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מחזור מטוני – ויקיפדיה

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class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p><b>מחזור מטוני</b> הוא מחזור של תשע-עשרה <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="שנה טרופית">שנות חמה</a>, המשמש בסיס לקביעת ה<a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="שנה מעוברת">שנים המעוברות</a> <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%97_%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%97%D7%99-%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="לוח ירחי-שמשי">בלוחות שנה ירחיים־שמשיים</a>, זאת לצורך התאמת הלוח, המבוסס על חודשי ירח, לשנת החמה. כאשר מחזור של תשע-עשרה שנים מכיל שתים עשרה שנים בנות שנים עשר חודשי ירח ושבע שנים בנות שלושה-עשר חודשי ירח, היינו שנים מעוברות. ביסוד המחזור עומדת תגליתו של ה<a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%9D?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="אסטרונום">אסטרונום</a> וה<a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%AA%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="מתמטיקאי">מתמטיקאי</a> ה<a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%99%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9D?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="יוונים">יווני</a> <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9F?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="מטון">מטון</a> מ<a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%90%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%94?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="אתונה">אתונה</a>, שאורכן של תשע-עשרה שנות חמה שווה בקירוב טוב לאורכם של מאתיים שלושים וחמישה חודשי ירח<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A5:Heliocentric.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Heliocentric.jpg/200px-Heliocentric.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Heliocentric.jpg/300px-Heliocentric.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Heliocentric.jpg/400px-Heliocentric.jpg 2x" data-file-width="570" data-file-height="480"></a> <figcaption> מערכת שמש הליוצנטרית </figcaption> </figure> <p>מטון גילה<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> את המחזור בשנת 432 לפני הספירה והוא שולב בחישוב הלוח היווני באופן שהשנים השלישית, השישית, השמינית, האחת עשרה, הארבע עשרה, השבע עשרה, והתשע עשרה בכל מחזור היו מעוברות. לפני כן היה שימוש במחזור, מדויק פחות, של שמונה שנים, כאשר בכל מחזור היו שלוש שנים מעוברות.</p> <p>המחזור המטוני משמש כבסיס לחישוב מספר <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%97_%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="לוח שנה">לוחות שנה</a>. הוא היה בשימוש ב<a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%97_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="הלוח הבבלי">לוח הבבלי</a>, ומשמש להסדרת <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="שנה מעוברת">השנה המעוברת</a> של <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%97_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="הלוח העברי">הלוח העברי</a> וכן לחישוב חג ה<a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A1%D7%97%D7%90?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="פסחא">פסחא</a>.</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="he" dir="rtl"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">תוכן עניינים</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D7%94%D7%91%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%A1_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%AA%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%99"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">הבסיס המתמטי</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%94_%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%AA"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">לקריאה נוספת</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">קישורים חיצוניים</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">הערות שוליים</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="הבסיס_המתמטי"><span id=".D7.94.D7.91.D7.A1.D7.99.D7.A1_.D7.94.D7.9E.D7.AA.D7.9E.D7.98.D7.99"></span>הבסיס המתמטי</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="עריכת פסקה: &quot;הבסיס המתמטי&quot;" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>עריכה</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>בתקופתו של מטון היה מקובל שאורך שנת חמה הוא 365.25 ימים, כלומר 19 שנים הם בני 6,939 ימים ו-18 שעות.</p> <p>אורך ממוצע של חודש ירחי היה ידוע בדיוק גבוה יחסית ונחשב ל-29 ימים, 12 שעות, 44 דקות ושלוש שניות ושליש, כלומר 235 חודשים הם 6,939 ימים, 16 שעות ו-33 דקות. זאת אומרת ש-235 חודשי ירח שווים בקירוב ל-19 שנות חמה, כאשר השגיאה עומדת על שעה ו-27 דקות שהמחזור קצר מ-19 שנות חמה. כיום ידוע ששנת החמה קצרה ב-11 דקות ו-14 שניות מ-365.25 ימים, כלומר 19 שנים הן בנות 6,939 ימים, 14 שעות, 26 דקות ו-27 שניות, כך שהשגיאה בפועל היא לכיוון השני וגדולה יותר, דהיינו המחזור ארוך מ-19 שנות חמה בשעתיים ו-6 דקות.</p> <p>באופן מעשי שנת חמה וחודשי ירח מורכבים מימים שלמים, כך שמחזור יכול להיות 6,940 ימים או 6,939 ימים. כדי להגיע למחזור של 6,940 יש צורך ש-235 החודשים במחזור יהיו מורכבים מ-125 חודשים מלאים בני 30 יום ו-110 חודשים חסרים בני 29 יום. מתוך הנחה שבשנה רגילה מחצית מהחודשים הם בני 29 יום ומחצית בני 30 יום, אזי 7 חודשי העיבור צריכים להיות בני 30 יום, ועוד 4 חודשים במחזור של 19 שנה צריכים לקבל יום נוסף ולהפוך לחודשים של 30 יום.</p> <p>ב<a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%97_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="הלוח העברי">לוח העברי</a>, התאמה זו מתבצעת באמצעות הוספת יום לחודש <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%97%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9F?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="חשוון">חשוון</a>, שברוב השנים הוא בן 29 יום. בשל הכלל ההלכתי <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%90_%D7%90%D7%93%22%D7%95_%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="לא אד&quot;ו ראש">לא אד"ו ראש</a>, מוסיפים יום ביותר מארבע שנים בכל מחזור וכנגדן גורעים יום מחודש <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="כסלו">כסלו</a> באחת השנים הבאות. התוצאה היא שאורך של 19 שנים עבריות נע בין 6,938 יום<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ל-6,942 יום<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> וב-13 מחזורים (247 שנים) יש כמעט תמיד 90,216 יום<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. ב<a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%97_%D7%94%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="הלוח הגרגוריאני">לוח הגרגוריאני</a>, 247 שנים נמשכות בין 90,213 ל-90,216 יום<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="לקריאה_נוספת"><span id=".D7.9C.D7.A7.D7.A8.D7.99.D7.90.D7.94_.D7.A0.D7.95.D7.A1.D7.A4.D7.AA"></span>לקריאה נוספת</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="עריכת פסקה: &quot;לקריאה נוספת&quot;" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>עריכה</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <ul> <li><b><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://archive.org/details/calendaritshisto00philuoft/page/6/mode/2up" class="extiw" title="iarchive:calendaritshisto00philuoft/page/6/mode/2up">The calendar; its history, structure and improvement</a></b> by Alexander Philip, Cambridge University Press,1921</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="קישורים_חיצוניים"><span id=".D7.A7.D7.99.D7.A9.D7.95.D7.A8.D7.99.D7.9D_.D7.97.D7.99.D7.A6.D7.95.D7.A0.D7.99.D7.99.D7.9D"></span>קישורים חיצוניים</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="עריכת פסקה: &quot;קישורים חיצוניים&quot;" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>עריכה</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <div class="sisterwikilinkT"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/" title="ויקישיתוף"> <noscript> <img alt="ויקישיתוף" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 15px;height: 20px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="ויקישיתוף" data-width="15" data-height="20" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">&nbsp;</span></a></span> מדיה וקבצים בנושא <b><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Metonic_cycle" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Metonic cycle">מחזור מטוני</a></b> ב<a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%A3?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ויקישיתוף">וויקישיתוף</a> </div> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://www.britannica.com/science/Metonic-cycle">מחזור מטוני</a>, באתר <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%93%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%98%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="אנציקלופדיה בריטניקה">אנציקלופדיה בריטניקה</a> <span dir="rtl" class="languageicon">(באנגלית)</span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36549940">.mw-parser-output .languageicon{font-size:0.95em;font-weight:bold;color:#555}</style></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="הערות_שוליים"><span id=".D7.94.D7.A2.D7.A8.D7.95.D7.AA_.D7.A9.D7.95.D7.9C.D7.99.D7.99.D7.9D"></span>הערות שוליים</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="עריכת פסקה: &quot;הערות שוליים&quot;" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>עריכה</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <div class="reflist references-small"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text">12x12)+(7x13)=235)</span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text">אין ודאות שאכן מטון גילה זאת. ידוע שבסין הרעיון היה מוכר מוקדם יותר וייתכן שבדרך כל שהיא הוא הגיע לידיעתו של מטון.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text">מקרה נדיר שמתרחש בכ-1.63% מהמקרים, יכול לקרות רק כשהשנה הראשונה מעוברת. היה בשנים <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%94%27%D7%AA%D7%A9%D7%99%22%D7%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ה'תשי&quot;ט">ה'תשי"ט</a>-<a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%94%27%D7%AA%D7%A9%D7%9C%22%D7%97?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ה'תשל&quot;ח">ה'תשל"ח</a> ויהיה בשנים <a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%94%27%D7%AA%D7%A9%22%D7%A5?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ה'תש&quot;ץ">ה'תש"ץ</a>-<a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%94%27%D7%AA%D7%AA%22%D7%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ה'תת&quot;ט">ה'תת"ט</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text">מחזור 19 שנים עבריות בן 6,942 ימים הוא נדיר מאוד, כחצי אחוז מכלל המקרים. אם מתייחסים למחזורים לפי תחילת המחזורים, הרי שעד היום היו רק שני מחזורים כאלו - המחזור ה154 (ימי דוד המלך), והמחזור ה167 (ימי חורבן בית ראשון), כשלמעשה באותם ימים עיבור השנים וקידוש החודשים היה מסור בידי הסנהדרין ולא על פי הלוח הקבוע כך שאין דרך לדעת האם באמת שנים אלו היו בני 6,942 שנים. המחזור הבא בעל מספר ימים זה יהיה בעוד כאלף שנים, המחזור ה357 - שמתחיל בשנת ו'תשס"ה. אם מסתכלים על מחזורי שנים לא לפי תחילת המחזור הקבוע, מחזור בן 6,942 ימים הוא עדיין נדיר מאוד אך קורה לדוגמה בין השנים תש"ע-תשפ"ט. מחזור כזה מתרחש כאשר השנה הראשונה היא פשוטה, והמולד בה הוא ביום שבת, מט"ז תרפ"ט ועד שעה י"ח (חצות יום השבת) - במצב כזה ראש אותה שנה חל בשבת, ולאחר 19 שנים מולד הלוח יהיה ביום שלישי, אחרי ט' ר"ד (דחיית גטר"ד) וראש השנה יידחה ליום חמישי, כך שסך הימים במחזור זה של 19 שנה יהיה 6,942 ימים.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text">בכמעט אחוז וחצי מהמקרים יש 90,214 ובכמעט חצי אחוז מהמקרים יש 90,215</span></li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://he-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-6">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text">215 הכי נפוץ - 53.5%, אחר כך 214 - 24.25%, אחר כך 216 - 19.5%, הכי נדיר 213 - 2.75%.</span></li> </ol> </div> </div><!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f69cdc8f6‐gxqwf Cached time: 20241123220431 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.112 seconds Real time usage: 0.258 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 320/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 1942/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 106/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 4097/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.039/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1488589/52428800 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href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AF%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25D9%2587_%25D9%2585%25D8%25AA%25D9%2588%25D9%2586%25DB%258C" title="دوره متونی – פרסית" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دوره متونی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="פרסית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metonin_jakso" title="Metonin jakso – פינית" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Metonin jakso" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="פינית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cycle_m%25C3%25A9tonique" title="Cycle métonique – צרפתית" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cycle métonique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="צרפתית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciclo_met%25C3%25B3nico" title="Ciclo metónico – גליסית" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ciclo metónico" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="גליסית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Met%25C3%25B3n-ciklus" title="Metón-ciklus – הונגרית" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Metón-ciklus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="הונגרית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D5%2584%25D5%25A5%25D5%25BF%25D5%25B8%25D5%25B6%25D5%25AB_%25D6%2581%25D5%25AB%25D5%25AF%25D5%25AC" title="Մետոնի ցիկլ – ארמנית" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մետոնի ցիկլ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ארמנית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siklus_metonik" title="Siklus metonik – אינדונזית" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Siklus metonik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="אינדונזית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okirikiri_Metonic" title="Okirikiri Metonic – איגבו" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Okirikiri Metonic" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="איגבו" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciclo_metonico" title="Ciclo metonico – איטלקית" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ciclo metonico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="איטלקית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E3%2583%25A1%25E3%2583%2588%25E3%2583%25B3%25E5%2591%25A8%25E6%259C%259F" title="メトン周期 – יפנית" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="メトン周期" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="יפנית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%259B%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%25A2%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%25A1_%25E1%2583%25AA%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2599%25E1%2583%259A%25E1%2583%2598" title="მეტონის ციკლი – גאורגית" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მეტონის ციკლი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="גאורגית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EB%25A9%2594%25ED%2586%25A4_%25EC%25A3%25BC%25EA%25B8%25B0" title="메톤 주기 – קוריאנית" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="메톤 주기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="קוריאנית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsingerin%2527_i_Met%25C3%25B4na" title="Tsingerin' i Metôna – מלגשית" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Tsingerin' i Metôna" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="מלגשית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclus_van_Meton" title="Cyclus van Meton – הולנדית" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Cyclus van Meton" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="הולנדית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meton-syklus" title="Meton-syklus – נורווגית חדשה" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Meton-syklus" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="נורווגית חדשה" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meton-syklus" title="Meton-syklus – נורווגית ספרותית" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Meton-syklus" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="נורווגית ספרותית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cykl_Metona" title="Cykl Metona – פולנית" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Cykl Metona" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="פולנית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciclo_met%25C3%25B3nico" title="Ciclo metónico – פורטוגזית" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ciclo metónico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="פורטוגזית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B5%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2_%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BB" title="Метонов цикл – רוסית" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Метонов цикл" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="רוסית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metonski_ciklus" title="Metonski ciklus – סרבו-קרואטית" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Metonski ciklus" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="סרבו-קרואטית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metonic_cycle" title="Metonic cycle – אנגלית פשוטה" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Metonic cycle" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="אנגלית פשוטה" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Met%25C3%25B3nov_cyklus" title="Metónov cyklus – סלובקית" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Metónov cyklus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="סלובקית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalendari_i_Metonit" title="Kalendari i Metonit – אלבנית" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kalendari i Metonit" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="אלבנית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metons_cykel" title="Metons cykel – שוודית" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Metons cykel" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="שוודית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%25A7%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B8%258F%25E0%25B8%2588%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B8%2581%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%25A1%25E0%25B8%2595%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%2599" title="วัฏจักรเมตอน – תאית" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วัฏจักรเมตอน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="תאית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meton_d%25C3%25B6ng%25C3%25BCs%25C3%25BC" title="Meton döngüsü – טורקית" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Meton döngüsü" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="טורקית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B5%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D1%2596%25D0%25B2_%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BB" title="Метонів цикл – אוקראינית" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Метонів цикл" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="אוקראינית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chu_k%25E1%25BB%25B3_Meton" title="Chu kỳ Meton – וייטנאמית" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chu kỳ Meton" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="וייטנאמית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E9%25BB%2598%25E5%2586%25AC%25E7%25AB%25A0" title="默冬章 – סינית" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="默冬章" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="סינית" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img 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