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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Urban Spatial Structure</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">699 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Urban Spatial Structure</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Urban_Spatial_Structure">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_47738987" data-work_id="47738987" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/47738987/SPATIAL_DISTRIBUTION_OF_HIGH_RISE_BUILDINGS_IN_HANOI_CITY_INNER">SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS IN HANOI CITY INNER</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">High-rise buildings are an inevitable development trend of all cities with highdensity population. Ha Noi is a developing city with strong urbanization rate. High-rise buildings have appeared since the late 20th century and are... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_47738987" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">High-rise buildings are an inevitable development trend of all cities with highdensity population. Ha Noi is a developing city with strong urbanization rate. High-rise buildings have appeared since the late 20th century and are increasingly being built at a rapid speed. The article is based on aggregated data on high-rise buildings to analyze the distribution of high-rise buildings in Hanoi, thereby assessing the trend and development orientation for high-rise buildings in Hanoi.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/47738987" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d4def8d9d8151c70ef2000446cf98a3c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66683677,"asset_id":47738987,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66683677/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="39122404" href="https://iaeme.academia.edu/publication">IAEME Publication</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="39122404" type="text/json">{"id":39122404,"first_name":"IAEME","last_name":"Publication","domain_name":"iaeme","page_name":"publication","display_name":"IAEME Publication","profile_url":"https://iaeme.academia.edu/publication?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/39122404/12178523/13563629/s65_iaeme.publication.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_47738987 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="47738987"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 47738987, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_47738987", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_47738987 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 47738987; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_47738987"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_47738987 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="47738987"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 47738987; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=47738987]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_47738987").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_47738987").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="47738987"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="70030" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Use_Planning">Land Use Planning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="70030" type="text/json">{"id":70030,"name":"Land Use Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Use_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="212799" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hanoi">Hanoi</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="212799" type="text/json">{"id":212799,"name":"Hanoi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hanoi?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3957281" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iaeme_Ijaret-1">Iaeme Ijaret</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3957281" type="text/json">{"id":3957281,"name":"Iaeme Ijaret","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iaeme_Ijaret-1?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=47738987]'), work: {"id":47738987,"title":"SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS IN HANOI CITY INNER","created_at":"2021-04-26T00:18:15.888-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/47738987/SPATIAL_DISTRIBUTION_OF_HIGH_RISE_BUILDINGS_IN_HANOI_CITY_INNER?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_47738987","summary":"High-rise buildings are an inevitable development trend of all cities with highdensity population. Ha Noi is a developing city with strong urbanization rate. High-rise buildings have appeared since the late 20th century and are increasingly being built at a rapid speed. The article is based on aggregated data on high-rise buildings to analyze the distribution of high-rise buildings in Hanoi, thereby assessing the trend and development orientation for high-rise buildings in Hanoi.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66683677,"asset_id":47738987,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":39122404,"first_name":"IAEME","last_name":"Publication","domain_name":"iaeme","page_name":"publication","display_name":"IAEME Publication","profile_url":"https://iaeme.academia.edu/publication?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/39122404/12178523/13563629/s65_iaeme.publication.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":70030,"name":"Land Use Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Use_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":212799,"name":"Hanoi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hanoi?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":3957281,"name":"Iaeme Ijaret","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iaeme_Ijaret-1?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9449150" data-work_id="9449150" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9449150/On_the_nature_of_spatial_context">On the nature of spatial context</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The topic of the present paper is spatial context, its complexity and multi-value. It is an attempt to incline to go beyond the location-oriented understanding of the basic notion, beyond the obvious and the perceptive features to the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9449150" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The topic of the present paper is spatial context, its complexity and multi-value. It is an attempt to incline to go beyond the location-oriented understanding of the basic notion, beyond the obvious and the perceptive features to the psychological or ideological spheres. Grasping the differentiated manifestations of the spatial context allows us to state that its form is impermanent and intangible. Hence the proposal to reflect the context through conventional features, which, according to the author, become the proper point of departure for every redefinition of the concepts resulting from the undertaken designing steps.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9449150" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="18a18936f196fa8066a48f0106c74b77" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35688011,"asset_id":9449150,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35688011/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="20524502" href="https://zut.academia.edu/RobertBarelkowski">Robert K . Barelkowski</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="20524502" type="text/json">{"id":20524502,"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Barelkowski","domain_name":"zut","page_name":"RobertBarelkowski","display_name":"Robert K . Barelkowski","profile_url":"https://zut.academia.edu/RobertBarelkowski?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20524502/6408046/7248832/s65_robert.barelkowski.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9449150 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9449150"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9449150, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9449150", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_9449150 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9449150; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_9449150"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_9449150 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9449150"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9449150; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9449150]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9449150").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9449150").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9449150"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14640" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architectural_Theory">Architectural Theory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14640" type="text/json">{"id":14640,"name":"Architectural Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architectural_Theory?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16693" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theory_Of_Architecture">Theory Of Architecture</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16693" type="text/json">{"id":16693,"name":"Theory Of Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theory_Of_Architecture?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="61738" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architectural_Design">Architectural Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="61738" type="text/json">{"id":61738,"name":"Architectural Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architectural_Design?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9449150]'), work: {"id":9449150,"title":"On the nature of spatial context","created_at":"2014-11-22T19:07:29.509-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9449150/On_the_nature_of_spatial_context?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_9449150","summary":"The topic of the present paper is spatial context, its complexity and multi-value. It is an attempt to incline to go beyond the location-oriented understanding of the basic notion, beyond the obvious and the perceptive features to the psychological or ideological spheres. Grasping the differentiated manifestations of the spatial context allows us to state that its form is impermanent and intangible. Hence the proposal to reflect the context through conventional features, which, according to the author, become the proper point of departure for every redefinition of the concepts resulting from the undertaken designing steps.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35688011,"asset_id":9449150,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":20524502,"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Barelkowski","domain_name":"zut","page_name":"RobertBarelkowski","display_name":"Robert K . Barelkowski","profile_url":"https://zut.academia.edu/RobertBarelkowski?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20524502/6408046/7248832/s65_robert.barelkowski.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":14640,"name":"Architectural Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architectural_Theory?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":16693,"name":"Theory Of Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theory_Of_Architecture?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":61738,"name":"Architectural Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architectural_Design?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11778833" data-work_id="11778833" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11778833/Neighbourhood_Change_and_Deprivation_in_the_Greater_Manchester_City_region">Neighbourhood Change and Deprivation in the Greater Manchester City-region</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">There is a long lineage in neighbourhood research that has underpinned sustained academic and policy interest in the UK centred on understanding how spatial ‘clusters’ of neighbourhood-based deprivation might be destabilised. This has... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11778833" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">There is a long lineage in neighbourhood research that has underpinned sustained academic and policy interest in the UK centred on understanding how spatial ‘clusters’ of neighbourhood-based deprivation might be destabilised. This has seen the privileging of composite indices in the analysis of deprivation which have been criticised for fostering a common perception that deprived neighbourhoods are homogeneous in terms of their compositions and underlying structures. Such indices have also been criticised for being ineffective at capturing temporal change, providing only static snapshots of deprivation at particular points in time. This paper focuses on patterns of deprived neighbourhood change in the Greater Manchester city-region between 2001 and 2007. It develops a typology of neighbourhood change that is triangulated with three complementary typologies capturing the socioeconomic and demographic compositions of deprived neighbourhoods; the functional roles played by deprived neighbourhoods in redistributing population through migration; and the spatial contexts in which deprived neighbourhoods are located. The analysis reveals that an over reliance on static indices to measure deprivation has long-served to conceal complexities in the way that deprived neighbourhoods change, owing to their variable structures and contexts. It illustrates the danger that lies in treating all deprived neighbourhoods in the same way.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11778833" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1d5090347a4fcdcbdea9d72318405011" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37198623,"asset_id":11778833,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37198623/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24276181" href="https://manchester.academia.edu/StephenHincks">Stephen Hincks</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24276181" type="text/json">{"id":24276181,"first_name":"Stephen","last_name":"Hincks","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"StephenHincks","display_name":"Stephen Hincks","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/StephenHincks?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24276181/6557759/7414554/s65_stephen.hincks.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11778833 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11778833"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11778833, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11778833", }); 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This has seen the privileging of composite indices in the analysis of deprivation which have been criticised for fostering a common perception that deprived neighbourhoods are homogeneous in terms of their compositions and underlying structures. Such indices have also been criticised for being ineffective at capturing temporal change, providing only static snapshots of deprivation at particular points in time. This paper focuses on patterns of deprived neighbourhood change in the Greater Manchester city-region between 2001 and 2007. It develops a typology of neighbourhood change that is triangulated with three complementary typologies capturing the socioeconomic and demographic compositions of deprived neighbourhoods; the functional roles played by deprived neighbourhoods in redistributing population through migration; and the spatial contexts in which deprived neighbourhoods are located. The analysis reveals that an over reliance on static indices to measure deprivation has long-served to conceal complexities in the way that deprived neighbourhoods change, owing to their variable structures and contexts. It illustrates the danger that lies in treating all deprived neighbourhoods in the same way.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37198623,"asset_id":11778833,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24276181,"first_name":"Stephen","last_name":"Hincks","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"StephenHincks","display_name":"Stephen Hincks","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/StephenHincks?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24276181/6557759/7414554/s65_stephen.hincks.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":262,"name":"Human Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Geography?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":277,"name":"Urban Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Geography?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":1362,"name":"Spatial Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Analysis?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":1785,"name":"Public 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Ha Noi is a developing city with strong urbanization rate. High-rise buildings have appeared since the late 20th century and are... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_48962178" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">High-rise buildings are an inevitable development trend of all cities with high- density population. Ha Noi is a developing city with strong urbanization rate. High-rise buildings have appeared since the late 20th century and are increasingly being built at a rapid speed. The article is based on aggregated data on high-rise buildings to analyze the distribution of high-rise buildings in Hanoi, thereby assessing the trend and development orientation for high-rise buildings in Hanoi</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48962178" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="49bab60b6bc6141398b66cda03cb8084" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67356185,"asset_id":48962178,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67356185/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="39122404" href="https://iaeme.academia.edu/publication">IAEME Publication</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="39122404" type="text/json">{"id":39122404,"first_name":"IAEME","last_name":"Publication","domain_name":"iaeme","page_name":"publication","display_name":"IAEME Publication","profile_url":"https://iaeme.academia.edu/publication?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/39122404/12178523/13563629/s65_iaeme.publication.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_48962178 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="48962178"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 48962178, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_48962178", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48962178]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_48962178").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_48962178").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="48962178"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="70030" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Use_Planning">Land Use Planning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="70030" type="text/json">{"id":70030,"name":"Land Use Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Use_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="212799" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hanoi">Hanoi</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="212799" type="text/json">{"id":212799,"name":"Hanoi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hanoi?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3957281" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iaeme_Ijaret-1">Iaeme Ijaret</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3957281" type="text/json">{"id":3957281,"name":"Iaeme Ijaret","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iaeme_Ijaret-1?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48962178]'), work: {"id":48962178,"title":"SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS IN HANOI CITY INNER","created_at":"2021-05-17T22:08:49.571-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48962178/SPATIAL_DISTRIBUTION_OF_HIGH_RISE_BUILDINGS_IN_HANOI_CITY_INNER?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_48962178","summary":"High-rise buildings are an inevitable development trend of all cities with high- density population. Ha Noi is a developing city with strong urbanization rate. High-rise buildings have appeared since the late 20th century and are increasingly being built at a rapid speed. The article is based on aggregated data on high-rise buildings to analyze the distribution of high-rise buildings in Hanoi, thereby assessing the trend and development orientation for high-rise buildings in Hanoi","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67356185,"asset_id":48962178,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":39122404,"first_name":"IAEME","last_name":"Publication","domain_name":"iaeme","page_name":"publication","display_name":"IAEME Publication","profile_url":"https://iaeme.academia.edu/publication?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/39122404/12178523/13563629/s65_iaeme.publication.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":70030,"name":"Land Use Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Use_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":212799,"name":"Hanoi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hanoi?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":3957281,"name":"Iaeme Ijaret","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iaeme_Ijaret-1?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35493875" data-work_id="35493875" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35493875/Urban_Spatial_Structure_Theory_and_Phenomenon">Urban Spatial Structure -Theory and Phenomenon</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Theory Urban structure is the arrangement of land use in urban areas. Sociologists, economists, and geographers have developed several models, explaining where different types of people and businesses tend to exist within the urban... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35493875" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Theory Urban structure is the arrangement of land use in urban areas. Sociologists, economists, and geographers have developed several models, explaining where different types of people and businesses tend to exist within the urban setting.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35493875" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="69251303eb4c747cfe7c027e3bce65c8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55356924,"asset_id":35493875,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55356924/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="29844226" href="https://zju.academia.edu/RoosmayriLovina">Roosmayri L . 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u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6083126/CITIES_OF_INTIMACY_THE_CASE_OF_MEDIEVAL_AHMEDABAD">CITIES OF INTIMACY: THE CASE OF MEDIEVAL AHMEDABAD</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6083126" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0db7c0604eacf32331c4c99f98639be2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33000263,"asset_id":6083126,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33000263/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7267939" href="https://independent.academia.edu/riyaztayyibji">riyaz tayyibji</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7267939" type="text/json">{"id":7267939,"first_name":"riyaz","last_name":"tayyibji","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"riyaztayyibji","display_name":"riyaz 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Urbanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Cities_and_Urbanism?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="137832" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ahmedabad">Ahmedabad</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="137832" type="text/json">{"id":137832,"name":"Ahmedabad","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ahmedabad?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6083126]'), work: {"id":6083126,"title":"CITIES OF INTIMACY: THE CASE OF MEDIEVAL AHMEDABAD","created_at":"2014-02-15T00:00:41.243-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6083126/CITIES_OF_INTIMACY_THE_CASE_OF_MEDIEVAL_AHMEDABAD?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_6083126","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33000263,"asset_id":6083126,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7267939,"first_name":"riyaz","last_name":"tayyibji","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"riyaztayyibji","display_name":"riyaz tayyibji","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/riyaztayyibji?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7267939/2919390/25551303/s65_riyaz.tayyibji.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":96505,"name":"Informal Urbanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Informal_Urbanism?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":128072,"name":"Medieval Cities and 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BUCHAREST CITY CENTER</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Each day, Planet Earth's motorists drive their 737 million personal motor vehicles (PMVs) a total of 30 billion kilometers (18 billion miles), creating 60 billion passenger kilometers travelled, and by the end of the year a total of 10... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37653001" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Each day, Planet Earth's motorists drive their 737 million personal motor vehicles (PMVs) a total of 30 billion kilometers (18 billion miles), creating 60 billion passenger kilometers travelled, and by the end of the year a total of 10 trillion kilometers (6 trillion miles) and 20 trillion passenger kilometers of travel have been recorded on their odometers. [1] The challenge facing urban planners and politicians in many European towns and cities is that of balancing the demand for increasing personal mobility and economic growth, with the need to respect the environment and provide an acceptable quality of life for all citizens. This paper presents a study case on Bucharest, the capital of Romania, with its particularities regarding transportation issues in the center of the city (traffic flows, congestions, noise, pollution, traffic accidents) and solutions to improve the current state. Linking to the historical evolution of the area and to the built environment and urban tissue characteristics, a strategic vision for local development is further presented. The purpose of this strategic vision for local development is to reunite the socioeconomic objectives formulated in the urban action zones, with city wide and country wide priorities and with the changes that are currently taking place in the dynamics of spatial, economic and social Bucharest. This strategy for the central area of Bucharest is based on the needs and potential analysis, but has also integrated approach principles learned from programs, policies and documents proposed and adopted in the European Union or in the member states, with key issues like places with character, enrichment of the existent place, re-connection, working with the landscape, management investment and design for change.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37653001" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dec6b5d63d47af54249936e69ca2dcce" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57639827,"asset_id":37653001,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57639827/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2666315" href="https://utcb.academia.edu/AlinaBurlacu">Florentina-Alina Burlacu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2666315" type="text/json">{"id":2666315,"first_name":"Florentina-Alina","last_name":"Burlacu","domain_name":"utcb","page_name":"AlinaBurlacu","display_name":"Florentina-Alina Burlacu","profile_url":"https://utcb.academia.edu/AlinaBurlacu?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2666315/851621/20840204/s65_alina.burlacu.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37653001 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37653001"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37653001, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37653001", }); 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[1] The challenge facing urban planners and politicians in many European towns and cities is that of balancing the demand for increasing personal mobility and economic growth, with the need to respect the environment and provide an acceptable quality of life for all citizens. This paper presents a study case on Bucharest, the capital of Romania, with its particularities regarding transportation issues in the center of the city (traffic flows, congestions, noise, pollution, traffic accidents) and solutions to improve the current state. Linking to the historical evolution of the area and to the built environment and urban tissue characteristics, a strategic vision for local development is further presented. The purpose of this strategic vision for local development is to reunite the socioeconomic objectives formulated in the urban action zones, with city wide and country wide priorities and with the changes that are currently taking place in the dynamics of spatial, economic and social Bucharest. This strategy for the central area of Bucharest is based on the needs and potential analysis, but has also integrated approach principles learned from programs, policies and documents proposed and adopted in the European Union or in the member states, with key issues like places with character, enrichment of the existent place, re-connection, working with the landscape, management investment and design for change.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57639827,"asset_id":37653001,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2666315,"first_name":"Florentina-Alina","last_name":"Burlacu","domain_name":"utcb","page_name":"AlinaBurlacu","display_name":"Florentina-Alina Burlacu","profile_url":"https://utcb.academia.edu/AlinaBurlacu?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2666315/851621/20840204/s65_alina.burlacu.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2358,"name":"Road safety","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Road_safety?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":9437,"name":"Urbanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urbanism?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":27181,"name":"Urban Design (Urban Studies)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Design_Urban_Studies_?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":28849,"name":"Urban Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Development?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":54259,"name":"Cities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cities?f_ri=169916"},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916"},{"id":238585,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure and Urban Strategic Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure_and_Urban_Strategic_Planning?f_ri=169916"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 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href="https://ritsumeikan-apu.academia.edu/TawhidMonzur">Tawhid Monzur</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="827092" type="text/json">{"id":827092,"first_name":"Tawhid","last_name":"Monzur","domain_name":"ritsumeikan-apu","page_name":"TawhidMonzur","display_name":"Tawhid Monzur","profile_url":"https://ritsumeikan-apu.academia.edu/TawhidMonzur?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/827092/288423/342555/s65_tawhid.monzur.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17629869 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17629869"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17629869, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17629869", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_17629869 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17629869]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_17629869").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_17629869").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="17629869"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4808" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning">Urban Planning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4808" type="text/json">{"id":4808,"name":"Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7725" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Studies">Urban Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7725" type="text/json">{"id":7725,"name":"Urban Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Studies?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20436" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_And_Regional_Planning">Urban And Regional Planning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="20436" type="text/json">{"id":20436,"name":"Urban And Regional Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_And_Regional_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial 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calculation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">This paper explains the calculation procedure of Global spatial Auto-correlation</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17629841" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f7a6437d2398ece310d1589c310b2e1e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39624255,"asset_id":17629841,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen 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style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="17629841"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15198" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Statistics">Spatial Statistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15198" type="text/json">{"id":15198,"name":"Spatial Statistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Statistics?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="49545" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Development_and_Urban_Sprawl">Urban Spatial Development and Urban Sprawl</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="49545" type="text/json">{"id":49545,"name":"Urban Spatial Development and Urban Sprawl","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Development_and_Urban_Sprawl?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="82549" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/GIS_and_Spatial_Planning">GIS and Spatial Planning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="82549" type="text/json">{"id":82549,"name":"GIS and Spatial Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/GIS_and_Spatial_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=17629841]'), work: {"id":17629841,"title":"Global Moran's I calculation","created_at":"2015-11-02T17:24:36.874-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/17629841/Global_Morans_I_calculation?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_17629841","summary":"This paper explains the calculation procedure of Global spatial Auto-correlation ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39624255,"asset_id":17629841,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":827092,"first_name":"Tawhid","last_name":"Monzur","domain_name":"ritsumeikan-apu","page_name":"TawhidMonzur","display_name":"Tawhid Monzur","profile_url":"https://ritsumeikan-apu.academia.edu/TawhidMonzur?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/827092/288423/342555/s65_tawhid.monzur.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":15198,"name":"Spatial Statistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Statistics?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":49545,"name":"Urban Spatial Development and Urban Sprawl","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Development_and_Urban_Sprawl?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":82549,"name":"GIS and Spatial Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/GIS_and_Spatial_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_16783504" data-work_id="16783504" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/16783504/Konspekt_dysertacji_doktorskiej_Relacje_mi%C4%99dzy_nowoczesnymi_technologiami_a_strukturami_przestrzennymi_metropolii">Konspekt dysertacji doktorskiej: Relacje między nowoczesnymi technologiami a strukturami przestrzennymi metropolii</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Celem pracy doktorskiej jest oryginalna odpowiedź na postawione pytania badawcze. Wielu pytań, na które nie ma jeszcze odpowiedzi, dostarczają nam bieżące innowacje i wynalazki w dziedzinie techniki i technologii. Precyzyjnie sformułowany... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_16783504" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Celem pracy doktorskiej jest oryginalna odpowiedź na postawione pytania badawcze. Wielu pytań, na które nie ma jeszcze odpowiedzi, dostarczają nam bieżące innowacje i wynalazki w dziedzinie techniki i technologii. Precyzyjnie sformułowany tytuł pracy naukowej stanowi esencję jej tematyki. Tematem proponowanej pracy doktorskiej jest zbadanie relacji po-między nowoczesnymi technologiami a strukturami przestrzennymi,6 czyli w jaki sposób oddziałują na siebie wzajemnie. W pracy używa się pojęć przestrzennych struktur: społecznych, ekonomicznych, fizycznych (przyroda ożywiona i nieożywiona oraz zagospodarowanie, czyli środowisko zbudowane) i użytkowych (tzw. funkcjonalnych – użytkowanie terenu). Opis tego oddziaływania jest wynikiem interdyscyplinarnego podejścia do tematu, łącząc ze sobą aspekty przestrzenne, społeczno-ekonomiczne oraz przyrodnicze. Nowoczesne technologie w kontekście pracy rozumiane są, jako wszechobecne technologie obsługiwane przez użytkownika końcowego systemu infrastruktury komunikacyjnej i transportowej. Elementy te można podzielić wg aktorów poszczególnych etapów, od producenta przez dostawcę po użytkownika końcowe-go danej technologii lub usługi technicznej. Badane w pracy technologie najbliższe są właśnie użytkownikowi końcowemu. Podstawowym aspektem dla poruszanego tematu pracy badawczej jest środowisko zbudowane w kontekście tzw. społecznego wytwarzania przestrzeni (Lefebvre, 1974). W związku z powyższym celem pracy doktorskiej jest wykrycie istotnych obustronnych relacji pomiędzy ujawniającymi się wszechobecnymi nowoczesnymi technologiami a społecznym kreowaniem środowiska zbudowanego.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/16783504" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f48e6aed55a743a511e1d80a28a9d0b9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39180473,"asset_id":16783504,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39180473/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11829828" href="https://gda.academia.edu/PiotrSmolnicki">Piotr M SMOLNICKI</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11829828" type="text/json">{"id":11829828,"first_name":"Piotr","last_name":"SMOLNICKI","domain_name":"gda","page_name":"PiotrSmolnicki","display_name":"Piotr M SMOLNICKI","profile_url":"https://gda.academia.edu/PiotrSmolnicki?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11829828/3412745/17644083/s65_piotr_marek.smolnicki.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_16783504 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="16783504"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 16783504, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_16783504", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=16783504]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_16783504").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_16783504").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="16783504"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="36997" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emerging_Technologies">Emerging Technologies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="36997" type="text/json">{"id":36997,"name":"Emerging Technologies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emerging_Technologies?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="84688" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Autonomous_Vehicles">Autonomous Vehicles</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="84688" type="text/json">{"id":84688,"name":"Autonomous Vehicles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Autonomous_Vehicles?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="977205" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transformation_of_Spatial_Structure">Transformation of Spatial Structure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="977205" type="text/json">{"id":977205,"name":"Transformation of Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transformation_of_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=16783504]'), work: {"id":16783504,"title":"Konspekt dysertacji doktorskiej: Relacje między nowoczesnymi technologiami a strukturami przestrzennymi metropolii","created_at":"2015-10-14T07:50:21.624-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/16783504/Konspekt_dysertacji_doktorskiej_Relacje_mi%C4%99dzy_nowoczesnymi_technologiami_a_strukturami_przestrzennymi_metropolii?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_16783504","summary":"Celem pracy doktorskiej jest oryginalna odpowiedź na postawione pytania badawcze. Wielu pytań, na które nie ma jeszcze odpowiedzi, dostarczają nam bieżące innowacje i wynalazki w dziedzinie techniki i technologii. Precyzyjnie sformułowany tytuł pracy naukowej stanowi esencję jej tematyki. Tematem proponowanej pracy doktorskiej jest zbadanie relacji po-między nowoczesnymi technologiami a strukturami przestrzennymi,6 czyli w jaki sposób oddziałują na siebie wzajemnie. W pracy używa się pojęć przestrzennych struktur: społecznych, ekonomicznych, fizycznych (przyroda ożywiona i nieożywiona oraz zagospodarowanie, czyli środowisko zbudowane) i użytkowych (tzw. funkcjonalnych – użytkowanie terenu). Opis tego oddziaływania jest wynikiem interdyscyplinarnego podejścia do tematu, łącząc ze sobą aspekty przestrzenne, społeczno-ekonomiczne oraz przyrodnicze. Nowoczesne technologie w kontekście pracy rozumiane są, jako wszechobecne technologie obsługiwane przez użytkownika końcowego systemu infrastruktury komunikacyjnej i transportowej. Elementy te można podzielić wg aktorów poszczególnych etapów, od producenta przez dostawcę po użytkownika końcowe-go danej technologii lub usługi technicznej. Badane w pracy technologie najbliższe są właśnie użytkownikowi końcowemu. Podstawowym aspektem dla poruszanego tematu pracy badawczej jest środowisko zbudowane w kontekście tzw. społecznego wytwarzania przestrzeni (Lefebvre, 1974). W związku z powyższym celem pracy doktorskiej jest wykrycie istotnych obustronnych relacji pomiędzy ujawniającymi się wszechobecnymi nowoczesnymi technologiami a społecznym kreowaniem środowiska zbudowanego.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39180473,"asset_id":16783504,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11829828,"first_name":"Piotr","last_name":"SMOLNICKI","domain_name":"gda","page_name":"PiotrSmolnicki","display_name":"Piotr M SMOLNICKI","profile_url":"https://gda.academia.edu/PiotrSmolnicki?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11829828/3412745/17644083/s65_piotr_marek.smolnicki.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":36997,"name":"Emerging Technologies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emerging_Technologies?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":84688,"name":"Autonomous Vehicles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Autonomous_Vehicles?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":977205,"name":"Transformation of Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transformation_of_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":1348357,"name":"Driverless Car","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Driverless_Car?f_ri=169916"},{"id":1762908,"name":"Self-Driving Cars","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self-Driving_Cars?f_ri=169916"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38693726" data-work_id="38693726" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38693726/STRUKTUR_INTERNAL_KOTA_SEMARANG">STRUKTUR INTERNAL KOTA SEMARANG</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Kota merupakan sebuah kawasan dimana manusia bermukim dalam jumlah yang cukup tinggi dengan dengan berbagai aktivitas yang menunjang kehidupan manusia dimana aktivitas didominasi dari sektor non-pertanian. Menurut , kota merupakan sebuah... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38693726" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Kota merupakan sebuah kawasan dimana manusia bermukim dalam jumlah yang cukup tinggi dengan dengan berbagai aktivitas yang menunjang kehidupan manusia dimana aktivitas didominasi dari sektor non-pertanian. Menurut , kota merupakan sebuah sistem jaringan kehidupan manusia yang ditandai dengan kepadatan penduduk tinggi serta diwarnai dengan strata sosial ekonomi yang heterogen dengan karakteristik masyarakat yang materialistis. Masyarakat kota terdiri atas penduduk asli daerah tersebut dan penduduk pendatang dari luar. Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa masyarakat kota merupakan masyarakat yang heterogen, baik dalam hal mata pencaharian, agama, adat, dan kebudayaan.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38693726" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f26aa81be42a0dcdae3ee9e368fa7784" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58776170,"asset_id":38693726,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58776170/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="60173917" href="https://itb.academia.edu/windahanifah">winda hanifah</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="60173917" type="text/json">{"id":60173917,"first_name":"winda","last_name":"hanifah","domain_name":"itb","page_name":"windahanifah","display_name":"winda hanifah","profile_url":"https://itb.academia.edu/windahanifah?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/60173917/17552724/27430772/s65_winda.hanifah.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38693726 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38693726"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38693726, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38693726", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38693726]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38693726").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38693726").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38693726"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4808" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning">Urban Planning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4808" type="text/json">{"id":4808,"name":"Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38693726]'), work: {"id":38693726,"title":"STRUKTUR INTERNAL KOTA SEMARANG","created_at":"2019-04-02T06:45:12.611-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38693726/STRUKTUR_INTERNAL_KOTA_SEMARANG?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_38693726","summary":"Kota merupakan sebuah kawasan dimana manusia bermukim dalam jumlah yang cukup tinggi dengan dengan berbagai aktivitas yang menunjang kehidupan manusia dimana aktivitas didominasi dari sektor non-pertanian. Menurut , kota merupakan sebuah sistem jaringan kehidupan manusia yang ditandai dengan kepadatan penduduk tinggi serta diwarnai dengan strata sosial ekonomi yang heterogen dengan karakteristik masyarakat yang materialistis. Masyarakat kota terdiri atas penduduk asli daerah tersebut dan penduduk pendatang dari luar. Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa masyarakat kota merupakan masyarakat yang heterogen, baik dalam hal mata pencaharian, agama, adat, dan kebudayaan.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58776170,"asset_id":38693726,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":60173917,"first_name":"winda","last_name":"hanifah","domain_name":"itb","page_name":"windahanifah","display_name":"winda hanifah","profile_url":"https://itb.academia.edu/windahanifah?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/60173917/17552724/27430772/s65_winda.hanifah.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4808,"name":"Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35056781" data-work_id="35056781" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35056781/PERKEMBANGAN_STRUKTUR_INTERNAL_KOTA_SURAKARTA">PERKEMBANGAN STRUKTUR INTERNAL KOTA SURAKARTA</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Mengetahui garis besar gambaran sejarah perkotaan di Pulau Jawa dari pernyataan diatas, maka Kota Surakarta menjadi suatu kota yang layak dan menarik untuk dikaji lebih dalam. Hal ini dikarenakan Kota Surakarta mengalami semua tahapan... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35056781" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Mengetahui garis besar gambaran sejarah perkotaan di Pulau Jawa dari<br />pernyataan diatas, maka Kota Surakarta menjadi suatu kota yang layak dan<br />menarik untuk dikaji lebih dalam. Hal ini dikarenakan Kota Surakarta mengalami<br />semua tahapan periodisasi kota sejak masih kota pra-kolonial hingga modern.<br />Kota Surakarta terbentuk karena adanya pemindahan pusat pemerintahan<br />Kerajaan Mataram Islam dari Keraton Kartasura pada tahun 1745 (Budi Prayitno,<br />2007:81). Perpindahan dilakukan oleh Paku Buwono II karena Keraton Kartasura<br />hancur akibat peperangan dan pemberontakan yang dikenal sebagai peristiwa<br />“Geger Pecinan” pada tahun 1742. Secara geografis, Kota Surakarta terletak pada<br />cekungan di antara dua gunung berapi yaitu Gunung Lawu(±3.265 mdpl) di<br />sebelah timur dan Gunung Merapi (±2.914 mdpl) di sebelah barat, mengakibatkan<br />topografis relatif rendah dengan ketinggian di pusat kota ±95 meter di atas<br />permukaan laut dan berada pada pertemuan Sungai Pepe, Jenes dan Bengawan<br />Solo. Kawasan inilah yang sering dikenal dengan dataran rendah di antara vulkanvulkan<br />(intermountain-plain), sehingga mudah sekali terjadi banjir (Budi<br />Prayitno, 2007: 83).<br />Untuk mengetahui perkembangan struktur internal Kota Surakarta, setidaknya<br />kita harus memahami definisi struktur kota. Menurut (Iwan K,2008) dalam<br />konteks spasial kota dapat ditinjau sebagai nodal dan area. Dalam wujud<br />struktural dan pola pemanfaatan ruang secara internal maka kota ditinjau sebagai<br />area. Fokus kajian dalam hal ini tentunya adalah unsur-unsur pembentuk struktur<br />tata ruang kota atau kawasan kota yang terdiri dari pusat kegiatan, kawasan<br />fungsional perkotaan dan jaringan jalan. Struktur dan pola ruang kota merupakan<br />suatu produk sekaligus proses yang dimana berbagai unsur di dalamnya saling<br />terkait sehingga dapat dikatakan sebagai sebuah sistem yang kompleks. Dalam<br />meninjau struktur internal kota dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai pendekatan<br />antara lain adalah pendekatan ekologikal, ekonomi, morfologi kota, dan sistem<br />kegiatan.<br />Dalam artikel ini, penulis memutuskan untuk melihat perkembangan struktur<br />internal Kota Surakarta melalui pendekatan morfologi kota. Pendekatan tersebut<br />pada dasarnya memfokuskan perhatian pada bentuk-bentuk fisikal kawasan<br />perkotaan yang tercermin dari jenis penggunaan lahan, sistem jaringan jalan, dan<br />blok-blok bangunan, townscape, urban sprawl, dan pola jaringan jalan sebagai<br />indikator morfologi kota. Menurut Hebert (1976 dalam Yunus 2000)<br />mengemukakan bahwa pengaruh perkembangan sarana transportasi sangat kuat<br />terhadap morfologi kota, sehingga perubahan morfologi kota dan kondisi<br />transportasi yang berkembang mengakibatkan kota semakin luas.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35056781" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b51df4f89ff7fb02f5cadbc3d998a0f0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54917249,"asset_id":35056781,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54917249/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15734890" href="https://itb.academia.edu/PratomoSadega">Pratomo Aji</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15734890" type="text/json">{"id":15734890,"first_name":"Pratomo","last_name":"Aji","domain_name":"itb","page_name":"PratomoSadega","display_name":"Pratomo Aji","profile_url":"https://itb.academia.edu/PratomoSadega?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15734890/4252086/38456564/s65_pratomo.aji.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35056781 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35056781"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35056781, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35056781", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35056781]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35056781").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35056781").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35056781"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2795" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology">Landscape Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2795" type="text/json">{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3290" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urbanism_Archaeology_">Urbanism (Archaeology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3290" type="text/json">{"id":3290,"name":"Urbanism (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urbanism_Archaeology_?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4808" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning">Urban Planning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4808" type="text/json">{"id":4808,"name":"Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35056781]'), work: {"id":35056781,"title":"PERKEMBANGAN STRUKTUR INTERNAL KOTA SURAKARTA","created_at":"2017-11-05T03:21:53.769-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35056781/PERKEMBANGAN_STRUKTUR_INTERNAL_KOTA_SURAKARTA?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_35056781","summary":"Mengetahui garis besar gambaran sejarah perkotaan di Pulau Jawa dari\npernyataan diatas, maka Kota Surakarta menjadi suatu kota yang layak dan\nmenarik untuk dikaji lebih dalam. Hal ini dikarenakan Kota Surakarta mengalami\nsemua tahapan periodisasi kota sejak masih kota pra-kolonial hingga modern.\nKota Surakarta terbentuk karena adanya pemindahan pusat pemerintahan\nKerajaan Mataram Islam dari Keraton Kartasura pada tahun 1745 (Budi Prayitno,\n2007:81). Perpindahan dilakukan oleh Paku Buwono II karena Keraton Kartasura\nhancur akibat peperangan dan pemberontakan yang dikenal sebagai peristiwa\n“Geger Pecinan” pada tahun 1742. Secara geografis, Kota Surakarta terletak pada\ncekungan di antara dua gunung berapi yaitu Gunung Lawu(±3.265 mdpl) di\nsebelah timur dan Gunung Merapi (±2.914 mdpl) di sebelah barat, mengakibatkan\ntopografis relatif rendah dengan ketinggian di pusat kota ±95 meter di atas\npermukaan laut dan berada pada pertemuan Sungai Pepe, Jenes dan Bengawan\nSolo. Kawasan inilah yang sering dikenal dengan dataran rendah di antara vulkanvulkan\n(intermountain-plain), sehingga mudah sekali terjadi banjir (Budi\nPrayitno, 2007: 83).\nUntuk mengetahui perkembangan struktur internal Kota Surakarta, setidaknya\nkita harus memahami definisi struktur kota. Menurut (Iwan K,2008) dalam\nkonteks spasial kota dapat ditinjau sebagai nodal dan area. Dalam wujud\nstruktural dan pola pemanfaatan ruang secara internal maka kota ditinjau sebagai\narea. Fokus kajian dalam hal ini tentunya adalah unsur-unsur pembentuk struktur\ntata ruang kota atau kawasan kota yang terdiri dari pusat kegiatan, kawasan\nfungsional perkotaan dan jaringan jalan. Struktur dan pola ruang kota merupakan\nsuatu produk sekaligus proses yang dimana berbagai unsur di dalamnya saling\nterkait sehingga dapat dikatakan sebagai sebuah sistem yang kompleks. Dalam\nmeninjau struktur internal kota dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai pendekatan\nantara lain adalah pendekatan ekologikal, ekonomi, morfologi kota, dan sistem\nkegiatan.\nDalam artikel ini, penulis memutuskan untuk melihat perkembangan struktur\ninternal Kota Surakarta melalui pendekatan morfologi kota. Pendekatan tersebut\npada dasarnya memfokuskan perhatian pada bentuk-bentuk fisikal kawasan\nperkotaan yang tercermin dari jenis penggunaan lahan, sistem jaringan jalan, dan\nblok-blok bangunan, townscape, urban sprawl, dan pola jaringan jalan sebagai\nindikator morfologi kota. Menurut Hebert (1976 dalam Yunus 2000)\nmengemukakan bahwa pengaruh perkembangan sarana transportasi sangat kuat\nterhadap morfologi kota, sehingga perubahan morfologi kota dan kondisi\ntransportasi yang berkembang mengakibatkan kota semakin luas.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54917249,"asset_id":35056781,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15734890,"first_name":"Pratomo","last_name":"Aji","domain_name":"itb","page_name":"PratomoSadega","display_name":"Pratomo Aji","profile_url":"https://itb.academia.edu/PratomoSadega?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15734890/4252086/38456564/s65_pratomo.aji.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":3290,"name":"Urbanism (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urbanism_Archaeology_?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":4808,"name":"Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":538424,"name":"Archaeology of Colonialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_Colonialism?f_ri=169916"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_28886579" data-work_id="28886579" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28886579/UTCAS%C3%81VOK_AZ_ALF%C3%96LDI_MEZ%C5%90V%C3%81ROSOK_TELEP%C3%9CL%C3%89SSTRUKT%C3%9AR%C3%81J%C3%81NAK_V%C3%81LTOZ%C3%81SAI">UTCASÁVOK: AZ ALFÖLDI MEZŐVÁROSOK TELEPÜLÉSSTRUKTÚRÁJÁNAK VÁLTOZÁSAI</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Az alföldi mezővárosok kialakulására legnagyobb hatással a gazdasági változások és a településeken belül elkülönülő funkciók voltak. Figyelembe véve a hasonló topográfiai és vízrajzi jellemzőket, felfedezhetők azok a karakterisztikák,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_28886579" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Az alföldi mezővárosok kialakulására legnagyobb hatással a gazdasági változások és a településeken belül elkülönülő funkciók voltak. Figyelembe véve a hasonló topográfiai és vízrajzi jellemzőket, felfedezhetők azok a karakterisztikák, amelyek az idősík és a szerkezet szempontjából fellelhető különbségeket generálták. Az utak helyzete, irányainak és szerkezetének változásai utalnak az adott időszak (a XVIII. századtól a XX. század végéig)<br />településteremtő erőire és meghatározó viselkedési formáira. A jellemző szerkezet-megváltoztató tényezők között a természeti katasztrófák mellett a gazdaságot, a domináns vezetők hatását és a városon belüli aktualizált problémákat (egészségügyi szempontok, lakáshelyzet, új igények, motoros forgalom megjelenése, lakáshiány) azonosíthatjuk a teljesség igénye<br />nélkül. Ezen tényezők, valamint a vizuális ismeretanyag tanulmányozásával lehetségessé válik az utak és a városon belüli utcasávok változásainak követése a szerkezet és funkciók szempontjából. A különböző vetületű térképek egy rendszerbe való integrálásával a megvalósuló fejlesztések és a létre nem hozott változások ok-okozati tényezői csak a háttérdokumentumok ismeretében elemezhetőek. A különböző időszakok azonos tematika szerinti vizsgálata alapján – amelyek a települést kialakító erőket az utca és a terek tipológiáját is alapul veszi –, beazonosítható az a strukturális változás, amely az adott város jelenlegi képét kialakította. Az infrastruktúra rendszerének történelmi változásaival, annak értékítéletével létrehozható egy olyan rendszer, amely irányvonalakat adhat a jövőbeli fejlesztések terén. A tanulmány célja a rendszer megalapozó vizsgálatainak, a mezővárosok településstruktúraváltozásának bemutatása, különös tekintettel az utcasávokra és teresedésekre. A hosszabb távú és megalapozottabb végső, irányadó következtetések levonása több települést felölelő rendszer tanulmányozása után lehetséges.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/28886579" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cd43b2187b7f31509a25b9414861f9b8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49318382,"asset_id":28886579,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49318382/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9271148" href="https://unideb.academia.edu/Dr%C3%89vaLovraPhD">Éva Lovra</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9271148" type="text/json">{"id":9271148,"first_name":"Éva","last_name":"Lovra","domain_name":"unideb","page_name":"DrÉvaLovraPhD","display_name":"Éva Lovra","profile_url":"https://unideb.academia.edu/Dr%C3%89vaLovraPhD?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9271148/3051608/34328067/s65_dr._va.lovra_phd.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_28886579 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="28886579"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 28886579, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_28886579", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=28886579]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_28886579").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_28886579").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="28886579"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=28886579]'), work: {"id":28886579,"title":"UTCASÁVOK: AZ ALFÖLDI MEZŐVÁROSOK TELEPÜLÉSSTRUKTÚRÁJÁNAK VÁLTOZÁSAI","created_at":"2016-10-03T07:46:39.573-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/28886579/UTCAS%C3%81VOK_AZ_ALF%C3%96LDI_MEZ%C5%90V%C3%81ROSOK_TELEP%C3%9CL%C3%89SSTRUKT%C3%9AR%C3%81J%C3%81NAK_V%C3%81LTOZ%C3%81SAI?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_28886579","summary":"Az alföldi mezővárosok kialakulására legnagyobb hatással a gazdasági változások és a településeken belül elkülönülő funkciók voltak. Figyelembe véve a hasonló topográfiai és vízrajzi jellemzőket, felfedezhetők azok a karakterisztikák, amelyek az idősík és a szerkezet szempontjából fellelhető különbségeket generálták. Az utak helyzete, irányainak és szerkezetének változásai utalnak az adott időszak (a XVIII. századtól a XX. század végéig)\ntelepülésteremtő erőire és meghatározó viselkedési formáira. A jellemző szerkezet-megváltoztató tényezők között a természeti katasztrófák mellett a gazdaságot, a domináns vezetők hatását és a városon belüli aktualizált problémákat (egészségügyi szempontok, lakáshelyzet, új igények, motoros forgalom megjelenése, lakáshiány) azonosíthatjuk a teljesség igénye\nnélkül. Ezen tényezők, valamint a vizuális ismeretanyag tanulmányozásával lehetségessé válik az utak és a városon belüli utcasávok változásainak követése a szerkezet és funkciók szempontjából. A különböző vetületű térképek egy rendszerbe való integrálásával a megvalósuló fejlesztések és a létre nem hozott változások ok-okozati tényezői csak a háttérdokumentumok ismeretében elemezhetőek. A különböző időszakok azonos tematika szerinti vizsgálata alapján – amelyek a települést kialakító erőket az utca és a terek tipológiáját is alapul veszi –, beazonosítható az a strukturális változás, amely az adott város jelenlegi képét kialakította. Az infrastruktúra rendszerének történelmi változásaival, annak értékítéletével létrehozható egy olyan rendszer, amely irányvonalakat adhat a jövőbeli fejlesztések terén. A tanulmány célja a rendszer megalapozó vizsgálatainak, a mezővárosok településstruktúraváltozásának bemutatása, különös tekintettel az utcasávokra és teresedésekre. A hosszabb távú és megalapozottabb végső, irányadó következtetések levonása több települést felölelő rendszer tanulmányozása után lehetséges.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49318382,"asset_id":28886579,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9271148,"first_name":"Éva","last_name":"Lovra","domain_name":"unideb","page_name":"DrÉvaLovraPhD","display_name":"Éva Lovra","profile_url":"https://unideb.academia.edu/Dr%C3%89vaLovraPhD?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9271148/3051608/34328067/s65_dr._va.lovra_phd.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_39371527" data-work_id="39371527" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39371527/THE_SIMILARITIES_OF_EX_YUGOSLAV_CITIES">THE SIMILARITIES OF EX -YUGOSLAV CITIES</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This thesis is written after a thorough structural analysis of urban structure of the cities and towns of the region of ex - Yugoslavia. A comparison of the urban fabric showed that the cities have similar development steps, similar... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_39371527" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This thesis is written after a thorough structural analysis of urban structure of the cities and towns of the region of ex - Yugoslavia. A comparison of the urban fabric showed that the cities have similar development steps, similar structural units, but different development modes due to historical remains. The cities of the western, former Austro - Hungarian development history are treated differently than the cities of former Ottoman development history - significantly in the socialist development period. The understanding of the core structures and the city development treatments remain active until present day.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39371527" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e5eb8d456670d9623d5c217f23713d26" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59514589,"asset_id":39371527,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59514589/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1684926" href="https://tugraz.academia.edu/AndrejSmid">Andrej Smid</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1684926" type="text/json">{"id":1684926,"first_name":"Andrej","last_name":"Smid","domain_name":"tugraz","page_name":"AndrejSmid","display_name":"Andrej Smid","profile_url":"https://tugraz.academia.edu/AndrejSmid?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1684926/1531388/1860711/s65_andrej.smid.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39371527 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39371527"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39371527, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39371527", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39371527]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_39371527").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_39371527").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="39371527"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4808" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning">Urban Planning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4808" type="text/json">{"id":4808,"name":"Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28849" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Development">Urban Development</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28849" type="text/json">{"id":28849,"name":"Urban Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Development?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="31588" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Sprawl">Urban Sprawl</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="31588" type="text/json">{"id":31588,"name":"Urban Sprawl","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Sprawl?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="41626" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Former_Yugoslavia">Former Yugoslavia</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="41626" type="text/json">{"id":41626,"name":"Former Yugoslavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Former_Yugoslavia?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=39371527]'), work: {"id":39371527,"title":"THE SIMILARITIES OF EX -YUGOSLAV CITIES","created_at":"2019-06-04T11:10:05.856-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/39371527/THE_SIMILARITIES_OF_EX_YUGOSLAV_CITIES?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_39371527","summary":"This thesis is written after a thorough structural analysis of urban structure of the cities and towns of the region of ex - Yugoslavia. A comparison of the urban fabric showed that the cities have similar development steps, similar structural units, but different development modes due to historical remains. The cities of the western, former Austro - Hungarian development history are treated differently than the cities of former Ottoman development history - significantly in the socialist development period. The understanding of the core structures and the city development treatments remain active until present day.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59514589,"asset_id":39371527,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1684926,"first_name":"Andrej","last_name":"Smid","domain_name":"tugraz","page_name":"AndrejSmid","display_name":"Andrej Smid","profile_url":"https://tugraz.academia.edu/AndrejSmid?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1684926/1531388/1860711/s65_andrej.smid.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4808,"name":"Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":28849,"name":"Urban Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Development?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":31588,"name":"Urban Sprawl","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Sprawl?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":41626,"name":"Former Yugoslavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Former_Yugoslavia?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":43476,"name":"Art in the former Yugoslavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_in_the_former_Yugoslavia?f_ri=169916"},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916"},{"id":495943,"name":"Urban Development, City Form","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Development_City_Form?f_ri=169916"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40074955" data-work_id="40074955" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40074955/Spatial_structure_intra_urban_commuting_patterns_and_mode_choice_Analyses_of_relationships_in_the_Kumasi_Metropolis_Ghana">Spatial structure, intra-urban commuting patterns and mode choice: Analyses of relationships in the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Commuting patterns in Sub-Saharan African cities are evolving in tandem with rapid levels of historical urbanization. Yet, our understanding of how the prevailing urban spatial structures shape travel patterns is limited. This study... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40074955" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Commuting patterns in Sub-Saharan African cities are evolving in tandem with rapid levels of historical urbanization. Yet, our understanding of how the prevailing urban spatial structures shape travel patterns is limited. This study explores the land-use-travel nexus in the Kumasi metropolis in Ghana, by focusing on work commuting. It uses newly available land-use datasets to present TAZ-level analysis of the distribution of land-use activity types. From a survey of a representative sample of 1,158 workers, the characteristics of commuters and their travel patterns are examined. The analyses reveal a unique structure for the urban system, that is polycentric in both morphological and functional dimensions, but with a relatively stronger centre (i.e. CBD). Overall, homework commute flows strongly reflect the prevailing spatial structure. Residence in suburban neighbourhoods; non-home-based employment locations; homework distance exceeding 0.3km; and relatively higher-incomes influence motorized transport choice and car-use for work journeys. Walking to work is strongly associated with lower-income levels, residence in historical-core neighbourhoods and home-based employment. The paper contributes to conceptualizing, theorising and understanding the spatial structure-travel nexus at the intra-urban scale by focusing on a previously unexplored urban context. The implications of the findings for integrated urban development and transportation planning are highlighted.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40074955" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d37aba0785d2905cd2ed4b028e4feaa0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61289099,"asset_id":40074955,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61289099/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6053066" href="https://manchester.academia.edu/RansfordAcheampong">Ransford Acheampong</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6053066" type="text/json">{"id":6053066,"first_name":"Ransford","last_name":"Acheampong","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"RansfordAcheampong","display_name":"Ransford Acheampong","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/RansfordAcheampong?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6053066/2704616/21334059/s65_ransford.acheampong.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40074955 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40074955"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40074955, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40074955", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40074955]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40074955").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40074955").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40074955"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3168" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transportation_Studies">Transportation Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3168" type="text/json">{"id":3168,"name":"Transportation Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transportation_Studies?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4808" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning">Urban Planning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4808" type="text/json">{"id":4808,"name":"Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6007" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transport_Planning">Transport Planning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6007" type="text/json">{"id":6007,"name":"Transport Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transport_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8262" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Travel_Behaviour">Travel Behaviour</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="8262" type="text/json">{"id":8262,"name":"Travel Behaviour","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Travel_Behaviour?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40074955]'), work: {"id":40074955,"title":"Spatial structure, intra-urban commuting patterns and mode choice: Analyses of relationships in the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana","created_at":"2019-08-13T06:18:50.889-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40074955/Spatial_structure_intra_urban_commuting_patterns_and_mode_choice_Analyses_of_relationships_in_the_Kumasi_Metropolis_Ghana?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_40074955","summary":"Commuting patterns in Sub-Saharan African cities are evolving in tandem with rapid levels of historical urbanization. Yet, our understanding of how the prevailing urban spatial structures shape travel patterns is limited. This study explores the land-use-travel nexus in the Kumasi metropolis in Ghana, by focusing on work commuting. It uses newly available land-use datasets to present TAZ-level analysis of the distribution of land-use activity types. From a survey of a representative sample of 1,158 workers, the characteristics of commuters and their travel patterns are examined. The analyses reveal a unique structure for the urban system, that is polycentric in both morphological and functional dimensions, but with a relatively stronger centre (i.e. CBD). Overall, homework commute flows strongly reflect the prevailing spatial structure. Residence in suburban neighbourhoods; non-home-based employment locations; homework distance exceeding 0.3km; and relatively higher-incomes influence motorized transport choice and car-use for work journeys. Walking to work is strongly associated with lower-income levels, residence in historical-core neighbourhoods and home-based employment. The paper contributes to conceptualizing, theorising and understanding the spatial structure-travel nexus at the intra-urban scale by focusing on a previously unexplored urban context. The implications of the findings for integrated urban development and transportation planning are highlighted.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61289099,"asset_id":40074955,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6053066,"first_name":"Ransford","last_name":"Acheampong","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"RansfordAcheampong","display_name":"Ransford Acheampong","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/RansfordAcheampong?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6053066/2704616/21334059/s65_ransford.acheampong.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3168,"name":"Transportation Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transportation_Studies?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":4808,"name":"Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":6007,"name":"Transport Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transport_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":8262,"name":"Travel Behaviour","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Travel_Behaviour?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":9620,"name":"Ghana","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ghana?f_ri=169916"},{"id":19637,"name":"Transportation and Land Use","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transportation_and_Land_Use?f_ri=169916"},{"id":20436,"name":"Urban And Regional Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_And_Regional_Planning?f_ri=169916"},{"id":20805,"name":"Land-use planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land-use_planning?f_ri=169916"},{"id":38429,"name":"Global South","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_South?f_ri=169916"},{"id":54259,"name":"Cities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cities?f_ri=169916"},{"id":70030,"name":"Land Use Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Use_Planning?f_ri=169916"},{"id":72627,"name":"Spatial planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_planning?f_ri=169916"},{"id":117715,"name":"Commuting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commuting?f_ri=169916"},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916"},{"id":238585,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure and Urban Strategic Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure_and_Urban_Strategic_Planning?f_ri=169916"},{"id":453803,"name":"Travel Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Travel_Behavior?f_ri=169916"},{"id":1262450,"name":"Integrated Land Use and Transportation Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Integrated_Land_Use_and_Transportation_Planning?f_ri=169916"},{"id":1911039,"name":"Kumasi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kumasi?f_ri=169916"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10340446" data-work_id="10340446" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10340446/Principles_of_urban_structure_in_social_spaces_of_shopping_malls">Principles of urban structure in social spaces of shopping malls</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Today it's hard to imagine a modern large city without a shopping mall. Actually mall emerged as kind of a city center for periphery residents. However, in today's fast paced life the concept of "everything under one roof" has become an... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10340446" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Today it's hard to imagine a modern large city without a shopping mall. Actually mall emerged as kind of a city center for periphery residents. However, in today's fast paced life the concept of "everything under one roof" has become an integral part of the urban structure. Mall makes it possible to meet not one but a number of needs at once.<br />The fact that mall is analogous to city centre is confirmed not only by their functional content similarity, but also by structure. Like urban web is anchored at nodes of human activity, “shopping mall web” is anchored on nodes of retail and entertainment spaces. Like urban structures have a hierarchy of connections (from footpaths to roads), shopping mall structure has a hierarchy of social spaces (from side malls to the centre court). Despite this similarity, the socialization and communication problems in shopping malls remain unsolved.<br />In this study the comparative analysis of urban and shopping mall structures was performed. We defined the key urban structure principles suitable for effective formation of social and public spaces of malls.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10340446" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8b5c839fdade18547a302ff92da5c976" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36405563,"asset_id":10340446,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36405563/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9932924" href="https://lp.academia.edu/OlenaBerezko">Olena Berezko</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9932924" type="text/json">{"id":9932924,"first_name":"Olena","last_name":"Berezko","domain_name":"lp","page_name":"OlenaBerezko","display_name":"Olena Berezko","profile_url":"https://lp.academia.edu/OlenaBerezko?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9932924/3083185/18241527/s65_olena.berezko.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10340446 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10340446"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10340446, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10340446", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_10340446 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10340446; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_10340446"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_10340446 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="10340446"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10340446; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10340446]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10340446").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10340446").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10340446"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="265807" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shopping_Malls">Shopping Malls</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="265807" type="text/json">{"id":265807,"name":"Shopping Malls","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shopping_Malls?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="270341" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architecture_and_Urban_Planning">Architecture and Urban Planning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="270341" type="text/json">{"id":270341,"name":"Architecture and Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architecture_and_Urban_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="302692" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Layout">Layout</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="302692" type="text/json">{"id":302692,"name":"Layout","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Layout?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10340446]'), work: {"id":10340446,"title":"Principles of urban structure in social spaces of shopping malls","created_at":"2015-01-26T09:31:35.540-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10340446/Principles_of_urban_structure_in_social_spaces_of_shopping_malls?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_10340446","summary":"Today it's hard to imagine a modern large city without a shopping mall. Actually mall emerged as kind of a city center for periphery residents. However, in today's fast paced life the concept of \"everything under one roof\" has become an integral part of the urban structure. Mall makes it possible to meet not one but a number of needs at once.\nThe fact that mall is analogous to city centre is confirmed not only by their functional content similarity, but also by structure. Like urban web is anchored at nodes of human activity, “shopping mall web” is anchored on nodes of retail and entertainment spaces. Like urban structures have a hierarchy of connections (from footpaths to roads), shopping mall structure has a hierarchy of social spaces (from side malls to the centre court). Despite this similarity, the socialization and communication problems in shopping malls remain unsolved.\nIn this study the comparative analysis of urban and shopping mall structures was performed. We defined the key urban structure principles suitable for effective formation of social and public spaces of malls.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36405563,"asset_id":10340446,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9932924,"first_name":"Olena","last_name":"Berezko","domain_name":"lp","page_name":"OlenaBerezko","display_name":"Olena Berezko","profile_url":"https://lp.academia.edu/OlenaBerezko?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9932924/3083185/18241527/s65_olena.berezko.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":265807,"name":"Shopping Malls","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shopping_Malls?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":270341,"name":"Architecture and Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architecture_and_Urban_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":302692,"name":"Layout","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Layout?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":304717,"name":"Shopping Center Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shopping_Center_Design?f_ri=169916"},{"id":525701,"name":"Social Space","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Space?f_ri=169916"},{"id":599334,"name":"Architecture and Public Spaces","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architecture_and_Public_Spaces?f_ri=169916"},{"id":650362,"name":"Retail space","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retail_space?f_ri=169916"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40403528" data-work_id="40403528" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40403528/A_MACROSCOPIC_VIEW_OF_WATER_MANAGEMENT_OF_THE_NEW_ADMINISTRATIVE_CAPITAL_CITY_OF_EGYPT_Assessing_the_capability_of_the_urban_structure_to_face_various_states_of_flood_risk">A MACROSCOPIC VIEW OF WATER MANAGEMENT OF THE NEW ADMINISTRATIVE CAPITAL CITY OF EGYPT Assessing the capability of the urban structure to face various states of flood risk</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Egypt is well known for establishing new cities in the desert to extend urban areas out of its congested valleys, mostly in the Greater Cairo region. Some of these new cities face strong challenges when potential flooding is not... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40403528" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Egypt is well known for establishing new cities in the desert to extend urban areas out of its congested valleys, mostly in the Greater Cairo region. Some of these new cities face strong challenges when potential flooding is not considered as a vital aspect in the master planning development phases. A new administrative capital (NAC) city is currently under construction in the eastern desert region of Greater Cairo. Topographically a slope runs from east (the Suez and Red Sea governorates) to west (the Nile valley, Greater Cairo). Between the NAC and Cairo is another recent city development, named New Cairo city, which faced flooding in 2018. The cause of this problem was not disregard for potential floods in the initial masterplan, but rather it was the construction of buildings within the flood area resulting from the Minister of Housing selling off building plots between 2003 and 2009. This caused a massive flooding impact on buildings, interruptions to the street network and traffic flow, and splits in the urban structure to create various isolated entities. This paper proposes a methodological approach that combines different layers of analysis to investigate the impact of flood risks on the urban structure of new cities and highlight the importance of considering that risk while the masterplan is in the development process. It overlays flood simulation models, syntactic analysis, topographical and flood studies and compares the results in two different scenarios: under average rainfall versus full flooding. The case study is based on the NAC. Combining different analytical methods helps to identify urban zones under flood risk precisely and to propose solutions. The resulting remedy to solve the problem in the NAC would be to: (1) identify the essential locations for placing necessary reservoirs and catchments, and (2) widen the green valley (green belt). These proposed solutions can be directed to the municipalities and planners to consider flood risks while developing the masterplan in its initial phases or during ongoing construction phases when remedies can still be included in the project's phasing. Hence there are two targets for further research: (1) how feasible amendments to the masterplan may be made during the construction phases, and (2) how regulations can be developed for flood risk zones to protect buildings from massive loss.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40403528" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3a615f26755d8deef6f92cef6b0e9e84" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60656217,"asset_id":40403528,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60656217/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="127333573" href="https://aucegpy.academia.edu/TamirElKhouly">Tamir El-Khouly</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="127333573" type="text/json">{"id":127333573,"first_name":"Tamir","last_name":"El-Khouly","domain_name":"aucegpy","page_name":"TamirElKhouly","display_name":"Tamir El-Khouly","profile_url":"https://aucegpy.academia.edu/TamirElKhouly?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/127333573/32569948/30420571/s65_tamir.el-khouly.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40403528 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40403528"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40403528, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40403528", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_40403528 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40403528; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_40403528"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_40403528 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40403528"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40403528; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40403528]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40403528").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40403528").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40403528"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2032" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Space_Syntax">Space Syntax</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2032" type="text/json">{"id":2032,"name":"Space Syntax","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Space_Syntax?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="45401" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Management">Water Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="45401" type="text/json">{"id":45401,"name":"Water Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Management?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="705392" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flood_Simulation">Flood Simulation</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="705392" type="text/json">{"id":705392,"name":"Flood Simulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flood_Simulation?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40403528]'), work: {"id":40403528,"title":"A MACROSCOPIC VIEW OF WATER MANAGEMENT OF THE NEW ADMINISTRATIVE CAPITAL CITY OF EGYPT Assessing the capability of the urban structure to face various states of flood risk","created_at":"2019-09-20T10:00:24.796-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40403528/A_MACROSCOPIC_VIEW_OF_WATER_MANAGEMENT_OF_THE_NEW_ADMINISTRATIVE_CAPITAL_CITY_OF_EGYPT_Assessing_the_capability_of_the_urban_structure_to_face_various_states_of_flood_risk?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_40403528","summary":"Egypt is well known for establishing new cities in the desert to extend urban areas out of its congested valleys, mostly in the Greater Cairo region. Some of these new cities face strong challenges when potential flooding is not considered as a vital aspect in the master planning development phases. A new administrative capital (NAC) city is currently under construction in the eastern desert region of Greater Cairo. Topographically a slope runs from east (the Suez and Red Sea governorates) to west (the Nile valley, Greater Cairo). Between the NAC and Cairo is another recent city development, named New Cairo city, which faced flooding in 2018. The cause of this problem was not disregard for potential floods in the initial masterplan, but rather it was the construction of buildings within the flood area resulting from the Minister of Housing selling off building plots between 2003 and 2009. This caused a massive flooding impact on buildings, interruptions to the street network and traffic flow, and splits in the urban structure to create various isolated entities. This paper proposes a methodological approach that combines different layers of analysis to investigate the impact of flood risks on the urban structure of new cities and highlight the importance of considering that risk while the masterplan is in the development process. It overlays flood simulation models, syntactic analysis, topographical and flood studies and compares the results in two different scenarios: under average rainfall versus full flooding. The case study is based on the NAC. Combining different analytical methods helps to identify urban zones under flood risk precisely and to propose solutions. The resulting remedy to solve the problem in the NAC would be to: (1) identify the essential locations for placing necessary reservoirs and catchments, and (2) widen the green valley (green belt). These proposed solutions can be directed to the municipalities and planners to consider flood risks while developing the masterplan in its initial phases or during ongoing construction phases when remedies can still be included in the project's phasing. Hence there are two targets for further research: (1) how feasible amendments to the masterplan may be made during the construction phases, and (2) how regulations can be developed for flood risk zones to protect buildings from massive loss.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60656217,"asset_id":40403528,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":127333573,"first_name":"Tamir","last_name":"El-Khouly","domain_name":"aucegpy","page_name":"TamirElKhouly","display_name":"Tamir El-Khouly","profile_url":"https://aucegpy.academia.edu/TamirElKhouly?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/127333573/32569948/30420571/s65_tamir.el-khouly.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2032,"name":"Space Syntax","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Space_Syntax?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":45401,"name":"Water Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Management?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":705392,"name":"Flood Simulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flood_Simulation?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37778268" data-work_id="37778268" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37778268/Procesos_de_urbanizaci%C3%B3n_difusos_y_estructuras_urbanas_fragmentadas_el_caso_de_Toledo_Castilla_La_Mancha_Espa%C3%B1a_">Procesos de urbanización difusos y estructuras urbanas fragmentadas: el caso de Toledo (Castilla-La Mancha, España)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">RESUMEN: La ciudad ha pasado a crecer de manera muy expansiva y de forma difusa impulsada por la especulación y el beneficio capitalista. Este hecho da lugar a un proceso de desestructuración urbana. Las estructuras urbanas resultantes... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37778268" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">RESUMEN: La ciudad ha pasado a crecer de manera muy expansiva y de forma difusa impulsada por la especulación y el beneficio capitalista. Este hecho da lugar a un proceso de desestructuración urbana. Las estructuras urbanas resultantes son fragmentadas y dispersas. Es la consecuencia de una intensa urbanización capitalista. En este artículo se analiza el caso de Toledo, ciudad de origen histórico y hoy capital de la comunidad autónoma española de Castilla-La Mancha. A través de un método deductivo, basado en el trabajo bibliográfico, la observación y el uso del catastro inmobiliario urbano, se analiza el proceso de urbanización que ha originado una intensa fragmentación de la estructura urbana toledana. Ha sido a causa de un reciente urbanismo comercial y especulativo capitalista. La planificación urbanística de la ciudad ha facilitado este impulso constructivo. Entre 1990 y 2010 se edificaron el 55,5% de los bienes inmuebles de la ciudad. El resultado es una ciudad muy difusa y desarticulada y con grandes espacios intersticiales. El entendimiento del proceso debe servir para evitar en el futuro cometer los mismos errores y partir hacia otro modelo de ciudad.<br />ABSTRACT: The city has grown in a very expansive and diffuse way driven by speculation and capitalist profit. This fact gives rise to a process of urban disintegration. Capitalist urbanization, construction and property speculation, generate a model of diffuse intense urban expansion. The resulting urban structures are fragmented and scattered. This essay discusses the case of Toledo, city of historical origin and capital of the Spanish autonomous community of Castilla-La Mancha nowadays. Toledo is analyzed using a deductive method, based on bibliographic work, observation and the use of urban real estate cadastre, the urbanization process that has given rise to an intense fragmentation of the urban structure of the city. Due to recent commercial and speculative urbanism, the urban planning of the city has facilitated this constructive impulse. 55.5% of the city properties were built between 1990 and 2010. The result is a very diffuse and disjointed city with big interstitial spaces. Understanding this process should serve to avoid making the same mistakes in the future and look for another city model.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37778268" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7d995ffbf356e853de8886adc383b715" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57774506,"asset_id":37778268,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57774506/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="45214452" href="https://uib-es.academia.edu/LuisAlfonsoEscuderoG%C3%B3mez">Luis Alfonso Escudero-Gómez</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="45214452" type="text/json">{"id":45214452,"first_name":"Luis Alfonso","last_name":"Escudero-Gómez","domain_name":"uib-es","page_name":"LuisAlfonsoEscuderoGómez","display_name":"Luis Alfonso Escudero-Gómez","profile_url":"https://uib-es.academia.edu/LuisAlfonsoEscuderoG%C3%B3mez?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/45214452/12003239/13372902/s65_luis_alfonso_escudero.g_mez.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37778268 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37778268"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37778268, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37778268", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_37778268 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37778268; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_37778268"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_37778268 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37778268"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37778268; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37778268]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37778268").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37778268").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37778268"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="277" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Geography">Urban Geography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="277" type="text/json">{"id":277,"name":"Urban Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Geography?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21310" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urbanization">Urbanization</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21310" type="text/json">{"id":21310,"name":"Urbanization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urbanization?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="245135" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Registry">Land Registry</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="245135" type="text/json">{"id":245135,"name":"Land Registry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Registry?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37778268]'), work: {"id":37778268,"title":"Procesos de urbanización difusos y estructuras urbanas fragmentadas: el caso de Toledo (Castilla-La Mancha, España)","created_at":"2018-11-15T02:16:36.699-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37778268/Procesos_de_urbanizaci%C3%B3n_difusos_y_estructuras_urbanas_fragmentadas_el_caso_de_Toledo_Castilla_La_Mancha_Espa%C3%B1a_?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_37778268","summary":"RESUMEN: La ciudad ha pasado a crecer de manera muy expansiva y de forma difusa impulsada por la especulación y el beneficio capitalista. Este hecho da lugar a un proceso de desestructuración urbana. Las estructuras urbanas resultantes son fragmentadas y dispersas. Es la consecuencia de una intensa urbanización capitalista. En este artículo se analiza el caso de Toledo, ciudad de origen histórico y hoy capital de la comunidad autónoma española de Castilla-La Mancha. A través de un método deductivo, basado en el trabajo bibliográfico, la observación y el uso del catastro inmobiliario urbano, se analiza el proceso de urbanización que ha originado una intensa fragmentación de la estructura urbana toledana. Ha sido a causa de un reciente urbanismo comercial y especulativo capitalista. La planificación urbanística de la ciudad ha facilitado este impulso constructivo. Entre 1990 y 2010 se edificaron el 55,5% de los bienes inmuebles de la ciudad. El resultado es una ciudad muy difusa y desarticulada y con grandes espacios intersticiales. El entendimiento del proceso debe servir para evitar en el futuro cometer los mismos errores y partir hacia otro modelo de ciudad.\nABSTRACT: The city has grown in a very expansive and diffuse way driven by speculation and capitalist profit. This fact gives rise to a process of urban disintegration. Capitalist urbanization, construction and property speculation, generate a model of diffuse intense urban expansion. The resulting urban structures are fragmented and scattered. This essay discusses the case of Toledo, city of historical origin and capital of the Spanish autonomous community of Castilla-La Mancha nowadays. Toledo is analyzed using a deductive method, based on bibliographic work, observation and the use of urban real estate cadastre, the urbanization process that has given rise to an intense fragmentation of the urban structure of the city. Due to recent commercial and speculative urbanism, the urban planning of the city has facilitated this constructive impulse. 55.5% of the city properties were built between 1990 and 2010. The result is a very diffuse and disjointed city with big interstitial spaces. Understanding this process should serve to avoid making the same mistakes in the future and look for another city model.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57774506,"asset_id":37778268,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":45214452,"first_name":"Luis Alfonso","last_name":"Escudero-Gómez","domain_name":"uib-es","page_name":"LuisAlfonsoEscuderoGómez","display_name":"Luis Alfonso Escudero-Gómez","profile_url":"https://uib-es.academia.edu/LuisAlfonsoEscuderoG%C3%B3mez?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/45214452/12003239/13372902/s65_luis_alfonso_escudero.g_mez.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":277,"name":"Urban Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Geography?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":21310,"name":"Urbanization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urbanization?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":245135,"name":"Land Registry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Registry?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":355504,"name":"Toledo","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toledo?f_ri=169916"},{"id":371409,"name":"Urban Fragmentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Fragmentation?f_ri=169916"},{"id":565037,"name":"Urbanización","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urbanizaci%C3%B3n?f_ri=169916"},{"id":568861,"name":"Geografía Urbana","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geograf%C3%ADa_Urbana?f_ri=169916"},{"id":623577,"name":"Fragmentación Urbana","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fragmentacion_Urbana?f_ri=169916"},{"id":641695,"name":"Estructura Urbana","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Estructura_Urbana?f_ri=169916"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5073210" data-work_id="5073210" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5073210/Patrones_de_clusterizaci%C3%B3n_espacio_temporales_de_una_ecolog%C3%ADa_social_de_la_Zona_Metropolitana_del_Valle_de_M%C3%A9xico">Patrones de clusterización espacio-temporales de una ecología social de la Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5073210" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="94ad7823ce1624c67b729d506ecaf61c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58297235,"asset_id":5073210,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58297235/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="316808" href="https://uam-cuajimalpa.academia.edu/SalomonGonzalez">Salomon Gonzalez Arellano</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="316808" type="text/json">{"id":316808,"first_name":"Salomon","last_name":"Gonzalez Arellano","domain_name":"uam-cuajimalpa","page_name":"SalomonGonzalez","display_name":"Salomon Gonzalez Arellano","profile_url":"https://uam-cuajimalpa.academia.edu/SalomonGonzalez?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/316808/78290/3990692/s65_salomon.gonzalez.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5073210 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5073210"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5073210, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5073210", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5073210]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5073210").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5073210").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5073210"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7725" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Studies">Urban Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7725" type="text/json">{"id":7725,"name":"Urban Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Studies?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22428" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_geography">Time geography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="22428" type="text/json">{"id":22428,"name":"Time geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_geography?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5073210]'), work: {"id":5073210,"title":"Patrones de clusterización espacio-temporales de una ecología social de la Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México","created_at":"2013-11-12T00:50:25.668-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5073210/Patrones_de_clusterizaci%C3%B3n_espacio_temporales_de_una_ecolog%C3%ADa_social_de_la_Zona_Metropolitana_del_Valle_de_M%C3%A9xico?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_5073210","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58297235,"asset_id":5073210,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":316808,"first_name":"Salomon","last_name":"Gonzalez Arellano","domain_name":"uam-cuajimalpa","page_name":"SalomonGonzalez","display_name":"Salomon Gonzalez Arellano","profile_url":"https://uam-cuajimalpa.academia.edu/SalomonGonzalez?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/316808/78290/3990692/s65_salomon.gonzalez.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7725,"name":"Urban Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Studies?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":22428,"name":"Time geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_geography?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40403619" data-work_id="40403619" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40403619/Investigating_the_urban_structure_of_newly_planned_cities_in_Egypt_The_case_study_of_New_Cairo_city">Investigating the urban structure of newly planned cities in Egypt: The case study of New Cairo city</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Egypt is characterized by an abundance of cities built along the narrow valley of the Nile river and into the delta since ancient times, accounting for nearly 90% of the total population. This has led to a need to find alternatives to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40403619" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Egypt is characterized by an abundance of cities built along the narrow valley of the Nile river and into the delta since ancient times, accounting for nearly 90% of the total population. This has led to a need to find alternatives to urban development and expansion beyond the borders of the narrow valley. One of these alternatives is the establishment of new urban communities extending deep into the Sahara, characterized by a wide horizontal extension, highways and arterial roads, entirely vehicle-oriented as a means for movement throughout the city because of a lack of public transportation. This paper evaluates this trend by analysing one of the newly established cities outside Greater Cairo, known as New Cairo city, which requires changes to its physical structure to increase the pedestrian crossing routes because of the high number of accidents involving pedestrians crossing main roads. <br />Using space syntax as an informative theory, utilizing syntactic analysis of the impact of highways and arterial roads on integration and connectivity in the spatial structure shows isolated islands of districts with no pedestrian routes to connect them. This methodology allows us to determine the main points in the structure of the city where pedestrian accessibility can be added to provide a remedy to overcome the shortage of access points in the city’s network system. The study provides further value by discussing the impacts at pedestrian level, human dimensions in the living community, diversity of land uses and real estate financial classification.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40403619" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3c7804064d2f4596ee196db0cf39753e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61378023,"asset_id":40403619,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61378023/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="127333573" href="https://aucegpy.academia.edu/TamirElKhouly">Tamir El-Khouly</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="127333573" type="text/json">{"id":127333573,"first_name":"Tamir","last_name":"El-Khouly","domain_name":"aucegpy","page_name":"TamirElKhouly","display_name":"Tamir El-Khouly","profile_url":"https://aucegpy.academia.edu/TamirElKhouly?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/127333573/32569948/30420571/s65_tamir.el-khouly.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40403619 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40403619"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40403619, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40403619", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_40403619 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40403619; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_40403619"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_40403619 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40403619"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40403619; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40403619]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40403619").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40403619").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40403619"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2032" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Space_Syntax">Space Syntax</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2032" type="text/json">{"id":2032,"name":"Space Syntax","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Space_Syntax?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="646010" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Cities">New Cities</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="646010" type="text/json">{"id":646010,"name":"New Cities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Cities?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40403619]'), work: {"id":40403619,"title":"Investigating the urban structure of newly planned cities in Egypt: The case study of New Cairo city","created_at":"2019-09-20T10:19:27.050-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40403619/Investigating_the_urban_structure_of_newly_planned_cities_in_Egypt_The_case_study_of_New_Cairo_city?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_40403619","summary":"Egypt is characterized by an abundance of cities built along the narrow valley of the Nile river and into the delta since ancient times, accounting for nearly 90% of the total population. This has led to a need to find alternatives to urban development and expansion beyond the borders of the narrow valley. One of these alternatives is the establishment of new urban communities extending deep into the Sahara, characterized by a wide horizontal extension, highways and arterial roads, entirely vehicle-oriented as a means for movement throughout the city because of a lack of public transportation. This paper evaluates this trend by analysing one of the newly established cities outside Greater Cairo, known as New Cairo city, which requires changes to its physical structure to increase the pedestrian crossing routes because of the high number of accidents involving pedestrians crossing main roads. \nUsing space syntax as an informative theory, utilizing syntactic analysis of the impact of highways and arterial roads on integration and connectivity in the spatial structure shows isolated islands of districts with no pedestrian routes to connect them. This methodology allows us to determine the main points in the structure of the city where pedestrian accessibility can be added to provide a remedy to overcome the shortage of access points in the city’s network system. The study provides further value by discussing the impacts at pedestrian level, human dimensions in the living community, diversity of land uses and real estate financial classification. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61378023,"asset_id":40403619,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":127333573,"first_name":"Tamir","last_name":"El-Khouly","domain_name":"aucegpy","page_name":"TamirElKhouly","display_name":"Tamir El-Khouly","profile_url":"https://aucegpy.academia.edu/TamirElKhouly?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/127333573/32569948/30420571/s65_tamir.el-khouly.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2032,"name":"Space Syntax","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Space_Syntax?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":646010,"name":"New Cities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Cities?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17631200" data-work_id="17631200" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17631200/ESDA_Techniques_in_identifying_the_Spatial_Structure_of_the_Tokyo_Metropolitan_Area_Preliminary_Research">ESDA Techniques in identifying the Spatial Structure of the Tokyo Metropolitan Area: Preliminary Research</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">his research focused on analyzing the urban spatial structure of the Tokyo metropolitan area by using Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) techniques and aimed to observe the effectiveness and acceptability of ESDA in identifying the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_17631200" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">his research focused on analyzing the urban spatial structure of the Tokyo metropolitan area by using Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) techniques and aimed to observe the effectiveness and acceptability of ESDA in identifying the Spatial Clustering. The ESDA techniques that have been selected for this research are Global Moran’s I; Local Moran’s I and Local G Statistic. The local statistics are called Local Indicator of Spatial Association (LISA).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17631200" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a620f299fc3a8afd3d14543a1416e247" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39625233,"asset_id":17631200,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39625233/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="827092" href="https://ritsumeikan-apu.academia.edu/TawhidMonzur">Tawhid Monzur</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="827092" type="text/json">{"id":827092,"first_name":"Tawhid","last_name":"Monzur","domain_name":"ritsumeikan-apu","page_name":"TawhidMonzur","display_name":"Tawhid Monzur","profile_url":"https://ritsumeikan-apu.academia.edu/TawhidMonzur?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/827092/288423/342555/s65_tawhid.monzur.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17631200 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17631200"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17631200, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17631200", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_17631200 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17631200; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_17631200"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_17631200 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17631200"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17631200; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17631200]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_17631200").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_17631200").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="17631200"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7725" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Studies">Urban Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7725" type="text/json">{"id":7725,"name":"Urban Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Studies?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=17631200]'), work: {"id":17631200,"title":"ESDA Techniques in identifying the Spatial Structure of the Tokyo Metropolitan Area: Preliminary Research","created_at":"2015-11-02T18:57:51.778-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/17631200/ESDA_Techniques_in_identifying_the_Spatial_Structure_of_the_Tokyo_Metropolitan_Area_Preliminary_Research?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_17631200","summary":"his research focused on analyzing the urban spatial structure of the Tokyo metropolitan area by using Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) techniques and aimed to observe the effectiveness and acceptability of ESDA in identifying the Spatial Clustering. The ESDA techniques that have been selected for this research are Global Moran’s I; Local Moran’s I and Local G Statistic. The local statistics are called Local Indicator of Spatial Association (LISA).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39625233,"asset_id":17631200,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":827092,"first_name":"Tawhid","last_name":"Monzur","domain_name":"ritsumeikan-apu","page_name":"TawhidMonzur","display_name":"Tawhid Monzur","profile_url":"https://ritsumeikan-apu.academia.edu/TawhidMonzur?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/827092/288423/342555/s65_tawhid.monzur.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7725,"name":"Urban Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Studies?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5152180" data-work_id="5152180" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5152180/Urban_Centrality_A_Simple_Index">Urban Centrality: A Simple Index</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study introduces a new measure of urban centrality. The proposed urban centrality index (UCI) constitutes an extension to the spatial separation index. Urban structure should be more accurately analyzed when considering a centrality... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5152180" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study introduces a new measure of urban centrality. The proposed urban centrality index (UCI) constitutes an extension to the spatial separation index. Urban structure should be more accurately analyzed when considering a centrality scale (varying from extreme monocentricity to extreme polycentricity) than when considering a binary variable (monocentric or polycentric). The proposed index controls for differences in size and shape of the geographic areas for which data are available, and can be calculated using different variables such as employment and population densities, or trip generation rates. The properties of the index are illustrated with simulated artificial data sets and are compared with other similar measures proposed in the existing literature. The index is then applied to the urban structure of four metropolitan areas: Pittsburgh and Los Angeles in the United States; São Paulo, Brazil; and Paris, France. The index is compared with other traditional spatial agglomeration measures, such as global and local Moran's I, and density gradient estimations.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5152180" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d3dcb9542470f1da79303002d2715e18" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32443094,"asset_id":5152180,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32443094/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4189935" href="https://ipea.academia.edu/RafaelPereira">Rafael H . M . Pereira</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4189935" type="text/json">{"id":4189935,"first_name":"Rafael","last_name":"Pereira","domain_name":"ipea","page_name":"RafaelPereira","display_name":"Rafael H . M . Pereira","profile_url":"https://ipea.academia.edu/RafaelPereira?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4189935/2651898/3086534/s65_rafael_henrique_moraes.pereira.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5152180 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5152180"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5152180, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5152180", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_5152180 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5152180; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_5152180"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_5152180 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="5152180"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5152180; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5152180]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5152180").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5152180").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5152180"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1362" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Analysis">Spatial Analysis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1362" type="text/json">{"id":1362,"name":"Spatial Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Analysis?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7628" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Morphology">Urban Morphology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7628" type="text/json">{"id":7628,"name":"Urban Morphology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Morphology?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15198" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Statistics">Spatial Statistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15198" type="text/json">{"id":15198,"name":"Spatial Statistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Statistics?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="44554" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polycentric_Urban_Regions">Polycentric Urban Regions</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="44554" type="text/json">{"id":44554,"name":"Polycentric Urban Regions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polycentric_Urban_Regions?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5152180]'), work: {"id":5152180,"title":"Urban Centrality: A Simple Index","created_at":"2013-11-19T05:56:48.583-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5152180/Urban_Centrality_A_Simple_Index?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_5152180","summary":"This study introduces a new measure of urban centrality. The proposed urban centrality index (UCI) constitutes an extension to the spatial separation index. Urban structure should be more accurately analyzed when considering a centrality scale (varying from extreme monocentricity to extreme polycentricity) than when considering a binary variable (monocentric or polycentric). The proposed index controls for differences in size and shape of the geographic areas for which data are available, and can be calculated using different variables such as employment and population densities, or trip generation rates. The properties of the index are illustrated with simulated artificial data sets and are compared with other similar measures proposed in the existing literature. The index is then applied to the urban structure of four metropolitan areas: Pittsburgh and Los Angeles in the United States; São Paulo, Brazil; and Paris, France. The index is compared with other traditional spatial agglomeration measures, such as global and local Moran's I, and density gradient estimations.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32443094,"asset_id":5152180,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4189935,"first_name":"Rafael","last_name":"Pereira","domain_name":"ipea","page_name":"RafaelPereira","display_name":"Rafael H . M . Pereira","profile_url":"https://ipea.academia.edu/RafaelPereira?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4189935/2651898/3086534/s65_rafael_henrique_moraes.pereira.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1362,"name":"Spatial Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Analysis?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":7628,"name":"Urban Morphology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Morphology?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":15198,"name":"Spatial Statistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Statistics?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":44554,"name":"Polycentric Urban Regions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polycentric_Urban_Regions?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916"},{"id":245150,"name":"Morfologia Urbana","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morfologia_Urbana?f_ri=169916"},{"id":434459,"name":"Polycentricity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polycentricity?f_ri=169916"},{"id":505723,"name":"Polycentric Metropolitan Form","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polycentric_Metropolitan_Form?f_ri=169916"},{"id":824878,"name":"Uban Planning \u0026 Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Uban_Planning_and_Design?f_ri=169916"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_47425771" data-work_id="47425771" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/47425771/WHAT_KIND_OF_CITY_ARE_WE_BUILDING_WHAT_KIND_OF_CITY_DO_WE_WANT_TO_BUILD_Re_viewing_three_different_urban_developments_in_metropolitan_areas">WHAT KIND OF CITY ARE WE BUILDING? WHAT KIND OF CITY DO WE WANT TO BUILD? Re-viewing three different urban developments in metropolitan areas</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/47425771" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="26fa8757f62811901d3f6918fa75a7fb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66524181,"asset_id":47425771,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66524181/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11829828" href="https://gda.academia.edu/PiotrSmolnicki">Piotr M SMOLNICKI</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11829828" type="text/json">{"id":11829828,"first_name":"Piotr","last_name":"SMOLNICKI","domain_name":"gda","page_name":"PiotrSmolnicki","display_name":"Piotr M SMOLNICKI","profile_url":"https://gda.academia.edu/PiotrSmolnicki?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11829828/3412745/17644083/s65_piotr_marek.smolnicki.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_47425771 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="47425771"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 47425771, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_47425771", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=47425771]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_47425771").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_47425771").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="47425771"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="908629" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Structures">Spatial Structures</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="908629" type="text/json">{"id":908629,"name":"Spatial Structures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Structures?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=47425771]'), work: {"id":47425771,"title":"WHAT KIND OF CITY ARE WE BUILDING? WHAT KIND OF CITY DO WE WANT TO BUILD? Re-viewing three different urban developments in metropolitan areas","created_at":"2021-04-22T04:05:53.541-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/47425771/WHAT_KIND_OF_CITY_ARE_WE_BUILDING_WHAT_KIND_OF_CITY_DO_WE_WANT_TO_BUILD_Re_viewing_three_different_urban_developments_in_metropolitan_areas?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_47425771","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66524181,"asset_id":47425771,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11829828,"first_name":"Piotr","last_name":"SMOLNICKI","domain_name":"gda","page_name":"PiotrSmolnicki","display_name":"Piotr M SMOLNICKI","profile_url":"https://gda.academia.edu/PiotrSmolnicki?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11829828/3412745/17644083/s65_piotr_marek.smolnicki.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":908629,"name":"Spatial Structures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Structures?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9946796" data-work_id="9946796" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9946796/Uneven_Distribution_of_Employment_Opportunities_Neighborhood_and_Race_in_Cleveland_Ohio">Uneven Distribution of Employment Opportunities: Neighborhood and Race in Cleveland, Ohio</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The passage of new welfare legislation has intensified questions regarding the relative availability of job opportunities. While unemployment rates nationwide are low, some scholars argue that job opportunities are not evenly distributed... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9946796" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The passage of new welfare legislation has intensified questions regarding the relative availability of job opportunities. While unemployment rates nationwide are low, some scholars argue that job opportunities are not evenly distributed between neighborhoods and that whatever opportunities exist do not match the skills of the nearby labor pool. This article examines the number of jobs available to people within very small-scale labor markets in Cuyahoga County (Cleveland) and Lorain County, Ohio. Job opportunity indices are then compared for different types of neighborhoods. Results indicate that neighborhood job opportunities do not vary much by neighborhood income level or metropolitan location. However, predominantly African-American neighborhoods at low-and moderate-income levels endure job opportunities far below those of similarly placed white neighborhoods. Fewer than average job opportunities near lower income black neighborhoods make it harder for people without access to private automobiles or reliable mass transit to obtain jobs.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9946796" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4e83a9be83e8e45ebbdef7496a6ca1da" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36096540,"asset_id":9946796,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36096540/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="69455" href="https://kentstate.academia.edu/DavidKaplan">David Kaplan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="69455" type="text/json">{"id":69455,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Kaplan","domain_name":"kentstate","page_name":"DavidKaplan","display_name":"David Kaplan","profile_url":"https://kentstate.academia.edu/DavidKaplan?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/69455/19447/18062/s65_david.kaplan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9946796 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9946796"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9946796, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9946796", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9946796]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9946796").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9946796").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9946796"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72753" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Welfare_Reform">Welfare Reform</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72753" type="text/json">{"id":72753,"name":"Welfare Reform","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Welfare_Reform?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="127487" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Job_Opportunities">Job Opportunities</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="127487" type="text/json">{"id":127487,"name":"Job Opportunities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Job_Opportunities?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9946796]'), work: {"id":9946796,"title":"Uneven Distribution of Employment Opportunities: Neighborhood and Race in Cleveland, Ohio","created_at":"2014-12-29T16:37:14.787-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9946796/Uneven_Distribution_of_Employment_Opportunities_Neighborhood_and_Race_in_Cleveland_Ohio?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_9946796","summary":"The passage of new welfare legislation has intensified questions regarding the relative availability of job opportunities. While unemployment rates nationwide are low, some scholars argue that job opportunities are not evenly distributed between neighborhoods and that whatever opportunities exist do not match the skills of the nearby labor pool. This article examines the number of jobs available to people within very small-scale labor markets in Cuyahoga County (Cleveland) and Lorain County, Ohio. Job opportunity indices are then compared for different types of neighborhoods. Results indicate that neighborhood job opportunities do not vary much by neighborhood income level or metropolitan location. However, predominantly African-American neighborhoods at low-and moderate-income levels endure job opportunities far below those of similarly placed white neighborhoods. Fewer than average job opportunities near lower income black neighborhoods make it harder for people without access to private automobiles or reliable mass transit to obtain jobs.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36096540,"asset_id":9946796,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":69455,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Kaplan","domain_name":"kentstate","page_name":"DavidKaplan","display_name":"David Kaplan","profile_url":"https://kentstate.academia.edu/DavidKaplan?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/69455/19447/18062/s65_david.kaplan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72753,"name":"Welfare Reform","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Welfare_Reform?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":127487,"name":"Job Opportunities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Job_Opportunities?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8126240" data-work_id="8126240" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8126240/Slovenia_s_social_uprising_in_the_European_crisis_Maribor_as_periphery_from_1988_to_2012">Slovenia’s social uprising in the European crisis: Maribor as periphery from 1988 to 2012</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article contextualizes the recent social uprisings in Maribor as a political articulation of the periphery in both the local Slovenian and the more general European context. The case of Maribor is of particular interest to anyone who... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_8126240" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article contextualizes the recent social uprisings in Maribor as a political articulation of the periphery in both the local Slovenian and the more general European context. The case of Maribor is of particular interest to anyone who wants to excavate different temporalities within “transition”: Maribor is not only the name of a failed capitalist de-industrialization, but was, 25 years ago, also the site of a failed socialist industrialization. My thesis explores the continuity and discontinuity of Maribor as a privileged site of popular resistance, while on a more theoretical level, it presents the unfolding of politics of dissensus. The author uses Rancière’s concept of “the people” as the most adequate figure for addressing the specificity of the most recent struggles. Also, the question of “periphery” as the site of utmost importance for contemporary political imagination and experimentation is brought to the reader’s attention</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8126240" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1ad9cba89f8fe99cc708108a2a2c2cfa" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34569557,"asset_id":8126240,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34569557/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="908047" href="https://zgodovina-ff-uni-lj.academia.edu/GalKirn">Gal Kirn</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="908047" type="text/json">{"id":908047,"first_name":"Gal","last_name":"Kirn","domain_name":"zgodovina-ff-uni-lj","page_name":"GalKirn","display_name":"Gal Kirn","profile_url":"https://zgodovina-ff-uni-lj.academia.edu/GalKirn?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/908047/336004/55898895/s65_gal.kirn.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8126240 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8126240"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8126240, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8126240", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=8126240]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_8126240").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_8126240").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="8126240"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1698" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marxism">Marxism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1698" type="text/json">{"id":1698,"name":"Marxism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marxism?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16598" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_movements_and_revolution">Social movements and revolution</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16598" type="text/json">{"id":16598,"name":"Social movements and revolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_movements_and_revolution?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="105029" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radical_Political_Theory">Radical Political Theory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="105029" type="text/json">{"id":105029,"name":"Radical Political Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radical_Political_Theory?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="110480" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Uprising">Public Uprising</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="110480" type="text/json">{"id":110480,"name":"Public Uprising","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Uprising?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8126240]'), work: {"id":8126240,"title":"Slovenia’s social uprising in the European crisis: Maribor as periphery from 1988 to 2012","created_at":"2014-08-29T05:13:00.859-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8126240/Slovenia_s_social_uprising_in_the_European_crisis_Maribor_as_periphery_from_1988_to_2012?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_8126240","summary":"This article contextualizes the recent social uprisings in Maribor as a political articulation of the periphery in both the local Slovenian and the more general European context. The case of Maribor is of particular interest to anyone who wants to excavate different temporalities within “transition”: Maribor is not only the name of a failed capitalist de-industrialization, but was, 25 years ago, also the site of a failed socialist industrialization. My thesis explores the continuity and discontinuity of Maribor as a privileged site of popular resistance, while on a more theoretical level, it presents the unfolding of politics of dissensus. The author uses Rancière’s concept of “the people” as the most adequate figure for addressing the specificity of the most recent struggles. Also, the question of “periphery” as the site of utmost importance for contemporary political imagination and experimentation is brought to the reader’s attention","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34569557,"asset_id":8126240,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":908047,"first_name":"Gal","last_name":"Kirn","domain_name":"zgodovina-ff-uni-lj","page_name":"GalKirn","display_name":"Gal Kirn","profile_url":"https://zgodovina-ff-uni-lj.academia.edu/GalKirn?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/908047/336004/55898895/s65_gal.kirn.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1698,"name":"Marxism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marxism?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":16598,"name":"Social movements and revolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_movements_and_revolution?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":105029,"name":"Radical Political Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radical_Political_Theory?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":110480,"name":"Public Uprising","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Uprising?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":118223,"name":"Centre-Periphery Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Centre-Periphery_Relations?f_ri=169916"},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916"},{"id":178709,"name":"Slovenia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slovenia?f_ri=169916"},{"id":455608,"name":"Revolts and protests","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Revolts_and_protests?f_ri=169916"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35730106 coauthored" data-work_id="35730106" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35730106/Wsp%C3%B3%C5%82czesna_interpretacja_idei_pozna%C5%84skiego_systemu_zieleni_miejskiej_w_kontek%C5%9Bcie_strategii_miasta_zr%C3%B3wnowa%C5%BConego_A_contemporary_interpretation_of_the_concept_of_the_Pozna%C5%84_urban_green_system_in_view_of_the_sustainable_city_strategy_El%C5%BCbieta_RASZEJA_Anna_GA%C5%81ECKA_DROZDA">Współczesna interpretacja idei poznańskiego systemu zieleni miejskiej w kontekście strategii miasta zrównoważonego / A contemporary interpretation of the concept of the Poznań urban green system in view of the sustainable city strategy, Elżbieta RASZEJA, Anna GAŁECKA-DROZDA</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Poznań wedge-ring green system, developed by Czarnecki and Wodziczko, is one of the most permanent elements in the spatial structure of the city. However, the present development processes and investment pressure pose a serious threat... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35730106" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Poznań wedge-ring green system, developed by Czarnecki and Wodziczko, is one of the most permanent elements in the spatial structure of the city. However, the present development processes and investment pressure pose a serious threat to the stability of the system, while stipulations in binding planning documents, postulating its protection and enforcement, are superficial. In view of the contemporary concepts of the sustainable city, green infrastructure or ecosystem services, and the need to implement European legal solutions it is necessary to re-interpret the “classical” concept of the Poznań urban green system. This pertains both to its internal structures and ties with the supporting external ecosystems.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35730106" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="851019eff1d323a4d56e34fc2ad76b9a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55604585,"asset_id":35730106,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55604585/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="73604030" href="https://independent.academia.edu/StudiaMiejskie">Studia Miejskie</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="73604030" type="text/json">{"id":73604030,"first_name":"Studia","last_name":"Miejskie","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StudiaMiejskie","display_name":"Studia Miejskie","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StudiaMiejskie?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/73604030/18810774/18789393/s65_studia.miejskie.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-35730106">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-35730106"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/AnnaGa%C5%82eckaDrozda">Anna Gałecka-Drozda</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-35730106'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-35730106').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35730106 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35730106"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35730106, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35730106", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_35730106 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35730106; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_35730106"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_35730106 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35730106"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35730106; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35730106]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35730106").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35730106").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35730106"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4368" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Green_Infrastructure">Green Infrastructure</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4368" type="text/json">{"id":4368,"name":"Green Infrastructure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Green_Infrastructure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="191415" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_City">Sustainable City</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="191415" type="text/json">{"id":191415,"name":"Sustainable City","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_City?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="275328" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poznan">Poznań</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="275328" type="text/json">{"id":275328,"name":"Poznań","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poznan?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35730106]'), work: {"id":35730106,"title":"Współczesna interpretacja idei poznańskiego systemu zieleni miejskiej w kontekście strategii miasta zrównoważonego / A contemporary interpretation of the concept of the Poznań urban green system in view of the sustainable city strategy, Elżbieta RASZEJA, Anna GAŁECKA-DROZDA","created_at":"2018-01-22T08:22:09.613-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35730106/Wsp%C3%B3%C5%82czesna_interpretacja_idei_pozna%C5%84skiego_systemu_zieleni_miejskiej_w_kontek%C5%9Bcie_strategii_miasta_zr%C3%B3wnowa%C5%BConego_A_contemporary_interpretation_of_the_concept_of_the_Pozna%C5%84_urban_green_system_in_view_of_the_sustainable_city_strategy_El%C5%BCbieta_RASZEJA_Anna_GA%C5%81ECKA_DROZDA?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_35730106","summary":"The Poznań wedge-ring green system, developed by Czarnecki and Wodziczko, is one of the most permanent elements in the spatial structure of the city. However, the present development processes and investment pressure pose a serious threat to the stability of the system, while stipulations in binding planning documents, postulating its protection and enforcement, are superficial. In view of the contemporary concepts of the sustainable city, green infrastructure or ecosystem services, and the need to implement European legal solutions it is necessary to re-interpret the “classical” concept of the Poznań urban green system. This pertains both to its internal structures and ties with the supporting external ecosystems.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55604585,"asset_id":35730106,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":73604030,"first_name":"Studia","last_name":"Miejskie","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StudiaMiejskie","display_name":"Studia Miejskie","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StudiaMiejskie?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/73604030/18810774/18789393/s65_studia.miejskie.jpg"},{"id":77094369,"first_name":"Anna","last_name":"Gałecka-Drozda","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AnnaGałeckaDrozda","display_name":"Anna Gałecka-Drozda","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnnaGa%C5%82eckaDrozda?f_ri=169916","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4368,"name":"Green Infrastructure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Green_Infrastructure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":191415,"name":"Sustainable City","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_City?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":275328,"name":"Poznań","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poznan?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_20150630" data-work_id="20150630" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20150630/Cities_In_Transition_Suntec_City">Cities In Transition: Suntec City</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/20150630" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1bc8bd8d6e9378541b7bf425ed2779f0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41036457,"asset_id":20150630,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41036457/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="29411513" href="https://nus.academia.edu/WengKinChan">Weng Kin Chan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="29411513" type="text/json">{"id":29411513,"first_name":"Weng Kin","last_name":"Chan","domain_name":"nus","page_name":"WengKinChan","display_name":"Weng Kin Chan","profile_url":"https://nus.academia.edu/WengKinChan?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/29411513/11196203/12493310/s65_max_chan.kin.jpg_oh_fc6f95b870d7f75c7f5afff2de732d19_oe_56fd742d"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_20150630 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="20150630"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 20150630, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_20150630", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=20150630]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_20150630").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_20150630").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="20150630"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="277" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Geography">Urban Geography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="277" type="text/json">{"id":277,"name":"Urban Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Geography?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32655" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Social_Geography">Urban Social Geography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="32655" type="text/json">{"id":32655,"name":"Urban Social Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Social_Geography?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="54410" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Renewal">Urban Renewal</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="54410" type="text/json">{"id":54410,"name":"Urban Renewal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Renewal?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=20150630]'), work: {"id":20150630,"title":"Cities In Transition: Suntec City","created_at":"2016-01-10T22:48:42.439-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/20150630/Cities_In_Transition_Suntec_City?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_20150630","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41036457,"asset_id":20150630,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":29411513,"first_name":"Weng Kin","last_name":"Chan","domain_name":"nus","page_name":"WengKinChan","display_name":"Weng Kin Chan","profile_url":"https://nus.academia.edu/WengKinChan?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/29411513/11196203/12493310/s65_max_chan.kin.jpg_oh_fc6f95b870d7f75c7f5afff2de732d19_oe_56fd742d"}],"research_interests":[{"id":277,"name":"Urban Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Geography?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":32655,"name":"Urban Social Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Social_Geography?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":54410,"name":"Urban Renewal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Renewal?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":289704,"name":"Retail Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retail_Geography?f_ri=169916"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41177177 coauthored" data-work_id="41177177" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41177177/Is_there_a_common_typology_of_urban_sprawl_in_Medi_terranean_cities_A_comparative_analysis_utilizing_spa_tial_metrics">Is there a common typology of urban sprawl in Medi- terranean cities? A comparative analysis utilizing spa- tial metrics</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The aim of the paper is to analyze and compare the form and land use structure of Euro-Mediterranean cities by estimating spatial metrics and to present a way of using these metrics to examine whether there is a common typology of urban... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41177177" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The aim of the paper is to analyze and compare the form and land use structure of Euro-Mediterranean cities by estimating spatial metrics and to present a way of using these metrics to examine whether there is a common typology of urban sprawl. Based on Urban Atlas data (2006), the land use composition in six large urban agglomerations (Madrid, Barcelona, Rome, Milan, Athens and Marseille) is analyzed, and the degree of low density development is identified. Certain modifications are applied to the original Urban Atlas data, and spatial metrics are estimated using the FRAGSTATS software. A methodology for evaluating urban sprawl patterns based on five types of spatial metrics, characterizing patch density, size/aggregation, shape, dispersion/contiguity, and mixing, is presented. Moreover, land use change dynamics in the period 2006-2012 are analyzed in order to identify the most recent trends in urban growth. Results are evaluated and a comparison between the cities is presented. The discussion tries to characterize the patterns of urban sprawl, recognizing that, although there are certain similarities, a common typology of urban sprawl is not evident. JEL Classification R110, R140</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41177177" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6642a325fc13f3724e95f385a17d4bfd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61417604,"asset_id":41177177,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61417604/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="96246992" href="https://independent.academia.edu/%CE%91%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82%CE%9B%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82">Αποστολος Λαγαρίας</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="96246992" type="text/json">{"id":96246992,"first_name":"Αποστολος","last_name":"Λαγαρίας","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ΑποστολοςΛαγαρίας","display_name":"Αποστολος Λαγαρίας","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/%CE%91%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82%CE%9B%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82?f_ri=169916","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-41177177">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-41177177"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://ntua.academia.edu/IonSayas">John Sayas</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-41177177'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-41177177').html(); 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A comparative analysis utilizing spa- tial metrics","created_at":"2019-12-04T01:07:46.009-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41177177/Is_there_a_common_typology_of_urban_sprawl_in_Medi_terranean_cities_A_comparative_analysis_utilizing_spa_tial_metrics?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_41177177","summary":"The aim of the paper is to analyze and compare the form and land use structure of Euro-Mediterranean cities by estimating spatial metrics and to present a way of using these metrics to examine whether there is a common typology of urban sprawl. Based on Urban Atlas data (2006), the land use composition in six large urban agglomerations (Madrid, Barcelona, Rome, Milan, Athens and Marseille) is analyzed, and the degree of low density development is identified. Certain modifications are applied to the original Urban Atlas data, and spatial metrics are estimated using the FRAGSTATS software. A methodology for evaluating urban sprawl patterns based on five types of spatial metrics, characterizing patch density, size/aggregation, shape, dispersion/contiguity, and mixing, is presented. Moreover, land use change dynamics in the period 2006-2012 are analyzed in order to identify the most recent trends in urban growth. Results are evaluated and a comparison between the cities is presented. The discussion tries to characterize the patterns of urban sprawl, recognizing that, although there are certain similarities, a common typology of urban sprawl is not evident. JEL Classification R110, R140","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61417604,"asset_id":41177177,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":96246992,"first_name":"Αποστολος","last_name":"Λαγαρίας","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ΑποστολοςΛαγαρίας","display_name":"Αποστολος Λαγαρίας","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/%CE%91%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82%CE%9B%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82?f_ri=169916","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":272029,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Sayas","domain_name":"ntua","page_name":"IonSayas","display_name":"John Sayas","profile_url":"https://ntua.academia.edu/IonSayas?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/272029/66727/1401983/s65_john.sayas.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1362,"name":"Spatial Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Analysis?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":7725,"name":"Urban Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Studies?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":19637,"name":"Transportation and Land Use","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transportation_and_Land_Use?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":28293,"name":"Land Evaluation/Land Use Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Evaluation_Land_Use_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":31588,"name":"Urban Sprawl","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Sprawl?f_ri=169916"},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12025126" data-work_id="12025126" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12025126/Aquaponics_Based_Artificial_Biosphere_Included_in_Architecture_From_Mitigation_of_Negative_Impacts_to_Positive_Added_Values_of_Urban_Spatial_Structures_on_Local_Regional_and_Global_Scale">Aquaponics Based Artificial Biosphere Included in Architecture: From Mitigation of Negative Impacts to Positive Added Values of Urban Spatial Structures on Local, Regional and Global Scale</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Technologies may appear faster than spatial planning can afford it. Although applying new technologies solve particular problems, it may also create new ones. Many negative consequences of implementing new technologies are visible after... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12025126" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Technologies may appear faster than spatial planning can afford it. Although applying new technologies solve particular problems, it may also create new ones. Many negative consequences of implementing new technologies are visible after years or decades – they accumulate until the need of solving them. According to The Hannover Principles (McDonough & Braungart 2013) one should, by example not think about reducing but about eliminating negative impacts. Did we learn life-cycle management from this since 1992, and implement it correctly? Can we predict and eliminate negative side effects? Could we add a positive value to the neighbourhood? <br />In this paper author will scrutinize selected applications of modern and contemporary techniques and technologies influencing shaping of spatial structures and will emphasize their side effects in terms of urban, regional and global “health”. <br />Author will propose contemporary local intervention and investment possibilities on creating self-sustaining neighbourhoods and buildings. Its background will be a new vision of architecture and spatial structures that include ideas inspired from biosphere, e.g.: retrieving and capturing or circulation of CO2 and nutrients. Author will present a concept based on aquaponics gardening that could be adapted to existing buildings and new designs. The concept design will not only reduce and eliminate emissions but also could have a positive impact on citizens’ health and the whole city and its surrounding.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12025126" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e032165a178f252e8eab83d701f0c278" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45049704,"asset_id":12025126,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45049704/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11829828" href="https://gda.academia.edu/PiotrSmolnicki">Piotr M SMOLNICKI</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11829828" type="text/json">{"id":11829828,"first_name":"Piotr","last_name":"SMOLNICKI","domain_name":"gda","page_name":"PiotrSmolnicki","display_name":"Piotr M SMOLNICKI","profile_url":"https://gda.academia.edu/PiotrSmolnicki?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11829828/3412745/17644083/s65_piotr_marek.smolnicki.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12025126 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12025126"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12025126, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12025126", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_12025126 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12025126; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_12025126"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_12025126 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="12025126"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12025126; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12025126]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12025126").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12025126").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12025126"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6284" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_and_wastewater_treatment">Water and wastewater treatment</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6284" type="text/json">{"id":6284,"name":"Water and wastewater treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_and_wastewater_treatment?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7018" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aquaponics">Aquaponics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7018" type="text/json">{"id":7018,"name":"Aquaponics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aquaponics?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14469" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_Resources_Management">Sustainable Water Resources Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14469" type="text/json">{"id":14469,"name":"Sustainable Water Resources Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_Resources_Management?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16723" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate_Change_Adaptation_And_Mitigation_Strategies">Climate Change Adaptation And Mitigation Strategies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="16723" type="text/json">{"id":16723,"name":"Climate Change Adaptation And Mitigation Strategies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate_Change_Adaptation_And_Mitigation_Strategies?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12025126]'), work: {"id":12025126,"title":"Aquaponics Based Artificial Biosphere Included in Architecture: From Mitigation of Negative Impacts to Positive Added Values of Urban Spatial Structures on Local, Regional and Global Scale","created_at":"2015-04-20T06:35:05.961-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12025126/Aquaponics_Based_Artificial_Biosphere_Included_in_Architecture_From_Mitigation_of_Negative_Impacts_to_Positive_Added_Values_of_Urban_Spatial_Structures_on_Local_Regional_and_Global_Scale?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_12025126","summary":"Technologies may appear faster than spatial planning can afford it. Although applying new technologies solve particular problems, it may also create new ones. Many negative consequences of implementing new technologies are visible after years or decades – they accumulate until the need of solving them. According to The Hannover Principles (McDonough \u0026 Braungart 2013) one should, by example not think about reducing but about eliminating negative impacts. Did we learn life-cycle management from this since 1992, and implement it correctly? Can we predict and eliminate negative side effects? Could we add a positive value to the neighbourhood?\r\nIn this paper author will scrutinize selected applications of modern and contemporary techniques and technologies influencing shaping of spatial structures and will emphasize their side effects in terms of urban, regional and global “health”.\r\nAuthor will propose contemporary local intervention and investment possibilities on creating self-sustaining neighbourhoods and buildings. Its background will be a new vision of architecture and spatial structures that include ideas inspired from biosphere, e.g.: retrieving and capturing or circulation of CO2 and nutrients. Author will present a concept based on aquaponics gardening that could be adapted to existing buildings and new designs. The concept design will not only reduce and eliminate emissions but also could have a positive impact on citizens’ health and the whole city and its surrounding.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45049704,"asset_id":12025126,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11829828,"first_name":"Piotr","last_name":"SMOLNICKI","domain_name":"gda","page_name":"PiotrSmolnicki","display_name":"Piotr M SMOLNICKI","profile_url":"https://gda.academia.edu/PiotrSmolnicki?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11829828/3412745/17644083/s65_piotr_marek.smolnicki.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6284,"name":"Water and wastewater treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_and_wastewater_treatment?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":7018,"name":"Aquaponics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aquaponics?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":14469,"name":"Sustainable Water Resources Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_Resources_Management?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":16723,"name":"Climate Change Adaptation And Mitigation Strategies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate_Change_Adaptation_And_Mitigation_Strategies?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":17575,"name":"Algae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Algae?f_ri=169916"},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916"},{"id":256574,"name":"Aquaponics in relation to Agricultural Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aquaponics_in_relation_to_Agricultural_Economics?f_ri=169916"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1070836" data-work_id="1070836" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1070836/Urban_Spatial_Structure_of_High_density_of_Urban_Village">Urban Spatial Structure of High density of Urban Village</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Bandung got the 4th rank as a populated city in Indonesia, and similar with many Indonesian big cities, especially in Java Island face the complex of demography’s problem on an urban spatial structure associated with the population... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1070836" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Bandung got the 4th rank as a populated city in Indonesia, and similar with many Indonesian big cities, especially in Java Island face the complex of demography’s problem on an urban spatial structure associated with the population growth, such as land use, water supply, equipping settlement and its facilities. Bandung is clustered of urban village, which is spread across the city, formed in the strategic point of downtown. Tamansari is one of many urban villages in Bandung, that have a strong historical correlation with Bandung development, even to the present. This phenomena was made the environmental chaos of the central city became linked to the social problem of urban life. In addition, claims about higher densities suggest benefits in energy savings through combined heat and power (CHP) provision, but that benefits might be outweighed by the loss of open space. (Moughtin, et al. 2005). This provision of open an especially green space is included: reduced surface and air temperature, due to daylighting, high humidity, effect of the wind tunnel. Physically, these villages even look like a slum area, and somehow this area is an easy target to be displaced, mostly changed into commercial function, because its land value. However, it's just like changing a mask without solving the problems of a settlement area, kind a move the slum area to another place. The uncontrolled urban structure of high density urban villages due to the population growth make the writer wanted to know about the environmental implications of urban form for particular combinations of building types, urban forms and open spaces.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1070836" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b239453e91f455cf948f47ea0e9886f9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":6553434,"asset_id":1070836,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/6553434/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="855365" href="https://upi.academia.edu/BetaParamita">Beta Paramita</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="855365" type="text/json">{"id":855365,"first_name":"Beta","last_name":"Paramita","domain_name":"upi","page_name":"BetaParamita","display_name":"Beta Paramita","profile_url":"https://upi.academia.edu/BetaParamita?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/855365/304692/162489291/s65_juliana.l_pez.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1070836 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1070836"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1070836, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1070836", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_1070836 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1070836; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_1070836"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_1070836 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="1070836"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1070836; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1070836]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1070836").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1070836").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1070836"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="62403" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_form">Urban form</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="62403" type="text/json">{"id":62403,"name":"Urban form","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_form?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="955503" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dense_Area">Dense Area</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="955503" type="text/json">{"id":955503,"name":"Dense Area","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dense_Area?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1070836]'), work: {"id":1070836,"title":"Urban Spatial Structure of High density of Urban Village","created_at":"2011-11-06T21:15:07.674-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1070836/Urban_Spatial_Structure_of_High_density_of_Urban_Village?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_1070836","summary":"Bandung got the 4th rank as a populated city in Indonesia, and similar with many Indonesian big cities, especially in Java Island face the complex of demography’s problem on an urban spatial structure associated with the population growth, such as land use, water supply, equipping settlement and its facilities. Bandung is clustered of urban village, which is spread across the city, formed in the strategic point of downtown. Tamansari is one of many urban villages in Bandung, that have a strong historical correlation with Bandung development, even to the present. This phenomena was made the environmental chaos of the central city became linked to the social problem of urban life. In addition, claims about higher densities suggest benefits in energy savings through combined heat and power (CHP) provision, but that benefits might be outweighed by the loss of open space. (Moughtin, et al. 2005). This provision of open an especially green space is included: reduced surface and air temperature, due to daylighting, high humidity, effect of the wind tunnel. Physically, these villages even look like a slum area, and somehow this area is an easy target to be displaced, mostly changed into commercial function, because its land value. However, it's just like changing a mask without solving the problems of a settlement area, kind a move the slum area to another place. The uncontrolled urban structure of high density urban villages due to the population growth make the writer wanted to know about the environmental implications of urban form for particular combinations of building types, urban forms and open spaces.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":6553434,"asset_id":1070836,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":855365,"first_name":"Beta","last_name":"Paramita","domain_name":"upi","page_name":"BetaParamita","display_name":"Beta Paramita","profile_url":"https://upi.academia.edu/BetaParamita?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/855365/304692/162489291/s65_juliana.l_pez.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":62403,"name":"Urban form","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_form?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":955503,"name":"Dense Area","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dense_Area?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34959118 coauthored" data-work_id="34959118" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34959118/Urban_spatial_structure_employment_subcenters_and_freight_travel">Urban spatial structure, employment subcenters, and freight travel</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Metropolitan areas in the U.S. have become increasingly polycentric. Large employment subcenters have emerged outside of central cities, competing against the traditional city center for labor and businesses. The existing literature on... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34959118" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Metropolitan areas in the U.S. have become increasingly polycentric. Large employment subcenters have emerged outside of central cities, competing against the traditional city center for labor and businesses. The existing literature on land use and transportation focuses on passenger travel, providing little insight into the impact of polycentric metropolitan development patterns on freight activity. In this study, we use the Los Angeles region as a case study to examine the relationship between urban spatial development patterns and freight travel. Using the National Employment Time Series (NETS) data, we identify employment subcenters in metropolitan Los Angeles. We characterize freight activities associated with the subcenters using data from the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG). We develop a regression model that estimates freight activity as a function of geographic characteristics, such as whether a location is in an employment subcenter, measures of nearby employment, access to the highway network, and proximity to intermodal freight facilities. The results indicate that employment is an important driver of freight activity; however, employment subcenters have an independent effect on freight activity. The results of this study suggest that further research on urban spatial structure and freight activity should assess the effects of employment subcenters and how their particular employment composition and characteristics are associated with freight activities at the metropolitan level. Such an approach would lead to more precise policy recommendations for urban goods movement.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34959118" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="455cf29158673d20eaad7b3cdb8accea" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54821199,"asset_id":34959118,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54821199/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2621122" href="https://utah.academia.edu/AndyHong">Andy Hong</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2621122" type="text/json">{"id":2621122,"first_name":"Andy","last_name":"Hong","domain_name":"utah","page_name":"AndyHong","display_name":"Andy Hong","profile_url":"https://utah.academia.edu/AndyHong?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2621122/830641/11479501/s65_andy.hong.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-34959118">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-34959118"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://usc.academia.edu/MarlonGBoarnet">Marlon G. Boarnet</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-34959118'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-34959118').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34959118 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34959118"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34959118, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34959118", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_34959118 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34959118; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_34959118"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_34959118 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34959118"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34959118; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34959118]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34959118").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34959118").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34959118"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10432" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transportation">Transportation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10432" type="text/json">{"id":10432,"name":"Transportation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transportation?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34959118]'), work: {"id":34959118,"title":"Urban spatial structure, employment subcenters, and freight travel","created_at":"2017-10-25T13:15:49.511-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34959118/Urban_spatial_structure_employment_subcenters_and_freight_travel?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_34959118","summary":"Metropolitan areas in the U.S. have become increasingly polycentric. Large employment subcenters have emerged outside of central cities, competing against the traditional city center for labor and businesses. The existing literature on land use and transportation focuses on passenger travel, providing little insight into the impact of polycentric metropolitan development patterns on freight activity. In this study, we use the Los Angeles region as a case study to examine the relationship between urban spatial development patterns and freight travel. Using the National Employment Time Series (NETS) data, we identify employment subcenters in metropolitan Los Angeles. We characterize freight activities associated with the subcenters using data from the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG). We develop a regression model that estimates freight activity as a function of geographic characteristics, such as whether a location is in an employment subcenter, measures of nearby employment, access to the highway network, and proximity to intermodal freight facilities. The results indicate that employment is an important driver of freight activity; however, employment subcenters have an independent effect on freight activity. The results of this study suggest that further research on urban spatial structure and freight activity should assess the effects of employment subcenters and how their particular employment composition and characteristics are associated with freight activities at the metropolitan level. Such an approach would lead to more precise policy recommendations for urban goods movement.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54821199,"asset_id":34959118,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2621122,"first_name":"Andy","last_name":"Hong","domain_name":"utah","page_name":"AndyHong","display_name":"Andy Hong","profile_url":"https://utah.academia.edu/AndyHong?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2621122/830641/11479501/s65_andy.hong.jpg"},{"id":52066541,"first_name":"Marlon G.","last_name":"Boarnet","domain_name":"usc","page_name":"MarlonGBoarnet","display_name":"Marlon G. Boarnet","profile_url":"https://usc.academia.edu/MarlonGBoarnet?f_ri=169916","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":10432,"name":"Transportation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transportation?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5065420" data-work_id="5065420" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5065420/Policentralidad_a_partir_de_los_patrones_viaje_actividad_en_la_ZMVM">Policentralidad a partir de los patrones viaje-actividad en la ZMVM </a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5065420" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a3f0ed5ac9ccc3ababc6510f072ddeea" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33963163,"asset_id":5065420,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33963163/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="316808" href="https://uam-cuajimalpa.academia.edu/SalomonGonzalez">Salomon Gonzalez Arellano</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="316808" type="text/json">{"id":316808,"first_name":"Salomon","last_name":"Gonzalez Arellano","domain_name":"uam-cuajimalpa","page_name":"SalomonGonzalez","display_name":"Salomon Gonzalez Arellano","profile_url":"https://uam-cuajimalpa.academia.edu/SalomonGonzalez?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/316808/78290/3990692/s65_salomon.gonzalez.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5065420 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5065420"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5065420, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5065420", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5065420]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5065420").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5065420").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5065420"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22428" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_geography">Time geography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="22428" type="text/json">{"id":22428,"name":"Time geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_geography?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="62403" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_form">Urban form</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="62403" type="text/json">{"id":62403,"name":"Urban form","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_form?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="86138" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mexico_City">Mexico City</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="86138" type="text/json">{"id":86138,"name":"Mexico City","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mexico_City?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5065420]'), work: {"id":5065420,"title":"Policentralidad a partir de los patrones viaje-actividad en la ZMVM ","created_at":"2013-11-11T12:55:46.880-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5065420/Policentralidad_a_partir_de_los_patrones_viaje_actividad_en_la_ZMVM?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_5065420","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33963163,"asset_id":5065420,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":316808,"first_name":"Salomon","last_name":"Gonzalez Arellano","domain_name":"uam-cuajimalpa","page_name":"SalomonGonzalez","display_name":"Salomon Gonzalez Arellano","profile_url":"https://uam-cuajimalpa.academia.edu/SalomonGonzalez?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/316808/78290/3990692/s65_salomon.gonzalez.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":22428,"name":"Time geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_geography?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":62403,"name":"Urban form","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_form?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":86138,"name":"Mexico City","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mexico_City?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36010696" data-work_id="36010696" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36010696/A_STUDY_OF_THE_IMPACT_OF_THIRD_SPACES_BARS_CAFESAND_SPECIFIC_RESTURENTS_ETC_ON_URBAN_SPATIALSTRUCTURE_SPECIAL_REFERENCE_TO_CITY_OF_COLOMBO">A STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF THIRD SPACES (BARS, CAFESAND SPECIFIC RESTURENTS ETC.) ON URBAN SPATIALSTRUCTURE: SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CITY OF COLOMBO</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">As a collection of lively phenomenon city, life is dependent on series of factors which define the urban spatial structure also. Conventional urban planning typically takes the view that the classification of city activities as... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36010696" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">As a collection of lively phenomenon city, life is dependent on series of factors which define the urban spatial structure also. Conventional urban planning typically takes the view that the classification of city activities as commercial, institutional, residential, public, etc. But understanding the urban space in the category of third spaces, gives that real meaning of the urban space. According to that classification there are three spaces as first (home), second (Work place) and third (Other) spaces in the urban environment. In urban planning the second space is the mostly concerned space. There are many different activity based locations and those can be identified within the category of 'third spaces', but the ones such as pubs, bars, cafes, special restaurants, brothel houses, illegal drug spots etc. are a special category that is generally regarded as 'not-so-desired' activities in a city but more functioning locations of the city. But this category of third spaces is not getting the attention of the urban planning activities. Accordingly this paper examines the influence of the third spaces (bars, pubs, and specific restaurants etc.) distribution pattern on the urban spatial structure of Colombo Municipal Council area. In further it describes how these third spaces impact to the urban spatial structure and explores the relationships between the Third spaces location patterns and the spatial structure element of the City of Colombo using Correlation analysis. Through the understanding derived from the analysis, this paper calls for the due attention of the planners and urban designers for planning and designing the city environments to identify the hidden third spaces. And also to identify the vital role of locations of this category of third spaces and the distribution pattern that makes the cities more active and vibrant.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36010696" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bb027d3f47013081288ae8d855dc7e59" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55897177,"asset_id":36010696,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55897177/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5836481" href="https://mrt.academia.edu/NamalAnuradha">Namal Anuradha</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5836481" type="text/json">{"id":5836481,"first_name":"Namal","last_name":"Anuradha","domain_name":"mrt","page_name":"NamalAnuradha","display_name":"Namal Anuradha","profile_url":"https://mrt.academia.edu/NamalAnuradha?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5836481/2505707/2909426/s65_namal.anuradha.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36010696 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36010696"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36010696, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36010696", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_36010696 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36010696; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_36010696"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_36010696 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36010696"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36010696; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36010696]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36010696").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36010696").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36010696"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4808" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning">Urban Planning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4808" type="text/json">{"id":4808,"name":"Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6160" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Aided_Design">Computer Aided Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6160" type="text/json">{"id":6160,"name":"Computer Aided Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Aided_Design?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7628" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Morphology">Urban Morphology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7628" type="text/json">{"id":7628,"name":"Urban Morphology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Morphology?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23791" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Third_Space">Third Space</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="23791" type="text/json">{"id":23791,"name":"Third Space","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Third_Space?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36010696]'), work: {"id":36010696,"title":"A STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF THIRD SPACES (BARS, CAFESAND SPECIFIC RESTURENTS ETC.) ON URBAN SPATIALSTRUCTURE: SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CITY OF COLOMBO","created_at":"2018-02-25T07:28:26.485-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36010696/A_STUDY_OF_THE_IMPACT_OF_THIRD_SPACES_BARS_CAFESAND_SPECIFIC_RESTURENTS_ETC_ON_URBAN_SPATIALSTRUCTURE_SPECIAL_REFERENCE_TO_CITY_OF_COLOMBO?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_36010696","summary":"As a collection of lively phenomenon city, life is dependent on series of factors which define the urban spatial structure also. Conventional urban planning typically takes the view that the classification of city activities as commercial, institutional, residential, public, etc. But understanding the urban space in the category of third spaces, gives that real meaning of the urban space. According to that classification there are three spaces as first (home), second (Work place) and third (Other) spaces in the urban environment. In urban planning the second space is the mostly concerned space. There are many different activity based locations and those can be identified within the category of 'third spaces', but the ones such as pubs, bars, cafes, special restaurants, brothel houses, illegal drug spots etc. are a special category that is generally regarded as 'not-so-desired' activities in a city but more functioning locations of the city. But this category of third spaces is not getting the attention of the urban planning activities. Accordingly this paper examines the influence of the third spaces (bars, pubs, and specific restaurants etc.) distribution pattern on the urban spatial structure of Colombo Municipal Council area. In further it describes how these third spaces impact to the urban spatial structure and explores the relationships between the Third spaces location patterns and the spatial structure element of the City of Colombo using Correlation analysis. Through the understanding derived from the analysis, this paper calls for the due attention of the planners and urban designers for planning and designing the city environments to identify the hidden third spaces. And also to identify the vital role of locations of this category of third spaces and the distribution pattern that makes the cities more active and vibrant.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55897177,"asset_id":36010696,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5836481,"first_name":"Namal","last_name":"Anuradha","domain_name":"mrt","page_name":"NamalAnuradha","display_name":"Namal Anuradha","profile_url":"https://mrt.academia.edu/NamalAnuradha?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5836481/2505707/2909426/s65_namal.anuradha.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4808,"name":"Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":6160,"name":"Computer Aided Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Aided_Design?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":7628,"name":"Urban Morphology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Morphology?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":23791,"name":"Third Space","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Third_Space?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":33187,"name":"Space Syntax (Research Methodology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Space_Syntax_Research_Methodology_?f_ri=169916"},{"id":61835,"name":"Urban Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Design?f_ri=169916"},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916"},{"id":1009312,"name":"Geographic Information Systems (GIS)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geographic_Information_Systems_GIS_?f_ri=169916"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_47425872" data-work_id="47425872" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/47425872/WHAT_KIND_OF_CITY_ARE_WE_BUILDING_WHAT_KIND_OF_CITY_DO_WE_WANT_TO_BUILD_Re_viewing_three_different_urban_developments_in_metropolitan_areas">WHAT KIND OF CITY ARE WE BUILDING? WHAT KIND OF CITY DO WE WANT TO BUILD? Re-viewing three different urban developments in metropolitan areas</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/47425872" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2288c59f90c405d1faaa7a365da85fe9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66524238,"asset_id":47425872,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66524238/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11829828" href="https://gda.academia.edu/PiotrSmolnicki">Piotr M SMOLNICKI</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11829828" type="text/json">{"id":11829828,"first_name":"Piotr","last_name":"SMOLNICKI","domain_name":"gda","page_name":"PiotrSmolnicki","display_name":"Piotr M SMOLNICKI","profile_url":"https://gda.academia.edu/PiotrSmolnicki?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11829828/3412745/17644083/s65_piotr_marek.smolnicki.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_47425872 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="47425872"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 47425872, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_47425872", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=47425872]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_47425872").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_47425872").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="47425872"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="908629" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Structures">Spatial Structures</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="908629" type="text/json">{"id":908629,"name":"Spatial Structures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Structures?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=47425872]'), work: {"id":47425872,"title":"WHAT KIND OF CITY ARE WE BUILDING? WHAT KIND OF CITY DO WE WANT TO BUILD? Re-viewing three different urban developments in metropolitan areas","created_at":"2021-04-22T04:06:14.671-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/47425872/WHAT_KIND_OF_CITY_ARE_WE_BUILDING_WHAT_KIND_OF_CITY_DO_WE_WANT_TO_BUILD_Re_viewing_three_different_urban_developments_in_metropolitan_areas?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_47425872","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66524238,"asset_id":47425872,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11829828,"first_name":"Piotr","last_name":"SMOLNICKI","domain_name":"gda","page_name":"PiotrSmolnicki","display_name":"Piotr M SMOLNICKI","profile_url":"https://gda.academia.edu/PiotrSmolnicki?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11829828/3412745/17644083/s65_piotr_marek.smolnicki.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":908629,"name":"Spatial Structures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Structures?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_32653553" data-work_id="32653553" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32653553/Localizaci%C3%B3n_concentraci%C3%B3n_y_separaci%C3%B3n_espacial_de_la_oferta_y_demanda_laboral_en_las_Zonas_Metropolitanas_de_M%C3%A9xico_el_caso_de_Toluca">Localización, concentración y separación espacial de la oferta y demanda laboral en las Zonas Metropolitanas de México, el caso de Toluca</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a 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class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="954522" href="https://colmex.academia.edu/AlejandraTrejo">Alejandra Trejo Nieto</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="954522" type="text/json">{"id":954522,"first_name":"Alejandra","last_name":"Trejo Nieto","domain_name":"colmex","page_name":"AlejandraTrejo","display_name":"Alejandra Trejo Nieto","profile_url":"https://colmex.academia.edu/AlejandraTrejo?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/954522/2697628/127750535/s65_alejandra.trejo_nieto.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_32653553 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="32653553"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong 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data-work-id="32653553"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32653553; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=32653553]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_32653553").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_32653553").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="32653553"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="54364" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Labor_Markets">Labor Markets</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="54364" type="text/json">{"id":54364,"name":"Labor Markets","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Labor_Markets?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=32653553]'), work: {"id":32653553,"title":"Localización, concentración y separación espacial de la oferta y demanda laboral en las Zonas Metropolitanas de México, el caso de Toluca","created_at":"2017-04-25T15:03:44.746-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/32653553/Localizaci%C3%B3n_concentraci%C3%B3n_y_separaci%C3%B3n_espacial_de_la_oferta_y_demanda_laboral_en_las_Zonas_Metropolitanas_de_M%C3%A9xico_el_caso_de_Toluca?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_32653553","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52821988,"asset_id":32653553,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":954522,"first_name":"Alejandra","last_name":"Trejo Nieto","domain_name":"colmex","page_name":"AlejandraTrejo","display_name":"Alejandra Trejo Nieto","profile_url":"https://colmex.academia.edu/AlejandraTrejo?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/954522/2697628/127750535/s65_alejandra.trejo_nieto.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":54364,"name":"Labor Markets","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Labor_Markets?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4715892" data-work_id="4715892" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4715892/LA_ACCESIBILIDAD_ESPACIAL_EN_LA_DEFINICION_DE_TERRITORIOS_INTELIGENTES">LA ACCESIBILIDAD ESPACIAL EN LA DEFINICION DE TERRITORIOS INTELIGENTES</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Palabras Clave: accesibilidad espacial, estructura, ciudades, movilidad.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bottom_Up">Bottom Up</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="904692" type="text/json">{"id":904692,"name":"Bottom Up","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bottom_Up?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4715892]'), work: {"id":4715892,"title":"LA ACCESIBILIDAD ESPACIAL EN LA DEFINICION DE TERRITORIOS INTELIGENTES","created_at":"2013-10-08T11:35:26.948-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4715892/LA_ACCESIBILIDAD_ESPACIAL_EN_LA_DEFINICION_DE_TERRITORIOS_INTELIGENTES?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_4715892","summary":"Palabras Clave: accesibilidad espacial, estructura, ciudades, 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Down","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Top_Down?f_ri=169916"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10682316" data-work_id="10682316" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10682316/WHAT_IS_AN_URBAN_STRUCTURE_THE_CHALLENGE_OF_FORESEEING_21ST_CENTURY_SPATIAL_PATTERNS_OF_THE_URBAN_ECONOMY">WHAT IS AN URBAN STRUCTURE? THE CHALLENGE OF FORESEEING 21ST CENTURY SPATIAL PATTERNS OF THE URBAN ECONOMY</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Urban geographers (and urban economic geographers in particular) have, at least since the early twentieth century, examined the way in which cities spread out across space, occupy it and transform it: the resulting patterns and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10682316" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Urban geographers (and urban economic geographers in particular) have, at least since the early twentieth century, examined the way in which cities spread out across space, occupy it and transform it: the resulting patterns and regularities are often called „urban structure‟, and numerous questions derive from this concept – such as whether or not all cities share an underlying common structure, whether the same or similar processes modify these structures, and the influence of context (be it cultural, political or geographic) on the material outcome of these processes. Furthermore the idea of urban structure itself is problematic, since any given city is structured in multiple ways along multiple dimensions, as postmodern thinkers have emphasised. This paper sets out to discuss what is meant by urban structure – focussing more particularly on cities‟ economies -, to broadly summarise some of the general patterns and processes that govern the geography of economic activity within cities, and to tentatively propose a framework for conducting relevant empirical research and for thinking about how urban economic patterns will evolve over the coming years.<br /><br />Key Words: Urban structure; urban theory; empirical analysis; metropolitan; processes; urban economy</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10682316" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="545111c9b45036294dfb59a7e51c0700" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36588665,"asset_id":10682316,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36588665/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26073839" href="https://mcgill.academia.edu/RShearmur">Richard Shearmur</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26073839" type="text/json">{"id":26073839,"first_name":"Richard","last_name":"Shearmur","domain_name":"mcgill","page_name":"RShearmur","display_name":"Richard Shearmur","profile_url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/RShearmur?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26073839/7163231/8067037/s65_richard.shearmur.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10682316 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10682316"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10682316, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10682316", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10682316]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10682316").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10682316").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10682316"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="277" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Geography">Urban Geography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="277" type="text/json">{"id":277,"name":"Urban Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Geography?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10682316]'), work: {"id":10682316,"title":"WHAT IS AN URBAN STRUCTURE? THE CHALLENGE OF FORESEEING 21ST CENTURY SPATIAL PATTERNS OF THE URBAN ECONOMY","created_at":"2015-02-10T11:12:31.581-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10682316/WHAT_IS_AN_URBAN_STRUCTURE_THE_CHALLENGE_OF_FORESEEING_21ST_CENTURY_SPATIAL_PATTERNS_OF_THE_URBAN_ECONOMY?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_10682316","summary":"Urban geographers (and urban economic geographers in particular) have, at least since the early twentieth century, examined the way in which cities spread out across space, occupy it and transform it: the resulting patterns and regularities are often called „urban structure‟, and numerous questions derive from this concept – such as whether or not all cities share an underlying common structure, whether the same or similar processes modify these structures, and the influence of context (be it cultural, political or geographic) on the material outcome of these processes. Furthermore the idea of urban structure itself is problematic, since any given city is structured in multiple ways along multiple dimensions, as postmodern thinkers have emphasised. This paper sets out to discuss what is meant by urban structure – focussing more particularly on cities‟ economies -, to broadly summarise some of the general patterns and processes that govern the geography of economic activity within cities, and to tentatively propose a framework for conducting relevant empirical research and for thinking about how urban economic patterns will evolve over the coming years.\n\nKey Words: Urban structure; urban theory; empirical analysis; metropolitan; processes; urban economy","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36588665,"asset_id":10682316,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26073839,"first_name":"Richard","last_name":"Shearmur","domain_name":"mcgill","page_name":"RShearmur","display_name":"Richard Shearmur","profile_url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/RShearmur?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26073839/7163231/8067037/s65_richard.shearmur.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":277,"name":"Urban Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Geography?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1288314" data-work_id="1288314" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1288314/Evoluci%C3%B3n_espacial_de_las_desigualdades_salariales_en_las_ciudades_mexicanas_el_efecto_de_la_inversi%C3%B3n_directa_extranjera">Evolución espacial de las desigualdades salariales en las ciudades mexicanas: el efecto de la inversión directa extranjera</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1288314" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="67c8dca08888332175aef49f86c65ae8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":7908521,"asset_id":1288314,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/7908521/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="316808" href="https://uam-cuajimalpa.academia.edu/SalomonGonzalez">Salomon Gonzalez Arellano</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="316808" type="text/json">{"id":316808,"first_name":"Salomon","last_name":"Gonzalez Arellano","domain_name":"uam-cuajimalpa","page_name":"SalomonGonzalez","display_name":"Salomon Gonzalez Arellano","profile_url":"https://uam-cuajimalpa.academia.edu/SalomonGonzalez?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/316808/78290/3990692/s65_salomon.gonzalez.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1288314 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span 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InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="1288314"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1288314; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1288314]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1288314").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1288314").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1288314"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="277" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Geography">Urban Geography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="277" type="text/json">{"id":277,"name":"Urban Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Geography?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1362" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Analysis">Spatial Analysis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1362" type="text/json">{"id":1362,"name":"Spatial Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Analysis?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7725" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Studies">Urban Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7725" type="text/json">{"id":7725,"name":"Urban Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Studies?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1288314]'), work: {"id":1288314,"title":"Evolución espacial de las desigualdades salariales en las ciudades mexicanas: el efecto de la inversión directa extranjera","created_at":"2012-01-25T08:20:19.171-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1288314/Evoluci%C3%B3n_espacial_de_las_desigualdades_salariales_en_las_ciudades_mexicanas_el_efecto_de_la_inversi%C3%B3n_directa_extranjera?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_1288314","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":7908521,"asset_id":1288314,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":316808,"first_name":"Salomon","last_name":"Gonzalez Arellano","domain_name":"uam-cuajimalpa","page_name":"SalomonGonzalez","display_name":"Salomon Gonzalez Arellano","profile_url":"https://uam-cuajimalpa.academia.edu/SalomonGonzalez?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/316808/78290/3990692/s65_salomon.gonzalez.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":277,"name":"Urban Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Geography?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":1362,"name":"Spatial Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Analysis?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":7725,"name":"Urban Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Studies?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":371259,"name":"Metropolization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metropolization?f_ri=169916"},{"id":371260,"name":"Residential segregation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Residential_segregation?f_ri=169916"},{"id":371266,"name":"Monterrey","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monterrey?f_ri=169916"},{"id":371267,"name":"Mexican cities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mexican_cities?f_ri=169916"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_49682810" data-work_id="49682810" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49682810/Urban_Spatial_Structure_of_High_density_of_Urban_Village_Assessments_Concept_and_Strategies_towards_Sustainable_Settlement_">Urban Spatial Structure of High density of Urban Village (Assessments, Concept and Strategies towards Sustainable Settlement)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Bandung got the 4th rank as a populated city in Indonesia, and similar with many Indonesian big cities, especially in Java Island face the complex of demography’s problem on an urban spatial structure associated with the population... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_49682810" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Bandung got the 4th rank as a populated city in Indonesia, and similar with many Indonesian big cities, especially in Java Island face the complex of demography’s problem on an urban spatial structure associated with the population growth, such as land use, water supply, equipping settlement and its facilities. Bandung is clustered of urban village, which is spread across the city, formed in the strategic point of downtown. Tamansari is one of many urban villages in Bandung, that have a strong historical correlation with Bandung development, even to the present. This phenomena was made the environmental chaos of the central city became linked to the social problem of urban life. In addition, claims about higher densities suggest benefits in energy savings through combined heat and power (CHP) provision, but that benefits might be outweighed by the loss of open space. (Moughtin, et al. 2005). This provision of open an especially green space is included: reduced surface and air temper...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/49682810" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b4131b25fea94eaebb9f45dbf5670f05" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67965731,"asset_id":49682810,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67965731/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="116710777" href="https://independent.academia.edu/betaparamita">beta paramita</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="116710777" type="text/json">{"id":116710777,"first_name":"beta","last_name":"paramita","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"betaparamita","display_name":"beta paramita","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/betaparamita?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/5e9830b07ef04c23bfb032a0a343cbd6?s=65"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_49682810 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="49682810"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 49682810, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_49682810", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_49682810 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49682810; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_49682810"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_49682810 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="49682810"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49682810; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=49682810]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_49682810").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_49682810").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="49682810"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="62403" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_form">Urban form</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="62403" type="text/json">{"id":62403,"name":"Urban form","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_form?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="955503" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dense_Area">Dense Area</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="955503" type="text/json">{"id":955503,"name":"Dense Area","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dense_Area?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=49682810]'), work: {"id":49682810,"title":"Urban Spatial Structure of High density of Urban Village (Assessments, Concept and Strategies towards Sustainable Settlement)","created_at":"2021-07-10T03:17:37.323-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/49682810/Urban_Spatial_Structure_of_High_density_of_Urban_Village_Assessments_Concept_and_Strategies_towards_Sustainable_Settlement_?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_49682810","summary":"Bandung got the 4th rank as a populated city in Indonesia, and similar with many Indonesian big cities, especially in Java Island face the complex of demography’s problem on an urban spatial structure associated with the population growth, such as land use, water supply, equipping settlement and its facilities. Bandung is clustered of urban village, which is spread across the city, formed in the strategic point of downtown. Tamansari is one of many urban villages in Bandung, that have a strong historical correlation with Bandung development, even to the present. This phenomena was made the environmental chaos of the central city became linked to the social problem of urban life. In addition, claims about higher densities suggest benefits in energy savings through combined heat and power (CHP) provision, but that benefits might be outweighed by the loss of open space. (Moughtin, et al. 2005). This provision of open an especially green space is included: reduced surface and air temper...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67965731,"asset_id":49682810,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":116710777,"first_name":"beta","last_name":"paramita","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"betaparamita","display_name":"beta paramita","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/betaparamita?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/5e9830b07ef04c23bfb032a0a343cbd6?s=65"}],"research_interests":[{"id":62403,"name":"Urban form","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_form?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":955503,"name":"Dense Area","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dense_Area?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42729240" data-work_id="42729240" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42729240/New_towns_and_the_local_agglomeration_economy">New towns and the local agglomeration economy</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Ever since their first establishment in Britain in 1946, new towns have become commonplace globally as a means to accommodate spillover populations from urban areas. Many of the planned new towns have a goal of creating self-contained... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42729240" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Ever since their first establishment in Britain in 1946, new towns have become commonplace globally as a means to accommodate spillover populations from urban areas. Many of the planned new towns have a goal of creating self-contained communities with sufficient local jobs. However, despite over seventy years of new town development, few studies have examined whether and to what extent an intra-urban agglomeration economy has formed within these towns. This paper adds to the literature on new towns’ spatial planning and performance by investigating the local agglomeration economy in new towns through employment sub-centres, with Hong Kong as the study area. We identify employment centres from 2000 to 2015 to map changes in the spatio-economic structure. Our results reveal that only a few of these primary employment centres exhibit strong location agglomeration: the proportion of jobs in the long-established urban core remained stable, while the agglomeration economies in new towns have not gained much momentum in attracting a larger proportion of the city’s total employment. The new towns’ sub-centres also indicate a similar industrial composition, and seemingly fail to foster local specialisation-based economies.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42729240" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="df09eec9d41e77b321f3eebba9824453" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62946213,"asset_id":42729240,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62946213/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="54663095" href="https://cuhk.academia.edu/SylviaHe">Sylvia He</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="54663095" type="text/json">{"id":54663095,"first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"He","domain_name":"cuhk","page_name":"SylviaHe","display_name":"Sylvia He","profile_url":"https://cuhk.academia.edu/SylviaHe?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/54663095/14414759/74615765/s65_sylvia.he.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42729240 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42729240"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42729240, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42729240", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_42729240 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42729240; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_42729240"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_42729240 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42729240"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42729240; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42729240]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42729240").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42729240").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42729240"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4808" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning">Urban Planning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4808" type="text/json">{"id":4808,"name":"Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24625" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Employment">Employment</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="24625" type="text/json">{"id":24625,"name":"Employment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Employment?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25021" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hong_Kong">Hong Kong</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25021" type="text/json">{"id":25021,"name":"Hong Kong","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hong_Kong?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="33426" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decentralization">Decentralization</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="33426" type="text/json">{"id":33426,"name":"Decentralization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decentralization?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42729240]'), work: {"id":42729240,"title":"New towns and the local agglomeration economy","created_at":"2020-04-13T19:28:49.469-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42729240/New_towns_and_the_local_agglomeration_economy?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_42729240","summary":"Ever since their first establishment in Britain in 1946, new towns have become commonplace globally as a means to accommodate spillover populations from urban areas. Many of the planned new towns have a goal of creating self-contained communities with sufficient local jobs. However, despite over seventy years of new town development, few studies have examined whether and to what extent an intra-urban agglomeration economy has formed within these towns. This paper adds to the literature on new towns’ spatial planning and performance by investigating the local agglomeration economy in new towns through employment sub-centres, with Hong Kong as the study area. We identify employment centres from 2000 to 2015 to map changes in the spatio-economic structure. Our results reveal that only a few of these primary employment centres exhibit strong location agglomeration: the proportion of jobs in the long-established urban core remained stable, while the agglomeration economies in new towns have not gained much momentum in attracting a larger proportion of the city’s total employment. The new towns’ sub-centres also indicate a similar industrial composition, and seemingly fail to foster local specialisation-based economies.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62946213,"asset_id":42729240,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":54663095,"first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"He","domain_name":"cuhk","page_name":"SylviaHe","display_name":"Sylvia He","profile_url":"https://cuhk.academia.edu/SylviaHe?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/54663095/14414759/74615765/s65_sylvia.he.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4808,"name":"Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":24625,"name":"Employment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Employment?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":25021,"name":"Hong Kong","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hong_Kong?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":33426,"name":"Decentralization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decentralization?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":64905,"name":"CBD","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CBD?f_ri=169916"},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916"},{"id":244067,"name":"Urban Planning and New Towns","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning_and_New_Towns?f_ri=169916"},{"id":366263,"name":"Agglomeration Economies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agglomeration_Economies?f_ri=169916"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38351002" data-work_id="38351002" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38351002/A_Perfectionist_Basic_Structure">A Perfectionist Basic Structure</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">When philosophers talk about perfectionism, it is usually as a view of well-being, of developing characteristically human capacities. Yet perfectionism can also be a normative account of what we owe to each other. This article argues that... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38351002" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">When philosophers talk about perfectionism, it is usually as a view of well-being, of developing characteristically human capacities. Yet perfectionism can also be a normative account of what we owe to each other. This article argues that perfectionists have reason to endorse a perfectionist basic structure such that enables persons to develop and exercise their human capacities in meaningful ways. This basic structure has two complementary features: First, it enables a diversity of life experiences. Second, it provides a spatial opportunity structure that creates open-minded environments. Absent these features, rich or lucky individuals gain an unfair advantage in the sphere of opportunities for developing their capacities in meaningful ways.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38351002" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="49f714e0ed66ee377f00a59b15a5c9be" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65706449,"asset_id":38351002,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65706449/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="629457" href="https://csregistry.academia.edu/AvigailFerdman">Avigail Ferdman</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="629457" type="text/json">{"id":629457,"first_name":"Avigail","last_name":"Ferdman","domain_name":"csregistry","page_name":"AvigailFerdman","display_name":"Avigail Ferdman","profile_url":"https://csregistry.academia.edu/AvigailFerdman?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/629457/3033171/16045064/s65_avigail.ferdman.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38351002 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38351002"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38351002, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38351002", }); 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Yet perfectionism can also be a normative account of what we owe to each other. This article argues that perfectionists have reason to endorse a perfectionist basic structure such that enables persons to develop and exercise their human capacities in meaningful ways. This basic structure has two complementary features: First, it enables a diversity of life experiences. Second, it provides a spatial opportunity structure that creates open-minded environments. Absent these features, rich or lucky individuals gain an unfair advantage in the sphere of opportunities for developing their capacities in meaningful ways.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65706449,"asset_id":38351002,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":629457,"first_name":"Avigail","last_name":"Ferdman","domain_name":"csregistry","page_name":"AvigailFerdman","display_name":"Avigail Ferdman","profile_url":"https://csregistry.academia.edu/AvigailFerdman?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/629457/3033171/16045064/s65_avigail.ferdman.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9870,"name":"Distributive Justice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distributive_Justice?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":10933,"name":"Moral Perfectionism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moral_Perfectionism?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":16449,"name":"Perfectionism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perfectionism?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":47108,"name":"Equal Opportunities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Equal_Opportunities?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":63718,"name":"Political Perfectionism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Perfectionism?f_ri=169916"},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916"},{"id":243463,"name":"Opportunities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Opportunities?f_ri=169916"},{"id":470230,"name":"Human Capacity Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Capacity_Development?f_ri=169916"},{"id":977205,"name":"Transformation of Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transformation_of_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_20400765" data-work_id="20400765" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20400765/Self_Storage_Cities_a_New_Typology_of_Sub_urban_Enclave_Abstract_">Self Storage Cities: a New Typology of (Sub)urban Enclave. [Abstract]</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Storage facilities are exhibiting an unparalleled growth in recent years: according to the Self Storage Association, the self-storage industry has been the fastest growing segment of the commercial real estate industry over the last 40... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_20400765" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Storage facilities are exhibiting an unparalleled growth in recent years: according to the Self Storage Association, the self-storage industry has been the fastest growing segment of the commercial real estate industry over the last 40 years. It has been considered by Wall Street Analysts to be “recession-resistant”.  As of yearend 2013, there are more than 48,500 storage facilities in the U.S, occupying a total rentable space of 2.3 billion square feet.  This is an area three times the size of Manhattan, New York, and in continuous growth.  From the economic standpoint, self-storage units are extremely lucrative: a non-climate controlled 10’X10’ area of empty space has an asking rent of an average of $115/month .  As of 2013, close to 9% of U.S households currently rent a self storage unit. <br />In The New Urban Sociology, Mark Gottdiener and Ray Hutchinson  write that the contemporary metropolis is the consequence of the complicated and continuing interaction of economic, political, and cultural forces.  This paper examines the phenomenon of storage facilities on a macro-level, as urban/exurban enclaves.  It aims to confront storage cities both as “cities of stuff” and “housing for stuff” within North American urban ecology.  In the periphery, arrays of storage facilities are part of the shipping/manufacturing landscape and assume an identity that goes beyond the sprawl model and anti-urban zoning laws. Within the urban fabric, storage buildings represent both container and camouflage architecture, and are perfect examples of what Professor Crawford calls “background buildings”.  <br />From the socio-economic point of view, storage facilities are fascinating: they embody currently popular issues of surplus, hoarding, and are a physical reminder of the consequence of conspicuous consumerism and planned obsolescence.  The issue of "material excess" becomes an exurban pathology, endemic to a culture of wholesale commerce and warehouse buying experiences. The clutter culture can be mapped and becomes tangible in the form of the 'country of storage facilities', a veritable document to "stuff/ material obesity".                                                          <br />How do we, as architects and urban designers, confront and negotiate with the typology of the self storage facility and the new urban/exurban enclaves that these commercial containers of spaces , clustered at the periphery of cities, have created? How can we better understand the nature of the singularly camouflaged “housing of stuff” often found  in the downtowns of second-tier U.S cities?      The content of these buildings, the “user” if you wish, is constituted entirely of stuff we cannot or do not wish to fit in our homes.  What is it that we store, and why?<br />The enclaves created by self storage cities demand a new terminology within the vocabulary of suburban sprawl, being often part of “light industrial “ parks, finding their natural habitats in the no-man land left behind by city planners, shared by unwanted space of fenced lots, warehouses of dubious nature and non-descript sheds. These sanitized, privatized “secure cities” embody a new type of sprawl within the continuously shifting suburban reality.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/20400765" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fd5f9954e8527d630737739e3e03d89a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46690421,"asset_id":20400765,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46690421/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8799294" href="https://sandiego.academia.edu/MitiAiello">Miti Aiello</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8799294" type="text/json">{"id":8799294,"first_name":"Miti","last_name":"Aiello","domain_name":"sandiego","page_name":"MitiAiello","display_name":"Miti Aiello","profile_url":"https://sandiego.academia.edu/MitiAiello?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8799294/39263979/32554893/s65_miti.aiello.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_20400765 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="20400765"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 20400765, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_20400765", }); 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[Abstract]","created_at":"2016-01-20T00:35:08.218-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/20400765/Self_Storage_Cities_a_New_Typology_of_Sub_urban_Enclave_Abstract_?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_20400765","summary":"Storage facilities are exhibiting an unparalleled growth in recent years: according to the Self Storage Association, the self-storage industry has been the fastest growing segment of the commercial real estate industry over the last 40 years. It has been considered by Wall Street Analysts to be “recession-resistant”. As of yearend 2013, there are more than 48,500 storage facilities in the U.S, occupying a total rentable space of 2.3 billion square feet. This is an area three times the size of Manhattan, New York, and in continuous growth. From the economic standpoint, self-storage units are extremely lucrative: a non-climate controlled 10’X10’ area of empty space has an asking rent of an average of $115/month . As of 2013, close to 9% of U.S households currently rent a self storage unit. \nIn The New Urban Sociology, Mark Gottdiener and Ray Hutchinson write that the contemporary metropolis is the consequence of the complicated and continuing interaction of economic, political, and cultural forces. This paper examines the phenomenon of storage facilities on a macro-level, as urban/exurban enclaves. It aims to confront storage cities both as “cities of stuff” and “housing for stuff” within North American urban ecology. In the periphery, arrays of storage facilities are part of the shipping/manufacturing landscape and assume an identity that goes beyond the sprawl model and anti-urban zoning laws. Within the urban fabric, storage buildings represent both container and camouflage architecture, and are perfect examples of what Professor Crawford calls “background buildings”. \nFrom the socio-economic point of view, storage facilities are fascinating: they embody currently popular issues of surplus, hoarding, and are a physical reminder of the consequence of conspicuous consumerism and planned obsolescence. The issue of \"material excess\" becomes an exurban pathology, endemic to a culture of wholesale commerce and warehouse buying experiences. The clutter culture can be mapped and becomes tangible in the form of the 'country of storage facilities', a veritable document to \"stuff/ material obesity\". \nHow do we, as architects and urban designers, confront and negotiate with the typology of the self storage facility and the new urban/exurban enclaves that these commercial containers of spaces , clustered at the periphery of cities, have created? How can we better understand the nature of the singularly camouflaged “housing of stuff” often found in the downtowns of second-tier U.S cities? The content of these buildings, the “user” if you wish, is constituted entirely of stuff we cannot or do not wish to fit in our homes. What is it that we store, and why?\nThe enclaves created by self storage cities demand a new terminology within the vocabulary of suburban sprawl, being often part of “light industrial “ parks, finding their natural habitats in the no-man land left behind by city planners, shared by unwanted space of fenced lots, warehouses of dubious nature and non-descript sheds. These sanitized, privatized “secure cities” embody a new type of sprawl within the continuously shifting suburban reality.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46690421,"asset_id":20400765,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8799294,"first_name":"Miti","last_name":"Aiello","domain_name":"sandiego","page_name":"MitiAiello","display_name":"Miti Aiello","profile_url":"https://sandiego.academia.edu/MitiAiello?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8799294/39263979/32554893/s65_miti.aiello.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":277,"name":"Urban Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Geography?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":3410,"name":"Urban History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_History?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":7725,"name":"Urban 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Wasteland","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Wasteland?f_ri=169916"},{"id":953322,"name":"Culture and Spatial Urbanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Culture_and_Spatial_Urbanism?f_ri=169916"},{"id":1302590,"name":"History of Urban Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Urban_Design?f_ri=169916"},{"id":1568517,"name":"Games of Urban Activism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Games_of_Urban_Activism?f_ri=169916"},{"id":1806808,"name":"City Games in Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/City_Games_in_Urban_Planning?f_ri=169916"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11545416" data-work_id="11545416" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11545416/The_Four_Urban_Development_Steps_of_the_Ex_Yugoslav_Cities_a_paper_for_the_workshop_Questions_2014_published_in_Acta_Technica_Napocensis_Civil_Engineering_and_Architecture_Vol_57_No_3_2014_">The Four Urban Development Steps of the Ex Yugoslav Cities, a paper for the workshop Questions 2014, published in Acta Technica Napocensis: Civil Engineering & Architecture Vol. 57, No. 3 (2014) </a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">After a morphological study, conducted on various cities of the size 80.000 to 2.000.000 inhabitants in the area of the former Yugoslavia, the ex Yugoslav cities appear to reveal four distinctive and readable urban development faces:... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11545416" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">After a morphological study, conducted on various cities of the size 80.000 to 2.000.000 inhabitants <br />in the area of the former Yugoslavia, the ex Yugoslav cities appear to reveal four distinctive and <br />readable urban development faces: they show four different structural entities in four periods: they <br />were named the „core period“, the „gründerzeit“ period, the „socialist“ period and the <br />„turbourban“ city development period. All of them can be seen as results of the city management <br />streams and the power relationships throughout history and in the carefully constructed <br />appearance of the »socialist urban planning« which established the „respect to the historical urban <br />tradition“ on one side and the „brave new development“ on the other. The city structure <br />comparison of the finally targeted five ex Yugoslav cities - Belgrade, Sarajevo, Split, Priština and <br />Maribor - shows similarities that reveal the phenomena that is unique for all ex Yugoslav cities, be <br />it in the socialist period or in the planning period of the last 20 years of urban management and <br />planning. My paper for the occasion includes my latest research results of the city structure studies <br />I am conducting during my dissertation preparation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11545416" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="496fe873aca887a098dd64d084cdbe38" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37044887,"asset_id":11545416,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37044887/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1684926" href="https://tugraz.academia.edu/AndrejSmid">Andrej Smid</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1684926" type="text/json">{"id":1684926,"first_name":"Andrej","last_name":"Smid","domain_name":"tugraz","page_name":"AndrejSmid","display_name":"Andrej Smid","profile_url":"https://tugraz.academia.edu/AndrejSmid?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1684926/1531388/1860711/s65_andrej.smid.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11545416 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11545416"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11545416, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11545416", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_11545416 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11545416; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_11545416"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_11545416 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11545416"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11545416; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11545416]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_11545416").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_11545416").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11545416"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4808" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning">Urban Planning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4808" type="text/json">{"id":4808,"name":"Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11545416]'), work: {"id":11545416,"title":"The Four Urban Development Steps of the Ex Yugoslav Cities, a paper for the workshop Questions 2014, published in Acta Technica Napocensis: Civil Engineering \u0026 Architecture Vol. 57, No. 3 (2014) ","created_at":"2015-03-20T04:25:43.573-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11545416/The_Four_Urban_Development_Steps_of_the_Ex_Yugoslav_Cities_a_paper_for_the_workshop_Questions_2014_published_in_Acta_Technica_Napocensis_Civil_Engineering_and_Architecture_Vol_57_No_3_2014_?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_11545416","summary":"After a morphological study, conducted on various cities of the size 80.000 to 2.000.000 inhabitants\r\nin the area of the former Yugoslavia, the ex Yugoslav cities appear to reveal four distinctive and\r\nreadable urban development faces: they show four different structural entities in four periods: they\r\nwere named the „core period“, the „gründerzeit“ period, the „socialist“ period and the\r\n„turbourban“ city development period. All of them can be seen as results of the city management\r\nstreams and the power relationships throughout history and in the carefully constructed\r\nappearance of the »socialist urban planning« which established the „respect to the historical urban\r\ntradition“ on one side and the „brave new development“ on the other. The city structure\r\ncomparison of the finally targeted five ex Yugoslav cities - Belgrade, Sarajevo, Split, Priština and\r\nMaribor - shows similarities that reveal the phenomena that is unique for all ex Yugoslav cities, be\r\nit in the socialist period or in the planning period of the last 20 years of urban management and\r\nplanning. My paper for the occasion includes my latest research results of the city structure studies\r\nI am conducting during my dissertation preparation.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37044887,"asset_id":11545416,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1684926,"first_name":"Andrej","last_name":"Smid","domain_name":"tugraz","page_name":"AndrejSmid","display_name":"Andrej Smid","profile_url":"https://tugraz.academia.edu/AndrejSmid?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1684926/1531388/1860711/s65_andrej.smid.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4808,"name":"Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_74952692" data-work_id="74952692" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/74952692/On_the_Nature_of_Spatial_Context">On the Nature of Spatial Context</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The topic of the present paper is spatial context, its complexity and multi-value. It is an attempt to incline to go beyond the location-oriented understanding of the basic notion, beyond the obvious and the perceptive features to the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_74952692" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The topic of the present paper is spatial context, its complexity and multi-value. It is an attempt to incline to go beyond the location-oriented understanding of the basic notion, beyond the obvious and the perceptive features to the psychological or ideological spheres. Grasping the differentiated manifestations of the spatial context allows us to state that its form is impermanent and intangible. Hence the proposal to reflect the context through conventional features, which, according to the author, become the proper point of departure for every redefinition of the concepts resulting from the undertaken designing steps. Streszczenie. Tematem jest kontekst przestrzenny, jego złożoność i wielowartościowość. Jest to próba nakłonienia do wyjścia poza lokalizacyjne rozumienie pojęcia podstawowego, poza cechy oczywiste, dostrzegalne, do sfer takich, jak psychologiczna czy ideowa. Uchwycenie zróżnicowanych manifestacji kontekstu przestrzennego pozwala stwierdzić, że jego postać jest nietrwała, nieuchwytna. Stąd propozycja odzwierciedlenia kontekstu przez umowne własności, które w przekonaniu autora stanowią właściwy punkt wyjścia do każdorazowego redefiniowania pojęcia na potrzeby wynikające z podejmowanych kroków projektowych.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/74952692" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="24b9f902670989702c25a617f0c9283a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":83629231,"asset_id":74952692,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83629231/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="20524502" href="https://zut.academia.edu/RobertBarelkowski">Robert K . Barelkowski</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="20524502" type="text/json">{"id":20524502,"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Barelkowski","domain_name":"zut","page_name":"RobertBarelkowski","display_name":"Robert K . Barelkowski","profile_url":"https://zut.academia.edu/RobertBarelkowski?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20524502/6408046/7248832/s65_robert.barelkowski.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_74952692 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="74952692"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74952692, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_74952692", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_74952692 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74952692; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_74952692"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_74952692 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74952692"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74952692; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74952692]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_74952692").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_74952692").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="74952692"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14640" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architectural_Theory">Architectural Theory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14640" type="text/json">{"id":14640,"name":"Architectural Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architectural_Theory?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16693" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theory_Of_Architecture">Theory Of Architecture</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16693" type="text/json">{"id":16693,"name":"Theory Of Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theory_Of_Architecture?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="61738" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architectural_Design">Architectural Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="61738" type="text/json">{"id":61738,"name":"Architectural Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architectural_Design?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=74952692]'), work: {"id":74952692,"title":"On the Nature of Spatial Context","created_at":"2022-03-30T01:53:45.149-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/74952692/On_the_Nature_of_Spatial_Context?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_74952692","summary":"The topic of the present paper is spatial context, its complexity and multi-value. It is an attempt to incline to go beyond the location-oriented understanding of the basic notion, beyond the obvious and the perceptive features to the psychological or ideological spheres. Grasping the differentiated manifestations of the spatial context allows us to state that its form is impermanent and intangible. Hence the proposal to reflect the context through conventional features, which, according to the author, become the proper point of departure for every redefinition of the concepts resulting from the undertaken designing steps. Streszczenie. Tematem jest kontekst przestrzenny, jego złożoność i wielowartościowość. Jest to próba nakłonienia do wyjścia poza lokalizacyjne rozumienie pojęcia podstawowego, poza cechy oczywiste, dostrzegalne, do sfer takich, jak psychologiczna czy ideowa. Uchwycenie zróżnicowanych manifestacji kontekstu przestrzennego pozwala stwierdzić, że jego postać jest nietrwała, nieuchwytna. Stąd propozycja odzwierciedlenia kontekstu przez umowne własności, które w przekonaniu autora stanowią właściwy punkt wyjścia do każdorazowego redefiniowania pojęcia na potrzeby wynikające z podejmowanych kroków projektowych.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":83629231,"asset_id":74952692,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":20524502,"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Barelkowski","domain_name":"zut","page_name":"RobertBarelkowski","display_name":"Robert K . Barelkowski","profile_url":"https://zut.academia.edu/RobertBarelkowski?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20524502/6408046/7248832/s65_robert.barelkowski.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":14640,"name":"Architectural Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architectural_Theory?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":16693,"name":"Theory Of Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theory_Of_Architecture?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":61738,"name":"Architectural Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architectural_Design?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41100086" data-work_id="41100086" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41100086/Berlin_ou_lexp%C3%A9rience_des_limites">Berlin ou l'expérience des limites</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Cet article se propose de confronter Berlin au concept de limite. Deux points sont abordés : les héritages fondamentaux et recompositions de la structure urbaine puis les modalités de l'inscription spatiale constituant les nouvelles... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41100086" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Cet article se propose de confronter Berlin au concept de limite. Deux points sont abordés :  les héritages fondamentaux et recompositions de la structure urbaine puis les modalités de l'inscription spatiale constituant les nouvelles territorialités des Berlinois. L'objectif de cette étude de cas est de montrer la superposition des discontinuités au sein de la réalité spatiale berlinoise. This article proposes to confront Berlin with the concept of limit. Two points are approached : initially fundamental heritages and recombinings of the urban structure ; then, in the second time, the methods of the space inscription constituting of the new territorialities of the Berliners. The objective of this case study is to show the superposition of discontinuities within berliner space reality.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.persee.fr/doc/tigr_0048-7163_2003_num_29_113_1447" rel="nofollow">https://www.persee.fr/doc/tigr_0048-7163_2003_num_29_113_1447</a></div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41100086" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2ccf58e0faa73b9fecc5a2591dbc2bda" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61358281,"asset_id":41100086,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61358281/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="17815268" href="https://univ-reims.academia.edu/ElisabethDury">Elisabeth Dury</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="17815268" type="text/json">{"id":17815268,"first_name":"Elisabeth","last_name":"Dury","domain_name":"univ-reims","page_name":"ElisabethDury","display_name":"Elisabeth Dury","profile_url":"https://univ-reims.academia.edu/ElisabethDury?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/17815268/8249354/134319845/s65_elisabeth.dury.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41100086 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41100086"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41100086, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41100086", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_41100086 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41100086; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_41100086"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_41100086 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="41100086"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41100086; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41100086]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41100086").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41100086").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="41100086"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="44070" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Berlin">Berlin</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="44070" type="text/json">{"id":44070,"name":"Berlin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Berlin?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2058261" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Territory_and_Territoriality_Studies">Territory and Territoriality Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2058261" type="text/json">{"id":2058261,"name":"Territory and Territoriality Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Territory_and_Territoriality_Studies?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41100086]'), work: {"id":41100086,"title":"Berlin ou l'expérience des limites","created_at":"2019-11-27T15:26:51.400-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41100086/Berlin_ou_lexp%C3%A9rience_des_limites?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_41100086","summary":"Cet article se propose de confronter Berlin au concept de limite. Deux points sont abordés : les héritages fondamentaux et recompositions de la structure urbaine puis les modalités de l'inscription spatiale constituant les nouvelles territorialités des Berlinois. L'objectif de cette étude de cas est de montrer la superposition des discontinuités au sein de la réalité spatiale berlinoise. This article proposes to confront Berlin with the concept of limit. Two points are approached : initially fundamental heritages and recombinings of the urban structure ; then, in the second time, the methods of the space inscription constituting of the new territorialities of the Berliners. The objective of this case study is to show the superposition of discontinuities within berliner space reality.\n\nhttps://www.persee.fr/doc/tigr_0048-7163_2003_num_29_113_1447","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61358281,"asset_id":41100086,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":17815268,"first_name":"Elisabeth","last_name":"Dury","domain_name":"univ-reims","page_name":"ElisabethDury","display_name":"Elisabeth Dury","profile_url":"https://univ-reims.academia.edu/ElisabethDury?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/17815268/8249354/134319845/s65_elisabeth.dury.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":44070,"name":"Berlin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Berlin?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":2058261,"name":"Territory and Territoriality Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Territory_and_Territoriality_Studies?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40067368" data-work_id="40067368" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40067368/THE_SOVIET_LEGACY_IN_THE_URBAN_MORPHOLOGY_OF_MAJOR_RUSSIAN_CITIES">THE SOVIET LEGACY IN THE URBAN MORPHOLOGY OF MAJOR RUSSIAN CITIES</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">All post-Soviet cities look similar. They also demonstrate similar development trends, have similar issues and like no other illustrate the concept of 'path-dependency'. As a consequence of very specific political and economic conditions... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40067368" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">All post-Soviet cities look similar. They also demonstrate similar development trends, have similar issues and like no other illustrate the concept of 'path-dependency'. As a consequence of very specific political and economic conditions for their development, these cities have acquired distinctive features and elements of urban structure, and today's planners have to deal with the imprint left by the Soviet era. Due to the longest history of 'socialist experiment' Russia became the main ground for the implementation of the Soviet urban-planning model and today its cities present a rich empirical base for studying the consequences of the systemic impact of the administrative-command system as a substitute to the market one. The study draws attention to the Russian cities with a population of over 1 million people since the typical problems and the need for the effective urban form are more pronounced there. The author consistently discusses a range of the urban form characteristics of the major Russian cities looking for the similar traits in their morphology. The aspects considered include settlement size and general density along with the spatial distribution of population evaluated by means of three indicators: density profile, density gradient and dispersion index, and also the structural form and the network configuration.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40067368" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4242e93aad2bcaa319b8a8aa1744e447" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60270375,"asset_id":40067368,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60270375/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4346017" href="https://pnrpu.academia.edu/ESaveleva">Ekaterina О . Saveleva</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4346017" type="text/json">{"id":4346017,"first_name":"Ekaterina","last_name":"Saveleva","domain_name":"pnrpu","page_name":"ESaveleva","display_name":"Ekaterina О . Saveleva","profile_url":"https://pnrpu.academia.edu/ESaveleva?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4346017/1748293/38758186/s65__._.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40067368 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40067368"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40067368, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40067368", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_40067368 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40067368; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_40067368"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_40067368 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40067368"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40067368; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40067368]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40067368").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40067368").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40067368"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4808" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning">Urban Planning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4808" type="text/json">{"id":4808,"name":"Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7628" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Morphology">Urban Morphology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7628" type="text/json">{"id":7628,"name":"Urban Morphology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Morphology?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12396" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Post-Soviet_Studies">Post-Soviet Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12396" type="text/json">{"id":12396,"name":"Post-Soviet Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Post-Soviet_Studies?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40067368]'), work: {"id":40067368,"title":"THE SOVIET LEGACY IN THE URBAN MORPHOLOGY OF MAJOR RUSSIAN CITIES","created_at":"2019-08-12T08:28:15.458-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40067368/THE_SOVIET_LEGACY_IN_THE_URBAN_MORPHOLOGY_OF_MAJOR_RUSSIAN_CITIES?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_40067368","summary":"All post-Soviet cities look similar. They also demonstrate similar development trends, have similar issues and like no other illustrate the concept of 'path-dependency'. As a consequence of very specific political and economic conditions for their development, these cities have acquired distinctive features and elements of urban structure, and today's planners have to deal with the imprint left by the Soviet era. Due to the longest history of 'socialist experiment' Russia became the main ground for the implementation of the Soviet urban-planning model and today its cities present a rich empirical base for studying the consequences of the systemic impact of the administrative-command system as a substitute to the market one. The study draws attention to the Russian cities with a population of over 1 million people since the typical problems and the need for the effective urban form are more pronounced there. The author consistently discusses a range of the urban form characteristics of the major Russian cities looking for the similar traits in their morphology. The aspects considered include settlement size and general density along with the spatial distribution of population evaluated by means of three indicators: density profile, density gradient and dispersion index, and also the structural form and the network configuration. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60270375,"asset_id":40067368,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4346017,"first_name":"Ekaterina","last_name":"Saveleva","domain_name":"pnrpu","page_name":"ESaveleva","display_name":"Ekaterina О . Saveleva","profile_url":"https://pnrpu.academia.edu/ESaveleva?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4346017/1748293/38758186/s65__._.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4808,"name":"Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":7628,"name":"Urban Morphology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Morphology?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":12396,"name":"Post-Soviet Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Post-Soviet_Studies?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36215901" data-work_id="36215901" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36215901/Jaki_wp%C5%82yw_na_metropolie_b%C4%99d%C4%85_mia%C5%82y_autonomiczne_pojazdy">Jaki wpływ na metropolie będą miały autonomiczne pojazdy</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Już 20 marca o godz. 18:00 kolejne spotkanie Civic Hub. Tematyką spotkania będą pojazdy autonomiczne, czyli samochody, które docelowo nie będą wymagały kierowcy. Postaramy się odpowiedzieć na pytania o to jak realna jest to wizja, jak... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36215901" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Już 20 marca o godz. 18:00 kolejne spotkanie Civic Hub. Tematyką spotkania będą pojazdy autonomiczne, czyli samochody, które docelowo nie będą wymagały kierowcy. Postaramy się odpowiedzieć na pytania o to jak realna jest to wizja, jak odległa w czasie i co najważniejsze jaki wpływ na nasze miasta będzie miała tak radykalna zmiana w transporcie i codziennej mobilności. „Jaki wpływ na metropolie będą miały autonomiczne pojazdy” opowie Piotr M. Smolnicki – architekt-urbanista, doktorant na Politechnice Gdańskiej w temacie nowoczesnej zautomatyzowanej i współdzielonej mobilności metropolitalnej, ekspert doradzający miastom nt. prowadzenia procesów partycypacji społecznej przy planowaniu przestrzennym. O projekcie SOHJOA Baltic, w ramach którego w Gdańsku opracowany zostanie plan obsługi autonomicznego transportu tzw. „ostatniej mili” dla obszaru Morza Bałtyckiego opowie Magdalena Szymańska, która na co dzień pracuje w Referacie Mobilności Aktywnej Urzędu Miejskiego w Gdańsku, gdzie realizuje projekty z obszaru mobilności. Ukończyła socjologię na Uniwersytecie Gdańskim. Jest doktorem nauk ekonomicznych w zakresie nauk o zarządzaniu. Z kolei Andrzej Wójcicki i Darek Kowalczyk z ADAVIO wprowadzą Was w zagadnienia związane z działaniem pojazdów autonomicznych. Opowiedzą kiedy firmy technologicznie będą gotowe na wprowadzenie autonomicznych samochodów do powszechnego użycia, w jaki sposób auta widzą świat i jak podejmują decyzje. Następnie przewidujemy czas na dyskusję z udziałem wszystkich obecnych na spotkaniu. Tradycyjnie na uczestników spotkania czekać będzie poczęstunek, który sponosoruje diler aut, jeszcze nie autonomicznych ale Mercedes-Benz, Mazda, Smart – BMG Goworowski z Gdańska, Gdyni i Słupska <a href="http://bmg.auto.pl" rel="nofollow">http://bmg.auto.pl</a> . Spotkanie odbędzie się po raz drugi w Strefie Inspiracji w City Meble. Blisko przystanek SKM, autobus, tramwaj. Jest również spory parking, zapewniający darmowy postój do 2h (jednak należy pamiętać o potrzebie pobrania biletu). Więcej na naszej grupie na Facebooku: <a href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/civichub/" rel="nofollow">https://www.facebook.com/groups/civichub/</a> oraz na Meetup: <a href="https://www.meetup.com/pl-PL/Civic-Hub/events/248294414/" rel="nofollow">https://www.meetup.com/pl-PL/Civic-Hub/events/248294414/</a></div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36215901" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="96caf8322003d11aed50b58ad347a5c9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56118573,"asset_id":36215901,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56118573/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11829828" href="https://gda.academia.edu/PiotrSmolnicki">Piotr M SMOLNICKI</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11829828" type="text/json">{"id":11829828,"first_name":"Piotr","last_name":"SMOLNICKI","domain_name":"gda","page_name":"PiotrSmolnicki","display_name":"Piotr M SMOLNICKI","profile_url":"https://gda.academia.edu/PiotrSmolnicki?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11829828/3412745/17644083/s65_piotr_marek.smolnicki.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36215901 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36215901"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36215901, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36215901", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_36215901 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36215901; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_36215901"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_36215901 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36215901"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36215901; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36215901]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36215901").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36215901").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36215901"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4808" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning">Urban Planning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4808" type="text/json">{"id":4808,"name":"Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="84688" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Autonomous_Vehicles">Autonomous Vehicles</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="84688" type="text/json">{"id":84688,"name":"Autonomous Vehicles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Autonomous_Vehicles?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="238585" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure_and_Urban_Strategic_Planning">Urban Spatial Structure and Urban Strategic Planning</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="238585" type="text/json">{"id":238585,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure and Urban Strategic Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure_and_Urban_Strategic_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36215901]'), work: {"id":36215901,"title":"Jaki wpływ na metropolie będą miały autonomiczne pojazdy","created_at":"2018-03-21T01:07:06.694-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36215901/Jaki_wp%C5%82yw_na_metropolie_b%C4%99d%C4%85_mia%C5%82y_autonomiczne_pojazdy?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_36215901","summary":"Już 20 marca o godz. 18:00 kolejne spotkanie Civic Hub. Tematyką spotkania będą pojazdy autonomiczne, czyli samochody, które docelowo nie będą wymagały kierowcy. Postaramy się odpowiedzieć na pytania o to jak realna jest to wizja, jak odległa w czasie i co najważniejsze jaki wpływ na nasze miasta będzie miała tak radykalna zmiana w transporcie i codziennej mobilności. „Jaki wpływ na metropolie będą miały autonomiczne pojazdy” opowie Piotr M. Smolnicki – architekt-urbanista, doktorant na Politechnice Gdańskiej w temacie nowoczesnej zautomatyzowanej i współdzielonej mobilności metropolitalnej, ekspert doradzający miastom nt. prowadzenia procesów partycypacji społecznej przy planowaniu przestrzennym. O projekcie SOHJOA Baltic, w ramach którego w Gdańsku opracowany zostanie plan obsługi autonomicznego transportu tzw. „ostatniej mili” dla obszaru Morza Bałtyckiego opowie Magdalena Szymańska, która na co dzień pracuje w Referacie Mobilności Aktywnej Urzędu Miejskiego w Gdańsku, gdzie realizuje projekty z obszaru mobilności. Ukończyła socjologię na Uniwersytecie Gdańskim. Jest doktorem nauk ekonomicznych w zakresie nauk o zarządzaniu. Z kolei Andrzej Wójcicki i Darek Kowalczyk z ADAVIO wprowadzą Was w zagadnienia związane z działaniem pojazdów autonomicznych. Opowiedzą kiedy firmy technologicznie będą gotowe na wprowadzenie autonomicznych samochodów do powszechnego użycia, w jaki sposób auta widzą świat i jak podejmują decyzje. Następnie przewidujemy czas na dyskusję z udziałem wszystkich obecnych na spotkaniu. Tradycyjnie na uczestników spotkania czekać będzie poczęstunek, który sponosoruje diler aut, jeszcze nie autonomicznych ale Mercedes-Benz, Mazda, Smart – BMG Goworowski z Gdańska, Gdyni i Słupska http://bmg.auto.pl . Spotkanie odbędzie się po raz drugi w Strefie Inspiracji w City Meble. Blisko przystanek SKM, autobus, tramwaj. Jest również spory parking, zapewniający darmowy postój do 2h (jednak należy pamiętać o potrzebie pobrania biletu). Więcej na naszej grupie na Facebooku: https://www.facebook.com/groups/civichub/ oraz na Meetup: https://www.meetup.com/pl-PL/Civic-Hub/events/248294414/\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56118573,"asset_id":36215901,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11829828,"first_name":"Piotr","last_name":"SMOLNICKI","domain_name":"gda","page_name":"PiotrSmolnicki","display_name":"Piotr M SMOLNICKI","profile_url":"https://gda.academia.edu/PiotrSmolnicki?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11829828/3412745/17644083/s65_piotr_marek.smolnicki.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4808,"name":"Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":84688,"name":"Autonomous Vehicles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Autonomous_Vehicles?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":238585,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure and Urban Strategic Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure_and_Urban_Strategic_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":516035,"name":"Automated driving","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Automated_driving?f_ri=169916"},{"id":1348357,"name":"Driverless Car","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Driverless_Car?f_ri=169916"},{"id":1762908,"name":"Self-Driving Cars","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self-Driving_Cars?f_ri=169916"},{"id":2609079,"name":"Driverless Shuttles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Driverless_Shuttles?f_ri=169916"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30807621" data-work_id="30807621" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30807621/Density_of_Large_Urban_Areas_in_the_U_S_1950_2010">Density of Large Urban Areas in the U.S., 1950-2010</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Density is a fundamental, defining characteristic of urban areas that has important implications for many other aspects of urban life. Using census tract data for 1950 to 2010, the extent of the built-up urban areas is delineated in a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30807621" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Density is a fundamental, defining characteristic of urban areas that has important implications for many other aspects of urban life. Using census tract data for 1950 to 2010, the extent of the built-up urban areas is delineated in a consistent manner for 59 of the largest metropolitan regions in the United States. Contrary to common expectations of nearly universal decline in urban densities, many areas showed relatively stable densities or even significant increases over the period. The areas with stable or increasing densities were located in the South and, especially for increases in density, in the West. The larger declines in densities occurred in areas in the Northeast and Midwest. Density levels and changes in density were associated with the sizes of areas, prior densities, rates of growth, and the presence of barriers to urban expansion.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30807621" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3e89d045d50dd78725f3039d7578775a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51240465,"asset_id":30807621,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51240465/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2931682" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JohnOttensmann">John Ottensmann</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2931682" type="text/json">{"id":2931682,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Ottensmann","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JohnOttensmann","display_name":"John Ottensmann","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JohnOttensmann?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2931682/15114507/15821325/s65_john.ottensmann.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30807621 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30807621"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30807621, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30807621", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_30807621 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30807621; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_30807621"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_30807621 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="30807621"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30807621; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30807621]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30807621").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30807621").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30807621"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30807621]'), work: {"id":30807621,"title":"Density of Large Urban Areas in the U.S., 1950-2010","created_at":"2017-01-07T16:51:06.030-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30807621/Density_of_Large_Urban_Areas_in_the_U_S_1950_2010?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_30807621","summary":"Density is a fundamental, defining characteristic of urban areas that has important implications for many other aspects of urban life. Using census tract data for 1950 to 2010, the extent of the built-up urban areas is delineated in a consistent manner for 59 of the largest metropolitan regions in the United States. Contrary to common expectations of nearly universal decline in urban densities, many areas showed relatively stable densities or even significant increases over the period. The areas with stable or increasing densities were located in the South and, especially for increases in density, in the West. The larger declines in densities occurred in areas in the Northeast and Midwest. Density levels and changes in density were associated with the sizes of areas, prior densities, rates of growth, and the presence of barriers to urban expansion.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51240465,"asset_id":30807621,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2931682,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Ottensmann","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JohnOttensmann","display_name":"John Ottensmann","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JohnOttensmann?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2931682/15114507/15821325/s65_john.ottensmann.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30115722" data-work_id="30115722" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30115722/PUBLIC_SPACE_AS_AN_ELEMENT_OF_URBAN_STRUCTURE_OF_MODERNISTIC_CITY_CASE_STUDY_OF_THE_GREEN_AXIS_IN_TYCHY_PL_">PUBLIC SPACE AS AN ELEMENT OF URBAN STRUCTURE OF MODERNISTIC CITY. CASE STUDY OF THE GREEN AXIS IN TYCHY [PL]</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A real challenge for the values of public spaces is modernistic urban planning characterized by districts filled with blocks of flats and streets on which cars oust pedestrians. The article addresses elementary but so important issues... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30115722" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A real challenge for the values of public spaces is modernistic urban planning characterized by districts filled with blocks of flats and streets on which cars oust pedestrians. The article addresses elementary but so important issues such as urban planning, spatial structure and also aspects of public spaces – their quality and identity. The author brings up the example of Tychy, a modernistic city which downtown was based on axial plan. The aim of the article is to present the ideas that guided the general designers of the city and the current spatial planning situation of the concept. The author describes the state of development, ownership and socio-economic situations of the area based on the analysis of the planning documents, the current spatial structure of the city, GIS tools and visual inventory.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30115722" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="71cbb24a87dd5b27b60dae00f35e6c27" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50577870,"asset_id":30115722,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50577870/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32128177" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MichalLorbiecki">Michał Lorbiecki</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32128177" type="text/json">{"id":32128177,"first_name":"Michał","last_name":"Lorbiecki","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MichalLorbiecki","display_name":"Michał Lorbiecki","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MichalLorbiecki?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32128177/12256352/13647699/s65_micha_.lorbiecki.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30115722 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30115722"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30115722, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30115722", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_30115722 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30115722; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_30115722"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_30115722 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="30115722"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30115722; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30115722]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30115722").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30115722").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30115722"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4808" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning">Urban Planning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4808" type="text/json">{"id":4808,"name":"Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="30632" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Space">Public Space</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="30632" type="text/json">{"id":30632,"name":"Public Space","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Space?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1821997" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modernistic_architecture">Modernistic architecture</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1821997" type="text/json">{"id":1821997,"name":"Modernistic architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modernistic_architecture?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30115722]'), work: {"id":30115722,"title":"PUBLIC SPACE AS AN ELEMENT OF URBAN STRUCTURE OF MODERNISTIC CITY. CASE STUDY OF THE GREEN AXIS IN TYCHY [PL]","created_at":"2016-11-27T12:52:28.866-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30115722/PUBLIC_SPACE_AS_AN_ELEMENT_OF_URBAN_STRUCTURE_OF_MODERNISTIC_CITY_CASE_STUDY_OF_THE_GREEN_AXIS_IN_TYCHY_PL_?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_30115722","summary":"A real challenge for the values of public spaces is modernistic urban planning characterized by districts filled with blocks of flats and streets on which cars oust pedestrians. The article addresses elementary but so important issues such as urban planning, spatial structure and also aspects of public spaces – their quality and identity. The author brings up the example of Tychy, a modernistic city which downtown was based on axial plan. The aim of the article is to present the ideas that guided the general designers of the city and the current spatial planning situation of the concept. The author describes the state of development, ownership and socio-economic situations of the area based on the analysis of the planning documents, the current spatial structure of the city, GIS tools and visual inventory.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50577870,"asset_id":30115722,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32128177,"first_name":"Michał","last_name":"Lorbiecki","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MichalLorbiecki","display_name":"Michał Lorbiecki","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MichalLorbiecki?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32128177/12256352/13647699/s65_micha_.lorbiecki.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4808,"name":"Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":30632,"name":"Public Space","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Space?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true},{"id":1821997,"name":"Modernistic architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modernistic_architecture?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15230595 coauthored" data-work_id="15230595" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15230595/What_Kind_of_City_are_We_Building_What_Kind_of_City_do_We_Want_to_Build_Re_viewing_three_different_urban_developments_in_metropolitan_areas">What Kind of City are We Building? What Kind of City do We Want to Build? Re-viewing three different urban developments in metropolitan areas</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Almost thirty years ago, United Nations alerted about future human development explaining the concept of sustainable development. In the report “Our common future”, known as Brundtland report, it is said: „Humanity has the ability to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_15230595" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Almost thirty years ago, United Nations <br />alerted about future human development <br />explaining the concept of sustainable <br />development. In the report “Our common <br />future”, known as Brundtland report, it is said: <br />„Humanity has the ability to make <br />development sustainable to ensure <br />that it meets the needs of the present <br />without compromising the ability <br />of future generations to meet their <br />own needs. The concept of sustainable <br />development does imply limits – not <br />absolute limits but limitations imposed <br />by the present state of technology and <br />social organization on environmental <br />resources and by the ability of the <br />biosphere to absorb the effects <br />of human activities. But technology <br />and social organization can be both <br />managed and improved to make way <br />for a new era of economic growth. The <br />Commission believes that widespread <br />poverty is no longer inevitable. Poverty is <br />not only an evil in itself, but sustainable <br />development requires meeting the basic <br />needs of all and extending to all the <br />opportunity to fulfill their aspirations <br />for a better life. A world in which <br />poverty is endemic will always be prone <br />to ecological and other catastrophes.”1 <br />Limitations and social conditions of development <br />are ones of the main ideas of the concept <br />of sustainability. Even they have been presented <br />many years ago, they still prevails. During the <br />last years of XX Century, urban development <br />and sustainability were in discussion. <br />The advantages and disadvantages of two <br />models, the dispersed city and the compact city, <br />were in the center of the debate. Javier Monclús, <br />Francesco Indovina and other recognized town <br />planners and urban researchers pointed out the <br />main effects of a scattered urban development: <br />1. Dispersion of urban areas in the region; <br />2. Social and functional segregation; <br />3. High consume of resource land; <br />4. High consume of energy; <br />5. High emission of pollutants; <br />6. High cost of maintenance and operation. <br />Closer to present days, Bernardo Secchi, <br />another renowned urban planner, noted that <br />the challenges for city management are <br />sustainability, social inclusion and mobility. <br />And these are the questions that are present <br />in the research carried out during these <br />summer months. Therefore, this research <br />proposes to analyze three recent urban <br />developments in metropolitan areas (ryc. 2) <br />that correspond to three different contexts <br />of social and economic development. <br />The research tries to focus on sustainable urban <br />development. For this study, it is assumed <br />that sustainable urban development means: <br />4. an efficient use of resource land and of <br />energy; <br />5. the development of public transport; <br />6. an effective and a correct urban growth <br />management. <br />The three cases show three different ways <br />of answering the demands involving the <br />extension of the built-up areas. Some of them <br />are closer to a sustainable urban development, <br />other more distant, significantly further away. <br />And in all three cases we will find the articulation <br />(and the lack of articulation) between <br />political, design and technical definitions. In <br />all three cases, by action or omission, it is <br />put in value the need to program the growth <br />of the city in accordance with a project <br />and not only with generic urban regulations. <br />The analysis of the three cases allows us <br />to see what kind of city is being built and, also, <br />to draw some lessons that allow us to specify <br />what type of city we can / want to live in and build.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15230595" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="32158038b1d1df890129010daa047af3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38590917,"asset_id":15230595,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38590917/download_file?st=MTc0MDg2MzA2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11829828" href="https://gda.academia.edu/PiotrSmolnicki">Piotr M SMOLNICKI</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11829828" type="text/json">{"id":11829828,"first_name":"Piotr","last_name":"SMOLNICKI","domain_name":"gda","page_name":"PiotrSmolnicki","display_name":"Piotr M SMOLNICKI","profile_url":"https://gda.academia.edu/PiotrSmolnicki?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11829828/3412745/17644083/s65_piotr_marek.smolnicki.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-15230595">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-15230595"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://gda.academia.edu/KarolinaZaj%C4%85czkowska">Karolina Zajączkowska</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-15230595'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-15230595').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_15230595 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15230595"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15230595; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15230595]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_15230595").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_15230595").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="15230595"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure">Urban Spatial Structure</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="169916" type="text/json">{"id":169916,"name":"Urban Spatial Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Spatial_Structure?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="908629" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Structures">Spatial Structures</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="908629" type="text/json">{"id":908629,"name":"Spatial Structures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Structures?f_ri=169916","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=15230595]'), work: {"id":15230595,"title":"What Kind of City are We Building? What Kind of City do We Want to Build? Re-viewing three different urban developments in metropolitan areas","created_at":"2015-08-27T10:10:35.706-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/15230595/What_Kind_of_City_are_We_Building_What_Kind_of_City_do_We_Want_to_Build_Re_viewing_three_different_urban_developments_in_metropolitan_areas?f_ri=169916","dom_id":"work_15230595","summary":"Almost thirty years ago, United Nations\r\nalerted about future human development\r\nexplaining the concept of sustainable\r\ndevelopment. In the report “Our common\r\nfuture”, known as Brundtland report, it is said:\r\n„Humanity has the ability to make\r\ndevelopment sustainable to ensure\r\nthat it meets the needs of the present\r\nwithout compromising the ability\r\nof future generations to meet their\r\nown needs. The concept of sustainable\r\ndevelopment does imply limits – not\r\nabsolute limits but limitations imposed\r\nby the present state of technology and\r\nsocial organization on environmental\r\nresources and by the ability of the\r\nbiosphere to absorb the effects\r\nof human activities. But technology\r\nand social organization can be both\r\nmanaged and improved to make way\r\nfor a new era of economic growth. The\r\nCommission believes that widespread\r\npoverty is no longer inevitable. Poverty is\r\nnot only an evil in itself, but sustainable\r\ndevelopment requires meeting the basic\r\nneeds of all and extending to all the\r\nopportunity to fulfill their aspirations\r\nfor a better life. A world in which\r\npoverty is endemic will always be prone\r\nto ecological and other catastrophes.”1\r\nLimitations and social conditions of development\r\nare ones of the main ideas of the concept\r\nof sustainability. Even they have been presented\r\nmany years ago, they still prevails. During the\r\nlast years of XX Century, urban development\r\nand sustainability were in discussion.\r\nThe advantages and disadvantages of two\r\nmodels, the dispersed city and the compact city,\r\nwere in the center of the debate. Javier Monclús,\r\nFrancesco Indovina and other recognized town\r\nplanners and urban researchers pointed out the\r\nmain effects of a scattered urban development:\r\n1. Dispersion of urban areas in the region;\r\n2. Social and functional segregation;\r\n3. High consume of resource land;\r\n4. High consume of energy;\r\n5. High emission of pollutants;\r\n6. High cost of maintenance and operation.\r\nCloser to present days, Bernardo Secchi,\r\nanother renowned urban planner, noted that\r\nthe challenges for city management are\r\nsustainability, social inclusion and mobility.\r\nAnd these are the questions that are present\r\nin the research carried out during these\r\nsummer months. Therefore, this research\r\nproposes to analyze three recent urban\r\ndevelopments in metropolitan areas (ryc. 2)\r\nthat correspond to three different contexts\r\nof social and economic development.\r\nThe research tries to focus on sustainable urban\r\ndevelopment. For this study, it is assumed\r\nthat sustainable urban development means:\r\n4. an efficient use of resource land and of\r\nenergy;\r\n5. the development of public transport;\r\n6. an effective and a correct urban growth\r\nmanagement.\r\nThe three cases show three different ways\r\nof answering the demands involving the\r\nextension of the built-up areas. Some of them\r\nare closer to a sustainable urban development,\r\nother more distant, significantly further away.\r\nAnd in all three cases we will find the articulation\r\n(and the lack of articulation) between\r\npolitical, design and technical definitions. In\r\nall three cases, by action or omission, it is\r\nput in value the need to program the growth\r\nof the city in accordance with a project\r\nand not only with generic urban regulations.\r\nThe analysis of the three cases allows us\r\nto see what kind of city is being built and, also,\r\nto draw some lessons that allow us to specify\r\nwhat type of city we can / want to live in and build.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38590917,"asset_id":15230595,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11829828,"first_name":"Piotr","last_name":"SMOLNICKI","domain_name":"gda","page_name":"PiotrSmolnicki","display_name":"Piotr M SMOLNICKI","profile_url":"https://gda.academia.edu/PiotrSmolnicki?f_ri=169916","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11829828/3412745/17644083/s65_piotr_marek.smolnicki.jpg"},{"id":35306796,"first_name":"Karolina","last_name":"Zajączkowska","domain_name":"gda","page_name":"KarolinaZajączkowska","display_name":"Karolina 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