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Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholarpedia" title="Scholarpedia – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Scholarpedia" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholarpedia" title="Scholarpedia – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Scholarpedia" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholarpedia" title="Scholarpedia – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Scholarpedia" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholarpedia" title="Scholarpedia – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Scholarpedia" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholarpedia" title="Scholarpedia – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Scholarpedia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholarpedia" title="Scholarpedia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Scholarpedia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="اسکالرپدیا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اسکالرپدیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholarpedia" title="Scholarpedia – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Scholarpedia" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%EC%BD%9C%EB%9D%BC%ED%94%BC%EB%94%94%EC%95%84" title="스콜라피디아 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="스콜라피디아" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholarpedia" title="Scholarpedia – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Scholarpedia" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholarpedia" title="Scholarpedia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Scholarpedia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%93%D7%99%D7%94" title="סקולרפדיה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סקולרפדיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholarpedia" title="Scholarpedia – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Scholarpedia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholarpedia" title="Scholarpedia – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Scholarpedia" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AB%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9A%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2" title="スカラーペディア – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="スカラーペディア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholarpedia" title="Scholarpedia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Scholarpedia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholarpedia" title="Scholarpedia – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Scholarpedia" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholarpedia" title="Scholarpedia – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Scholarpedia" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholarpedia" title="Scholarpedia – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Scholarpedia" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE" title="இசுக்கோலர்ப்பீடியா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இசுக்கோலர்ப்பீடியா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="สโกลาร์พีเดีย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สโกลาร์พีเดีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholarpedia" title="Scholarpedia – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Scholarpedia" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Сколарпедія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сколарпедія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholarpedia" title="Scholarpedia – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Scholarpedia" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholarpedia" 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.infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org"><i>Scholarpedia</i></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Scholarpedia_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Official logo of Scholarpedia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/13/Scholarpedia_logo.png" decoding="async" width="142" height="164" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="142" data-file-height="164" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Scholarpedia logo</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:gainsboro;text-align:center">Screenshot</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Scholarpedia.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Screenshot of the Scholarpedia homepage" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/55/Scholarpedia.png/250px-Scholarpedia.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/5/55/Scholarpedia.png 1.5x" data-file-width="349" data-file-height="285" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><i>Scholarpedia</i> <a href="/wiki/Homepage" class="mw-redirect" title="Homepage">homepage</a></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Type of site</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Online_encyclopedia" title="Online encyclopedia">Online encyclopedia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Available in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Editor</th><td class="infobox-data">Eugene M. Izhikevich (Editor-in-Chief)<sup id="cite_ref-editor-in-chief_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-editor-in-chief-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">URL</th><td class="infobox-data url"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scholarpedia.org">www<wbr />.scholarpedia<wbr />.org</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Commercial</th><td class="infobox-data">No</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Registration</th><td class="infobox-data">Optional (required to edit pages)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Registered_user" title="Registered user">Users</a></th><td class="infobox-data">19,133 registered users (December 2022<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Scholarpedia&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>)<sup id="cite_ref-statistics-dec-2022_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-statistics-dec-2022-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launched</th><td class="infobox-data">February 5, 2006<span class="noprint">; 19 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2006-02-05</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Current status</th><td class="infobox-data category">1,816 peer-reviewed articles (December 2022<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Scholarpedia&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>)<sup id="cite_ref-statistics-dec-2022_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-statistics-dec-2022-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Content license</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Creative_Commons_license" title="Creative Commons license">CC BY-NC-SA 3.0</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISSN" title="ISSN">ISSN</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1941-6016">1941-6016</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Scholarpedia</b></i> is an English-language <a href="/wiki/Wiki" title="Wiki">wiki</a>-based <a href="/wiki/Online_encyclopedia" title="Online encyclopedia">online encyclopedia</a> with features commonly associated with <a href="/wiki/Open_access_(publishing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Open access (publishing)">open-access</a> online <a href="/wiki/Academic_journal" title="Academic journal">academic journals</a>, which aims to have quality content in science and medicine. </p><p><i>Scholarpedia</i> articles are written by invited or approved expert authors and are subject to <a href="/wiki/Peer_review" title="Peer review">peer review</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Scholarpedia</i> lists the real names and affiliations of all authors, curators and editors involved in an article: however, the peer review process (which can suggest changes or additions, and has to be satisfied before an article can appear) is anonymous. <i>Scholarpedia</i> articles are stored in an online repository, and can be <a href="/wiki/Citation" title="Citation">cited</a> as conventional journal articles (<i>Scholarpedia</i> has the <a href="/wiki/ISSN" title="ISSN">ISSN</a> number <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1941-6016">1941-6016</a>). <i>Scholarpedia</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s citation system includes support for revision numbers. </p><p>The project was created in February 2006 by Eugene M. Izhikevich, while he was a researcher at the <a href="/wiki/Neurosciences_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Neurosciences Institute">Neurosciences Institute</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Diego,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="San Diego, California">San Diego, California</a>. Izhikevich also serves as the encyclopedia's editor-in-chief.<sup id="cite_ref-editor-in-chief_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-editor-in-chief-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Scope">Scope</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scholarpedia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Scope"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Scholarpedia_main_page.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Scholarpedia_main_page.png/220px-Scholarpedia_main_page.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Scholarpedia_main_page.png/330px-Scholarpedia_main_page.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Scholarpedia_main_page.png/440px-Scholarpedia_main_page.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption><i>Scholarpedia</i> <a href="/wiki/Home_page" title="Home page">main page</a></figcaption></figure> <p><i>Scholarpedia</i> content is grouped into separate "encyclopedias". As of August 2023<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Scholarpedia&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, seven of these are described as "focal areas": </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astrophysics" title="Astrophysics">Astrophysics</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celestial_mechanics" title="Celestial mechanics">Celestial mechanics</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computational_neuroscience" title="Computational neuroscience">Computational neuroscience</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computational_intelligence" title="Computational intelligence">Computational intelligence</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamical_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Dynamical systems">Dynamical systems</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physics" title="Physics">Physics</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somatosensory_system" title="Somatosensory system">Touch</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Other encyclopedias include diverse areas such as <a href="/wiki/Play_(activity)" title="Play (activity)">play science</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and models of <a href="/wiki/Neurological_disorder" title="Neurological disorder">brain disorders</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of November 2018<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Scholarpedia&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, <i>Scholarpedia</i> had 1,804 content pages and 18,149 registered users,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while as of November 2021<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Scholarpedia&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, it had 1,812 peer-reviewed articles.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Funding">Funding</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scholarpedia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Funding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Scholarpedia</i>'s maintenance and server costs is currently funded by Brain Corporation,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a <a href="/wiki/Robotics" title="Robotics">robotics</a> company which Izhikevich is the co-founder and CEO of.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As stated on <i>Scholarpedia</i>'s Frequently Asked Questions page, the company is also able to "benefit from <i>Scholarpedia</i>'s extensive coverage of topics in computational neuroscience". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Authorship">Authorship</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scholarpedia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Authorship"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>To ensure that the articles are written by experts, authors of the various articles in <i>Scholarpedia</i> are either invited by the editor-in-chief or other curators, or selected by a public election. For example, <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Wales" title="Jimmy Wales">Jimmy Wales</a> and <a href="/wiki/Larry_Sanger" title="Larry Sanger">Larry Sanger</a> were nominated for the article on Wikipedia.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of May 2009<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Scholarpedia&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the list of authors included four <a href="/wiki/Fields_Medalists" class="mw-redirect" title="Fields Medalists">Fields Medalists</a> and sixteen <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prize</a> winners.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Registered users must provide their full real name, and a recognized affiliation to an academic institution. Only registered users can edit an article, and those edits are subject to approval by the <i>curator</i> of the article, who is typically the author.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Curatorship is transferable. Users have a <i>curator index</i> attribute which is incremented or decremented by various activities and which affects the user's capabilities on the website. </p><p>After October 20, 2011, anyone can propose an article for <i>Scholarpedia</i>, but articles must be sponsored by Editors or Curators before the article can be published.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Copyright">Copyright</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scholarpedia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Copyright"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Articles are available online without charge for non-commercial use, but may not be copied in bulk. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Authors are credited on the article page and in the suggested citation formats.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2008 <i>Scholarpedia</i> changed their licensing policy and started accepting articles under the <a href="/wiki/GNU_Free_Documentation_License" title="GNU Free Documentation License">GNU Free Documentation License</a> and the <a href="/wiki/CC-BY-NC-ND" class="mw-redirect" title="CC-BY-NC-ND">Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-ShareAlike</a> 3.0 license, in addition to the earlier system in which the author gives a non-exclusive license directly to <i>Scholarpedia</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Software">Software</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scholarpedia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Software"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Scholarpedia</i> uses the same <a href="/wiki/Wiki_software" title="Wiki software">wiki engine</a> as <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a>, <a href="/wiki/MediaWiki" title="MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a>, with modifications to support voting on revisions. The software's development is done privately.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scholarpedia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nupedia" title="Nupedia">Nupedia</a> – which had similar design to <i>Scholarpedia</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizendium" title="Citizendium">Citizendium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_online_encyclopedias" title="List of online encyclopedias">List of online encyclopedias</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scholarpedia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-editor-in-chief-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-editor-in-chief_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-editor-in-chief_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholarpedia.org/article/User:Eugene_M._Izhikevich">"Eugene M. Izhikevich"</a>. <i>Scholarpedia</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230529153525/http://scholarpedia.org/article/User:Eugene_M._Izhikevich">Archived</a> from the original on May 29, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 13,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Scholarpedia&rft.atitle=Eugene+M.+Izhikevich&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscholarpedia.org%2Farticle%2FUser%3AEugene_M._Izhikevich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScholarpedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-statistics-dec-2022-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-statistics-dec-2022_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-statistics-dec-2022_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Special:Statistics">"Statistics"</a>. <i>Scholarpedia</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221230002131/http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Special:Statistics">Archived</a> from the original on December 30, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 13,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Scholarpedia&rft.atitle=Statistics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scholarpedia.org%2Farticle%2FSpecial%3AStatistics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScholarpedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120222104006/http://applied-neuroscience.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=79">"Scholarpedia: the free peer-reviewed encyclopedia"</a>. <i>Society of Applied Neuroscience</i>. 2006-11-11. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://applied-neuroscience.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=79">the original</a> on 2012-02-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-02-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Society+of+Applied+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Scholarpedia%3A+the+free+peer-reviewed+encyclopedia&rft.date=2006-11-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fapplied-neuroscience.org%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26task%3Dview%26id%3D79&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScholarpedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Encyclopedia:Astrophysics">"Encyclopedia: Astrophysics – Scholarpedia"</a>. <i>scholarpedia.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230812192848/http://scholarpedia.org/article/Encyclopedia:Astrophysics">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-08-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-08-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=scholarpedia.org&rft.atitle=Encyclopedia%3A+Astrophysics+%E2%80%93+Scholarpedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scholarpedia.org%2Farticle%2FEncyclopedia%3AAstrophysics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScholarpedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Encyclopedia:Celestial_mechanics">"Encyclopedia: Celestial mechanics – Scholarpedia"</a>. <i>scholarpedia.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=scholarpedia.org&rft.atitle=Encyclopedia%3A+Celestial+mechanics+%E2%80%93+Scholarpedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scholarpedia.org%2Farticle%2FEncyclopedia%3ACelestial_mechanics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScholarpedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Encyclopedia:Computational_neuroscience">"Encyclopedia: Computational neuroscience – Scholarpedia"</a>. <i>scholarpedia.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=scholarpedia.org&rft.atitle=Encyclopedia%3A+Computational+neuroscience+%E2%80%93+Scholarpedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scholarpedia.org%2Farticle%2FEncyclopedia%3AComputational_neuroscience&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScholarpedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Encyclopedia:Computational_intelligence">"Encyclopedia:Computational intelligence - Scholarpedia"</a>. <i>www.scholarpedia.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.scholarpedia.org&rft.atitle=Encyclopedia%3AComputational+intelligence+-+Scholarpedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scholarpedia.org%2Farticle%2FEncyclopedia%3AComputational_intelligence&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScholarpedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Encyclopedia:Dynamical_systems">"Encyclopedia: Dynamical systems – Scholarpedia"</a>. <i>scholarpedia.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230812192840/http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Encyclopedia:Dynamical_systems">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-08-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-08-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=scholarpedia.org&rft.atitle=Encyclopedia%3A+Dynamical+systems+%E2%80%93+Scholarpedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scholarpedia.org%2Farticle%2FEncyclopedia%3ADynamical_systems&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScholarpedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Encyclopedia:Physics">"Encyclopedia: Physics – Scholarpedia"</a>. <i>scholarpedia.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=scholarpedia.org&rft.atitle=Encyclopedia%3A+Physics+%E2%80%93+Scholarpedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scholarpedia.org%2Farticle%2FEncyclopedia%3APhysics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScholarpedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Encyclopedia:Touch">"Encyclopedia: Touch – Scholarpedia"</a>. <i>scholarpedia.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=scholarpedia.org&rft.atitle=Encyclopedia%3A+Touch+%E2%80%93+Scholarpedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scholarpedia.org%2Farticle%2FEncyclopedia%3ATouch&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScholarpedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Encyclopedia:Play_Science">"Encyclopedia: Play Science – Scholarpedia"</a>. <i>scholarpedia.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171009105847/http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Encyclopedia:Play_Science">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-10-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-02-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=scholarpedia.org&rft.atitle=Encyclopedia%3A+Play+Science+%E2%80%93+Scholarpedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scholarpedia.org%2Farticle%2FEncyclopedia%3APlay_Science&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScholarpedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Encyclopedia:Models_of_brain_disorders">"Encyclopedia: Models of brain disorders – Scholarpedia"</a>. <i>scholarpedia.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171003102414/http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Encyclopedia:Models_of_brain_disorders">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-10-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-02-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=scholarpedia.org&rft.atitle=Encyclopedia%3A+Models+of+brain+disorders+%E2%80%93+Scholarpedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scholarpedia.org%2Farticle%2FEncyclopedia%3AModels_of_brain_disorders&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScholarpedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mitpress.typepad.com/mitpresslog/2007/01/scholarpedia.html">"Scholarpedia"</a>. <i>The <a href="/wiki/MIT" class="mw-redirect" title="MIT">MIT</a> Presslog</i>. 2007-01-08. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110725141634/http://mitpress.typepad.com/mitpresslog/2007/01/scholarpedia.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2011-07-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-03-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+MIT+Presslog&rft.atitle=Scholarpedia&rft.date=2007-01-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmitpress.typepad.com%2Fmitpresslog%2F2007%2F01%2Fscholarpedia.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScholarpedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Special:Statistics">"Statistics"</a>. <i>Scholarpedia</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221230002131/http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Special:Statistics">Archived</a> from the original on December 30, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 27,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Scholarpedia&rft.atitle=Statistics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scholarpedia.org%2Farticle%2FSpecial%3AStatistics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScholarpedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIshchenko2021" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ishchenko, Oleksandr (2021-12-15). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://evu.encyclopedia.kyiv.ua/article?id=92">"New trends in the encyclopedic practice shaped by the digital age (based on Scholarpedia and Scholarly Community Еncyclopedia)"</a>. <i>The Encyclopedia Herald of Ukraine</i> (in Ukrainian). <b>13</b>: <span class="nowrap">46–</span>62. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.37068%2Fevu.13.4">10.37068/evu.13.4</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2706-9990">2706-9990</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:245244884">245244884</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221213165744/https://evu.encyclopedia.kyiv.ua/article?id=92">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-12-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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