr__team.is-local .scr-hdr__team__name:not(:first-child){padding-left:21px}}.scr-hdr__ln .scr-hdr__team.is-visitor .scr-hdr__team__wr,.scr-hdr__ln .scr-hdr__team.is-local .scr-hdr__team__wr{display:flex;flex-direction:row;min-height:unset;align-items:center}.scr-hdr__sets{display:flex}.scr-hdr__ln .ball{width:12px;height:12px;flex:0 0 12px;border-radius:100%;background-image:linear-gradient(to bottom,#e8fd09 1%,#d4e929);margin-left:10px;display:none}@container scoreboard (min-width: 768px){.scr-hdr__ln .ball{display:inline-flex}}.w{container:arc-widget/inline-size}@container arc-widget (min-width: 560px){.d_w_i_viz{min-height:560px}}@media (min-width: 768px){._g{grid-template-columns:repeat(8,1fr)}._g-md{display:grid}._g_c-md-1{grid-column-end:span 1}._g_c-md-2{grid-column-end:span 2}._g_c-md-3{grid-column-end:span 3}._g_c-md-4{grid-column-end:span 4}._g_c-md-5{grid-column-end:span 5}._g_c-md-6{grid-column-end:span 6}._g_c-md-7{grid-column-end:span 7}._g_c-md-8{grid-column-end:span 8}:root{--grid-column-gap: 1.8125rem;--grid-column-gap-justify: -1.8125rem;--grid-offset: 1.625rem;--grid-offset-justify: -1.625rem}._g{grid-column-gap:1.8125rem}._g-o{max-width:47.9375rem;padding-left:1.625rem;padding-right:1.625rem}.cs{padding-top:1.875rem}.cs_t{grid-column:1/9}.cs_t:after{width:12.8125rem}.cs_t_e{margin:0;font-size:1.75rem;line-height:1.75rem;letter-spacing:-.0375rem}.cs_t_l{height:70px;width:205px;background-size:auto 57px}.cs_m{grid-column:1/9}.cs_m:after{width:2rem}.cs_m .sm{padding-right:2rem}.cs_p{grid-column:1/9;grid-row:2;border-bottom:unset}.cs_p_n{height:32px;width:155px;background-size:auto 32px}.tpl-h .cs{padding-top:unset}.x-nf .x_w{padding-top:2rem;padding-bottom:2rem}.x_u{grid-column:6/9;grid-row:1}.x .btn-u{background:none;border-color:#f7cf3c;width:auto;position:relative}.x .btn-u:after{content:" \25be";display:inline-block;padding:0 .1875rem 0 1.25rem}.x .btn-u svg,.x .btn-u abbr{display:none}.x .btn-u span{display:block}.x-nf .ep_l{justify-content:center}.x-p .ep_l{grid-column:4/6}.x-p.x-f .x_ep{display:contents}.x_e{font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;font-size:.6875rem;line-height:1rem;align-items:center;grid-column:1/9}.x_e_s{color:#757575;padding:0 .3125rem}.x_e abbr{margin-left:.3125rem;text-align:center;min-width:1.6875rem;display:inline-block}.x .ed{height:1rem;position:relative;margin-left:.25rem}.x .ed>ul{position:absolute;top:-.3125rem;left:.3125rem;display:flex;box-shadow:0 .0625rem .25rem #0000001a;transform:translateZ(0);border-radius:.125rem;width:9.375rem;background-color:#fff;line-height:1.5rem}.x .ed>ul>li{padding:0 .625rem}.x .ed>ul>li:last-child{margin-bottom:.625rem}.x .ed li{display:none}.x .ed li.ed_a{order:0;font-weight:700;padding:0 .625rem;display:block}.x .ed li.ed_a b{text-transform:capitalize}.x .ed li.ed_a>a{cursor:default;pointer-events:none}.x .ed li.ed_a a{padding-left:0}.x .ed li.ed_a a:after{content:"";position:absolute;right:0;top:.5625rem;width:0;height:0;border-left:.3125rem solid rgba(0,0,0,0);border-right:.3125rem solid rgba(0,0,0,0);border-top:.3125rem solid #00aeff;transition:all .3s ease-out}.x .ed li.ed_a a:before{display:none}.x .ed li.ed_a .ed_l{display:none}.x .ed li.ed_c>a{cursor:default;pointer-events:none}.x .ed li.ed_c ul.ed_l li a:after{display:none}.x .ed li.ed_c ul.ed_l li a span{font-weight:inherit}.x-f .x_u{grid-column:6/9}.x-nf{box-shadow:none}.x-nf .x_e{display:flex;grid-column:1/6;grid-row:1}.x-nf .x_ep{grid-column:1/9;grid-row:2;display:contents}.x-nf .x_bh{grid-column:1/2;margin:1.25rem 0 0;display:flex;align-items:center}.x-nf .ep_l{grid-column:3/7;margin-top:1.25rem}.x-nf.x-p .ep_e{height:3.75rem;width:11.75rem;margin-top:0;display:flex;flex-direction:column}.x-nf.x-p .ep_e .ep_i{height:2.6875rem}.x-nf.x-p .ep_sl{display:block;height:.8125rem;width:auto;margin-top:.25rem}.x-nf.x-p .x_u .btn-2{display:block}.cg_f{display:none}.tpl-h .cg .cs{display:block}.tpl-h .cg .cs_m{position:relative}.tpl-h .cg .cs_m .sm{padding-right:0}.x-ph{min-height:8.9375rem}.tpl-h .x-ph{min-height:10.6875rem}.mc_bg .mca{width:36.5625rem;height:28.75rem}.mc_bg .mca .btn{min-width:12.5rem;padding:.625rem 0}.mc_bg .mca_e{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem;margin:6.5625rem auto 2.1875rem;width:19.375rem}.mc_bg .mca_ts{margin:0 auto 3.125rem;width:16.875rem}.al_f{align-items:stretch;align-content:center;display:flex;padding:1.25rem .625rem .75rem}.al_t{min-width:6.125rem;padding:.5rem;border-radius:.9375rem;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center}.al_txt{font-size:.875rem;line-height:1.0625rem;padding:.3125rem 0 .3125rem .625rem}.ek_f{padding:.625rem;align-items:stretch;align-content:center}.ek_t{padding:.5rem;justify-content:center;min-width:5.4375rem}.ek_txt{padding:.3125rem 0 .3125rem .9375rem;overflow-x:unset;white-space:unset}.c-h{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.c--m-m .c_m{display:none}.b{margin-top:2.5rem}.b_h{margin-bottom:2.5rem}.b_row-bt{border-top:.0625rem solid #dedede;padding-top:calc(var(--grid-column-gap)/2);margin-top:calc(var(--grid-column-gap)/2)}.b_h_t{font-size:1.625rem;line-height:1.625rem;letter-spacing:-.040625rem}.b_row-2-md .c{grid-column:span 4}.b_row-4-md .c{grid-column:span 2}.b_op .w,.b_op .raw_html{grid-column:1/7}.z_hr{margin-top:2.5rem}.b_cnb-md .c{border-bottom:none;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}.b_chi .c:first-of-type .c_t{margin-bottom:1.5rem}.b_chi .c:first-of-type .c_st{margin-bottom:1.5rem}.b_chi .c:first-of-type.c--st .c_t{margin-bottom:1.25rem}.b_chi .c-d:first-of-type{display:grid;grid-column-gap:var(--grid-column-gap);grid-template-columns:7fr 3fr;grid-template-rows:auto}.b_chi .c-d:first-of-type .c_kg{grid-column:1/3;grid-row:1}.b_chi .c-d:first-of-type .c_h{grid-column:1/3;grid-row:2}.b_chi .c-d:first-of-type .c_m{grid-column:1/3;grid-row:3}.b_chi .c-d:first-of-type .c_a{grid-column:1/3;grid-row:4;text-align:left;line-height:1.1875rem}.b_chi .c-d:first-of-type .c_d{grid-column:1/2;grid-row:5;text-align:left}.b_chi .c-d:first-of-type .c_d:last-child{grid-column:1/3}.b_chi .c-d:first-of-type .c_ap{grid-column:1/2;grid-row:6}.b_chi .c-d:first-of-type .c_l{grid-column:2/3;grid-row:5/9;margin-top:0}.b_chi .c-d:first-of-type .c_l .lbf{margin-top:0}.b_chi .c-d:first-of-type .c_r{grid-column:2/3;grid-row:5/9}.b_chi .c-d:first-of-type.c--m .c_d+.c_r,.b_chi .c-d:first-of-type.c--m .c_ap+.c_r{margin-top:0}.b_chi .c-d:first-of-type .c_l+.c_r{grid-column:1/2;grid-row:7}.b_st{margin-top:1.25rem;padding-top:1.25rem}.b_st-md{border-top:.0625rem solid #ebebeb;margin-top:1.25rem;padding-top:1.25rem}.b_st-r-md{border-top:unset;margin-top:unset;padding-top:unset}.b_sb{padding-bottom:2.5rem}.b_row-md>.c:nth-of-type(n+2),.b_row-md>.b_col:nth-of-type(n+2){position:relative}.b_row-md>.c:nth-of-type(n+2):before,.b_row-md>.b_col:nth-of-type(n+2):before{content:"";height:100%;width:1px;background:#dedede;left:calc(var(--grid-column-gap)/2 - var(--grid-column-gap));top:0;position:absolute}.z-bn:first-of-type style:first-child+.b,.z-bn:first-of-type .b:first-child,.z-hi:first-of-type style:first-child+.b,.z-hi:first-of-type .b:first-child{margin-top:0}.b-d>.b_op{grid-template-columns:repeat(6,1fr)}.b-d .b_op .c:only-of-type{border-bottom:none;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}.b-d .b_op-1-2 .c:first-of-type{grid-column:1/7}.b-d .b_op-1-2 .c:nth-of-type(n+2){grid-column:span 3;border-bottom:none;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}.b-d .b_op-1-2 .c:last-of-type{position:relative}.b-d .b_op-1-2 .c:last-of-type:before{content:"";height:100%;width:1px;background:#dedede;left:calc(var(--grid-column-gap)/2 - var(--grid-column-gap));top:0;position:absolute}.b-d .b_op-1-2.b-d_b:first-of-type .c:first-of-type:before{display:none}.b-d .b_op-1-1.b_op-1-1--fw .c--m:nth-of-type(2){display:block}.b-d .b_op-1-2 .c:nth-of-type(n+2) .c_t,.b-d .b_op-1-3 .c:nth-of-type(n+2) .c_t{font-size:16px;line-height:19px;letter-spacing:-.09px}.b-d .b_op-1-2 .c:nth-of-type(n+2) .c_t_i,.b-d .b_op-1-3 .c:nth-of-type(n+2) .c_t_i{top:.125rem}.b-d .b_op-1-3 .c:first-of-type{grid-column:1/7}.b-d .b_op-1-3 .c:nth-of-type(n+2),.b-d .b_op-3 .c{grid-column:span 2}.b-d .b_op-1-3 .c:nth-of-type(n+2){border-bottom:none;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}.b-d .b_op-1-3 .c:nth-of-type(n+3){position:relative}.b-d .b_op-1-3 .c:nth-of-type(n+3):before{content:"";height:100%;width:1px;background:#dedede;left:calc(var(--grid-column-gap)/2 - var(--grid-column-gap));top:0;position:absolute}.b-d .b_op-3 .c:nth-of-type(n+2){position:relative}.b-d .b_op-3 .c:nth-of-type(n+2):before{content:"";height:100%;width:1px;background:#dedede;left:calc(var(--grid-column-gap)/2 - var(--grid-column-gap));top:0;position:absolute}.b-d_a{grid-column:span 3}.b-d_b{grid-column:span 5}.b-d_a:first-of-type .c:first-of-type .c_t,.b-d_b:first-of-type .c:first-of-type .c_t{font-size:1.875rem;line-height:2rem;letter-spacing:-.0675rem}.b-d_b{position:relative}.b-d_b:before{content:"";height:100%;width:1px;background:#dedede;left:calc(var(--grid-column-gap)/2 - var(--grid-column-gap));top:0;position:absolute}.b-d_c,.b-d_d{grid-column:1/9}.b-d_c .c_t{font-size:1.625rem;line-height:1.875rem;letter-spacing:-.0375rem}.b-d_c .c_t_i{top:-.0625rem}.b-d_c .c-d{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);display:grid;grid-column-gap:var(--grid-column-gap)}.b-d_c .c-d .c_kg{margin-bottom:.5rem}.b-d_c .c-d .c_m{grid-column:2/3;grid-row:1/8;margin-bottom:0}.b-d_b+.b-d_a{position:relative}.b-d_b+.b-d_a:before{content:"";height:100%;width:1px;background:#dedede;left:calc(var(--grid-column-gap)/2 - var(--grid-column-gap));top:0;position:absolute}.b-co>.b_op{grid-template-columns:repeat(6,1fr)}.b-co .b_op .c:only-of-type{border-bottom:none;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}.b-co .b_op-1-1.b_op-1-1--fw .c--m:nth-of-type(2){display:block}.b-co .b_op-1-2 .c:nth-of-type(n+2) .c_t,.b-co .b_op-1-3 .c:nth-of-type(n+2) .c_t{font-size:16px;line-height:19px;letter-spacing:-.09px}.b-co .b_op-1-2 .c:nth-of-type(n+2) .c_t_i,.b-co .b_op-1-3 .c:nth-of-type(n+2) .c_t_i{top:.125rem}.b-co .b_op-1-3 .c:first-of-type{grid-column:1/7}.b-co .b_op-1-3 .c:nth-of-type(n+2),.b-co .b_op-3 .c{grid-column:span 2}.b-co .b_op-1-3 .c:nth-of-type(n+2){border-bottom:none;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}.b-co .b_op-1-3 .c:nth-of-type(n+3){position:relative}.b-co .b_op-1-3 .c:nth-of-type(n+3):before{content:"";height:100%;width:1px;background:#dedede;left:calc(var(--grid-column-gap)/2 - var(--grid-column-gap));top:0;position:absolute}.b-co .b_op-3 .c:nth-of-type(n+2){position:relative}.b-co .b_op-3 .c:nth-of-type(n+2):before{content:"";height:100%;width:1px;background:#dedede;left:calc(var(--grid-column-gap)/2 - var(--grid-column-gap));top:0;position:absolute}.b-co_a.b_chi .c:first-of-type .c_t{font-size:3.5rem;line-height:3.7625rem;letter-spacing:-.104375rem}.b-co_a.b_chi .c:first-of-type .c_t_i{top:-.625rem}.b-co_a.b_chi .c:first-of-type .c_t-lg .c_t_i{top:-.875rem}.b-co_a.b_chi .c-st:first-of-type .c_st{font-size:1.1875rem;line-height:1.5rem;letter-spacing:-.005625rem}.b-co>.b_row .b_col{grid-column:span 4}.b-co_c{position:relative}.b-co_c:before{content:"";height:100%;width:1px;background:#dedede;left:calc(var(--grid-column-gap)/2 - var(--grid-column-gap));top:0;position:absolute}.b-bn .b-bn_a .c.c--c .c_st{padding:0 var(--grid-8-1-column-content)}.b-bn .b-bn_a .c_t{font-size:2.875rem;line-height:3.125rem;letter-spacing:-.08625rem}.b-bn .b-bn_a .c_t_i{top:-.5rem}.a .c_ar{background:url(https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/images/v2/placeholder-audio-registro.svg) no-repeat;background-size:contain;height:120px;padding:0 1.875rem .9375rem;margin-bottom:.9375rem}.a .c_ar_t{padding:.9375rem}.ph-v_t{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.1875rem;letter-spacing:-.0125rem}.a .c_vr_t{padding:2.5rem}.b-m .c-m .c_t{font-size:2.5rem;line-height:2.625rem;letter-spacing:-.08625rem}.b-m .c-m .c_t-r{font-size:2.875rem;line-height:3.125rem;letter-spacing:-.03125rem}.b-m .c-m .c_t-r .c_t_i{top:-.5rem}.b-m .c-m-t .c_tx{padding:1.0625rem 2.25rem}.b-m .b_st{margin:1.25rem 0 0;padding-top:1.25rem;align-items:flex-start}.b-m .b_hr-s-t{margin-bottom:2.5rem}.b-m .b_hr-s-b,.z-hi .b-m_b{margin-top:2.5rem}.c-st{display:grid;grid-column-gap:var(--grid-column-gap);grid-template-columns:repeat(10,1fr);grid-template-rows:auto}.c-st .c_kg{grid-column:1/11;grid-row:1}.c-st .c_h{grid-column:1/11;grid-row:2}.c-st .c_m{grid-column:1/6;grid-row:3/40;margin-bottom:0}.c-st .c_a{grid-column:6/11;grid-row:3;text-align:left}.c-st .c_d{grid-column:6/11;grid-row:4;text-align:left}.c-st .c_ap{grid-column:6/11;grid-row:5}.c-st .c_l,.c-st .c_r{grid-column:6/11;grid-row:6}.c-m-l .c_tx,.c-m-r .c_tx{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.c-m-l.c--c .c_tx,.c-m-r.c--c .c_tx{justify-content:center}.c-m-l{display:grid}.c-m-l .c_m{grid-column:1/5;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0}.c-m-l .c_tx{grid-column:5/9}.c-m-l.c--c .c_t-r{margin-bottom:3.75rem}.c-m-l.c--c .c_a{margin-bottom:0}.b-cb .b_h_ul-tr{display:block;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:MarcinAntB,sans-serif;font-size:.6875rem;padding-bottom:.875rem}.b-cb .b_h_ul-tr+.btn-l{font-size:.6875rem;margin-left:0}.b-cb .b_h_ul-tr+.btn-l:before{content:"|";display:inline-flex;position:relative;left:-.5625rem;color:#000;pointer-events:none}.b-cb .b_h_ul-tr a{padding:.3125rem 0;margin:0 .5rem}.scb .scb_ten.dou .scb_ten_pln{border-right:0}.scb .scb_ten.dou .scb_ten_pln span{display:inline-block}.scb .scb_ten.dou .scb_ten_pln span:first-child{margin-bottom:0;position:relative;margin-right:.625rem;padding-right:.3125rem}.scb .scb_ten.dou .scb_ten_pln span:first-child:after{content:"|";position:absolute;top:-.125rem;right:-.3125rem}.scb .scb_ten.dou .scb_ten_pln:after{content:""}.scb_ch:after{width:14.6875rem}.scb_fab{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}.scb_fab_hom{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);grid-column:1;justify-items:normal}.scb_fab_tea{grid-row:1;grid-column:2/4;border-bottom:0;justify-self:normal;width:initial;font-size:.875rem}.scb_fab_esc{grid-row:1;grid-column:1;margin:0}.scb_fab_pla{grid-row:1;grid-column:2/4;margin-top:1rem;padding-top:.375rem;border-top:.0625rem solid #efefef;width:calc(100% + 18px);font-size:.75rem}.scb_fab_pla span{display:inline-block;margin-right:.375rem;margin-bottom:0}.scb_fab_sco{grid-column:2}.scb_fab_awa{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);grid-column:3}.scb_fab_awa .scb_fab_esc{grid-row:1;grid-column:3;justify-self:end}.scb_fab_awa .scb_fab_tea{grid-column:1/3;justify-self:right;margin-left:0}.scb_fab_awa .scb_fab_pla{grid-column:1/3;margin-left:0}.scb_ten{grid-column:1/9}.scb_ten_pln{width:38.8888888889%;border-bottom:.0625rem solid #efefef;font-size:1rem;letter-spacing:0;padding-bottom:.1875rem}.scb_ten_ico{width:5.5555555556%;text-align:right;height:1.375rem;background-size:1.375rem}.scb_ten_pts{width:55.5555555556%}.scb_ten_pts span{font-size:1.125rem;width:2.75rem;height:2.75rem}.scb_ten.dou{grid-column:1/9}.scb_ten.dou .scb_ten_pln{width:50%;padding-right:0}.scb_ten.dou .scb_ten_pts{width:44.4444444444%}.scb.scb-bkb .scb_fab_tea{position:relative;width:100%}.scb.scb-bkb .scb_fab_tea:after{content:"";border-bottom:.0625rem solid #efefef;width:100%;position:absolute;top:1.5625rem;left:0}.z>.sbc,.z>.scr-hdr{margin-top:2.5rem}.z>.scr-hdr{padding:0 1.625rem;max-width:47.9375rem}.a_c .is-basketball .scr-hdr__scr .scr-hdr__info:before{display:none}.a_c .is-basketball .scr-hdr__team{flex:0 0 calc(38% - 40px)}.a_c .is-basketball .scr-quarters{margin-top:0}}@media (min-width: 768px)and (min-width: 768px)and (max-width: 1000.98px){._g-md-none{display:block}.x .btn-u span{overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;max-width:6.875rem}}@media (min-width: 768px)and (min-width: 768px){.x .ed:hover li{display:block}.x .ed:hover li a:hover{font-weight:700}.x .ed:hover li.ed_a{border-bottom:1px solid rgba(151,151,151,.14);margin-bottom:.625rem}.x .ed:hover li.ed_a a:after{transform:rotate(180deg)}.b-d .b_op-1-1 .c{grid-column:span 6}.b-d .b_op-1-1 .c--m:nth-of-type(2){display:grid;grid-template-columns:3fr 7fr;grid-column-gap:var(--grid-column-gap)}.b-d .b_op-1-1 .c--m:nth-of-type(2) .c_m{grid-column:1;grid-row:1/100}.b-d .b_op-1-1 .c--m:nth-of-type(2) .c_kg,.b-d .b_op-1-1 .c--m:nth-of-type(2) .c_h,.b-d .b_op-1-1 .c--m:nth-of-type(2) .c_a,.b-d .b_op-1-1 .c--m:nth-of-type(2) .c_d,.b-d .b_op-1-1 .c--m:nth-of-type(2) .c_ap,.b-d .b_op-1-1 .c--m:nth-of-type(2) .c_l,.b-d .b_op-1-1 .c--m:nth-of-type(2) .c_r{grid-column:2}.b-d .b_op-1-1 .c--m:nth-of-type(2) .c_kg{margin-bottom:.5rem}.b-co .b_op-1-1 .c{grid-column:span 6}.b-co .b_op-1-1 .c--m:nth-of-type(2){display:grid;grid-template-columns:3fr 7fr;grid-column-gap:var(--grid-column-gap)}.b-co .b_op-1-1 .c--m:nth-of-type(2) .c_m{grid-column:1;grid-row:1/100}.b-co .b_op-1-1 .c--m:nth-of-type(2) .c_kg,.b-co .b_op-1-1 .c--m:nth-of-type(2) .c_h,.b-co .b_op-1-1 .c--m:nth-of-type(2) .c_a,.b-co .b_op-1-1 .c--m:nth-of-type(2) .c_d,.b-co .b_op-1-1 .c--m:nth-of-type(2) .c_ap,.b-co .b_op-1-1 .c--m:nth-of-type(2) .c_l,.b-co .b_op-1-1 .c--m:nth-of-type(2) .c_r{grid-column:2}.b-co .b_op-1-1 .c--m:nth-of-type(2) .c_kg{margin-bottom:.5rem}}@media (min-width: 768px)and (max-width: 1000.98px){.b_row-3-md._g{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr 1fr}.b_row-3-md .c{grid-column:span 1}.b_col-h .b_el-3 .c,.b_col-h .b_el-4 .c{border-bottom:none;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}.b_col-o .b_row-4-md .c_t{line-height:1.1875rem;font-size:1rem;letter-spacing:-.005625rem}.b_col-o .b_row-3-md .c_t{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.375rem;letter-spacing:-.000625rem}.b_col-h .b_el-2 .c{grid-column:span 4}.b_col-h .b_el-2 .c:last-of-type:before{display:none}.b_col-h .b_el-2 .c:first-of-type,.b_col-h .b_el-3 .c:first-of-type,.b_col-h .b_el-4 .c:first-of-type{border-bottom:none;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}.b_col-h .b_row-3-md .c:nth-of-type(odd):after,.b_col-h .b_row-3-md .c:nth-of-type(2n):after{content:"";display:block;position:absolute;height:18px;border-bottom:.0625rem solid #ebebeb;background:#fff;left:100%;width:var(--grid-column-gap);bottom:-1px;z-index:1}.b_col-h .b_row-3-md .c{grid-column:span 1}.b_col-h .b_row-3-md .c-ec,.b_col-h .b_row-3-md .c-ace,.b_col-h .b_row-4-md .c-ec,.b_col-h .b_row-4-md .c-ace{display:flex}.b_col-h .b_row-3-md .c-ace .c_m,.b_col-h .b_row-4-md .c-ace .c_m{display:flex;justify-content:center;margin-bottom:.8125rem}.b_col-h .b_row-3-md .c:nth-last-child(-n+3):after{display:none}.b_col-h .b_row-3-md .c:not(:nth-of-type(3n)),.b_col-h .b_row-4-md .c:not(:nth-of-type(4n)){position:relative}.b_col-h .b_row-3-md .c:not(:nth-of-type(3n)):before,.b_col-h .b_row-4-md .c:not(:nth-of-type(4n)):before{content:"";height:100%;width:1px;background:#dedede;right:calc(var(--grid-column-gap)/2 - var(--grid-column-gap));top:0;position:absolute}.b_col-h .b_el-5 .c:nth-of-type(4),.b_col-h .b_el-6 .c:nth-of-type(4),.b_col-h .b_el-6 .c:nth-of-type(5),.b_col-h .b_el-7 .c:nth-of-type(5),.b_col-h .b_el-7 .c:nth-of-type(6),.b_col-h .b_el-8 .c:nth-of-type(5),.b_col-h .b_el-8 .c:nth-of-type(6),.b_col-h .b_el-8 .c:nth-of-type(7){border-bottom:none;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}.b_col-h .b_el-7 .c:nth-of-type(1):after,.b_col-h .b_el-7 .c:nth-of-type(2):after,.b_col-h .b_el-7 .c:nth-of-type(3):after,.b_col-h .b_el-8 .c:nth-of-type(1):after,.b_col-h .b_el-8 .c:nth-of-type(2):after,.b_col-h .b_el-8 .c:nth-of-type(3):after{content:"";display:block;position:absolute;height:18px;border-bottom:.0625rem solid #ebebeb;background:#fff;left:100%;width:var(--grid-column-gap);bottom:-1px;z-index:1}.b_col-h .b_el-7 .c:nth-of-type(5),.b_col-h .b_el-8 .c:nth-of-type(5){border-bottom:none;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}.b-m .c-m .c_tx{padding-top:2.1875rem}.b-m .c-m-l .c_tx{padding-top:unset}.b-m .c-d:nth-of-type(odd){position:relative}.b-m .c-d:nth-of-type(odd):before{content:"";height:100%;width:1px;background:#dedede;right:calc(var(--grid-column-gap)/2 - var(--grid-column-gap));top:0;position:absolute}.b-m .c-d:nth-of-type(3){border-bottom:none;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}.b-m .c-d:nth-of-type(1):after{content:"";display:block;position:absolute;height:18px;border-bottom:.0625rem solid #ebebeb;background:#fff;left:100%;width:var(--grid-column-gap);bottom:-1px;z-index:1}}@media (min-width: 1001px){._g{grid-template-columns:repeat(12,1fr)}._g-lg{display:grid}._g_c-lg-1{grid-column-end:span 1}._g_c-lg-2{grid-column-end:span 2}._g_c-lg-3{grid-column-end:span 3}._g_c-lg-4{grid-column-end:span 4}._g_c-lg-5{grid-column-end:span 5}._g_c-lg-6{grid-column-end:span 6}._g_c-lg-7{grid-column-end:span 7}._g_c-lg-8{grid-column-end:span 8}._g_c-lg-9{grid-column-end:span 9}._g_c-lg-10{grid-column-end:span 10}._g_c-lg-11{grid-column-end:span 11}._g_c-lg-12{grid-column-end:span 12}:root{--grid-column-gap: 1.9375rem;--grid-column-gap-justify: -1.9375rem;--grid-offset: 1.375rem;--grid-offset-justify: -1.375rem}._g{grid-column-gap:1.9375rem}._g-o{max-width:none;padding-left:1.375rem;padding-right:1.375rem}.ad-giga{min-height:15.625rem;align-items:center}.ad-sticky{width:61.875rem;left:0;right:0;margin:0 auto}div[id^=elpais_gpt-MPU]>div{position:sticky;z-index:1;width:18.75rem;min-height:18.75rem;top:3.4375rem}.ad-ntsd{min-height:3.125rem}.ad-ldb-1{position:sticky;top:0}.tpl-ad .mw{background:#fff}.tpl-ad .mw,.tpl-ad .z-he{margin:0 auto}.cs{border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:2.375rem}.cs_t{grid-column:1/13}.cs_t:after{width:14.6875rem}.cs_t_e{font-size:2.125rem;line-height:2.125rem;letter-spacing:-.0375rem}.cs_t_l{padding-bottom:25px;height:65px;width:239px;background-size:auto 65px}.cs_m{grid-column:1/13;grid-row:3;display:flex;align-items:flex-end;justify-content:center}.cs_m:after{display:none}.cs_m .sm{overflow-x:visible;padding-right:0;padding-left:0}.cs_m a{padding:1.5625rem .1875rem}.cs_p{grid-column:8/13;grid-row:2;border-top:unset}.cs_p_i{justify-content:flex-end}.cs_p_l{padding:.1875rem .375rem 0 0;font-size:.75rem}.cs_p_n{height:32px;width:155px;background-size:auto 32px}.tpl-h .cs{padding-top:unset}.tpl-h .cs_m{grid-column:1/13}#elpais_gpt-LDB1>div{min-height:6.25rem}.x_u{grid-column:10/13}.x-f .x_w,.tpl-noads .x .x_w{max-width:none}.x-p .ep_l{grid-column:5/9}.x-f{transition:top .3s ease}.x-f .x_u{grid-column:10/13}.x-f .x_s{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;text-align:center;line-height:1.6875rem;grid-column:4/10}.x-nf .ep_l{grid-column:5/9}.mc_bg .mca{width:46.875rem;height:28.75rem}.c-h{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.mw{max-width:74.9375rem;margin:0 auto}.b{margin-top:4.375rem}.b_h{padding-top:1.75rem;margin-bottom:2.5rem}.b_h_w .btn{display:none}.b_h_m{display:flex;padding:0 .8125rem;font-size:.6875rem;line-height:.6875rem;padding:.8125rem 0}.b_h_m a:not(:first-of-type):before{content:" \b7";padding:0 .3125rem}.b_h_m span{font-weight:700;margin-right:.3125rem}.b_h .btn-i{margin-left:0}.b_h_sp{margin-left:2.1875rem}.b_row-4-lg .c{grid-column:span 3}.b_row-5-lg .c{grid-column:span 2}.b_row-5-lg .c-brr,.b_row-5-lg .c-pub{grid-column:span 4}.b_row-6-lg .c{grid-column:span 2}.b_ad-st .ad{position:sticky;top:3.4375rem;z-index:1}.b_cnb-lg .c{border-bottom:none;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}.b_st,.b_st-md,.b_st-lg{margin-top:2.5rem;padding-top:2.5rem}.b_st-r-md,.b_st-r-lg{border-top:unset;margin-top:unset;padding-top:unset}.b_sb{padding-bottom:2.5rem}.b_row-lg>.c:nth-of-type(n+2),.b_row-lg>.b_col:nth-of-type(n+2){position:relative}.b_row-lg>.c:nth-of-type(n+2):before,.b_row-lg>.b_col:nth-of-type(n+2):before{content:"";height:100%;width:1px;background:#dedede;left:calc(var(--grid-column-gap)/2 - var(--grid-column-gap));top:0;position:absolute}.z-bn:first-of-type,.z-hi:first-of-type{padding-top:2.5rem}.z-bn:first-of-type style:first-child+.b,.z-bn:first-of-type .b:first-child,.z-hi:first-of-type style:first-child+.b,.z-hi:first-of-type .b:first-child{margin-top:0}.b-d_a:first-of-type .c:first-of-type .c_t,.b-d_b:first-of-type .c:first-of-type .c_t{font-size:1.875rem;line-height:2rem;letter-spacing:-.071875rem}.b-d_a{grid-column:span 3}.b-d_b{grid-column:span 6}.b-d_c{grid-column:1/10}.b-d_d{position:relative;grid-column:10/13;grid-row:1/5}.b-d_d:before{content:"";height:100%;width:1px;background:#dedede;left:calc(var(--grid-column-gap)/2 - var(--grid-column-gap));top:0;position:absolute}.b-d_d .b_row-4,.b-d_d .b_row-6{display:block}.b_col-o .b_h{padding-top:0;margin-bottom:1.25rem}.b_col-o .b_row{display:block}.b_col-o .c:not(:last-of-type){padding-bottom:.9375rem;margin-bottom:.9375rem}.b_col-o .c-o .c_d{font-size:.875rem;line-height:1.0625rem}.b_row-o,.b_col-h .b_row{display:block}.b_col-h .c_d{font-size:.9375rem;line-height:1.1875rem}.b-d-sv .b-d_d:before{background:#4a4a4a;height:calc(100% + 40px)}.b-d-sv .b-d_d .c:nth-of-type(1){text-align:center}.b-d-sv .b-d_d .c:nth-of-type(1) .c_t{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.625rem;letter-spacing:-.034375rem}.b-d-sv .b-d_d .c--m:nth-of-type(n+2){display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 100px;grid-column-gap:.6875rem}.b-d-sv .b-d_d .c--m:nth-of-type(n+2) .c_m{grid-column:2/3;grid-row:1/10}.b-d-sv .b-d_d .c--m:nth-of-type(n+2) .c_h,.b-d-sv .b-d_d .c--m:nth-of-type(n+2) .c_a{grid-column:1/2}.b-co_a{grid-column:1/10;grid-row:1}.b-co>.b_row{grid-column:1/10;grid-row:2/10}.b-co>.b_row .b_col{grid-column:span 6}.b-co_d{grid-column:10/13;grid-row:1/10;position:relative}.b-co_d:before{content:"";height:100%;width:1px;background:#dedede;left:calc(var(--grid-column-gap)/2 - var(--grid-column-gap));top:0;position:absolute}.b-co_d .b_row{display:block}.b-bn .b-bn_a .c_t{font-size:3.375rem;line-height:3.625rem;letter-spacing:-.104375rem}.b-bn .b-bn_a .c_t_i{top:-.625rem}.b-bn_r .b-bn_a{grid-column:1/13;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(12,1fr);grid-column-gap:var(--grid-column-gap)}.b-bn_r .b-bn_a .c-st{grid-column:1/13}.b-bn_r .b-bn_a .c-d{grid-column:2/12}.b-bn_c .b-bn_a{grid-column:1/10}.b-bn .b-bn_b{grid-column:10/13;position:relative}.b-bn .b-bn_b:before{content:"";height:100%;width:1px;background:#dedede;left:calc(var(--grid-column-gap)/2 - var(--grid-column-gap));top:0;position:absolute}.b-bn .b-bn_b .b_row-2-md{display:block}.a .c_ar{height:197px;padding:0 1.875rem 1.875rem}.a .c_ar_t{padding:2.5rem}.b-m .c-m-t .c_tx{padding:2.25rem 4.75rem}.c-st .c_m{grid-column:1/7}.c-st .c_a,.c-st .c_d{grid-column:7/11;text-align:left}.c-st .c_ap,.c-st .c_l,.c-st .c_r{grid-column:7/11}.c-m .c-t{margin-bottom:2.5rem}.c-m .c_t-r{margin-bottom:1.875rem}.c-m-l.c--c .c_tx,.c-m-r.c--c .c_tx{padding:0 var(--grid-6-1-column-content)}.c-m-l .c_t,.c-m-r .c_t{font-size:2rem;line-height:2.0625rem}.c-m-l .c_t_i,.c-m-r .c_t_i{top:-.1875rem}.c-m-l .c_t-r,.c-m-r .c_t-r{font-size:2.8125rem;line-height:3.125rem;letter-spacing:-.03125rem;margin-bottom:3.0625rem}.c-m-l .c_t-r .c_t_i,.c-m-r .c_t-r .c_t_i{top:-.5rem}.c-m-l .c_m{grid-column:1/7}.c-m-l.c--c{grid-column-gap:0}.c-m-l.c--c .c_m{margin-right:calc(var(--grid-column-gap-justify)/2)}.c-m-l .c_tx{grid-column:7/13}.c-m-r .c_m{margin-bottom:0}.c-m-t .c_tx,.c-m-t .c_m{grid-column:1/13}.c-m-t.c--d{text-align:left}.c-m-t.c--d .c_tx{display:grid;grid-column-gap:var(--grid-column-gap);grid-template-columns:repeat(12,1fr)}.c-m-t.c--d .c_h{grid-column:1/7;grid-row:1/9}.c-m-t.c--d .c_a,.c-m-t.c--d .c_d{grid-column:8/12}.c-m-t.c--d .c_a{grid-row:2;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:2.8125rem}.c-m-t.c--d .c_t,.c-m-t.c--d .c_t-r{font-size:2.875rem;line-height:3.125rem;letter-spacing:-.031875rem}.c-m-t.c--d.c--c .c_h{grid-column:2/7}.scb_fab_sco .fab_sco_pen{margin:.9375rem 0 0;width:2.0625rem;height:2.0625rem;font-size:1.125rem}.scb_fab{grid-template-columns:repeat(5,1fr)}.scb_fab_hom{grid-column:1/3;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr)}.scb_fab .scb_fab_tea{grid-column:2/5;font-size:1rem;letter-spacing:0px;margin-left:-.8125rem}.scb_fab .scb_fab_pla{grid-column:2/5;font-size:.75rem;margin-top:1.25rem;margin-left:-.8125rem}.scb_fab .scb_fab_esc{width:4.1875rem;height:4.1875rem}.scb_fab_sco{grid-column:3/4}.scb_fab_sco .sco_con_pts{font-size:2.25rem;letter-spacing:0;width:4.1875rem;height:4.1875rem;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}.scb_fab_sco .fab_sco_sta{font-size:.75rem}.scb_fab_awa{grid-column:4/6;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr)}.scb_fab_awa .scb_fab_esc{grid-column:4}.scb_fab_awa .scb_fab_pla,.scb_fab_awa .scb_fab_tea{grid-column:1/4;margin-left:0;margin-right:-.8125rem}.scb_ten{grid-column:1/13}.scb_ten_pln{width:34.6153846154%}.scb_ten_ico{width:3.8461538462%;text-align:right}.scb_ten_pts{width:61.5384615385%}.scb_ten.dou{grid-column:1/13}.scb_ten.dou .scb_ten_pln{width:42.3076923077%}.scb_ten.dou .scb_ten_pts{width:53.8461538462%}.scb.scb-bkb .scb_fab_sco{width:calc(100% + 60px)}.scb.scb-bkb .scb_fab_sco .sco_con_pts{width:5rem;padding:.875rem 1.125rem}.z>.sbc,.z>.scr-hdr{margin-top:4.375rem}.z>.scr-hdr{padding:0 1.375rem;max-width:74.9375rem}}@media (min-width: 1001px)and (min-width: 1001px)and (max-width: 1198.98px){._g-lg-none{display:block}}@media (min-width: 1001px)and (max-width: 1198.98px){.tpl-h .cg .cs_m a{padding:.9375rem .25rem}}@media (min-width: 768px)and (min-width: 1001px){.b-d .b_op-1-1 .c--m:nth-of-type(2){grid-template-columns:4fr 6fr}.b-co .b_op-1-1 .c--m:nth-of-type(2){grid-template-columns:4fr 6fr}}@media (min-width: 1199px){._g-o{max-width:74.9375rem}.tpl-h .cg .cs_m{padding:0 2rem}.b-m .c-m-t .c_tx{padding:2.25rem 9.375rem}}@media (min-width: 1310px){.x-f .x_w,.tpl-noads .x .x_w{padding-left:3.4375rem;padding-right:3.4375rem}}@media (max-width: 575.98px){.cs_p .cs_p_i{flex-direction:column;align-items:end;justify-content:center}._g-xs-none{display:block}.cg_f time .x_e_s:last-child{display:none}.b-d-sv .b-d_d .c:nth-of-type(1){text-align:center}.b-d-sv .b-d_d .c:nth-of-type(1) .c_t{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.625rem;letter-spacing:-.034375rem}.b-d-sv .b-d_d .c--m:nth-of-type(n+2){display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 100px;grid-column-gap:.6875rem}.b-d-sv .b-d_d .c--m:nth-of-type(n+2) .c_m{grid-column:2/3;grid-row:1/10}.b-d-sv .b-d_d .c--m:nth-of-type(n+2) .c_h,.b-d-sv .b-d_d .c--m:nth-of-type(n+2) .c_a{grid-column:1/2}.b-cb .b_h_t:after{max-width:8.25rem}.scb_ch_gr{display:none}.scr-hdr__team.is-local .scr-hdr__team__wr{align-items:flex-start}.scr-hdr__team.is-visitor .scr-hdr__team__wr{align-items:flex-end}.scr-hdr__scr.is-ingame .scr-hdr__info:before{content:"";display:block;width:.75rem;height:.3125rem;background:#111;position:absolute;top:30px}}@media (max-width: 767.98px){.btn-xs{padding:.125rem .5rem .0625rem}.x .btn-u{border-radius:100%;width:2rem;height:2rem}.x-nf.x-p .ep_l{grid-column:2/4}.x-nf.x-p .x_u{grid-column:4/5}.tpl-h-el-pais .btn-xpr{display:inline-flex}.tpl-h-el-pais .btn-xpr+a{display:none}.tpl-h-el-pais .x-nf.x-p .x_ep{display:flex}.tpl-h-el-pais .x-nf.x-p .x_u .btn-2{display:inline-flex}.tpl-ad-bd{margin-left:.625rem;margin-right:.625rem}.tpl-ad-bd .ad-nstd-bd{height:3.125rem;background:#fff}.tpl-ad-bd ._g-o{padding-left:.625rem;padding-right:.625rem}.b_chi .c-d:first-of-type .c_kg{order:5;margin-bottom:.25rem}.b_chi .c-d:first-of-type .c_h{order:10}.b_chi .c-d:first-of-type .c_m{order:15}.b_chi .c-d:first-of-type .c_a,.b_chi .c-d:first-of-type .c_d,.b_chi .c-d:first-of-type .c_ap,.b_chi .c-d:first-of-type .c_l,.b_chi .c-d:first-of-type .c_r{order:20}.b-bn+.b-d .b-d_a:first-of-type .c:first-of-type .c_t,.b-bn+.b-d .b-d_b:first-of-type .c:first-of-type .c_t{font-size:1.75rem;line-height:1.875rem}.b-d_b+.b-d_a,.b-d_a+.b-d_b{border-top:.0625rem solid #ebebeb;margin-top:1.25rem;padding-top:1.25rem}.b-d_a+.b-d_b .c:first-of-type .c_t{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.4375rem;letter-spacing:-.018125rem}.b-d_a+.b-d_b .c:first-of-type .c_t-r{font-size:1.4375rem;line-height:1.5625rem}.b-d_a+.b-d_b .c:first-of-type .c_t_i{top:.0625rem}.b_col-o .c:nth-of-type(odd){position:relative}.b_col-o .c:nth-of-type(odd):before{content:"";height:100%;width:1px;background:#dedede;right:calc(var(--grid-column-gap)/2 - var(--grid-column-gap));top:0;position:absolute}.b_col-o .c:nth-of-type(odd):nth-last-of-type(2){border-bottom:none;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}.b_col-o .c-ace{display:flex}.b_col-o .c-ace .c_m{display:flex;justify-content:center;margin-bottom:.8125rem}.b_col-h .c:nth-of-type(odd):after{content:"";display:block;position:absolute;height:18px;border-bottom:.0625rem solid #ebebeb;background:#fff;left:100%;width:var(--grid-column-gap);bottom:-1px;z-index:1}.b_col-h .c:nth-of-type(odd):nth-last-of-type(1):after,.b_col-h .c:nth-of-type(odd):nth-last-of-type(2):after{display:none}.b_col-h .c:nth-of-type(odd):nth-last-of-type(1){grid-column:span 4}.b_col-h .c:nth-of-type(odd):nth-last-of-type(1):before{display:none}.b_col-h:not(.b_col-o) .b_row-2{display:block}.b_col-h:not(.b_col-o) .b_row-2 .c:after{display:none}.b-m .c-m .c_t-r{font-size:2.375rem;line-height:2.5rem;letter-spacing:-.03125rem}.b-m .c-m .c_t-r .c_t_i{top:-.25rem}.b-m_b .c_t{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.1875rem;letter-spacing:-.005625rem}.b-m_b._g{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.b-m_b._g .c:nth-of-type(2n){position:relative}.b-m_b._g .c:nth-of-type(2n):before{content:"";height:100%;width:1px;background:#dedede;left:calc(var(--grid-column-gap)/2 - var(--grid-column-gap));top:0;position:absolute}.b-m_b._g .c:first-of-type:after{content:"";display:block;position:absolute;height:18px;border-bottom:.0625rem solid #ebebeb;background:#fff;left:100%;width:var(--grid-column-gap);bottom:-1px;z-index:1}.b-m_b._g .c:nth-of-type(3){border-bottom:none;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}.c-st>*{order:20}.c-st>.c_kg,.c-st>.c_h{order:5}.c-st>.c_m{order:10}}@media (max-width: 1000.98px){.b--o+.z_hr{display:none}.b_col-o{border-bottom:double #000;padding-bottom:1.25rem}.b-d-sv .b-d_d{border-top-color:#000}.b-co_a.b_chi .c.c-m:first-of-type .c_m{margin-bottom:.8125rem}} </style></head><body class="tpl-s-planeta-futuro tpl-s"><a href="#main-content" class="_sr">Ir al contenido</a><div id="elpais_gpt-SKIN" data-adtype="SKIN" class="ad "><span class="_dn">_</span></div><div id="elpais_gpt-INTER" data-adtype="INTER" class="ad "><span class="_dn">_</span></div><div class="z-he"><div class="ad ad-giga ad-giga-1"><div id="elpais_gpt-LDB1" data-adtype="LDB" class="ad ad-ldb ad-ldb-1"><span class="_dn">_</span></div><div id="mldb1-wrapper" class="mldb1-wrapper"><div id="elpais_gpt-MLDB1" data-adtype="MLDB" class="ad ad-mldb ad-mldb-1"><span class="_dn">_</span></div></div></div><header class="cg" data-dtm-region="header"><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org/","@type":"SiteNavigationElement","hasPart":[{"name":"En primera línea","url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/en-primera-linea/"},{"name":"Red de expertos","url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/red-de-expertos/"},{"name":"Qué mueve a...","url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/que-mueve-a/"},{"name":"Desarrollo en África","url":"https://elpais.com/noticias/desarrollo-africa/"},{"name":"Blogs","url":"https://elpais.com/elpais/blogs_planeta_futuro.html"},{"name":"Ciudades sostenibles","url":"https://elpais.com/noticias/ciudades-sostenibles/"}]}</script><div id="ctn_head" class="x-ph x-ph-nf"><div class="x _pr x-nf _g"><div class="_g _g-o _g-xs x_w"><div class="x_e _dn"><time id="header_date_65" dateTime="2025-04-03T03:33:40+02:00" data-date="2025-04-03T03:33:40+02:00"><span>03 abr 2025</span><span class="x_e_s">|</span><span>Actualizado 03:33 <abbr title="Central European Summer Time">CEST</abbr></span><span class="x_e_s">|</span></time><span>Seleccione:</span><div class="ed" data-dtm-region="header_cabecera_edicion"><ul class="_ls _df"><li id="edition_head" class="ed_a">- - -</li><li data-edition="el-pais" data-edition-redirect="https://elpais.com/s/setEspana.html?ed=el-pais_ham"><a href="https://elpais.com"><span>España</span></a></li><li data-edition="el-pais-america" data-edition-redirect="https://elpais.com/s/setAmerica.html?ed=es_despl"><a href="https://elpais.com/america/"><span>América</span></a><ul class="ed_l"><li data-edition="el-pais-mexico" data-edition-head-txt="América" data-edition-redirect="https://elpais.com/s/setMexico.html?ed=mx_despl"><a href="https://elpais.com/mexico/"><span>México</span></a></li><li data-edition="el-pais-colombia" data-edition-head-txt="América" data-edition-redirect="https://elpais.com/s/setColombia.html"><a href="https://elpais.com/america-colombia/"><span>Colombia</span></a></li><li data-edition="el-pais-chile" data-edition-head-txt="América" data-edition-redirect="https://elpais.com/s/setChile.html"><a href="https://elpais.com/chile/"><span>Chile</span></a></li><li data-edition="el-pais-argentina" data-edition-head-txt="América" data-edition-redirect="https://elpais.com/s/setArgentina.html"><a href="https://elpais.com/argentina/"><span>Argentina</span></a></li></ul></li><li data-edition="el-pais-us" data-edition-redirect="https://elpais.com/s/setUs.html?ed=us_despl"><a href="https://elpais.com/us/"><span>US Español</span></a></li><li data-edition="el-pais-in-english" data-edition-redirect="https://elpais.com/s/setEnglish.html?ed=eng_despl"><a href="https://english.elpais.com"><span>US English</span></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="x_ep _df"><div class="x_bh"><button class="btn btn-h btn-i ep_m" id="btn_open_hamburger" aria-label="Desplegar menú"><svg class="" viewBox="0 0 40 40"><use xlink:href="#svg-hamburguesa"></use></svg></button></div><span class="ep_l"><a class="ep_e _db" href="https://elpais.com" data-dtm-region="header_areausuario"><img src="https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/images/logos/primary/el-pais.svg" class="ep_i" alt="EL PAÍS" width="147" height="34"/></a></span></div><div class="x_s _dn"><a class="x_s_l _dib" href="/planeta-futuro/">Planeta Futuro</a></div><div class="x_u _df" id="u_c_dv" data-dtm-region="header_areausuario"><div id="x_u_test" class="x_u_t"></div><a class="button | flex btn btn-xs btn-2" href="https://elpais.com/suscripciones/#/campaign?prod=SUSDIG&o=boton_cab&prm=suscrip_cabecera_el-pais&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" rel="nofollow" id="s_b_df" data-link-am="https://elpais.com/suscripciones/america/#/campaign?prod=SUSDIGAM&o=botonam_cab&prm=suscrip_cabecera_el-pais-america&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" data-link-mx="https://elpais.com/suscripciones/america/#/campaign?prod=SUSDIGMX&o=botonmx_cab&prm=suscrip_cabecera_el-pais-mexico&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" data-link-co="https://elpais.com/suscripciones/america/#/campaign?prod=SUSDIGCOL&o=botoncol_cab&prm=suscrip_cabecera_el-pais_colombia&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" data-link-ar="https://elpais.com/suscripciones/america/#/campaign?prod=SUSDIGAR&o=botonar_cab&prm=suscrip_cabecera_el-pais-argentina&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" data-link-cl="https://elpais.com/suscripciones/america/#/campaign?prod=SUSDIGCHILE&o=botonchile_cab&prm=suscrip_cabecera_el-pais-chile&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" data-link-us="https://elpais.com/suscripciones/america/#/campaign?prod=SUSDIGEUCAN&o=botoneucan_cab&prm=suscrip_cabecera_el-pais-eucan&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" data-ctn-subscription="">suscríbete</a><button class="button | flex btn btn-u l_u_b _dn"><abbr class="l_u_in">H</abbr><span class="_dn l_u_fn">HOLA</span></button><a class="btn btn-u n_l_us" href="https://elpais.com/subscriptions/#/sign-in?prod=REG&o=CABEP&prm=login_cabecera_el-pais&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" data-link-am="https://elpais.com/subscriptions/#/sign-in?prod=REG&o=CABEP&prm=login_cabecera_el-pais-america&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" data-link-mx="https://elpais.com/subscriptions/#/sign-in?prod=REGMX&o=CABEPMX&prm=login_cabecera_el-pais-mexico&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" data-link-co="https://elpais.com/subscriptions/#/sign-in?prod=REGCLB&o=CABEPCLB&prm=login_cabecera_el-pais-colombia&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" data-link-ar="https://elpais.com/subscriptions/#/sign-in?prod=REG&o=CABEP&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" data-link-cl="https://elpais.com/subscriptions/#/sign-in?prod=REGCHILE&o=CABEPCHILE&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" data-link-us="https://elpais.com/subscriptions/#/sign-in?prod=REG&o=CABEP&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" aria-label="Iniciar sesión" rel="nofollow"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon_portal_login_user" viewBox="0 0 40 40"><use xlink:href="#svg-usuario"></use></svg><span class="_dn">Iniciar sesión</span></a></div></div><div class="pb"><div class="pb_p" id="reading_progress_bar_id"></div></div></div><div class="_g-o x_sep"><div class="x_sep_i"></div></div></div><div class="_g-o csw" id="csw" data-dtm-region="portada_menu"><div class="_g _g-xs cs cs--m"><div class="cs_p"><div class="cs_p_i"><span class="cs_p_l">En colaboración con:</span><a class="cs_p_n" rel="sponsored" href="https://www.gatesfoundation.org/">Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation</a></div></div><div class="cs_t"><h1 class="cs_t_e"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/" class="cs_t_l _db">Planeta Futuro</a></h1></div><nav class="cs_m"><div class="sm _df"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/en-primera-linea/" class="">En primera línea</a><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/red-de-expertos/" class="">Red de expertos</a><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/que-mueve-a/" class="">Qué mueve a...</a><a href="https://elpais.com/noticias/desarrollo-africa/" class="">Desarrollo en África</a><a href="https://elpais.com/elpais/blogs_planeta_futuro.html" class="">Blogs</a><a href="https://elpais.com/noticias/ciudades-sostenibles/" class="">Ciudades sostenibles</a></div></nav></div></div><div id="ad-ntsd-bd" class="ad ad-nstd-bd _df"></div></header></div><main id="main-content" class="mw mw-mc"><div class="z z-hi"><section class=" b b-m _g-o b-m-undefined" data-dtm-region="portada_arrevistada"><div class="b_hr-s b_hr-s-t"></div><div class="b-m_a"><article class="c c c-m _g _g-lg c--d c-m-r c--m c--c " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-04-02/artistas-sudaneses-que-huyeron-de-las-balas-se-reinventan-en-nairobi.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Artistas Sudaneses" decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re a_m-h" height="233" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/CBY74QWB6JAANJHTHH2EWD7HWY.jpg?auth=4f2c042db3a61202c943970028e21d1d12c6daac77367f523b6e4ddfffa5404d&width=414&height=233&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/CBY74QWB6JAANJHTHH2EWD7HWY.jpg?auth=4f2c042db3a61202c943970028e21d1d12c6daac77367f523b6e4ddfffa5404d&width=828&height=466&smart=true 828w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/CBY74QWB6JAANJHTHH2EWD7HWY.jpg?auth=4f2c042db3a61202c943970028e21d1d12c6daac77367f523b6e4ddfffa5404d&width=1200&height=675&smart=true 1200w" width="414" sizes="(min-width: 1199px) 1155px, (min-width: 1001px) calc(100vw - 44px), (min-width: 768px) 715px, (min-width: 576px) calc(100vw - 40px), 100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/CBY74QWB6JAANJHTHH2EWD7HWY.jpg?auth=4f2c042db3a61202c943970028e21d1d12c6daac77367f523b6e4ddfffa5404d&width=414&height=233&smart=true" loading="eager"/></a></figure><div class="c_tx"><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-04-02/artistas-sudaneses-que-huyeron-de-las-balas-se-reinventan-en-nairobi.html">Artistas sudaneses que huyeron de las balas se reinventan en Nairobi</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/diego-menjibar-reynes/" class="c_a_a">Diego Menjíbar</a></div><p class="c_d">Una iniciativa que apoya a creadores en zonas de conflicto ayuda a un grupo de pintores y músicos a rehacer sus vidas y retomar su obra</p></div></article></div><div class="b-m_b b_st b_row-lg b_cnb-lg b_row-2-md b_row-4-lg _g _g-xs"><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-04-02/la-recompensa-para-combatir-el-dengue-en-filipinas-dos-centavos-de-dolar-por-atrapar-cinco-mosquitos.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Dengue Filipinas" decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="311" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/YKIT7PS6NRDCXOKDR5KWRZDZCY.jpg?auth=51251c56594e6ef8412cce5bdf78e13d1dcb45dcc73277d014158f48fce81692&width=414&height=311&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/YKIT7PS6NRDCXOKDR5KWRZDZCY.jpg?auth=51251c56594e6ef8412cce5bdf78e13d1dcb45dcc73277d014158f48fce81692&width=828&height=621&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width: 1199px) 266px, (min-width: 1001px) calc(25vw - 35px), (min-width: 768px) 343px, calc(50vw - 30px)" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/YKIT7PS6NRDCXOKDR5KWRZDZCY.jpg?auth=51251c56594e6ef8412cce5bdf78e13d1dcb45dcc73277d014158f48fce81692&width=414&height=311&smart=true" loading="lazy"/><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon_multimedia_gallery | _pa c_m_i " viewBox="0 0 40 40"><use xlink:href="#svg-gallery"></use></svg></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-04-02/la-recompensa-para-combatir-el-dengue-en-filipinas-dos-centavos-de-dolar-por-atrapar-cinco-mosquitos.html">La recompensa para combatir el dengue en Filipinas: dos centavos de dólar por atrapar cinco mosquitos</a></h2></header><div class="c_a">Aaron Favila / AFP</div></article><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-04-01/dios-ama-a-los-gais-lideres-religiosos-contra-la-homofobia-en-africa.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Homofobia en África" decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="311" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/FYQ6REI2HRETBCS33I3VQMDGPI.jpg?auth=bd322613c4336074196073d6b94d7f9a90f4a058fff1206561d7666f6f815799&width=414&height=311&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/FYQ6REI2HRETBCS33I3VQMDGPI.jpg?auth=bd322613c4336074196073d6b94d7f9a90f4a058fff1206561d7666f6f815799&width=828&height=621&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width: 1199px) 266px, (min-width: 1001px) calc(25vw - 35px), (min-width: 768px) 343px, calc(50vw - 30px)" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/FYQ6REI2HRETBCS33I3VQMDGPI.jpg?auth=bd322613c4336074196073d6b94d7f9a90f4a058fff1206561d7666f6f815799&width=414&height=311&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-04-01/dios-ama-a-los-gais-lideres-religiosos-contra-la-homofobia-en-africa.html">“Dios ama a los gais”: líderes religiosos contra la homofobia en África </a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/rodrigo-santodomingo-costa/" class="c_a_a">Rodrigo Santodomingo</a></div></article><article class="c c-o c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-04-01/las-mujeres-embarazadas-de-mozambique-especialmente-vulnerables-al-vih-tras-los-recortes-de-ee-uu.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Mujeres embarazadas de Mozambique VIH" decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="311" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/F7C2GRMKKNCSBAXSKF4AQ7OZ2Q.jpg?auth=1582c6d2e99644da38c25e87920216b4f962d9040760f26e43cd8ebcbc8ada9d&width=414&height=311&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/F7C2GRMKKNCSBAXSKF4AQ7OZ2Q.jpg?auth=1582c6d2e99644da38c25e87920216b4f962d9040760f26e43cd8ebcbc8ada9d&width=828&height=621&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width: 1199px) 266px, (min-width: 1001px) calc(25vw - 35px), (min-width: 768px) 343px, calc(50vw - 30px)" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/F7C2GRMKKNCSBAXSKF4AQ7OZ2Q.jpg?auth=1582c6d2e99644da38c25e87920216b4f962d9040760f26e43cd8ebcbc8ada9d&width=414&height=311&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t c_t-i "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-04-01/las-mujeres-embarazadas-de-mozambique-especialmente-vulnerables-al-vih-tras-los-recortes-de-ee-uu.html">Las mujeres embarazadas de Mozambique, especialmente vulnerables al VIH tras los recortes de EE UU </a></h2></header><div class="c_a">Tacilta Nhampossa / Raquel González / Clara Menéndez / Anna Lucas</div></article><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-31/alcaldes-africanos-ante-los-recortes-de-trump-tenemos-que-despertarnos-y-encontrar-soluciones-propias.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Barriada de Kibera" decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="311" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/WRP45OYKZ5BGBMQ2N6H6QBYE5U.jpg?auth=4a0883c2f73552a9b6cda3728395a7ef9e6454ec6971de61d473a7fe58349c01&width=414&height=311&focal=1319%2C1703 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/WRP45OYKZ5BGBMQ2N6H6QBYE5U.jpg?auth=4a0883c2f73552a9b6cda3728395a7ef9e6454ec6971de61d473a7fe58349c01&width=828&height=621&focal=1319%2C1703 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width: 1199px) 266px, (min-width: 1001px) calc(25vw - 35px), (min-width: 768px) 343px, calc(50vw - 30px)" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/WRP45OYKZ5BGBMQ2N6H6QBYE5U.jpg?auth=4a0883c2f73552a9b6cda3728395a7ef9e6454ec6971de61d473a7fe58349c01&width=414&height=311&focal=1319%2C1703" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-31/alcaldes-africanos-ante-los-recortes-de-trump-tenemos-que-despertarnos-y-encontrar-soluciones-propias.html">Alcaldes africanos ante los recortes de Trump: “Tenemos que despertarnos y encontrar soluciones propias”</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/beatriz-lecumberri/" class="c_a_a">Beatriz Lecumberri</a></div></article></div><div class="b_hr-s b_hr-s-b"></div></section><div class="_g-o z_hr"><div class="b_hr"></div></div></div><div class="z z-fe"><aside class="w w-cta _g-o"><div class="w-cta-custom"><section class="w-cta-custom_b"><div class="w_h"><h2 class="w_t">Nueva newsletter de Planeta Futuro</h2><a class="w_bt btn btn-5 " href="https://plus.elpais.com/newsletters/lnp/1/309?prm=participa_cta_home">Apúntate</a></div><div class="w_b"><div class="w_tx">Suscríbete y recibe cada semana las historias más destacadas de la sección de desarrollo de EL PAÍS</div></div></section><section class="w-cta-custom_b"><div class="w_h"><h2 class="w_t">Bienvenidos a Planeta Futuro</h2><a class="w_bt btn btn-5 " href="https://elpais.com/elpais/2014/01/15/planeta_futuro/1389826297_972956.html?prm=nwl_cta_home">Ver más</a></div><div class="w_b"><div class="w_tx">Sección de EL PAÍS sobre desarrollo sostenible, pobreza, desigualdad y salud global que se basa en los 17 ODS de la Agenda 2030 e informa del progreso del mundo</div></div></section></div></aside><section class="_g-o b b-f" data-dtm-region="portada_destacados"><div class="b-f_w b_row-md _g _g-md"><div class="b_col b-f_a"><article class="c c-o c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-31/traten-los-recortes-de-financiacion-como-el-desastre-humanitario-que-son.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Sarah, nombre ficticio por privacidad, es paciente con VIH que vive en Kinshasa, República Democrática del Congo, el 13 de octubre de 2021." decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="233" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/2RNCQXWFXFAXBDSXTNYFOOYNKM.JPG?auth=31d61150f89163b9c614c58f8450a49268c4332730239835f46a2b6c69f11b17&width=414&height=233&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/2RNCQXWFXFAXBDSXTNYFOOYNKM.JPG?auth=31d61150f89163b9c614c58f8450a49268c4332730239835f46a2b6c69f11b17&width=828&height=466&smart=true 828w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/2RNCQXWFXFAXBDSXTNYFOOYNKM.JPG?auth=31d61150f89163b9c614c58f8450a49268c4332730239835f46a2b6c69f11b17&width=1200&height=675&smart=true 1200w" width="414" sizes="(min-width: 1199px) 1155px, (min-width: 1001px) calc(100vw - 44px), (min-width: 768px) 715px, (min-width: 576px) calc(100vw - 40px), 100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/2RNCQXWFXFAXBDSXTNYFOOYNKM.JPG?auth=31d61150f89163b9c614c58f8450a49268c4332730239835f46a2b6c69f11b17&width=414&height=233&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><a class="c_k " href="https://elpais.com/noticias/cooperacion-desarrollo/">Cooperación y desarrollo</a><h2 class="c_t c_t-i "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-31/traten-los-recortes-de-financiacion-como-el-desastre-humanitario-que-son.html">Traten los recortes de financiación como el desastre humanitario que son</a></h2></header><div class="c_a">Esther C. Casas / Claire Waterhouse</div><p class="c_d">La congelación de fondos de USAID pone en jaque los avances en la lucha contra el VIH y tuberculosis, con consecuencias devastadoras de hasta 6,3 millones de muertes adicionales relacionadas con el sida para 2029, advierte Médicos Sin Fronteras</p></article><article class="c c-d c--m-n " data-word="0"><header class="c_h"><a class="c_k " href="https://elpais.com/noticias/desastres-naturales/">Desastres naturales</a><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-30/la-formula-para-reducir-los-costes-de-los-desastres-naturales-en-america-latina-mas-datos-coordinacion-internacional-y-alianzas-para-acceder-a-seguros.html">La fórmula para reducir los costes de los desastres naturales en América Latina: más datos, coordinación internacional y alianzas para acceder a seguros</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/ana-maria-puentes-pulido/" class="c_a_a">Ana Puentes</a></div><p class="c_d">El Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo lanza el programa ‘Preparados y Resilientes en las Américas’ al que se han adherido 37 países de la región para, en el año 2030, tener más herramientas para enfrentar incendios, sequías, inundaciones, terremotos y otros cataclismos</p></article></div><div class="b_col b-f_b b_st b_st-r-md"><article class="c c-d c--m-n " data-word="0"><header class="c_h"><a class="c_k " href="https://elpais.com/noticias/seguridad-alimentaria/">Seguridad alimentaria</a><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-29/neema-lugangira-diputada-de-tanzania-los-recortes-abruptos-no-son-sabios-va-a-haber-un-retroceso-de-los-esfuerzos-contra-la-pobreza.html">Neema Lugangira, diputada de Tanzania: “Los recortes abruptos no son sabios, va a haber un retroceso de los esfuerzos contra la pobreza”</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/ana-lopez-garcia/" class="c_a_a">Ana López García</a></div><p class="c_d">La parlamentaria y copresidenta del Movimiento para el Fomento de la Nutrición (SUN Movement, en inglés) defiende la necesidad de seguir invirtiendo en seguridad alimentaria en el marco de su participación en la Cumbre de la Nutrición para el Crecimiento (N4G) en París</p></article><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-28/trabajadores-humanitarios-no-tenemos-palabras-para-describir-que-significa-hoy-ser-medico-y-ser-paciente-en-gaza.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Franja Gaza" decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="233" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/R2VG5IER35BUZKR5DIYCMBI4IM?auth=76145c8c8d5f1b7ec3de0a979071d09706412273415d80847a9405f0c83cfeb8&width=414&height=233&focal=2105%2C1278 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/R2VG5IER35BUZKR5DIYCMBI4IM?auth=76145c8c8d5f1b7ec3de0a979071d09706412273415d80847a9405f0c83cfeb8&width=828&height=466&focal=2105%2C1278 828w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/R2VG5IER35BUZKR5DIYCMBI4IM?auth=76145c8c8d5f1b7ec3de0a979071d09706412273415d80847a9405f0c83cfeb8&width=1200&height=675&focal=2105%2C1278 1200w" width="414" sizes="(min-width: 1199px) 1155px, (min-width: 1001px) calc(100vw - 44px), (min-width: 768px) 715px, (min-width: 576px) calc(100vw - 40px), 100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/R2VG5IER35BUZKR5DIYCMBI4IM?auth=76145c8c8d5f1b7ec3de0a979071d09706412273415d80847a9405f0c83cfeb8&width=414&height=233&focal=2105%2C1278" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><a class="c_k " href="https://elpais.com/noticias/franja-gaza/">Franja Gaza</a><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-28/trabajadores-humanitarios-no-tenemos-palabras-para-describir-que-significa-hoy-ser-medico-y-ser-paciente-en-gaza.html">Trabajadores humanitarios: “No tenemos palabras para describir qué significa hoy ser médico y ser paciente en Gaza”</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/beatriz-lecumberri/" class="c_a_a">Beatriz Lecumberri</a></div><p class="c_d">ONG presentes en la Franja describen la dramática situación humanitaria que se vive desde el fin de la tregua y alertan de que tras cuatro semanas sin que entre un solo camión de ayuda humanitaria se necesitan urgentemente medicinas, combustible y alimentos</p></article></div><div class="b_col b-f_c _dn b_ad-st"><div id="elpais_gpt-MPU1" data-adtype="MPU" class="ad ad ad-mpu"><span class="_dn">_</span></div></div><div class="b-f_d" id="ad-ntsd1"></div></div></section><section class="b b-t _g-o b-t-df b-t-1" data-dtm-region="portada_tematicos_in-english" aria-labelledby="tematico-1743644020567-266"><header class="header b_h _df _pr"><div class="b_h_w _pr"><span class="b_h_t _pr" id="tematico-1743644020567-266">In English</span></div></header><div class="b-t_w b_sb"><div class="b-t_d _g _g-xs b_cnb-md b-t_d-3"><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="3947"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://english.elpais.com/international/2025-03-22/surviving-ebola-in-liberia-10-stories-of-pain-and-hope.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Ebola Liberia" decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="311" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/JZHEGVJYFZEEVHAXOB4HIWAURU.jpg?auth=e11e2b8c4f1966d573a1042f6dd877a8bbc73ea04758dfa342b6be65f1006590&width=414&height=311&focal=895%2C1278 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/JZHEGVJYFZEEVHAXOB4HIWAURU.jpg?auth=e11e2b8c4f1966d573a1042f6dd877a8bbc73ea04758dfa342b6be65f1006590&width=828&height=621&focal=895%2C1278 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/JZHEGVJYFZEEVHAXOB4HIWAURU.jpg?auth=e11e2b8c4f1966d573a1042f6dd877a8bbc73ea04758dfa342b6be65f1006590&width=414&height=311&focal=895%2C1278" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://english.elpais.com/international/2025-03-22/surviving-ebola-in-liberia-10-stories-of-pain-and-hope.html">Surviving Ebola in Liberia: 10 stories of pain and hope </a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://english.elpais.com/author/ana-pantaleoni/" class="c_a_a">Ana Pantaleoni</a><span class="c_a_vr">|</span><span class="c_a_l">Monrovia (Liberia)</span></div></article><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="1651"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://english.elpais.com/international/2025-03-03/violence-against-children-in-haiti-rape-recruitment-hunger-and-shuttered-schools.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Violencia contra la infancia en Haiti" decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="311" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/IOX5BTBK75FN5ETJWQE6ZICVV4.jpg?auth=dddc9ba29e78297f75f4ef606848c8c3a13f0ee315c7d5d83079ffb90b261e2b&width=414&height=311&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/IOX5BTBK75FN5ETJWQE6ZICVV4.jpg?auth=dddc9ba29e78297f75f4ef606848c8c3a13f0ee315c7d5d83079ffb90b261e2b&width=828&height=621&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/IOX5BTBK75FN5ETJWQE6ZICVV4.jpg?auth=dddc9ba29e78297f75f4ef606848c8c3a13f0ee315c7d5d83079ffb90b261e2b&width=414&height=311&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://english.elpais.com/international/2025-03-03/violence-against-children-in-haiti-rape-recruitment-hunger-and-shuttered-schools.html">Violence against children in Haiti: Rape, recruitment, hunger and shuttered schools</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://english.elpais.com/author/silvia-laboreo-longas/" class="c_a_a">Silvia Laboreo Longás</a><span class="c_a_vr">|</span><span class="c_a_l">Madrid</span></div></article><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="5660"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://english.elpais.com/climate/2025-03-01/where-do-the-clothes-go-after-we-put-them-in-a-recycling-bin-an-11-month-investigation-covering-thousands-of-kilometers.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Ropa usada" decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="311" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/M7UIZK654FG7DCCREPQNMWIEII.jpeg?auth=7eea87bc6982d301b935fee2a86cddeaab7dad39c650554250df1eb848494145&width=414&height=311&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/M7UIZK654FG7DCCREPQNMWIEII.jpeg?auth=7eea87bc6982d301b935fee2a86cddeaab7dad39c650554250df1eb848494145&width=828&height=621&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/M7UIZK654FG7DCCREPQNMWIEII.jpeg?auth=7eea87bc6982d301b935fee2a86cddeaab7dad39c650554250df1eb848494145&width=414&height=311&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://english.elpais.com/climate/2025-03-01/where-do-the-clothes-go-after-we-put-them-in-a-recycling-bin-an-11-month-investigation-covering-thousands-of-kilometers.html">Where do the clothes go after we put them in a recycling bin? An 11-month investigation covering thousands of kilometers</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://english.elpais.com/author/ana-carbajosa/" class="c_a_a">Ana Carbajosa</a> / <a href="https://english.elpais.com/author/patricia-rodriguez-blanco/" class="c_a_a">Patricia R. Blanco</a> / <a href="https://english.elpais.com/author/beatriz-lecumberri/" class="c_a_a">Beatriz Lecumberri</a><span class="c_a_vr">|</span><span class="c_a_l">Accra / Nador / Madrid / Johannesburg</span></div></article></div></div></section><section class="b b-t _g-o b-t-df b-t-1" data-dtm-region="portada_tematicos_opinion" aria-labelledby="tematico-1743644020587-473"><header class="header b_h _df _pr"><div class="b_h_w _pr"><span class="b_h_t _pr" id="tematico-1743644020587-473">Opinión</span></div></header><div class="b-t_w b_sb"><div class="b-t_d _g _g-xs b_cnb-lg b_row-2 b-t_d-4"><article class="c c-o c-d c--m-n " data-word="0"><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t c_t-i "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-28/el-secreto-mejor-guardado-de-canada.html">El secreto mejor guardado de Canadá</a></h2></header><div class="c_a">María Serrano<span class="c_a_t"><span class="c_a_vr">|</span><time dateTime="2025-03-28T05:30:00+01:00" title="Ver todas las noticias de esa fecha"><a id="sc_date" data-date="2025-03-28T05:30:00+01:00" href="/hemeroteca/2025-03-28/">28 mar 2025 - 05:30<abbr title="Central European Time"> CET</abbr></a></time></span></div><p class="c_d">El Programa para Trabajadores y Trabajadoras Extranjeros Temporales del país norteamericano favorece la explotación laboral, abusos y discriminación hacia personas migrantes, según denuncia Amnistía Internacional </p></article><article class="c c-o c-d c--m-n " data-word="0"><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t c_t-i "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/en-primera-linea/2025-03-26/la-normalidad-del-campamento-de-refugiados-sirios-de-azraq-duele.html">La normalidad del campamento de refugiados sirios de Azraq duele</a></h2></header><div class="c_a">Eloisa Molina<span class="c_a_t"><span class="c_a_vr">|</span><time dateTime="2025-03-26T05:30:00+01:00" title="Ver todas las noticias de esa fecha"><a id="sc_date" data-date="2025-03-26T05:30:00+01:00" href="/hemeroteca/2025-03-26/">26 mar 2025 - 05:30<abbr title="Central European Time"> CET</abbr></a></time></span></div><p class="c_d">Eloisa Molina, directora de Comunicación de la ONG World Vision, describe su visita a un campo en Jordania. Tras la caída del régimen de El Asad, la vida de miles de familias está en suspenso mientras esperan que la situación en Siria mejore</p></article><article class="c c-o c-d c--m-n " data-word="0"><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t c_t-i "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-24/la-introspeccion-de-tsitsi-dangarembga-a-traves-del-ensayo-escribir-me-confirma-que-soy-mas-que-negritud-y-feminidad.html">La introspección de Tsitsi Dangarembga a través del ensayo: “Escribir me confirma que soy más que negritud y feminidad”</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/analia-iglesias/" class="c_a_a">Analía Iglesias</a><span class="c_a_t"><span class="c_a_vr">|</span><time dateTime="2025-03-24T05:30:00+01:00" title="Ver todas las noticias de esa fecha"><a id="sc_date" data-date="2025-03-24T05:30:00+01:00" href="/hemeroteca/2025-03-24/">24 mar 2025 - 05:30<abbr title="Central European Time"> CET</abbr></a></time></span></div><p class="c_d">El libro de ensayos ‘Mujer y negra’ de la escritora y cineasta zimbabuense se traduce y publica en español y abre una puerta a su infancia entre Zimbabue e Inglaterra, la historia de su país y su forma de ver el feminismo africano </p></article><article class="c c-o c-d c--m-n " data-word="0"><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t c_t-i "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-21/asi-ayudan-los-bosques-a-alimentar-mejor-al-mundo.html">Así ayudan los bosques a alimentar mejor al mundo</a></h2></header><div class="c_a">Qu Dongyu<span class="c_a_t"><span class="c_a_vr">|</span><time dateTime="2025-03-21T05:30:00+01:00" title="Ver todas las noticias de esa fecha"><a id="sc_date" data-date="2025-03-21T05:30:00+01:00" href="/hemeroteca/2025-03-21/">21 mar 2025 - 05:30<abbr title="Central European Time"> CET</abbr></a></time></span></div><p class="c_d">La Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura (FAO) subraya la importancia de instaurar políticas que consideren la foresta esencial para la seguridad y la diversidad alimentaria </p></article></div></div></section><section class="b b-t _g-o b-t-df b-t-1" data-dtm-region="portada_tematicos_destacamos" aria-labelledby="tematico-1743644020624-923"><header class="header b_h _df _pr"><div class="b_h_w _pr"><span class="b_h_t _pr" id="tematico-1743644020624-923">Destacamos</span></div></header><div class="b-t_w b_sb"><div class="b-t_d _g _g-xs b_cnb-lg b_row-2 b-t_d-4"><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-08/mas-alla-del-feminismo-blanco-cinco-relatos-de-mujeres-desde-el-sur-global.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="De izquierda a derecha, Fariba Quraishi, Fatimata Touré, Rehana Parvin, Evangelina Contreras y Edith Espínola." decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="311" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/CZVZB26HC5BXNNA5ARFKZDXPTY.jpg?auth=69039faaad217d12eb6b8036b570b1a1f7f2d95bb73a9fb5d6248fa09c1a9f9e&width=414&height=311&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/CZVZB26HC5BXNNA5ARFKZDXPTY.jpg?auth=69039faaad217d12eb6b8036b570b1a1f7f2d95bb73a9fb5d6248fa09c1a9f9e&width=828&height=621&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/CZVZB26HC5BXNNA5ARFKZDXPTY.jpg?auth=69039faaad217d12eb6b8036b570b1a1f7f2d95bb73a9fb5d6248fa09c1a9f9e&width=414&height=311&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-08/mas-alla-del-feminismo-blanco-cinco-relatos-de-mujeres-desde-el-sur-global.html">Más allá del feminismo blanco: cinco relatos de mujeres desde el Sur Global</a></h2></header><div class="c_a">Planeta Futuro</div></article><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-02-23/a-donde-va-el-pantalon-que-tiramos-a-un-contenedor-de-ropa-usada-once-meses-de-investigacion-y-miles-de-kilometros-recorridos.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Ropa usada" decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="311" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/M7UIZK654FG7DCCREPQNMWIEII.jpeg?auth=7eea87bc6982d301b935fee2a86cddeaab7dad39c650554250df1eb848494145&width=414&height=311&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/M7UIZK654FG7DCCREPQNMWIEII.jpeg?auth=7eea87bc6982d301b935fee2a86cddeaab7dad39c650554250df1eb848494145&width=828&height=621&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/M7UIZK654FG7DCCREPQNMWIEII.jpeg?auth=7eea87bc6982d301b935fee2a86cddeaab7dad39c650554250df1eb848494145&width=414&height=311&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-02-23/a-donde-va-el-pantalon-que-tiramos-a-un-contenedor-de-ropa-usada-once-meses-de-investigacion-y-miles-de-kilometros-recorridos.html">¿A dónde va el pantalón que tiramos a un contenedor de ropa usada? Once meses de investigación y miles de kilómetros recorridos</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/ana-carbajosa/" class="c_a_a">Ana Carbajosa</a> / <a href="https://elpais.com/autor/patricia-rodriguez-blanco/" class="c_a_a">Patricia R. Blanco</a> / <a href="https://elpais.com/autor/beatriz-lecumberri/" class="c_a_a">Beatriz Lecumberri</a></div></article><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-01-29/amitabh-behar-nos-estamos-moviendo-desde-un-escenario-de-desigualdad-a-otro-de-oligarquias-globales.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Amitabh Behar, executive director of Oxfam International, pictured in Madrid on Tuesday, January 28, 2025." decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="311" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/YMGLFMZIXVFO7AKO53JZQAXRVU.JPG?auth=ed2d2ffcbe7d6077ca4676f6dcc498b4d1583a20096e385346c8bfdebb44fa27&width=414&height=311&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/YMGLFMZIXVFO7AKO53JZQAXRVU.JPG?auth=ed2d2ffcbe7d6077ca4676f6dcc498b4d1583a20096e385346c8bfdebb44fa27&width=828&height=621&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/YMGLFMZIXVFO7AKO53JZQAXRVU.JPG?auth=ed2d2ffcbe7d6077ca4676f6dcc498b4d1583a20096e385346c8bfdebb44fa27&width=414&height=311&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-01-29/amitabh-behar-nos-estamos-moviendo-desde-un-escenario-de-desigualdad-a-otro-de-oligarquias-globales.html">Amitabh Behar: “Nos estamos moviendo desde un escenario de desigualdad a otro de oligarquías globales”</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/patricia-rodriguez-blanco/" class="c_a_a">Patricia R. Blanco</a></div></article><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-01-17/superviviente-de-nagasaki-la-bomba-de-1945-es-un-artefacto-artesanal-comparado-con-el-armamento-nuclear-actual.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Shigemitsu Tanaka, superviviente de Nagasaki, este jueves en un colegio de Madrid." decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="311" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/OOWQLPG3KNFHFHE3Z7BUUQWB7A.JPG?auth=39e48b37d7d50ef082adebbd8f11044293ba89590f89c2d8ea9c393aab50382b&width=414&height=311&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/OOWQLPG3KNFHFHE3Z7BUUQWB7A.JPG?auth=39e48b37d7d50ef082adebbd8f11044293ba89590f89c2d8ea9c393aab50382b&width=828&height=621&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/OOWQLPG3KNFHFHE3Z7BUUQWB7A.JPG?auth=39e48b37d7d50ef082adebbd8f11044293ba89590f89c2d8ea9c393aab50382b&width=414&height=311&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-01-17/superviviente-de-nagasaki-la-bomba-de-1945-es-un-artefacto-artesanal-comparado-con-el-armamento-nuclear-actual.html">Superviviente de Nagasaki: “La bomba de 1945 es un artefacto artesanal comparado con el armamento nuclear actual”</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/beatriz-lecumberri/" class="c_a_a">Beatriz Lecumberri</a></div></article></div></div></section></div><div class="z z-te"><section class="b b-t _g-o b-t-df b-t-3" data-dtm-region="portada_tematicos_salud-global" aria-labelledby="tematico-1743644020649-930"><header class="header b_h _df _pr"><div class="b_h_w _pr"><span class="b_h_t _pr" id="tematico-1743644020649-930">Salud global</span></div></header><div class="b-t_w _g _g-lg b_row b_sb"><div class="b-t_a b_col"><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-27/recortes-de-fondos-internacionales-de-lucha-contra-el-sida-causaran-hasta-29-millones-de-muertes-entre-2025-y-2030.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Una persona se somete a un test de diagnóstico de sida en Kolkata, en India, el 17 de marzo de 2025." decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="233" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/TZVLAJOGCPP3QOOXXQM4A2HQRE.jpg?auth=ce3209bb04b0be24007fc596278352665807b681b5c2f5b7239a841477b0028c&width=414&height=233&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/TZVLAJOGCPP3QOOXXQM4A2HQRE.jpg?auth=ce3209bb04b0be24007fc596278352665807b681b5c2f5b7239a841477b0028c&width=828&height=466&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/TZVLAJOGCPP3QOOXXQM4A2HQRE.jpg?auth=ce3209bb04b0be24007fc596278352665807b681b5c2f5b7239a841477b0028c&width=414&height=233&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-27/recortes-de-fondos-internacionales-de-lucha-contra-el-sida-causaran-hasta-29-millones-de-muertes-entre-2025-y-2030.html">Recortes de fondos internacionales de lucha contra el sida causarán hasta 2,9 millones de muertes entre 2025 y 2030</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/beatriz-lecumberri/" class="c_a_a">Beatriz Lecumberri</a></div><p class="c_d">Un estudio publicado en ‘The Lancet’ predice un retroceso de dos décadas en la lucha contra el VIH si se suspende esta financiación. La mayoría de fallecidos estarán en el África subsahariana y entre las poblaciones vulnerables</p></article></div><div class="b-t_b b_col b_st b_st-r-lg"><article class="c c-d c--m-n " data-word="0"><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-25/un-nino-nacido-en-africa-subsahariana-tiene-18-veces-mas-probabilidades-de-morir-antes-de-cumplir-los-cinco-que-uno-nacido-en-australia.html">Un niño nacido en África subsahariana tiene 18 veces más probabilidades de morir antes de cumplir los cinco que uno nacido en Australia </a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/silvia-laboreo-longas/" class="c_a_a">Silvia Laboreo Longás</a></div><p class="c_d">Un informe de la ONU alerta de que los recortes actuales en financiación pueden provocar un retroceso en la lucha contra las muertes infantiles, cuya tasa se ha reducido a la mitad desde el año 2000</p></article><article class="c c-d c--m-n " data-word="0"><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-24/la-tuberculosis-el-otro-enemigo-mortal-de-los-mineros-de-pakistan.html">La tuberculosis, el otro enemigo mortal de los mineros de Pakistán</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/maria-del-carmen-garcia-montero/" class="c_a_a">Mai Montero</a></div></article></div><div class="b-t_c b_col b_st b_st-r-lg"><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-20/invertir-mas-en-salud-para-gastar-menos-en-enfermedades-cuando-el-cambio-comienza-en-las-ciudades.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Una niña bebe agua en una escuela primaria municipal de la ciudad argentina de Córdoba en una imagen cedida por la Alianza de Ciudades Sostenibles." decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="311" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/GECPCQQLWVEG7BR5CU4SFOX22Q.jpeg?auth=d37e975d1733abc46e906a86ed04c4c716af766deb9cef96b2fc4f30f5b7c328&width=414&height=311&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/GECPCQQLWVEG7BR5CU4SFOX22Q.jpeg?auth=d37e975d1733abc46e906a86ed04c4c716af766deb9cef96b2fc4f30f5b7c328&width=828&height=621&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/GECPCQQLWVEG7BR5CU4SFOX22Q.jpeg?auth=d37e975d1733abc46e906a86ed04c4c716af766deb9cef96b2fc4f30f5b7c328&width=414&height=311&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-20/invertir-mas-en-salud-para-gastar-menos-en-enfermedades-cuando-el-cambio-comienza-en-las-ciudades.html">“Invertir más en salud para gastar menos en enfermedades”: Cuando el cambio comienza en las ciudades</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/beatriz-lecumberri/" class="c_a_a">Beatriz Lecumberri</a></div><p class="c_d">Representantes de más de 60 ciudades se reúnen en París para compartir esfuerzos e iniciativas en su lucha contra las dolencias no transmisibles, responsables del 80% de las muertes anuales en el mundo, especialmente en zonas castigadas por la pobreza</p></article></div></div></section><section class="b b-t _g-o b-t-ad" data-dtm-region="portada_tematicos_derechos-de-la-mujer" aria-labelledby="tematico-1743644020670-803"><header class="header b_h _df _pr"><div class="b_h_w _pr"><span class="b_h_t _pr" id="tematico-1743644020670-803">Derechos de la mujer</span></div></header><div class="b-t_w _g _g-lg"><div class="b-t_a"><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-22/dentro-de-la-mina-en-el-congo-pero-lejos-de-los-beneficios-las-mujeres-viven-en-una-completa-inseguridad-fisica-y-economica.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Bernadette Kapend Muambu" decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="311" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/PX3VOXSB5FED7DUPZCIMURNTH4.JPG?auth=74d324beda5fdb3682cf96a9ea0b7fc4807d8829eee0baf3e17bcd52edcbb184&width=414&height=311&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/PX3VOXSB5FED7DUPZCIMURNTH4.JPG?auth=74d324beda5fdb3682cf96a9ea0b7fc4807d8829eee0baf3e17bcd52edcbb184&width=828&height=621&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/PX3VOXSB5FED7DUPZCIMURNTH4.JPG?auth=74d324beda5fdb3682cf96a9ea0b7fc4807d8829eee0baf3e17bcd52edcbb184&width=414&height=311&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-22/dentro-de-la-mina-en-el-congo-pero-lejos-de-los-beneficios-las-mujeres-viven-en-una-completa-inseguridad-fisica-y-economica.html">Dentro de la mina en el Congo, pero lejos de los beneficios: “Las mujeres viven en una completa inseguridad física y económica”</a></h2></header><div class="c_a">Tatiana Miralles</div><p class="c_d">En este país, gran productor de cobalto, las congoleñas realizan trabajos muy duros, pero cobran menos que un hombre o no cobran y se ven excluidas de la toma de decisiones. Bernadette Kapend Muambu es cofundadora de una organización que defiende sus derechos </p></article></div><div class="b-t_d b-t_d-4 b_row b_st _g _g-xs"><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-18/karina-bedkowska-directora-es-dificil-ser-cineasta-principiante-y-aun-mas-dificil-ser-mujer-cineasta-principiante.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Karina Będkowska" decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="414" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/HFXKYMO6WVEVFK6IFJF7CMPU6E.jpg?auth=9181478cf14e3d335d5e51c730d988edefcaa1f95cecbbbfceda4638b327458d&width=414&height=414&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/HFXKYMO6WVEVFK6IFJF7CMPU6E.jpg?auth=9181478cf14e3d335d5e51c730d988edefcaa1f95cecbbbfceda4638b327458d&width=828&height=828&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/HFXKYMO6WVEVFK6IFJF7CMPU6E.jpg?auth=9181478cf14e3d335d5e51c730d988edefcaa1f95cecbbbfceda4638b327458d&width=414&height=414&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-18/karina-bedkowska-directora-es-dificil-ser-cineasta-principiante-y-aun-mas-dificil-ser-mujer-cineasta-principiante.html">Karina Będkowska, directora: “Es difícil ser cineasta principiante y aún más difícil ser mujer cineasta principiante”</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/beatriz-lecumberri/" class="c_a_a">Beatriz Lecumberri</a></div></article><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-17/las-leyes-discriminatorias-multiplican-el-numero-de-mujeres-en-prision-la-pobreza-es-lo-primero-que-se-condena.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Foto de archivo de una mujer privada de su libertad en una cárcel de la capital colombiana, en Bogotá, Colombia, el 10 de diciembre de 2021." decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="414" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/CY3XTG3RQVHIXC4JNJISGZTPIU.jpg?auth=4c15fb4ab01e20897ace5e7b0787ca4e3ed93fcbdf7d036811afabba640a7db6&width=414&height=414&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/CY3XTG3RQVHIXC4JNJISGZTPIU.jpg?auth=4c15fb4ab01e20897ace5e7b0787ca4e3ed93fcbdf7d036811afabba640a7db6&width=828&height=828&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/CY3XTG3RQVHIXC4JNJISGZTPIU.jpg?auth=4c15fb4ab01e20897ace5e7b0787ca4e3ed93fcbdf7d036811afabba640a7db6&width=414&height=414&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-17/las-leyes-discriminatorias-multiplican-el-numero-de-mujeres-en-prision-la-pobreza-es-lo-primero-que-se-condena.html">Las leyes discriminatorias multiplican el número de mujeres en prisión: “La pobreza es lo primero que se condena”</a></h2></header><div class="c_a">M. Fernanda Lattuada</div></article><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-v c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-15/el-feminismo-es-una-palabra-que-no-existe-en-lenguas-que-no-sean-hegemonicas.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Yásnaya Elena Aguilar Gil, Adilia de las Mercedes y Rafia Zakaria" decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-v" height="415" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/6RZQJ3IEM5BJBHPWSVNTHM65PY.jpg?auth=25389978df2b8a5f91f747fdfbc0962cd9f743c31ee7dd21faf19ac322d523a8&width=414&height=414&focal=2380%2C643 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/6RZQJ3IEM5BJBHPWSVNTHM65PY.jpg?auth=25389978df2b8a5f91f747fdfbc0962cd9f743c31ee7dd21faf19ac322d523a8&width=828&height=828&focal=2380%2C643 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/6RZQJ3IEM5BJBHPWSVNTHM65PY.jpg?auth=25389978df2b8a5f91f747fdfbc0962cd9f743c31ee7dd21faf19ac322d523a8&width=414&height=414&focal=2380%2C643" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-15/el-feminismo-es-una-palabra-que-no-existe-en-lenguas-que-no-sean-hegemonicas.html">“El feminismo es una palabra que no existe en lenguas que no sean hegemónicas” </a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/patricia-rodriguez-blanco/" class="c_a_a">Patricia R. Blanco</a></div></article><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-09/las-cuatro-sirias-que-conviven-en-un-pais-fracturado-por-la-guerra.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Las sirias que han vivido casi tres lustros en las zonas controladas por Bachar El Asad, bajo la administración kurda, bajo el califato islámico o bajo los rebeldes islamistas se cruzan hoy en las aceras de Damasco. En la imagen, el casco histórico de la capital siria el pasado 4 de febrero." decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="414" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/YXC3Y33TFVBCPCZHDAFJE7ETSI.jpg?auth=c8736fb724e8b3f9953bf116be7a629bfff06b32eb36117976b5e367f4b4ed8a&width=414&height=414&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/YXC3Y33TFVBCPCZHDAFJE7ETSI.jpg?auth=c8736fb724e8b3f9953bf116be7a629bfff06b32eb36117976b5e367f4b4ed8a&width=828&height=828&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/YXC3Y33TFVBCPCZHDAFJE7ETSI.jpg?auth=c8736fb724e8b3f9953bf116be7a629bfff06b32eb36117976b5e367f4b4ed8a&width=414&height=414&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-09/las-cuatro-sirias-que-conviven-en-un-pais-fracturado-por-la-guerra.html">Las cuatro sirias que conviven en un país fracturado por la guerra</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/natalia-sancha/" class="c_a_a">Natalia Sancha</a></div></article></div><div class="b-t_ad b_col b_ad-st _dn"><div id="elpais_gpt-MPU2" data-adtype="MPU" class="ad ad ad-mpu"><span class="_dn">_</span></div></div></div></section><section class="b b-t _g-o b-t-df b-t-3" data-dtm-region="portada_tematicos_desarrollo-en-africa" aria-labelledby="tematico-1743644020697-461"><header class="header b_h _df _pr"><div class="b_h_w _pr"><span class="b_h_t _pr" id="tematico-1743644020697-461">Desarrollo en África</span></div></header><div class="b-t_w _g _g-lg b_row b_sb"><div class="b-t_a b_col"><article class="c c-o c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-02-21/souleymane-cisse-el-primer-cineasta-africano-negro-en-recibir-un-galardon-del-festival-de-cannes.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Souleymane Cissé" decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="233" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/L3PMY6YT25GSPL2IHXDZF6DKCA.jpg?auth=f69e25b58b70569245ee947b06a4f39f32962efb4300cc8c3151976442cd49f2&width=414&height=233&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/L3PMY6YT25GSPL2IHXDZF6DKCA.jpg?auth=f69e25b58b70569245ee947b06a4f39f32962efb4300cc8c3151976442cd49f2&width=828&height=466&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/L3PMY6YT25GSPL2IHXDZF6DKCA.jpg?auth=f69e25b58b70569245ee947b06a4f39f32962efb4300cc8c3151976442cd49f2&width=414&height=233&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t c_t-i "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-02-21/souleymane-cisse-el-primer-cineasta-africano-negro-en-recibir-un-galardon-del-festival-de-cannes.html">Souleymane Cissé, el primer cineasta africano negro en recibir un galardón del Festival de Cannes</a></h2></header><div class="c_a">Mane Cisneros</div><p class="c_d">El director conocido por filmes como ‘Den Muso’ y ‘Yeelen’ deja un legado imborrable en la historia del cine africano y mundial, marcado por su valentía para abordar temas sociales y políticos</p></article></div><div class="b-t_b b_col b_st b_st-r-lg"><article class="c c-d c--m-n " data-word="0"><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-02-17/africa-se-sube-al-negocio-de-las-remesas-digitales-y-presiona-para-reducir-el-coste-de-las-transacciones.html">África se sube al negocio de las remesas digitales y presiona para reducir el coste de las transacciones</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/ana-maria-puentes-pulido/" class="c_a_a">Ana Puentes</a></div><p class="c_d">Las ‘start-ups’ despiertan el interés de inversores y, a la vez, empujan al mercado para aprovechar mejor el dinero que envía la diáspora africana hacia el continente más caro del mundo para estas operaciones financieras</p></article><article class="c c-d c--m-n " data-word="0"><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-02-17/invertir-en-innovacion-y-creer-en-los-jovenes-para-hacer-realidad-un-turismo-respetuoso-en-africa.html">Invertir en innovación y creer en los jóvenes para hacer realidad un turismo respetuoso en África</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/angeles-lucas/" class="c_a_a">Ángeles Lucas</a></div><p class="c_d">ONU Turismo abrirá una oficina temática sobre nuevas tecnologías e ideas con sede en Marruecos, el país más visitado del continente en 2024 </p></article></div><div class="b-t_c b_col b_st b_st-r-lg"><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-02-15/en-espana-la-gente-piensa-que-las-personas-negras-acabamos-de-llegar-afromayores-o-como-envejecer-lejos-de-su-tierra.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Personas afro tercera edad" decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="233" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/XCHYXPFG3ZDO5DGM2LJ3GAZANM.png?auth=741285c4ae1e5a4b53e918b9fd35a5747c8dd29da1552ae8ebc29d660326676e&width=414&height=233&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/XCHYXPFG3ZDO5DGM2LJ3GAZANM.png?auth=741285c4ae1e5a4b53e918b9fd35a5747c8dd29da1552ae8ebc29d660326676e&width=828&height=466&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/XCHYXPFG3ZDO5DGM2LJ3GAZANM.png?auth=741285c4ae1e5a4b53e918b9fd35a5747c8dd29da1552ae8ebc29d660326676e&width=414&height=233&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-02-15/en-espana-la-gente-piensa-que-las-personas-negras-acabamos-de-llegar-afromayores-o-como-envejecer-lejos-de-su-tierra.html">“En España, la gente piensa que las personas negras acabamos de llegar”: ‘Afromayores’ o cómo envejecer lejos de su tierra</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/silvia-laboreo-longas/" class="c_a_a">Silvia Laboreo Longás</a></div><p class="c_d">La periodista Lucía-Asué Mbomío Rubio y el fotógrafo Laurent Leger-Adame recogen en un proyecto audiovisual la memoria de las personas afro de la tercera edad: su día a día, sus historias migratorias, las trabas sufridas cuando llegaron y cómo viven la jubilación</p></article><article class="c c-d c--m-n " data-word="0"><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-02-09/maram-kaire-astronomo-senegales-el-desarrollo-del-continente-africano-pasara-por-el-sector-espacial.html">Maram Kairé, astrónomo senegalés: “El desarrollo del continente africano pasará por el sector espacial”</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/laura-feal-sanchez/" class="c_a_a">Laura Feal</a></div></article></div></div></section><section class="b b-t _g-o b-t-df b-t-1" data-dtm-region="portada_tematicos_seguridad-alimentaria" aria-labelledby="tematico-1743644020723-820"><header class="header b_h _df _pr"><div class="b_h_w _pr"><span class="b_h_t _pr" id="tematico-1743644020723-820">Seguridad alimentaria</span></div></header><div class="b-t_w b_sb"><div class="b-t_d _g _g-xs b_cnb-lg b_row-2 b-t_d-4"><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-14/una-operacion-secreta-para-salvar-las-semillas-de-sudan-de-la-guerra-los-laboratorios-fueron-robados-o-destruidos.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="El equipo del Centro de Investigación y Conservación de Recursos Genéticos de Plantas Agrícolas prepara muestras de semillas de sorgo para pruebas de germinación, en una foto de archivo de 2022." decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="311" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/HQWAJUZIGZAANMN3CS5GPXE7LA.jpg?auth=3a2be2c0c95bfb54c323da53e7ec4a80af18f068b30ddb55cbc3f542c58aa301&width=414&height=311&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/HQWAJUZIGZAANMN3CS5GPXE7LA.jpg?auth=3a2be2c0c95bfb54c323da53e7ec4a80af18f068b30ddb55cbc3f542c58aa301&width=828&height=621&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/HQWAJUZIGZAANMN3CS5GPXE7LA.jpg?auth=3a2be2c0c95bfb54c323da53e7ec4a80af18f068b30ddb55cbc3f542c58aa301&width=414&height=311&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-14/una-operacion-secreta-para-salvar-las-semillas-de-sudan-de-la-guerra-los-laboratorios-fueron-robados-o-destruidos.html">Una operación secreta para salvar las semillas de Sudán de la guerra: “Los laboratorios fueron robados o destruidos”</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/ana-maria-puentes-pulido/" class="c_a_a">Ana Puentes</a></div></article><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-01-14/mas-de-150-cientificos-premiados-internacionalmente-piden-actuar-ya-para-evitar-la-hambruna-global-que-se-avecina.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Franja de Gaza" decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="311" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/HLJKAYXG5NDBXLOLJKZCAOJJ5A.JPG?auth=3f7a0881378f556e10e8baf40c99290c6c15f792366e373522d50296a2f072da&width=414&height=311&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/HLJKAYXG5NDBXLOLJKZCAOJJ5A.JPG?auth=3f7a0881378f556e10e8baf40c99290c6c15f792366e373522d50296a2f072da&width=828&height=621&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/HLJKAYXG5NDBXLOLJKZCAOJJ5A.JPG?auth=3f7a0881378f556e10e8baf40c99290c6c15f792366e373522d50296a2f072da&width=414&height=311&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-01-14/mas-de-150-cientificos-premiados-internacionalmente-piden-actuar-ya-para-evitar-la-hambruna-global-que-se-avecina.html">Más de 150 científicos premiados internacionalmente piden actuar ya para evitar la hambruna global que se avecina</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/agencia-efe/" class="c_a_a">EFE</a></div></article><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-01-10/asi-contribuye-el-grano-de-ucrania-a-paliar-el-hambre-en-malaui-tras-el-paso-de-el-nino.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Ciudadanos de la aldea de Matola, en el centro de Malaui, reciben la semana pasada sacos de maíz del programa Grano de Ucrania." decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="311" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/JHXKXUHNGJBMLNIOC6UNBTLJRU.jpg?auth=c4160485133fe6210bbf53385dac2cabe56d84309dd986a832f80f31bc618f89&width=414&height=311&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/JHXKXUHNGJBMLNIOC6UNBTLJRU.jpg?auth=c4160485133fe6210bbf53385dac2cabe56d84309dd986a832f80f31bc618f89&width=828&height=621&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/JHXKXUHNGJBMLNIOC6UNBTLJRU.jpg?auth=c4160485133fe6210bbf53385dac2cabe56d84309dd986a832f80f31bc618f89&width=414&height=311&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-01-10/asi-contribuye-el-grano-de-ucrania-a-paliar-el-hambre-en-malaui-tras-el-paso-de-el-nino.html">Así contribuye el grano de Ucrania a paliar el hambre en Malaui tras el paso de El Niño</a></h2></header><div class="c_a">Charles Pensulo</div></article><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2024-12-19/sin-tierra-no-hay-sistema-alimentario-por-que-desaparecen-las-dietas-indigenas-africanas.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Desde la izquierda, Clare Ronoh (ogiek), Amina Zioul (amazigh) y Nicolas Mukumo (pigmeo), a finales de septiembre durante la feria Terra Madre, en Turín (Italia)." decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="311" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/ACOPGFQNAZCKJFDIMW2IR3FWFU.jpeg?auth=3238247c1c063d6bb1771bf1bcf0138a04c1d1ab561d53f8a648eabd134dabb7&width=414&height=311&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/ACOPGFQNAZCKJFDIMW2IR3FWFU.jpeg?auth=3238247c1c063d6bb1771bf1bcf0138a04c1d1ab561d53f8a648eabd134dabb7&width=828&height=621&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/ACOPGFQNAZCKJFDIMW2IR3FWFU.jpeg?auth=3238247c1c063d6bb1771bf1bcf0138a04c1d1ab561d53f8a648eabd134dabb7&width=414&height=311&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2024-12-19/sin-tierra-no-hay-sistema-alimentario-por-que-desaparecen-las-dietas-indigenas-africanas.html">Sin tierra no hay sistema alimentario: por qué desaparecen las dietas indígenas africanas</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/rodrigo-santodomingo-costa/" class="c_a_a">Rodrigo Santodomingo</a></div></article></div></div></section><section class="b b-t _g-o b-t-ad" data-dtm-region="portada_tematicos_infancia" aria-labelledby="tematico-1743644020744-43"><header class="header b_h _df _pr"><div class="b_h_w _pr"><span class="b_h_t _pr" id="tematico-1743644020744-43">Infancia</span></div></header><div class="b-t_w _g _g-lg"><div class="b-t_bc_w _g _g-md b_st-md"><div class="b-t_b b_st b_st-r-md b_col"><article class="c c-d c--m-n " data-word="0"><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t c_t-lg"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-21/las-sanciones-a-la-ayuda-exterior-aumentan-la-mortalidad-materna-e-infantil-en-los-paises-de-ingresos-bajos-y-medios.html">Las sanciones a la ayuda exterior aumentan la mortalidad materna e infantil en los países de ingresos bajos y medios</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/silvia-laboreo-longas/" class="c_a_a">Silvia Laboreo Longás</a></div><p class="c_d">Un análisis de tres décadas de estas medidas coercitivas, publicado en ‘The Lancet Global Health’, estima que aquellas que duran cinco años o más pueden anular el 64% de los avances en la lucha contra la mortalidad materna y el 26% del progreso en reducción de muertes de menores de cinco años </p></article></div><div class="b-t_c b_st b_st-r-md b_col"><article class="c c-d c--m-n " data-word="0"><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t c_t-lg"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-13/aulas-vacias-el-enorme-coste-oculto-del-oro-nigeriano.html">Aulas vacías: el enorme coste oculto del oro nigeriano</a></h2></header><div class="c_a">David Arome</div><p class="c_d">La pobreza empuja a muchos niños a trabajar en las minas del país africano, donde la mayoría de la población está en edad de estudiar. El Gobierno y las instituciones educativas intentan atraer a los niños a clase, pero piden más medios y voluntad política</p></article></div></div><div class="b-t_d b-t_d-3 b_row b_st _g _g-xs"><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-07/la-guerra-en-sudan-dispara-las-violaciones-contra-ninos-algunos-de-tan-solo-un-ano.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Sudan" decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="311" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/T4UARXKMVRF57BGYOQS2HJ5J54.jpg?auth=8c9b2c48867547fc50a71992d939a0c932ddcd66f28b59535fcd530b4cbfd682&width=414&height=311&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/T4UARXKMVRF57BGYOQS2HJ5J54.jpg?auth=8c9b2c48867547fc50a71992d939a0c932ddcd66f28b59535fcd530b4cbfd682&width=828&height=621&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/T4UARXKMVRF57BGYOQS2HJ5J54.jpg?auth=8c9b2c48867547fc50a71992d939a0c932ddcd66f28b59535fcd530b4cbfd682&width=414&height=311&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t c_t-lg"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-07/la-guerra-en-sudan-dispara-las-violaciones-contra-ninos-algunos-de-tan-solo-un-ano.html">La guerra en Sudán dispara las violaciones contra niños, algunos de tan solo un año</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/marc-espanol-escofet/" class="c_a_a">Marc Español</a></div></article><article class="c c-d c--m-n " data-word="0"><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t c_t-lg"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-04/el-matrimonio-infantil-impide-la-educacion-de-las-ninas-en-el-noroeste-rural-de-nigeria-cuando-supe-que-mis-padres-planeaban-casarme-me-escape-de-casa.html">El matrimonio infantil impide la educación de las niñas en el noroeste rural de Nigeria: “Cuando supe que mis padres planeaban casarme, me escapé de casa”</a></h2></header><div class="c_a">Abdulwaheed Sofiullahi</div><p class="c_d">Esta práctica sigue siendo un problema grave en el país, especialmente en el Estado de Kano, impulsada por una mezcla de tradición, pobreza y falta de formación. Para los expertos, asistir a la escuela es clave a la hora de romper el ciclo</p></article><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-01/radiografia-de-la-violencia-contra-la-infancia-en-haiti-violaciones-reclutamiento-hambre-y-escuelas-cerradas.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Violencia contra la infancia en Haiti" decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="311" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/IOX5BTBK75FN5ETJWQE6ZICVV4.jpg?auth=dddc9ba29e78297f75f4ef606848c8c3a13f0ee315c7d5d83079ffb90b261e2b&width=414&height=311&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/IOX5BTBK75FN5ETJWQE6ZICVV4.jpg?auth=dddc9ba29e78297f75f4ef606848c8c3a13f0ee315c7d5d83079ffb90b261e2b&width=828&height=621&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/IOX5BTBK75FN5ETJWQE6ZICVV4.jpg?auth=dddc9ba29e78297f75f4ef606848c8c3a13f0ee315c7d5d83079ffb90b261e2b&width=414&height=311&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t c_t-lg"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-01/radiografia-de-la-violencia-contra-la-infancia-en-haiti-violaciones-reclutamiento-hambre-y-escuelas-cerradas.html">Radiografía de la violencia contra la infancia en Haití: Violaciones, reclutamiento, hambre y escuelas cerradas</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/silvia-laboreo-longas/" class="c_a_a">Silvia Laboreo Longás</a></div></article></div><div class="b-t_ad b_col b_ad-st _dn"><div id="elpais_gpt-MPU3" data-adtype="MPU" class="ad ad ad-mpu"><span class="_dn">_</span></div></div></div></section><section class="b b-t _g-o b-t-df b-t-3" data-dtm-region="portada_tematicos_especiales" aria-labelledby="tematico-1743644020790-879"><header class="header b_h _df _pr"><div class="b_h_w _pr"><span class="b_h_t _pr" id="tematico-1743644020790-879">Especiales</span></div></header><div class="b-t_w _g _g-lg b_row b_sb"><div class="b-t_a b_col"><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2024-03-01/viaje-a-los-origenes-africanos-de-los-objetos-robados.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Viaje a los orígenes africanos de los objetos robados " decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="311" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/QI2KWBTD3ZHCJLZLW72UMSIBKQ.png?auth=51fe1a39cf1aaa9eb70ee6b5daa9e12caf51802ee898c8c3b40f08da2006daa9&width=414&height=311&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/QI2KWBTD3ZHCJLZLW72UMSIBKQ.png?auth=51fe1a39cf1aaa9eb70ee6b5daa9e12caf51802ee898c8c3b40f08da2006daa9&width=828&height=621&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/QI2KWBTD3ZHCJLZLW72UMSIBKQ.png?auth=51fe1a39cf1aaa9eb70ee6b5daa9e12caf51802ee898c8c3b40f08da2006daa9&width=414&height=311&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2024-03-01/viaje-a-los-origenes-africanos-de-los-objetos-robados.html">Viaje a los orígenes africanos de los objetos robados </a></h2></header><p class="c_d">Los colonizadores saquearon durante décadas de dominación decenas de miles de objetos en el continente africano. Muchos de ellos todavía se encuentran expuestos o almacenados en museos europeos, descontextualizados y despojados del significado espiritual que tienen en sus países. Ahora, la sed de restitución impulsa a una generación que exige justicia y que busca conocer su patrimonio</p></article></div><div class="b-t_b b_col b_st b_st-r-lg"><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2023-09-18/la-fiebre-de-las-nuevas-ciudades-africanas.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="La fiebre de las nuevas ciudades africanas" decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="233" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/DR5PGRHWTZEEHGP2TYLQ5IA5DM.gif?auth=6021d8e6970975aa12aa36faf9c177b4ce25dc616e91dd63ad7d5ee145e00c4c&width=414&height=233&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/DR5PGRHWTZEEHGP2TYLQ5IA5DM.gif?auth=6021d8e6970975aa12aa36faf9c177b4ce25dc616e91dd63ad7d5ee145e00c4c&width=828&height=466&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/DR5PGRHWTZEEHGP2TYLQ5IA5DM.gif?auth=6021d8e6970975aa12aa36faf9c177b4ce25dc616e91dd63ad7d5ee145e00c4c&width=414&height=233&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2023-09-18/la-fiebre-de-las-nuevas-ciudades-africanas.html">La fiebre de las nuevas ciudades africanas</a></h2></header><div class="c_a">Planeta Futuro</div><p class="c_d">Decenas de nuevas urbes emergen por todo un continente en el que la población crece y se muda a metrópolis cargadas de problemas</p></article><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2024-03-08/lo-que-seis-periodistas-africanas-quieren-que-leas-este-8-m.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Lo que seis periodistas africanas quieren que leas este 8M " decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="234" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/LSI5G6FGBZCT5GWRU4GZQ5RLTA.png?auth=84fca86c98ffa335420fd7511ef7b593ba2b0dedce36936860714e94c206a7ae&width=414&height=233&focal=691%2C200 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/LSI5G6FGBZCT5GWRU4GZQ5RLTA.png?auth=84fca86c98ffa335420fd7511ef7b593ba2b0dedce36936860714e94c206a7ae&width=828&height=466&focal=691%2C200 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/LSI5G6FGBZCT5GWRU4GZQ5RLTA.png?auth=84fca86c98ffa335420fd7511ef7b593ba2b0dedce36936860714e94c206a7ae&width=414&height=233&focal=691%2C200" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2024-03-08/lo-que-seis-periodistas-africanas-quieren-que-leas-este-8-m.html">Lo que seis periodistas africanas quieren que leas este 8M </a></h2></header><div class="c_a">PLANETA FUTURO<span class="c_a_vr">|</span><span class="c_a_l">Nairobi</span></div></article></div><div class="b-t_c b_col b_st b_st-r-lg"><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2023-11-27/ellos-se-ocultan-el-mundo-les-olvida.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Beatrice N'Guessan rehizo su vida después de padecer lepra de niña. Aún vive con su esposo y varios de sus nueve hijos en la antigua leprosería en la que le trataron la enfermedad hacer medio siglo." decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="233" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/5XS5M25Q4VGR7CVGQHPPQ4M35Q.jpg?auth=f5140ebbe86b7741ede463ce9af8f865dc365168ed9d3d644a30110fc4e8062c&width=414&height=233&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/5XS5M25Q4VGR7CVGQHPPQ4M35Q.jpg?auth=f5140ebbe86b7741ede463ce9af8f865dc365168ed9d3d644a30110fc4e8062c&width=828&height=466&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/5XS5M25Q4VGR7CVGQHPPQ4M35Q.jpg?auth=f5140ebbe86b7741ede463ce9af8f865dc365168ed9d3d644a30110fc4e8062c&width=414&height=233&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2023-11-27/ellos-se-ocultan-el-mundo-les-olvida.html">Ellos se ocultan, el mundo les olvida</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/alejandra-agudo/" class="c_a_a">Alejandra Agudo</a><span class="c_a_vr">|</span><span class="c_a_l">Daloa, Zoukougbeu (Costa de Marfil)</span></div><p class="c_d">Los supervivientes de dolencias como la lepra o la úlcera de Buruli rehacen sus vidas sin apenas apoyo y con el mal que padecieron marcado en su cuerpo</p></article><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2023-03-07/cinco-mandamientos-que-maleducan-a-las-mujeres.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Cinco mandamientos que (mal)educan a las mujeres" decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="233" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/MU3HTVPO65AGBEVE5ODRACZYXE.jpg?auth=df873dae190b629a5c1c7e9e69e501bf8661704d1dfd6b64a61a10fd36889250&width=414&height=233&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/MU3HTVPO65AGBEVE5ODRACZYXE.jpg?auth=df873dae190b629a5c1c7e9e69e501bf8661704d1dfd6b64a61a10fd36889250&width=828&height=466&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/MU3HTVPO65AGBEVE5ODRACZYXE.jpg?auth=df873dae190b629a5c1c7e9e69e501bf8661704d1dfd6b64a61a10fd36889250&width=414&height=233&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2023-03-07/cinco-mandamientos-que-maleducan-a-las-mujeres.html">Cinco mandamientos que (mal)educan a las mujeres</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/patricia-rodriguez-blanco/" class="c_a_a">Patricia R. Blanco</a> / <a href="https://elpais.com/autor/beatriz-lecumberri/" class="c_a_a">Beatriz Lecumberri / Alejandra Agudo / Lucía Foraster / Paula Herrera</a><span class="c_a_vr">|</span><span class="c_a_l">Madrid</span></div></article></div></div></section></div><div class="ad ad-giga ad-giga-2"><div id="elpais_gpt-LDB2" data-adtype="LDB" class="ad ad-ldb ad-ldb-2"><span class="_dn">_</span></div><div id="mldb2-wrapper" class="mldb2-wrapper"><div id="elpais_gpt-MLDB2" data-adtype="MLDB" class="ad ad-mldb ad-mldb-2"><span class="_dn">_</span></div></div></div><div class="z z-sc _g-o b"><div class="b_row b_row-s b_row-4 _g _g-md" data-dtm-region="portada_secciones"><section class="b b-sc" aria-labelledby="seccion-1743644020814-859"><header class="header b_h _df _pr"><div class="b_h_w _pr "><span id="seccion-1743644020814-859" class="b_h_t _pr">Medio Ambiente</span></div></header><div class="b-sc_w"><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-26/cada-europeo-compra-19-kilos-de-ropa-al-ano-y-genera-16-kilos-de-desechos-textiles.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Ropa" decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="311" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/NDFSROTQMFCGXMHWK4D4J2QXDQ.jpg?auth=3830f7bd96579a2e4626787b219ec287d86226f0feeb3b1fcdf940c3e7f5141a&width=414&height=311&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/NDFSROTQMFCGXMHWK4D4J2QXDQ.jpg?auth=3830f7bd96579a2e4626787b219ec287d86226f0feeb3b1fcdf940c3e7f5141a&width=828&height=621&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/NDFSROTQMFCGXMHWK4D4J2QXDQ.jpg?auth=3830f7bd96579a2e4626787b219ec287d86226f0feeb3b1fcdf940c3e7f5141a&width=414&height=311&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-26/cada-europeo-compra-19-kilos-de-ropa-al-ano-y-genera-16-kilos-de-desechos-textiles.html">Cada europeo compra 19 kilos de ropa al año y genera 16 kilos de desechos textiles</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/patricia-rodriguez-blanco/" class="c_a_a">Patricia R. Blanco</a></div></article><article class="c c-d c--m-n " data-word="0"><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-14/la-escasez-de-agua-en-sudafrica-y-el-dificil-acceso-a-licencias-afecta-a-los-agricultores-negros-y-blancos.html">La escasez de agua en Sudáfrica y el difícil acceso a licencias afecta a los agricultores negros y blancos</a></h2></header><div class="c_a">Ashley Simango</div></article><article class="c c-d c--m-n " data-word="0"><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/videos/2025-03-02/15-prendas-geolocalizadas-y-11-meses-de-trabajo-para-seguir-el-rastro-de-la-ropa-usada-asi-ha-sido-la-investigacion-de-planeta-futuro.html?autoplay=1">15 prendas geolocalizadas y 11 meses de trabajo para seguir el rastro de la ropa usada: así ha sido la investigación </a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/ana-carbajosa/" class="c_a_a">Ana Carbajosa</a> / <a href="https://elpais.com/autor/alvaro-gonzalez-lopez-serrano/" class="c_a_a">Álvaro González</a></div></article></div></section><section class="b b-sc" aria-labelledby="seccion-1743644020831-790"><header class="header b_h _df _pr"><div class="b_h_w _pr "><span id="seccion-1743644020831-790" class="b_h_t _pr">Derechos humanos</span></div></header><div class="b-sc_w"><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-25/una-semana-sin-tregua-en-gaza-estaba-convencida-de-haber-sobrevivido-a-esta-guerra-pero-podemos-morir-esta-noche.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="La hermana del periodista asesinado Mohamed Mansour sostenía su mano, el sábado en Gaza." decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="311" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/BM3WVW6WEBFMPIM6X5J5VIXIRE.jpg?auth=4b8e8c92c8dfeff555460ffdcb25337d0078e8e14ddb7e70a3f552a155ae73da&width=414&height=311&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/BM3WVW6WEBFMPIM6X5J5VIXIRE.jpg?auth=4b8e8c92c8dfeff555460ffdcb25337d0078e8e14ddb7e70a3f552a155ae73da&width=828&height=621&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/BM3WVW6WEBFMPIM6X5J5VIXIRE.jpg?auth=4b8e8c92c8dfeff555460ffdcb25337d0078e8e14ddb7e70a3f552a155ae73da&width=414&height=311&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-25/una-semana-sin-tregua-en-gaza-estaba-convencida-de-haber-sobrevivido-a-esta-guerra-pero-podemos-morir-esta-noche.html">Una semana sin tregua en Gaza: “Estaba convencida de haber sobrevivido a esta guerra, pero podemos morir esta noche”</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/beatriz-lecumberri/" class="c_a_a">Beatriz Lecumberri</a></div></article><article class="c c-d c--m-n " data-word="0"><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-20/gonzalo-abaha-escritor-ecuatoguineano-escribir-en-mi-caso-ha-sido-darle-voz-a-mi-dolor-y-al-del-entorno.html">Gonzalo Abaha, escritor ecuatoguineano: “Escribir, en mi caso, ha sido darle voz a mi dolor y al del entorno”</a></h2></header><div class="c_a">Trifonia Melibea</div></article><article class="c c-d c--m-n " data-word="0"><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-12/los-jovenes-queer-africanos-se-movilizan-ante-la-ola-de-homofobia-en-el-continente.html">Los jóvenes ‘queer’ africanos se movilizan ante la ola de homofobia en el continente</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/rodrigo-santodomingo-costa/" class="c_a_a">Rodrigo Santodomingo</a></div></article></div></section><section class="b b-sc" aria-labelledby="seccion-1743644020846-549"><header class="header b_h _df _pr"><div class="b_h_w _pr "><span id="seccion-1743644020846-549" class="b_h_t _pr">Refugiados</span></div></header><div class="b-sc_w"><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-23/los-suenos-rotos-de-la-refugiada-nema-musa-en-sudan-tenia-comida-una-rutina-y-una-vida.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Nema Musa" decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="311" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/JW5MCQNXAVG6JBKMBW6DZSFUZU.jpg?auth=dbf9f90ab9e2b65b961039619599c4ddca5baed30ad3524f48922c33e89a6de3&width=414&height=311&focal=1073%2C462 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/JW5MCQNXAVG6JBKMBW6DZSFUZU.jpg?auth=dbf9f90ab9e2b65b961039619599c4ddca5baed30ad3524f48922c33e89a6de3&width=828&height=621&focal=1073%2C462 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/JW5MCQNXAVG6JBKMBW6DZSFUZU.jpg?auth=dbf9f90ab9e2b65b961039619599c4ddca5baed30ad3524f48922c33e89a6de3&width=414&height=311&focal=1073%2C462" loading="lazy"/><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon_multimedia_gallery | _pa c_m_i " viewBox="0 0 40 40"><use xlink:href="#svg-gallery"></use></svg></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-23/los-suenos-rotos-de-la-refugiada-nema-musa-en-sudan-tenia-comida-una-rutina-y-una-vida.html">Los sueños rotos de la refugiada Nema Musa: En Sudán “tenía comida, una rutina y una vida”</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/elia-borras-guibes/" class="c_a_a">Èlia Borràs</a> / <a href="https://elpais.com/autor/diego-menjibar-reynes/" class="c_a_a">Diego Menjíbar</a></div></article><article class="c c-d c--m-n " data-word="0"><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-19/los-recortes-de-trump-privan-a-miles-de-refugiados-de-myanmar-de-agua-alimentos-y-medicinas.html">Los recortes de Trump privan a miles de refugiados de Myanmar de agua, alimentos y medicinas</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/valeria-mongelli/" class="c_a_a">Valeria Mongelli</a> / Rebecca Root</div></article><article class="c c-d c--m-n " data-word="0"><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-11/el-colera-la-diarrea-el-sarampion-o-la-malaria-nuevos-enemigos-de-los-desplazados-en-el-congo.html">El cólera, la diarrea, el sarampión o la malaria, nuevos enemigos de los desplazados en el Congo</a></h2></header><div class="c_a">Laetitia Kasongo</div></article></div></section><section class="b b-sc" aria-labelledby="seccion-1743644020868-116"><header class="header b_h _df _pr"><div class="b_h_w _pr "><span id="seccion-1743644020868-116" class="b_h_t _pr">Cooperación</span></div></header><div class="b-sc_w"><article class="c c-d c--m " data-word="0"><figure class="c_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-05/espana-promueve-la-suspension-temporal-o-el-canje-de-la-deuda-de-los-paises-mas-pobres.html" class="c_m_c _pr _db"><img alt="Instituto Nacional de Hepatología y Virología de Nuakchot" decoding="auto" class="c_m_e _re lazyload a_m-h" height="311" srcSet="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/FPUIY6M7PNEENJGJQ3QXX6Y33Y.jpg?auth=f7e95d92b243e182ce3f8a86f86e6632672329854d0df996d6581176aba32700&width=414&height=311&smart=true 414w,https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/FPUIY6M7PNEENJGJQ3QXX6Y33Y.jpg?auth=f7e95d92b243e182ce3f8a86f86e6632672329854d0df996d6581176aba32700&width=828&height=621&smart=true 828w" width="414" sizes="(min-width:1199px)1155px,(min-width:1001px)calc(100vw-44px),(min-width:768px)767px,100vw" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/FPUIY6M7PNEENJGJQ3QXX6Y33Y.jpg?auth=f7e95d92b243e182ce3f8a86f86e6632672329854d0df996d6581176aba32700&width=414&height=311&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-05/espana-promueve-la-suspension-temporal-o-el-canje-de-la-deuda-de-los-paises-mas-pobres.html">España promueve la suspensión temporal o el canje de la deuda de los países más pobres</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/jose-naranjo/" class="c_a_a">José Naranjo</a></div></article><article class="c c-d c--m-n " data-word="0"><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-02/espana-con-riesgo-de-suspender-en-su-objetivo-del-07-del-pib-pero-con-sobresaliente-frente-al-recorte-de-ayudas-global.html">España, con riesgo de suspender en su objetivo del 0,7% del PIB, pero con sobresaliente frente al recorte de ayudas global</a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/beatriz-lecumberri/" class="c_a_a">Beatriz Lecumberri</a></div></article><article class="c c-d c--m-n " data-word="0"><header class="c_h"><h2 class="c_t "><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-02-21/autosuficiencia-o-mirar-hacia-china-el-agujero-que-deja-trump-en-ayuda-exterior-obliga-a-africa-a-buscar-alternativas.html">Autosuficiencia o mirar hacia China: el agujero que deja Trump en ayuda exterior obliga a África a buscar alternativas </a></h2></header><div class="c_a"><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/josep-cata-figuls/" class="c_a_a">Josep Catà Figuls</a></div></article></div></section></div><div class="b_hr"></div></div></main><footer class="z-fo"><section class="b _g-o"><div class="b-rspf "><div class="b-rspf_c"><div class="b-rspf_c_h"><svg viewBox="0 0 26 26"><title>Twitter</title><use xlink:href="#svg-twitter"></use></svg></div><div class="b-rspf_c_t"><a href="https://twitter.com/Planeta_Futuro">Twitter</a></div><div class="b-rspf_c_b">Síguenos en Twitter para estar informado sobre lo más destacado en materia de desarrollo sostenible</div></div><div class="b-rspf_c"><div class="b-rspf_c_h"><svg viewBox="0 0 26 26"><title>Facebook</title><use xlink:href="#svg-facebook"></use></svg></div><div class="b-rspf_c_t"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/planetafuturoelpais">Facebook</a></div><div class="b-rspf_c_b">Información, grandes reportajes, fotogalerías …. Asómate al muro de Planeta Futuro para leer, comentar y compartir nuestros mejores contenidos</div></div><div class="b-rspf_c"><div class="b-rspf_c_h"><svg viewBox="0 0 26 26"><title>Escríbenos</title><use xlink:href="#svg-newsletter"></use></svg></div><div class="b-rspf_c_t"><a href="http://elpais.com/formularios/escribenosplanetafuturo.pl">Newsletter</a></div><div class="b-rspf_c_b">Ideas, propuestas de coberturas, artículos, análisis, viñetas, composiciones musicales… Manda tus mensajes a la dirección planetafuturo@elpais.es</div></div><div class="b-rspf_c"><div class="b-rspf_c_h"><figure class="a_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><span class="a_m_w _db"><img alt="Planeta Futuro" decoding="auto" class="_re lazyload a_m-h" width="414" src="https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/images/v2/ico_planeta_futuro.svg" loading="lazy"/></span></figure></div><div class="b-rspf_c_t"><a href="http://elpais.com/elpais/2014/01/15/planeta_futuro/1389826297_972956.html">Planeta futuro</a></div><div class="b-rspf_c_b">Una iniciativa puesta en marcha en colaboración con la Fundación Bill & Melinda Gates</div></div></div></section><section class="b _g-o"><div class="b-tspf "><div class="b-tspf_w w w-tspf"><h3 class="w_t">Tercer sector</h3></div><div class="b-tspf_b"><div class="b-tspf_c"><div class="b-tspf_c_sc"><div class="b-tspf_c_txt"><div class="b-tspf_c_t"><h3><a href="https://elpais.com/especiales/2014/planeta-futuro/ongs.html">NOTICIAS @ORG</a></h3>Informaciones actualizadas desde grandes organizaciones internacionales</div><div class="b-tspf_c_t"><h4><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2025/04/02/burkina-fasos-relentless-crackdown-dissent-media">Burkina Faso’s Relentless Crackdown on Dissent, Media</a></h4><h5>Human Rights Watch</h5><p> Click to expand Image ...</p></div><div class="b-tspf_c_t"><h4><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://news.un.org/feed/view/en/story/2025/04/1161816">UN condemns killing of 1,000 people in Gaza since ceasefire collapse</a></h4><h5><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.un.org/">Naciones Unidas</a></h5><p>UN Secretary-General António Guterres expressed grave concern on Wednesday over the human toll resulting from the intensified hostilities in Gaza.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p></div><div class="b-tspf_c_t"><h4><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://news.un.org/feed/view/en/story/2025/04/1161806">World is ‘failing’ people with disabilities: UN deputy chief</a></h4><h5><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.un.org/">Naciones Unidas</a></h5><p>The “world is failing” people living with disabilities, UN deputy chief Amina Mohammed has told a major summit which aims to galvanize global efforts to ensure they are fully integrated into all parts...</p></div><div class="b-tspf_c_t"><h4><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://news.un.org/feed/view/en/story/2025/04/1161801">Sudan: Sexual violence used as weapon of terror against women and girls</a></h4><h5><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.un.org/">Naciones Unidas</a></h5><p>Amid alarming reports of sexual violence being used as a weapon of terror across Sudan, UN reproductive health agency, UNFPA, is warning that over 12 million women and girls – and increasingly men and...</p></div><div class="b-tspf_c_t"><h4><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://news.un.org/feed/view/en/story/2025/04/1161791">Myanmar quake: UN calls for urgent protection for vulnerable women and girls</a></h4><h5><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.un.org/">Naciones Unidas</a></h5><p>Friday’s devastating earthquakes in Myanmar not only caused mass casualties and widespread destruction, they also deepened long-standing gender inequalities – leaving millions of women and girls at he...</p></div><div class="b-tspf_c_t"><h4><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2025/04/02/new-risks-latest-scheme-under-italy-albania-immigration-deal">New Risks from Latest Scheme under Italy-Albania Immigration Deal</a></h4><h5>Human Rights Watch</h5><p> Click to expand Image ...</p></div><div class="b-tspf_c_t"><h4><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2025/04/01/hungary-arrest-dont-welcome-icc-fugitive-netanyahu">Hungary: Arrest, Don’t Welcome ICC Fugitive Netanyahu</a></h4><h5>Human Rights Watch</h5><p> Click to expand Image ...</p></div><div class="b-tspf_c_t"><h4><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2025/04/01/japan-makes-high-school-education-free-again">Japan Makes High School Education Free – Again</a></h4><h5>Human Rights Watch</h5><p> Click to expand Image ...</p></div><div class="b-tspf_c_t"><h4><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank" href=" https://www.es.amnesty.org/en-que-estamos/noticias/noticia/articulo/myanmar-los-inhumanos-ataques-militares-en-las-zonas-del-terremoto-obstaculizan-la-ayuda-humanitaria/ ">Myanmar: Los inhumanos ataques militares en las zonas del terremoto obstaculizan la ayuda humanitaria</a></h4><h5><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.es.amnesty.org/">Amnistía Internacional</a></h5><p>Las fuerzas armadas de Myanmar deben abstenerse de llevar a cabo ataques deliberados, aéreos y de otra índole, contra objetivos civiles en las zonas afectadas por el terremoto de magnitud 7,7 que tuvo...</p></div><div class="b-tspf_c_t"><h4><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank" href=" https://www.es.amnesty.org/en-que-estamos/noticias/noticia/articulo/israel-y-el-territorio-palestino-ocupado-deben-investigarse-homicidios-de-personal-paramedico-y-de-salvamento-en-gaza/ ">Israel y el Territorio Palestino Ocupado: Deben investigarse homicidios de personal paramédico y de salvamento en Gaza</a></h4><h5><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.es.amnesty.org/">Amnistía Internacional</a></h5><p>Debe abrirse una investigación independiente e imparcial sobre las circunstancias en las que al menos 15 profesionales médicos y trabajadores de salvamento palestinos, que habían viajado al sur de Gaz...</p></div><div class="b-tspf_c_t"><h4><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank" href=" https://www.es.amnesty.org/en-que-estamos/noticias/noticia/articulo/hungria-debe-detener-y-entregar-al-primer-ministro-israeli-netanyahu-a-la-corte-penal-internacional/ ">Hungría: Debe detener y entregar al primer ministro israelí Netanyahu a la Corte Penal Internacional</a></h4><h5><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.es.amnesty.org/">Amnistía Internacional</a></h5><p>Ante la información que indica que el primer ministro de Hungría, Viktor Orbán, ha invitado al primer ministro de Israel, Benjamin Netanyahu, y tiene previsto recibirlo en Hungría el próximo miércoles...</p></div><div class="b-tspf_c_t"><h4><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank" href=" https://www.es.amnesty.org/en-que-estamos/noticias/noticia/articulo/myanmar-faciliten-urgentemente-el-acceso-a-ayuda-humanitaria-para-quienes-han-sobrevivido-al-terremoto/ ">Myanmar: Faciliten urgentemente el acceso a ayuda humanitaria para quienes han sobrevivido al terremoto</a></h4><h5><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.es.amnesty.org/">Amnistía Internacional</a></h5><p>En respuesta a la información sobre los enormes daños causados por un terremoto de magnitud 7,7 en la zona central y otras zonas de Myanmar, Joe Freeman, investigador de Amnistía Internacional sobre M...</p></div></div><div class="b-tspf_c_sep"></div></div><div class="b-tspf_c_f"><a class="btn btn-2" href="https://elpais.com/especiales/2014/planeta-futuro/ongs.html">ver todas</a></div></div><div class="b-tspf_c"><div class="b-tspf_c_sc"><div class="b-tspf_c_txt"><div class="b-tspf_c_t"><h3><a href="https://elpais.com/especiales/2014/planeta-futuro/ongs.html">EMPLEO</a></h3>Ofertas que se generan a diario en el sector de desarrollo y ONGs</div><div class="b-tspf_c_t"><h4><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://estm.fa.em2.oraclecloud.com/hcmUI/CandidateExperience/en/sites/CX_1/requisitions/job/25467">Programme Specialist - Copenhagen, Denmark</a></h4><h5>United Nations Development Programme</h5><p>Application Deadline: 16 April 2025<br/></p></div><div class="b-tspf_c_t"><h4><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://estm.fa.em2.oraclecloud.com/hcmUI/CandidateExperience/en/sites/CX_1/requisitions/job/25476">Asociado(a) de Planificación - Panama City, Panama</a></h4><h5>United Nations Development Programme</h5><p>Application Deadline: 15 April 2025<br/></p></div><div class="b-tspf_c_t"><h4><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://estm.fa.em2.oraclecloud.com/hcmUI/CandidateExperience/en/sites/CX_1/requisitions/job/25466">Programme Analyst - Copenhagen, Denmark</a></h4><h5>United Nations Development Programme</h5><p>Application Deadline: 16 April 2025<br/></p></div><div class="b-tspf_c_t"><h4><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://estm.fa.em2.oraclecloud.com/hcmUI/CandidateExperience/en/sites/CX_1/requisitions/job/25448">Project Coordinator/ Environmental Policy Specialist - Ashkhabad, Turkmenistan</a></h4><h5>United Nations Development Programme</h5><p>Application Deadline: 16 April 2025<br/></p></div></div><div class="b-tspf_c_sep"></div></div><div class="b-tspf_c_f"><a class="btn btn-2" href="https://elpais.com/especiales/2014/planeta-futuro/ongs.html">ver todas</a></div></div></div></div></section><section class="bl_lmv b b-t b-t-ad _g-o" data-dtm-region="portada_lom"><header class="header b_h _df _pr"><div class="b_h_w _pr"><span class="b_h_t _pr">Lo más visto</span></div></header><div class="b_b b-t_b _g _g-lg"><div class="b-t_a _df"><ol><li><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-04-01/las-mujeres-embarazadas-de-mozambique-especialmente-vulnerables-al-vih-tras-los-recortes-de-ee-uu.html#?rel=lom">Las mujeres embarazadas de Mozambique, especialmente vulnerables al VIH tras los recortes de EE UU </a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-04-01/dios-ama-a-los-gais-lideres-religiosos-contra-la-homofobia-en-africa.html#?rel=lom">“Dios ama a los gais”: líderes religiosos contra la homofobia en África </a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/elpais/2018/11/15/planeta_futuro/1542292342_375507.html#?rel=lom">Pornografía infantil: la cara oscura de Internet</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-27/recortes-de-fondos-internacionales-de-lucha-contra-el-sida-causaran-hasta-29-millones-de-muertes-entre-2025-y-2030.html#?rel=lom">Recortes de fondos internacionales de lucha contra el sida causarán hasta 2,9 millones de muertes entre 2025 y 2030</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/elpais/2019/03/22/planeta_futuro/1553264871_913393.html#?rel=lom">Las niñas prostitutas de la autopista a Medellín</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-01-21/por-que-la-lucha-contra-el-vih-podria-estar-a-punto-de-sufrir-un-retroceso-monumental.html#?rel=lom">Por qué la lucha contra el VIH podría estar a punto de sufrir un retroceso monumental</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/elpais/2016/11/29/planeta_futuro/1480448184_624755.html#?rel=lom">Otra forma de ver la pirámide alimenticia</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/elpais/2019/07/09/planeta_futuro/1562676612_984314.html#?rel=lom">Planchado de senos: una tortura a las niñas para que no lleguen a mujeres</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2023-03-14/la-prostitucion-en-tailiandia-visible-multimillonaria-e-ilegal.html#?rel=lom">La prostitución en Tailandia: visible, multimillonaria e ilegal</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-04-02/artistas-sudaneses-que-huyeron-de-las-balas-se-reinventan-en-nairobi.html#?rel=lom">Artistas sudaneses que huyeron de las balas se reinventan en Nairobi</a></li></ol></div><div class="b-t_ad b-t_ad-col"><div id="elpais_gpt-MPU8" data-adtype="MPU" class="ad ad ad-mpu"><span class="_dn">_</span></div></div></div></section><div id="me-u" class="me _pf "><div class="me_bg"><div class="me-u _pa _df" id="p_b_i" data-dtm-region="header_areausuario"><button aria-label="Cerrar" class="button | flex btn btn-1 btn-c _pa" id="p_c_b"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon_portal_profile_close" viewBox="0 0 26 26"><use xlink:href="#svg-cerrar"></use></svg></button><div class="me_f"><b class="_db me_nu" id="p_u_fn">HOLA</b></div><div class="me_f -su" id="p_u_si" data-ctn-subscription=""><a class="button | flex btn btn-2 _db _nu" href="https://elpais.com/suscripciones/#/campaign?prod=SUSDIGCRART&o=login_ep&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" id="l_u_si_ht" data-link-am="https://elpais.com/suscripciones/#/campaign?prod=SUSDIGCRARTAM&o=loginam_ep&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" data-link-mx="https://elpais.com/suscripciones/#/campaign?prod=SUSDIGMX&o=loginmx_ep&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" data-link-co="https://elpais.com/suscripciones/#/campaign?prod=SUSDIGCOL&o=logincol_ep&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" data-link-ar="https://elpais.com/suscripciones/#/campaign?prod=SUSDIGCRARTAR&o=loginar_ep&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" data-link-cl="https://elpais.com/suscripciones/#/campaign?prod=SUSDIGCHILE&o=loginchile_ep&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" data-link-us="https://elpais.com/suscripciones/#/campaign?prod=SUSDIGCRARTEUCAN&o=loginus_ep&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F">suscríbete por 1€</a></div><ul class="me_f _ls"><li><a href="https://plus.elpais.com/perfil/actividad/?rel=areausuario">Mi actividad</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/subscriptions/#/manage?rel=areausuario">Mi suscripción</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/subscriptions/#/profile?rel=areausuario">Mis datos</a></li><li><a href="https://plus.elpais.com/perfil/newsletters/?rel=areausuario">Mis newsletters</a></li><li><a href="https://plus.elpais.com/perfil/baja/?rel=areausuario">Derechos y baja</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/suscripciones/elpaismas/?rel=areausuario">Experiencias para mí</a></li></ul><div class="me-u_sp ai"></div><div id="switchChatAssistant" class="me_f sw_ai"><div role="switch" aria-checked="true"><span class="sw_l">Asistente Vera IA</span><span class="sw"><span></span></span></div></div><a class="button | flex btn btn-3" href="https://elpais.com/subscriptions/#/sign-out?backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F">desconectar</a></div></div></div><div class="me _pf " id="me-h"><div class="me_bg me_bg-o"><div class="me-n _pr" id="hamburger_container" data-dtm-region="header_hamburguesa"><button class="btn btn-1 btn-c _pa" aria-label="Cerrar" id="btn_toggle_hamburger"><svg class="" viewBox="0 0 26 26"><use xlink:href="#svg-cerrar"></use></svg></button><div class="me_f me_ct _df"><b>alto contraste:</b><button class="tg" id="btn-contrast" aria-checked="false" aria-label="Activar / desactivar alto contraste"><div class="tg_t _df"><div class="tg_h"></div></div></button></div><div class="me_f"><form id="searchForm" class="_df" accept-charset="utf8" method="GET"><label class="_dn">Buscar</label><input id="searchBox" class="f_i" type="search" name="q" placeholder="Buscar contenido"/><button id="searchButton" class="btn btn btn-bu" aria-label="Buscar" disabled=""><svg class="" viewBox="0 0 15 15"><use xlink:href="#svg-buscar"></use></svg></button></form></div><div class="me_f me_se"><b class="_db">Seleccione:</b><div class="ed" data-dtm-region="header_hamburguesa_edicion"><ul class="_ls _df"><li id="edition_head" class="ed_a">- - -</li><li data-edition="el-pais" data-edition-redirect="https://elpais.com/s/setEspana.html?ed=es_ham"><a href="https://elpais.com"><span>España</span></a></li><li data-edition="el-pais-america" data-edition-redirect="https://elpais.com/s/setAmerica.html?ed=ame_ham"><a href="https://elpais.com/america/"><span>América</span></a><ul class="ed_l"><li data-edition="el-pais-mexico" data-edition-head-txt="América" data-edition-redirect="https://elpais.com/s/setMexico.html?ed=mx_ham"><a href="https://elpais.com/mexico/"><span>México</span></a></li><li data-edition="el-pais-colombia" data-edition-head-txt="América" data-edition-redirect="https://elpais.com/s/setColombia.html"><a href="https://elpais.com/america-colombia/"><span>Colombia</span></a></li><li data-edition="el-pais-chile" data-edition-head-txt="América" data-edition-redirect="https://elpais.com/s/setChile.html"><a href="https://elpais.com/chile/"><span>Chile</span></a></li><li data-edition="el-pais-argentina" data-edition-head-txt="América" data-edition-redirect="https://elpais.com/s/setArgentina.html"><a href="https://elpais.com/argentina/"><span>Argentina</span></a></li></ul></li><li data-edition="el-pais-us" data-edition-redirect="https://elpais.com/s/setUs.html?ed=us_ham"><a href="https://elpais.com/us/"><span>US Español</span></a></li><li data-edition="el-pais-in-english" data-edition-redirect="https://elpais.com/s/setEnglish.html?ed=eng_ham"><a href="https://english.elpais.com"><span>US English</span></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="me_f" data-ctn-subscription=""><div class="-te _db">Si quieres seguir toda la actualidad sin límites, únete a EL PAÍS por 1€ el primer mes</div><a class="button | flex btn btn-2 _db _nu" href="https://elpais.com/suscripciones/#/campaign?prod=SUSDIG&o=boton_cab&prm=suscrip_ham_el-pais&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" id="s_b_hm" data-link-am="https://elpais.com/suscripciones/america/#/campaign?prod=SUSDIGAM&o=botonam_cab&prm=suscrip_ham_el-pais-america&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" data-link-mx="https://elpais.com/suscripciones/america/#/campaign?prod=SUSDIGMX&o=botonmx_cab&prm=suscrip_ham_el-pais-mexico&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" data-link-co="https://elpais.com/suscripciones/america/#/campaign?prod=SUSDIGCOL&o=botoncol_cab&prm=suscrip_ham_el-pais&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" data-link-ar="https://elpais.com/suscripciones/america/#/campaign?prod=SUSDIGAR&o=botonar_cab&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" data-link-cl="https://elpais.com/suscripciones/america/#/campaign?prod=SUSDIGCHILE&o=botonchile_cab&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" data-link-us="https://elpais.com/suscripciones/america/#/campaign?prod=SUSDIGEUCAN&o=botoneucan_cab&backURL=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fplaneta-futuro%2F" data-ctn-subscription="">SUSCRÍBETE AHORA</a></div><nav><div class="me_f "><ul class="_ls"><li><a href="https://elpais.com/internacional/">Internacional</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/opinion/">Opinión</a><button aria-label="Desplegar" aria-expanded="false" class="button | flex btn btn-fl"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon_arrow_down" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><use xlink:href="#svg-flecha-abajo"></use></svg></button><div class="me_sm"><ul class="_ls"><li><a href="https://elpais.com/opinion/editoriales/">Editoriales</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/opinion/tribunas/">Tribunas</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/opinion/vinetas/">Viñetas</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/autor/cartas-director/">Cartas a la Directora</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/defensor-a-del-lector/">Defensora del lector</a></li></ul></div></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/espana/">España</a><button aria-label="Desplegar" aria-expanded="false" class="button | flex btn btn-fl"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon_arrow_down" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><use xlink:href="#svg-flecha-abajo"></use></svg></button><div class="me_sm"><ul class="_ls"><li><a href="https://elpais.com/espana/andalucia/">Andalucía</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/espana/catalunya/">Cataluña</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/espana/comunidad-valenciana/">Comunidad Valenciana</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/espana/galicia/">Galicia</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/espana/madrid/">Madrid</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/espana/pais-vasco/">País Vasco</a></li></ul></div></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/economia/">Economía</a><button aria-label="Desplegar" aria-expanded="false" class="button | flex btn btn-fl"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon_arrow_down" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><use xlink:href="#svg-flecha-abajo"></use></svg></button><div class="me_sm"><ul class="_ls"><li><a href="https://elpais.com/noticias/mercados-financieros/">Mercados</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/economia/vivienda/">Vivienda</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/economia/mis-derechos/">Mis derechos</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/economia/formacion/">Formación</a></li></ul></div></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/sociedad/">Sociedad</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/educacion/">Educación</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/clima-y-medio-ambiente/">Clima y Medio Ambiente</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/ciencia/">Ciencia</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/salud-y-bienestar/">Salud</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/tecnologia/">Tecnología</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/cultura/">Cultura</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/deportes/">Deportes</a><button aria-label="Desplegar" aria-expanded="false" class="button | flex btn btn-fl"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon_arrow_down" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><use xlink:href="#svg-flecha-abajo"></use></svg></button><div class="me_sm"><ul class="_ls"><li><a href="https://elpais.com/deportes/futbol/">Fútbol</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/deportes/baloncesto/">Baloncesto</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/deportes/tenis/">Tenis</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/deportes/ciclismo/">Ciclismo</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/deportes/formula-1/">Fórmula 1</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/deportes/motociclismo/">Motociclismo</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/noticias/golf/">Golf</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/noticias/atletismo/">Atletismo</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/ajedrez/">Ajedrez</a></li></ul></div></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/television/">Televisión</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/gente/">Gente y Estilo de vida</a></li></ul></div><div class="me_f epe"><ul class="_ls"><li><a href="https://elpais.com/expres/">El País Exprés</a></li></ul></div><div class="me_f "><ul class="_ls"><li><a href="https://elpais.com/fotos/">Fotografía</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/videos/">Vídeos</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/videos/2023-06-14/como-ver-el-pais-en-television.html">Canal EL PAÍS</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/podcasts/">Podcasts</a></li></ul></div><div class="me_f "><ul class="_ls"><li><a href="https://elpais.com/eps/">el país semanal</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/ideas/">ideas</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/economia/negocios/">Negocios</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/babelia/">Babelia</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/quadern/">Quadern</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/elviajero/">el viajero</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/">planeta futuro</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/smoda/">s moda</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/icon/">icon</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/gastronomia/">Gastro</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/gastronomia/el-comidista/">El Comidista</a></li><li><a href="https://cincodias.elpais.com/">Cinco Días</a></li><li><a href="https://motor.elpais.com/">Motor</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/mamas-papas/">Mamas & Papas</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/america-futura/">América Futura</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/escaparate/">Escaparate</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/extra/">Extras</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/juegos/#?int=juegos_menu_ham">Crucigramas y Juegos</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/suscripciones/elpaismas/">EL PAÍS +</a></li></ul></div><div class="me_f"><b><a href="https://plus.elpais.com/newsletters/#?prm=nwl_ham_ep" class="_db"><div class="svg-nl"><svg class="" viewBox="0 0 16 10"><use xlink:href="#svg-newsletter"></use></svg></div>Newsletter</a></b></div><div class="me_f me_f-o"><ul class="_ls"><li><a href="https://elpais.com/ultimas-noticias/">Últimas noticias</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/archivo/?prm=hemeroteca_menu_ham">Hemeroteca</a></li><li><a href="https://elpais.com/especiales/">Especiales</a></li><li><a href="https://profesional.elpais.com/soluciones">Soluciones</a></li><li><a href="https://descuentos.elpais.com/#?prm=descuentos_pie_ep">Descuentos</a></li><li><a href="https://colecciones.elpais.com/?utm_date=20210924&utm_source=EP&utm_product=Home&utm_category=Home&prm=epcol_20210924_Home">Colecciones</a></li><li><a href="https://entradas.elpais.com/">Entradas</a></li></ul></div></nav><div class="w_rs"><span class="w_rs_t">Síguenos en:</span><div class="w_rs_i"><a class="_btn " href="https://es-es.facebook.com/elpais/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon_social_facebook" viewBox="0 0 26 26"><use xlink:href="#svg-facebook"></use></svg><span class="_sr">El País en Facebook</span></a></div><div class="w_rs_i"><a class="_btn " href="https://twitter.com/el_pais" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon_social_twitter" viewBox="0 0 26 26"><use xlink:href="#svg-twitter"></use></svg><span class="_sr">El País en Twitter</span></a></div><div class="w_rs_i"><a class="_btn " href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCnsvJeZO4RigQ898WdDNoBw" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon_social_youtube" viewBox="0 0 26 26"><use xlink:href="#svg-youtube"></use></svg><span class="_sr">El País en Youtube</span></a></div><div class="w_rs_i"><a class="_btn " href="https://www.instagram.com/el_pais/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon_social_instagram" viewBox="0 0 26 26"><use xlink:href="#svg-instagram"></use></svg><span class="_sr">El País en Instagram</span></a></div></div><div class="me_deg"></div></div></div></div><div hidden=""><svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><symbol id="svg-account-logout" viewBox="0 0 8 8"><path d="M3 0v1h4v5h-4v1h5v-7h-5zm-1 2l-2 1.5 2 1.5v-1h4v-1h-4v-1z"></path></symbol><symbol id="svg-buscar" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 14 14"><path d="M13.685 11.847L10.338 8.5c.506-.834.794-1.805.794-2.847C11.132 2.625 8.507 0 5.479 0 2.452 0 0 2.457 0 5.485c0 3.024 2.62 5.649 5.648 5.649 1.006 0 1.95-.276 2.762-.75l3.369 3.37c.328.328.86.328 1.192 0l.838-.838c.324-.328.204-.74-.124-1.069M1.689 5.485c0-2.097 1.698-3.795 3.795-3.795 2.092 0 3.963 1.862 3.963 3.959 0 2.101-1.702 3.8-3.8 3.8-2.092 0-3.958-1.871-3.958-3.964" transform="translate(-3 -3) translate(3 3)"></path></symbol><symbol id="svg-newsletter" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 17 10"><path d="M1 10h12.464c.552 0 1-.448 1-1V1c0-.552-.448-1-1-1H1C.448 0 0 .448 0 1v8c0 .552.448 1 1 1zM1.306.729h11.853l-5.927 5.44L1.306.73zm8.288 4.27l4.168-3.801v7.604L9.594 5zM.703 1.199L4.872 5 .702 8.802V1.198zm8.36 4.295l4.096 3.78H1.306l4.093-3.78 1.833 1.669 1.832-1.669z" transform="translate(-2 -5) translate(2.5 5) translate(.274)"></path></symbol><symbol id="svg-facebook" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 17 15"><path d="M11.849 8.402l.435-2.704H9.561V3.944c0-.737.38-1.46 1.6-1.46H12.4V.183S11.276 0 10.202 0C7.959 0 6.493 1.294 6.493 3.638v2.06H4v2.704h2.493v5.942c.499.075 2.567.074 3.068 0V8.402h2.288z" transform="translate(-2 -3) translate(2 3)"></path></symbol><symbol id="svg-twitter" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><g><path d="M18.244 2.25h3.308l-7.227 8.26 8.502 11.24H16.17l-5.214-6.817L4.99 21.75H1.68l7.73-8.835L1.254 2.25H8.08l4.713 6.231zm-1.161 17.52h1.833L7.084 4.126H5.117z"></path></g></symbol><symbol id="svg-instagram" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 16 14"><path d="M10.165 0h-6.29C1.737 0 0 1.724 0 3.842v6.239c0 2.118 1.738 3.842 3.874 3.842h6.291c2.137 0 3.875-1.724 3.875-3.842V3.842C14.04 1.724 12.302 0 10.165 0zm2.63 10.08c0 1.438-1.18 2.607-2.63 2.607h-6.29c-1.45 0-2.63-1.169-2.63-2.606V3.842c0-1.437 1.18-2.607 2.63-2.607h6.29c1.45 0 2.63 1.17 2.63 2.607v6.239z" transform="translate(-2 -3) translate(2 3) translate(.941)"></path> <path d="M7.02 3.374c-1.995 0-3.618 1.61-3.618 3.588s1.623 3.587 3.618 3.587c1.995 0 3.618-1.61 3.618-3.587 0-1.979-1.623-3.588-3.618-3.588zm0 5.94c-1.308 0-2.372-1.056-2.372-2.353 0-1.297 1.064-2.352 2.372-2.352 1.308 0 2.372 1.055 2.372 2.352S8.328 9.314 7.02 9.314zM10.79 2.327c-.24 0-.476.096-.646.265-.17.168-.268.402-.268.64 0 .239.098.472.268.641.17.168.405.265.645.265.241 0 .476-.097.646-.265.17-.169.268-.403.268-.64 0-.24-.097-.473-.268-.641-.169-.17-.405-.265-.646-.265z" transform="translate(-2 -3) translate(2 3) translate(.941)"></path></symbol><symbol id="svg-youtube" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 16 15"><path d="M15.67 3.862c-.184-.728-.724-1.302-1.41-1.498C13.008 2 8 2 8 2s-5.008 0-6.26.35c-.673.196-1.226.784-1.41 1.512C0 5.192 0 7.952 0 7.952s0 2.772.33 4.088c.184.728.724 1.302 1.41 1.499 1.265.364 6.26.364 6.26.364s5.008 0 6.26-.35c.686-.196 1.226-.77 1.41-1.499.33-1.33.33-4.089.33-4.089s.013-2.772-.33-4.103zM6.405 10.5V5.403L10.57 7.95 6.405 10.5z" transform="translate(-2 -2) translate(2 2)"></path></symbol><symbol id="svg-linkedin" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 15 14"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M0.0498047 14H3.0498V4H0.0498047V14ZM11.0498 14H14.0498V8.353C14.0498 7.002 13.7328 6.04 13.0958 5.323C12.4628 4.607 11.6338 4.322 10.6088 4.322C9.26081 4.322 8.2778 5 7.6628 6H7.6008L7.4178 4H5.0498C5.0898 5 5.0498 14 5.0498 14H8.0498V7.738C8.2978 6.961 8.7918 6.573 9.5708 6.573C10.5538 6.573 11.0498 7.266 11.0498 8.658V14Z"></path><ellipse cx="1.55" cy="1.5" rx="1.55" ry="1.5"></ellipse></symbol><symbol id="svg-cerrar" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M15.127 0L16 .873 8.872 8 16 15.127l-.873.873L8 8.872.873 16 0 15.127 7.128 8 0 .873.873 0 8 7.128 15.127 0z" transform="translate(-2 -2) translate(2 2)"></path></symbol><symbol id="svg-flecha-dcha" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 2 6"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" stroke-linecap="round"><path d="M0 0l2 1.886M0 4l2-1.886" transform="translate(-9 -7) translate(9 8)"></path></g></symbol><symbol id="svg-flecha-abajo" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 2 6"><g><path d="M0 0l2 1.886M0 4l2-1.886" transform="translate(-9 -7) translate(9 8)"></path></g></symbol><symbol id="svg-hamburguesa" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 20 11"><path d="M0 0H20V1.154H0zM0 4.615H13.846V5.769H0zM0 9.231H20V10.385H0z" transform="translate(0 -5) translate(0 5)"></path></symbol><symbol id="svg-usuario" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M12.8952636,11.1231799 L10.463364,10.3125356 C10.4051883,10.2929874 10.3442343,10.2829791 10.2828452,10.2828117 L5.71270293,10.2828117 C5.65131381,10.2829456 5.59035983,10.2929874 5.5321841,10.3125356 L3.10028452,11.1231799 C1.24773222,11.7386778 -0.00177405858,13.4721674 -1.88666908e-06,15.4242678 C-1.88666908e-06,15.7397824 0.25576569,15.9955481 0.571280335,15.9955481 L15.4242678,15.9955481 C15.7397824,15.9955481 15.99555,15.7397824 15.99555,15.4242678 C15.9973222,13.4721674 14.7478159,11.7386778 12.8952636,11.1231799 Z"></path><path d="M7.99775732,0 C6.1047364,0 4.57014226,1.53459414 4.57014226,3.42761506 L4.57014226,5.71270293 C4.57201674,7.60495397 6.10550628,9.13844351 7.99775732,9.14031799 C9.89000837,9.13844351 11.4234979,7.60495397 11.4253724,5.71270293 L11.4253724,3.42761506 C11.4253724,1.53459414 9.89077824,0 7.99775732,0 Z"></path></symbol></svg></div><div hidden=""><svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><symbol id="svg-play" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 99 99"><defs><filter x="-2.1%" y="-1.0%" width="104.1%" height="104.1%" filterUnits="objectBoundingBox" id="svg-play-filter-2"><feOffset dx="0" dy="1" in="SourceAlpha" result="shadowOffsetOuter1"></feOffset><feGaussianBlur stdDeviation="0.5" in="shadowOffsetOuter1" result="shadowBlurOuter1"></feGaussianBlur><feColorMatrix values="0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.150991587 0" type="matrix" in="shadowBlurOuter1"></feColorMatrix></filter><filter x="-4.7%" y="0.6%" width="105.1%" height="102.9%" filterUnits="objectBoundingBox" id="svg-play-filter-4"><feOffset dx="0" dy="1" in="SourceAlpha" result="shadowOffsetOuter1"></feOffset><feGaussianBlur stdDeviation="0.5" in="shadowOffsetOuter1" result="shadowBlurOuter1"></feGaussianBlur><feColorMatrix values="0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.150991587 0" type="matrix" in="shadowBlurOuter1"></feColorMatrix></filter></defs><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g fill-rule="nonzero"><use fill="black" fill-opacity="1" filter="url(#svg-play-filter-2)" xlink:href="#svg-play-path-1"></use><path fill="#ffffff" d="M48.5,0 C75.288975,0 97,21.711025 97,48.5 C97,75.288975 75.288975,97 48.5,97 C21.711025,97 0,75.288975 0,48.5 C0,21.711025 21.711025,0 48.5,0 Z M48.5,3.4954955 C23.6549046,3.4954955 3.4954955,23.6549046 3.4954955,48.5 C3.4954955,73.3450954 23.6549046,93.5045045 48.5,93.5045045 C73.3450954,93.5045045 93.5045045,73.3450954 93.5045045,48.5 C93.5045045,23.6549046 73.3450954,3.4954955 48.5,3.4954955 Z" id="svg-play-path-1"></path></g><path d="M5.24324324,48.5 C5.24324324,24.6197626 24.6197626,5.24324324 48.5,5.24324324 C72.3802374,5.24324324 91.7567568,24.6197626 91.7567568,48.5 C91.7567568,72.3802374 72.3802374,91.7567568 48.5,91.7567568 C24.6197626,91.7567568 5.24324324,72.3802374 5.24324324,48.5 Z" fill-opacity="0.08" fill="#000000"></path><g fill-rule="nonzero"><use fill="black" fill-opacity="1" filter="url(#svg-play-filter-4)" xlink:href="#svg-play-path-3"></use><path fill="#ffffff" d="M35.0265172,71.8661372 L72.4183211,50.4951448 C73.2814102,50.0018529 73.5811902,48.9022888 73.0878983,48.0391997 C72.9284137,47.760157 72.6971234,47.5289063 72.4180534,47.3694695 L35.0262496,26.0069719 C34.1630759,25.5138278 33.0635632,25.8137961 32.5704192,26.6769697 C32.4150536,26.9489135 32.3333333,27.2566898 32.3333333,27.569886 L32.3333333,70.3033761 C32.3333333,71.2974886 33.1392208,72.1033761 34.1333333,72.1033761 C34.4466341,72.1033761 34.7545093,72.0216012 35.0265172,71.8661372 Z" id="svg-play-path-3"></path></g></g></symbol><symbol id="svg-infographic" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 36 36"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g fill-rule="nonzero"><g><g fill="#fff"><path d="M16 0C7.163 0 0 7.163 0 16s7.163 16 16 16 16-7.163 16-16S24.837 0 16 0zm0 1.032c8.266 0 14.968 6.702 14.968 14.968S24.266 30.968 16 30.968 1.032 24.266 1.032 16 7.734 1.032 16 1.032z" transform="translate(-811.000000, -2138.000000) translate(777.000000, 2128.000000) translate(34.000000, 10.000000) translate(2.000000, 2.000000)"></path></g><g fill="#fff"><path d="M4.904 9.398v4.09c0 .283-.229.512-.512.512-.283 0-.512-.23-.512-.512V9.722c0-.276-.225-.5-.5-.5H1.523c-.276 0-.5.224-.5.5v3.766c0 .283-.229.512-.512.512C.23 14 0 13.77 0 13.488v-4.09c0-.663.537-1.2 1.2-1.2h2.504c.663 0 1.2.537 1.2 1.2zM10.861 5.299v8.189c0 .283-.23.512-.512.512-.283 0-.513-.23-.513-.512V5.623c0-.276-.224-.5-.5-.5H7.48c-.276 0-.5.224-.5.5v7.865c0 .283-.229.512-.512.512-.283 0-.512-.23-.512-.512v-8.19c0-.662.537-1.2 1.2-1.2H9.66c.663 0 1.2.538 1.2 1.2zM16.818 1.2v12.288c0 .283-.23.512-.513.512-.283 0-.512-.23-.512-.512V1.524c0-.276-.224-.5-.5-.5h-1.855c-.276 0-.5.224-.5.5v11.964c0 .283-.23.512-.512.512-.283 0-.513-.23-.513-.512V1.2c0-.663.538-1.2 1.2-1.2h2.505c.662 0 1.2.537 1.2 1.2z" transform="translate(-811.000000, -2138.000000) translate(777.000000, 2128.000000) translate(34.000000, 10.000000) translate(9.591134, 11.000000)"></path></g></g></g></g></symbol><symbol id="svg-threepoints" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 25 24"><g transform="translate(-703.000000, -1404.000000) translate(663.500000, 1388.000000) translate(40.000000, 16.000000) translate(12.000000, 11.799995) rotate(-90.000000) translate(-12.000000, -11.799995) translate(2.828590, 9.570742)"><ellipse cx="2.221" cy="2.229" rx="2.221" ry="2.229"></ellipse><ellipse cx="9.171" cy="2.229" rx="2.221" ry="2.229"></ellipse><ellipse cx="16.121" cy="2.229" rx="2.221" ry="2.229"></ellipse></g></symbol><symbol id="svg-gallery" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 64 64"><g fill-rule="nonzero" fill="none"><g fill="#FFF"><path d="M32 0c17.675 0 32 14.325 32 32S49.675 64 32 64 0 49.675 0 32 14.325 0 32 0zm0 2.306C15.607 2.306 2.306 15.607 2.306 32S15.607 61.694 32 61.694 61.694 48.393 61.694 32 48.393 2.306 32 2.306z"></path><path d="M32 0c17.675 0 32 14.325 32 32S49.675 64 32 64 0 49.675 0 32 14.325 0 32 0zm0 2.306C15.607 2.306 2.306 15.607 2.306 32S15.607 61.694 32 61.694 61.694 48.393 61.694 32 48.393 2.306 32 2.306z"></path></g><path d="M3.46 32C3.46 16.244 16.243 3.46 32 3.46c15.756 0 28.54 12.784 28.54 28.54 0 15.756-12.784 28.54-28.54 28.54C16.244 60.54 3.46 47.757 3.46 32z" fill-opacity=".08" fill="#000"></path><g fill="#FFF"><path d="m28.548 20.827-.135.01a.968.968 0 0 0-.582.307l-3.158 3.472-6.705.001a.968.968 0 0 0-.968.969v16.619c0 .535.434.968.968.968h28.064a.968.968 0 0 0 .968-.968v-16.62l-.009-.13a.968.968 0 0 0-.96-.838h-5.909l-3.865-3.536a.968.968 0 0 0-.653-.254h-7.056zm6.677 1.935 3.868 3.538.113.09a.968.968 0 0 0 .54.164l5.317-.001v14.683H18.936V26.553l6.165.001.135-.01a.968.968 0 0 0 .581-.307l3.16-3.475h6.248z"></path><path d="M32 25.468a6.778 6.778 0 1 0 0 13.556 6.778 6.778 0 0 0 0-13.556zm0 1.937a4.841 4.841 0 1 1 0 9.683 4.841 4.841 0 0 1 0-9.683zM21.689 23.118c.49 0 .895.364.96.837l.008.131v1.428a.968.968 0 0 1-1.928.132l-.008-.132v-1.428c0-.535.433-.968.968-.968z"></path></g></g></symbol><symbol id="svg-audio" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 36 36"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g><g><g><path fill="#fff" fill-rule="nonzero" d="M16 0C7.163 0 0 7.163 0 16s7.163 16 16 16 16-7.163 16-16S24.837 0 16 0zm0 1.032c8.266 0 14.968 6.702 14.968 14.968S24.266 30.968 16 30.968 1.032 24.266 1.032 16 7.734 1.032 16 1.032z" transform="translate(-139.000000, -2138.000000) translate(105.000000, 2128.000000) translate(34.000000, 10.000000) translate(2.000000, 1.741935)"></path><path fill="#fff" d="M15.388 11.073v9.854c0 .317-.254.58-.56.58-.15 0-.29-.064-.395-.172l-2.918-3.016H9.219c-.307 0-.561-.263-.561-.58v-3.478c0-.317.254-.58.56-.58h2.297l2.918-3.016c.105-.108.245-.172.394-.172.307 0 .561.263.561.58zM18.447 16.306c0 .892-.458 1.758-1.166 2.097-.06.036-.127.044-.188.044-.263 0-.481-.25-.481-.57 0-.679.873-.491.873-1.571s-.873-.892-.873-1.57c0-.322.218-.572.481-.572.06 0 .128.01.188.045.708.33 1.166 1.205 1.166 2.097z" transform="translate(-139.000000, -2138.000000) translate(105.000000, 2128.000000) translate(34.000000, 10.000000) translate(2.000000, 1.741935)"></path><path fill="#fff" d="M20.895 16c0 1.827-1.12 3.527-2.845 4.238-.074.027-.156.045-.23.045-.33 0-.596-.26-.596-.576 0-.252.147-.423.358-.53.247-.127.477-.235.697-.397.909-.647 1.441-1.682 1.441-2.78 0-1.098-.532-2.133-1.44-2.78-.221-.162-.45-.27-.698-.396-.211-.108-.358-.28-.358-.531 0-.315.266-.576.587-.576.083 0 .165.018.239.045 1.725.71 2.845 2.411 2.845 4.238z" transform="translate(-139.000000, -2138.000000) translate(105.000000, 2128.000000) translate(34.000000, 10.000000) translate(2.000000, 1.741935)"></path><path fill="#fff" d="M23.342 16c0 2.642-1.614 5.034-4.1 6.076-.071.025-.15.043-.23.043-.309 0-.565-.25-.565-.551 0-.25.133-.387.344-.508.124-.069.265-.112.397-.18.247-.13.494-.276.724-.44 1.446-1.04 2.301-2.684 2.301-4.44 0-1.756-.855-3.4-2.301-4.44-.23-.164-.477-.31-.724-.44-.132-.068-.273-.111-.397-.18-.211-.12-.344-.258-.344-.508 0-.301.256-.55.565-.55.08 0 .159.017.23.042 2.486 1.042 4.1 3.434 4.1 6.076z" transform="translate(-139.000000, -2138.000000) translate(105.000000, 2128.000000) translate(34.000000, 10.000000) translate(2.000000, 1.741935)"></path></g></g></g></g></symbol></svg></div><div id="footer-lazy"></div></footer><script>window.ENP.PBS_SSR = {"ads":[{"targeting":{"pos":"skin"},"display":"desktop"},{"targeting":{"pos":"inter"},"display":"desktop"},{"dimensions":[[[728,90],[970,90],[980,90],[980,180],[980,220],[970,250],[980,250],[1200,90],[1200,180],[1200,250]],[[728,90]]],"targeting":{"pos":"ldb1"},"display":"desktop","sizemap":{"breakpoints":[[980,0],[728,0]]}},{"dimensions":[[[728,90]],[[320,100],[320,50]]],"targeting":{"pos":"mldb1"},"display":"mobile","sizemap":{"breakpoints":[[728,0],[0,0]]}},{"dimensions":[[300,250],[300,600]],"targeting":{"pos":"mpu1"}},{"dimensions":[[300,250],[300,600]],"targeting":{"pos":"mpu2"}},{"dimensions":[[[728,90],[970,90],[980,90],[980,250],[1200,90],[1200,180],[1200,250]],[[728,90]]],"targeting":{"pos":"ldb2"},"display":"desktop","sizemap":{"breakpoints":[[980,0],[728,0]]}},{"dimensions":[[[728,90]],[[320,100],[320,50]]],"targeting":{"pos":"mldb2"},"display":"mobile","sizemap":{"breakpoints":[[728,0],[0,0]]}},{"dimensions":[[300,250],[300,600]],"targeting":{"pos":"mpu8"}},{"dimensions":[[300,250],[300,600]],"targeting":{"pos":"mpu4"}},{"dimensions":[[300,250],[300,600]],"targeting":{"pos":"mpu6"}},{"dimensions":[[300,250],[300,600]],"targeting":{"pos":"mpu7"}},{"dimensions":[[300,250],[300,600]],"targeting":{"pos":"mpu3"}},{"dimensions":[[300,250],[300,600]],"targeting":{"pos":"mpu5"}},{"dimensions":[[300,100]],"targeting":{"pos":"nstd2"},"display":"all"},{"dimensions":[[300,100]],"targeting":{"pos":"nstd3"},"display":"all"},{"dimensions":[[300,250],[300,600]],"targeting":{"pos":"mpu9"}},{"dimensions":[[300,250],[300,600]],"targeting":{"pos":"mpu10"}}],"adUnitPageLevel":"elpais/planeta-futuro/portada","PREFIX":"elpais_gpt","keyValuePageLevel":[],"excludedPaywall":false};</script><link rel="preload" id="deferred-styles" href="https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/css/db9f21acfcdfe7a43f434e07c4c38a74/ENP/planeta-futuro/section-manual.css" as="style"/><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/css/db9f21acfcdfe7a43f434e07c4c38a74/ENP/planeta-futuro/section-manual.css"/></noscript><script> var loadDeferredStyles = function() { var elm = document.getElementById('deferred-styles'); elm.rel = 'stylesheet'; }; var raf = window.requestAnimationFrame || window.mozRequestAnimationFrame || window.webkitRequestAnimationFrame || window.msRequestAnimationFrame; if (raf) raf(function() { window.setTimeout(loadDeferredStyles, 0); }); else window.addEventListener('load', loadDeferredStyles); </script><script id="pmuserjs" src="https://static.prisa.com/dist/subs/pmuser/v2/latest/pmuser.min.js" defer=""></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://cmp.prisa.com/dist/cmp_ep.js" defer=""></script><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org/","@type":"ItemList","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"CollectionPage","@id":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/"},"itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-04-02/artistas-sudaneses-que-huyeron-de-las-balas-se-reinventan-en-nairobi.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-04-02/la-recompensa-para-combatir-el-dengue-en-filipinas-dos-centavos-de-dolar-por-atrapar-cinco-mosquitos.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-04-01/dios-ama-a-los-gais-lideres-religiosos-contra-la-homofobia-en-africa.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-04-01/las-mujeres-embarazadas-de-mozambique-especialmente-vulnerables-al-vih-tras-los-recortes-de-ee-uu.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":5,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-31/alcaldes-africanos-ante-los-recortes-de-trump-tenemos-que-despertarnos-y-encontrar-soluciones-propias.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":6,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-31/traten-los-recortes-de-financiacion-como-el-desastre-humanitario-que-son.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":7,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-30/la-formula-para-reducir-los-costes-de-los-desastres-naturales-en-america-latina-mas-datos-coordinacion-internacional-y-alianzas-para-acceder-a-seguros.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":8,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-29/neema-lugangira-diputada-de-tanzania-los-recortes-abruptos-no-son-sabios-va-a-haber-un-retroceso-de-los-esfuerzos-contra-la-pobreza.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":9,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-28/trabajadores-humanitarios-no-tenemos-palabras-para-describir-que-significa-hoy-ser-medico-y-ser-paciente-en-gaza.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":10,"url":"https://english.elpais.com/international/2025-03-22/surviving-ebola-in-liberia-10-stories-of-pain-and-hope.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":11,"url":"https://english.elpais.com/international/2025-03-03/violence-against-children-in-haiti-rape-recruitment-hunger-and-shuttered-schools.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":12,"url":"https://english.elpais.com/climate/2025-03-01/where-do-the-clothes-go-after-we-put-them-in-a-recycling-bin-an-11-month-investigation-covering-thousands-of-kilometers.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":13,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-28/el-secreto-mejor-guardado-de-canada.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":14,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/en-primera-linea/2025-03-26/la-normalidad-del-campamento-de-refugiados-sirios-de-azraq-duele.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":15,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-24/la-introspeccion-de-tsitsi-dangarembga-a-traves-del-ensayo-escribir-me-confirma-que-soy-mas-que-negritud-y-feminidad.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":16,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-21/asi-ayudan-los-bosques-a-alimentar-mejor-al-mundo.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":17,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-08/mas-alla-del-feminismo-blanco-cinco-relatos-de-mujeres-desde-el-sur-global.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":18,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-02-23/a-donde-va-el-pantalon-que-tiramos-a-un-contenedor-de-ropa-usada-once-meses-de-investigacion-y-miles-de-kilometros-recorridos.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":19,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-01-29/amitabh-behar-nos-estamos-moviendo-desde-un-escenario-de-desigualdad-a-otro-de-oligarquias-globales.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":20,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-01-17/superviviente-de-nagasaki-la-bomba-de-1945-es-un-artefacto-artesanal-comparado-con-el-armamento-nuclear-actual.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":21,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-27/recortes-de-fondos-internacionales-de-lucha-contra-el-sida-causaran-hasta-29-millones-de-muertes-entre-2025-y-2030.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":22,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-25/un-nino-nacido-en-africa-subsahariana-tiene-18-veces-mas-probabilidades-de-morir-antes-de-cumplir-los-cinco-que-uno-nacido-en-australia.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":23,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-24/la-tuberculosis-el-otro-enemigo-mortal-de-los-mineros-de-pakistan.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":24,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-20/invertir-mas-en-salud-para-gastar-menos-en-enfermedades-cuando-el-cambio-comienza-en-las-ciudades.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":25,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-22/dentro-de-la-mina-en-el-congo-pero-lejos-de-los-beneficios-las-mujeres-viven-en-una-completa-inseguridad-fisica-y-economica.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":26,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-18/karina-bedkowska-directora-es-dificil-ser-cineasta-principiante-y-aun-mas-dificil-ser-mujer-cineasta-principiante.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":27,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-17/las-leyes-discriminatorias-multiplican-el-numero-de-mujeres-en-prision-la-pobreza-es-lo-primero-que-se-condena.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":28,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-15/el-feminismo-es-una-palabra-que-no-existe-en-lenguas-que-no-sean-hegemonicas.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":29,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-09/las-cuatro-sirias-que-conviven-en-un-pais-fracturado-por-la-guerra.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":30,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-02-21/souleymane-cisse-el-primer-cineasta-africano-negro-en-recibir-un-galardon-del-festival-de-cannes.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":31,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-02-17/africa-se-sube-al-negocio-de-las-remesas-digitales-y-presiona-para-reducir-el-coste-de-las-transacciones.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":32,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-02-17/invertir-en-innovacion-y-creer-en-los-jovenes-para-hacer-realidad-un-turismo-respetuoso-en-africa.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":33,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-02-15/en-espana-la-gente-piensa-que-las-personas-negras-acabamos-de-llegar-afromayores-o-como-envejecer-lejos-de-su-tierra.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":34,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-02-09/maram-kaire-astronomo-senegales-el-desarrollo-del-continente-africano-pasara-por-el-sector-espacial.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":35,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-14/una-operacion-secreta-para-salvar-las-semillas-de-sudan-de-la-guerra-los-laboratorios-fueron-robados-o-destruidos.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":36,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-01-14/mas-de-150-cientificos-premiados-internacionalmente-piden-actuar-ya-para-evitar-la-hambruna-global-que-se-avecina.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":37,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-01-10/asi-contribuye-el-grano-de-ucrania-a-paliar-el-hambre-en-malaui-tras-el-paso-de-el-nino.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":38,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2024-12-19/sin-tierra-no-hay-sistema-alimentario-por-que-desaparecen-las-dietas-indigenas-africanas.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":39,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-21/las-sanciones-a-la-ayuda-exterior-aumentan-la-mortalidad-materna-e-infantil-en-los-paises-de-ingresos-bajos-y-medios.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":40,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-13/aulas-vacias-el-enorme-coste-oculto-del-oro-nigeriano.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":41,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-07/la-guerra-en-sudan-dispara-las-violaciones-contra-ninos-algunos-de-tan-solo-un-ano.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":42,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-04/el-matrimonio-infantil-impide-la-educacion-de-las-ninas-en-el-noroeste-rural-de-nigeria-cuando-supe-que-mis-padres-planeaban-casarme-me-escape-de-casa.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":43,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-01/radiografia-de-la-violencia-contra-la-infancia-en-haiti-violaciones-reclutamiento-hambre-y-escuelas-cerradas.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":44,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2024-03-01/viaje-a-los-origenes-africanos-de-los-objetos-robados.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":45,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2023-09-18/la-fiebre-de-las-nuevas-ciudades-africanas.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":46,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2024-03-08/lo-que-seis-periodistas-africanas-quieren-que-leas-este-8-m.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":47,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2023-11-27/ellos-se-ocultan-el-mundo-les-olvida.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":48,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2023-03-07/cinco-mandamientos-que-maleducan-a-las-mujeres.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":49,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-26/cada-europeo-compra-19-kilos-de-ropa-al-ano-y-genera-16-kilos-de-desechos-textiles.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":50,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-14/la-escasez-de-agua-en-sudafrica-y-el-dificil-acceso-a-licencias-afecta-a-los-agricultores-negros-y-blancos.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":51,"url":"https://elpais.com/videos/2025-03-02/15-prendas-geolocalizadas-y-11-meses-de-trabajo-para-seguir-el-rastro-de-la-ropa-usada-asi-ha-sido-la-investigacion-de-planeta-futuro.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":52,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-25/una-semana-sin-tregua-en-gaza-estaba-convencida-de-haber-sobrevivido-a-esta-guerra-pero-podemos-morir-esta-noche.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":53,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-20/gonzalo-abaha-escritor-ecuatoguineano-escribir-en-mi-caso-ha-sido-darle-voz-a-mi-dolor-y-al-del-entorno.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":54,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-12/los-jovenes-queer-africanos-se-movilizan-ante-la-ola-de-homofobia-en-el-continente.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":55,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-23/los-suenos-rotos-de-la-refugiada-nema-musa-en-sudan-tenia-comida-una-rutina-y-una-vida.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":56,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-19/los-recortes-de-trump-privan-a-miles-de-refugiados-de-myanmar-de-agua-alimentos-y-medicinas.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":57,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-11/el-colera-la-diarrea-el-sarampion-o-la-malaria-nuevos-enemigos-de-los-desplazados-en-el-congo.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":58,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-05/espana-promueve-la-suspension-temporal-o-el-canje-de-la-deuda-de-los-paises-mas-pobres.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":59,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-03-02/espana-con-riesgo-de-suspender-en-su-objetivo-del-07-del-pib-pero-con-sobresaliente-frente-al-recorte-de-ayudas-global.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":60,"url":"https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2025-02-21/autosuficiencia-o-mirar-hacia-china-el-agujero-que-deja-trump-en-ayuda-exterior-obliga-a-africa-a-buscar-alternativas.html"}]}</script></body></html>