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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Possible ossuary of Miriam</div> <p> <b>Miriam ossuary</b> is a decorated limestone ossuary from a tomb in the <a href="/wiki/Valley_of_Elah" title="Valley of Elah">Valley of Elah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>, which bears an inscription attributing it to "Miriam, the daughter of Yeshua." </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miriam_ossuary&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Miriam ossuary came to light in June 2011. Archaeologists from <a href="/wiki/Bar-Ilan_University" title="Bar-Ilan University">Bar-Ilan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv_University" title="Tel Aviv University">Tel Aviv Universities</a> announced that it had been plundered from a tomb in the Valley of Elah. The <a href="/wiki/Israel_Antiquities_Authority" title="Israel Antiquities Authority">Israel Antiquities Authority</a> declared it authentic, and expressed regret that it couldn't be studied <i><a href="/wiki/In_situ#Archaeology" title="In situ">in situ</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is inscribed with the text: "Miriam, daughter of Yeshua, son of Caiaphas, Priest of Ma’aziah from Beth ‘Imri".<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Based on it, <a href="/wiki/Caiaphas" title="Caiaphas">Caiaphas</a> can be assigned to the <a href="/wiki/Priestly_divisions" title="Priestly divisions">priestly course</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ma%E2%80%99aziah" class="mw-redirect" title="Ma’aziah">Ma’aziah</a>, instituted by King <a href="/wiki/David" title="David">David</a>. </p><p>The script is formal, in a style common in ossuary inscriptions of the late Second Temple period.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similar ossuaries were found in the Jerusalem area from the second half of the 1st century BC until the destruction of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Temple" title="Second Temple">Second Temple</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Judea" title="Judea">Judea</a>, this type of ossuary continued to be common until the <a href="/wiki/Bar_Kochba_revolt" class="mw-redirect" title="Bar Kochba revolt">Bar Kochba revolt</a>. The researchers dated the ossuary based on the excavation and other findings to approximately <a href="/wiki/AD_70" title="AD 70">70 AD</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miriam_ossuary&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The ossuary is made of <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a>, length 46 <a href="/wiki/Centimetre" title="Centimetre">cm</a>, width 23 cm and height 26 cm. It stands on four legs. The front is decorated with two circles, and in each circle a <a href="/wiki/Rosette_(design)" title="Rosette (design)">rosette</a> with six leaves. The circles are surrounded by a rectangular frame. The inscription is carved above the rectangular frame, between it and the lip of the ossuary. Another decoration of a circle and a rosette also decorates one narrow side of the ossuary. The lid is arched. There is an inscription. The length of the inscription is 35.5 cm, the height of the letters varies between 10–15 cm. The script in which the inscription was written was common at the end of <a href="/wiki/Second_Temple_period" title="Second Temple period">Second Temple period</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miriam_ossuary&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caiaphas_ossuary" title="Caiaphas ossuary">Caiaphas ossuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaeology_of_Israel" title="Archaeology of Israel">Archaeology of Israel</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miriam_ossuary&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/meast/06/29/israel.ancient.burial/index.html?iref=allsearch">"Israeli authorities: 2,000-year-old burial box is the real deal"</a>. CNN. 30 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Israeli+authorities%3A+2%2C000-year-old+burial+box+is+the+real+deal&rft.pub=CNN&rft.date=2011-06-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2011%2FWORLD%2Fmeast%2F06%2F29%2Fisrael.ancient.burial%2Findex.html%3Firef%3Dallsearch&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiriam+ossuary" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFZissuGoren2011" class="citation journal cs1">Zissu, Boaz; Goren, Yuval (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lisa.biu.ac.il/sites/lisa/files/shared/n-Miriam_Ossuary_-_Offprint_from_IEJ_61-2011.pdf">"The Ossuary of 'Miriam Daughter of Yeshua Son of Caiaphas, Priests [of] Maʿaziah from Beth ʾImri'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Israel Exploration Journal</i>. <b>61</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">74–</span>95. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/23214223">23214223</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Israel+Exploration+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Ossuary+of+%27Miriam+Daughter+of+Yeshua+Son+of+Caiaphas%2C+Priests+%26%2391%3Bof%26%2393%3B+Ma%CA%BFaziah+from+Beth+%CA%BEImri%27&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E74-%3C%2Fspan%3E95&rft.date=2011&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F23214223%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Zissu&rft.aufirst=Boaz&rft.au=Goren%2C+Yuval&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flisa.biu.ac.il%2Fsites%2Flisa%2Ffiles%2Fshared%2Fn-Miriam_Ossuary_-_Offprint_from_IEJ_61-2011.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiriam+ossuary" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cris.bgu.ac.il/en/publications/the-ossuary-of-miriam-daughter-of-yeshua-son-of-caiaphas-priests--3">The Ossuary of 'Miriam daughter of Yeshua Son of Caiaphas, Priests of Ma'aziah from Beth Imri'</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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