CINXE.COM

<!doctype html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11">   <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style>  <title>Spain Archives - Committee to Protect Journalists</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://cpj.org/europe/spain/" /> <link rel="next" href="https://cpj.org/europe/spain/page/2/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Spain Archives - Committee to Protect Journalists" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://cpj.org/europe/spain/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Committee to Protect Journalists" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://cpj.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Palomera-Rodriguez.jpg?fit=4096,4096&strip=all&quality=80" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="2400" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1260" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/png" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://cpj.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Palomera-Rodriguez.jpg?fit=4096,4096&strip=all&quality=80" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@CPJ_Eurasia" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"CollectionPage","@id":"https://cpj.org/europe/spain/","url":"https://cpj.org/europe/spain/","name":"Spain Archives - Committee to Protect Journalists","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://cpj.org/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://cpj.org/europe/spain/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://cpj.org/europe/spain/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://cpj.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Palomera-Rodriguez.jpg","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://cpj.org/europe/spain/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://cpj.org/europe/spain/#primaryimage","url":"https://cpj.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Palomera-Rodriguez.jpg","contentUrl":"https://cpj.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Palomera-Rodriguez.jpg","width":745,"height":455,"caption":"Miguel Ángel Rodríguez (right), chief of staff for Madrid's regional president, sent texts on March 12 to Esther Palomera (left), deputy editor of elDiario.es, one of which said, \"We are going to crush you,\" after elDiario.es published allegations of corruption involving the regional president's partner.(Screenshots: Hora25/YouTube (left), Miguel Charisteas/YouTube)"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://cpj.org/europe/spain/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Europe & Central Asia","item":"https://cpj.org/europe/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Spain"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://cpj.org/#website","url":"https://cpj.org/","name":"Committee to Protect Journalists","description":"Defending Journalists Worldwide.","publisher":{"@id":"https://cpj.org/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://cpj.org/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://cpj.org/#organization","name":"Committee to Protect Journalists","url":"https://cpj.org/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://cpj.org/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://cpj.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/cpj-logo-1.png","contentUrl":"https://cpj.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/cpj-logo-1.png","width":500,"height":375,"caption":"Committee to Protect Journalists"},"image":{"@id":"https://cpj.org/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/committeetoprotectjournalists/","https://x.com/pressfreedom","https://www.instagram.com/committeetoprotectjournalists/?hl=en","https://www.linkedin.com/company/cpj/","https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJ6Fa7MQH9-3yBFwYUZRJMQ","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Committee_to_Protect_Journalists"]}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.google.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//stats.wp.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//fonts.googleapis.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//use.typekit.net' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Committee to Protect Journalists » Feed" href="https://cpj.org/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Committee to Protect Journalists » Comments Feed" href="https://cpj.org/comments/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Committee to Protect Journalists » Spain Location Feed" href="https://cpj.org/europe/spain/feed/" /> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/cpj.org\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.7.1"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); /* ]]> */ </script> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://cpj.org/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.7.1' media='all' /> <style id='cpj-mu-curated-post-list-style-inline-css'> @font-face{font-family:swiper-icons;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:url("data:application/font-woff;charset=utf-8;base64, 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")}:root{--swiper-theme-color:#007aff}:host{display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;position:relative;z-index:1}.swiper{display:block;list-style:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:relative;z-index:1}.swiper-vertical>.swiper-wrapper{flex-direction:column}.swiper-wrapper{box-sizing:content-box;display:flex;height:100%;position:relative;transition-property:transform;transition-timing-function:var(--swiper-wrapper-transition-timing-function,initial);width:100%;z-index:1}.swiper-android .swiper-slide,.swiper-ios .swiper-slide,.swiper-wrapper{transform:translateZ(0)}.swiper-horizontal{touch-action:pan-y}.swiper-vertical{touch-action:pan-x}.swiper-slide{display:block;flex-shrink:0;height:100%;position:relative;transition-property:transform;width:100%}.swiper-slide-invisible-blank{visibility:hidden}.swiper-autoheight,.swiper-autoheight .swiper-slide{height:auto}.swiper-autoheight .swiper-wrapper{align-items:flex-start;transition-property:transform,height}.swiper-backface-hidden .swiper-slide{backface-visibility:hidden;transform:translateZ(0)}.swiper-3d.swiper-css-mode .swiper-wrapper{perspective:1200px}.swiper-3d .swiper-wrapper{transform-style:preserve-3d}.swiper-3d{perspective:1200px}.swiper-3d .swiper-cube-shadow,.swiper-3d .swiper-slide{transform-style:preserve-3d}.swiper-css-mode>.swiper-wrapper{overflow:auto;scrollbar-width:none;-ms-overflow-style:none}.swiper-css-mode>.swiper-wrapper::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}.swiper-css-mode>.swiper-wrapper>.swiper-slide{scroll-snap-align:start start}.swiper-css-mode.swiper-horizontal>.swiper-wrapper{scroll-snap-type:x mandatory}.swiper-css-mode.swiper-vertical>.swiper-wrapper{scroll-snap-type:y mandatory}.swiper-css-mode.swiper-free-mode>.swiper-wrapper{scroll-snap-type:none}.swiper-css-mode.swiper-free-mode>.swiper-wrapper>.swiper-slide{scroll-snap-align:none}.swiper-css-mode.swiper-centered>.swiper-wrapper:before{content:"";flex-shrink:0;order:9999}.swiper-css-mode.swiper-centered>.swiper-wrapper>.swiper-slide{scroll-snap-align:center center;scroll-snap-stop:always}.swiper-css-mode.swiper-centered.swiper-horizontal>.swiper-wrapper>.swiper-slide:first-child{margin-inline-start:var(--swiper-centered-offset-before)}.swiper-css-mode.swiper-centered.swiper-horizontal>.swiper-wrapper:before{height:100%;min-height:1px;width:var(--swiper-centered-offset-after)}.swiper-css-mode.swiper-centered.swiper-vertical>.swiper-wrapper>.swiper-slide:first-child{margin-block-start:var(--swiper-centered-offset-before)}.swiper-css-mode.swiper-centered.swiper-vertical>.swiper-wrapper:before{height:var(--swiper-centered-offset-after);min-width:1px;width:100%}.swiper-3d .swiper-slide-shadow,.swiper-3d .swiper-slide-shadow-bottom,.swiper-3d .swiper-slide-shadow-left,.swiper-3d .swiper-slide-shadow-right,.swiper-3d .swiper-slide-shadow-top{height:100%;left:0;pointer-events:none;position:absolute;top:0;width:100%;z-index:10}.swiper-3d .swiper-slide-shadow{background:rgba(0,0,0,.15)}.swiper-3d .swiper-slide-shadow-left{background-image:linear-gradient(270deg,rgba(0,0,0,.5),transparent)}.swiper-3d .swiper-slide-shadow-right{background-image:linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(0,0,0,.5),transparent)}.swiper-3d .swiper-slide-shadow-top{background-image:linear-gradient(0deg,rgba(0,0,0,.5),transparent)}.swiper-3d .swiper-slide-shadow-bottom{background-image:linear-gradient(180deg,rgba(0,0,0,.5),transparent)}.swiper-lazy-preloader{border:4px solid var(--swiper-preloader-color,var(--swiper-theme-color));border-radius:50%;border-top:4px solid transparent;box-sizing:border-box;height:42px;left:50%;margin-left:-21px;margin-top:-21px;position:absolute;top:50%;transform-origin:50%;width:42px;z-index:10}.swiper-watch-progress .swiper-slide-visible .swiper-lazy-preloader,.swiper:not(.swiper-watch-progress) .swiper-lazy-preloader{animation:swiper-preloader-spin 1s linear infinite}.swiper-lazy-preloader-white{--swiper-preloader-color:#fff}.swiper-lazy-preloader-black{--swiper-preloader-color:#000}@keyframes swiper-preloader-spin{0%{transform:rotate(0deg)}to{transform:rotate(1turn)}}.wp-block-cpj-mu-curated-post-list{margin:0 9px}.wp-block-cpj-mu-curated-post-list__wrapper{display:flex;margin-bottom:27px}.wp-block-cpj-mu-curated-post-list__title{font-family:warnock-pro;font-size:39px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.2;margin-bottom:22px;margin-left:62px}.wp-block-cpj-mu-curated-post-list__control{background:transparent;border:0;margin-right:14px;margin-top:44px;width:48px}.wp-block-cpj-mu-curated-post-list__control.is-mirrored{margin-left:14px;margin-right:0;transform:rotate(180deg)}.wp-block-cpj-mu-curated-post-list__control.is-disabled{cursor:default;opacity:.25}.wp-block-cpj-mu-curated-post-list__button-wrapper{text-align:center}.wp-block-cpj-mu-curated-post-list__button{background-color:#d33227;border-radius:33px;color:#fff;display:inline-block;font-family:myriad-pro;font-size:18px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.2;margin:0 auto;padding:12px 38px}.wp-block-cpj-mu-curated-post-list__button:hover{color:#fff} </style> <style id='cpj-mu-curated-post-style-inline-css'> .wp-block-cpj-mu-curated-post__eyebrow{background-color:#d33227;color:#fff;display:inline-block;font-family:myriad-pro,sans-serif;font-size:18px;font-weight:400;line-height:2.2222222222;margin:0;padding:2px 28px}.wp-block-cpj-mu-curated-post .wp-post-image{aspect-ratio:328/213;height:auto;margin-bottom:23px;max-width:100%}.wp-block-cpj-mu-curated-post__title{color:#000;font-family:warnock-pro,serif;font-size:22px;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5454545455;margin:0}.wp-block-cpj-mu-curated-post__title:hover{color:#d33227} </style> <style id='cpj-mu-two-up-stacked-post-list-style-inline-css'> .wp-block-cpj-mu-two-up-stacked-post-list{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:66px}.wp-block-cpj-mu-two-up-stacked-post-list__eyebrow{font-family:myriad-pro,sans-serif;font-size:20px;font-weight:600;line-height:2;margin:0 0 13px;text-transform:capitalize}.wp-block-cpj-mu-two-up-stacked-post-list__title{font-family:warnock-pro,serif;font-size:40px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.5;margin:0 0 36px}.wp-block-cpj-mu-two-up-stacked-post-list article .wp-block-cpj-mu-two-up-stacked-post-list__excerpt{font-family:warnock-pro,serif;font-size:18px;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;margin:0 0 36px}.wp-block-cpj-mu-two-up-stacked-post-list__button{background-color:#fff;border:2px solid #d33227;border-radius:33px;color:#d33227;font-family:myriad-pro,sans-serif;font-size:18px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.2;padding:13px 32px} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mediaelement-css' href='https://cpj.org/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/mediaelementplayer-legacy.min.css?ver=4.2.17' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-mediaelement-css' href='https://cpj.org/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/wp-mediaelement.min.css?ver=6.7.1' media='all' /> <style id='jetpack-sharing-buttons-style-inline-css'> .jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0;list-style-type:none;margin:5px;padding:0}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-small-icon-size{font-size:12px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-normal-icon-size{font-size:16px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-large-icon-size{font-size:24px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-huge-icon-size{font-size:36px}@media print{.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:none!important}}.editor-styles-wrapper .wp-block-jetpack-sharing-buttons{gap:0;padding-inline-start:0}ul.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em} </style> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #fff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--red: #da2e2c;--wp--preset--color--red-bold: #d33227;--wp--preset--color--red-darker: #9e1d1c;--wp--preset--color--red-muted: #ffd7d7;--wp--preset--color--cpj-green: #F4F8EE;--wp--preset--color--gray-darkest: #282828;--wp--preset--color--muted: #acacac;--wp--preset--color--gray-lightest: #efefef;--wp--preset--color--green-muted: #f4f8ee;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link crossorigin="anonymous" rel='stylesheet' id='cpj-google-fonts-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Libre+Caslon+Text%3A400%2C600%7CLibre+Caslon+Display%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%2C500&display=swap&ver=1.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cpj-adobe-fonts-css' href='https://use.typekit.net/wkw7vqy.css?ver=1.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cpj-global-css-css' href='https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/client/build/css/global.98e6f02fb8c2de131b0a.min.css?ver=1.0' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.1.1.min.js?ver=3.1.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/client/src/mt-assets/js/highcharts/highcharts.js?ver=1.0" id="cpj-highcharts-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/client/src/mt-assets/js/highcharts/highcharts-more.js?ver=1.0" id="cpj-highcharts-more-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/client/src/mt-assets/js/highcharts/map.js?ver=1.0" id="cpj-highcharts-module-map-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/client/src/mt-assets/js/highcharts/drilldown.js?ver=1.0" id="cpj-highcharts-module-drilldown-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/client/src/mt-assets/js/highcharts/data.js?ver=1.0" id="cpj-highcharts-module-data-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/client/src/mt-assets/js/highcharts/exporting.js?ver=1.0" id="cpj-highcharts-module-exporting-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/client/src/mt-assets/js/highcharts/world.js?ver=1.0" id="cpj-highcharts-world-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/client/src/mt-assets/js/jsurl.js?ver=1.0" id="cpj-jsurl-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/client/src/mt-assets/js/cpjcharts/cpjcharts.js?ver=1.0" id="cpj-cpjcharts-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/client/src/mt-assets/js/cpjcharts/chart_basic.js?ver=1.0" id="cpj-cpjcharts-chart-basic-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/client/src/mt-assets/js/cpjcharts/chart_map.js?ver=1.0" id="cpj-cpjcharts-chart-map-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/client/src/mt-assets/js/cpjcharts/chart_piedwn.js?ver=1.0" id="cpj-cpjcharts-chart-piedwn-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/client/src/mt-assets/js/cpjcharts/chart_stccol.js?ver=1.0" id="cpj-cpjcharts-chart-stccol-js-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://cpj.org/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://cpj.org/wp-json/wp/v2/location/2828" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://cpj.org/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.7.1" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.cookielaw.org/consent/3f31b656-8f17-4e1b-9ec0-df17db47a151/OtAutoBlock.js" ></script> <script src="https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8" data-domain-script="3f31b656-8f17-4e1b-9ec0-df17db47a151"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> function OptanonWrapper() { } </script> <style>img#wpstats{display:none}</style> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('consent', 'default', { // Deny consent for ad_storage 'ad_storage': 'denied', // Deny consent for analytics_storage 'analytics_storage': 'denied', 'functionality_storage': 'denied', 'personalization_storage': 'denied', 'security_storage': 'denied', }); </script>  <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PJPQPQR');</script>  <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/icons/favicon.ico" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/icons/favicon-16x16.png" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/icons/favicon-32x32.png" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/icons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png" type="image/png" sizes="114x114" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/icons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png" type="image/png" sizes="120x120" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/icons/apple-touch-icon.png" type="image/png" sizes="180x180" /> <link rel="manifest" href="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/icons/site.webmanifest" /> <link rel="mask-icon" href="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/icons/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#5bbad5" /> <meta name="msapplication-config" content="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/icons/browserconfig.xml" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#da532c" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/icons/mstile-150x150.png" /> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff" />  <style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css"> ul.cpj--subdued { padding: 2em; } .press-signup { background: #f0f0f0; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 3rem; } @media (min-width:900px) { .press-signup .wp-block-group__inner-container { float: left; margin-left: 16.66667%; min-height: 1px; padding-left: 15px; padding-right: 15px; position: relative; width: 66.66667%; } } </style> </head> <body class="archive tax-location term-spain term-2828 wp-embed-responsive mt-archive-listing mt-entry-archive hfeed">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PJPQPQR" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>  <a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="#content">Skip to content</a> <header id="masthead" class="site-header" role="banner" data-component="siteHeader" data-spy="affix" data-offset-top="190"> <div class="site-header__container"> <a class="current site-header__branding" href="https://cpj.org"> <span class="site-header__branding-name">Committee to Protect Journalists</span> </a> <div class="site-header__utility-bar"> <div class="site-header__search"> <form action="https://cpj.org/search" id="cse-search-box" class="search"> <div class="input-group"> <input type="hidden" name="cx" value="002635367788333464843:1kfp8mbluhy" /> <input type="hidden" name="cof" value="FORID:9" /> <input type="hidden" name="ie" value="UTF-8" /> <input type="search" name="q" class="form-control input-lg" placeholder="Search" value=""> <span class="input-group-btn"> <button class="btn btn-on-dark input-lg" type="submit"> <svg class="cpj-icon-search" width="32" height="32" viewbox="0 0 32 32"> <path transform="translate(4 4)" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M10 0C4.477 0 0 4.477 0 10s4.477 10 10 10a9.959 9.959 0 0 0 6.32-2.25l5.252 5.352 1.428-1.4-5.264-5.365A9.959 9.959 0 0 0 20 10c0-5.523-4.477-10-10-10zM2 10a8 8 0 1 1 16 0 8 8 0 0 1-16 0z" /> </svg> </button> </span> </div> </form> </div> <ol class="site-header__social-list"> <li class="site-header__social-list-item"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJ6Fa7MQH9-3yBFwYUZRJMQ" class="site-header__social-link--youtube" target="_blank"> <span class="site-header__social-name">Youtube</span> <span class="fab fa-youtube"></span> </a> </li> <li class="site-header__social-list-item"> <a href="https://cpj.org/about/feeds/" class="site-header__social-link--rss" target="_blank"> <span class="site-header__social-name">Rss</span> <span class="fa fa-rss"></span> </a> </li> <li class="site-header__social-list-item"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/committeetoprotectjournalists/" class="site-header__social-link--facebook" target="_blank"> <span class="site-header__social-name">Facebook</span> <span class="fab fa-facebook-f"></span> </a> </li> <li class="site-header__social-list-item"> <a href="https://twitter.com/pressfreedom" class="site-header__social-link--twitter" target="_blank"> <span class="site-header__social-name">Twitter</span> <span class="fab fa-twitter"></span> </a> </li> <li class="site-header__social-list-item"> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/committeetoprotectjournalists/?hl=en" class="site-header__social-link--instagram" target="_blank"> <span class="site-header__social-name">Instagram</span> <span class="fab fa-instagram"></span> </a> </li> </ol> <div class="site-header__language-switcher"> <div class="language-switcher"> <span class="language-switcher__choice">English</span> <button id="language-switcher-button" class="language-switcher__toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> <span>Switch Language</span> </button> <ol class="language-switcher__list" aria-labelledby="language-switcher-button"> <li class="language-switcher__list-item"><a href="https://cpj.org/es/">Español</a></li> <li class="language-switcher__list-item"><a href="https://cpj.org/pt/">Português</a></li> <li class="language-switcher__list-item"><a href="https://cpj.org/fr/">Français</a></li> <li class="language-switcher__list-item"><a href="https://cpj.org/ru/">Русский</a></li> <li class="language-switcher__list-item"><a href="https://cpj.org/ar/">العربية</a></li> <li class="language-switcher__list-item"><a href="https://cpj.org/tr/">Türkçe</a></li> </ol> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site-header__navigation"> <ol id="menu-header-menu" class="site-header__menu--main"><li id="menu-item-98863" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-ancestor menu-item-has-children menu-item-98863"><a id="menu-link-1" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-ancestor menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">News</a> <div class="slide-menu slide-menu--normal"><ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-98864" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-publication menu-item-98864"><a href="https://cpj.org/news/" id="menu-link-2">Alerts</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98865" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-publication menu-item-98865"><a href="https://cpj.org/features-and-analysis/" id="menu-link-3">Features & Analysis</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98866" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-publication menu-item-98866"><a href="https://cpj.org/letters/" id="menu-link-4">Letters</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98867" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-98867"><a href="/reports" id="menu-link-5">Special Reports</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98868" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-ancestor menu-item-has-children menu-item-98868"><a id="menu-link-6" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-ancestor menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Countries & Regions</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-98897" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-98897"><a id="menu-link-7" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Africa</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-98898" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98898"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/angola/" id="menu-link-8">Angola</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98899" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98899"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/benin/" id="menu-link-9">Benin</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98900" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98900"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/botswana/" id="menu-link-10">Botswana</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98901" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98901"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/burkina-faso/" id="menu-link-11">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98902" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98902"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/burundi/" id="menu-link-12">Burundi</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98903" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98903"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/cameroon/" id="menu-link-13">Cameroon</a></li> <li id="menu-item-174274" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-174274"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/cape-verde/" id="menu-link-14">Cape Verde</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98904" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98904"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/central-african-republic/" id="menu-link-15">Central African Republic</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98905" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98905"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/chad/" id="menu-link-16">Chad</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98906" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98906"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/comoros/" id="menu-link-17">Comoros</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98907" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98907"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/democratic-republic-of-the-congo/" id="menu-link-18">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98908" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98908"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/djibouti/" id="menu-link-19">Djibouti</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98909" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98909"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/equatorial-guinea/" id="menu-link-20">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98910" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98910"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/eritrea/" id="menu-link-21">Eritrea</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98937" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98937"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/eswatini/" id="menu-link-22">Eswatini</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98911" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98911"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/ethiopia/" id="menu-link-23">Ethiopia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98912" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98912"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/gabon/" id="menu-link-24">Gabon</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98913" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98913"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/gambia/" id="menu-link-25">Gambia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98914" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98914"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/ghana/" id="menu-link-26">Ghana</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98915" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98915"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/guinea/" id="menu-link-27">Guinea</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98916" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98916"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/guinea-bissau/" id="menu-link-28">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98917" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98917"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/ivory-coast/" id="menu-link-29">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98918" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98918"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/kenya/" id="menu-link-30">Kenya</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98919" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98919"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/lesotho/" id="menu-link-31">Lesotho</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98920" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98920"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/liberia/" id="menu-link-32">Liberia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98921" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98921"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/madagascar/" id="menu-link-33">Madagascar</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98922" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98922"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/malawi/" id="menu-link-34">Malawi</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98923" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98923"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/mali/" id="menu-link-35">Mali</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98924" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98924"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/mauritius/" id="menu-link-36">Mauritius</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98925" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98925"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/mozambique/" id="menu-link-37">Mozambique</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98926" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98926"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/namibia/" id="menu-link-38">Namibia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98927" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98927"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/niger/" id="menu-link-39">Niger</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98928" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98928"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/nigeria/" id="menu-link-40">Nigeria</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98929" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98929"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/republic-of-congo/" id="menu-link-41">Republic of Congo</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98930" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98930"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/rwanda/" id="menu-link-42">Rwanda</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98931" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98931"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/senegal/" id="menu-link-43">Senegal</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98932" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98932"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/seychelles/" id="menu-link-44">Seychelles</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98933" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98933"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/sierra-leone/" id="menu-link-45">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98934" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98934"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/somalia/" id="menu-link-46">Somalia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98935" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98935"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/south-africa/" id="menu-link-47">South Africa</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98936" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98936"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/south-sudan/" id="menu-link-48">South Sudan</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98938" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98938"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/tanzania/" id="menu-link-49">Tanzania</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98939" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98939"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/togo/" id="menu-link-50">Togo</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98940" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98940"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/uganda/" id="menu-link-51">Uganda</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98941" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98941"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/zambia/" id="menu-link-52">Zambia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98942" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98942"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/zimbabwe/" id="menu-link-53">Zimbabwe</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98943" class="menu-parent-link menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98943"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/" id="menu-link-54">All Africa</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-98944" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-98944"><a id="menu-link-55" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Americas</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-98945" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98945"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/antigua-and-barbuda/" id="menu-link-56">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98946" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98946"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/argentina/" id="menu-link-57">Argentina</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98947" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98947"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/bahamas/" id="menu-link-58">Bahamas</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98948" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98948"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/barbados/" id="menu-link-59">Barbados</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98949" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98949"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/belize/" id="menu-link-60">Belize</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98950" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98950"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/bolivia/" id="menu-link-61">Bolivia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98951" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98951"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/brazil/" id="menu-link-62">Brazil</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98952" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98952"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/canada/" id="menu-link-63">Canada</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98953" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98953"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/chile/" id="menu-link-64">Chile</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98955" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98955"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/colombia/" id="menu-link-65">Colombia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98956" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98956"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/costa-rica/" id="menu-link-66">Costa Rica</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98957" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98957"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/cuba/" id="menu-link-67">Cuba</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98958" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98958"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/dominican-republic/" id="menu-link-68">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98959" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98959"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/ecuador/" id="menu-link-69">Ecuador</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98960" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98960"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/el-salvador/" id="menu-link-70">El Salvador</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98961" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98961"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/guatemala/" id="menu-link-71">Guatemala</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98962" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98962"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/guyana/" id="menu-link-72">Guyana</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98963" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98963"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/haiti/" id="menu-link-73">Haiti</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98964" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98964"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/honduras/" id="menu-link-74">Honduras</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98965" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98965"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/jamaica/" id="menu-link-75">Jamaica</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98966" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98966"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/mexico/" id="menu-link-76">Mexico</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98967" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98967"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/nicaragua/" id="menu-link-77">Nicaragua</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98968" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98968"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/panama/" id="menu-link-78">Panama</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98969" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98969"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/paraguay/" id="menu-link-79">Paraguay</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98970" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98970"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/peru/" id="menu-link-80">Peru</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98971" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98971"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/st-vincent-and-the-grenadines/" id="menu-link-81">St. Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li id="menu-item-193107" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-193107"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/suriname/" id="menu-link-82">Suriname</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98972" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98972"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/trinidad-and-tobago/" id="menu-link-83">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98973" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98973"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/uruguay/" id="menu-link-84">Uruguay</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98974" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98974"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/usa/" id="menu-link-85">USA</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98975" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98975"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/venezuela/" id="menu-link-86">Venezuela</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98976" class="menu-parent-link menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98976"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/" id="menu-link-87">All Americas</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-98977" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-98977"><a id="menu-link-88" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Asia</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-98978" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98978"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/afghanistan/" id="menu-link-89">Afghanistan</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98979" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98979"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/australia/" id="menu-link-90">Australia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98980" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98980"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/bangladesh/" id="menu-link-91">Bangladesh</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98981" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98981"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/brunei/" id="menu-link-92">Brunei</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98982" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98982"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/cambodia/" id="menu-link-93">Cambodia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98983" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98983"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/china/" id="menu-link-94">China</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98984" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98984"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/east-timor/" id="menu-link-95">East Timor</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98985" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98985"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/fiji/" id="menu-link-96">Fiji</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98986" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98986"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/french-polynesia/" id="menu-link-97">French Polynesia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98987" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98987"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/india/" id="menu-link-98">India</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98988" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98988"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/indonesia/" id="menu-link-99">Indonesia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98989" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98989"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/japan/" id="menu-link-100">Japan</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98990" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98990"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/laos/" id="menu-link-101">Laos</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98991" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98991"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/malaysia/" id="menu-link-102">Malaysia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98992" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98992"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/maldives/" id="menu-link-103">Maldives</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98993" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98993"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/mongolia/" id="menu-link-104">Mongolia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98994" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98994"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/myanmar/" id="menu-link-105">Myanmar</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98995" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98995"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/nauru/" id="menu-link-106">Nauru</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98996" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98996"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/nepal/" id="menu-link-107">Nepal</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98997" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98997"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/new-zealand/" id="menu-link-108">New Zealand</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98998" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98998"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/north-korea/" id="menu-link-109">North Korea</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98999" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98999"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/pakistan/" id="menu-link-110">Pakistan</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99000" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99000"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/papua-new-guinea/" id="menu-link-111">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99001" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99001"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/philippines/" id="menu-link-112">Philippines</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99002" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99002"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/singapore/" id="menu-link-113">Singapore</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99003" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99003"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/solomon-islands/" id="menu-link-114">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99004" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99004"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/south-korea/" id="menu-link-115">South Korea</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99005" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99005"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/sri-lanka/" id="menu-link-116">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99006" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99006"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/taiwan/" id="menu-link-117">Taiwan</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99007" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99007"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/thailand/" id="menu-link-118">Thailand</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99008" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99008"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/tonga/" id="menu-link-119">Tonga</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99009" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99009"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/vietnam/" id="menu-link-120">Vietnam</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99010" class="menu-parent-link menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99010"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/" id="menu-link-121">All Asia</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-99011" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent menu-item-has-children menu-item-99011"><a id="menu-link-122" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Europe & Central Asia</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-99012" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99012"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/albania/" id="menu-link-123">Albania</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99013" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99013"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/armenia/" id="menu-link-124">Armenia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99014" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99014"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/austria/" id="menu-link-125">Austria</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99015" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99015"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/azerbaijan/" id="menu-link-126">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99016" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99016"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/belarus/" id="menu-link-127">Belarus</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99017" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99017"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/belgium/" id="menu-link-128">Belgium</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99018" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99018"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/bosnia/" id="menu-link-129">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99019" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99019"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/bulgaria/" id="menu-link-130">Bulgaria</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99020" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99020"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/chechnya/" id="menu-link-131">Chechnya</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99021" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99021"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/croatia/" id="menu-link-132">Croatia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99022" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99022"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/cyprus/" id="menu-link-133">Cyprus</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99023" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99023"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/czech-republic/" id="menu-link-134">Czech Republic</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99024" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99024"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/denmark/" id="menu-link-135">Denmark</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99025" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99025"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/finland/" id="menu-link-136">Finland</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99026" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99026"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/france/" id="menu-link-137">France</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99027" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99027"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/georgia/" id="menu-link-138">Georgia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99028" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99028"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/germany/" id="menu-link-139">Germany</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99029" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99029"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/greece/" id="menu-link-140">Greece</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99030" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99030"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/hungary/" id="menu-link-141">Hungary</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99031" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99031"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/ireland/" id="menu-link-142">Ireland</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99032" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99032"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/italy/" id="menu-link-143">Italy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99033" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99033"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/kazakhstan/" id="menu-link-144">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99034" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99034"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/kosovo/" id="menu-link-145">Kosovo</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99035" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99035"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/kyrgyzstan/" id="menu-link-146">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99036" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99036"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/latvia/" id="menu-link-147">Latvia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99037" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99037"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/lithuania/" id="menu-link-148">Lithuania</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99038" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99038"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/luxembourg/" id="menu-link-149">Luxembourg</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99039" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99039"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/macedonia/" id="menu-link-150">Macedonia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99040" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99040"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/malta/" id="menu-link-151">Malta</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99041" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99041"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/moldova/" id="menu-link-152">Moldova</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99042" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99042"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/montenegro/" id="menu-link-153">Montenegro</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99043" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99043"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/netherlands/" id="menu-link-154">Netherlands</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99044" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99044"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/north-macedonia/" id="menu-link-155">North Macedonia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99045" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99045"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/norway/" id="menu-link-156">Norway</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99046" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99046"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/poland/" id="menu-link-157">Poland</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99047" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99047"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/portugal/" id="menu-link-158">Portugal</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99048" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99048"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/romania/" id="menu-link-159">Romania</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99049" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99049"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/russia/" id="menu-link-160">Russia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99050" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99050"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/serbia/" id="menu-link-161">Serbia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99051" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99051"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/slovakia/" id="menu-link-162">Slovakia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99052" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99052"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/slovenia/" id="menu-link-163">Slovenia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99053" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99053"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/south-ossetia/" id="menu-link-164">South Ossetia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99054" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location current-menu-item menu-item-99054"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/spain/" aria-current="page" id="menu-link-165">Spain</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99055" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99055"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/sweden/" id="menu-link-166">Sweden</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99056" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99056"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/switzerland/" id="menu-link-167">Switzerland</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99057" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99057"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/tajikistan/" id="menu-link-168">Tajikistan</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99058" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99058"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/turkey/" id="menu-link-169">Turkey</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99059" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99059"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/turkmenistan/" id="menu-link-170">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99060" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99060"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/uk/" id="menu-link-171">UK</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99061" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99061"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/ukraine/" id="menu-link-172">Ukraine</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99062" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99062"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/uzbekistan/" id="menu-link-173">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99063" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99063"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/vatican-city/" id="menu-link-174">Vatican City</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99064" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99064"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/yugoslavia/" id="menu-link-175">Yugoslavia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99065" class="menu-parent-link menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location current-location-ancestor current-location-parent menu-item-99065"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/" id="menu-link-176">All Europe & Central Asia</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-99066" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-99066"><a id="menu-link-177" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Middle East & North Africa</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-99067" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99067"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/algeria/" id="menu-link-178">Algeria</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99068" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99068"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/bahrain/" id="menu-link-179">Bahrain</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99070" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99070"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/egypt/" id="menu-link-180">Egypt</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99071" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99071"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/iran/" id="menu-link-181">Iran</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99072" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99072"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/iraq/" id="menu-link-182">Iraq</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99073" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99073"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/israel-and-the-occupied-palestinian-territory/" id="menu-link-183">Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territory</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99074" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99074"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/jordan/" id="menu-link-184">Jordan</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99075" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99075"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/kuwait/" id="menu-link-185">Kuwait</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99076" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99076"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/lebanon/" id="menu-link-186">Lebanon</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99077" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99077"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/libya/" id="menu-link-187">Libya</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99078" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99078"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/mauritania/" id="menu-link-188">Mauritania</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99079" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99079"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/morocco/" id="menu-link-189">Morocco</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99080" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99080"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/oman/" id="menu-link-190">Oman</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99081" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99081"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/qatar/" id="menu-link-191">Qatar</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99082" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99082"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/saudi-arabia/" id="menu-link-192">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99083" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99083"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/sudan/" id="menu-link-193">Sudan</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99084" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99084"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/syria/" id="menu-link-194">Syria</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99085" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99085"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/tunisia/" id="menu-link-195">Tunisia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99086" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99086"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/uae/" id="menu-link-196">UAE</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99087" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99087"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/yemen/" id="menu-link-197">Yemen</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99088" class="menu-parent-link menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99088"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/" id="menu-link-198">All Middle East & North Africa</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul></div> </li> <li id="menu-item-98869" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-98869"><a id="menu-link-199" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Data</a> <div class="slide-menu slide-menu--normal"><ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-98870" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-98870"><a id="menu-link-200" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Journalists Killed</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-98871" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-98871"><a href="/data/killed/" id="menu-link-201">Killed in 2024</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98872" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-98872"><a href="/data/killed/all/" id="menu-link-202">Killed since 1992</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-98873" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-98873"><a href="#" id="menu-link-203" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Journalists Imprisoned</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-345308" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-345308"><a href="/data/imprisoned/" id="menu-link-204">Imprisoned in 2023</a></li> <li id="menu-item-345309" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-345309"><a href="/data/?status=Imprisoned&start_year=1992&group_by=year" id="menu-link-205">Imprisoned since 1992</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-98874" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-98874"><a href="/data/missing" id="menu-link-206">Missing Journalists</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98876" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-98876"><a href="/data" id="menu-link-207">All Attacks on the Press</a></li> <li id="menu-item-185938" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-185938"><a href="https://cpj.org/data-methodology/" id="menu-link-208">Methodology</a></li> </ul></div> </li> <li id="menu-item-98877" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-98877"><a id="menu-link-209" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Safety Resources</a> <div class="slide-menu slide-menu--normal"><ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-181264" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-181264"><a href="https://cpj.org/journalist-safety-and-emergencies/" id="menu-link-210">Journalist Safety and Emergencies</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98880" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-98880"><a href="https://cpj.org/emergency-response/how-to-get-help/" id="menu-link-211">How to Get Help</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98884" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-98884"><a href="https://cpj.org/safety-kit/" id="menu-link-212">All Safety Resources</a></li> </ul></div> </li> <li id="menu-item-98886" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-98886"><a id="menu-link-213" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Get Involved</a> <div class="slide-menu slide-menu--normal"><ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-98887" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-98887"><a href="https://cpj.org/about/donate/" id="menu-link-214">Support CPJ</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98888" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-98888"><a href="/campaigns" id="menu-link-215">Take Action</a></li> <li id="menu-item-172078" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-172078"><a href="https://cpj.org/awards/" id="menu-link-216">Press Freedom Awards</a></li> </ul></div> </li> <li id="menu-item-98890" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-98890"><a id="menu-link-217" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">About Us</a> <div class="slide-menu slide-menu--normal"><ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-98891" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-98891"><a href="https://cpj.org/about/" id="menu-link-218">What We Do</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98892" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-98892"><a id="menu-link-219" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Who We Are</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-98893" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-98893"><a href="https://cpj.org/about/staff/" id="menu-link-220">Our Staff</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98894" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-98894"><a href="https://cpj.org/about/board-of-directors/" id="menu-link-221">Our Board</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-98895" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-98895"><a href="/press" id="menu-link-222">Press Center</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98896" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-98896"><a href="https://cpj.org/about/contact/" id="menu-link-223">Contact Us</a></li> </ul></div> </li> </ol> <a class="button--donate" href="/donate"> Donate</a> <a class="button--help" href="https://cpj.org/emergency-response/how-to-get-help/"> Get Help</a> <button id="sliding-container-toggle" type="button" class="site-header__menu-button slide-menu__control" data-target="sliding-container" data-action="toggle" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="sliding-container"> <span>Toggle Menu</span> </button> </div> </div> <div id="sliding-container" class="site-header__container--sliding slide-menu"> <div class="site-header__utility-bar"> <div class="site-header__search"> <form action="https://cpj.org/search" id="cse-search-box" class="search"> <div class="input-group"> <input type="hidden" name="cx" value="002635367788333464843:1kfp8mbluhy" /> <input type="hidden" name="cof" value="FORID:9" /> <input type="hidden" name="ie" value="UTF-8" /> <input type="search" name="q" class="form-control input-lg" placeholder="Search" value=""> <span class="input-group-btn"> <button class="btn btn-on-dark input-lg" type="submit"> <svg class="cpj-icon-search" width="32" height="32" viewbox="0 0 32 32"> <path transform="translate(4 4)" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M10 0C4.477 0 0 4.477 0 10s4.477 10 10 10a9.959 9.959 0 0 0 6.32-2.25l5.252 5.352 1.428-1.4-5.264-5.365A9.959 9.959 0 0 0 20 10c0-5.523-4.477-10-10-10zM2 10a8 8 0 1 1 16 0 8 8 0 0 1-16 0z" /> </svg> </button> </span> </div> </form> </div> <ol class="site-header__social-list"> <li class="site-header__social-list-item"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJ6Fa7MQH9-3yBFwYUZRJMQ" class="site-header__social-link--youtube" target="_blank"> <span class="site-header__social-name">Youtube</span> <span class="fab fa-youtube"></span> </a> </li> <li class="site-header__social-list-item"> <a href="https://cpj.org/about/feeds/" class="site-header__social-link--rss" target="_blank"> <span class="site-header__social-name">Rss</span> <span class="fa fa-rss"></span> </a> </li> <li class="site-header__social-list-item"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/committeetoprotectjournalists/" class="site-header__social-link--facebook" target="_blank"> <span class="site-header__social-name">Facebook</span> <span class="fab fa-facebook-f"></span> </a> </li> <li class="site-header__social-list-item"> <a href="https://twitter.com/pressfreedom" class="site-header__social-link--twitter" target="_blank"> <span class="site-header__social-name">Twitter</span> <span class="fab fa-twitter"></span> </a> </li> <li class="site-header__social-list-item"> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/committeetoprotectjournalists/?hl=en" class="site-header__social-link--instagram" target="_blank"> <span class="site-header__social-name">Instagram</span> <span class="fab fa-instagram"></span> </a> </li> </ol> <div class="site-header__language-switcher"> <div class="language-switcher"> <span class="language-switcher__choice">English</span> <button id="language-switcher-button" class="language-switcher__toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> <span>Switch Language</span> </button> <ol class="language-switcher__list" aria-labelledby="language-switcher-button"> <li class="language-switcher__list-item"><a href="https://cpj.org/es/">Español</a></li> <li class="language-switcher__list-item"><a href="https://cpj.org/pt/">Português</a></li> <li class="language-switcher__list-item"><a href="https://cpj.org/fr/">Français</a></li> <li class="language-switcher__list-item"><a href="https://cpj.org/ru/">Русский</a></li> <li class="language-switcher__list-item"><a href="https://cpj.org/ar/">العربية</a></li> <li class="language-switcher__list-item"><a href="https://cpj.org/tr/">Türkçe</a></li> </ol> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site-header__buttons"> <a class="button--donate" href="/donate"> Donate</a> <a class="button--help" href="https://cpj.org/emergency-response/how-to-get-help/"> Get Help</a> </div> <ul id="menu-header-menu-1" class="site-header__menu--main"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-ancestor menu-item-has-children menu-item-98863"><a id="menu-link-224" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-ancestor menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">News</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-publication menu-item-98864"><a href="https://cpj.org/news/" id="menu-link-225">Alerts</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-publication menu-item-98865"><a href="https://cpj.org/features-and-analysis/" id="menu-link-226">Features & Analysis</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-publication menu-item-98866"><a href="https://cpj.org/letters/" id="menu-link-227">Letters</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-98867"><a href="/reports" id="menu-link-228">Special Reports</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-ancestor menu-item-has-children menu-item-98868"><a id="menu-link-229" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-ancestor menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Countries & Regions</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-98897"><a id="menu-link-230" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Africa</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98898"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/angola/" id="menu-link-231">Angola</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98899"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/benin/" id="menu-link-232">Benin</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98900"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/botswana/" id="menu-link-233">Botswana</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98901"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/burkina-faso/" id="menu-link-234">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98902"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/burundi/" id="menu-link-235">Burundi</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98903"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/cameroon/" id="menu-link-236">Cameroon</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-174274"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/cape-verde/" id="menu-link-237">Cape Verde</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98904"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/central-african-republic/" id="menu-link-238">Central African Republic</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98905"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/chad/" id="menu-link-239">Chad</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98906"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/comoros/" id="menu-link-240">Comoros</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98907"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/democratic-republic-of-the-congo/" id="menu-link-241">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98908"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/djibouti/" id="menu-link-242">Djibouti</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98909"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/equatorial-guinea/" id="menu-link-243">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98910"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/eritrea/" id="menu-link-244">Eritrea</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98937"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/eswatini/" id="menu-link-245">Eswatini</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98911"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/ethiopia/" id="menu-link-246">Ethiopia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98912"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/gabon/" id="menu-link-247">Gabon</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98913"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/gambia/" id="menu-link-248">Gambia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98914"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/ghana/" id="menu-link-249">Ghana</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98915"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/guinea/" id="menu-link-250">Guinea</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98916"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/guinea-bissau/" id="menu-link-251">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98917"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/ivory-coast/" id="menu-link-252">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98918"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/kenya/" id="menu-link-253">Kenya</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98919"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/lesotho/" id="menu-link-254">Lesotho</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98920"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/liberia/" id="menu-link-255">Liberia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98921"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/madagascar/" id="menu-link-256">Madagascar</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98922"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/malawi/" id="menu-link-257">Malawi</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98923"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/mali/" id="menu-link-258">Mali</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98924"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/mauritius/" id="menu-link-259">Mauritius</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98925"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/mozambique/" id="menu-link-260">Mozambique</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98926"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/namibia/" id="menu-link-261">Namibia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98927"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/niger/" id="menu-link-262">Niger</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98928"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/nigeria/" id="menu-link-263">Nigeria</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98929"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/republic-of-congo/" id="menu-link-264">Republic of Congo</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98930"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/rwanda/" id="menu-link-265">Rwanda</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98931"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/senegal/" id="menu-link-266">Senegal</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98932"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/seychelles/" id="menu-link-267">Seychelles</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98933"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/sierra-leone/" id="menu-link-268">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98934"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/somalia/" id="menu-link-269">Somalia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98935"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/south-africa/" id="menu-link-270">South Africa</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98936"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/south-sudan/" id="menu-link-271">South Sudan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98938"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/tanzania/" id="menu-link-272">Tanzania</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98939"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/togo/" id="menu-link-273">Togo</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98940"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/uganda/" id="menu-link-274">Uganda</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98941"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/zambia/" id="menu-link-275">Zambia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98942"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/zimbabwe/" id="menu-link-276">Zimbabwe</a></li> <li class="menu-parent-link menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98943"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/" id="menu-link-277">All Africa</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-98944"><a id="menu-link-278" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Americas</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98945"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/antigua-and-barbuda/" id="menu-link-279">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98946"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/argentina/" id="menu-link-280">Argentina</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98947"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/bahamas/" id="menu-link-281">Bahamas</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98948"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/barbados/" id="menu-link-282">Barbados</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98949"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/belize/" id="menu-link-283">Belize</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98950"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/bolivia/" id="menu-link-284">Bolivia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98951"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/brazil/" id="menu-link-285">Brazil</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98952"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/canada/" id="menu-link-286">Canada</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98953"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/chile/" id="menu-link-287">Chile</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98955"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/colombia/" id="menu-link-288">Colombia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98956"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/costa-rica/" id="menu-link-289">Costa Rica</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98957"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/cuba/" id="menu-link-290">Cuba</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98958"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/dominican-republic/" id="menu-link-291">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98959"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/ecuador/" id="menu-link-292">Ecuador</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98960"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/el-salvador/" id="menu-link-293">El Salvador</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98961"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/guatemala/" id="menu-link-294">Guatemala</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98962"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/guyana/" id="menu-link-295">Guyana</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98963"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/haiti/" id="menu-link-296">Haiti</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98964"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/honduras/" id="menu-link-297">Honduras</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98965"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/jamaica/" id="menu-link-298">Jamaica</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98966"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/mexico/" id="menu-link-299">Mexico</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98967"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/nicaragua/" id="menu-link-300">Nicaragua</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98968"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/panama/" id="menu-link-301">Panama</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98969"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/paraguay/" id="menu-link-302">Paraguay</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98970"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/peru/" id="menu-link-303">Peru</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98971"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/st-vincent-and-the-grenadines/" id="menu-link-304">St. Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-193107"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/suriname/" id="menu-link-305">Suriname</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98972"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/trinidad-and-tobago/" id="menu-link-306">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98973"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/uruguay/" id="menu-link-307">Uruguay</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98974"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/usa/" id="menu-link-308">USA</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98975"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/venezuela/" id="menu-link-309">Venezuela</a></li> <li class="menu-parent-link menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98976"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/" id="menu-link-310">All Americas</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-98977"><a id="menu-link-311" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Asia</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98978"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/afghanistan/" id="menu-link-312">Afghanistan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98979"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/australia/" id="menu-link-313">Australia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98980"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/bangladesh/" id="menu-link-314">Bangladesh</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98981"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/brunei/" id="menu-link-315">Brunei</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98982"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/cambodia/" id="menu-link-316">Cambodia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98983"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/china/" id="menu-link-317">China</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98984"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/east-timor/" id="menu-link-318">East Timor</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98985"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/fiji/" id="menu-link-319">Fiji</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98986"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/french-polynesia/" id="menu-link-320">French Polynesia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98987"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/india/" id="menu-link-321">India</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98988"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/indonesia/" id="menu-link-322">Indonesia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98989"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/japan/" id="menu-link-323">Japan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98990"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/laos/" id="menu-link-324">Laos</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98991"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/malaysia/" id="menu-link-325">Malaysia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98992"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/maldives/" id="menu-link-326">Maldives</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98993"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/mongolia/" id="menu-link-327">Mongolia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98994"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/myanmar/" id="menu-link-328">Myanmar</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98995"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/nauru/" id="menu-link-329">Nauru</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98996"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/nepal/" id="menu-link-330">Nepal</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98997"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/new-zealand/" id="menu-link-331">New Zealand</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98998"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/north-korea/" id="menu-link-332">North Korea</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98999"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/pakistan/" id="menu-link-333">Pakistan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99000"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/papua-new-guinea/" id="menu-link-334">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99001"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/philippines/" id="menu-link-335">Philippines</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99002"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/singapore/" id="menu-link-336">Singapore</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99003"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/solomon-islands/" id="menu-link-337">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99004"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/south-korea/" id="menu-link-338">South Korea</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99005"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/sri-lanka/" id="menu-link-339">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99006"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/taiwan/" id="menu-link-340">Taiwan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99007"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/thailand/" id="menu-link-341">Thailand</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99008"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/tonga/" id="menu-link-342">Tonga</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99009"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/vietnam/" id="menu-link-343">Vietnam</a></li> <li class="menu-parent-link menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99010"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/" id="menu-link-344">All Asia</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent menu-item-has-children menu-item-99011"><a id="menu-link-345" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Europe & Central Asia</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99012"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/albania/" id="menu-link-346">Albania</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99013"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/armenia/" id="menu-link-347">Armenia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99014"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/austria/" id="menu-link-348">Austria</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99015"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/azerbaijan/" id="menu-link-349">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99016"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/belarus/" id="menu-link-350">Belarus</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99017"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/belgium/" id="menu-link-351">Belgium</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99018"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/bosnia/" id="menu-link-352">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99019"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/bulgaria/" id="menu-link-353">Bulgaria</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99020"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/chechnya/" id="menu-link-354">Chechnya</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99021"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/croatia/" id="menu-link-355">Croatia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99022"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/cyprus/" id="menu-link-356">Cyprus</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99023"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/czech-republic/" id="menu-link-357">Czech Republic</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99024"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/denmark/" id="menu-link-358">Denmark</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99025"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/finland/" id="menu-link-359">Finland</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99026"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/france/" id="menu-link-360">France</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99027"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/georgia/" id="menu-link-361">Georgia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99028"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/germany/" id="menu-link-362">Germany</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99029"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/greece/" id="menu-link-363">Greece</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99030"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/hungary/" id="menu-link-364">Hungary</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99031"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/ireland/" id="menu-link-365">Ireland</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99032"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/italy/" id="menu-link-366">Italy</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99033"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/kazakhstan/" id="menu-link-367">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99034"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/kosovo/" id="menu-link-368">Kosovo</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99035"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/kyrgyzstan/" id="menu-link-369">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99036"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/latvia/" id="menu-link-370">Latvia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99037"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/lithuania/" id="menu-link-371">Lithuania</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99038"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/luxembourg/" id="menu-link-372">Luxembourg</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99039"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/macedonia/" id="menu-link-373">Macedonia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99040"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/malta/" id="menu-link-374">Malta</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99041"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/moldova/" id="menu-link-375">Moldova</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99042"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/montenegro/" id="menu-link-376">Montenegro</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99043"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/netherlands/" id="menu-link-377">Netherlands</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99044"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/north-macedonia/" id="menu-link-378">North Macedonia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99045"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/norway/" id="menu-link-379">Norway</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99046"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/poland/" id="menu-link-380">Poland</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99047"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/portugal/" id="menu-link-381">Portugal</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99048"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/romania/" id="menu-link-382">Romania</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99049"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/russia/" id="menu-link-383">Russia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99050"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/serbia/" id="menu-link-384">Serbia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99051"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/slovakia/" id="menu-link-385">Slovakia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99052"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/slovenia/" id="menu-link-386">Slovenia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99053"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/south-ossetia/" id="menu-link-387">South Ossetia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location current-menu-item menu-item-99054"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/spain/" aria-current="page" id="menu-link-388">Spain</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99055"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/sweden/" id="menu-link-389">Sweden</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99056"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/switzerland/" id="menu-link-390">Switzerland</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99057"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/tajikistan/" id="menu-link-391">Tajikistan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99058"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/turkey/" id="menu-link-392">Turkey</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99059"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/turkmenistan/" id="menu-link-393">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99060"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/uk/" id="menu-link-394">UK</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99061"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/ukraine/" id="menu-link-395">Ukraine</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99062"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/uzbekistan/" id="menu-link-396">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99063"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/vatican-city/" id="menu-link-397">Vatican City</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99064"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/yugoslavia/" id="menu-link-398">Yugoslavia</a></li> <li class="menu-parent-link menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location current-location-ancestor current-location-parent menu-item-99065"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/" id="menu-link-399">All Europe & Central Asia</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-99066"><a id="menu-link-400" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Middle East & North Africa</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99067"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/algeria/" id="menu-link-401">Algeria</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99068"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/bahrain/" id="menu-link-402">Bahrain</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99070"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/egypt/" id="menu-link-403">Egypt</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99071"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/iran/" id="menu-link-404">Iran</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99072"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/iraq/" id="menu-link-405">Iraq</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99073"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/israel-and-the-occupied-palestinian-territory/" id="menu-link-406">Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territory</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99074"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/jordan/" id="menu-link-407">Jordan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99075"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/kuwait/" id="menu-link-408">Kuwait</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99076"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/lebanon/" id="menu-link-409">Lebanon</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99077"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/libya/" id="menu-link-410">Libya</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99078"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/mauritania/" id="menu-link-411">Mauritania</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99079"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/morocco/" id="menu-link-412">Morocco</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99080"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/oman/" id="menu-link-413">Oman</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99081"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/qatar/" id="menu-link-414">Qatar</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99082"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/saudi-arabia/" id="menu-link-415">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99083"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/sudan/" id="menu-link-416">Sudan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99084"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/syria/" id="menu-link-417">Syria</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99085"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/tunisia/" id="menu-link-418">Tunisia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99086"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/uae/" id="menu-link-419">UAE</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99087"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/yemen/" id="menu-link-420">Yemen</a></li> <li class="menu-parent-link menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99088"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/" id="menu-link-421">All Middle East & North Africa</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-98869"><a id="menu-link-422" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Data</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-98870"><a id="menu-link-423" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Journalists Killed</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-98871"><a href="/data/killed/" id="menu-link-424">Killed in 2024</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-98872"><a href="/data/killed/all/" id="menu-link-425">Killed since 1992</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-98873"><a href="#" id="menu-link-426" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Journalists Imprisoned</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-345308"><a href="/data/imprisoned/" id="menu-link-427">Imprisoned in 2023</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-345309"><a href="/data/?status=Imprisoned&start_year=1992&group_by=year" id="menu-link-428">Imprisoned since 1992</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-98874"><a href="/data/missing" id="menu-link-429">Missing Journalists</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-98876"><a href="/data" id="menu-link-430">All Attacks on the Press</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-185938"><a href="https://cpj.org/data-methodology/" id="menu-link-431">Methodology</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-98877"><a id="menu-link-432" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Safety Resources</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-181264"><a href="https://cpj.org/journalist-safety-and-emergencies/" id="menu-link-433">Journalist Safety and Emergencies</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-98880"><a href="https://cpj.org/emergency-response/how-to-get-help/" id="menu-link-434">How to Get Help</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-98884"><a href="https://cpj.org/safety-kit/" id="menu-link-435">All Safety Resources</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-98886"><a id="menu-link-436" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Get Involved</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-98887"><a href="https://cpj.org/about/donate/" id="menu-link-437">Support CPJ</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-98888"><a href="/campaigns" id="menu-link-438">Take Action</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-172078"><a href="https://cpj.org/awards/" id="menu-link-439">Press Freedom Awards</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-98890"><a id="menu-link-440" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">About Us</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-98891"><a href="https://cpj.org/about/" id="menu-link-441">What We Do</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-98892"><a id="menu-link-442" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Who We Are</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-98893"><a href="https://cpj.org/about/staff/" id="menu-link-443">Our Staff</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-98894"><a href="https://cpj.org/about/board-of-directors/" id="menu-link-444">Our Board</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-98895"><a href="/press" id="menu-link-445">Press Center</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-98896"><a href="https://cpj.org/about/contact/" id="menu-link-446">Contact Us</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </header> <header class="cpj--page-header with-info-card jumbotron"> <div class="cpj--page-header--text"> <div class="container "> <h1 class="cpj--page-header--title blog-title">Spain <small class="muted">/ Europe & Central Asia</small></h1> </div> </div> </header> <div class="container"> <div class="cpj--information-card"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-8 cpj--meta"> <div class="row cpj--data-headers"> <script> $(document).ready(function() { let sublocationUrl = 'https://' + window.cpjDataManagerAPI + window.cpjDataManagerAPIEndpoints.countrystats + '?'; if (Cpjcharts.region) { sublocationUrl += '&regionShort=' + Cpjcharts.region; } if (Cpjcharts.country) { sublocationUrl += '&countryShort=' + Cpjcharts.country; } $.getJSON(sublocationUrl, function(data){ if (!data[0].stats_killed && !data[0].stats_imprisoned && !data[0].stats_missing) { $('.cpj--highcharts-container').hide(); } if (!data[0].stats_killed) { data[0].stats_killed="0" } if (!data[0].stats_murdered) { data[0].stats_murdered="0"; } if (!data[0].stats_impunity) { data[0].stats_impunity="0"; } if (!data[0].stats_imprisoned) { data[0].stats_imprisoned="0"; } if (!data[0].stats_missing) { data[0].stats_missing="0"; } $(".cpj--data-headers") .append('<div class="col-sm-4" id="stats_killed"><h2>'+data[0].stats_killed+'</h2> <b>journalists killed (motive confirmed)</b></div>'); $(".cpj--data-headers") .append('<div class="col-sm-4" id="stats_imprisoned"><h2>'+data[0].stats_imprisoned+'</h2> <b>journalists imprisoned (annual census)</b></div>'); $(".cpj--data-headers") .append('<div class="col-sm-4" id="stats_missing"><h2>'+data[0].stats_missing+'</h2> <b>journalists missing</b></div>'); }); }); </script> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-4 cpj--focus">  <div id="mc_embed_signup"> <form action="https://cpj.us20.list-manage.com/subscribe/post?u=6ad2c1e7bfaa1357bb4387b58&id=d9cab7241d" method="post" id="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" name="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" class="validate" target="_blank" novalidate> <div id="mc_embed_signup_scroll"> <div id="mce-responses" class="clear"> <div class="response" id="mce-error-response" style="display:none"></div> <div class="response" id="mce-success-response" style="display:none"></div> </div> <div style="position: absolute; left: -5000px;" aria-hidden="true">  <div class="mc-field-group input-group"> <input type="checkbox" value="1" name="group[6555][1]" id="mce-group[6555]-6555-0" > <input type="checkbox" value="2" name="group[6555][2]" id="mce-group[6555]-6555-1" > <input type="checkbox" value="4" name="group[6555][4]" id="mce-group[6555]-6555-2" > <input type="checkbox" value="8" name="group[6555][8]" id="mce-group[6555]-6555-3" checked="checked" > <input type="checkbox" value="16" name="group[6555][16]" id="mce-group[6555]-6555-4" > <input type="checkbox" value="32" name="group[6555][32]" id="mce-group[6555]-6555-5" > </div> </div> <div class="mc-field-group form-group form-group-lg"> <label for="mce-EMAIL"> CPJ Europe & Central Asia Email Alerts </label> <div class="input-group"> <input type="email" value="" name="EMAIL" class="required email form-control form-control-on-dark" id="mce-EMAIL" placeholder="Email"> <span class="input-group-btn">  <div style="position: absolute; left: -5000px;" aria-hidden="true"><input type="text" name="b_6ad2c1e7bfaa1357bb4387b58_d9cab7241d" tabindex="-1" value=""></div> <input type="submit" value="Send" name="subscribe" id="mc-embedded-subscribe" class="button btn btn-on-dark btn-lg"> </span> </div> </div> </div> </form> </div>  </div> </div> </div> <div class="flex-row"> <div> <ul class="nav nav-tabs h5" role="tablist"> <li class="active"> <a href="https://cpj.org/europe/spain/"> Alerts </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://cpj.org/reports/europe/spain/"> Reports </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://cpj.org/features-and-analysis/europe/spain/"> Features & Analysis </a> </li> <li><a href="#" class="text-muted disabled"> | </a></li> <li> <a href="https://cpj.org/data/killed/europe/spain"> Journalists Killed (motive confirmed and unconfirmed) </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div> <div class="archive-list "> <span class="form-inline"> <label for="year-nav" class="text-muted"> Spain documents by Year: </label>    <select id="year-nav" onchange="document.location.href=this.options[this.selectedIndex].value;" tabindex="-1" class="form-control btn-full" size="1"> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2024/'> 2024 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2023/'> 2023 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2022/'> 2022 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2021/'> 2021 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2020/'> 2020 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2019/'> 2019 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2018/'> 2018 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2017/'> 2017 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2016/'> 2016 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2015/'> 2015 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2014/'> 2014 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2013/'> 2013 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2012/'> 2012 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2011/'> 2011 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2010/'> 2010 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2008/'> 2008 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2007/'> 2007 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2004/'> 2004 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2003/'> 2003 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2002/'> 2002 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2001/'> 2001 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2000/'> 2000 </option> </select> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row cpj--inline-cols"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div id="368557" class="cpj--module cpj--module--article-preview full"> <div class="cpj--module--header"> <a href="https://cpj.org/news/" id="cpj--module--category--entryid368557" class="btn btn-primary cpj--module--category btn-lg">Alerts</a> </div> <figure class="cpj--module--media"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2024/03/spanish-official-threatens-and-doxxes-journalists-at-2-news-outlets-after-corruption-expose/" title="Spanish official threatens and doxxes journalists at 2 news outlets after corruption exposé"><img width="745" height="455" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Palomera-Rodriguez.jpg?w=745&h=455&crop=1" class="attachment-cpj-large-cropped size-cpj-large-cropped wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://cpj.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Palomera-Rodriguez.jpg 745w, https://cpj.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Palomera-Rodriguez.jpg?resize=300,183 300w, https://cpj.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Palomera-Rodriguez.jpg?resize=570,348 570w, https://cpj.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Palomera-Rodriguez.jpg?resize=652,398 652w" sizes="(max-width: 745px) 100vw, 745px" /></a> </figure> <div class="cpj--module--content"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2024/03/spanish-official-threatens-and-doxxes-journalists-at-2-news-outlets-after-corruption-expose/" class="cpj--module--link" title="Spanish official threatens and doxxes journalists at 2 news outlets after corruption exposé"></a> <h3>Spanish official threatens and doxxes journalists at 2 news outlets after corruption exposé</h3> <p class="cpj--module--content--timestamp"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-03-21T12:14:22-04:00">March 21, 2024 12:14 PM EDT</time></p> <div class="article--preview"><p>Berlin, March 21, 2024—Spanish authorities must conduct a swift, thorough, and transparent investigation into threats against and harassment of elDiario.es news website and El País newspaper and their journalists by an aide to Madrid’s regional president Isabel Díaz Ayuso, after elDiario.es published allegations of corruption involving the conservative leader’s partner, the Committee to Protect Journalists…</p> </div> <p><a href="https://cpj.org/2024/03/spanish-official-threatens-and-doxxes-journalists-at-2-news-outlets-after-corruption-expose/">Read More &rsaquo;</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div id="302326" class="cpj--module cpj--module--article-preview full"> <div class="cpj--module--header"> <a href="https://cpj.org/news/" id="cpj--module--category--entryid302326" class="btn btn-primary cpj--module--category btn-lg">Alerts</a> </div> <figure class="cpj--module--media"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2023/07/exiled-cuban-journalist-abraham-jimenez-enoa-threatened-in-spain/" title="Exiled Cuban journalist Abraham Jiménez Enoa threatened in Spain"><img width="750" height="480" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/WhatsApp-Image-2020-10-06-at-10.58.32-AM.jpeg?w=750&h=480&crop=1" class="attachment-cpj-large-cropped size-cpj-large-cropped wp-post-image" alt="journalist Abraham Jiménez Enoa" decoding="async" /></a> </figure> <div class="cpj--module--content"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2023/07/exiled-cuban-journalist-abraham-jimenez-enoa-threatened-in-spain/" class="cpj--module--link" title="Exiled Cuban journalist Abraham Jiménez Enoa threatened in Spain"></a> <h3>Exiled Cuban journalist Abraham Jiménez Enoa threatened in Spain</h3> <p class="cpj--module--content--timestamp"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2023-07-26T16:02:53-04:00">July 26, 2023 4:02 PM EDT</time></p> <div class="article--preview"><p>São Paulo, July 26, 2023—Spanish authorities must investigate threats made to exiled Cuban journalist Abraham Jiménez Enoa and ensure his and his family’s safety, the Committee to Protect Journalists said Wednesday.   On Tuesday, July 25, two unidentified men with Cuban accents threatened Jiménez as he was walking home with his two-year-old son in Barcelona, according…</p> </div> <p><a href="https://cpj.org/2023/07/exiled-cuban-journalist-abraham-jimenez-enoa-threatened-in-spain/">Read More &rsaquo;</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div id="236603" class="cpj--module cpj--module--article-preview full"> <div class="cpj--module--header"> <a href="https://cpj.org/features-and-analysis/" id="cpj--module--category--entryid236603" class="btn btn-primary cpj--module--category btn-lg">Features & Analysis</a> </div> <figure class="cpj--module--media"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2022/10/david-kaye-what-world-leaders-must-do-about-spyware/" title="David Kaye: Here’s what world leaders must do about spyware"><img width="750" height="480" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/000_UV457.jpg?w=750&h=480&crop=1" class="attachment-cpj-large-cropped size-cpj-large-cropped wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> </figure> <div class="cpj--module--content"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2022/10/david-kaye-what-world-leaders-must-do-about-spyware/" class="cpj--module--link" title="David Kaye: Here’s what world leaders must do about spyware"></a> <h3>David Kaye: Here’s what world leaders must do about spyware</h3> <p class="cpj--module--content--timestamp"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2022-10-13T05:00:00-04:00">October 13, 2022 5:00 AM EDT</time></p> <div class="article--preview"><p>In late June, the general counsel of NSO Group, the Israeli company responsible for the deeply intrusive spyware tool, Pegasus, appeared before a committee established by members of the European Parliament (MEPs). Called the PEGA Committee colloquially, the Parliament established it to investigate allegations that EU member states and others have used “Pegasus and equivalent…</p> </div> <p><a href="https://cpj.org/2022/10/david-kaye-what-world-leaders-must-do-about-spyware/">Read More &rsaquo;</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div id="230727" class="cpj--module cpj--module--article-preview full"> <div class="cpj--module--header"> <a href="https://cpj.org/news/" id="cpj--module--category--entryid230727" class="btn btn-primary cpj--module--category btn-lg">Alerts</a> </div> <figure class="cpj--module--media"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2022/09/protesters-attack-freelance-video-journalist-lorena-sopena-in-barcelona/" title="Protesters attack freelance video journalist Lorena Sopena in Barcelona"><img width="750" height="480" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/000_32J779G.jpg?w=750&h=480&crop=1" class="attachment-cpj-large-cropped size-cpj-large-cropped wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /></a> </figure> <div class="cpj--module--content"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2022/09/protesters-attack-freelance-video-journalist-lorena-sopena-in-barcelona/" class="cpj--module--link" title="Protesters attack freelance video journalist Lorena Sopena in Barcelona"></a> <h3>Protesters attack freelance video journalist Lorena Sopena in Barcelona</h3> <p class="cpj--module--content--timestamp"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2022-09-22T09:15:47-04:00">September 22, 2022 9:15 AM EDT</time></p> <div class="article--preview"><p>Berlin, September 22, 2022 – Spanish authorities should swiftly and thoroughly investigate the attack on freelance video journalist Lorena Sopena, bring the perpetrators to justice, and ensure that journalists can cover protests safely, the Committee to Protect Journalists said Thursday. On September 10, Sopena was filming a Catalan pro-independence demonstration in Barcelona for Spanish public…</p> </div> <p><a href="https://cpj.org/2022/09/protesters-attack-freelance-video-journalist-lorena-sopena-in-barcelona/">Read More &rsaquo;</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div id="227994" class="cpj--module cpj--module--article-preview full"> <div class="cpj--module--header"> <a href="https://cpj.org/features-and-analysis/" id="cpj--module--category--entryid227994" class="btn btn-primary cpj--module--category btn-lg">Features & Analysis</a> </div> <figure class="cpj--module--media"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2022/09/spain-is-set-to-reform-gag-law-but-press-freedom-groups-are-skeptical/" title="Spain is set to reform ‘gag law,’ but press freedom groups are skeptical"><img width="750" height="480" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/000_9ZZ43U.jpg?w=750&h=480&crop=1" class="attachment-cpj-large-cropped size-cpj-large-cropped wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /></a> </figure> <div class="cpj--module--content"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2022/09/spain-is-set-to-reform-gag-law-but-press-freedom-groups-are-skeptical/" class="cpj--module--link" title="Spain is set to reform ‘gag law,’ but press freedom groups are skeptical"></a> <h3>Spain is set to reform ‘gag law,’ but press freedom groups are skeptical</h3> <p class="cpj--module--content--timestamp"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2022-09-09T11:34:23-04:00">September 9, 2022 11:34 AM EDT</time></p> <div class="article--preview"><p>In May, Diego Díaz Alonso, editor of Spanish non-profit news outlet Nortes, was surprised to receive a 601 euro (US$611) fine in the mail. The letter claimed that Díaz Alonso had resisted police and obstructed emergency services as they were treating a homeless person lying unconscious in the street in Gijón, in northern Spain, the previous summer….</p> </div> <p><a href="https://cpj.org/2022/09/spain-is-set-to-reform-gag-law-but-press-freedom-groups-are-skeptical/">Read More &rsaquo;</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div id="169626" class="cpj--module cpj--module--article-preview full"> <div class="cpj--module--header"> <a href="https://cpj.org/news/" id="cpj--module--category--entryid169626" class="btn btn-primary cpj--module--category btn-lg">Alerts</a> </div> <figure class="cpj--module--media"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2022/02/spanish-court-orders-investigation-of-4-journalists-over-testimony-in-police-abuse-case/" title="Spanish court orders investigation of 4 journalists over testimony in police abuse case"><img width="750" height="480" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/spain_02-23-2022.jpeg?w=750&h=480&crop=1" class="attachment-cpj-large-cropped size-cpj-large-cropped wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /></a> </figure> <div class="cpj--module--content"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2022/02/spanish-court-orders-investigation-of-4-journalists-over-testimony-in-police-abuse-case/" class="cpj--module--link" title="Spanish court orders investigation of 4 journalists over testimony in police abuse case"></a> <h3>Spanish court orders investigation of 4 journalists over testimony in police abuse case</h3> <p class="cpj--module--content--timestamp"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2022-02-23T10:14:10-05:00">February 23, 2022 10:14 AM EST</time></p> <div class="article--preview"><p>Berlin, February 23, 2022 – Spanish authorities should drop their criminal investigations into four journalists over their coverage of alleged police abuses, and should ensure that members of the press do not face criminal charges over their work, the Committee to Protect Journalists said Wednesday. On February 16, the Provincial Court of Madrid acquitted a…</p> </div> <p><a href="https://cpj.org/2022/02/spanish-court-orders-investigation-of-4-journalists-over-testimony-in-police-abuse-case/">Read More &rsaquo;</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div id="140152" class="cpj--module cpj--module--article-preview full"> <div class="cpj--module--header"> <a href="https://cpj.org/news/" id="cpj--module--category--entryid140152" class="btn btn-primary cpj--module--category btn-lg">Alerts</a> </div> <figure class="cpj--module--media"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2021/10/spanish-judge-demands-journalist-ignacio-escolar-reveal-his-sources-in-a-leak-investigation/" title="Spanish judge demands journalist Ignacio Escolar reveal his sources in a leak investigation"><img width="750" height="480" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/RTX8F8LH.jpg?w=750&h=480&crop=1" class="attachment-cpj-large-cropped size-cpj-large-cropped wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /></a> </figure> <div class="cpj--module--content"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2021/10/spanish-judge-demands-journalist-ignacio-escolar-reveal-his-sources-in-a-leak-investigation/" class="cpj--module--link" title="Spanish judge demands journalist Ignacio Escolar reveal his sources in a leak investigation"></a> <h3>Spanish judge demands journalist Ignacio Escolar reveal his sources in a leak investigation</h3> <p class="cpj--module--content--timestamp"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2021-10-26T13:26:18-04:00">October 26, 2021 1:26 PM EDT</time></p> <div class="article--preview"><p>Berlin, October 26, 2021 — Spanish authorities must drop their demand for journalist Ignacio Escolar to reveal his news site’s sources in a leak investigation, the Committee to Protect Journalists said today. On October 5, 2021, the first instance investigative criminal court No. 29 of Madrid, presided by investigating judge María Cristina Díaz, gave Ignacio…</p> </div> <p><a href="https://cpj.org/2021/10/spanish-judge-demands-journalist-ignacio-escolar-reveal-his-sources-in-a-leak-investigation/">Read More &rsaquo;</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div id="96140" class="cpj--module cpj--module--article-preview full"> <div class="cpj--module--header"> <a href="https://cpj.org/news/" id="cpj--module--category--entryid96140" class="btn btn-primary cpj--module--category btn-lg">Alerts</a> </div> <figure class="cpj--module--media"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2021/04/palestinian-journalist-muath-hamed-questioned-in-spain-by-alleged-israeli-intelligence-agent/" title="Palestinian journalist Muath Hamed questioned in Spain by alleged Israeli intelligence agent"><img width="750" height="480" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/rt_spain_04-15-2021.jpg?w=750&h=480&crop=1" class="attachment-cpj-large-cropped size-cpj-large-cropped wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /></a> </figure> <div class="cpj--module--content"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2021/04/palestinian-journalist-muath-hamed-questioned-in-spain-by-alleged-israeli-intelligence-agent/" class="cpj--module--link" title="Palestinian journalist Muath Hamed questioned in Spain by alleged Israeli intelligence agent"></a> <h3>Palestinian journalist Muath Hamed questioned in Spain by alleged Israeli intelligence agent</h3> <p class="cpj--module--content--timestamp"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2021-04-15T16:30:30-04:00">April 15, 2021 4:30 PM EDT</time></p> <div class="article--preview"><p>New York, April 15, 2021 – The Committee to Protect Journalists today expressed concern over an account by Palestinian journalist Muath Hamed that he was summoned by Spanish authorities under false pretenses and questioned about his journalistic activity by someone he believes to be an Israeli intelligence operative. In early February, officers with Spain’s Civil…</p> </div> <p><a href="https://cpj.org/2021/04/palestinian-journalist-muath-hamed-questioned-in-spain-by-alleged-israeli-intelligence-agent/">Read More &rsaquo;</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div id="46668" class="cpj--module cpj--module--article-preview full"> <div class="cpj--module--header"> <a href="https://cpj.org/features-and-analysis/" id="cpj--module--category--entryid46668" class="btn btn-primary cpj--module--category btn-lg">Features & Analysis</a> </div> <figure class="cpj--module--media"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2020/07/data-journalists-describe-challenges-of-reporting-on-the-true-toll-of-covid-19/" title="Data journalists describe challenges of reporting on the true toll of COVID-19"><img width="750" height="480" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/data-journo-blog.png?w=750&h=480&crop=1" class="attachment-cpj-large-cropped size-cpj-large-cropped wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /></a> </figure> <div class="cpj--module--content"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2020/07/data-journalists-describe-challenges-of-reporting-on-the-true-toll-of-covid-19/" class="cpj--module--link" title="Data journalists describe challenges of reporting on the true toll of COVID-19"></a> <h3>Data journalists describe challenges of reporting on the true toll of COVID-19</h3> <p class="cpj--module--content--timestamp"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2020-07-14T16:44:12-04:00">July 14, 2020 4:44 PM EDT</time></p> <div class="article--preview"><p>How many people worldwide have been infected by the coronavirus, and how many have died as a result? Finding reliable information on the virus’s toll has proven such a challenging task that it is nearly impossible to answer these basic questions, five data journalists from around the world told CPJ in May and June. In…</p> </div> <p><a href="https://cpj.org/2020/07/data-journalists-describe-challenges-of-reporting-on-the-true-toll-of-covid-19/">Read More &rsaquo;</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div id="35870" class="cpj--module cpj--module--article-preview full"> <div class="cpj--module--header"> <a href="https://cpj.org/news/" id="cpj--module--category--entryid35870" class="btn btn-primary cpj--module--category btn-lg">Alerts</a> </div> <figure class="cpj--module--media"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2019/10/journalists-covering-catalonia-demonstrations-atta/" title="Journalists covering Catalonia demonstrations attacked, harassed by police, protesters"><img width="750" height="480" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/afp_spain20alert2010.16_rs.jpg?w=750&h=480&crop=1" class="attachment-cpj-large-cropped size-cpj-large-cropped wp-post-image" alt="Protesters clash with Spanish policemen outside El Prat airport in Barcelona on October 14, 2019, as thousands of angry protesters took to the streets after Spain's Supreme Court sentenced nine Catalan separatist leaders to jail for sedition over the failed 2017 independence bid. Scores of journalists were injured covering the protests, which continued through October 20. (AFP/Pau Barrena)" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /></a> </figure> <div class="cpj--module--content"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2019/10/journalists-covering-catalonia-demonstrations-atta/" class="cpj--module--link" title="Journalists covering Catalonia demonstrations attacked, harassed by police, protesters"></a> <h3>Journalists covering Catalonia demonstrations attacked, harassed by police, protesters</h3> <p class="cpj--module--content--timestamp"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2019-10-23T12:00:14-04:00">October 23, 2019 12:00 PM EDT</time></p> <div class="article--preview"><p>Berlin, October 23, 2019 — Authorities in the Spanish region of Catalonia should ensure the safety of reporters covering protests, the Committee to Protect Journalists said today.</p> </div> <p><a href="https://cpj.org/2019/10/journalists-covering-catalonia-demonstrations-atta/">Read More &rsaquo;</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-6"> <div class="archive-navigation"> <a href="https://cpj.org/europe/spain/page/2/" class="more-category-news" > More documents on Spain &rsaquo; </a> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-6"> <div class="archive-list "> <span class="form-inline"> <label for="year-nav" class="text-muted"> Spain documents by Year: </label>    <select id="year-nav" onchange="document.location.href=this.options[this.selectedIndex].value;" tabindex="-1" class="form-control btn-full" size="1"> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2024/'> 2024 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2023/'> 2023 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2022/'> 2022 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2021/'> 2021 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2020/'> 2020 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2019/'> 2019 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2018/'> 2018 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2017/'> 2017 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2016/'> 2016 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2015/'> 2015 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2014/'> 2014 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2013/'> 2013 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2012/'> 2012 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2011/'> 2011 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2010/'> 2010 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2008/'> 2008 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2007/'> 2007 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2004/'> 2004 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2003/'> 2003 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2002/'> 2002 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2001/'> 2001 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/spain/2000/'> 2000 </option> </select> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer class="site-footer"> <div class="site-footer__container--top"> <button class="site-footer__back-to-top"> <a href="#"><span>Back to Top</span></a> </button> <div class="site-footer_subscribe"> <span class="site-footer__subsribe-text"> Subscribe to CPJ Newsletters: </span> <div class="engaging-networks-subscribe-form__wrapper"> <form action="https://cpj.org/europe/spain" method="POST" class="newsletter recaptcha"> <fieldset> <legend> </legend> <input type="hidden" id="_newsletter-subscribe-form-nonce" name="_newsletter-subscribe-form-nonce" value="ae59890c2a" /><input type="hidden" name="_wp_http_referer" value="/europe/spain/" /> <input type="hidden" name="formID" value="5101" > <input type="hidden" name="url" value="https://newsletter.cpj.org/page/5101/subscribe/2" > <div class="form-group form-group-lg"> <input type="hidden" value="Y" name="supporter.questions.59241"> <label for="signup-email" class="screen-reader-text"> Email Address </label> <div class="input-group"> <input id="en__field_supporter_emailAddress" type="email" name="supporter.emailAddress" class="form-control form-control-on-dark" placeholder="Email" required="required" > <span class="input-group-btn"> <button class="btn btn-on-dark btn-lg" type="submit" name="submit-newsletter-subscribe-form" > <span> Sign Up </span> </button> </span> </div> </div> </fieldset> </form> </div> </div> <div class="site-footer__donate"> <a class="site-footer__supporter-link" href="https://cpj.org/about/donate/"> Become a Supporter </a> <a class="button--donate" href="/donate"> Donate </a> </div> </div> <div class="site-footer__container--middle"> <div class="site-footer__navigation"> <ul id="menu-footer" class="site-footer__menu--main"><li id="menu-item-41839" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-41839"><a href="#" id="menu-link-447">News</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-41840" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-41840"><a href="https://cpj.org/news/" id="menu-link-448">Alerts</a></li> <li id="menu-item-41841" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-41841"><a href="https://cpj.org/features-and-analysis/" id="menu-link-449">Features & Analysis</a></li> <li id="menu-item-41842" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-41842"><a href="https://cpj.org/letters/" id="menu-link-450">Letters</a></li> <li id="menu-item-41843" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-41843"><a href="https://cpj.org/reports/" id="menu-link-451">Special Reports</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-41851" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-41851"><a href="#" id="menu-link-452">Data</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-41852" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-41852"><a href="https://cpj.org/data/killed/" id="menu-link-453">Journalists Killed</a></li> <li id="menu-item-41853" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-41853"><a href="https://cpj.org/data/imprisoned" id="menu-link-454">Journalists Imprisoned</a></li> <li id="menu-item-41855" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-41855"><a href="https://cpj.org/data/missing/" id="menu-link-455">Missing Journalists</a></li> <li id="menu-item-41857" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-41857"><a href="https://cpj.org/data/" id="menu-link-456">All Attacks on the Press</a></li> <li id="menu-item-185939" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-185939"><a href="https://cpj.org/data-methodology/" id="menu-link-457">Methodology</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-41858" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-41858"><a href="#" id="menu-link-458">Get Help</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-41859" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-41859"><a href="https://cpj.org/emergency-response/what-we-do/" id="menu-link-459">Emergencies</a></li> <li id="menu-item-41860" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-41860"><a href="https://cpj.org/safety-advisories/" id="menu-link-460">Staying Safe</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-41862" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-41862"><a href="#" id="menu-link-461">Get Involved</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-41864" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-41864"><a href="https://cpj.org/about/donate/" id="menu-link-462">Support CPJ</a></li> <li id="menu-item-41865" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-41865"><a href="https://cpj.org/campaigns/" id="menu-link-463">Take Action</a></li> <li id="menu-item-41866" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-41866"><a href="https://cpj.org/awards/" id="menu-link-464">Press Freedom Awards</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-41867" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-41867"><a href="#" id="menu-link-465">About Us</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-41868" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-41868"><a href="https://cpj.org/about/" id="menu-link-466">What We Do</a></li> <li id="menu-item-41870" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-41870"><a href="https://cpj.org/about/staff/" id="menu-link-467">Who We Are</a></li> <li id="menu-item-96806" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-96806"><a href="https://cpj.org/about/jobs/" id="menu-link-468">Employment Opportunities</a></li> <li id="menu-item-41871" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-41871"><a href="https://cpj.org/press/" id="menu-link-469">Press Center</a></li> <li id="menu-item-41873" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-41873"><a href="https://cpj.org/about/contact/" id="menu-link-470">Contact Us</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-41876" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-41876"><a href="#" id="menu-link-471">Countries & Regions</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-41877" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-41877"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/" id="menu-link-472">Americas</a></li> <li id="menu-item-41879" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-41879"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/" id="menu-link-473">Europe & Central Asia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-41880" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-41880"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/" id="menu-link-474">Middle East & North Africa</a></li> <li id="menu-item-41882" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-41882"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/" id="menu-link-475">Africa</a></li> <li id="menu-item-41883" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-41883"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/" id="menu-link-476">Asia</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="site-footer__container--bottom"> <div class="site-footer__section"> <h2 class="site-footer__heading">Contact Us</h2> </div> <div class="site-footer__section"> <p>CPJ is a 501(c)3 non-profit.</p> <p> Our EIN is 13-3081500. </p> </div> <div class="site-footer__section"> <p>Committee to Protect Journalists</p> <p>The John S. and James L. Knight Foundation Press Freedom Center</p> <p> P.O. Box 2675 </p> <p> New York, NY 10108 </p> </div> <div class="site-footer__section"> <p> Tel 212-465-1004 </p> <p> Fax 212-214-0640 </p> </div> <div class="site-footer__section"> <p><a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#ef86818980af8c9f85c1809d88"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="a4cdcac2cbe4c7d4ce8acbd6c3">[email protected]</span></a></p> </div> </div> <div class="site-footer__container--bottom"> <div class="site-footer__section"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" target="_blank"> <img src="https://mirrors.creativecommons.org/presskit/buttons/88x31/svg/by-nc-nd.eu.svg" alt="Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License" > </a> </div> <div class="site-footer__section"> <p> Except where noted, text on this website is licensed under a <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" target="_blank">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>. </p> </div> <div class="site-footer__section"> <p> Images and other media are not covered by the Creative Commons license. For more information about permissions, see our <a href="https://cpj.org/about/faq/">FAQs</a>. </p> </div> </div> </footer> <script data-cfasync="false" src="/cdn-cgi/scripts/5c5dd728/cloudflare-static/email-decode.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript"> var myCategories = []; </script> <script> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-6152750-1', 'auto', {'allowLinker': true}); ga('set', 'forceSSL', true); ga('send', 'pageview'); ga('require', 'linker'); ga('linker:autoLink', ['e-activist.com']); if (typeof myCategories !== 'undefined') { for (var i = 0; i < myCategories.length; i++) { setTimeout(myFunction(i), 3000); function myFunction(i) { ga('send', 'event', 'Custom Dimension Event', 'Category Views', 'Category Views', {nonInteraction: true, 'dimension2': myCategories[i], 'metric1': 1}); } } } </script>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-98824287-2"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'UA-98824287-2'); </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?render=6Lf0KX8UAAAAAG_bv-3K8e2UkT1msw6XbmMRIG9J&ver=2.0.0" id="recaptcha-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="subscribe-form-scripts-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var cpj_recaptcha = {"public_key_v3":"6Lf0KX8UAAAAAG_bv-3K8e2UkT1msw6XbmMRIG9J"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/plugins/cpj/build/subscribe-form-scripts.709978633ec54e63ce35.bundle.min.js?ver=2.0.0" id="subscribe-form-scripts-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/client/src/mt-assets/js/vendor/bootstrap.min.js?ver=3.3.7" id="bootstrap-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/client/src/mt-assets/js/vendor/bootstrap-select.min.js?ver=1.11.2" id="bootstrap-select-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/client/src/mt-assets/js/vendor/bootstrap-toggle.min.js?ver=2.2.0" id="bootstrap-toggle-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/client/src/mt-assets/js/vendor/jquery.fitvids.js?ver=1.1" id="jqery-fitvids-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="cpj-global-js-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var cpjDataManagerAPI = ["datamanager.cpj.org"]; var cpjDataManagerAPIEndpoints = {"headlinestats":"\/api\/datamanager\/headlinestats","countrystats":"\/api\/datamanager\/countrystats","killed":"\/api\/datamanager\/killed","suggest":"\/api\/datamanager\/suggest","entries":"\/api\/datamanager\/reports\/entries","featuredjournalists":"\/api\/datamanager\/featuredjournalists"}; var cpjPrisonCensusYear = ["2023"]; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cpj.org/wp-content/themes/cpj/client/build/js/global.d8c7cb5144a1dc542d9f.bundle.min.js?ver=2.0" id="cpj-global-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://stats.wp.com/e-202447.js" id="jetpack-stats-js" data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="jetpack-stats-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ _stq = window._stq || []; _stq.push([ "view", JSON.parse("{\"v\":\"ext\",\"blog\":\"172726574\",\"post\":\"0\",\"tz\":\"-5\",\"srv\":\"cpj.org\",\"hp\":\"vip\",\"j\":\"1:13.9.1\"}") ]); _stq.push([ "clickTrackerInit", "172726574", "0" ]); /* ]]> */ </script> </body> </html>