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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-GB"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> <title>Research | Prof. Mark Tame</title> <link rel="profile" href="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11" /> <link rel="pingback" href="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/xmlrpc.php" />  <meta name='robots' content='max-image-preview:large' />  <script id="wpcom_remote_login_js"> var wpcom_remote_login_extra_auth = ''; function wpcom_remote_login_remove_dom_node_id( element_id ) { var dom_node = document.getElementById( element_id ); if ( dom_node ) { dom_node.parentNode.removeChild( dom_node ); } } function wpcom_remote_login_remove_dom_node_classes( class_name ) { var dom_nodes = document.querySelectorAll( '.' + class_name ); for ( var i = 0; i < dom_nodes.length; i++ ) { dom_nodes[ i ].parentNode.removeChild( dom_nodes[ i ] ); } } function wpcom_remote_login_final_cleanup() { wpcom_remote_login_remove_dom_node_classes( "wpcom_remote_login_msg" ); wpcom_remote_login_remove_dom_node_id( "wpcom_remote_login_key" ); 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class="site-logo-link" rel="home" itemprop="url"></a> <h1 class="site-title"><a href="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/" title="Prof. Mark Tame" rel="home">Prof. Mark Tame</a></h1> <h2 class="site-description">Professor in Photonics</h2> </hgroup> <nav role="navigation" class="site-navigation main-navigation"> <h1 class="assistive-text">Menu</h1> <div class="assistive-text skip-link"><a href="#content" title="Skip to content">Skip to content</a></div> <div class="menu-menu-main-container"><ul id="menu-menu-main" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-883" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home menu-item-883"><a href="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/">Home</a></li> <li id="menu-item-880" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-880"><a href="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/bio/">Bio</a></li> <li id="menu-item-885" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-885"><a 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plasmonics</h3> <p><a href="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/018d5-plasmon.png"><img data-attachment-id="123" data-permalink="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/home-5/plasmon/#main" data-orig-file="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/018d5-plasmon.png" data-orig-size="197,169" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="plasmon" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/018d5-plasmon.png?w=197" data-large-file="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/018d5-plasmon.png?w=197" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-123" src="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/018d5-plasmon.png?w=810" alt="plasmon" srcset="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/018d5-plasmon.png 197w, https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/018d5-plasmon.png?w=150&h=129 150w" sizes="(max-width: 197px) 100vw, 197px" /></a>Integrated systems using surface plasmons offer great potential for use in quantum state engineering applications, such as single-photon sources and transistors (important for quantum communication and computing). Here, novel capabilities in the way the electromagnetic field can be localized and manipulated offer the prospect of miniaturization, scalability and strong coherent coupling to single emitter systems that conventional photonics cannot achieve.</p> <p style="color: white">.</p> <p><strong>Selected publications:</strong></p> <ul> <li><a href="http://prl.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v101/i19/e190504" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Single-Photon Excitation of Surface Plasmon Polaritons</em></a></li> <li><a href="http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/nl300671w" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Quantum Statistics of Surface Plasmon Polaritons in Metallic Stripe Waveguides</em></a></li> <li><a href="http://pra.aps.org/abstract/PRA/v79/i5/e053845" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Long-range surface-plasmon-polariton excitation at the quantum level</em></a></li> <li><a href="http://pra.aps.org/abstract/PRA/v82/i1/e012325" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Quantum theory of surface-plasmon polariton scattering</em></a></li> <li><em><a title="Quantum state transfer with surface plasmons on a metallic nanoparticle array" href="http://pra.aps.org/abstract/PRA/v85/i6/e063823" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Quantum plasmonics with a metallic nanoparticle array</a></em></li> <li><em><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.1.034004" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Observation of Quantum Interference in the Plasmonic Hong-Ou-Mandel Effect</a></em></li> <li><em><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.92.013828" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Quantum plasmonic excitation in graphene and loss-insensitive propagation</a></em></li> </ul> <p><strong>Dealing with loss:</strong></p> <ul> <li><em><a title="Robust-to-loss entanglement generation using a plasmonic nanoparticle array" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1303.5092" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Robust-to-loss entanglement generation using a plasmonic nanoparticle array</a></em></li> <li>[<em><a title="Robust-to-loss entanglement generation using a plasmonic nanoparticle array" href="http://www.quantumnanophotonics.org/media/PresentationLoss.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Loss presentation</a></em>]</li> </ul> <p><strong>Metamaterials:<br /> </strong></p> <ul> <li><em><a href="http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevA.89.013822" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Tunable negative permeability in a quantum plasmonic metamaterial</a></em></li> <li><em><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.23.017941" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Quantum entanglement distillation with metamaterials</a></em></li> <li><em><a href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1507.07948" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Experimental distillation of photon entanglement using a plasmonic metamaterial</a></em></li> </ul> <p style="color: white">.</p> <h3>Optical cluster state quantum computing</h3> <p><a href="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/c327b-cluster.jpg"><img data-attachment-id="57" data-permalink="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/home-5/cluster/#main" data-orig-file="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/c327b-cluster.jpg" data-orig-size="90,114" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="cluster" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/c327b-cluster.jpg?w=90" data-large-file="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/c327b-cluster.jpg?w=90" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-57" src="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/c327b-cluster.jpg?w=810" alt="cluster" /></a>Multipartite entangled states, called cluster states (or graph states), can be used as resources to perform quantum computing. Here, the amount of control one needs over a quantum system is reduced to the ability of performing just single-qubit measurements. This is an important advantage over competing computational models for a number of physical systems, most notably those using photons.</p> <p><strong><br /> Selected publications:</strong></p> <ul> <li><a href="http://scitation.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=PRLTAO000098000014140501000001&idtype=cvips&gifs=yes" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Experimental realization of Deutsch’s algorithm in a one-way quantum computer</em></a></li> <li><a href="http://pra.aps.org/abstract/PRA/v82/i3/e030305" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Scalable method for demonstrating the Deutsch-Jozsa and Bernstein-Vazirani algorithms using cluster states</em></a></li> <li><a href="http://iopscience.iop.org/1367-2630/7/1/226/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Hybrid cluster state proposal for a quantum game</em></a></li> <li><a href="http://pra.aps.org/abstract/PRA/v73/i2/e022309" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Natural three-qubit interactions in one-way quantum computing</em></a></li> <li><a href="http://pra.aps.org/abstract/PRA/v79/i2/e020302" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Compact Toffoli gate using weighted graph states</em></a></li> <li><a href="http://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.200501" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Experimental Realization of a One-way Quantum Computer Algorithm Solving Simon’s Problem</em></a></li> </ul> <p style="color: white">.</p> <h3>Quantum computing on superconducting processors</h3> <p><a href="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/2fb0d-c0404977-800px-wm.jpg"><img data-attachment-id="864" data-permalink="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/research/ibm-quantum-computer-7-qubit-processor/#main" data-orig-file="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/2fb0d-c0404977-800px-wm.jpg" data-orig-size="800,647" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"Science Photo Library","camera":"","caption":"IBM quantum computer, 7-qubit processor. IBM researchers have developed a new approach to simulate molecules on a quantum computer that may one day help revolutionize chemistry and materials science. Six qubits on a purpose-built seven-qubit quantum processor were used to examine the molecular structure of beryllium hydride (BeH2), the largest molecule simulated on a quantum computer to date. Quantum computers are based on quantum mechanics and the principle of representing information using quantum properties, storing and manipulating data in units known as qubits, the basic unit of quantum information. This has the potential to massively increase computing power. Photographed on 13 September 2017.","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"IBM RESEARCH\/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"IBM quantum computer, 7-qubit processor","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="IBM quantum computer, 7-qubit processor" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>IBM quantum computer, 7-qubit processor. IBM researchers have developed a new approach to simulate molecules on a quantum computer that may one day help revolutionize chemistry and materials science. Six qubits on a purpose-built seven-qubit quantum processor were used to examine the molecular structure of beryllium hydride (BeH2), the largest molecule simulated on a quantum computer to date. Quantum computers are based on quantum mechanics and the principle of representing information using quantum properties, storing and manipulating data in units known as qubits, the basic unit of quantum information. This has the potential to massively increase computing power. Photographed on 13 September 2017.</p> " data-medium-file="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/2fb0d-c0404977-800px-wm.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/2fb0d-c0404977-800px-wm.jpg?w=800" class="alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-864" src="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/2fb0d-c0404977-800px-wm.jpg?w=150&h=150" alt="" width="150" height="150" /></a>While our main research focus is on quantum photonic systems, we are also interested in testing protocols on more advanced quantum systems using superconducting circuitry, such as those available from IBM. These systems are among the current front-runners for quantum information processing in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) regime.</p> <p style="color: white">.</p> <p><strong>Selected publications:</strong></p> <ul> <li><a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95973-w" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Demonstration of Shor’s factoring algorithm for N=21 on IBM quantum processors</em></a></li> <li><a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-08632-z" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Implementation of single-qubit measurement-based t-designs using IBM processors</em></a></li> </ul> <p style="color: white">.</p> <h3>New types of single-photon source</h3> <p><a href="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/77665-pcf.jpg"><img data-attachment-id="122" data-permalink="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/home-5/pcf/#main" data-orig-file="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/77665-pcf.jpg" data-orig-size="95,94" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="pcf" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/77665-pcf.jpg?w=95" data-large-file="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/77665-pcf.jpg?w=95" loading="lazy" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-122" src="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/77665-pcf.jpg?w=810" alt="pcf" /></a>Improving photon generation rates using new types of sources, such as photonic crystal fibres, and understanding better the practical requirements for generating high-quality entanglement between these sources will open up access to larger entangled states with more complex structures than currently available. This would enable the testing of quantum protocols and probing physical phenomena that only more sizable quantum systems are able to support.</p> <p><strong>Selected publications:</strong></p> <ul> <li><a href="http://iopscience.iop.org/1367-2630/14/2/023021" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Experimental characterization of photonic fusion using fiber sources</em></a></li> <li><a href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1305.0212" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Experimental characterization of universal one-way quantum computing</em></a></li> </ul> <p style="color: white">.</p> <h3>Quantum networking</h3> <p><a href="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/8f042-network.jpg"><img data-attachment-id="121" data-permalink="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/home-5/network/#main" data-orig-file="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/8f042-network.jpg" data-orig-size="95,72" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="network" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/8f042-network.jpg?w=95" data-large-file="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/8f042-network.jpg?w=95" loading="lazy" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-121" src="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/8f042-network.jpg?w=810" alt="network" /></a>Symmetries within entangled states make them suitable resources for carrying out quantum networking protocols, such as telecloning, open-destination teleportation and quantum secret sharing. Some of these have recently been demonstrated in four- and six-photon settings.</p> <p><strong>Selected publications:</strong></p> <ul> <li><a href="http://prl.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v103/i2/e020503" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Experimental Realization of Dicke States of up to Six Qubits for Multiparty Quantum Networking</em></a></li> <li><a href="http://iopscience.iop.org/1367-2630/11/7/073039/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Characterizing multipartite symmetric Dicke states under the effects of noise</em></a></li> <li><a href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1305.1130" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Universal gates for transforming multipartite entangled Dicke states</em></a></li> <li><em><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.89.042311" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Fusing multiple W states simultaneously with a Fredkin gate</a></em></li> <li><em><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms6480" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Experimental demonstration of graph-state quantum secret sharing</a></em></li> </ul> <p style="color: white">.</p> <h3>Decoherence protection</h3> <p><a href="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/b5fe8-dfs.jpg"><img data-attachment-id="120" data-permalink="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/home-5/dfs/#main" data-orig-file="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/b5fe8-dfs.jpg" data-orig-size="90,92" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="dfs" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/b5fe8-dfs.jpg?w=90" data-large-file="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/b5fe8-dfs.jpg?w=90" loading="lazy" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-120" src="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/b5fe8-dfs.jpg?w=810" alt="dfs" /></a>Decoherence is the ubiquitous loss of information encoded in a quantum system due to its uncontrollable interaction with an environment. It is one of the main obstacles in the grounding of quantum technology for massively parallel information processing. The design and testing of fault-tolerant protocols counteracting the effects of decoherence is necessary for the achievement of reliable quantum information processing.</p> <p><strong>Selected publications:</strong></p> <ul> <li><em><a href="http://iopscience.iop.org/1367-2630/9/6/201/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">One-way quantum computing in a decoherence-free subspace</a></em></li> <li><em><a href="http://prl.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v99/i25/e250503" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Experimental demonstration of decoherence-free one-way information transfer</a></em></li> <li><em><a href="http://pra.aps.org/abstract/PRA/v74/i4/e042330" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Decoherence-based exploration of d-dimensional one-way quantum computation</a></em></li> <li><em><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4658" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Experimental demonstration of a graph state quantum error-correction code</a></em></li> </ul> <p style="color: white">.</p> <h3>In the Media</h3> <ul> <li><a title="First use of Deutsch''''s algorithm in a cluster state quantum computer" href="http://phys.org/news96107220.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">First use of Deutsch’s algorithm in a cluster state quantum computer</a> – PhysOrg.com (2007)</li> <li><a title="A quantum renaissance" href="http://physicsworldarchive.iop.org/full/pwa-pdf/21/07/phwv21i07a34.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">A quantum renaissance</a> – Physics World (2008)</li> <li><a title="Tricking the perfect code machine" href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-14505750" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Tricking the perfect code machine</a> – BBC news (2011)</li> <li><a href="http://ndabaonline.ukzn.ac.za/UkzndabaStory/NdabaOnline-Vol2-Issue28/Innovative%20Research%20by%20Physics%20Professor%20Published%20in%20Reputed%20Journal" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Quantum graph code</a> – NdabaOnline (2014)</li> <li><a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn26443-historic-quantum-software-is-run-for-the-first-time.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Historic quantum software is run for the first time</a> – New Scientist (2014)</li> <li><a href="https://www.sciencenews.org/article/milestone-algorithm-runs-quantum-computer" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Milestone algorithm runs on quantum computer</a> – Science News (2014)</li> <li><a href="http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/magazine/physicstoday/news/news-picks/algorithm-runs-faster-on-quantum-computer-a-news-pick-post" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Algorithm runs faster on quantum computer</a> – Physics Today (2014)</li> <li><a href="http://www.theregister.co.uk/2014/11/17/simons_says_quantum_computing_iwilli_work/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Simon says quantum computing will work</a> – The Register (2014)</li> <li><a href="https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20200826110136903" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">A continent works to grow its stake in quantum computing</a> – World University News (2020)</li> <li><a href="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/2021_0312_the_star_quantum_computing.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Helping SA make a quantum leap into digital future</a> (MSc students) – The Star (2021)</li> <li><a href="https://htxt.co.za/2021/03/ibm-working-with-students-to-make-south-africa-quantum-ready/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">IBM working with students to make South Africa Quantum ready</a> (MSc students) – Hypertext (2021)</li> <li><a href="http://www.techsmart.co.za/news/South-Africas-Progress-in-becoming-Quantum-Ready-begins-with-empowering-the-youth.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">South Africa’s Progress in becoming Quantum Ready begins with empowering the youth</a> (MSc students) – Tech Smart (2021)</li> <li><a href="https://www.ibm.com/blogs/research/2021/03/south-africa-quantum-ready/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">South Africa’s progress in becoming quantum ready</a> – IBM Research blog (2021)</li> <li><a href="https://thenewspaper.co.za/whos-to-say-its-impossible-to-build-your-own-quantum-processor/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Who’s to say it’s impossible to build your own quantum processor</a> – The Newspaper (2021)</li> </ul> <p style="color: white">.</p> <h3>Outreach</h3> <ul> <li><a title="IKEA quantum cryptography" href="https://quantumnanophotonics.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/ikea_quantum_web.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">IKEA quantum cryptography booklet</a> for a stall at Imperial’s <a title="Science of Secrecy" href="http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/newsandeventspggrp/imperialcollege/eventssummary/event_14-7-2011-14-15-33">Science of secrecy public event</a> (2011)<br /> [Visit <a title="Nic Harrigan website outreach" 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