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vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Początek</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Wczesne_lata" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wczesne_lata"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Wczesne lata</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wczesne_lata-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Życie_prywatne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Życie_prywatne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Życie prywatne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Życie_prywatne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wojna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wojna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Wojna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wojna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Osiągnięcia_pisarskie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Osiągnięcia_pisarskie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Osiągnięcia pisarskie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Osiągnięcia_pisarskie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ostatnie_lata" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ostatnie_lata"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Ostatnie lata</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ostatnie_lata-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Różne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Różne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Różne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Różne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twórczość" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twórczość"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Twórczość</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twórczość-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ekranizacje" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ekranizacje"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Ekranizacje</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ekranizacje-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Przypisy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Przypisy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Przypisy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Przypisy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Linki_zewnętrzne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Linki_zewnętrzne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Linki zewnętrzne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Linki_zewnętrzne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Spis treści" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Przełącz stan spisu treści" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Przełącz stan spisu treści</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">William Golding</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Przejdź do artykułu w innym języku. Treść dostępna w 97 językach" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-97" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">97 języków</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%86%D8%BA" title="ويليام غولدنغ – arabski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ويليام غولدنغ" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – aragoński" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – asturyjski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilyam_Qoldinq" title="Vilyam Qoldinq – azerbejdżański" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Vilyam Qoldinq" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbejdżański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%82%D9%84%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%82" title="ویلیام قلدینق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ویلیام قلدینق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82" title="উইলিয়াম গোল্ডিং – bengalski" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উইলিয়াম গোল্ডিং" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – minnański" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Уільям Голдынг – białoruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Уільям Голдынг" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="białoruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8E%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Ўільям Голдынг – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ўільям Голдынг" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Уилям Голдинг – bułgarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Уилям Голдинг" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bułgarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – bretoński" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – kataloński" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataloński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Уильям Голдинг – czuwaski" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Уильям Голдинг" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="czuwaski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – czeski" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="czeski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – walijski" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – duński" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="duński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – niemiecki" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="niemiecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – estoński" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%85%CE%AF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BC_%CE%93%CE%BA%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B3%CE%BA" title="Ουίλιαμ Γκόλντινγκ – grecki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ουίλιαμ Γκόλντινγκ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – angielski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angielski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="medal"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – hiszpański" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hiszpański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85_%DA%AF%D9%84%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF" title="ویلیام گلدینگ – perski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویلیام گلدینگ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – irlandzki" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – szkocki gaelicki" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="szkocki gaelicki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – galicyjski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84_%EA%B3%A8%EB%94%A9" title="윌리엄 골딩 – koreański" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="윌리엄 골딩" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B4_%D4%B3%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A3" title="Վիլյամ Գոլդինգ – ormiański" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վիլյամ Գոլդինգ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ormiański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97" title="विलियम गोल्डिंग – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विलियम गोल्डिंग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – chorwacki" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorwacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – ilokano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilokano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – indonezyjski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – islandzki" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – włoski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="włoski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9D_%D7%92%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%92" title="ויליאם גולדינג – hebrajski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ויליאם גולדינג" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – jawajski" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="jawajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D,_%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D" title="ಗೋಲ್ಡಿಂಗ್, ವಿಲಿಯಮ್ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗೋಲ್ಡಿಂಗ್, ವಿಲಿಯಮ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B_%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%98" title="უილიამ გოლდინგი – gruziński" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="უილიამ გოლდინგი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruziński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Уильям Голдинг – kazachski" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Уильям Голдинг" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazachski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – kornijski" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – suahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – kurdyjski" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B8%D2%A3" title="Уилям Голдиң – kirgiski" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Уилям Голдиң" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulielmus_Golding" title="Gulielmus Golding – łaciński" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Gulielmus Golding" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="łaciński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viljams_Goldings" title="Viljams Goldings – łotewski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Viljams Goldings" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="łotewski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – luksemburski" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luksemburski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – litewski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litewski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – węgierski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="węgierski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Вилијам Голдинг – macedoński" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Вилијам Голдинг" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – malgaski" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BE%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D" title="വില്യം ഗോൾഡിംഗ് – malajalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വില്യം ഗോൾഡിംഗ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97" title="विल्यम गोल्डिंग – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="विल्यम गोल्डिंग" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B_%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%98" title="უილიამ გოლდინგი – megrelski" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="უილიამ გოლდინგი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="megrelski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%86%D8%AC" title="ويليام جولدنج – egipski arabski" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ويليام جولدنج" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egipski arabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85_%DA%AF%D9%84%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF" title="ویلیام گلدینگ – mazanderański" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ویلیام گلدینگ" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – niderlandzki" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="niderlandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%99" title="विलियम गोल्डिङ – nepalski" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="विलियम गोल्डिङ" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A0%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B4%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0" title="ウィリアム・ゴールディング – japoński" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウィリアム・ゴールディング" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – norweski (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norweski (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – norweski (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norweski (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – oksytański" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksytański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – uzbecki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE_%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97" title="ਵਿਲੀਅਮ ਗੋਲਡਿੰਗ – pendżabski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਵਿਲੀਅਮ ਗੋਲਡਿੰਗ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pendżabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85_%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%DA%88%D9%86%DA%AF" title="ولیم گولڈنگ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ولیم گولڈنگ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – piemoncki" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemoncki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – rumuński" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumuński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – keczua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="keczua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobry artykuł"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3,_%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC" title="Голдинг, Уильям – rosyjski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Голдинг, Уильям" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rosyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – albański" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – słowacki" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="słowacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – słoweński" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="słoweński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Вилијам Голдинг – serbski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Вилијам Голдинг" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – serbsko-chorwacki" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbsko-chorwacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – fiński" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – szwedzki" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="szwedzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D" title="வில்லியம் கோல்டிங் – tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வில்லியம் கோல்டிங்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B8%D2%A3" title="Вильям Голдиң – tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Вильям Голдиң" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1_%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87" title="วิลเลียม โกลดิง – tajski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิลเลียม โกลดิง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – turecki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D2%90%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%BD%D2%91" title="Вільям Ґолдінґ – ukraiński" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вільям Ґолдінґ" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85_%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF" title="ولیم گولڈینگ – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ولیم گولڈینگ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – wietnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="wietnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – waraj" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waraj" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E6%88%88%E5%B0%94%E4%B8%81" title="威廉·戈尔丁 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="威廉·戈尔丁" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – joruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="joruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%E9%AB%98%E6%B1%80" title="威廉高汀 – kantoński" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="威廉高汀" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="William Golding" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E6%88%88%E5%B0%94%E4%B8%81" title="威廉·戈尔丁 – chiński" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="威廉·戈尔丁" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q44183#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edytuj linki pomiędzy wersjami językowymi" class="wbc-editpage">Edytuj linki</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Przestrzenie nazw"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/William_Golding" title="Zobacz stronę treści [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artykuł</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Dyskusja:William_Golding" rel="discussion" title="Dyskusja o zawartości tej strony [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Dyskusja</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Zmień wariant języka" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">polski</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Widok"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&stable=1"><span>Czytaj</span></a></li><li id="ca-current" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&stable=0&redirect=no" title="Pokaż oczekujące zmiany dla tej strony [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Oczekuje na przejrzenie</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&oldid=74493667&veaction=edit" title="Edytuj tę stronę [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Edytuj</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="//pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&action=edit" title="Edycja kodu źródłowego strony [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edytuj kod źródłowy</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&action=history" title="Starsze wersje tej strony [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Wyświetl historię</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Narzędzia dla stron"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Narzędzia" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Narzędzia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Narzędzia</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Więcej opcji" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Działania </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&stable=1"><span>Czytaj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-current" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&stable=0&redirect=no"><span>Oczekuje na przejrzenie</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&oldid=74493667&veaction=edit" title="Edytuj tę stronę [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Edytuj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&action=edit" title="Edycja kodu źródłowego strony [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edytuj kod źródłowy</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&action=history"><span>Wyświetl historię</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ogólne </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Linkuj%C4%85ce/William_Golding" title="Pokaż listę wszystkich stron linkujących do tej strony [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Linkujące</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Zmiany_w_linkowanych/William_Golding" rel="nofollow" title="Ostatnie zmiany w stronach, do których ta strona linkuje [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Zmiany w linkowanych</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Prześlij_plik" title="Prześlij pliki [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Prześlij plik</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Strony_specjalne" title="Lista wszystkich stron specjalnych [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Strony specjalne</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&oldid=74493667" title="Stały link do tej wersji tej strony"><span>Link do tej wersji</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&action=info" title="Więcej informacji na temat tej strony"><span>Informacje o tej stronie</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Cytuj&page=William_Golding&id=74493667&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informacja o tym jak należy cytować tę stronę"><span>Cytowanie tego artykułu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Skr%C3%B3%C4%87_adres_URL&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWilliam_Golding"><span>Zobacz skrócony adres URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Kod_QR&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWilliam_Golding"><span>Pobierz kod QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Drukuj lub eksportuj </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCka&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=William+Golding"><span>Utwórz książkę</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&printable=yes" title="Wersja do wydruku [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Wersja do druku</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> W innych projektach </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:William_Golding" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikiquote.org/wiki/William_Golding" hreflang="pl"><span>Wikicytaty</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q44183" title="Link do powiązanego elementu w repozytorium danych [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidanych</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Narzędzia dla stron"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Wygląd"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Wygląd</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-indicator-fr-review-status" class="mw-indicator"><indicator name="fr-review-status" class="mw-fr-review-status-indicator" id="mw-fr-revision-toggle"><span class="cdx-fr-css-icon-review--status--stable"></span><b>Przejrzana</b></indicator></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Z Wikipedii, wolnej encyklopedii</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><div id="mw-fr-revision-messages"><div id="mw-fr-revision-details" class="mw-fr-revision-details-dialog" style="display:none;"><div tabindex="0"></div><div class="cdx-dialog cdx-dialog--horizontal-actions"><header class="cdx-dialog__header cdx-dialog__header--default"><div class="cdx-dialog__header__title-group"><h2 class="cdx-dialog__header__title">Status wersji strony</h2><p class="cdx-dialog__header__subtitle">To jest wersja przejrzana tej strony</p></div><button class="cdx-button cdx-button--action-default cdx-button--weight-quiet
							cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-dialog__header__close-button" aria-label="Zamknij" onclick="document.getElementById("mw-fr-revision-details").style.display = "none";" type="submit"><span class="cdx-icon cdx-icon--medium
							cdx-fr-css-icon--close"></span></button></header><div class="cdx-dialog__body">To jest najnowsza <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wersje_przejrzane" title="Wikipedia:Wersje przejrzane">wersja przejrzana</a>, która została <a class="external text" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Rejestr&type=review&page=Specjalna:Badtitle/Message">oznaczona</a> <i>6 sie 2024</i>. Od tego czasu wykonano <a class="external text" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Badtitle/Message&oldid=74493667&diff=cur">8 zmian</a>, które oczekują na przejrzenie.</div></div><div tabindex="0"></div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pl" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox"> <caption class="naglowek"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r65781301">.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;gap:4px}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex>.iboxt-ikona{flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0;font-size:7px;max-width:40px;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex>.iboxt-tekst{flex-grow:1}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-1{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-2{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-3{font-style:italic;font-size:90%}</style><div class="iboxt-1">William Golding</div> </caption> <tbody><tr class="grafika iboxs"> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plik:William_Golding_1983.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="William Golding (1983)"><img alt="Ilustracja" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/William_Golding_1983.jpg/178px-William_Golding_1983.jpg" decoding="async" width="178" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/William_Golding_1983.jpg/267px-William_Golding_1983.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/William_Golding_1983.jpg/356px-William_Golding_1983.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2558" data-file-height="3447" /></a></span><br />William Golding (1983) </td></tr> <tr> <th>Imię i nazwisko </th> <td> <p>William Gerald Golding </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Data i miejsce urodzenia </th> <td> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/19_wrze%C5%9Bnia" title="19 września">19 września</a> <a href="/wiki/1911" title="1911">1911</a></span> <br /><a href="/wiki/Newquay" title="Newquay">Newquay</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Data i miejsce śmierci </th> <td> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/19_czerwca" title="19 czerwca">19 czerwca</a> <a href="/wiki/1993" title="1993">1993</a></span> <br /><a href="/wiki/Perranarworthal" title="Perranarworthal">Perranarworthal</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Narodowość </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Kornwalijczycy" title="Kornwalijczycy">kornwalijska</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Język </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_angielski" title="Język angielski">angielski</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Alma_Mater" title="Alma Mater">Alma Mater</a> </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Uniwersytet_Oksfordzki" title="Uniwersytet Oksfordzki">University of Oxford</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Dziedzina sztuki </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Powie%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Powieść">powieść</a>, <a href="/wiki/Opowiadanie" title="Opowiadanie">opowiadanie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Esej" title="Esej">esej</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dramat" title="Dramat">dramat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poezja" title="Poezja">poezja</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#EAECF0; color:black; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #aaa;">Ważne dzieła </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adca_much" title="Władca much">Władca much</a></i></li> <li><i>Rytuały morza</i></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#EAECF0; color:black; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #aaa;">Odznaczenia </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Odznaka_Rycerza_Kawalera" title="Odznaka Rycerza Kawalera (Wielka Brytania)"><img alt="Odznaka Rycerza Kawalera (Wielka Brytania)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Knight_Bachelor_ribbon.svg/40px-Knight_Bachelor_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Knight_Bachelor_ribbon.svg/60px-Knight_Bachelor_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Knight_Bachelor_ribbon.svg/80px-Knight_Bachelor_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Order_Imperium_Brytyjskiego" title="Komandor Orderu Imperium Brytyjskiego od 1936 (cywilny)"><img alt="Komandor Orderu Imperium Brytyjskiego od 1936 (cywilny)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Order_BritEmp_%28civil%29_rib.PNG/40px-Order_BritEmp_%28civil%29_rib.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Order_BritEmp_%28civil%29_rib.PNG/60px-Order_BritEmp_%28civil%29_rib.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Order_BritEmp_%28civil%29_rib.PNG/80px-Order_BritEmp_%28civil%29_rib.PNG 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#EAECF0; color:black; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #aaa;">Nagrody </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nagroda_Nobla" title="Nagroda Nobla"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/30px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/45px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/60px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Laureaci_Nagrody_Nobla_w_dziedzinie_literatury" title="Laureaci Nagrody Nobla w dziedzinie literatury">Nagroda Nobla w dziedzinie literatury</a> </p> <ul><li><b>Nagroda Bookera:</b> 1980 <i>Rytuały morza</i></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr class="noprint plainlinks" style="border-top:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0;"> <table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%; margin:0px; background:var(--background-color-base, #fff); color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle; width:30px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:William_Golding" title="Commons"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/21px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/31px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/42px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:William_Golding" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:William Golding">Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr class="noprint plainlinks" style="border-top:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0;"> <table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%; margin:0px; background:var(--background-color-base, #fff); color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle; width:30px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://pl.wikiquote.org/wiki/William_Golding" title="Wikicytaty"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/24px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/47px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="https://pl.wikiquote.org/wiki/William_Golding" class="extiw" title="q:William Golding">Cytaty w Wikicytatach</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="naglowek" style="text-align:center; border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.william-golding.co.uk/">Strona internetowa</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Sir" title="Sir">Sir</a> <b>William Gerald Golding</b> (ur. <a href="/wiki/19_wrze%C5%9Bnia" title="19 września">19 września</a> <a href="/wiki/1911" title="1911">1911</a> w <a href="/wiki/Newquay" title="Newquay">Newquay</a>, zm. <a href="/wiki/19_czerwca" title="19 czerwca">19 czerwca</a> <a href="/wiki/1993" title="1993">1993</a> w <a href="/wiki/Perranarworthal" title="Perranarworthal">Perranarworthal</a>) – <a href="/wiki/Wielka_Brytania" title="Wielka Brytania">brytyjski</a> pisarz, poeta, laureat <a href="/wiki/Nagroda_Nobla" title="Nagroda Nobla">Nagrody Nobla</a> w 1983 i <a href="/wiki/The_Man_Booker_Prize_for_Fiction" title="The Man Booker Prize for Fiction">Nagrody Bookera</a> w 1980, najbardziej znany z powieści <i><a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adca_much" title="Władca much">Władca much</a></i>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wczesne_lata">Wczesne lata</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj sekcję: Wczesne lata" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&action=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Wczesne lata"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Urodził się w Newquay w <a href="/wiki/Kornwalia" title="Kornwalia">Kornwalii</a>. Dzieciństwo spędził w domu rodzinnym w <a href="/wiki/Marlborough_(Wielka_Brytania)" title="Marlborough (Wielka Brytania)">Malborough</a> w <a href="/wiki/Hrabstwo" title="Hrabstwo">hrabstwie</a> <a href="/wiki/Wiltshire" title="Wiltshire">Wiltshire</a>, gdzie jego ojciec był profesorem nauk ścisłych w lokalnej szkole. Do szkoły tej uczęszczał William i jego brat, Joseph. Jego matka prowadziła dom. W 1930 rozpoczął studia w <a href="/wiki/Uniwersytet_Oksfordzki" title="Uniwersytet Oksfordzki">Oxfordzie</a> na wydziale biologicznym, dwa lata później przeniósł się na anglistykę. Odbywał służbę wojskową, w trakcie której wziął czynny udział w <a href="/wiki/II_wojna_%C5%9Bwiatowa" title="II wojna światowa">II wojnie światowej</a>. W 1934 wydał w <a href="/wiki/Londyn" title="Londyn">Londynie</a> pierwszą książkę – <i>Wiersze</i>, dzięki pomocy przyjaciela z Oxfordu, Adama Bittlestona. W prywatnym dzienniku przyznał, że w wieku 18 lat próbował zgwałcić nastolatkę (z którą wcześniej brał lekcje gry na pianinie) podczas wakacji, najwyraźniej błędnie zinterpretowawszy to, co uznał za „chęć intensywnego seksu”. Golding był <a href="/wiki/Alkoholizm" title="Alkoholizm">uzależniony</a> od <a href="/wiki/Nap%C3%B3j_alkoholowy" title="Napój alkoholowy">alkoholu</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Życie_prywatne"><span id=".C5.BBycie_prywatne"></span>Życie prywatne</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj sekcję: Życie prywatne" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&action=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Życie prywatne"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>30 września 1939 ożenił się z Ann Brookfield, chemiczką analityczną. W 1940 urodził mu się syn, David, a w 1944 – córka, Judith. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wojna">Wojna</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Edytuj sekcję: Wojna" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&action=edit&section=3" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Wojna"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Podczas II wojny światowej Golding walczył w <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a>. Uczestniczył m.in. w <a href="/wiki/Operacja_przeciw_pancernikowi_Bismarck" title="Operacja przeciw pancernikowi Bismarck">pościgu za niemieckim pancernikiem Bismarck</a> oraz <a href="/wiki/L%C4%85dowanie_w_Normandii" title="Lądowanie w Normandii">operacji lądowania wojsk alianckich w Normandii</a>, podczas której dowodził okrętem. Po zakończeniu działań wojennych powrócił do nauczania oraz kontynuował karierę pisarską. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Osiągnięcia_pisarskie"><span id="Osi.C4.85gni.C4.99cia_pisarskie"></span>Osiągnięcia pisarskie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Edytuj sekcję: Osiągnięcia pisarskie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&action=edit&section=4" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Osiągnięcia pisarskie"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>We wrześniu 1953 wysłał manuskrypt swojej najnowszej książki, odrzuconej uprzednio przez co najmniej dziesięciu wydawców, do oficyny Faber & Faber. Początkowo i tym razem została odrzucona przez recenzenta, jednak nowy naczelny redaktor wydawnictwa, Charles Monteih, docenił jej wartość i we wrześniu 1954 ukazała się w księgarniach pt. <i>Władca much</i>. Sukces pisarski pozwolił Goldingowi na rezygnację w 1961 z pracy nauczyciela. Został wówczas pisarzem-rezydentem w amerykańskim Hollins College (zlokalizowanym niedaleko <a href="/wiki/Roanoke_(Wirginia)" title="Roanoke (Wirginia)">Roanoke</a> w <a href="/wiki/Wirginia" title="Wirginia">Wirginii</a>) i całkowicie poświęcił się pracy twórczej. </p><p>W 1980 został wyróżniony Nagrodą Bookera za najlepszą powieść, a w 1983 uzyskał nagrodę Nobla w dziedzinie literatury. Pięć lat później został pasowany przez królową na rycerza i uzyskał tytuł szlachecki. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ostatnie_lata">Ostatnie lata</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Edytuj sekcję: Ostatnie lata" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&action=edit&section=5" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Ostatnie lata"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Siedem lat przed śmiercią przeniósł się wraz z żoną do Perranarworthal w Kornwalli, gdzie zmarł na <a href="/wiki/Zawa%C5%82_mi%C4%99%C5%9Bnia_sercowego" title="Zawał mięśnia sercowego">zawał serca</a> 19 czerwca 1993. Jego ciało zostało spopielone, a prochy pochowane na cmentarzu we wsi <a href="/wiki/Bowerchalke" title="Bowerchalke">Bowerchalke</a> w <a href="/wiki/Anglia" title="Anglia">angielskim</a> Wiltshire. Po jego śmierci ukazała się niedokończona książka <i>Dwoisty język</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Różne"><span id="R.C3.B3.C5.BCne"></span>Różne</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Edytuj sekcję: Różne" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&action=edit&section=6" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Różne"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>William Golding był aktywną postacią pośród teoretyków <a href="/wiki/Potw%C3%B3r_z_Loch_Ness" title="Potwór z Loch Ness">potwora z Loch Ness</a> i napisał wiele artykułów poświęconych temu zagadnieniu. </p><p>Interesował się muzyką poważną, grał też w wolnym czasie na fortepianie. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Twórczość"><span id="Tw.C3.B3rczo.C5.9B.C4.87"></span>Twórczość</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Edytuj sekcję: Twórczość" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&action=edit&section=7" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Twórczość"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Poems</i> (1934)</li> <li><i>Lord of the Flies</i> (1954) – wyd. pol. <i><a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adca_much" title="Władca much">Władca much</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%B3%C5%82dzielnia_Wydawnicza_%E2%80%9ECzytelnik%E2%80%9D" title="Spółdzielnia Wydawnicza „Czytelnik”">Czytelnik</a> 1967</li> <li><i>The Inheritors</i> (1955) – wyd. pol. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spadkobiercy_(powie%C5%9B%C4%87_Williama_Goldinga)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spadkobiercy (powieść Williama Goldinga) (strona nie istnieje)">Spadkobiercy</a></i>, Czytelnik 1989</li> <li><i>Pincher Martin</i> (1956) – wyd. pol. <i>Chytrus</i>, <a href="/wiki/Dom_Wydawniczy_Rebis" title="Dom Wydawniczy Rebis">Rebis</a> 1995</li> <li><i>The Brass Butterfly</i> (1958)</li> <li><i>Free Fall</i> (1959) – wyd. pol. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Si%C5%82a_bezw%C5%82adu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siła bezwładu (strona nie istnieje)">Siła bezwładu</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Instytut_Wydawniczy_%E2%80%9EPax%E2%80%9D" title="Instytut Wydawniczy „Pax”">PAX</a> 1970</li> <li><i>The Spire</i> (1964) – wyd. pol. <i><a href="/wiki/Wie%C5%BCa_(powie%C5%9B%C4%87)" title="Wieża (powieść)">Wieża</a></i>, PAX 1966</li> <li><i>The Hot Gates</i> (1965)</li> <li><i>The Pyramid</i> (1967) – wyd. pol. <i>Piramida</i>, Atext 1995</li> <li><i>The Scorpion God</i> (1971) – wyd. pol. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%B3g_Skorpion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bóg Skorpion (strona nie istnieje)">Bóg Skorpion</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Wydawnictwo_Literackie" title="Wydawnictwo Literackie">Wydawnictwo Literackie</a> 1988</li> <li><i>Darkness Visible</i> (1979) – wyd. pol. <i><a href="/wiki/Widzialna_ciemno%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Widzialna ciemność">Widzialna ciemność</a></i>, Czytelnik 1986</li> <li><i>A Moving Target</i> (1982) – wyd. pol. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruchomy_cel_(powie%C5%9B%C4%87)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruchomy cel (powieść) (strona nie istnieje)">Ruchomy cel</a></i>, Rebis 1997</li> <li><i>The Paper Men</i> (1984) – wyd. pol. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papierowi_ludzie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Papierowi ludzie (strona nie istnieje)">Papierowi ludzie</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Wydawnictwo_Iskry" title="Wydawnictwo Iskry">Iskry</a> 1988</li> <li><i>An Egyptian Journal</i> (1985)</li> <li><i>To the Ends of the Earth</i> – trylogia morska <ul><li><i>Rites of Passage</i> (1980) – wyd. pol. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rytua%C5%82y_morza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rytuały morza (strona nie istnieje)">Rytuały morza</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Wydawnictwo_Amber" title="Wydawnictwo Amber">Amber</a> 1994</li> <li><i>Close Quarters</i> (1987) – wyd. pol. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twarz%C4%85_w_twarz_(powie%C5%9B%C4%87)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Twarzą w twarz (powieść) (strona nie istnieje)">Twarzą w twarz</a></i>, Amber 1995</li> <li><i>Fire Down Below</i> (1989) – wyd. pol. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piek%C5%82o_pod_pok%C5%82adem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piekło pod pokładem (strona nie istnieje)">Piekło pod pokładem</a></i>, Amber 1995</li></ul></li> <li><i>The double tongue</i> (1995) – wyd. pol. <i>Dwoisty język</i>, Rebis 1997</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ekranizacje">Ekranizacje</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Edytuj sekcję: Ekranizacje" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&action=edit&section=8" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Ekranizacje"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Władcę much</i> zekranizowano dwukrotnie: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adca_much_(film_1963)" title="Władca much (film 1963)">Władca much (film 1963)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adca_much_(film_1990)" title="Władca much (film 1990)">Władca much (film 1990)</a></li></ul> <p>Natomiast na podstawie trylogii <i>Na koniec świata</i> nakręcono trzyodcinkowy miniserial telewizyjny BBC (2005) z <a href="/wiki/Benedict_Cumberbatch" title="Benedict Cumberbatch">Benedictem Cumberbatchem</a> w roli głównej. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Przypisy">Przypisy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Edytuj sekcję: Przypisy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&action=edit&section=9" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Przypisy"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="do-not-make-smaller refsection"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal open-access c"><span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Martin</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Martin" style="display:none">M.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Wainwright</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Martin</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Martin">M.</span></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2009/aug/16/william-golding-attempted-rape"><i>Author William Golding tried to rape teenager, private papers show</i></a>, „<a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>”, 16 sierpnia 2009<span class="issn">, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a></span><span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2024-08-05]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=article&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.date=2009-08-16&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Author+William+Golding+tried+to+rape+teenager%2C+private+papers+show&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2009%2Faug%2F16%2Fwilliam-golding-attempted-rape" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span>.</cite><span class="problemy" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet=""> Brak numerów stron w czasopiśmie</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Linki_zewnętrzne"><span id="Linki_zewn.C4.99trzne"></span>Linki zewnętrzne</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Edytuj sekcję: Linki zewnętrzne" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Golding&action=edit&section=10" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Linki zewnętrzne"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1983/index.html">William Golding na stronie nagrody Nobla</a> – biografia, przemówienie, materiały edukacyjne <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aurora.icaap.org/index.php/aurora/article/view/50/63">Wywiad z pisarzem</a> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.guardian.co.uk/departments/generalfiction/story/0,,1793967,00.html">Ostatni wieczór W. Goldinga</a> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation web">Bruce Lambert: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/0919.html">William Golding Is Dead at 81; The Author of 'Lord of the Flies'</a>. nytimes.com, 1993-06-20. [dostęp 2014-06-20]. <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></li></ul> <div class="navbox do-not-make-smaller mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="pokaż" data-collapsetext="ukryj"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74983602">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);margin:auto;text-align:center;padding:3px;margin-top:1em;clear:both}.mw-parser-output table.navbox:not(.pionowy){width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{border-top:0;margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox.pionowy{width:250px;float:right;clear:right;margin:0 0 0.4em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .navbox.pionowy .before,.mw-parser-output .navbox.pionowy .after{padding:0.5em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>.caption,.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr>th{background:#ccf;text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .navbox 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.opis.a1,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .a1 .opis{background:#715f00}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .opis.a2,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .a2 .opis{background:#5f5f5f}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .opis.a3,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .a3 .opis{background:#764617}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>.caption,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr>th{background-color:#3a3c3e}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox .title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>.mw-collapsible-content>.above,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>.mw-collapsible-content>.below,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox .opis{background-color:#303234}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .opis.a1,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .a1 .opis{background:#715f00}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .opis.a2,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .a2 .opis{background:#5f5f5f}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .opis.a3,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .a3 .opis{background:#764617}}</style><ul class="tnavbar noprint plainlinks hlist"><li><a href="/wiki/Szablon:Nobel_Literatura" title="Szablon:Nobel Literatura"><span title="Pokaż ten szablon">p</span></a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dyskusja_szablonu:Nobel_Literatura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dyskusja szablonu:Nobel Literatura (strona nie istnieje)"><span title="Dyskusja na temat tego szablonu">d</span></a></li><li title="Możesz edytować ten szablon. Użyj przycisku podglądu przed zapisaniem zmian."><a class="external text" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Szablon:Nobel_Literatura&action=edit">e</a></li></ul><div class="navbox-title caption"><a href="/wiki/Laureaci_Nagrody_Nobla_w_dziedzinie_literatury" title="Laureaci Nagrody Nobla w dziedzinie literatury">Laureaci Nagrody Nobla w dziedzinie literatury</a></div><div class="mw-collapsible-content flex"><table class="navbox-main-content inner-standard"><tbody><tr class="a1"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row">XX wiek</th><td class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-odd"> <ul><li>1901: <a href="/wiki/Sully_Prudhomme" title="Sully Prudhomme">Prudhomme</a></li> <li>1902: <a href="/wiki/Theodor_Mommsen" title="Theodor Mommsen">Mommsen</a></li> <li>1903: <a href="/wiki/Bj%C3%B8rnstjerne_Bj%C3%B8rnson" title="Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson">Bjørnson</a></li> <li>1904: <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Mistral" title="Frédéric Mistral">F.Mistral</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Echegaray" title="José Echegaray">Echegaray</a></li> <li>1905: <a href="/wiki/Henryk_Sienkiewicz" title="Henryk Sienkiewicz">Sienkiewicz</a></li> <li>1906: <a href="/wiki/Giosu%C3%A8_Carducci" title="Giosuè Carducci">Carducci</a></li> <li>1907: <a href="/wiki/Rudyard_Kipling" title="Rudyard Kipling">Kipling</a></li> <li>1908: <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Eucken" title="Rudolf Eucken">Eucken</a></li> <li>1909: <a href="/wiki/Selma_Lagerl%C3%B6f" title="Selma Lagerlöf">Lagerlöf</a></li> <li>1910: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Heyse" title="Paul Heyse">Heyse</a></li> <li>1911: <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Maeterlinck" title="Maurice Maeterlinck">Maeterlinck</a></li> <li>1912: <a href="/wiki/Gerhart_Hauptmann" title="Gerhart Hauptmann">Hauptmann</a></li> <li>1913: <a href="/wiki/Rabindranath_Tagore" title="Rabindranath Tagore">Tagore</a></li> <li>1915: <a href="/wiki/Romain_Rolland" title="Romain Rolland">Rolland</a></li> <li>1916: <a href="/wiki/Verner_von_Heidenstam" title="Verner von Heidenstam">Heidenstam</a></li> <li>1917: <a href="/wiki/Karl_Gjellerup" title="Karl Gjellerup">Gjellerup</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henrik_Pontoppidan" title="Henrik Pontoppidan">Pontoppidan</a></li> <li>1919: <a href="/wiki/Carl_Spitteler" title="Carl Spitteler">Spitteler</a></li> <li>1920: <a href="/wiki/Knut_Hamsun" title="Knut Hamsun">Hamsun</a></li> <li>1921: <a href="/wiki/Anatole_France" title="Anatole France">France</a></li> <li>1922: <a href="/wiki/Jacinto_Benavente" title="Jacinto Benavente">Benavente</a></li> <li>1923: <a href="/wiki/William_Butler_Yeats" title="William Butler Yeats">Yeats</a></li> <li>1924: <a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_Reymont" title="Władysław Reymont">Reymont</a></li> <li>1925: <a href="/wiki/George_Bernard_Shaw" title="George Bernard Shaw">Shaw</a></li> <li>1926: <a href="/wiki/Grazia_Deledda" title="Grazia Deledda">Deledda</a></li> <li>1927: <a href="/wiki/Henri_Bergson" title="Henri Bergson">Bergson</a></li> <li>1928: <a href="/wiki/Sigrid_Undset" title="Sigrid Undset">Undset</a></li> <li>1929: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Mann" title="Thomas Mann">Mann</a></li> <li>1930: <a href="/wiki/Sinclair_Lewis" title="Sinclair Lewis">Lewis</a></li> <li>1931: <a href="/wiki/Erik_Axel_Karlfeldt" title="Erik Axel Karlfeldt">Karlfeldt</a></li> <li>1932: <a href="/wiki/John_Galsworthy" title="John Galsworthy">Galsworthy</a></li> <li>1933: <a href="/wiki/Iwan_Bunin" title="Iwan Bunin">Bunin</a></li> <li>1934: <a href="/wiki/Luigi_Pirandello" title="Luigi Pirandello">Pirandello</a></li> <li>1936: <a href="/wiki/Eugene_O%E2%80%99Neill" title="Eugene O’Neill">O’Neill</a></li> <li>1937: <a href="/wiki/Roger_Martin_du_Gard" title="Roger Martin du Gard">Gard</a></li> <li>1938: <a href="/wiki/Pearl_S._Buck" title="Pearl S. Buck">Buck</a></li> <li>1939: <a href="/wiki/Frans_Eemil_Sillanp%C3%A4%C3%A4" title="Frans Eemil Sillanpää">Sillanpää</a></li> <li>1944: <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Jensen" title="Johannes Jensen">Jensen</a></li> <li>1945: <a href="/wiki/Gabriela_Mistral" title="Gabriela Mistral">G.Mistral</a></li> <li>1946: <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Hesse" title="Hermann Hesse">Hesse</a></li> <li>1947: <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Gide" title="André Gide">Gide</a></li> <li>1948: <a href="/wiki/T.S._Eliot" title="T.S. Eliot">Eliot</a></li> <li>1949: <a href="/wiki/William_Faulkner" title="William Faulkner">Faulkner</a></li> <li>1950: <a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Russell" title="Bertrand Russell">Russell</a></li> <li>1951: <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A4r_Lagerkvist" title="Pär Lagerkvist">Lagerkvist</a></li> <li>1952: <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mauriac" title="François Mauriac">Mauriac</a></li> <li>1953: <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Churchill</a></li> <li>1954: <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway" title="Ernest Hemingway">Hemingway</a></li> <li>1955: <a href="/wiki/Halld%C3%B3r_Kiljan_Laxness" title="Halldór Kiljan Laxness">Laxness</a></li> <li>1956: <a href="/wiki/Juan_Ram%C3%B3n_Jim%C3%A9nez" title="Juan Ramón Jiménez">Jiménez</a></li> <li>1957: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Camus" title="Albert Camus">Camus</a></li> <li>1958: <a href="/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak">Pasternak</a></li> <li>1959: <a href="/wiki/Salvatore_Quasimodo" title="Salvatore Quasimodo">Quasimodo</a></li> <li>1960: <a href="/wiki/Saint-John_Perse" title="Saint-John Perse">Perse</a></li> <li>1961: <a href="/wiki/Ivo_Andri%C4%87" title="Ivo Andrić">Andrić</a></li> <li>1962: <a href="/wiki/John_Steinbeck" title="John Steinbeck">Steinbeck</a></li> <li>1963: <a href="/wiki/Jorgos_Seferis" title="Jorgos Seferis">Seferis</a></li> <li>1964: <a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Sartre" title="Jean-Paul Sartre">Sartre</a></li> <li>1965: <a href="/wiki/Michai%C5%82_Szo%C5%82ochow" title="Michaił Szołochow">Szołochow</a></li> <li>1966: <a href="/wiki/Szmuel_Josef_Agnon" title="Szmuel Josef Agnon">Agnon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nelly_Sachs" title="Nelly Sachs">Sachs</a></li> <li>1967: <a href="/wiki/Miguel_%C3%81ngel_Asturias" title="Miguel Ángel Asturias">Asturias</a></li> <li>1968: <a href="/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata">Kawabata</a></li> <li>1969: <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Beckett" title="Samuel Beckett">Beckett</a></li> <li>1970: <a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_So%C5%82%C5%BCenicyn" title="Aleksandr Sołżenicyn">Sołżenicyn</a></li> <li>1971: <a href="/wiki/Pablo_Neruda" title="Pablo Neruda">Neruda</a></li> <li>1972: <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_B%C3%B6ll" title="Heinrich Böll">Böll</a></li> <li>1973: <a href="/wiki/Patrick_White" title="Patrick White">White</a></li> <li>1974: <a href="/wiki/Eyvind_Johnson" title="Eyvind Johnson">Johnson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harry_Martinson" title="Harry Martinson">Martinson</a></li> <li>1975: <a href="/wiki/Eugenio_Montale" title="Eugenio Montale">Montale</a></li> <li>1976: <a href="/wiki/Saul_Bellow" title="Saul Bellow">Bellow</a></li> <li>1977: <a href="/wiki/Vicente_Aleixandre" title="Vicente Aleixandre">Aleixandre</a></li> <li>1978: <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Bashevis_Singer" title="Isaac Bashevis Singer">Singer</a></li> <li>1979: <a href="/wiki/Odiseas_Elitis" title="Odiseas Elitis">Elitis</a></li> <li>1980: <a href="/wiki/Czes%C5%82aw_Mi%C5%82osz" title="Czesław Miłosz">Miłosz</a></li> <li>1981: <a href="/wiki/Elias_Canetti" title="Elias Canetti">Canetti</a></li> <li>1982: <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Garc%C3%ADa_M%C3%A1rquez" title="Gabriel García Márquez">García Márquez</a></li> <li>1983: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Golding</a></li> <li>1984: <a href="/wiki/Jaroslav_Seifert" title="Jaroslav Seifert">Seifert</a></li> <li>1985: <a href="/wiki/Claude_Simon" title="Claude Simon">Simon</a></li> <li>1986: <a href="/wiki/Wole_Soyinka" title="Wole Soyinka">Soyinka</a></li> <li>1987: <a href="/wiki/Iosif_Brodski" title="Iosif Brodski">Brodski</a></li> <li>1988: <a href="/wiki/Nad%C5%BCib_Mahfuz" title="Nadżib Mahfuz">Mahfuz</a></li> <li>1989: <a href="/wiki/Camilo_Jos%C3%A9_Cela" title="Camilo José Cela">Cela</a></li> <li>1990: <a href="/wiki/Octavio_Paz" title="Octavio Paz">Paz</a></li> <li>1991: <a href="/wiki/Nadine_Gordimer" title="Nadine Gordimer">Gordimer</a></li> <li>1992: <a href="/wiki/Derek_Walcott" title="Derek Walcott">Walcott</a></li> <li>1993: <a href="/wiki/Toni_Morrison" title="Toni Morrison">Morrison</a></li> <li>1994: <a href="/wiki/Kenzabur%C5%8D_%C5%8Ce" title="Kenzaburō Ōe">Oe</a></li> <li>1995: <a href="/wiki/Seamus_Heaney" title="Seamus Heaney">Heaney</a></li> <li>1996: <a href="/wiki/Wis%C5%82awa_Szymborska" title="Wisława Szymborska">Szymborska</a></li> <li>1997: <a href="/wiki/Dario_Fo" title="Dario Fo">Fo</a></li> <li>1998: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Saramago" title="José Saramago">Saramago</a></li> <li>1999: <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Grass" title="Günter Grass">Grass</a></li> <li>2000: <a href="/wiki/Gao_Xingjian" title="Gao Xingjian">Gao</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr class="a2"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row">XXI wiek</th><td class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-even"> <ul><li>2001: <a href="/wiki/V.S._Naipaul" title="V.S. Naipaul">Naipaul</a></li> <li>2002: <a href="/wiki/Imre_Kert%C3%A9sz" title="Imre Kertész">Kertész</a></li> <li>2003: <a href="/wiki/John_Maxwell_Coetzee" title="John Maxwell Coetzee">Coetzee</a></li> <li>2004: <a href="/wiki/Elfriede_Jelinek" title="Elfriede Jelinek">Jelinek</a></li> <li>2005: <a href="/wiki/Harold_Pinter" title="Harold Pinter">Pinter</a></li> <li>2006: <a href="/wiki/Orhan_Pamuk" title="Orhan Pamuk">Pamuk</a></li> <li>2007: <a href="/wiki/Doris_Lessing" title="Doris Lessing">Lessing</a></li> <li>2008: <a href="/wiki/Jean-Marie_Gustave_Le_Cl%C3%A9zio" title="Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio">Le Clézio</a></li> <li>2009: <a href="/wiki/Herta_M%C3%BCller" title="Herta Müller">Müller</a></li> <li>2010: <a href="/wiki/Mario_Vargas_Llosa" title="Mario Vargas Llosa">Vargas Llosa</a></li> <li>2011: <a href="/wiki/Tomas_Transtr%C3%B6mer" title="Tomas Tranströmer">Tranströmer</a></li> <li>2012: <a href="/wiki/Mo_Yan" title="Mo Yan">Mo</a></li> <li>2013: <a href="/wiki/Alice_Munro" title="Alice Munro">Munro</a></li> <li>2014: <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Modiano" title="Patrick Modiano">Modiano</a></li> <li>2015: <a href="/wiki/Swiat%C5%82ana_Aleksijewicz" title="Swiatłana Aleksijewicz">Aleksijewicz</a></li> <li>2016: <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Dylan</a></li> <li>2017: <a href="/wiki/Kazuo_Ishiguro" title="Kazuo Ishiguro">Ishiguro</a></li> <li>2018: <a href="/wiki/Olga_Tokarczuk" title="Olga Tokarczuk">Tokarczuk</a></li> <li>2019: <a href="/wiki/Peter_Handke" title="Peter Handke">Handke</a></li> <li>2020: <a href="/wiki/Louise_Gl%C3%BCck" title="Louise Glück">Glück</a></li> <li>2021: <a href="/wiki/Abdulrazak_Gurnah" title="Abdulrazak Gurnah">Gurnah</a></li> <li>2022: <a href="/wiki/Annie_Ernaux" title="Annie Ernaux">Ernaux</a></li> <li>2023: <a href="/wiki/Jon_Fosse" title="Jon Fosse">Fosse</a></li> <li>2024: <a href="/wiki/Han_Kang" title="Han Kang">Han</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table><div class="navbox-after after"> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plik:NobelP2.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Nobel"><img alt="Nobel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/NobelP2.png/80px-NobelP2.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/NobelP2.png/120px-NobelP2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/NobelP2.png/160px-NobelP2.png 2x" data-file-width="539" data-file-height="542" /></a></span> </p> </div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74016753">.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div+div{margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div>div{background:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);padding:.2em .5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul li:first-child{padding-left:.5em;border-left:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1)}</style> <div id="normdaten" class="catlinks"><div class="normdaten-typ-p"><div><a href="/wiki/Kontrola_autorytatywna" title="Kontrola autorytatywna">Kontrola autorytatywna</a> (<span class="description">osoba</span>):</div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">ISNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121430171">0000000121430171</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viaf.org/viaf/89500102">89500102</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lccn.loc.gov/n79075193">n79075193</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/118696165">118696165</a></span></li><li><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_NDL_Authorities" class="extiw" title="de:Web NDL Authorities">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00441165">00441165</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/LIBRIS" title="LIBRIS">LIBRIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/katalogisering/0xbdgfrj5d0nn26">0xbdgfrj5d0nn26</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale" title="Bibliothèque nationale">BnF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119053137">119053137</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_Universitaire_de_Documentation" title="Système Universitaire de Documentation">SUDOC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idref.fr/02689601X">02689601X</a></span></li><li><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servizio_bibliotecario_nazionale" class="extiw" title="it:Servizio bibliotecario nazionale">SBN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.sbn.it/af/CFIV035830">CFIV035830</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteka_Narodowa_Australii" title="Biblioteka Narodowa Australii">NLA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35280671">35280671</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteka_Narodowa_Republiki_Czeskiej" title="Biblioteka Narodowa Republiki Czeskiej">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aut.nkp.cz/jn19990002751">jn19990002751</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Hiszpa%C5%84ska_Biblioteka_Narodowa" title="Hiszpańska Biblioteka Narodowa">BNE</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1158391">XX1158391</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Holenderska_Biblioteka_Narodowa" title="Holenderska Biblioteka Narodowa">NTA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/doc/thes/p068478917">068478917</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/BIBSYS" title="BIBSYS">BIBSYS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90079780">90079780</a></span></li><li><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/CiNii" class="extiw" title="jp:CiNii">CiNii</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA00332350">DA00332350</a></span></li><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Library" class="extiw" title="en:Open Library">Open Library</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL335424A">OL335424A</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteka_Narodowa_(Warszawa)" title="Biblioteka Narodowa (Warszawa)">PLWABN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810668046805606">9810668046805606</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/NUKAT" title="NUKAT">NUKAT</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nukat.edu.pl/aut/n%20%2093120641">n93120641</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">OBIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/52079">52079</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteka_Narodowa_Izraela" title="Biblioteka Narodowa Izraela">J9U</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007306176305171">987007306176305171</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteka_Narodowa_Portugalii" title="Biblioteka Narodowa Portugalii">PTBNP</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://urn.bn.pt/nca/unimarc-authorities/txt?id=1189594">1189594</a></span>, <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://urn.bn.pt/nca/unimarc-authorities/txt?id=34112">34112</a></span></li><li><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cat%C3%A0leg_d%27autoritats_de_noms_i_t%C3%ADtols_de_Catalunya" class="extiw" title="ca:Catàleg d'autoritats de noms i títols de Catalunya">CANTIC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cantic.bnc.cat/registres/CUCId/a11416312">a11416312</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteka_Narodowa_%C5%81otwy" title="Biblioteka Narodowa Łotwy">LNB</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000017351&P_CON_LNG=ENG">000017351</a></span></li><li><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacionalna_i_sveu%C4%8Dili%C5%A1na_knji%C5%BEnica_u_Zagrebu" class="extiw" title="hr:Nacionalna i sveučilišna knjižnica u Zagrebu">NSK</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000014288&local_base=nsk10">000014288</a></span></li><li><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/CONOR" class="extiw" title="sl:CONOR">CONOR</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plus.cobiss.si/opac7/conor/6218083">6218083</a></span></li><li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Chile" class="extiw" title="es:Biblioteca Nacional de Chile">BNC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000036035">000036035</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Grecka_Biblioteka_Narodowa" title="Grecka Biblioteka Narodowa">ΕΒΕ</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.nlg.gr/resource/authority/record60995">60995</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Brazylijska_Biblioteka_Narodowa" title="Brazylijska Biblioteka Narodowa">BLBNB</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://acervo.bn.br/sophia_web/autoridade/detalhe/000218322">000218322</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteka_Narodowa_Korei" title="Biblioteka Narodowa Korei">KRNLK</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librarian.nl.go.kr/LI/contents/L20101000000.do?id=KAC199610323">KAC199610323</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Litewska_Biblioteka_Narodowa_im._Martynasa_Ma%C5%BEvydasa" title="Litewska Biblioteka Narodowa im. Martynasa Mažvydasa">LIH</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lnb.libis.lt/simpleSearch.do?doSearch=1&AI001=LNB%3AV%2A291088%3B%3DBO">LNB:V*291088;=BO</a></span></li></ul></div><div class="normdaten-andere"><div><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_internetowa" title="Encyklopedia internetowa">Encyklopedie internetowe</a>:</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_PWN_(internetowa)" title="Encyklopedia PWN (internetowa)">PWN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/;3906438.html">3906438</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_Britannica" title="Encyklopedia Britannica">Britannica</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/William-Golding">biography/William-Golding</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Treccani" title="Enciclopedia Treccani">Treccani</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/william-golding">william-golding</a></span></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P3219" class="extiw" title="d:Property:P3219">Universalis</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/william-golding/">william-golding</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wielka_Encyklopedia_Rosyjska" title="Wielka Encyklopedia Rosyjska">БРЭ</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://old.bigenc.ru/text/2366490">2366490</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalencyklopedin" title="Nationalencyklopedin">NE.se</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/lång/william-golding">william-golding</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Store_norske_leksikon" title="Store norske leksikon">SNL</a>: <span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=4342&url_prefix=https://snl.no/&id=William_Golding">William_Golding</a></span></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P1296" class="extiw" title="d:Property:P1296">Catalana</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/ec-gec-0030358.xml">0030358</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Den_Store_Danske_Encyklop%C3%A6di" title="Den Store Danske Encyklopædi">DSDE</a>: <span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8313&url_prefix=https://lex.dk/&id=William_Golding">William_Golding</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hrvatska_enciklopedija" title="Hrvatska enciklopedija">Hrvatska enciklopedija</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciklopedija.hr/Natuknica.aspx?ID=22530">22530</a></span></li></ul> </div></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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