CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Turkmenistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan–India Pipeline - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"f057f52a-780a-4bec-b380-5185644da22a","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Turkmenistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan–India_Pipeline","wgTitle":"Turkmenistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan–India Pipeline","wgCurRevisionId":1256679568,"wgRevisionId":1256679568,"wgArticleId":372278,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from November 2024","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use dmy dates from May 2020","Natural gas pipelines in Afghanistan","Natural gas pipelines in Turkmenistan","Natural gas pipelines in Pakistan","Natural gas pipelines in India","Proposed pipelines in Asia", "Afghanistan–India relations","Afghanistan–Pakistan relations","Afghanistan–Turkmenistan relations","India–Pakistan relations","Pakistan–Turkmenistan relations","Proposed infrastructure in India"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Turkmenistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan–India_Pipeline","wgRelevantArticleId":372278,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgRedirectedFrom":"Trans-Afghan_Gas_Pipeline","wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample": false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgInternalRedirectTargetUrl":"/wiki/Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline","wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q1759549","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready", "skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.view.redirect","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/TAPI-EIA.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="765"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/TAPI-EIA.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="510"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="408"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Turkmenistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan–India Pipeline - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Turkmenistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan–India_Pipeline rootpage-Turkmenistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan–India_Pipeline skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Technical_features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Technical_features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Technical features</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Technical_features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Route" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Route"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Route</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Route-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Turkmenistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan–India Pipeline</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 21 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-21" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">21 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B7_%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A8_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A3%D9%81%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="خط أنابيب تركمانستان-أفغانستان-باكستان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="خط أنابيب تركمانستان-أفغانستان-باكستان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C6%8FPH_(qaz_k%C9%99m%C9%99ri)" title="TƏPH (qaz kəməri) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="TƏPH (qaz kəməri)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transafgh%C3%A1nsk%C3%BD_plynovod" title="Transafghánský plynovod – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Transafghánský plynovod" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-Pipeline" title="Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-Pipeline – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-Pipeline" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%B3%CF%89%CE%B3%CF%8C%CF%82_%CF%86%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D_%CE%B1%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BD-%CE%91%CF%86%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BD-%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BD-%CE%99%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Αγωγός φυσικού αερίου Τουρκμενιστάν-Αφγανιστάν-Πακιστάν-Ινδία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αγωγός φυσικού αερίου Τουρκμενιστάν-Αφγανιστάν-Πακιστάν-Ινδία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/TAPI" title="TAPI – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="TAPI" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkmen-Afgan-Pakistan-Barata_dukto" title="Turkmen-Afgan-Pakistan-Barata dukto – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Turkmen-Afgan-Pakistan-Barata dukto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B7_%D9%84%D9%88%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%BE%DB%8C" title="خط لوله تاپی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خط لوله تاپی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazoduc_Turkm%C3%A9nistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93Inde" title="Gazoduc Turkménistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan–Inde – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gazoduc Turkménistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan–Inde" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="तापी गैस परियोजना – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="तापी गैस परियोजना" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-Afghanistan-pijpleiding" title="Trans-Afghanistan-pijpleiding – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Trans-Afghanistan-pijpleiding" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_transafghanske_r%C3%B8rledning" title="Den transafghanske rørledning – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Den transafghanske rørledning" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/TAPI_gaz_quvuri" title="TAPI gaz quvuri – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="TAPI gaz quvuri" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D9%BC%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%8A_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%98%D9%87" title="د ټاپي پروژه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د ټاپي پروژه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gasoduto_Turcomenist%C3%A3o-Afeganist%C3%A3o-Paquist%C3%A3o-%C3%8Dndia" title="Gasoduto Turcomenistão-Afeganistão-Paquistão-Índia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gasoduto Turcomenistão-Afeganistão-Paquistão-Índia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%90%D0%9F%D0%98_(%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4)" title="ТАПИ (трубопровод) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="ТАПИ (трубопровод)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B8-%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="तापी-गैस-परियोजना – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="तापी-गैस-परियोजना" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="துருக்மெனிஸ்தான்-ஆப்கானிஸ்தான்-பாகிஸ்தான்-இந்தியா எரிவாயு குழாய்த் திட்டம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="துருக்மெனிஸ்தான்-ஆப்கானிஸ்தான்-பாகிஸ்தான்-இந்தியா எரிவாயு குழாய்த் திட்டம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrkmenistan-Afganistan-Pakistan-Hindistan_Do%C4%9Falgaz_Boru_Hatt%C4%B1" title="Türkmenistan-Afganistan-Pakistan-Hindistan Doğalgaz Boru Hattı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Türkmenistan-Afganistan-Pakistan-Hindistan Doğalgaz Boru Hattı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%BE%DB%8C_%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%BE_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%81" title="تاپی گیس پائپ لائن منصوبہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="تاپی گیس پائپ لائن منصوبہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/TAPI%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E6%B0%A3%E7%AE%A1%E7%B7%9A" title="TAPI天然氣管線 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="TAPI天然氣管線" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1759549#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline&oldid=1256679568" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline&id=1256679568&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTurkmenistan%25E2%2580%2593Afghanistan%25E2%2580%2593Pakistan%25E2%2580%2593India_Pipeline"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTurkmenistan%25E2%2580%2593Afghanistan%25E2%2580%2593Pakistan%25E2%2580%2593India_Pipeline"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1759549" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trans-Afghan_Gas_Pipeline&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Trans-Afghan Gas Pipeline">Trans-Afghan Gas Pipeline</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Natural gas pipeline</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em; background-color:#B0C4DE;">Turkmenistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan–India Gas Pipeline (TAPI)</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:TAPI-EIA.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/TAPI-EIA.png/220px-TAPI-EIA.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/TAPI-EIA.png/330px-TAPI-EIA.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/TAPI-EIA.png 2x" data-file-width="342" data-file-height="218" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Map of Turkmenistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan–India Gas Pipeline (TAPI)</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#B0C4DE;">Location</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> <br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">General direction</th><td class="infobox-data">North–South</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">From</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Galkynysh_gas_field" class="mw-redirect" title="Galkynysh gas field">Galkynysh gas field</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Passes through</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Herat" title="Herat">Herat</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Kandahar" title="Kandahar">Kandahar</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Quetta" title="Quetta">Quetta</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Multan" title="Multan">Multan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">To</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fazilka" title="Fazilka">Fazilka</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Runs alongside</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kandahar%E2%80%93Herat_Highway" title="Kandahar–Herat Highway">Kandahar–Herat Highway</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#B0C4DE;">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">Natural gas</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Partners</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkmengaz" title="Türkmengaz">Türkmengaz</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Construction started</th><td class="infobox-data">2015</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#B0C4DE;">Technical information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">1,814 km (1,127 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Maximum discharge</th><td class="infobox-data">33<span style="margin-left:0.2em">×<span style="margin-left:0.1em">10</span></span><s style="display:none">^</s><sup>9</sup> m<sup>3</sup>/a (1.2<span style="margin-left:0.2em">×<span style="margin-left:0.1em">10</span></span><s style="display:none">^</s><sup>12</sup> cu ft/a)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Turkmenistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan–India (TAPI) Gas Pipeline</b>, also known as <b>Trans-Afghanistan Pipeline</b>, is a <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">natural gas</a> <a href="/wiki/Pipeline_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Pipeline transport">pipeline</a> being developed by the Galkynysh – TAPI Pipeline Company Limited<sup id="cite_ref-nebit_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nebit-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hron_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hron-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with participation of the <a href="/wiki/Asian_Development_Bank" title="Asian Development Bank">Asian Development Bank</a>. The pipeline will transport natural gas from the <a href="/wiki/Galkynysh_Gas_Field" title="Galkynysh Gas Field">Galkynysh Gas Field</a> in <a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a> through <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> into <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> and then to <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A ceremony to mark the project's initiation was held in Turkmenistan on 13 December 2015, and practical work in Afghanistan began on 11 September 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Proponents of the project see it as a modern continuation of the <a href="/wiki/Silk_Road" title="Silk Road">Silk Road</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2024, the Foreign Minister of Turkmenistan <a href="/wiki/Ra%C5%9Fit_Meredow" title="Raşit Meredow">Raşit Meredow</a> met virtually with Mullah <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Ghani_Baradar" title="Abdul Ghani Baradar">Abdul Ghani Baradar</a>, Afghanistan's Deputy Prime Minister for Economic Affairs. Following this meeting, Foreign Minister Meredow "said that Turkmenistan is ready to begin work on the TAPI project in Afghanistan with the aim of developing political and economic relations."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Murli_Deora_seen_with_the_Presidents_of_Afghanistan,_Pakistan,_Turkmenistan_at_a_Summit_meeting_at_Ashgabat_(Turkmenistan)_at_the_signing_of_agreement_regarding_Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India_(TAPI)_pipeline_project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Murli_Deora_seen_with_the_Presidents_of_Afghanistan%2C_Pakistan%2C_Turkmenistan_at_a_Summit_meeting_at_Ashgabat_%28Turkmenistan%29_at_the_signing_of_agreement_regarding_Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India_%28TAPI%29_pipeline_project.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Murli_Deora_seen_with_the_Presidents_of_Afghanistan%2C_Pakistan%2C_Turkmenistan_at_a_Summit_meeting_at_Ashgabat_%28Turkmenistan%29_at_the_signing_of_agreement_regarding_Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India_%28TAPI%29_pipeline_project.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Murli_Deora_seen_with_the_Presidents_of_Afghanistan%2C_Pakistan%2C_Turkmenistan_at_a_Summit_meeting_at_Ashgabat_%28Turkmenistan%29_at_the_signing_of_agreement_regarding_Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India_%28TAPI%29_pipeline_project.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="918" data-file-height="632" /></a><figcaption>Summit in Ashgabat for the signing of agreement regarding the Turkmenistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan–India (TAPI) Pipeline project on 11 December 2010.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TAPI-ceremony-Serhetabat.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/TAPI-ceremony-Serhetabat.jpg/220px-TAPI-ceremony-Serhetabat.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/TAPI-ceremony-Serhetabat.jpg/330px-TAPI-ceremony-Serhetabat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/TAPI-ceremony-Serhetabat.jpg/440px-TAPI-ceremony-Serhetabat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="2447" /></a><figcaption>Ceremony on completion of the Turkmen section of the Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India pipeline.</figcaption></figure> <p>The roots of this project lie in the involvement of international oil companies in <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> and Turkmenistan beginning of 1990s. As <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, who controlled all export pipelines of these countries, consistently refused to allow the use of its pipeline network, these companies needed an independent export route avoiding both <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> and Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LeVine_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LeVine-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The original project started on 15 March 1995 when an inaugural memorandum of understanding between the governments of Turkmenistan and Pakistan for a pipeline project was signed. This project was promoted by <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentinian</a> company <a href="/wiki/Bridas_Corporation" title="Bridas Corporation">Bridas Corporation</a>. The U.S. company <a href="/wiki/Unocal" class="mw-redirect" title="Unocal">Unocal</a>, in conjunction with the <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi</a> oil company Delta, promoted an alternative project without Bridas' involvement. On 21 October 1995, these two companies signed a separate agreement with Turkmenistan's president <a href="/wiki/Saparmurat_Niyazov" title="Saparmurat Niyazov">Saparmurat Niyazov</a>. In August 1996, the <a href="/wiki/CentGas" title="CentGas">Central Asia Gas Pipeline, Ltd. (CentGas)</a> <a href="/wiki/Consortium" title="Consortium">consortium</a> for construction of a pipeline, led by Unocal, was formed. On 27 October 1997, CentGas was incorporated in formal signing ceremonies in <a href="/wiki/Ashgabat" title="Ashgabat">Ashgabat</a>, Turkmenistan, by several international oil companies along with the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Turkmenistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Turkmenistan">Government of Turkmenistan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-eiu_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eiu-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since the pipeline was to pass through Afghanistan, it was necessary to work with the Taliban. The U.S. ambassador to Pakistan, <a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Oakley" title="Robert B. Oakley">Robert Oakley</a>, left his post and was hired by CentGas in 1997. In January 1998, the <a href="/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a>, selecting CentGas over Argentinian competitor <a href="/wiki/Bridas_Corporation" title="Bridas Corporation">Bridas Corporation</a>, signed an agreement that allowed the proposed project to proceed. In June 1998, Russian <a href="/wiki/Gazprom" title="Gazprom">Gazprom</a> relinquished its 10% stake in the project. On 7 August 1998, <a href="/wiki/1998_United_States_embassy_bombings" title="1998 United States embassy bombings">American embassies in Nairobi and Dar es Salaam were bombed</a>. The United States alleged that <a href="/wiki/Osama_bin_Laden" title="Osama bin Laden">Osama bin Laden</a> was behind those attacks, and all pipeline negotiations halted, as the Taliban's then leader, <a href="/wiki/Mullah_Omar" title="Mullah Omar">Mullah Omar</a>, announced that bin Laden had the Taliban's support. Unocal withdrew from the consortium on 8 December 1998, and soon after closed its offices in Afghanistan and Pakistan.<sup id="cite_ref-croissant_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-croissant-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The new deal on the pipeline was signed on 27 December 2002 by the leaders of Turkmenistan, Afghanistan and Pakistan.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc1_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc1-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2005, the Asian Development Bank submitted the final version of a feasibility study designed by British company <a href="/wiki/Penspen" title="Penspen">Penspen</a>. The project has drawn strong US support as it would allow the Central Asian republics to export energy to Western markets "without relying on Russian routes". Then-US Ambassador to Turkmenistan <a href="/wiki/Tracey_Ann_Jacobson" title="Tracey Ann Jacobson">Tracey Ann Jacobson</a> noted, "We are seriously looking at the project, and it is quite possible that American companies will join it".<sup id="cite_ref-newint_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newint-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to increasing instability, the project has essentially stalled; construction of the Turkmen part was supposed to start in 2006, but the overall feasibility is questionable since the southern part of the Afghan section runs through territory which continues to be under <i><a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a></i> Taliban control.<sup id="cite_ref-newint_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newint-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 24 April 2008, Pakistan, India and Afghanistan signed a framework agreement to buy natural gas from Turkmenistan.<sup id="cite_ref-upstream1_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-upstream1-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The intergovernmental agreement on the pipeline was signed on 11 December 2010 in <a href="/wiki/Ashgabat" title="Ashgabat">Ashgabat</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in April 2012, India and Afghanistan have failed to agree on transit fee for gas passing through Afghan territory. Consequently, Islamabad and New Delhi too could not agree on the transit fee for the segment of the pipeline passing through Pakistan, which has linked its fee structure to any India-Afghanistan agreement.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 16 May 2012, the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Afghanistan" class="mw-redirect" title="National Assembly of Afghanistan">Afghan Parliament</a>, approved the agreement on a gas pipeline and the day after, the Indian Cabinet allowed state-run gas-firm <a href="/wiki/GAIL" title="GAIL">GAIL</a> to sign the Gas Sale and Purchase Agreement (GSPA) with <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkmengaz" title="Türkmengaz">Türkmengaz</a>, Turkmenistan's national oil company.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Construction on the project started in Turkmenistan on 13 December 2015 and was completed by mid-2019.<sup id="cite_ref-brecorder.com_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brecorder.com-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Construction on the Afghan side started on 24 February 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-brecorder.com_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brecorder.com-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Taliban have vowed to cooperate and not disrupt the project in areas they control.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technical_features">Technical features</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Technical features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The pipeline will be 1,420 mm (56 in) in diameter with a working pressure of 100 atm (10,000 kPa).<sup id="cite_ref-alex2_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-alex2-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The capacity will be 33<span style="margin-left:0.2em">×<span style="margin-left:0.1em">10</span></span><s style="display:none">^</s><sup>9</sup> m<sup>3</sup> (1.2<span style="margin-left:0.2em">×<span style="margin-left:0.1em">10</span></span><s style="display:none">^</s><sup>12</sup> cu ft) of natural gas per year of which 5<span style="margin-left:0.2em">×<span style="margin-left:0.1em">10</span></span><s style="display:none">^</s><sup>9</sup> m<sup>3</sup> (180<span style="margin-left:0.2em">×<span style="margin-left:0.1em">10</span></span><s style="display:none">^</s><sup>9</sup> cu ft) will be provided to Afghanistan and 14<span style="margin-left:0.2em">×<span style="margin-left:0.1em">10</span></span><s style="display:none">^</s><sup>9</sup> m<sup>3</sup> (490<span style="margin-left:0.2em">×<span style="margin-left:0.1em">10</span></span><s style="display:none">^</s><sup>9</sup> cu ft) to each Pakistan and India.<sup id="cite_ref-diplomat031215_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diplomat031215-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Six compressor stations would be constructed along the pipeline.<sup id="cite_ref-alex2_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-alex2-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pipeline was intended to be operational by 2019. </p><p>Originally, the cost of the pipeline project was reportedly estimated at US$7.6 billion, but a more recent estimate was $10 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-upi031214_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-upi031214-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The leading partner of the project is <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkmengaz" title="Türkmengaz">Türkmengaz</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Route">Route</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Route"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 1,814 km (1,127 mi) pipeline will run from the world's second largest gas field namely <a href="/wiki/Galkynysh_Gas_Field" title="Galkynysh Gas Field">Galkynysh gas fields</a> in Turkmenistan through Afghanistan and Pakistan to India. In Afghanistan, TAPI pipeline will be constructed alongside the <a href="/wiki/Kandahar%E2%80%93Herat_Highway" title="Kandahar–Herat Highway">Kandahar–Herat Highway</a> in western Afghanistan, and then via <a href="/wiki/Quetta" title="Quetta">Quetta</a> and <a href="/wiki/Multan" title="Multan">Multan</a> in Pakistan.<sup id="cite_ref-dailytimes220203_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dailytimes220203-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The final destination of the pipeline will be the Indian town of <a href="/wiki/Fazilka" title="Fazilka">Fazilka</a>, near the border between Pakistan and India.<sup id="cite_ref-alex2_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-alex2-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan_Oil_Pipeline" title="Afghanistan Oil Pipeline">Afghanistan Oil Pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Afghanistan" title="Transport in Afghanistan">Transport in Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan_pipeline" class="mw-redirect" title="Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline">Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline</a> (BTC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enron" title="Enron">Enron</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Dabhol_Power_Company" title="Dabhol Power Company">Dabhol Power Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans-Caspian_Gas_Pipeline" title="Trans-Caspian Gas Pipeline">Trans-Caspian Gas Pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Caucasus_Pipeline" title="South Caucasus Pipeline">South Caucasus Pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CentGas" title="CentGas">CentGas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Chabahar" class="mw-redirect" title="Port of Chabahar">Port of Chabahar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashgabat_Agreement" title="Ashgabat Agreement">Ashgabat Agreement</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-nebit-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nebit_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oilgas.gov.tm/en/blog/124/the-office-of-consortium-galkynysh--tapi-pipeline-company-limited-will-be-opened-in-dubai">"The office of consortium "Galkynysh – TAPI Pipeline Company Limited" will be opened in Dubai"</a>. 18 January 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+office+of+consortium+%22Galkynysh+%E2%80%93+TAPI+Pipeline+Company+Limited%22+will+be+opened+in+Dubai&rft.date=2016-01-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oilgas.gov.tm%2Fen%2Fblog%2F124%2Fthe-office-of-consortium-galkynysh--tapi-pipeline-company-limited-will-be-opened-in-dubai&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hron-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hron_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.hronikatm.com/2016/01/tapi-cjsc-office-to-appear-in-dubai/">"TAPI CJSC office to appear in Dubai"</a>. 20 January 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TAPI+CJSC+office+to+appear+in+Dubai&rft.date=2016-01-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.hronikatm.com%2F2016%2F01%2Ftapi-cjsc-office-to-appear-in-dubai%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBR_Web_Desk2023" class="citation web cs1">BR Web Desk (8 June 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brecorder.com/news/40246658">"TAPI Pipeline: Pakistan and Turkmenistan sign implementation plan"</a>. <i>Brecorder</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Brecorder&rft.atitle=TAPI+Pipeline%3A+Pakistan+and+Turkmenistan+sign+implementation+plan&rft.date=2023-06-08&rft.au=BR+Web+Desk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brecorder.com%2Fnews%2F40246658&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbdujalil_Abdurasulov2015" class="citation news cs1">Abdujalil Abdurasulov, ed. (16 July 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-32981469">"Is Turkmenistan's gas line a pipe dream?"</a>. BBC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Is+Turkmenistan%27s+gas+line+a+pipe+dream%3F&rft.date=2015-07-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-32981469&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pajhwok.com/2024/09/11/afghanistan-begins-practical-work-on-tapi-gas-pipeline/">"Afghanistan begins practical work on TAPI gas pipeline"</a>. <i>Pajhwok Afghan News</i>. 11 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pajhwok+Afghan+News&rft.atitle=Afghanistan+begins+practical+work+on+TAPI+gas+pipeline&rft.date=2024-09-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpajhwok.com%2F2024%2F09%2F11%2Fafghanistan-begins-practical-work-on-tapi-gas-pipeline%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ariananews.af/construction-of-afghanistan-section-of-tapi-gas-pipeline-launched/">"Construction of Afghanistan section of TAPI gas pipeline launched"</a>. <i>Ariana News</i>. 11 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ariana+News&rft.atitle=Construction+of+Afghanistan+section+of+TAPI+gas+pipeline+launched&rft.date=2024-09-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ariananews.af%2Fconstruction-of-afghanistan-section-of-tapi-gas-pipeline-launched%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tolonews.com/business-190672">"Islamic Emirate, Turkmenistan Strengthen Ties with Launch of TAPI Project"</a>. <i>TOLOnews</i>. 11 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TOLOnews&rft.atitle=Islamic+Emirate%2C+Turkmenistan+Strengthen+Ties+with+Launch+of+TAPI+Project&rft.date=2024-09-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftolonews.com%2Fbusiness-190672&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMehdudia2010" class="citation news cs1">Mehdudia, Sujay (11 December 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thehindu.com/business/Economy/article946191.ece">"TAPI project will be the new Silk Route, says Deora"</a>. <i>The Hindu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=TAPI+project+will+be+the+new+Silk+Route%2C+says+Deora&rft.date=2010-12-11&rft.aulast=Mehdudia&rft.aufirst=Sujay&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fbusiness%2FEconomy%2Farticle946191.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBhadrakumar2010" class="citation news cs1">Bhadrakumar, M. K. (24 December 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/article972541.ece">"U.S. brings Silk Road to India"</a>. <i>The Hindu</i>. Kasturi & Sons Ltd. / The Hindu Group<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=U.S.+brings+Silk+Road+to+India&rft.date=2010-12-24&rft.aulast=Bhadrakumar&rft.aufirst=M.+K.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fopinion%2Flead%2Farticle972541.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tolonews.com/business-190149">"Baradar: Turkmenistan FM Pledged Readiness for TAPI Project"</a>. <i>TOLO News</i>. 9 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TOLO+News&rft.atitle=Baradar%3A+Turkmenistan+FM+Pledged+Readiness+for+TAPI+Project&rft.date=2024-08-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftolonews.com%2Fbusiness-190149&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrisardDasquie2002" class="citation book cs1">Brisard, Jean-Charles; Dasquie, Guillaume (2002). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/forbiddentruthus00bris"><i>Forbidden Truth – U.S. Taliban Secret Oil Diplomacy and the Failed Hunt for bin Laden</i></a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Nation_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Nation Books">Nation Books</a>. pp. ?. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56025-414-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56025-414-0"><bdi>978-1-56025-414-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Forbidden+Truth+%E2%80%93+U.S.+Taliban+Secret+Oil+Diplomacy+and+the+Failed+Hunt+for+bin+Laden&rft.pages=%3F&rft.pub=Nation+Books&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1-56025-414-0&rft.aulast=Brisard&rft.aufirst=Jean-Charles&rft.au=Dasquie%2C+Guillaume&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fforbiddentruthus00bris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LeVine-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LeVine_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeVine2007" class="citation book cs1">LeVine, Steve (2007). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/unset0000unse_w0b1"><i>The Oil and the Glory: The Pursuit of Empire and Fortune on the Caspian Sea</i></a></span>. Random House. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/unset0000unse_w0b1/page/291">291</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781588366467" title="Special:BookSources/9781588366467"><bdi>9781588366467</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oil+and+the+Glory%3A+The+Pursuit+of+Empire+and+Fortune+on+the+Caspian+Sea&rft.pages=291&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9781588366467&rft.aulast=LeVine&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Funset0000unse_w0b1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eiu-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-eiu_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Country Report: Turkmenistan</i>. <a href="/wiki/Economist_Intelligence_Unit" title="Economist Intelligence Unit">Economist Intelligence Unit</a>. 1998. p. 24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Country+Report%3A+Turkmenistan&rft.pages=24&rft.pub=Economist+Intelligence+Unit&rft.date=1998&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-croissant-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-croissant_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCroissantAras1999" class="citation book cs1">Croissant, Michael P.; Aras, Bülent (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3lyCPmitLkQC&pg=PA87"><i>Oil and Geopolitics in the Caspian Sea Region</i></a>. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 87. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780275963958" title="Special:BookSources/9780275963958"><bdi>9780275963958</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Oil+and+Geopolitics+in+the+Caspian+Sea+Region&rft.pages=87&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9780275963958&rft.aulast=Croissant&rft.aufirst=Michael+P.&rft.au=Aras%2C+B%C3%BClent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3lyCPmitLkQC%26pg%3DPA87&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc1-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bbc1_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcWilliam2002" class="citation news cs1">McWilliam, Ian (27 December 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/2608713.stm">"Central Asia pipeline deal signed"</a>. BBC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 May</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Central+Asia+pipeline+deal+signed&rft.date=2002-12-27&rft.aulast=McWilliam&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fsouth_asia%2F2608713.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-newint-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-newint_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-newint_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNafeez_Mosaddeq_Ahmed2009" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Nafeez_Mosaddeq_Ahmed" class="mw-redirect" title="Nafeez Mosaddeq Ahmed">Nafeez Mosaddeq Ahmed</a> (October 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newint.org/features/2009/10/01/blowback-extended-version/">"Our Terrorists"</a>. New Internationalist<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 December</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Our+Terrorists&rft.pub=New+Internationalist&rft.date=2009-10&rft.au=Nafeez+Mosaddeq+Ahmed&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newint.org%2Ffeatures%2F2009%2F10%2F01%2Fblowback-extended-version%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-upstream1-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-upstream1_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.upstreamonline.com/live/article153168.ece">"Trio sign up for Turkmen gas"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Upstream_(newspaper)" title="Upstream (newspaper)">Upstream Online</a></i>. NHST Media Group. 25 April 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 May</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Upstream+Online&rft.atitle=Trio+sign+up+for+Turkmen+gas&rft.date=2008-04-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.upstreamonline.com%2Flive%2Farticle153168.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://classic.cnbc.com/id/40617007">"Agreement sought on Afghan-Pakistan gas pipeline"</a>. CNBC. Associated Press. 11 December 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 December</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Agreement+sought+on+Afghan-Pakistan+gas+pipeline&rft.date=2010-12-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fclassic.cnbc.com%2Fid%2F40617007&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2024">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.satrapia.com/news/article/tapi-india-afghanistan-fail-to-agree-on-transit-fee/">"TAPI: India, Afghanistan Fail to Agree on Transit Fee"</a>. <i>The Gazette of Central Asia</i>. Satrapia. 18 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Gazette+of+Central+Asia&rft.atitle=TAPI%3A+India%2C+Afghanistan+Fail+to+Agree+on+Transit+Fee&rft.date=2012-04-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.satrapia.com%2Fnews%2Farticle%2Ftapi-india-afghanistan-fail-to-agree-on-transit-fee%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.satrapia.com/news/article/india-authorizes-to-sign-tapi-gas-sales-and-purchase-pact/">"India Authorizes to Sign TAPI Gas Sales and Purchase Pact"</a>. <i>The Gazette of Central Asia</i>. Satrapia. 18 May 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Gazette+of+Central+Asia&rft.atitle=India+Authorizes+to+Sign+TAPI+Gas+Sales+and+Purchase+Pact&rft.date=2012-05-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.satrapia.com%2Fnews%2Farticle%2Findia-authorizes-to-sign-tapi-gas-sales-and-purchase-pact%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-brecorder.com-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-brecorder.com_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-brecorder.com_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brecorder.com/2019/07/08/508207/pakistan-turkmenistan-to-discuss-tapi-gas-pipeline-groundbreaking-in-august">"Pakistan and Turkmenistan to discuss TAPI gas pipeline"</a>. <i>voanews.com</i>. 8 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=voanews.com&rft.atitle=Pakistan+and+Turkmenistan+to+discuss+TAPI+gas+pipeline&rft.date=2019-07-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brecorder.com%2F2019%2F07%2F08%2F508207%2Fpakistan-turkmenistan-to-discuss-tapi-gas-pipeline-groundbreaking-in-august&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlikozai2018" class="citation web cs1">Alikozai, Hasib Danish (24 February 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.voanews.com/a/taliban-to-protect-tapi-gas-pipeline-project/4268767.html">"Taliban Vows to Protect TAPI Gas Pipeline Project"</a>. <i>voanews.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=voanews.com&rft.atitle=Taliban+Vows+to+Protect+TAPI+Gas+Pipeline+Project&rft.date=2018-02-24&rft.aulast=Alikozai&rft.aufirst=Hasib+Danish&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.voanews.com%2Fa%2Ftaliban-to-protect-tapi-gas-pipeline-project%2F4268767.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPutz" class="citation web cs1">Putz, Catherine. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thediplomat.com/2018/02/tapi-moves-into-afghanistan-taliban-promise-to-protect-the-project/">"TAPI Moves into Afghanistan, Taliban Promise to Protect the Project"</a>. <i>thediplomat.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=thediplomat.com&rft.atitle=TAPI+Moves+into+Afghanistan%2C+Taliban+Promise+to+Protect+the+Project&rft.aulast=Putz&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthediplomat.com%2F2018%2F02%2Ftapi-moves-into-afghanistan-taliban-promise-to-protect-the-project%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-alex2-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-alex2_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-alex2_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-alex2_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gasandoil.com/news/central_asia/c945d096920b47dd8cfa1c9be30c5389">"Gas pipeline project Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India approved"</a>. Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections. 21 November 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Gas+pipeline+project+Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India+approved&rft.date=2006-11-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gasandoil.com%2Fnews%2Fcentral_asia%2Fc945d096920b47dd8cfa1c9be30c5389&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-diplomat031215-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-diplomat031215_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTanchum2015" class="citation news cs1">Tanchum, Micha'el (3 December 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thediplomat.com/2015/12/a-fillip-for-the-tapi-pipeline/">"A Fillip for the TAPI Pipeline"</a>. <i>The Diplomat</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Diplomat&rft.atitle=A+Fillip+for+the+TAPI+Pipeline&rft.date=2015-12-03&rft.aulast=Tanchum&rft.aufirst=Micha%27el&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthediplomat.com%2F2015%2F12%2Fa-fillip-for-the-tapi-pipeline%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-upi031214-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-upi031214_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGraeber2014" class="citation news cs1">Graeber, Daniel J. (3 December 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.upi.com/Business_News/Energy-Resources/2014/12/03/Kazakhstan-keen-on-TAPI-gas-pipeline/1741417604335/">"Kazakhstan keen on TAPI gas pipeline"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_Press_International" title="United Press International">UPI</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Kazakhstan+keen+on+TAPI+gas+pipeline&rft.date=2014-12-03&rft.aulast=Graeber&rft.aufirst=Daniel+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.upi.com%2FBusiness_News%2FEnergy-Resources%2F2014%2F12%2F03%2FKazakhstan-keen-on-TAPI-gas-pipeline%2F1741417604335%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dailytimes220203-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dailytimes220203_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMustafa2003" class="citation news cs1">Mustafa, Khalid (22 February 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=story_22-2-2003_pg1_5">"Alternate route for pipeline to be discussed today"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Times_(Pakistan)" title="Daily Times (Pakistan)">Daily Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Times&rft.atitle=Alternate+route+for+pipeline+to+be+discussed+today&rft.date=2003-02-22&rft.aulast=Mustafa&rft.aufirst=Khalid&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailytimes.com.pk%2Fdefault.asp%3Fpage%3Dstory_22-2-2003_pg1_5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India+Pipeline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UCh2n5jQC2o"><span class="plainlinks">د ټاپي او اړوندو نورو پروژو د پرانیستې بشپړ حال</span></a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a> (Pajhwok Afghan News, Sept. 11, 2024)</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turkmenistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan–India_Pipeline&oldid=1256679568">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turkmenistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan–India_Pipeline&oldid=1256679568</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Natural_gas_pipelines_in_Afghanistan" title="Category:Natural gas pipelines in Afghanistan">Natural gas pipelines in Afghanistan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Natural_gas_pipelines_in_Turkmenistan" title="Category:Natural gas pipelines in Turkmenistan">Natural gas pipelines in Turkmenistan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Natural_gas_pipelines_in_Pakistan" title="Category:Natural gas pipelines in Pakistan">Natural gas pipelines in Pakistan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Natural_gas_pipelines_in_India" title="Category:Natural gas pipelines in India">Natural gas pipelines in India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Proposed_pipelines_in_Asia" title="Category:Proposed pipelines in Asia">Proposed pipelines in Asia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Afghanistan%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Category:Afghanistan–India relations">Afghanistan–India relations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Category:Afghanistan–Pakistan relations">Afghanistan–Pakistan relations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Afghanistan%E2%80%93Turkmenistan_relations" title="Category:Afghanistan–Turkmenistan relations">Afghanistan–Turkmenistan relations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:India%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Category:India–Pakistan relations">India–Pakistan relations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pakistan%E2%80%93Turkmenistan_relations" title="Category:Pakistan–Turkmenistan relations">Pakistan–Turkmenistan relations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Proposed_infrastructure_in_India" title="Category:Proposed infrastructure in India">Proposed infrastructure in India</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_November_2024" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from November 2024">Articles with dead external links from November 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_May_2020" title="Category:Use dmy dates from May 2020">Use dmy dates from May 2020</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 11 November 2024, at 02:15<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.canary-84779d6bf6-vqkvc","wgBackendResponseTime":145,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.486","walltime":"0.664","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2802,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":65384,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":4837,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":18,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":3,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":95952,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 595.396 1 -total"," 48.70% 289.980 1 Template:Reflist"," 19.40% 115.505 7 Template:Cite_web"," 19.23% 114.524 1 Template:Short_description"," 19.12% 113.866 1 Template:Infobox_pipeline"," 17.96% 106.941 1 Template:Infobox"," 12.97% 77.199 2 Template:Pagetype"," 12.51% 74.469 16 Template:Cite_news"," 7.63% 45.422 1 Template:Dead_link"," 6.74% 40.125 7 Template:Cvt"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.272","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":8134620,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-9m94g","timestamp":"20241122141544","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Turkmenistan\u2013Afghanistan\u2013Pakistan\u2013India Pipeline","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1759549","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1759549","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-11-19T14:02:04Z","dateModified":"2024-11-11T02:15:02Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/ed\/TAPI-EIA.png","headline":"A natural gas pipeline being developed by the Asian Development Bank."}</script> </body> </html>