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id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E9%94%AE" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E9%94%AE" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-化學鍵的類型" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#化學鍵的類型"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>化學鍵的類型</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-化學鍵的類型-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关化學鍵的類型子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-化學鍵的類型-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-離子鍵" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#離子鍵"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>離子鍵</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-離子鍵-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-離子化合物" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#離子化合物"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>離子化合物</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-離子化合物-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-共價鍵" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#共價鍵"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>共價鍵</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-共價鍵-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-共價化合物" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#共價化合物"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>共價化合物</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-共價化合物-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-極性共價鍵" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#極性共價鍵"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>極性共價鍵</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-極性共價鍵-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-非極性共價鍵" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#非極性共價鍵"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.3</span> <span>非極性共價鍵</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-非極性共價鍵-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-金屬鍵" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#金屬鍵"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>金屬鍵</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-金屬鍵-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-键断裂" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#键断裂"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>键断裂</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-键断裂-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-分子轨道理论" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#分子轨道理论"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>分子轨道理论</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-分子轨道理论-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>參見</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">化学键</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。103种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-103" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">103种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemiese_binding" title="Chemiese binding – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Chemiese binding" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B7%D8%A9_%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="رابطة كيميائية – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رابطة كيميائية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enllaz_qu%C3%ADmicu" title="Enllaz químicu – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Enllaz químicu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimy%C9%99vi_rabit%C9%99" title="Kimyəvi rabitə – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kimyəvi rabitə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8C" title="Хімічная сувязь – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хімічная сувязь" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8C" title="Хімічная сувязь – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Хімічная сувязь" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Химична връзка – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Химична връзка" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%A8" title="রাসায়নিক বন্ধন – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রাসায়নিক বন্ধন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemijska_veza" title="Hemijska veza – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hemijska veza" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlla%C3%A7_qu%C3%ADmic" title="Enllaç químic – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Enllaç químic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hu%C3%A1-h%C5%8Fk-gi%C3%B4ng" title="Huá-hŏk-giông – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Huá-hŏk-giông" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="بەندی کیمیایی – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بەندی کیمیایی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemick%C3%A1_vazba" title="Chemická vazba – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chemická vazba" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5_%C3%A7%D1%8B%D1%85%C4%83%D0%BD%D1%83" title="Химилле çыхăну – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Химилле çыхăну" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bondio_cemegol" title="Bondio cemegol – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Bondio cemegol" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemisk_binding" title="Kemisk binding – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kemisk binding" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemische_Bindung" title="Chemische Bindung – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Chemische Bindung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Χημικός δεσμός – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χημικός δεσμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_bond" title="Chemical bond – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Chemical bond" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemia_ligo" title="Kemia ligo – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kemia ligo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlace_(qu%C3%ADmica)" title="Enlace (química) – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Enlace (química)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keemiline_side" title="Keemiline side – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Keemiline side" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotura_kimiko" title="Lotura kimiko – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Lotura kimiko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF_%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="پیوند شیمیایی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیوند شیمیایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemiallinen_sidos" title="Kemiallinen sidos – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kemiallinen sidos" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liaison_chimique" title="Liaison chimique – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Liaison chimique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasc_ceimiceach" title="Nasc ceimiceach – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Nasc ceimiceach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ly%C3%A8zon_chimik" title="Lyèzon chimik – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Lyèzon chimik" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlace_qu%C3%ADmico" title="Enlace químico – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Enlace químico" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiangley_kemmigagh" title="Kiangley kemmigagh – 马恩语" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Kiangley kemmigagh" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="马恩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A9%D7%A8_%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99" title="קשר כימי – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קשר כימי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A7" title="रासायनिक आबंध – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रासायनिक आबंध" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemijska_veza" title="Kemijska veza – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kemijska veza" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyezon_chimik" title="Lyezon chimik – 海地克里奥尔语" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Lyezon chimik" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地克里奥尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A9miai_k%C3%B6t%C3%A9s" title="Kémiai kötés – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kémiai kötés" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%BA" title="Քիմիական կապ – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քիմիական կապ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikatan_kimia" title="Ikatan kimia – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ikatan kimia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Njik%E1%BB%8D_kem%E1%BB%8Bkal" title="Njikọ kemịkal – 伊博语" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Njikọ kemịkal" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="伊博语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemiala_ligilo" title="Kemiala ligilo – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kemiala ligilo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efnatengi" title="Efnatengi – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Efnatengi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legame_chimico" title="Legame chimico – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Legame chimico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%B5%90%E5%90%88" title="化学結合 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="化学結合" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimikal_ban" title="Kimikal ban – 牙買加克里奧爾英文" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Kimikal ban" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="牙買加克里奧爾英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronc%C3%A8n_kimia" title="Roncèn kimia – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Roncèn kimia" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%91%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90" title="ქიმიური ბმა – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ქიმიური ბმა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turza_takrurant" title="Turza takrurant – 卡拜尔语" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Turza takrurant" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="卡拜尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Химиялық байланыстар – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Химиялық байланыстар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%92%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%B8" title="សម្ព័ន្ធគីមី – 高棉语" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="សម្ព័ន្ធគីមី" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="高棉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95_%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A7" title="ರಾಸಾಯನಿಕ ಬಂಧ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ರಾಸಾಯನಿಕ ಬಂಧ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%99%94%ED%95%99_%EA%B2%B0%ED%95%A9" title="화학 결합 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="화학 결합" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%88" title="Химиялык байланыш – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Химиялык байланыш" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinculum_chemicum" title="Vinculum chemicum – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Vinculum chemicum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligam_chimich" title="Ligam chimich – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Ligam chimich" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheminis_ry%C5%A1ys" title="Cheminis ryšys – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Cheminis ryšys" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B6%C4%ABmisk%C4%81_saite" title="Ķīmiskā saite – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ķīmiskā saite" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Хемиска врска – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хемиска врска" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%82" title="രാസബന്ധനം – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="രാസബന്ധനം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE" title="Химийн холбоо – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Химийн холбоо" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9C_%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A8%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯂꯤꯄꯨꯟ – 曼尼普尔语" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯂꯤꯄꯨꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="曼尼普尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A7" title="रासायनिक बंध – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रासायनिक बंध" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikatan_kimia" title="Ikatan kimia – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ikatan kimia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheemsch_Binnen" title="Cheemsch Binnen – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Cheemsch Binnen" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemische_binding" title="Chemische binding – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Chemische binding" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kjemisk_binding" title="Kjemisk binding – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kjemisk binding" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kjemisk_binding" title="Kjemisk binding – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kjemisk binding" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligam_quimic" title="Ligam quimic – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ligam quimic" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidhoo_keemikaalaa" title="Hidhoo keemikaalaa – 奥罗莫语" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Hidhoo keemikaalaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="奥罗莫语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%8B%E0%A9%9C" title="ਰਸਾਇਣਕ ਜੋੜ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰਸਾਇਣਕ ਜੋੜ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi%C4%85zanie_chemiczne" title="Wiązanie chemiczne – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wiązanie chemiczne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liga%C3%A7%C3%A3o_qu%C3%ADmica" title="Ligação química – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ligação química" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leg%C4%83tur%C4%83_chimic%C4%83" title="Legătură chimică – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Legătură chimică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8C" title="Химическая связь – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Химическая связь" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%8A" title="ڪيميائي بانڊ – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪيميائي بانڊ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemihkala%C5%A1_%C4%8Danus" title="Kemihkalaš čanus – 北方萨米语" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Kemihkalaš čanus" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="北方萨米语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemijska_veza" title="Hemijska veza – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hemijska veza" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B6%B6%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B0%E0%B6%B1" title="රසායනික බන්ධන – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="රසායනික බන්ධන" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_bond" title="Chemical bond – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Chemical bond" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemick%C3%A1_v%C3%A4zba" title="Chemická väzba – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Chemická väzba" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%84_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%88_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A7_%DB%81%DB%92_%D8%9F" title="کیمیکل بانڈ کیا ہے ؟ – 色莱基语" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="کیمیکل بانڈ کیا ہے ؟" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="色莱基语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemi%C4%8Dna_vez" title="Kemična vez – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kemična vez" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lidhja_kimike" title="Lidhja kimike – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Lidhja kimike" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Хемијска веза – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хемијска веза" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beungkeut_kimia" title="Beungkeut kimia – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Beungkeut kimia" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemisk_bindning" title="Kemisk bindning – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kemisk bindning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muungo_kemia" title="Muungo kemia – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Muungo kemia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="வேதியியற் பிணைப்பு – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வேதியியற் பிணைப்பு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%A8_%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A7%E0%B0%82" title="రసాయన బంధం – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రసాయన బంధం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%91%D3%A3" title="Банди кимиёӣ – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Банди кимиёӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5" title="พันธะเคมี – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พันธะเคมี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawing_na_kimikal" title="Kawing na kimikal – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kawing na kimikal" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimyasal_ba%C4%9F" title="Kimyasal bağ – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kimyasal bağ" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%89%D9%85%D9%89%D9%8A%D9%89%D9%84%D9%89%D9%83_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%BA" title="خىمىيىلىك باغ – 维吾尔语" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="خىمىيىلىك باغ" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="维吾尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B2%27%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Хімічний зв'язок – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хімічний зв'язок" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimyoviy_bog%CA%BB" title="Kimyoviy bogʻ – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kimyoviy bogʻ" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%AAn_k%E1%BA%BFt_h%C3%B3a_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Liên kết hóa học – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Liên kết hóa học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumpay_hin_kimikal" title="Sumpay hin kimikal – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sumpay hin kimikal" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E9%94%AE" title="化学键 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="化学键" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A2%D7%A8_%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%93" title="כעמישער בונד – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="כעמישער בונד" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Csop%E1%BB%8D%CC%80_k%E1%BA%B9%CC%81m%C3%ADk%C3%A0" title="Ìsopọ̀ kẹ́míkà – 约鲁巴语" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ìsopọ̀ kẹ́míkà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="约鲁巴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E9%8D%B5" title="化學鍵 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="化學鍵" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ho%C3%A0-ha%CC%8Dk_kiat-ha%CC%8Dp" title="Hoà-ha̍k kiat-ha̍p – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hoà-ha̍k kiat-ha̍p" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E9%8D%B5" title="化學鍵 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="化學鍵" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umnqalo_wevanga" title="Umnqalo wevanga – 祖鲁语" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Umnqalo wevanga" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="祖鲁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q44424#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E9%94%AE" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E9%94%AE" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" 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/></a><figcaption><b><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">碳</a></b>（Ｃ）、<b><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="氫">氫</a></b>（Ｈ）以及<b><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">氧</a></b>（O）在<b><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a></b>（water）、<b><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E7%83%AF" title="乙烯">乙烯</a></b>（ethylene）、<b><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E7%82%94" title="乙炔">乙炔</a></b>（acetylene）之間的化學鍵關係。</figcaption></figure> <div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portal plainlist tright" style="margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px"> <ul style="display:table;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0.1em;max-width:175px;background:var(--background-color-base,#f9f9f9);font-size:85%;line-height:110%;font-weight:bold"> <li style="display:table-row"><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="化學" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg/28px-Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg/42px-Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg/56px-Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></span><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:化學">化學主题</a></span></li></ul></div> <p><b>化學鍵</b>（英語：<span lang="en">Chemical Bond</span>）是一種粒子間的結合模式，其中粒子可以是<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90" title="原子">原子</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90" title="离子">离子</a>。透過化學鍵，粒子可組成多原子的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E7%89%A9%E8%B3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="化學物質">化學物質</a>。鍵由兩相反電荷間的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E7%A3%81%E5%8A%9B" title="電磁力">電磁力</a>引起，電荷可能來自<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="電子">電子</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E6%A0%B8" title="原子核">原子核</a>，或由<a href="/wiki/%E5%81%B6%E6%A5%B5%E5%AD%90" title="偶極子">偶極子</a>造成。化學鍵種類繁多，其能量大小、鍵長亦有所不同。 </p><p>在原子中，帶負電、繞原子核運行的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="電子">電子</a>與核內帶正電的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E5%AD%90" title="質子">質子</a>互相吸引，而位於兩原子核之間的電子則皆受兩方吸引。因此，原子核和電子間最穩定的組態，是當電子位處兩原子核間之時。這些電子使原子核能夠彼此相吸，形成所謂的化學鍵。然而，化學鍵並不能減少個別粒子所構成的體積。由於電子的質量較小且具有<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E8%B3%AA%E6%B3%A2" title="物質波">物質波</a>性質，它們相較於原子核而言佔據了極大部分的體積，使原子核之間距離較遠。 </p><p>一般而言，強化學鍵的形成伴隨著原子間電子的共用或轉移。<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90" title="分子">分子</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%B6%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="晶體">晶體</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="金屬">金屬</a>和雙原子氣體。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="化學鍵的類型"><span id=".E5.8C.96.E5.AD.B8.E9.8D.B5.E7.9A.84.E9.A1.9E.E5.9E.8B"></span>化學鍵的類型</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E9%94%AE&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：化學鍵的類型"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>化學鍵有強與弱之分。一般較強的化學鍵有<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A2%E5%AD%90%E9%8D%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="離子鍵">離子鍵</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E5%83%B9%E9%8D%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="共價鍵">共價鍵</a>。分子内部<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E4%BB%B7%E9%94%AE" title="共价键">共价键</a>可以很强，而多原子分子之间共價鍵强度则与各原子的相互角度有关。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="化合物">化合物</a>的化學鍵類型，也會影響其物理性質，例如：<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%94%E9%BB%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="熔點">熔點</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B8%E9%BB%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="沸點">沸點</a>等。在高分子中它作為分子内部的力出現。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="離子鍵"><span id=".E9.9B.A2.E5.AD.90.E9.8D.B5"></span>離子鍵</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E9%94%AE&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：離子鍵"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A2%E5%AD%90%E9%8D%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="離子鍵">離子鍵</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E9%9B%A2%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="正離子">阳離子</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90#阴离子" title="离子">阴離子</a>通過<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9C%E9%9B%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="靜電">靜電</a>作用形成的化學鍵稱作<b>離子鍵</b>。兩個原子間的<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%B4%9F%E6%80%A7" title="电负性">電負性</a>相差極大時，一般是金屬與非金屬，例如：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF" title="氯">氯</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%89" class="mw-redirect" title="鈉">鈉</a>，若他們要結合，電負性大的氯會從電負性小的鈉搶走一个<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="電子">電子</a>，以符合<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E9%9A%85%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="八隅體">八隅體</a>。之後氯會以-1價的方式存在，而鈉則以+1價的方式存在，兩者再以<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%93%E4%BB%91%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="库仑定律">库仑靜電力</a>因正負相吸而結合在一起。離子鍵可以延伸，理想的離子化合物中並無分子結構。然而實際上，由於離子間總有<a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%B5%E5%8C%96%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="極化作用">極化作用</a>的發生，所以離子之間的電子雲並不可能完全無重疊，因此離子化合物總是帶有一部份<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E5%83%B9%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="共價性">共價性</a>。 </p><p>離子鍵亦有強弱之分。其強弱影響該離子化合物的熔點、沸點和溶解性等性質。離子鍵越強，其熔點越高。離子半徑越小或所帶電荷越多，阴、阳離子間的作用就越強。例如鈉離子<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {Na+}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msup> <mtext>Na</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {Na+}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/3cd60e5dc2440b4978aea083de518303122c45c1" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:4.416ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {Na+}}}"></span>的微粒半徑比鉀離子<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {K+}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msup> <mtext>K</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {K+}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1121f5e27e3dd7471b277a6a419a626b5af39918" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.319ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {K+}}}"></span>的微粒半徑小，電荷密度大，則氯化鈉<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {NaCl}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>NaCl</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {NaCl}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9b184eac86c36238cc34de8f9844a84933192513" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:5.23ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {NaCl}}}"></span>中的離子鍵較氯化鉀<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {KCl}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>KCl</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {KCl}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ca9a8de215ac02294cef1dce733e1e740b294a37" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:4.133ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {KCl}}}"></span>中的離子鍵強，而氯化鈉的熔點比氯化鉀的高。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="離子化合物"><span id=".E9.9B.A2.E5.AD.90.E5.8C.96.E5.90.88.E7.89.A9"></span><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A2%E5%AD%90%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="離子化合物">離子化合物</a></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E9%94%AE&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：離子化合物"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>根據化合物中所含化學鍵類型的不同，把含有離子鍵的化合物稱爲<b>離子化合物</b>（<b>ionic compound</b>），鹼類（如<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {KOH}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>KOH</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {KOH}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8191ea79c3b4260f2c758cebf339aa458296ebaa" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:5.359ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {KOH}}}"></span>）、大多數鹽類（如<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {MgCl2}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>MgCl</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {MgCl2}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/df18f566266eb42e9f95a150096d0f7c778516bd" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:6.673ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {MgCl2}}}"></span>）（其中BeCl2，AlCl3为共价）、大多數金屬氧化物（可理解为活泼金属氧化物）（如<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {CaO}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>CaO</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {CaO}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/edb47ab199662c070e351fe10efe88e000dcecad" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:4.649ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {CaO}}}"></span>）都是離子化合物。離子化合物中可能存在共價鍵，這與其定義並不矛盾（參看下文對<b>共价化合物</b>的定義），如<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {NH4Cl}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>Cl</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {NH4Cl}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e9e48b5078ac250359f426758a4faeada593bab3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:6.865ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {NH4Cl}}}"></span>、<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {NaOH}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>NaOH</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {NaOH}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a4b18cf9f5cbc622e8196a33ded17befa65a97cc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:6.457ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {NaOH}}}"></span>便是既具有共價鍵又具有離子鍵的離子化合物。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="共價鍵"><span id=".E5.85.B1.E5.83.B9.E9.8D.B5"></span>共價鍵</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E9%94%AE&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：共價鍵"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E5%83%B9%E9%8D%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="共價鍵">共價鍵</a></div> <p>原子間通過共用電子形成的化學鍵，叫做<b>共價鍵</b>。它通過兩個電負度相近的原子，例如兩個<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">氧</a>，互相共用其外圍電子以符合八隅體的鍵結方式結合，因此也有人說這是非金屬原子間的結合方式。而共價鍵有<a href="/wiki/%E9%94%AE%E8%A7%92" class="mw-redirect" title="键角">鍵角</a>及方向的限制，因此不能隨意延伸，也就是有分子結構。共價鍵廣泛存在于氣體之中，例如氫氣、氯氣、二氧化碳。有些物質如金剛石，則是由碳原子通過共價鍵（<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A8%E5%9E%8B%E5%85%B1%E5%83%B9%E7%B5%90%E6%A7%8B" title="巨型共價結構">巨型共價結構</a>）形成的。共價鍵又可分爲非極性共價鍵與極性共價鍵，以及<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%8D%E4%BD%8D%E9%8D%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="配位鍵">配位鍵</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="共價化合物"><span id=".E5.85.B1.E5.83.B9.E5.8C.96.E5.90.88.E7.89.A9"></span>共價化合物</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E9%94%AE&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：共價化合物"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>只</b>含有<b>共價鍵</b>的化合物稱爲<b>共价化合物</b>（<b>covalent compound</b>），如<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {HCl}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>HCl</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {HCl}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5d86659cae4e6022f7056f19ae28c654dfb4b1fe" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:4.068ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {HCl}}}"></span>（在溶液中會成為<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {H+}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {H+}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/474f66456168f5fd00301be7b96b2539cf2760b9" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.254ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {H+}}}"></span>及<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {Cl-}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msup> <mtext>Cl</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {Cl-}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d910bdb858f6954b34ca553c6ba03b23b754efe9" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.836ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {Cl-}}}"></span>）、<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {H2O}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {H2O}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/373648858d1d59d300f88386b46dd95e01f04c5a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:4.605ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {H2O}}}"></span>、<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {CO2}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>CO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {CO2}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c3ed885c7553085f5d3a2bb0a63616656248699d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:4.54ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {CO2}}}"></span>、<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {CH4}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>CH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {CH4}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c8c15a92ab74116087e2eb09cb8c2db1f4e61356" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:4.475ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {CH4}}}"></span>、<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {NH3}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {NH3}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/824a27d82d3d59e63f6dd1f4140d5adc396347dc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:4.54ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {NH3}}}"></span>等。因此根據其定義，共价化合物中肯定不存在離子鍵。共價鍵<a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%B5%E8%83%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="鍵能">鍵能</a>強，但由于<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E9%97%B4%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8%E5%8A%9B" title="分子间作用力">分子間作用力</a>較弱，通常具有低熔沸點特性。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="極性共價鍵"><span id=".E6.A5.B5.E6.80.A7.E5.85.B1.E5.83.B9.E9.8D.B5"></span>極性共價鍵</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E9%94%AE&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：極性共價鍵"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>極性共價鍵</b>是在化合物中，不同種的原子形成的共價鍵，由於兩個原子吸引電子的能力不同，共用電子對必然偏向吸引電子能力較強的原子一方，因而吸引電子能力較弱的原子一方相對的呈正電性。叫做極性共價鍵(polar covalent)，簡稱極性鍵。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="非極性共價鍵"><span id=".E9.9D.9E.E6.A5.B5.E6.80.A7.E5.85.B1.E5.83.B9.E9.8D.B5"></span>非極性共價鍵</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E9%94%AE&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：非極性共價鍵"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>非極性共價鍵</b>是在單質分子中，同種原子形成共價鍵，兩個原子吸引電子的能力相同，共用電子對不偏向任何一個原子，因此成鍵的原子都不顯電性。叫做非極性共價鍵(nonpolar covalent)，簡稱非極性鍵。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="金屬鍵"><span id=".E9.87.91.E5.B1.AC.E9.8D.B5"></span>金屬鍵</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E9%94%AE&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：金屬鍵"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E9%8D%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="金屬鍵">金屬鍵</a></div> <p><b>金屬鍵</b>則是金屬原子間的鍵結方式，金屬陽離子通過與帶負電的電子間的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%93%E4%BB%91%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="库仑定律">庫侖靜電力</a>，金屬原子間共用遊走於空價軌域的電子海，而結合成穩定態，因此金屬有很高的延展性，且有很高的熔點（<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9E" title="汞">汞</a>除外），並無分子結構。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="键断裂"><span id=".E9.94.AE.E6.96.AD.E8.A3.82"></span>键断裂</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E9%94%AE&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：键断裂"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在一般情況下，有鍵裂解分兩種情況：均等分裂和不均等分裂，並因為過程的特性而有所不同。 </p><p>均等分裂中，兩產物斷開共價鍵後兩者之間的電子平分。 </p><p>不均等分裂中，斷裂後電子會偏好留在某一產物上。 </p><p>“鍵解離能”指的是能量的裂解化學鍵所需的能量。 </p><p>在生物化學打破大分子的過程（通過拆解其內部能量）的分解代謝。 </p><p>酶的催化鍵裂解被稱為裂合酶，而它們通過水解或氧化/還原，所以亦可稱為水解酶和氧化還原酶。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="分子轨道理论"><span id=".E5.88.86.E5.AD.90.E8.BD.A8.E9.81.93.E7.90.86.E8.AE.BA"></span>分子轨道理论</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E9%94%AE&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：分子轨道理论"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>科學家認為「電子」是以一種稱為<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%BB%E7%B1%B3%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="費米子">費米子</a>的型態存在於物質空間之中，電子在原子之中時是以不同能階的原子軌域（Atomic Orbital）存在，氫原子光譜的實驗就是電子在不同能量原子軌域間存在的證明，由此可更進一步的推廣多電子原子的原子軌域，以及原子和原子形成分子的分子軌域理論（Molecular Orbital Theory）之理論模型，最後再利用量子化學中數學形式的條件限制，探討與解釋電子存在空間中的情況。 </p><p>由微觀世界的眼光看來，分子所存在的空間即是其電子密度分佈所佔據的空間，化學家定義連結原子和原子成為分子的作用為「化學鍵」，以<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="量子化學">量子化學</a>的觀念看來，化學鍵的形成主因是由於原子軌域的相互重疊，使得原有的軌域能階分佈改變，因而形成能量較穩定的分子軌域，也因此最直接影響化學鍵的形成因素就是電子密度的重新分佈。 </p><p>利用電子密度之分佈可以找出兩個相鄰原子間電子密度極大值，其電子密度極大值的連線便是原子間化學鍵鍵結之路徑，進一步的利用原子間電子密度極大值的等位面加以分別原子所佔有的區域，可以界定出原子位於分子中所佔據的空間大小。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參見"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A6.8B"></span>參見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E9%94%AE&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：參見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79074265">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-count:2; column-width:auto;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A2%E5%AD%90%E9%8D%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="離子鍵">離子鍵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E9%8D%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="金屬鍵">金屬鍵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E5%83%B9%E9%8D%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="共價鍵">共價鍵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E9%94%AE" title="氢键">氢键</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A8%E5%9E%8B%E5%85%B1%E5%83%B9%E7%B5%90%E6%A7%8B" title="巨型共價結構">巨型共價結構</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E5%9E%8B%E5%85%B1%E5%83%B9%E7%B5%90%E6%A7%8B" title="微型共價結構">微型共價結構</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E9%94%AE&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw/wordpress/?p=14212">簡單化學鍵結構概念</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200422183348/http://highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw/wordpress/?p=14212">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>），賴亭吟著寫、陳藹然責任編輯，<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E7%A7%91%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="國科會">國科會</a>高瞻計畫資源平台。</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://ispccss.mysinablog.com/index.php?op=ViewArticle&articleId=1945407原子和化學鍵(普照科學Po">http://ispccss.mysinablog.com/index.php?op=ViewArticle&articleId=1945407原子和化學鍵(普照科學Po</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190605175252/http://ispccss.mysinablog.com/index.php?op=ViewArticle&articleId=1945407%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%92%8C%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E9%8D%B5%28%E6%99%AE%E7%85%A7%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8Po">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） Chiu Integraded Science)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:" :"}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">化學鍵和分子間作用力</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E5%86%85%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8%E5%8A%9B" title="分子内作用力">分子内作用力<br />（“強”）</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E4%BB%B7%E9%94%AE" title="共价键">共价键</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">依對稱性</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%CE%A3%E9%8D%B5" title="Σ鍵">σ鍵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%A0%E9%94%AE" title="Π键">π鍵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%94%E9%94%AE" title="Δ键">δ鍵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%A6%E9%94%AE" title="Φ键">φ鍵</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">依重疊數</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E9%8D%B5" title="單鍵">單鍵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E9%8D%B5" title="雙鍵">雙鍵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E9%94%AE" title="三键">三键</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E9%87%8D%E9%94%AE" title="四重键">四重键</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E9%87%8D%E9%94%AE" title="五重键">五重键</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E9%87%8D%E9%94%AE" title="六重键">六重键</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%93%E6%B0%A2%E9%94%AE" title="抓氢键">抓氢键</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%AF%E6%9B%B2%E9%94%AE" title="弯曲键">弯曲键</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%8D%E4%BD%8D%E9%94%AE" title="配位键">配位键</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E9%A6%88%CF%80%E9%94%AE" title="反馈π键">反馈π键</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E6%99%AE%E6%89%98%E6%95%B8" title="哈普托數">哈普托數</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E8%BD%AD%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB" title="共轭体系">共轭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E5%85%B1%E8%BD%AD%E6%95%88%E5%BA%94" title="超共轭效应">超共轭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E9%94%AE%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93" title="反键轨道">反键</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="电荷转移键" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Charge-shift bond"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E8%8D%B7%E8%BD%AC%E7%A7%BB%E9%94%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电荷转移键（页面不存在）">电荷转移键</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge-shift_bond" class="extiw" title="en:Charge-shift bond"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Charge-shift bond</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E6%8C%AF_(%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6)" title="共振 (化学)">共振键</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%BA%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90" title="缺电子分子">缺电子</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83%E4%B8%A4%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E9%94%AE" title="三中心两电子键">3c–2e</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83%E4%B8%A4%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E9%94%AE" title="四中心两电子键">4c–2e</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E4%BB%B7%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90" title="超价分子">超价分子</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83%E5%9B%9B%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E9%94%AE" title="三中心四电子键">3c–4e</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B3%E9%A6%99%E6%80%A7" title="芳香性">芳香性</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E6%AF%94%E4%B9%8C%E6%96%AF%E8%8A%B3%E9%A6%99%E6%80%A7" title="莫比乌斯芳香性">莫比乌斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E8%8A%B3%E9%A6%99%E6%80%A7" title="同芳香性">同芳香性</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E%E9%94%AE" title="金属键">金属键</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E8%8A%B3%E9%A6%99%E6%80%A7" title="金屬芳香性">金屬芳香性</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90%E9%94%AE" title="离子键">离子键</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ligatio-covalens.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Ligatio-covalens.svg/200px-Ligatio-covalens.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Ligatio-covalens.svg/300px-Ligatio-covalens.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Ligatio-covalens.svg/400px-Ligatio-covalens.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="265" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chemfm_carbon_monoxide_3_1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Chemfm_carbon_monoxide_3_1.svg/200px-Chemfm_carbon_monoxide_3_1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Chemfm_carbon_monoxide_3_1.svg/300px-Chemfm_carbon_monoxide_3_1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Chemfm_carbon_monoxide_3_1.svg/400px-Chemfm_carbon_monoxide_3_1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="99" data-file-height="56" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pi-Bond.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Pi-Bond.svg/200px-Pi-Bond.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Pi-Bond.svg/300px-Pi-Bond.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Pi-Bond.svg/400px-Pi-Bond.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E9%97%B4%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8%E5%8A%9B" title="分子间作用力">分子间作用力<br />（“弱”）</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%83%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%8E%E5%8A%9B" title="范德华力">范德华力</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E6%95%A3%E5%8A%9B" title="色散力">分散力</a>（倫敦力）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%96%E5%90%91%E5%8A%9B" title="取向力">取向力</a> （偶極-偶極）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%B1%E5%AF%BC%E5%81%B6%E6%9E%81" title="诱导偶极">誘導偶極</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E9%94%AE" title="氢键">氢键</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="低能障氢键" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Low-barrier hydrogen bond"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%8E%E8%83%BD%E9%9A%9C%E6%B0%A2%E9%94%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="低能障氢键（页面不存在）">低能障</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-barrier_hydrogen_bond" class="extiw" title="en:Low-barrier hydrogen bond"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Low-barrier hydrogen bond</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="共振辅助氢键" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Resonance-assisted hydrogen bond"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%B1%E6%8C%AF%E8%BE%85%E5%8A%A9%E6%B0%A2%E9%94%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="共振辅助氢键（页面不存在）">共振辅助</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resonance-assisted_hydrogen_bond" class="extiw" title="en:Resonance-assisted hydrogen bond"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Resonance-assisted hydrogen bond</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="对称氢键" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Symmetric hydrogen bond"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%B9%E7%A7%B0%E6%B0%A2%E9%94%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="对称氢键（页面不存在）">对称</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric_hydrogen_bond" class="extiw" title="en:Symmetric hydrogen bond"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Symmetric hydrogen bond</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E6%B0%A2%E9%94%AE" title="双氢键">双氢键</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="C–H···O相互作用" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="C–H···O interaction"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=C%E2%80%93H%C2%B7%C2%B7%C2%B7O%E7%9B%B8%E4%BA%92%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C–H···O相互作用（页面不存在）">C–H···O键</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%E2%80%93H%C2%B7%C2%B7%C2%B7O_interaction" class="extiw" title="en:C–H···O interaction"><span lang="en" dir="auto">C–H···O interaction</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">其他<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E5%85%B1%E4%BB%B7%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8%E5%8A%9B" title="非共价作用力">非共价键</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%BA%E6%A2%B0%E4%BA%92%E9%94%81%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90" title="机械互锁结构分子">机械键</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A4%E9%94%AE" title="卤键">卤键</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="硫族键" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Chalcogen bond"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E6%97%8F%E9%94%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="硫族键（页面不存在）">硫族键</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chalcogen_bond" class="extiw" title="en:Chalcogen bond"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Chalcogen bond</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%B2%E9%87%91%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8" title="亲金作用">亲金作用</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5_(%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8)" title="嵌入 (化學)">嵌入</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A0%86%E7%A7%AF_(%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6)" title="堆积 (化学)">重叠</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阳离子–π相互作用" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cation–pi interaction"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%B3%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90%E2%80%93%CF%80%E7%9B%B8%E4%BA%92%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阳离子–π相互作用（页面不存在）">阳离子–π键</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cation%E2%80%93pi_interaction" class="extiw" title="en:Cation–pi interaction"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cation–pi interaction</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阳离子–π相互作用#阴离子–π相互作用" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cation–pi interaction#Anion–π interaction"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%B3%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90%E2%80%93%CF%80%E7%9B%B8%E4%BA%92%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阳离子–π相互作用（页面不存在）">阴离子–π键</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cation%E2%80%93pi_interaction#Anion–π_interaction" class="extiw" title="en:Cation–pi interaction"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cation–pi interaction#Anion–π interaction</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="盐桥 (蛋白质和超分子)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Salt bridge (protein and supramolecular)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%90%E6%A1%A5_(%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E8%B4%A8%E5%92%8C%E8%B6%85%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="盐桥 (蛋白质和超分子)（页面不存在）">盐桥</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_bridge_(protein_and_supramolecular)" class="extiw" title="en:Salt bridge (protein and supramolecular)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Salt bridge (protein and supramolecular)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%B5%E7%B5%90%E6%96%B7%E8%A3%82" title="鍵結斷裂">鍵結斷裂</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%82%E8%A3%82" title="异裂">异裂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%87%E8%A3%82" title="均裂">均裂</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="電子計數" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Electron counting"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E8%A8%88%E6%95%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="電子計數（页面不存在）">電子計數規則</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_counting" class="extiw" title="en:Electron counting"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Electron counting</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E9%9A%85%E9%AB%94%E8%A6%8F%E5%89%87" title="八隅體規則">八隅體</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E8%A7%84%E5%88%99" title="18电子规则">18电子规则</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B3%E9%A6%99%E6%80%A7" title="芳香性">芳香性</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%91%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%94%E6%B3%95%E5%88%99" title="休克尔法则">休克尔规则</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baird%E8%A7%84%E5%88%99" title="Baird规则">Baird规则</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E6%AF%94%E4%B9%8C%E6%96%AF%E8%8A%B3%E9%A6%99%E6%80%A7" title="莫比乌斯芳香性">莫比乌斯规则</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="球形芳香性" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Spherical aromaticity"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%90%83%E5%BD%A2%E8%8A%B3%E9%A6%99%E6%80%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="球形芳香性（页面不存在）">球形</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spherical_aromaticity" class="extiw" title="en:Spherical aromaticity"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Spherical aromaticity</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="多面体骨架电子对理论" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Polyhedral skeletal electron pair theory"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%9A%E9%9D%A2%E4%BD%93%E9%AA%A8%E6%9E%B6%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E5%AF%B9%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="多面体骨架电子对理论（页面不存在）">多面体骨架电子对理论</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyhedral_skeletal_electron_pair_theory" class="extiw" title="en:Polyhedral skeletal electron pair theory"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Polyhedral skeletal electron pair theory</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="化学键理論" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chemical_bonding_theory" title="Template:Chemical bonding theory"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Chemical_bonding_theory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Chemical bonding theory（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Chemical_bonding_theory" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Chemical bonding theory"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="化学键理論" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">化学键</a>理論</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">鍵基礎理論</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93" title="原子轨道">原子轨道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E5%B0%8D" title="電子對">電子對</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">鍵的類型</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">藉由<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E5%AF%B9%E7%A7%B0%E6%80%A7" title="分子对称性">對稱性</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%CE%A3%E9%8D%B5" title="Σ鍵">σ鍵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%A0%E9%94%AE" title="Π键">π鍵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%94%E9%94%AE" title="Δ键">δ键</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%A6%E9%94%AE" title="Φ键">φ键</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">藉由<a href="/wiki/%E9%94%AE%E7%BA%A7" title="键级">多樣鍵</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E9%8D%B5" title="單鍵">單鍵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E9%8D%B5" title="雙鍵">雙鍵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E9%94%AE" title="三键">三键</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E9%87%8D%E9%94%AE" title="四重键">四重键</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E9%87%8D%E9%94%AE" title="五重键">五重键</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E9%87%8D%E9%94%AE" title="六重键">六重键</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%B7%E9%94%AE%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="价键理论">价键理论</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">概念</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B7%E6%88%90%E8%BB%8C%E5%9F%9F" title="混成軌域">混成軌域</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E6%8C%AF_(%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6)" title="共振 (化学)">共振</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%E6%96%AF%E7%B5%90%E6%A7%8B" title="路易斯結構">路易斯結構</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">組成單位</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E4%BB%B7%E9%94%AE" title="共价键">共价键</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A4%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E5%B0%8D" title="孤電子對">孤電子對</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="分子轨道理论">分子轨道理论</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table 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