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class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Míl Espáine</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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Espáine – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Míl Espáine" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%BE%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="میل اسپهانی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="میل اسپهانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mile_(mythologie_celtique)" title="Mile (mythologie celtique) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mile (mythologie celtique)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%ADl_Esp%C3%A1ine" title="Míl Espáine – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Míl Espáine" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%ADl_Esp%C3%A1ine" title="Míl Espáine – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Míl Espáine" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%80_%EC%97%90%EC%8A%A4%ED%8C%8C%EB%84%88" title="밀 에스파너 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="밀 에스파너" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%ADl_Esp%C3%A1ine" title="Míl Espáine – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Míl Espáine" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miled" title="Miled – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Miled" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%ADle_Esp%C3%A1ine" title="Míle Espáine – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Míle Espáine" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Миль Испанец – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Миль Испанец" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%ADl_Esp%C3%A1ine" title="Míl Espáine – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Míl Espáine" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1277650#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Milesius_by_Hermann_tom_Ring.png/220px-Milesius_by_Hermann_tom_Ring.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Milesius_by_Hermann_tom_Ring.png/330px-Milesius_by_Hermann_tom_Ring.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Milesius_by_Hermann_tom_Ring.png 2x" data-file-width="383" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption><i>Milesius</i>, 16th century <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a> artistic rendering by <a href="/wiki/Hermann_tom_Ring" title="Hermann tom Ring">Hermann tom Ring </a> held in the <a href="/wiki/Bavarian_State_Painting_Collections" title="Bavarian State Painting Collections">Bavarian State Painting Collections</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>In Irish <a href="/wiki/Origin_myths" class="mw-redirect" title="Origin myths">origin myths</a>, <b>Míl Espáine</b> or <b>Míl Espáne</b> (later <a href="/wiki/Latinization_of_names" class="mw-redirect" title="Latinization of names">Latinized</a> as <b>Milesius</b>) is the mythical ancestor of the final inhabitants of <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a>, the "sons of Míl" or <a href="/wiki/Milesians_(Irish)" title="Milesians (Irish)">Milesians</a>, who represent the vast majority of the Irish <a href="/wiki/Gaels" title="Gaels">Gaels</a>. His father was <a href="/wiki/Bile_(Irish_legend)" title="Bile (Irish legend)">Bile</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Breogan" class="mw-redirect" title="Breogan">Breogan</a>. Modern historians believe he is a creation of medieval Irish Christian writers.<sup id="cite_ref-ohogain_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ohogain-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name_and_origin">Name and origin</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%ADl_Esp%C3%A1ine&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name and origin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mark Williams characterises the name <i>Míl Espáine</i> as an "etymological figment"<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> translated from the <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> <i>mīles Hispaniae</i>, meaning "soldier of <a href="/wiki/Hispania" title="Hispania">Hispania</a> (Spain)", attested in a passage (§ 13) in the 9th-century work <i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Brittonum" title="Historia Brittonum">Historia Brittonum</a></i> (<i>"The History of the Britons"</i>) by <a href="/wiki/Nennius" title="Nennius">Nennius</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Lennon_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lennon-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As <a href="/wiki/A.G._van_Hamel" class="mw-redirect" title="A.G. van Hamel">A.G. van Hamel</a> has suggested, the status of Iberia as the land of origin can be traced back to <a href="/wiki/Isidore_of_Seville" title="Isidore of Seville">Isidore of Seville</a>, who in the introduction to his <a href="/wiki/Historia_de_regibus_Gothorum,_Vandalorum_et_Suevorum" title="Historia de regibus Gothorum, Vandalorum et Suevorum">history of the Goths, Vandals and Suebi</a> had elevated Iberia/Hispania to the "mother of all races".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another likely reason the Irish were said to come from Iberia was the mistaken belief that <i><a href="/wiki/Hibernia" title="Hibernia">Hibernia</a></i>, the Latin name of Ireland, came from <i>Iberia</i>/<i>Hiberia</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-ohogain_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ohogain-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A further explanation may lie in the mistake made by some classical geographers in locating Ireland closely opposite Iberia. For instance, the <i>Lebar Gabála</i> (§ 100) recounts that from Bregon's Tower, the Milesian <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dth" class="mw-redirect" title="Íth">Íth</a> was able to see right across the sea to Ireland. In Galician history, that tower is the <a href="/wiki/Torre_de_Hercules" class="mw-redirect" title="Torre de Hercules">Torre de Hercules</a> in <a href="/wiki/A_Coru%C3%B1a" title="A Coruña">A Coruña</a>, <a href="/wiki/Galicia_(Spain)" title="Galicia (Spain)">Galicia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hellmuth_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hellmuth-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legend">Legend</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%ADl_Esp%C3%A1ine&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Legend"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historia_Brittonum"><i>Historia Brittonum</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%ADl_Esp%C3%A1ine&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Historia Brittonum"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The earliest surviving mention of the character is from the 9th century <i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Brittonum" title="Historia Brittonum">Historia Brittonum</a></i> (History of the Britons). It says that Ireland was settled by three groups of people from the <a href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">Iberian Peninsula</a>. The first group are the people of <a href="/wiki/Parthol%C3%B3n" title="Partholón">Partholón</a>, who all die of plague. The second group are the people of <a href="/wiki/Nemed" title="Nemed">Nemed</a>, who eventually return to Iberia. The third group are led by three sons of a warrior of Spain (<i>tres filii militis Hispaniae</i>), who sail to Ireland with thirty ships, each carrying thirty wives. They see a glass tower in the middle of the sea with men on top of it, but the men do not answer their calls. The Milesians set out to take the tower, but when they reach it, all but one of their ships are sunk by a great wave. Only one ship is saved, and its passengers are the ancestors of all the Irish.<sup id="cite_ref-Brady_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brady-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <i>Lebor Gabála</i>, it is the people of Nemed who are drowned while trying to capture a tower by the sea.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lebor_Gabála_Érenn"><span id="Lebor_Gab.C3.A1la_.C3.89renn"></span><i>Lebor Gabála Érenn</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%ADl_Esp%C3%A1ine&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Lebor Gabála Érenn"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The earliest version of the Irish <i><a href="/wiki/Lebor_Gab%C3%A1la_%C3%89renn" title="Lebor Gabála Érenn">Lebor Gabála Érenn</a></i> (Book of the Taking of Ireland) was compiled in the 11th century. It says that Ireland was settled by six groups of people: the people of <a href="/wiki/Cessair" title="Cessair">Cessair</a>, the people of Partholón, the people of Nemed, the <a href="/wiki/Fir_Bolg" title="Fir Bolg">Fir Bolg</a>, the supernatural <a href="/wiki/Tuatha_D%C3%A9_Danann" title="Tuatha Dé Danann">Tuatha Dé Danann</a>, and lastly the sons of Míl Espáine, an Irish borrowing of the Latin <i>mīles Hispaniae</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Brady_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brady-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-ohogain_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ohogain-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>Lebor Gabála</i> traces the Irish back to the <a href="/wiki/Scythians" title="Scythians">Scythians</a> and further back to <a href="/wiki/Japheth" title="Japheth">Japheth</a>, one of the <a href="/wiki/Sons_of_Noah" class="mw-redirect" title="Sons of Noah">sons of Noah</a>. It says that Míl was born in Iberia and was the son of <a href="/wiki/Bile_(Irish_legend)" title="Bile (Irish legend)">Bilé</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Breog%C3%A1n" title="Breogán">Breogán</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ohogain_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ohogain-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some versions say Míl's birth name was Golam.<sup id="cite_ref-ohogain_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ohogain-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to some versions, Míl returns to <a href="/wiki/Scythia" title="Scythia">Scythia</a>, the land of his forebears, where he becomes an army commander. He then spends some time in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">Egypt</a>, where he marries <a href="/wiki/Scota" title="Scota">Scota</a>, a daughter of the <a href="/wiki/Pharaoh" title="Pharaoh">pharaoh</a>. Míl eventually returns to Iberia, where he wins several great battles before dying there.<sup id="cite_ref-ohogain_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ohogain-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One of Míl's relatives, Íth, visits Ireland but is killed there by the <a href="/wiki/Tuatha_D%C3%A9_Danann" title="Tuatha Dé Danann">Tuatha Dé Danann</a>. Míl's eight sons—<a href="/wiki/%C3%89ber_Finn" class="mw-redirect" title="Éber Finn">Éber Finn</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89ber_Donn" title="Éber Donn">Éber Donn</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89rim%C3%B3n" title="Érimón">Érimón</a>, Ír, Érannan, <a href="/wiki/Amergin_Gl%C3%BAingel" title="Amergin Glúingel">Amergin</a>, Colptha and Airech—sail to Ireland and take possession of it from the Tuatha Dé Danann.<sup id="cite_ref-ohogain_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ohogain-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Offspring">Offspring</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%ADl_Esp%C3%A1ine&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Offspring"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Among the sons of Míl in Ireland were Éber Finn, Érimón, Ír and Amergin. The traditional genealogies of <a href="/wiki/Gaelic_Ireland" title="Gaelic Ireland">Gaelic Ireland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gaelic_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaelic Scotland">Gaelic Scotland</a> trace the ancestors of the Gaels back to one of the first three sons. Typically, the descendants of Éber Finn were prominent in <a href="/wiki/Munster" title="Munster">Munster</a> (including the <a href="/wiki/E%C3%B3ganachta" title="Eóganachta">Eóganachta</a>, <a href="/wiki/U%C3%AD_Fidgenti" title="Uí Fidgenti">Uí Fidgenti</a> and <a href="/wiki/U%C3%AD_Liath%C3%A1in" title="Uí Liatháin">Uí Liatháin</a>), the progeny of Ír, through his son Éber formed the bulk of <a href="/wiki/Ulster" title="Ulster">Ulster</a> (including the <a href="/wiki/Ulaid" title="Ulaid">Ulaidh</a>; <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1l_nAraidi" title="Dál nAraidi">Dál nAraidi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Conmha%C3%ADcne" class="mw-redirect" title="Conmhaícne">Conmhaícne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ciarraige" class="mw-redirect" title="Ciarraige">Ciarraige</a> and <a href="/wiki/Corco_Mruad" class="mw-redirect" title="Corco Mruad">Corco Mruad</a>) and then offspring of Érimón were most powerful in <a href="/wiki/Connacht" title="Connacht">Connacht</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leinster" title="Leinster">Leinster</a> and parts of Ulster (including the <a href="/wiki/Connachta" title="Connachta">Connachta</a>, <a href="/wiki/U%C3%AD_N%C3%A9ill" title="Uí Néill">Uí Néill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clan_Colla" class="mw-redirect" title="Clan Colla">Clan Colla</a>, <a href="/wiki/U%C3%AD_Maine" class="mw-redirect" title="Uí Maine">Uí Maine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laighin" class="mw-redirect" title="Laighin">Laighin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dalcassians" title="Dalcassians">Dalcassians</a> and the <a href="/wiki/%C3%89rainn" class="mw-redirect" title="Érainn">Érainn</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-hart_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hart-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/John_O%27Hart" title="John O'Hart">John O'Hart</a> in <i>Irish Pedigrees</i> (1876), in his younger days, Milesius, while travelling through Africa, is said to have killed three lions and subsequently bore three lions as his symbol. Each of the lions were borne by his progeny: Heber Fionn and Heremon (as well as their descendants) bore the gold and red lions respectively, while his grandson Heber mac Ír bore the blue lion.<sup id="cite_ref-hart_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hart-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_Milesius.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Lions of Milesius."><img alt="Lions of Milesius." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Arms_of_Milesius.png/103px-Arms_of_Milesius.png" decoding="async" width="103" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Arms_of_Milesius.png/154px-Arms_of_Milesius.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Arms_of_Milesius.png/206px-Arms_of_Milesius.png 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="717" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Lions of Milesius.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lion_of_Heber_Donn.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Lion of Heber mac Ír."><img alt="Lion of Heber mac Ír." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Lion_of_Heber_Donn.png/103px-Lion_of_Heber_Donn.png" decoding="async" width="103" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Lion_of_Heber_Donn.png/154px-Lion_of_Heber_Donn.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Lion_of_Heber_Donn.png/206px-Lion_of_Heber_Donn.png 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="717" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Lion of Heber mac Ír.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lion_of_Heber_Fionn.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Lion of Heber Fionn."><img alt="Lion of Heber Fionn." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Lion_of_Heber_Fionn.png/103px-Lion_of_Heber_Fionn.png" decoding="async" width="103" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Lion_of_Heber_Fionn.png/154px-Lion_of_Heber_Fionn.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Lion_of_Heber_Fionn.png/206px-Lion_of_Heber_Fionn.png 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="717" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Lion of Heber Fionn.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lion_of_Heremon.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Lion of Heremon."><img alt="Lion of Heremon." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Lion_of_Heremon.png/120px-Lion_of_Heremon.png" decoding="async" width="103" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Lion_of_Heremon.png/250px-Lion_of_Heremon.png 1.5x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="717" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Lion of Heremon.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%ADl_Esp%C3%A1ine&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lebor_Gab%C3%A1la_%C3%89renn" title="Lebor Gabála Érenn">Lebor Gabála Érenn</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mesca_Ulad" title="Mesca Ulad">Mesca Ulad</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scota" title="Scota">Scota</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%ADl_Esp%C3%A1ine&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%ADl_Esp%C3%A1ine&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ohogain-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ohogain_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ohogain_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ohogain_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ohogain_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ohogain_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ohogain_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ohogain_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFÓ_hÓgáin1991" class="citation book cs1">Ó hÓgáin, Dáithí (1991). <i>Myth, Legend & Romance: An encyclopaedia of the Irish folk tradition</i>. Prentice Hall Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">296–</span>297.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Myth%2C+Legend+%26+Romance%3A+An+encyclopaedia+of+the+Irish+folk+tradition&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E296-%3C%2Fspan%3E297&rft.pub=Prentice+Hall+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=%C3%93+h%C3%93g%C3%A1in&rft.aufirst=D%C3%A1ith%C3%AD&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM%C3%ADl+Esp%C3%A1ine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2018" class="citation book cs1">Williams, Mark (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=C3SYDwAAQBAJ&q=M%C3%ADl+Esp%C3%A1ine&pg=PA139"><i>Ireland's Immortals: A History of the Gods of Irish Myth</i></a>. Princeton University Press. p. 139. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-691-18304-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-691-18304-6"><bdi>978-0-691-18304-6</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 July</span> 2020</span>. <q>Even Míl Espáine, the ancestor of the invading Gaels and thus putative forefather of all the ethnic Irish, was an etymological figment. Transparently not originally a name, it is rather a translation of the Latin phrase for 'a soldier of Spain' (miles Hispaniae) [...].</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ireland%27s+Immortals%3A+A+History+of+the+Gods+of+Irish+Myth&rft.pages=139&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-0-691-18304-6&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DC3SYDwAAQBAJ%26q%3DM%25C3%25ADl%2BEsp%25C3%25A1ine%26pg%3DPA139&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM%C3%ADl+Esp%C3%A1ine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lennon-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lennon_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLennon2008" class="citation book cs1">Lennon, Joseph (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nnbRKOsmyJIC&q=M%C3%ADl+Esp%C3%A1ine&pg=PA35"><i>Irish Orientalism: A Literary and Intellectual History</i></a>. Syracuse University Press. pp. 24, 35. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8156-3164-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8156-3164-4"><bdi>978-0-8156-3164-4</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Irish+Orientalism%3A+A+Literary+and+Intellectual+History&rft.pages=24%2C+35&rft.pub=Syracuse+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-8156-3164-4&rft.aulast=Lennon&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnnbRKOsmyJIC%26q%3DM%25C3%25ADl%2BEsp%25C3%25A1ine%26pg%3DPA35&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM%C3%ADl+Esp%C3%A1ine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Van Hamel, "On <i>Lebor Gábala</i>", p. 173.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hellmuth-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hellmuth_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hellmuth, "Míl Espáine"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brady-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Brady_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brady_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBrady2022" class="citation book cs1">Brady, Lindy (2022). <i>The Origin Legends of Early Medieval Britain and Ireland</i>. Cambridge University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">46–</span>50.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Origin+Legends+of+Early+Medieval+Britain+and+Ireland&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E46-%3C%2Fspan%3E50&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2022&rft.aulast=Brady&rft.aufirst=Lindy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM%C3%ADl+Esp%C3%A1ine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Carey, <i>The Irish National Origin-Legend: Synthetic Pseudohistory</i>, pp.5–6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hart-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hart_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hart_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.libraryireland.com/Pedigrees1/Stem.php#anchor7">The Stem of the Irish Nation – Irish Pedigrees</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%ADl_Esp%C3%A1ine&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFO'Neill1996" class="citation book cs1">O'Neill, Desmond (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oneill.ie/html/history1.htm"><i>The Ancient and Royal Family of O'Neill</i></a>. Meath. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9524484-1-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-9524484-1-6"><bdi>0-9524484-1-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ancient+and+Royal+Family+of+O%27Neill&rft.pub=Meath&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-9524484-1-6&rft.aulast=O%27Neill&rft.aufirst=Desmond&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oneill.ie%2Fhtml%2Fhistory1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM%C3%ADl+Esp%C3%A1ine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMacalister,_R._A._S." class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/R._A._Stewart_Macalister" title="R. A. Stewart Macalister">Macalister, R. A. S.</a> (ed.). <i>Lebor Gabála Érenn</i> [<i>The Book of the Taking of Ireland</i>]. Dublin: <a href="/wiki/Irish_Texts_Society" title="Irish Texts Society">Irish Texts Society</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lebor+Gab%C3%A1la+%C3%89renn&rft.place=Dublin&rft.pub=Irish+Texts+Society&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM%C3%ADl+Esp%C3%A1ine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCarey1994" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Carey_(Celticist)" title="John Carey (Celticist)">Carey, John</a> (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210426123429/https://sulis.ucc.ie/cdi/wp-content/uploads/textarchive/Carey_QuigginPamphletsI.pdf"><i>The Irish National Origin-Legend: Synthetic Pseudohistory</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Quiggin Pamphlets on the Sources of Mediaeval Gaelic History 1. Cambridge. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sulis.ucc.ie/cdi/wp-content/uploads/textarchive/Carey_QuigginPamphletsI.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 26 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Irish+National+Origin-Legend%3A+Synthetic+Pseudohistory&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.series=Quiggin+Pamphlets+on+the+Sources+of+Mediaeval+Gaelic+History+1&rft.date=1994&rft.aulast=Carey&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsulis.ucc.ie%2Fcdi%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Ftextarchive%2FCarey_QuigginPamphletsI.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM%C3%ADl+Esp%C3%A1ine" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHamel1914–1915" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/A.G._van_Hamel" class="mw-redirect" title="A.G. van Hamel">Hamel, A.G. van</a> (1914–1915). "On Lebor Gabála". <i><a href="/wiki/Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_celtische_Philologie" title="Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie">Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie</a></i>. <b>10</b>: <span class="nowrap">97–</span>197.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zeitschrift+f%C3%BCr+celtische+Philologie&rft.atitle=On+Lebor+Gab%C3%A1la&rft.volume=10&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E97-%3C%2Fspan%3E197&rft.date=1914%2F1915&rft.aulast=Hamel&rft.aufirst=A.G.+van&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM%C3%ADl+Esp%C3%A1ine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHellmuth,_Petra_S.2006" class="citation book cs1">Hellmuth, Petra S. (2006). "Míl Espáine and the Milesians". In <a href="/wiki/John_T._Koch" title="John T. Koch">Koch, John T.</a> (ed.). <i>Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia</i>. Santa Barbara, Denver, and Oxford: <a href="/wiki/ABC-CLIO" class="mw-redirect" title="ABC-CLIO">ABC-CLIO</a>. p. 1298.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=M%C3%ADl+Esp%C3%A1ine+and+the+Milesians&rft.btitle=Celtic+Culture%3A+A+Historical+Encyclopedia&rft.place=Santa+Barbara%2C+Denver%2C+and+Oxford&rft.pages=1298&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2006&rft.au=Hellmuth%2C+Petra+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM%C3%ADl+Esp%C3%A1ine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i>Tochomlod mac Miledh a hEspain i nErind</i> ("The Progress of the Sons of Míl from Spain to Ireland"), ed. and tr. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFM.E._Dobbs1937" class="citation journal cs1">M.E. Dobbs (1937). "Tochomlad mac Miledh a hEspain i nErind: no Cath Tailten?". <i><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tudes_Celtiques" title="Études Celtiques">Études Celtiques</a></i>. <b>2</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">50–</span>91. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3406%2Fecelt.1937.1133">10.3406/ecelt.1937.1133</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%C3%89tudes+Celtiques&rft.atitle=Tochomlad+mac+Miledh+a+hEspain+i+nErind%3A+no+Cath+Tailten%3F&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E50-%3C%2Fspan%3E91&rft.date=1937&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3406%2Fecelt.1937.1133&rft.au=M.E.+Dobbs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM%C3%ADl+Esp%C3%A1ine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i>The Milesian Invasion of Ireland</i>, ed. and tr. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHull,_Vernam1931–1933" class="citation journal cs1">Hull, Vernam (1931–1933). "The Milesian Invasion of Ireland". <i><a href="/wiki/ZCP" class="mw-redirect" title="ZCP">ZCP</a></i>. <b>19</b>: <span class="nowrap">155–</span>60.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ZCP&rft.atitle=The+Milesian+Invasion+of+Ireland&rft.volume=19&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E155-%3C%2Fspan%3E60&rft.date=1931%2F1933&rft.au=Hull%2C+Vernam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM%C3%ADl+Esp%C3%A1ine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCarey1995" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Carey, John (1995). "Native Elements in Irish Pseudo-History". In Doris Edel (ed.). <i>Cultural Identity and Cultural Integration: Ireland and Europe in the Early Middle Ages</i>. Dublin: Four Courts. pp. <span class="nowrap">45–</span>60.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Native+Elements+in+Irish+Pseudo-History&rft.btitle=Cultural+Identity+and+Cultural+Integration%3A+Ireland+and+Europe+in+the+Early+Middle+Ages&rft.place=Dublin&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E45-%3C%2Fspan%3E60&rft.pub=Four+Courts&rft.date=1995&rft.aulast=Carey&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM%C3%ADl+Esp%C3%A1ine" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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"}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Gaels" title="Template:Gaels"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gaels" title="Template talk:Gaels"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Gaels" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Gaels"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Gaels223" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Gaels" title="Gaels">Gaels</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General history</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_Ireland" title="Gaelic Ireland">Gaelic Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Norman_invasion_Irish_Celtic_kinship_groups" class="mw-redirect" title="Pre-Norman invasion Irish Celtic kinship groups">Pre-Norman invasion Irish Celtic kinship groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_King_of_Ireland" title="High King of Ireland">High King of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish_kingdoms" title="List of Irish kingdoms">Irish kingdoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1l_Riata" title="Dál Riata">Dál Riata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Alba" title="Kingdom of Alba">Alba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine_Years%27_War_(Ireland)" title="Nine Years' War (Ireland)">Nine Years' War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statutes_of_Iona" title="Statutes of Iona">Statutes of Iona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flight_of_the_Earls" title="Flight of the Earls">Flight of the Earls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plantation_of_Ulster" title="Plantation of Ulster">Plantation of Ulster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Rebellion_of_1641" title="Irish Rebellion of 1641">1641 Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Act_for_the_Settlement_of_Ireland_1652" title="Act for the Settlement of Ireland 1652">Act for the Settlement of Ireland 1652</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacobitism" title="Jacobitism">Jacobitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacobite_rising_of_1745" title="Jacobite rising of 1745">Jacobite rising of 1745</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penal_laws_(Ireland)" title="Penal laws (Ireland)">Penal Laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Famine_(Ireland)" title="Great Famine (Ireland)">Great Hunger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_diaspora" title="Irish diaspora">Irish diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Clearances" title="Highland Clearances">Highland Clearances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_revival" title="Gaelic revival">Gaelic Revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaeltacht" title="Gaeltacht">Gaeltacht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A0idhealtachd" title="Gàidhealtachd">Gàidhealtachd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gaelic culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ogham" title="Ogham">Ogham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Irish_law" title="Early Irish law">Brehon law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_mythology" title="Irish mythology">Gaelic mythology</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lebor_Gab%C3%A1la_%C3%89renn" title="Lebor Gabála Érenn">Lebor Gabála Érenn</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_warfare" title="Gaelic warfare">Gaelic warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Irish_astrology" title="Early Irish astrology">Gaelic astrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_kinship" title="Irish kinship">Gaelic kinship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_bardic_poetry" title="Irish bardic poetry">Bardic poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_literature" title="Gaelic literature">Gaelic literature</a> (<a href="/wiki/Early_Irish_literature" title="Early Irish literature">Early Irish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Modern_literature_in_Irish" title="Modern literature in Irish">Modern Irish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_literature" title="Scottish Gaelic literature">Scottish Gaelic</a> & <a href="/wiki/Manx_literature" title="Manx literature">Manx</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_type" title="Gaelic type">Gaelic type</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insular_script" title="Insular script">Insular script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1inne" title="Fáinne">Fáinne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_folk_music" title="Gaelic folk music">Gaelic folk music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean-n%C3%B3s_singing" title="Sean-nós singing">Sean-nós singing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oireachtas_na_Gaeilge" title="Oireachtas na Gaeilge">Oireachtas na Gaeilge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_National_M%C3%B2d" title="Royal National Mòd">Am Mòd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_games" title="Gaelic games">Gaelic games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_games" title="Highland games">Highland games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BAath" title="Túath">Túath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Christianity" title="Celtic Christianity">Insular Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiberno-Scottish_mission" title="Hiberno-Scottish mission">Gaelic Christian mission</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Goidelic_languages" title="Goidelic languages">Language</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Primitive_Irish" title="Primitive Irish">Primitive Irish</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Old_Irish" title="Old Irish">Old Irish</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Middle_Irish" title="Middle Irish">Middle Irish</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Classical_Gaelic" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical Gaelic">Classical Gaelic</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manx_language" title="Manx language">Manx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic" title="Scottish Gaelic">Scottish Gaelic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Clans</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Irish21" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Irish_clans" title="Irish clans">Irish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_royal_families" title="Irish royal families">Royal families</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_Irish_kings" title="Lists of Irish kings">Kings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_medical_families" title="Irish medical families">Medical families</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_nobility_of_Ireland" title="Gaelic nobility of Ireland">Nobility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_genealogy" title="Irish genealogy">Genealogy</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="List28" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish_clans" title="List of Irish clans">List</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Connachta" title="Connachta">Connachta</a> (incl. <a href="/wiki/U%C3%AD_N%C3%A9ill" title="Uí Néill">Uí Néill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Airg%C3%ADalla" title="Airgíalla">Clan Colla</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clan_Donald" title="Clan Donald">Clan Donald</a>, <a href="/wiki/U%C3%AD_Mh%C3%A1ine" title="Uí Mháine">Uí Mháine</a>, etc)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalcassians" title="Dalcassians">Dalcassians</a> (incl. <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9isi" title="Déisi">Déisi</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/E%C3%B3ganachta" title="Eóganachta">Eóganachta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iverni" title="Iverni">Érainn</a> (incl. <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1l_Riata" title="Dál Riata">Dál Riata</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corcu_Lo%C3%ADgde" title="Corcu Loígde">Corcu Loígde</a>, <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1l_Fiatach" title="Dál Fiatach">Dál Fiatach</a>, etc)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laigin" title="Laigin">Laigin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulaid" title="Ulaid">Ulaid</a> (incl. <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1l_nAraidi" title="Dál nAraidi">Dál nAraidi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Conmaicne" title="Conmaicne">Conmaicne</a>, and <a href="/wiki/C%C3%ADarraige" title="Cíarraige">Cíarraige</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish_clans_in_Ulster" title="List of Irish clans in Ulster">Ulster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_clan" title="Scottish clan">Scottish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Scottish_clans" title="List of Scottish clans">List</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related<br />organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Adar%C3%A1s_na_Gaeltachta" title="Údarás na Gaeltachta">Údarás na Gaeltachta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foras_na_Gaeilge" title="Foras na Gaeilge">Foras na Gaeilge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B2rd_na_G%C3%A0idhlig" title="Bòrd na Gàidhlig">Bòrd na Gàidhlig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_Vannin" title="Culture Vannin">Culture Vannin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conradh_na_Gaeilge" title="Conradh na Gaeilge">Conradh na Gaeilge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/An_Comunn_G%C3%A0idhealach" title="An Comunn Gàidhealach">An Comunn Gàidhealach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yn_%C3%87heshaght_Ghailckagh" title="Yn Çheshaght Ghailckagh">Yn Çheshaght Ghailckagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seachtain_na_Gaeilge" title="Seachtain na Gaeilge">Seachtain na Gaeilge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gael_Linn" title="Gael Linn">Gael Linn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ULTACH_Trust" title="ULTACH Trust">ULTACH Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comunn_na_G%C3%A0idhlig" title="Comunn na Gàidhlig">Comunn na Gàidhlig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columba_Project" title="Columba Project">Columba Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clans_of_Ireland" title="Clans of Ireland">Clans of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/An_Coimisin%C3%A9ir_Teanga" title="An Coimisinéir Teanga">An Coimisinéir Teanga</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related subjects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haplogroup_R-M269" title="Haplogroup R-M269">Haplogroup R-M269</a> (<a href="/wiki/Genetic_history_of_the_British_Isles" title="Genetic history of the British Isles">human genetics</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celts" title="Celts">Celts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norse%E2%80%93Gaels" title="Norse–Gaels">Norse–Gaels</a> (incl. <a href="/wiki/U%C3%AD_%C3%8Dmair" title="Uí Ímair">Uí Ímair</a> and <a href="/wiki/Clan_MacLeod" title="Clan MacLeod">Clan MacLeod</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Munster" title="Kingdom of Munster">Kingdom of Munster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Isles" title="Kingdom of the Isles">Kingdom of the Isles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelicisation" title="Gaelicisation">Gaelicisation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Gaels" title="Category:Gaels">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Irish_mythology:_the_Mythological_Cycle199" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#c1e6c1;;background:#90db90;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Irish_mythology_(mythological)" title="Template:Irish mythology (mythological)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Irish_mythology_(mythological)" title="Template talk:Irish mythology (mythological)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Irish_mythology_(mythological)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Irish mythology (mythological)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Irish_mythology:_the_Mythological_Cycle199" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Irish_mythology" title="Irish mythology">Irish mythology</a>: the <a href="/wiki/Mythological_Cycle" title="Mythological Cycle">Mythological Cycle</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#c1e6c1;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Celtic_deities" title="List of Celtic deities">Supernatural<br />figures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#c1e6c1;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tuatha_D%C3%A9_Danann" title="Tuatha Dé Danann">Tuatha Dé<br />Danann</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abc%C3%A1n" title="Abcán">Abcán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aed_(god)" title="Aed (god)">Aed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aengus" title="Aengus">Aengus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anu_(Irish_goddess)" title="Anu (Irish goddess)">Anu</a>-<a href="/wiki/Danu_(Irish_goddess)" title="Danu (Irish goddess)">Danu</a>-<a href="/wiki/Danand" title="Danand">Danand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81ine" title="Áine">Áine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1n%C3%A1nach" title="Bánánach">Bánánach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9_Chuille" title="Bé Chuille">Bé Chuille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9%E1%B8%83inn" title="Béḃinn">Béḃinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boann" title="Boann">Boann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodb_Derg" title="Bodb Derg">Bodb Derg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bres" title="Bres">Bres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_(mythology)" title="Brian (mythology)">Brian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigid" title="Brigid">Brigid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cermait" title="Cermait">Cermait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cian" title="Cian">Cian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%ADodhna" title="Clíodhna">Clídna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dagda" title="The Dagda">Dagda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delb%C3%A1eth" title="Delbáeth">Delbáeth</a>-<a href="/wiki/Tuireann" title="Tuireann">Tuirenn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dian_Cecht" title="Dian Cecht">Dian Cecht</a>-<a href="/wiki/Miach" title="Miach">Miach</a>-<a href="/wiki/Airmed" title="Airmed">Airmed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecne" title="Ecne">Ecne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernmas" title="Ernmas">Ernmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ta%C3%ADn" title="Étaín">Étaín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89riu" title="Ériu">Ériu</a>-<a href="/wiki/Banba" title="Banba">Banba</a>-<a href="/wiki/F%C3%B3dla" title="Fódla">Fódla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiacha_mac_Delba%C3%ADth" title="Fiacha mac Delbaíth">Fiacha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flidais" title="Flidais">Flidais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuamnach" title="Fuamnach">Fuamnach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9n" title="Lén">Lén</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lir" title="Lir">Lir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lugh" title="Lugh">Lug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_Gr%C3%A9ine" title="Mac Gréine">Mac Gréine</a>-<a href="/wiki/Mac_Cuill" title="Mac Cuill">Mac Cuill</a>-<a href="/wiki/Mac_Cecht" title="Mac Cecht">Mac Cecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macha" title="Macha">Macha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manann%C3%A1n_mac_Lir" title="Manannán mac Lir">Manannán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midir" title="Midir">Midir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Morr%C3%ADgan" title="The Morrígan">Morrígan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Badb" title="Badb">Badb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nemain" title="Nemain">Nemain</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neit" title="Neit">Neit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuada_Airgetl%C3%A1m" title="Nuada Airgetlám">Nuada</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nechtan_(mythology)" title="Nechtan (mythology)">Nechtan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elcmar" title="Elcmar">Elcmar</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogma" title="Ogma">Ogma</a></li> <li>Trí Dé Dána (<a href="/wiki/Goibniu" title="Goibniu">Goibniu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Creidhne" title="Creidhne">Credne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luchtaine" title="Luchtaine">Luchta</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#c1e6c1;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fomorians" title="Fomorians">Fomhoraigh</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balor" title="Balor">Balor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bres" title="Bres">Bres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cethlenn" title="Cethlenn">Cethlenn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cichol_Gricenchos" title="Cichol Gricenchos">Cichol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conand_(mythology)" title="Conand (mythology)">Conand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elatha" title="Elatha">Elatha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethniu" title="Ethniu">Ethniu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tethra" title="Tethra">Tethra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#c1e6c1;;width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cailleach" title="Cailleach">Caillech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carman" title="Carman">Carman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crom_Cruach" title="Crom Cruach">Crom Cruach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donn" title="Donn">Donn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mug_Ruith" title="Mug Ruith">Mug Ruith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tailtiu" title="Tailtiu">Tailtiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tlachtga" title="Tlachtga">Tlachtga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuan_mac_Cairill" title="Tuan mac Cairill">Tuan mac Cairill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#c1e6c1;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lebor_Gab%C3%A1la_%C3%89renn" title="Lebor Gabála Érenn">Settlers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cessair" title="Cessair">Cesair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthol%C3%B3n" title="Partholón">Partholón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemed" title="Nemed">Nemed</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#c1e6c1;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fir_Bolg" title="Fir Bolg">Fir Bolg</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aonghus_mac_%C3%9Amh%C3%B3r" title="Aonghus mac Úmhór">Aengus mac Umor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eochaid_mac_Eirc" title="Eochaid mac Eirc">Eochaid mac Eirc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiacha_Cennfinn%C3%A1n" title="Fiacha Cennfinnán">Fiacha Cennfinnán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fodbgen" title="Fodbgen">Fodbgen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gann_mac_Dela" title="Gann mac Dela">Gann</a>-<a href="/wiki/Genann" title="Genann">Genann</a>-<a href="/wiki/Sengann_mac_Dela" title="Sengann mac Dela">Sengann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rinnal" title="Rinnal">Rinnal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudraige_mac_Dela" title="Rudraige mac Dela">Rudraige</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sl%C3%A1ine_mac_Dela" title="Sláine mac Dela">Sláine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sreng" title="Sreng">Sreng</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#c1e6c1;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Milesians_(Irish)" title="Milesians (Irish)">Milesians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amergin_Gl%C3%BAingel" title="Amergin Glúingel">Amergin Glúingel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breog%C3%A1n" title="Breogán">Breogán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ber_Donn" title="Éber Donn">Éber Donn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eber_Finn" title="Eber Finn">Éber Finn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89rim%C3%B3n" title="Érimón">Érimón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9nius_Farsaid" title="Fénius Farsaid">Fénius Farsaid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go%C3%ADdel_Glas" title="Goídel Glas">Goídel Glas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A1mfhind" title="Lámfhind">Lámfhind</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Míl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scota" title="Scota">Scota</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#c1e6c1;;width:1%">Creatures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aos_S%C3%AD" title="Aos Sí">Aes Síde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enbarr" title="Enbarr">Enbarr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Failinis" title="Failinis">Failinis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glas_Gaibhnenn" title="Glas Gaibhnenn">Glas Gaibhnenn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#c1e6c1;;width:1%">Items</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lugh#Areadbhar" title="Lugh">Areadbhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Treasures_of_the_Tuatha_D%C3%A9_Danann" title="Four Treasures of the Tuatha Dé Danann">Four Treasures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fragarach" title="Fragarach">Fragarach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BAin_of_Celtchar" title="Lúin of Celtchar">Lúin of Celtchar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uaithne" title="Uaithne">Uaithne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#c1e6c1;;width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Otherworld" title="Celtic Otherworld">Otherworld</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mag_Mell" title="Mag Mell">Mag Mell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%ADr_na_n%C3%93g" title="Tír na nÓg">Tír na nÓg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donn" title="Donn">Tech Duinn</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Br%C3%BA_na_B%C3%B3inne" title="Brú na Bóinne">Brú na Bóinne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connla%27s_Well" class="mw-redirect" title="Connla's Well">Connla's Well</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emain_Ablach" title="Emain Ablach">Emain Ablach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fintan%27s_Grave" title="Fintan's Grave">Fintan's Grave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hill_of_Tara" title="Hill of Tara">Teamhair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tory_Island" title="Tory Island">Toraigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hill_of_Uisneach" title="Hill of Uisneach">Uisneach</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#c1e6c1;;width:1%">Texts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lebor_Gab%C3%A1la_%C3%89renn" title="Lebor Gabála Érenn">Lebor Gabála Érenn</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cath_Maige_Tuired" title="Cath Maige Tuired">Cath Maige Tuired</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tochmarc_%C3%89ta%C3%ADne" title="Tochmarc Étaíne">Tochmarc Étaíne</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Children_of_Lir" title="Children of Lir">Aided Chlainne Lir</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brian_(mythology)" title="Brian (mythology)">Aided Chlainne Tuirenn</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Voyage_of_Bran" title="The Voyage of Bran">Immram Brain</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dindsenchas" title="Dindsenchas">Dindsenchas</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#c1e6c1;"><div><i>part of a series on <a href="/wiki/Celtic_mythology" title="Celtic mythology">Celtic mythology</a></i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Legendary_progenitors956" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Legendary_progenitors" title="Template:Legendary progenitors"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Legendary_progenitors" title="Template talk:Legendary progenitors"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Legendary_progenitors" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Legendary progenitors"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Legendary_progenitors956" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Legendary_progenitor" title="Legendary progenitor">Legendary progenitors</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#f7f7f7;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hayk" title="Hayk">Hayk</a> (<a href="/wiki/Armenians" title="Armenians">Armenians</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manu_(Hinduism)" title="Manu (Hinduism)">Manu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mannus" title="Mannus">Mannus</a> (German)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manu_and_Yemo" class="mw-redirect" title="Manu and Yemo">Manu and Yemo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_mythology" title="Proto-Indo-European mythology">Indo European</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam" title="Adam">Adam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enoch_(ancestor_of_Noah)" class="mw-redirect" title="Enoch (ancestor of Noah)">Enoch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Noah" title="Noah">Noah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abraham" title="Abraham">Abraham</a> (<a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samaale" title="Samaale">Samaale</a> (<a href="/wiki/Somalis" class="mw-redirect" title="Somalis">Somali</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qais_Abdur_Rashid" title="Qais Abdur Rashid">Qais Abdur Rashid</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pashtuns" title="Pashtuns">Pashtun</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deucalion" title="Deucalion">Deucalion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pyrrha_of_Thessaly" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyrrha of Thessaly">Pyrrha</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ask_and_Embla" title="Ask and Embla">Ask and Embla</a> (<a href="/wiki/Norse_mythology" title="Norse mythology">Norse mythology</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kintu" title="Kintu">Kintu</a> (Uganda)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mashya_and_Mashyana" title="Mashya and Mashyana">Mashya and Mashyana</a> (<a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism" title="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrianism</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyatri_Tsenpo" title="Nyatri Tsenpo">Nyatri Tsenpo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Buddhism" title="Tibetan Buddhism">Tibetan Buddhism</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_Emperor" title="Yellow Emperor">Yellow Emperor</a> (<a href="/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucianism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoism</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wurugag_and_Waramurungundi" title="Wurugag and Waramurungundi">Wurugag and Waramurungundi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australian</a> <a href="/wiki/Gunwinggu" class="mw-redirect" title="Gunwinggu">Gunwinggu</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Míl Espáine </a> (<a href="/wiki/Irish_people" title="Irish people">Irish</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kartlos" title="Kartlos">Kartlos</a> (<a href="/wiki/Georgians" title="Georgians">Georgians</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asena" title="Asena">Asena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oghuz_Khagan" title="Oghuz Khagan">Oghuz Khagan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Turkic_peoples" title="Turkic peoples">Turks</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adnan" title="Adnan">Adnan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Qahtan" class="mw-redirect" title="Qahtan">Qahtan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arabs" title="Arabs">Arabs</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunor_and_Magor" title="Hunor and Magor">Hunor and Magor</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hungarians" title="Hungarians">Hungarians</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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