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data-entity-id="27171337" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27171337/2014_Neolithic_mitochondrial_haplogroup_H_genomes_and_the_genetic_origins_of_Europeans_pdf">2014 Neolithic mitochondrial haplogroup H genomes and the genetic origins of Europeans.pdf</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2014624" href="https://mkuniversity.academia.edu/PITCHAPPANRAMASAMY">PITCHAPPAN RAMASAMY</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"2014 Neolithic mitochondrial haplogroup H genomes and the genetic origins of Europeans.pdf","attachmentId":47419961,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/27171337/2014_Neolithic_mitochondrial_haplogroup_H_genomes_and_the_genetic_origins_of_Europeans_pdf","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/27171337/2014_Neolithic_mitochondrial_haplogroup_H_genomes_and_the_genetic_origins_of_Europeans_pdf"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="10963084" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10963084/Subdividing_mtDNA_haplogroup_H_based_on_coding_region_polymorphisms_a_study_in_Iberia">Subdividing mtDNA haplogroup H based on coding-region polymorphisms—a study in Iberia</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="26556379" href="https://independent.academia.edu/OfeliaGarcia2">Ofelia Garcia</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Congress Series, 2004</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Information on complete human mitochondrial DNA has revealed polymorphisms located in the coding region, which are useful for a more secure mtDNA haplogroup subdivision. We sequenced 1580 bp in the coding region informative for subclassification of haplogroup H, the most poorly resolved European haplogroup when studying only control-region variation. This revealed nine coding polymorphisms (at positions 3010, 3915, 3992, 4024, 4336, 4745, 4769, 4793 and 6776, besides the diagnostic position 7028) that allowed subclassification of around 80% of the 306 Iberian H samples in eight subhaplogroups. Frequencies for these haplogroups vary widely, with half of the samples sharing the substitution at position 3010 (but some structure is already apparent within this subhaplogroup). The HVRI diversity suggested the following age estimates for some subhaplogroups: 3010: 13,400±3000 years; 6776: 8600±2800 years; 4336: 4700±2700 years; 3915: 17,300±9100 years. Those ages indicate that these H subhaplogroups may be informative for different time scales of European demographic history.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Subdividing mtDNA haplogroup H based on coding-region polymorphisms—a study in Iberia","attachmentId":46994748,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/10963084/Subdividing_mtDNA_haplogroup_H_based_on_coding_region_polymorphisms_a_study_in_Iberia","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/10963084/Subdividing_mtDNA_haplogroup_H_based_on_coding_region_polymorphisms_a_study_in_Iberia"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="3404785" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3404785/Neolithic_mitochondrial_haplogroup_H_genomes_and_the_genetic_origins_of_Europeans">Neolithic mitochondrial haplogroup H genomes and the genetic origins of Europeans</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3469372" href="https://uni-mainz.academia.edu/GuidoBrandt">Guido Brandt</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Haplogroup H dominates present-day Western European mitochondrial DNA variability (>40%), yet was less common (~19%) among Early Neolithic farmers (~5450 BC) and virtually absent in Mesolithic hunter-gatherers. Here we investigate this major component of the maternal population history of modern Europeans and sequence 39 complete haplogroup H mitochondrial genomes from ancient human remains. We then compare this 'real-time' genetic data with cultural changes taking place between the Early Neolithic (~5450 BC) and Bronze Age (~2200 BC) in Central Europe. Our results reveal that the current diversity and distribution of haplogroup H were largely established by the Mid Neolithic (~4000 BC), but with substantial genetic contributions from subsequent pan-European cultures such as the Bell Beakers expanding out of Iberia in the Late Neolithic (~2800 BC). Dated haplogroup H genomes allow us to reconstruct the recent evolutionary history of haplogroup H and reveal a mutation rate 45% higher than current</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Neolithic mitochondrial haplogroup H genomes and the genetic origins of Europeans","attachmentId":50296465,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3404785/Neolithic_mitochondrial_haplogroup_H_genomes_and_the_genetic_origins_of_Europeans","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/3404785/Neolithic_mitochondrial_haplogroup_H_genomes_and_the_genetic_origins_of_Europeans"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="25784507" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25784507/Mitochondrial_Genome_Sequencing_in_Mesolithic_North_East_Europe_Unearths_a_New_Sub_Clade_within_the_Broadly_Distributed_Human_Haplogroup_C1">Mitochondrial Genome Sequencing in Mesolithic North East Europe Unearths a New Sub-Clade within the Broadly Distributed Human Haplogroup C1</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="41896238" href="https://eva-mpg.academia.edu/WolfgangHaak">Wolfgang Haak</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">PLoS ONE, 2014</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Mitochondrial Genome Sequencing in Mesolithic North East Europe Unearths a New Sub-Clade within the Broadly Distributed Human Haplogroup C1","attachmentId":46143182,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/25784507/Mitochondrial_Genome_Sequencing_in_Mesolithic_North_East_Europe_Unearths_a_New_Sub_Clade_within_the_Broadly_Distributed_Human_Haplogroup_C1","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/25784507/Mitochondrial_Genome_Sequencing_in_Mesolithic_North_East_Europe_Unearths_a_New_Sub_Clade_within_the_Broadly_Distributed_Human_Haplogroup_C1"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="4580552" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4580552/The_evidence_of_mtDNA_haplogroup_F_in_a_European_population_and_its_ethnohistoric_implications">The evidence of mtDNA haplogroup F in a European population and its ethnohistoric implications</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="5745922" href="https://ebc.academia.edu/HelleViiviTolk">Helle-Viivi Tolk</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">European Journal of Human Genetics, 2001</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The evidence of mtDNA haplogroup F in a European population and its ethnohistoric implications","attachmentId":31950740,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/4580552/The_evidence_of_mtDNA_haplogroup_F_in_a_European_population_and_its_ethnohistoric_implications","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/4580552/The_evidence_of_mtDNA_haplogroup_F_in_a_European_population_and_its_ethnohistoric_implications"><span 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