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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Siste endringar</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Tilfeldig_side" title="Vis ei tilfeldig side [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Tilfeldig side</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hjelp:Innhald" title="Hjelp til å bruke alle funksjonane."><span>Hjelp</span></a></li><li id="n-kontakt" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kontakt"><span>Kontakt</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-query" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-query emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Eksterne søk </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> På andre prosjekt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Malayalam_language" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36236" title="Lenkje til tilknytt element [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-element</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Hovudside" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; 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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Logg inn</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Fleire val" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personlege verktøy" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personlege verktøy</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Brukarmeny" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nn.wikipedia.org&uselang=nn"><span>Gåver</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Opprett_konto&returnto=Malayalam" title="Me oppfordrar til at du oppretter ein konto og loggar inn, men det er ikkje påkravd."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Opprett konto</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Logg_inn&returnto=Malayalam" title="Det er ikkje obligatorisk å logga inn, men medfører mange fordelar. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Logg inn</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sider for utlogga bidragsytarar <a href="/wiki/Hjelp:Introduksjon" aria-label="Lær meir om redigering"><span>lær meir</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bidraga_mine" title="Liste over endringar gjorde frå denne IP-adressa [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bidrag</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Diskusjonssida_mi" title="Diskusjon om endringar gjorde av denne ip-adressa [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Nettstad"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innhald" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innhald</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">gøym</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Byrjinga</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Historie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Historie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bakgrunnsstoff" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bakgrunnsstoff"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Bakgrunnsstoff</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bakgrunnsstoff-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Bakgrunnsstoff</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Bakgrunnsstoff-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Litteratur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Litteratur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Litteratur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Litteratur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhald" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innhaldslista" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innhaldslista</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Malayalam</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til ein artikkel på eit anna språk. Tilgjengeleg på 117 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-117" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">117 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam – norsk bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Malayalam" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norsk bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Malayalam" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam_(sprog)" title="Malayalam (sprog) – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Malayalam (sprog)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Malayalam" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%9B%E1%88%8B%E1%8B%AB%E1%88%8B%E1%88%9D" title="ማላያላም – amharisk" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ማላያላም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="मलयालम भाषा – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="मलयालम भाषा" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="اللغة الماليالامية – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اللغة الماليالامية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="মালয়ালম ভাষা – assamesisk" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="মালয়ালম ভাষা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_malabar" title="Idioma malabar – asturisk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Idioma malabar" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam_dili" title="Malayalam dili – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Malayalam dili" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C" title="مالایالم دیلی – søraserbajdsjansk" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="مالایالم دیلی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="søraserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="মালয়ালম ভাষা – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মালয়ালম ভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Malayalam" title="Basa Malayalam – banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Basa Malayalam" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam-g%C3%AD" title="Malayalam-gí – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Malayalam-gí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Малаялам – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Малаялам" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Малаялам – belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Малаялам" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE" title="मलयालम – bihari" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="मलयालम" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="bihari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Малаялам – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Малаялам" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalameg" title="Malayalameg – bretonsk" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Malayalameg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malai%C3%A0lam" title="Malaiàlam – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Malaiàlam" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Малаялам – tsjuvansk" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Малаялам" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tsjuvansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinulongang_Malayalam" title="Pinulongang Malayalam – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Pinulongang Malayalam" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaj%C3%A1lam%C5%A1tina" title="Malajálamština – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Malajálamština" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Malayalam" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%89%DE%A6%DE%8D%DE%A6%DE%94%DE%A7%DE%85%DE%A6%DE%89%DE%B0" title="މަލަޔާޅަމް – divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="މަލަޔާޅަމް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malajalami_keel" title="Malajalami keel – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Malajalami keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%BC" title="Μαλαγιαλάμ – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μαλαγιαλάμ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Malayalam" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_malabar" title="Idioma malabar – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Idioma malabar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malajala_lingvo" title="Malajala lingvo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Malajala lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malabarera" title="Malabarera – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Malabarera" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85" title="زبان مالایالم – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان مالایالم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam_bhasa" title="Malayalam bhasa – fijiansk hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Malayalam bhasa" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="fijiansk hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Malayalam" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Mhail%C3%A9alaimis" title="An Mhailéalaimis – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Mhailéalaimis" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_malayalam" title="Lingua malayalam – galisisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua malayalam" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%B2%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B3%E0%AA%AE_%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AA%BE" title="મલયાળમ ભાષા – gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="મલયાળમ ભાષા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam-ng%C3%AE" title="Malayalam-ngî – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Malayalam-ngî" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%90%EB%9D%BC%EC%96%84%EB%9E%8C%EC%96%B4" title="말라얄람어 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="말라얄람어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Malayalam" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="मलयालम भाषा – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मलयालम भाषा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malajalam_jezik" title="Malajalam jezik – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Malajalam jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayala_linguo" title="Malayala linguo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Malayala linguo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Malayalam" title="Bahasa Malayalam – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Malayalam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_malayalam" title="Lingua malayalam – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Lingua malayalam" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Малаялам – ossetisk" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Малаялам" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_malayalam" title="Lingua malayalam – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua malayalam" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%9D" title="מלאיאלאם – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מלאיאלאם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B3%E0%B2%82" title="ಮಲಯಾಳಂ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮಲಯಾಳಂ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="მალაიალამური ენა – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მალაიალამური ენა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8E%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%9B%D9%B2%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D9%8E%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مَلیٛٲلی زَبان – kasjmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="مَلیٛٲلی زَبان" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="kasjmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimalayalam" title="Kimalayalam – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kimalayalam" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Малаялам – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Малаялам" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_Malabarica" title="Lingua Malabarica – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua Malabarica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaj%C4%81lama" title="Malajālama – latvisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Malajālama" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malajali%C5%B3_kalba" title="Malajalių kalba – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Malajalių kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Malayalam" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaj%C3%A1lam_nyelv" title="Malajálam nyelv – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Malajálam nyelv" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE" title="मलयालम – maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="मलयालम" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Малајалски јазик – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Малајалски јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_malaialama" title="Fiteny malaialama – madagassisk" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny malaialama" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="madagassisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%82" title="മലയാളം – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മലയാളം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B3%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="मल्याळम भाषा – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मल्याळम भाषा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="მალაიალამური ნინა – mingrelsk" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მალაიალამური ნინა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%89" title="لغه ماليالامى – egyptisk arabisk" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لغه ماليالامى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85" title="مالایالم – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="مالایالم" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Malayalam" title="Bahasa Malayalam – malayisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa Malayalam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam-ng%E1%B9%B3%CC%84" title="Malayalam-ngṳ̄ – mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Malayalam-ngṳ̄" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Malayalam" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam – lågsaksisk" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Malayalam" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="lågsaksisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="मलयालम भाषा – nepalsk" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मलयालम भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE" title="मलयालम – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="मलयालम" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A4%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A0%E8%AA%9E" title="マラヤーラム語 – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マラヤーラム語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam – nordfrisisk" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Malayalam" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nordfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaialam" title="Malaialam – oksitansk" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Malaialam" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Malayalam" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%AE" title="ਮਲਿਆਲਮ – panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਲਿਆਲਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85" title="ملیالم – vestpunjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ملیالم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="vestpunjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Malayalam" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85_%DA%98%D8%A8%D9%87" title="مليالم ژبه – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="مليالم ژبه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam – pikardisk" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Malayalam" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="pikardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_Malayalam" title="Lenga Malayalam – piemontesisk" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga Malayalam" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam – lågtysk" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Malayalam" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="lågtysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_malajalam" title="Język malajalam – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język malajalam" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_malaiala" title="Língua malaiala – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua malaiala" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_malayalam" title="Limba malayalam – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limba malayalam" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam_simi" title="Malayalam simi – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Malayalam simi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Малаялам – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Малаялам" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B3%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="मलयाळम् – sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="मलयाळम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A2" title="ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱚᱢ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱚᱢ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam – skotsk" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Malayalam" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjuha_malajalame" title="Gjuha malajalame – albansk" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjuha malajalame" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%B7%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="මලයාලම් භාෂාව – singalesisk" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මලයාලම් භාෂාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Malayalam" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85" title="ملايالم – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ملايالم" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaj%C3%A1lam%C4%8Dina" title="Malajálamčina – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Malajálamčina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malajalam%C5%A1%C4%8Dina" title="Malajalamščina – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Malajalamščina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malajalamsk%C5%8F_g%C5%8Fdka" title="Malajalamskŏ gŏdka – schlesisk" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Malajalamskŏ gŏdka" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="schlesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%95%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85" title="مالەیالم – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مالەیالم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC_(%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA)" title="Малајалам (језик) – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Малајалам (језик)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malajalam_jezik" title="Malajalam jezik – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Malajalam jezik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malajalam" title="Malajalam – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Malajalam" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikang_Malayalam" title="Wikang Malayalam – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Wikang Malayalam" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="மலையாளம் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மலையாளம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Малаялам теле – tatarisk" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Малаялам теле" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B3%E0%B0%82" title="మలయాళం – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మలయాళం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AC%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1" title="ภาษามลยาฬัม – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษามลยาฬัม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B3%E0%B2%82_%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%86" title="ಮಲಯಾಳಂ ಬಾಸೆ – tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಮಲಯಾಳಂ ಬಾಸೆ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalamca" title="Malayalamca – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Malayalamca" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Малаялам – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Малаялам" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ملیالم زبان – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ملیالم زبان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%DA%86%DB%95" title="مالايالامچە – uigurisk" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="مالايالامچە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigurisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Malayalam" title="Tiếng Malayalam – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiếng Malayalam" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%8B%89%E4%B9%9F%E6%8B%89%E5%A7%86%E8%AF%AD" title="马拉也拉姆语 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="马拉也拉姆语" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E6%8B%89%E4%B9%9F%E6%9E%97%E6%96%87" title="馬拉也林文 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="馬拉也林文" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%8B%89%E9%9B%85%E6%8B%89%E5%A7%86%E8%AF%AD" title="马拉雅拉姆语 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="马拉雅拉姆语" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Malayalam" title="Bahasa Malayalam – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Bahasa Malayalam" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36236#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Endra mellomspråklege lenkjer" class="wbc-editpage">Endra lenkjer</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Malayalam" title="Vis innhaldssida [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskusjon:Malayalam" rel="discussion" title="Diskusjon om innhaldssida [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Endre språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">norsk nynorsk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visningar"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Malayalam"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malayalam&veaction=edit" title="Endre sida [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Endre</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malayalam&action=edit" title="Endre kjeldekoden til sida [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Endre wikiteksten</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malayalam&action=history" title="Eldre versjonar av sida [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Sjå historikken</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktøy" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Verktøy</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Verktøy</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">gøym</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Flere alternativer" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Handlingar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Malayalam"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malayalam&veaction=edit" title="Endre sida [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Endre</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malayalam&action=edit" title="Endre kjeldekoden til sida [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Endre wikiteksten</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malayalam&action=history"><span>Sjå historikken</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ålment </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Lenkjer_hit/Malayalam" title="Liste over alle wikisidene som har lenkjer hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Lenkjer hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Relaterte_endringar/Malayalam" rel="nofollow" title="Nylege endringar på sider denne sida lenkjar til [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterte endringar</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=nn" title="Last opp filer [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Last opp fil</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Spesialsider" title="Liste over spesialsider [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesialsider</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malayalam&oldid=3445399" title="Fast lenkje til denne versjonen av sida"><span>Fast lenkje</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malayalam&action=info" title="Meir informasjon om sida"><span>Sideinformasjon</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Siter&page=Malayalam&id=3445399&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasjon om korleis ein siterer denne sida"><span>Siter denne sida</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMalayalam"><span>Hent kort URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMalayalam"><span>Last ned QR-kode</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skriv ut/eksporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Bok&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Malayalam"><span>Opprett ei bok</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Malayalam&action=show-download-screen"><span>Last ned som PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malayalam&printable=yes" title="Utskriftsversjon av sida [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Utskriftsversjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utsjånad"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utsjånad</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">gøym</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Frå Wikipedia – det frie oppslagsverket</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nn" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" width="300px"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="mediumspringgreen"><big><b>Malayalam</b></big><br /><b>മലയാളം</b> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><b>Klassifisering</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dravidiske_spr%C3%A5k" title="Dravidiske språk">Dravidiske språk</a><br /> Sørlege dravidiske språk<br />  Tamil-kodagu<br />   Tamil-malayalam<br />    Malayalam </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="mediumspringgreen"><b>Bruk</b> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><b>Tala i</b> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><b>Område</b> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a> og <a href="/wiki/Lakshadweep" class="mw-redirect" title="Lakshadweep">Lakshadweep</a> i India </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><b>Malayalamtalande i alt</b> </td> <td colspan="2">ca. 35,7 millionar (<a href="/wiki/1999" title="1999">1999</a>) </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Verdas_spr%C3%A5k_etter_utbreiing" title="Verdas språk etter utbreiing">Rangering</a></b> </td> <td colspan="2"><i>29</i> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><b>Skriftsystem</b> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Malayalam-skrift" title="Malayalam-skrift">Malayalam-skrift</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="mediumspringgreen"><b>Offisiell status</b></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left;" colspan="3"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Offisielt språk i</b> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><b>Normert av</b> </td> <td colspan="2">Ymse akademi og regjeringa i <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="mediumspringgreen"><b>Språkkodar</b> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><b><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639-1</a></b> </td> <td colspan="2">ml </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><b><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639-2</a></b> </td> <td colspan="2">mal </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><b><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639-3</a></b> </td> <td colspan="2">mal </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Malayalam</b> (മലയാളം <i>malayāḷam</i>) er eit <a href="/wiki/Dravidiske_spr%C3%A5k" title="Dravidiske språk">dravidisk</a> språk som hovudsakleg blir tala i den <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">indiske</a> <a href="/wiki/Indiske_delstatar_og_territorium" class="mw-redirect" title="Indiske delstatar og territorium">delstaten</a> <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a>. Språket er skrive med eit eige alfabet som liknar mykje på, og truleg hadde opphavet sitt i, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grantha-skrift&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grantha-skrift (sida finst ikkje)">grantha-skrifta</a>. </p><p>Som dei andre dravidiske språka er malayalam eit <a href="/wiki/Agglutinerande_spr%C3%A5k" title="Agglutinerande språk">agglutinerande språk</a>. Språket bruker svært mange <a href="/wiki/Etterfeste" class="mw-redirect" title="Etterfeste">etterfeste</a> og nokre <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B8refeste" class="mw-redirect" title="Førefeste">førefeste</a> for å endra tydinga eller grammatisk rolla åt ord. Dette gjev malayalam ein særskild ord- og setningsbygnad. Eit døme er tittelen åt ei song som vart populær på 1990-talet, som tyder «og ein annan dag no, der ingen kjem», og berre er eitt ord på malayalam, «<i>varuvānillāruminnorunāḷum</i>». </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historie">Historie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malayalam&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Endre bolk: Historie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malayalam&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Historie"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Malayalam står i nær slekt med <a href="/wiki/Tamil" title="Tamil">tamil</a> og folk frå det malayalam-talande landet pla skriva normert tamil i mange hundreår. Statusen åt malayalam som eit åtskilt språk var berre etablert på 1500-talet av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thuntsjathu_Ezhuthatsjan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thuntsjathu Ezhuthatsjan (sida finst ikkje)">Thuntsjathu Ezhuthatsjan</a>, ein <a href="/wiki/Diktar" class="mw-redirect" title="Diktar">diktar</a> som ofte vert kalla faderen åt malayalam. Ezhuthatsjan si <a href="/wiki/Dikting" class="mw-redirect" title="Dikting">dikting</a> etablerte ein ny <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ortografi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ortografi (sida finst ikkje)">ortografi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grammatikk" title="Grammatikk">grammatikk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ordforr%C3%A5d" title="Ordforråd">ordforråd</a> og litterært idiom for malayalam, som var ganske ulike frå tamil. Ein trur at den moderne malayalam-skrifta også var laga av han. Ezhuthatsjan baserte språkombota si på ei blanding av språkformar som fanst i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maniprav%C3%A1lam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manipraválam (sida finst ikkje)">manipraválam</a>-diktingstradisjonen, <a href="/wiki/Folkeviser" class="mw-redirect" title="Folkeviser">folkeviser</a> og verk som blanda normert tamil med lokale dialektformar. Det er difor vanleg i dag å rekna desse tidlegare verka som døme på tidleg malayalam bokheim. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bakgrunnsstoff">Bakgrunnsstoff</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malayalam&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Endre bolk: Bakgrunnsstoff" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malayalam&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Bakgrunnsstoff"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/15px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/23px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/30px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> på <b><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ml:">malayalam</a></b> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prd.kerala.gov.in/prd2/mala/mala.htm">Information on Malayalam language at Department of Public Relations, Government of Kerala</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060206092310/http://www.prd.kerala.gov.in/prd2/mala/mala.htm">Arkivert</a> 2006-02-06 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0D00.pdf">Unicode Code Chart for Malayalam (PDF Format)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.org/show_language.asp?code=MJS">Ethnologue report for Malayalam</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.malayalamwords.com">Malayalam Dictionary by Unicode</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.malayalamdictionary.com">Malayalam Online Dictionary</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iit.edu/~laksvij/language/malayalam.html">Romanised to Unicode Malayalam transliterator</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090721031114/http://www.iit.edu/~laksvij/language/malayalam.html">Arkivert</a> 2009-07-21 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Litteratur">Litteratur</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malayalam&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Endre bolk: Litteratur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malayalam&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Litteratur"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Ampattu Paily Andrewskutty: <i>Malayalam: an intensive course.</i> Trivandrum: Dravidian Linguistic Association, 1978.</li> <li>Michail S. Andronov: <i>A grammar of the Malayalam language in historical treatment.</i> Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1996.</li> <li>Ronald E. Asher, T. C. Kumari: <i>Malayalam.</i> London: Routledge, 1997.</li> <li>Leonhard Johannes Frohnmeyer: <i>A progressive grammar of the Malayalam language for Europeans.</i> Mangalore: Basel Mission Book & Tract Depoitory, 1889.</li> <li>Christina Kamp, Jose Punnamparambil: <i>Malayalam für Kerala Wort für Wort.</i> Kauderwelsch Sprechführer Bd. 178, Bielefeld: Reise Know How Verlag, 2005.</li> <li>Nagamangala Dasappa Krishnamurthy, Harihara Parameswaran, Uliyar Padmanabha Upadhyaya: <i>Conversational Malayalam: a microwave approach.</i> Bangalore: N. D. K. Inst. of Languages, 2005.</li> <li>Rodney F. Moag: <i>Malayalam: a university course and reference grammar.</i> Ann Arbor, Mich.: Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies, Univ. of Michigan, 1980.</li> <li>I.Vi. En. Namputiri: <i>A brief history of Malayalam language.</i> Thiruvananthapuram: International Centre for Kerala Studies, Univ. of Kerala, 2004.</li> <li>B. Syamala Kumari: <i>An intensive course in Malayalam.</i> Mysore: Central Inst. of Indian Languages, 1981.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3515230">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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