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Turesson","profile_url":"https://uppsala.academia.edu/IngelaTuresson?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/40927928/82693119/71302748/s65_ingela.turesson.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":2443,"name":"Radiation Oncology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Oncology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":3642,"name":"Stem Cells","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stem_Cells?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":8942,"name":"Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":10030,"name":"Radiation Therapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Therapy?f_ri=132620"},{"id":23067,"name":"DNA repair","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_repair?f_ri=132620"},{"id":38650,"name":"Cell Division","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Division?f_ri=132620"},{"id":38831,"name":"Signal Transduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Signal_Transduction?f_ri=132620"},{"id":43981,"name":"Optimization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optimization?f_ri=132620"},{"id":44814,"name":"Sweden","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sweden?f_ri=132620"},{"id":48057,"name":"DNA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA?f_ri=132620"},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620"},{"id":223455,"name":"Bystander Effect","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bystander_Effect?f_ri=132620"},{"id":469018,"name":"Neoplasms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neoplasms?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_20221002" data-work_id="20221002" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20221002/Radiobiology_of_Stereotactic_Body_Radiation_Therapy_Stereotactic_Radiosurgery_and_the_Linear_Quadratic_Model">Radiobiology of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy/Stereotactic Radiosurgery and the Linear-Quadratic Model</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/20221002" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="267ef703eeeb40d0398f8230029961a3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41104735,"asset_id":20221002,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41104735/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="41414913" href="https://uams.academia.edu/RobertGriffin">Robert 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$(".js-view-count-work_20221002").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_20221002").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="20221002"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7986" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiosurgery">Radiosurgery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7986" type="text/json">{"id":7986,"name":"Radiosurgery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiosurgery?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28850" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linear_models">Linear models</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28850" type="text/json">{"id":28850,"name":"Linear models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linear_models?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="84760" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice">Mice</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="84760" type="text/json">{"id":84760,"name":"Mice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="112576" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Death">Cell Death</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="112576" type="text/json">{"id":112576,"name":"Cell Death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Death?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=20221002]'), work: {"id":20221002,"title":"Radiobiology of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy/Stereotactic Radiosurgery and the Linear-Quadratic Model","created_at":"2016-01-13T07:26:54.467-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/20221002/Radiobiology_of_Stereotactic_Body_Radiation_Therapy_Stereotactic_Radiosurgery_and_the_Linear_Quadratic_Model?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_20221002","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41104735,"asset_id":20221002,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":41414913,"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Griffin","domain_name":"uams","page_name":"RobertGriffin","display_name":"Robert Griffin","profile_url":"https://uams.academia.edu/RobertGriffin?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/41414913/11229646/12529761/s65_robert.griffin.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7986,"name":"Radiosurgery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiosurgery?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":28850,"name":"Linear models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linear_models?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":84760,"name":"Mice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":112576,"name":"Cell Death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Death?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=132620"},{"id":448603,"name":"Necrosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Necrosis?f_ri=132620"},{"id":469018,"name":"Neoplasms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neoplasms?f_ri=132620"},{"id":557543,"name":"Blood Vessels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blood_Vessels?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1157148,"name":"Cell Survival","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Survival?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_28928195" data-work_id="28928195" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28928195/Effect_of_high_dose_per_pulse_flattening_filter_free_beams_on_cancer_cell_survival">Effect of high dose per pulse flattening filter-free beams on cancer cell survival</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Purpose: To investigate if there is a statistically significant difference in cancer cell survival using a high dose per pulse flattening filter-free (FFF) beam compared to a standard flattened beam. Material and methods: To validate the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_28928195" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Purpose: To investigate if there is a statistically significant difference in cancer cell survival using a high dose per pulse flattening filter-free (FFF) beam compared to a standard flattened beam. Material and methods: To validate the radiobiological effect of the flattened and FFF beam, two glioblastoma cell lines were treated with either 5 or 10 Gy using different dose rates. Dose verification was performed and colony formation assays were carried out. To compare the predictability of our data, radiobiological models were included. Results: The results presented here demonstrate that irradiation of glioblastoma cell lines using the FFF beam is more efficient in reducing clonogenic cell survival than the standard flattened beam, an effect which becomes more significant the higher the single dose. Interestingly, in our experimental setting, the radiobiological effect of the FFF beam is dependent on dose per pulse rather than on delivery time. The used radiobiological models are able to describe the observed dose rate dependency between 6 and 24 Gy/min. Conclusion: The results presented here show that dose per pulse might become a crucial factor which influences cancer cell survival. Using high dose rates, currently used radiobiological models as well as molecular mechanisms involved urgently need to be re-examined.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/28928195" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1dae28bab0bde02c4f24d87e7c4c1798" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49364280,"asset_id":28928195,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49364280/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="54506924" href="https://independent.academia.edu/StephanScheidegger">Stephan Scheidegger</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="54506924" type="text/json">{"id":54506924,"first_name":"Stephan","last_name":"Scheidegger","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StephanScheidegger","display_name":"Stephan Scheidegger","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StephanScheidegger?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_28928195 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="28928195"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 28928195, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_28928195", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=28928195]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_28928195").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_28928195").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="28928195"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19354" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiotherapy">Radiotherapy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19354" type="text/json">{"id":19354,"name":"Radiotherapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiotherapy?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="91499" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glioblastoma">Glioblastoma</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="91499" type="text/json">{"id":91499,"name":"Glioblastoma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glioblastoma?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="125564" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistical_Significance">Statistical Significance</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="125564" type="text/json">{"id":125564,"name":"Statistical Significance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistical_Significance?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="132620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology">Radiobiology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="132620" type="text/json">{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=28928195]'), work: {"id":28928195,"title":"Effect of high dose per pulse flattening filter-free beams on cancer cell survival","created_at":"2016-10-04T23:25:50.223-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/28928195/Effect_of_high_dose_per_pulse_flattening_filter_free_beams_on_cancer_cell_survival?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_28928195","summary":"Purpose: To investigate if there is a statistically significant difference in cancer cell survival using a high dose per pulse flattening filter-free (FFF) beam compared to a standard flattened beam. Material and methods: To validate the radiobiological effect of the flattened and FFF beam, two glioblastoma cell lines were treated with either 5 or 10 Gy using different dose rates. Dose verification was performed and colony formation assays were carried out. To compare the predictability of our data, radiobiological models were included. Results: The results presented here demonstrate that irradiation of glioblastoma cell lines using the FFF beam is more efficient in reducing clonogenic cell survival than the standard flattened beam, an effect which becomes more significant the higher the single dose. Interestingly, in our experimental setting, the radiobiological effect of the FFF beam is dependent on dose per pulse rather than on delivery time. The used radiobiological models are able to describe the observed dose rate dependency between 6 and 24 Gy/min. Conclusion: The results presented here show that dose per pulse might become a crucial factor which influences cancer cell survival. Using high dose rates, currently used radiobiological models as well as molecular mechanisms involved urgently need to be re-examined.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49364280,"asset_id":28928195,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":54506924,"first_name":"Stephan","last_name":"Scheidegger","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StephanScheidegger","display_name":"Stephan Scheidegger","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StephanScheidegger?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":19354,"name":"Radiotherapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiotherapy?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":91499,"name":"Glioblastoma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glioblastoma?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":125564,"name":"Statistical Significance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistical_Significance?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":191566,"name":"Dose rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dose_rate?f_ri=132620"},{"id":764258,"name":"Ionizing Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ionizing_Radiation?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1157148,"name":"Cell Survival","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Survival?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14745807" data-work_id="14745807" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14745807/Recent_issues_on_dosimetry_and_radiobiology_for_peptide_receptor_radionuclide_therapy">Recent issues on dosimetry and radiobiology for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) has been constantly evolving over the last decade, providing successful results in the treatment of tumors expressing somatostatin receptors, especially with 90Y -- and 177Lu -- radiolabelled... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14745807" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) has been constantly evolving over the last decade, providing successful results in the treatment of tumors expressing somatostatin receptors, especially with 90Y -- and 177Lu -- radiolabelled peptides. Recent and/or ongoing studies assure new perspectives to come. Dosimetry represents a precious guide for the selection of radionuclides and peptides, for protocol settings, for toxicity prevention and therapy optimization. Thus, reliable and personalized dosimetry is more and more requested. This paper reviews the important advances recently obtained in the dosimetric methods that have been applied to this therapy. Special emphasis has been given to the impact derived (or derivable in the next future) from more refined dose evaluations focused on the kidneys and the red marrow. The possibility of improving the accuracy of dosimetry represents a further challenge for this therapy. Following the preliminary correlation observed between the bi...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14745807" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d976890a94cbe2646b15db7784ae968d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43923236,"asset_id":14745807,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43923236/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33707816" href="https://unimi.academia.edu/MartaCremonesi">Marta Cremonesi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33707816" type="text/json">{"id":33707816,"first_name":"Marta","last_name":"Cremonesi","domain_name":"unimi","page_name":"MartaCremonesi","display_name":"Marta Cremonesi","profile_url":"https://unimi.academia.edu/MartaCremonesi?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_14745807 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="14745807"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14745807, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_14745807", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_14745807 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14745807; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_14745807"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_14745807 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14745807"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14745807; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14745807]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_14745807").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_14745807").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="14745807"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="71294" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kidney">Kidney</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="71294" type="text/json">{"id":71294,"name":"Kidney","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kidney?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="132620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology">Radiobiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="132620" type="text/json">{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159239" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bone_marrow">Bone marrow</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159239" type="text/json">{"id":159239,"name":"Bone marrow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bone_marrow?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="244814" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences">Clinical Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="244814" type="text/json">{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=14745807]'), work: {"id":14745807,"title":"Recent issues on dosimetry and radiobiology for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy","created_at":"2015-08-07T10:57:54.390-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/14745807/Recent_issues_on_dosimetry_and_radiobiology_for_peptide_receptor_radionuclide_therapy?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_14745807","summary":"Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) has been constantly evolving over the last decade, providing successful results in the treatment of tumors expressing somatostatin receptors, especially with 90Y -- and 177Lu -- radiolabelled peptides. Recent and/or ongoing studies assure new perspectives to come. Dosimetry represents a precious guide for the selection of radionuclides and peptides, for protocol settings, for toxicity prevention and therapy optimization. Thus, reliable and personalized dosimetry is more and more requested. This paper reviews the important advances recently obtained in the dosimetric methods that have been applied to this therapy. Special emphasis has been given to the impact derived (or derivable in the next future) from more refined dose evaluations focused on the kidneys and the red marrow. The possibility of improving the accuracy of dosimetry represents a further challenge for this therapy. Following the preliminary correlation observed between the bi...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43923236,"asset_id":14745807,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33707816,"first_name":"Marta","last_name":"Cremonesi","domain_name":"unimi","page_name":"MartaCremonesi","display_name":"Marta Cremonesi","profile_url":"https://unimi.academia.edu/MartaCremonesi?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":71294,"name":"Kidney","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kidney?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":159239,"name":"Bone marrow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bone_marrow?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":469018,"name":"Neoplasms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neoplasms?f_ri=132620"},{"id":784086,"name":"Radiopharmaceuticals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiopharmaceuticals?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_32750302" data-work_id="32750302" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32750302/Prevalence_of_Blood_Doping_in_Samples_Collected_from_Elite_Track_and_Field_Athletes">Prevalence of Blood Doping in Samples Collected from Elite Track and Field Athletes</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">No reliable estimate of the prevalence of doping in elite sports has been published. Since 2001, the international governing body for athletics has implemented a blood-testing program to detect altered hematological profiles in the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_32750302" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">No reliable estimate of the prevalence of doping in elite sports has been published. Since 2001, the international governing body for athletics has implemented a blood-testing program to detect altered hematological profiles in the world's toplevel athletes.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32750302" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="941fc8f50cba1fc629e5d8ab2db3a72a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52907695,"asset_id":32750302,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52907695/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="63712792" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MartialSaugy">Martial Saugy</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="63712792" type="text/json">{"id":63712792,"first_name":"Martial","last_name":"Saugy","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MartialSaugy","display_name":"Martial Saugy","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MartialSaugy?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_32750302 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="32750302"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 32750302, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_32750302", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_32750302 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32750302; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_32750302"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_32750302 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="32750302"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32750302; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=32750302]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_32750302").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_32750302").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="32750302"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="145" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry">Biochemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="145" type="text/json">{"id":145,"name":"Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1085" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology">Epidemiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1085" type="text/json">{"id":1085,"name":"Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2513" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology">Molecular Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2513" type="text/json">{"id":2513,"name":"Molecular Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="33912" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Doping">Doping</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="33912" type="text/json">{"id":33912,"name":"Doping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Doping?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=32750302]'), work: {"id":32750302,"title":"Prevalence of Blood Doping in Samples Collected from Elite Track and Field Athletes","created_at":"2017-05-01T08:47:12.356-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/32750302/Prevalence_of_Blood_Doping_in_Samples_Collected_from_Elite_Track_and_Field_Athletes?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_32750302","summary":"No reliable estimate of the prevalence of doping in elite sports has been published. Since 2001, the international governing body for athletics has implemented a blood-testing program to detect altered hematological profiles in the world's toplevel athletes.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52907695,"asset_id":32750302,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":63712792,"first_name":"Martial","last_name":"Saugy","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MartialSaugy","display_name":"Martial Saugy","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MartialSaugy?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":145,"name":"Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":1085,"name":"Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":2513,"name":"Molecular Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":33912,"name":"Doping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Doping?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":41839,"name":"Clinical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Chemistry?f_ri=132620"},{"id":49905,"name":"Sport","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sport?f_ri=132620"},{"id":84243,"name":"Medical Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Biotechnology?f_ri=132620"},{"id":99708,"name":"Clinical","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical?f_ri=132620"},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620"},{"id":133057,"name":"Young Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Young_Adult?f_ri=132620"},{"id":178586,"name":"Track and Field","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Track_and_Field?f_ri=132620"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=132620"},{"id":289330,"name":"Prevalence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prevalence?f_ri=132620"},{"id":568482,"name":"Biological markers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_markers?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1000427,"name":"Reference Values","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reference_Values?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1795648,"name":"Doping in Sports","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Doping_in_Sports?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_18183611" data-work_id="18183611" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18183611/Proton_relative_biological_effectiveness_RBE_for_survival_in_mice_after_thoracic_irradiation_with_fractionated_doses">Proton relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for survival in mice after thoracic irradiation with fractionated doses</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Purpose: This study aims at providing relative biological effectiveness (RBE) data under reference conditions accounting for the determination of the "clinical RBE" of protons. Methods and Materials: RBE (ref. 60 Co ␥-rays) of the 200 MeV... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_18183611" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Purpose: This study aims at providing relative biological effectiveness (RBE) data under reference conditions accounting for the determination of the "clinical RBE" of protons. Methods and Materials: RBE (ref. 60 Co ␥-rays) of the 200 MeV clinical proton beam produced at the National Accelerator Centre (South Africa) was determined for lung tolerance assessed by survival after selective irradiation of the thorax in mice. Irradiations were performed in 1, 3, or 10 fractions separated by 12 h. Proton irradiations were performed at the middle of a 7-cm spread out Bragg peak (SOBP). Control ␥ irradiations were randomized with proton irradiations and performed simultaneously. A total of 1008 mice was used, of which 96 were assessed for histopathology. Results: RBEs derived from LD50 ratios were found not to vary significantly with fractionation (corresponding dose range, ϳ2-20 Gy). They, however, tend to increase with time and reach (mean of the RBEs for 1, 3 and 10 fractions) 1.00, 1.08, 1.14, and 1.25 for LD50 at 180, 210, 240, and 270 days, respectively (confidence interval approximately 20%). ␣/␤ ratios for protons and ␥ are very similar and average 2.3 (0.6 -4.8) for the different endpoints. Additional irradiations in 10 fractions at the end of the SOBP were found slightly more effective (ϳ6%) than at the middle of the SOBP. A control experiment for intestinal crypt regeneration in mice was randomized with the lung experiment and yielded an RBE of 1.14 ؎ 0.03, i.e., the same value as obtained previously, which vouches for the reliability of the experimental procedure. Conclusion: There is no need to raise the clinical RBE of protons in consideration of the late tolerance of healthy tissues in the extent that RBE for lung tolerance was found not to vary with fractionation nor to differ significantly from those of the majority of early-and late-responding tissues.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/18183611" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="71166ec04737e5edb3898fd96c6b1331" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39920597,"asset_id":18183611,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39920597/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="38013769" href="https://nederlandsforensischinstituut.academia.edu/ARuifrok">Arnout Ruifrok</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="38013769" type="text/json">{"id":38013769,"first_name":"Arnout","last_name":"Ruifrok","domain_name":"nederlandsforensischinstituut","page_name":"ARuifrok","display_name":"Arnout Ruifrok","profile_url":"https://nederlandsforensischinstituut.academia.edu/ARuifrok?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_18183611 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="18183611"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 18183611, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_18183611", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_18183611 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18183611; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_18183611"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_18183611 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18183611"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18183611; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18183611]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_18183611").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_18183611").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="18183611"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="61866" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_Africa">South Africa</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="61866" type="text/json">{"id":61866,"name":"South Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_Africa?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="84760" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice">Mice</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="84760" type="text/json">{"id":84760,"name":"Mice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="129744" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confidence_intervals">Confidence intervals</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="129744" type="text/json">{"id":129744,"name":"Confidence intervals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confidence_intervals?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="132620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology">Radiobiology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="132620" type="text/json">{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=18183611]'), work: {"id":18183611,"title":"Proton relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for survival in mice after thoracic irradiation with fractionated doses","created_at":"2015-11-11T23:56:05.410-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/18183611/Proton_relative_biological_effectiveness_RBE_for_survival_in_mice_after_thoracic_irradiation_with_fractionated_doses?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_18183611","summary":"Purpose: This study aims at providing relative biological effectiveness (RBE) data under reference conditions accounting for the determination of the \"clinical RBE\" of protons. Methods and Materials: RBE (ref. 60 Co ␥-rays) of the 200 MeV clinical proton beam produced at the National Accelerator Centre (South Africa) was determined for lung tolerance assessed by survival after selective irradiation of the thorax in mice. Irradiations were performed in 1, 3, or 10 fractions separated by 12 h. Proton irradiations were performed at the middle of a 7-cm spread out Bragg peak (SOBP). Control ␥ irradiations were randomized with proton irradiations and performed simultaneously. A total of 1008 mice was used, of which 96 were assessed for histopathology. Results: RBEs derived from LD50 ratios were found not to vary significantly with fractionation (corresponding dose range, ϳ2-20 Gy). They, however, tend to increase with time and reach (mean of the RBEs for 1, 3 and 10 fractions) 1.00, 1.08, 1.14, and 1.25 for LD50 at 180, 210, 240, and 270 days, respectively (confidence interval approximately 20%). ␣/␤ ratios for protons and ␥ are very similar and average 2.3 (0.6 -4.8) for the different endpoints. Additional irradiations in 10 fractions at the end of the SOBP were found slightly more effective (ϳ6%) than at the middle of the SOBP. A control experiment for intestinal crypt regeneration in mice was randomized with the lung experiment and yielded an RBE of 1.14 ؎ 0.03, i.e., the same value as obtained previously, which vouches for the reliability of the experimental procedure. Conclusion: There is no need to raise the clinical RBE of protons in consideration of the late tolerance of healthy tissues in the extent that RBE for lung tolerance was found not to vary with fractionation nor to differ significantly from those of the majority of early-and late-responding tissues.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39920597,"asset_id":18183611,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":38013769,"first_name":"Arnout","last_name":"Ruifrok","domain_name":"nederlandsforensischinstituut","page_name":"ARuifrok","display_name":"Arnout Ruifrok","profile_url":"https://nederlandsforensischinstituut.academia.edu/ARuifrok?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":61866,"name":"South Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_Africa?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":84760,"name":"Mice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":129744,"name":"Confidence intervals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confidence_intervals?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":197297,"name":"Lung","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lung?f_ri=132620"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=132620"},{"id":357068,"name":"Fraction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fraction?f_ri=132620"},{"id":832191,"name":"Relative Biological Effectiveness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Relative_Biological_Effectiveness?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1159983,"name":"Radiation Tolerance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Tolerance?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1208793,"name":"Protons","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protons?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1587858,"name":"Confidence Interval","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confidence_Interval?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29471346" data-work_id="29471346" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29471346/Radioresistance_studies_in_Methylobacterium_spp">Radioresistance studies in Methylobacterium spp</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Methylobacterium extorquen'~ was isolated and was found as one of the most resistant microorganisms in the original bioburden of ophthalmic cotton dressings to be submitted to ~, radiation sterilization. Radiation survival curves were... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_29471346" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Methylobacterium extorquen'~ was isolated and was found as one of the most resistant microorganisms in the original bioburden of ophthalmic cotton dressings to be submitted to ~, radiation sterilization. Radiation survival curves were simultaneously performed in phosphate buffer and in test-pieces on two isolates, one obtained before irradiation (wild strain) and the other after irradiation at 20 kGy (rad strain), as well as on three type strains of Methylobacterium spp. (M. extorquens r, M, radiotolerans r and M. fujisawaenser). 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data-work_id="51069231" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/51069231/UNIVERSAL_SURVIVAL_CURVE_AND_SINGLE_FRACTION_EQUIVALENT_DOSE_USEFUL_TOOLS_IN_UNDERSTANDING_POTENCY_OF_ABLATIVE_RADIOTHERAPY_IN_REGARD_TO_PARKS_ET_AL_Authors_reply">UNIVERSAL SURVIVAL CURVE AND SINGLE FRACTION EQUIVALENT DOSE : USEFUL TOOLS IN UNDERSTANDING POTENCY OF ABLATIVE RADIOTHERAPY: IN REGARD TO PARKS ET AL. Authors' reply</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Purpose: Overprediction of the potency and toxicity of high-dose ablative radiotherapy such as stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) by the linear quadratic (LQ) model led to many clinicians' hesitating to adopt this efficacious and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_51069231" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Purpose: Overprediction of the potency and toxicity of high-dose ablative radiotherapy such as stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) by the linear quadratic (LQ) model led to many clinicians' hesitating to adopt this efficacious and well-tolerated therapeutic option. The aim of this study was to offer an alternative method of analyzing the effect of SBRT by constructing a universal survival curve (USC) that provides superior approximation of the experimentally measured survival curves in the ablative, high-dose range without losing the strengths of the LQ model around the shoulder. Methods and Materials: The USC was constructed by hybridizing two classic radiobiologic models: the LQ model and the multitarget model. We have assumed that the LQ model gives a good description for conventionally fractionated radiotherapy (CFRT) for the dose to the shoulder. For ablative doses beyond the shoulder, the survival curve is better described as a straight line as predicted by the multitarget model. The USC smoothly interpolates from a parabola predicted by the LQ model to the terminal asymptote of the multitarget model in the high-dose region. From the USC, we derived two equivalence functions, the biologically effective dose and the single fraction equivalent dose for both CFRT and SBRT. Results: The validity of the USC was tested by using previously published parameters of the LQ and multitarget models for non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines. A comparison of the goodness-of-fit of the LQ and USC models was made to a high-dose survival curve of the H460 non-small-cell lung cancer cell line. Conclusion: The USC can be used to compare the dose fractionation schemes of both CFRT and SBRT. The USC provides an empirically and a clinically well-justified rationale for SBRT while preserving the strengths of the LQ model for CFRT.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/51069231" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d0bb326bd123b239a352271c3aa3b083" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68926486,"asset_id":51069231,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68926486/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="193334845" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ClintPark">Clint Park</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="193334845" type="text/json">{"id":193334845,"first_name":"Clint","last_name":"Park","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ClintPark","display_name":"Clint Park","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ClintPark?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/193334845/55995130/44186085/s65_clint.park.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_51069231 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="51069231"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 51069231, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_51069231", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51069231]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_51069231").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_51069231").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="51069231"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7986" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiosurgery">Radiosurgery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7986" type="text/json">{"id":7986,"name":"Radiosurgery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiosurgery?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23066" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_damage">DNA damage</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23066" type="text/json">{"id":23066,"name":"DNA damage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_damage?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23067" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_repair">DNA repair</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23067" type="text/json">{"id":23067,"name":"DNA repair","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_repair?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28850" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linear_models">Linear models</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="28850" type="text/json">{"id":28850,"name":"Linear models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linear_models?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=51069231]'), work: {"id":51069231,"title":"UNIVERSAL SURVIVAL CURVE AND SINGLE FRACTION EQUIVALENT DOSE : USEFUL TOOLS IN UNDERSTANDING POTENCY OF ABLATIVE RADIOTHERAPY: IN REGARD TO PARKS ET AL. Authors' reply","created_at":"2021-08-28T15:47:10.478-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/51069231/UNIVERSAL_SURVIVAL_CURVE_AND_SINGLE_FRACTION_EQUIVALENT_DOSE_USEFUL_TOOLS_IN_UNDERSTANDING_POTENCY_OF_ABLATIVE_RADIOTHERAPY_IN_REGARD_TO_PARKS_ET_AL_Authors_reply?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_51069231","summary":"Purpose: Overprediction of the potency and toxicity of high-dose ablative radiotherapy such as stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) by the linear quadratic (LQ) model led to many clinicians' hesitating to adopt this efficacious and well-tolerated therapeutic option. The aim of this study was to offer an alternative method of analyzing the effect of SBRT by constructing a universal survival curve (USC) that provides superior approximation of the experimentally measured survival curves in the ablative, high-dose range without losing the strengths of the LQ model around the shoulder. Methods and Materials: The USC was constructed by hybridizing two classic radiobiologic models: the LQ model and the multitarget model. We have assumed that the LQ model gives a good description for conventionally fractionated radiotherapy (CFRT) for the dose to the shoulder. For ablative doses beyond the shoulder, the survival curve is better described as a straight line as predicted by the multitarget model. The USC smoothly interpolates from a parabola predicted by the LQ model to the terminal asymptote of the multitarget model in the high-dose region. From the USC, we derived two equivalence functions, the biologically effective dose and the single fraction equivalent dose for both CFRT and SBRT. Results: The validity of the USC was tested by using previously published parameters of the LQ and multitarget models for non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines. A comparison of the goodness-of-fit of the LQ and USC models was made to a high-dose survival curve of the H460 non-small-cell lung cancer cell line. Conclusion: The USC can be used to compare the dose fractionation schemes of both CFRT and SBRT. The USC provides an empirically and a clinically well-justified rationale for SBRT while preserving the strengths of the LQ model for CFRT.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68926486,"asset_id":51069231,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":193334845,"first_name":"Clint","last_name":"Park","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ClintPark","display_name":"Clint Park","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ClintPark?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/193334845/55995130/44186085/s65_clint.park.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7986,"name":"Radiosurgery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiosurgery?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":23066,"name":"DNA damage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_damage?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":23067,"name":"DNA repair","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_repair?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":28850,"name":"Linear models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linear_models?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":51698,"name":"Lung Cancer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lung_Cancer?f_ri=132620"},{"id":57808,"name":"Cell line","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_line?f_ri=132620"},{"id":93174,"name":"Goodness of Fit","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Goodness_of_Fit?f_ri=132620"},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=132620"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=132620"},{"id":489727,"name":"Prognosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prognosis?f_ri=132620"},{"id":546419,"name":"Age Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Age_Factors?f_ri=132620"},{"id":898070,"name":"Experimental Measurement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Measurement?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1157148,"name":"Cell Survival","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Survival?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1225893,"name":"Effective Dose","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Effective_Dose?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1548118,"name":"Non small Cell Lung Cancer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Non_small_Cell_Lung_Cancer?f_ri=132620"},{"id":3677822,"name":"Chromosome aberrations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chromosome_aberrations?f_ri=132620"},{"id":3840853,"name":"lung neoplasms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/lung_neoplasms?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_59356942" data-work_id="59356942" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/59356942/Universal_Survival_Curve_and_Single_Fraction_Equivalent_Dose_Useful_Tools_in_Understanding_Potency_of_Ablative_Radiotherapy">Universal Survival Curve and Single Fraction Equivalent Dose: Useful Tools in Understanding Potency of Ablative Radiotherapy</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Purpose: Overprediction of the potency and toxicity of high-dose ablative radiotherapy such as stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) by the linear quadratic (LQ) model led to many clinicians' hesitating to adopt this efficacious and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_59356942" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Purpose: Overprediction of the potency and toxicity of high-dose ablative radiotherapy such as stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) by the linear quadratic (LQ) model led to many clinicians' hesitating to adopt this efficacious and well-tolerated therapeutic option. The aim of this study was to offer an alternative method of analyzing the effect of SBRT by constructing a universal survival curve (USC) that provides superior approximation of the experimentally measured survival curves in the ablative, high-dose range without losing the strengths of the LQ model around the shoulder. Methods and Materials: The USC was constructed by hybridizing two classic radiobiologic models: the LQ model and the multitarget model. We have assumed that the LQ model gives a good description for conventionally fractionated radiotherapy (CFRT) for the dose to the shoulder. For ablative doses beyond the shoulder, the survival curve is better described as a straight line as predicted by the multitarget model. The USC smoothly interpolates from a parabola predicted by the LQ model to the terminal asymptote of the multitarget model in the high-dose region. From the USC, we derived two equivalence functions, the biologically effective dose and the single fraction equivalent dose for both CFRT and SBRT. Results: The validity of the USC was tested by using previously published parameters of the LQ and multitarget models for non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines. A comparison of the goodness-of-fit of the LQ and USC models was made to a high-dose survival curve of the H460 non-small-cell lung cancer cell line. Conclusion: The USC can be used to compare the dose fractionation schemes of both CFRT and SBRT. The USC provides an empirically and a clinically well-justified rationale for SBRT while preserving the strengths of the LQ model for CFRT.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/59356942" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a635f989ffd8260d5dd09492cefb511f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":73322173,"asset_id":59356942,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73322173/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34256084" href="https://aecom-yu.academia.edu/Tom%C3%A9W">Wolfgang A Tomé</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34256084" type="text/json">{"id":34256084,"first_name":"Wolfgang","last_name":"Tomé","domain_name":"aecom-yu","page_name":"ToméW","display_name":"Wolfgang A Tomé","profile_url":"https://aecom-yu.academia.edu/Tom%C3%A9W?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34256084/10040666/11200010/s65_tom_.w.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_59356942 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="59356942"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 59356942, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_59356942", }); 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The aim of this study was to offer an alternative method of analyzing the effect of SBRT by constructing a universal survival curve (USC) that provides superior approximation of the experimentally measured survival curves in the ablative, high-dose range without losing the strengths of the LQ model around the shoulder. Methods and Materials: The USC was constructed by hybridizing two classic radiobiologic models: the LQ model and the multitarget model. We have assumed that the LQ model gives a good description for conventionally fractionated radiotherapy (CFRT) for the dose to the shoulder. For ablative doses beyond the shoulder, the survival curve is better described as a straight line as predicted by the multitarget model. The USC smoothly interpolates from a parabola predicted by the LQ model to the terminal asymptote of the multitarget model in the high-dose region. From the USC, we derived two equivalence functions, the biologically effective dose and the single fraction equivalent dose for both CFRT and SBRT. Results: The validity of the USC was tested by using previously published parameters of the LQ and multitarget models for non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines. A comparison of the goodness-of-fit of the LQ and USC models was made to a high-dose survival curve of the H460 non-small-cell lung cancer cell line. Conclusion: The USC can be used to compare the dose fractionation schemes of both CFRT and SBRT. The USC provides an empirically and a clinically well-justified rationale for SBRT while preserving the strengths of the LQ model for CFRT.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73322173,"asset_id":59356942,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34256084,"first_name":"Wolfgang","last_name":"Tomé","domain_name":"aecom-yu","page_name":"ToméW","display_name":"Wolfgang A Tomé","profile_url":"https://aecom-yu.academia.edu/Tom%C3%A9W?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34256084/10040666/11200010/s65_tom_.w.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7986,"name":"Radiosurgery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiosurgery?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":23066,"name":"DNA damage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_damage?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":23067,"name":"DNA repair","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_repair?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":28850,"name":"Linear models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linear_models?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":51698,"name":"Lung Cancer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lung_Cancer?f_ri=132620"},{"id":57808,"name":"Cell line","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_line?f_ri=132620"},{"id":93174,"name":"Goodness of Fit","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Goodness_of_Fit?f_ri=132620"},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=132620"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=132620"},{"id":489727,"name":"Prognosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prognosis?f_ri=132620"},{"id":546419,"name":"Age Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Age_Factors?f_ri=132620"},{"id":898070,"name":"Experimental Measurement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Measurement?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1157148,"name":"Cell Survival","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Survival?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1225893,"name":"Effective Dose","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Effective_Dose?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1548118,"name":"Non small Cell Lung Cancer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Non_small_Cell_Lung_Cancer?f_ri=132620"},{"id":3677822,"name":"Chromosome aberrations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chromosome_aberrations?f_ri=132620"},{"id":3840853,"name":"lung neoplasms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/lung_neoplasms?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_71983416" data-work_id="71983416" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/71983416/Biological_Effects_of_Non_Ionizing_Radiation">Biological Effects of Non-Ionizing Radiation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">: The goals of the research project were to complete a comprehensive and intensified research to categorize and evaluate the mutagenic injury caused by nonionizing radiation (microwaves). The variables in this study were microwave... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_71983416" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">: The goals of the research project were to complete a comprehensive and intensified research to categorize and evaluate the mutagenic injury caused by nonionizing radiation (microwaves). The variables in this study were microwave frequency, power density and time of exposure. Testicular tissue was examined histologically for evidence of damage, and mutagenicity and infertility was determined by the Dominant lethal Assay. Deoxyribonucleic acid isolation and characterization was undertaken.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/71983416" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9382786b5d951ac9669f31689c83209e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81180464,"asset_id":71983416,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81180464/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="54733659" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ERICTRABOULAY">Eric A Traboulay</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="54733659" type="text/json">{"id":54733659,"first_name":"Eric","last_name":"Traboulay","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ERICTRABOULAY","display_name":"Eric A Traboulay","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ERICTRABOULAY?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_71983416 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="71983416"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 71983416, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_71983416", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=71983416]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_71983416").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_71983416").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="71983416"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="523" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="523" type="text/json">{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73142" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetic_Radiation">Electromagnetic Radiation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73142" type="text/json">{"id":73142,"name":"Electromagnetic Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetic_Radiation?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="132620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology">Radiobiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="132620" type="text/json">{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="439473" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microwaves">Microwaves</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="439473" type="text/json">{"id":439473,"name":"Microwaves","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microwaves?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=71983416]'), work: {"id":71983416,"title":"Biological Effects of Non-Ionizing Radiation","created_at":"2022-02-20T10:17:12.046-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/71983416/Biological_Effects_of_Non_Ionizing_Radiation?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_71983416","summary":": The goals of the research project were to complete a comprehensive and intensified research to categorize and evaluate the mutagenic injury caused by nonionizing radiation (microwaves). The variables in this study were microwave frequency, power density and time of exposure. Testicular tissue was examined histologically for evidence of damage, and mutagenicity and infertility was determined by the Dominant lethal Assay. Deoxyribonucleic acid isolation and characterization was undertaken.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81180464,"asset_id":71983416,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":54733659,"first_name":"Eric","last_name":"Traboulay","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ERICTRABOULAY","display_name":"Eric A Traboulay","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ERICTRABOULAY?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":73142,"name":"Electromagnetic Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetic_Radiation?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":439473,"name":"Microwaves","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microwaves?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_20143440" data-work_id="20143440" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20143440/Intraoperative_Radiotherapie_IORT_beim_Mammakarzinom_mit_dem_INTRABEAM_System">Intraoperative Radiotherapie (IORT) beim Mammakarzinom mit dem INTRABEAM-System</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Der Stellenwert der Mammahomogenbestrahlung nach brusterhaltender Operation ist in zahlreichen Studien gut gesichert. Neben der Senkung der 10-Jahres-Lokalrezidivrate von etwa 30-40% auf unter 10% [3, 22] konnte in aktuellen Metaanalysen... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_20143440" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Der Stellenwert der Mammahomogenbestrahlung nach brusterhaltender Operation ist in zahlreichen Studien gut gesichert. Neben der Senkung der 10-Jahres-Lokalrezidivrate von etwa 30-40% auf unter 10% [3, 22] konnte in aktuellen Metaanalysen ein Überlebensvorteil von 4-8% gezeigt werden [1, 23]. Auch bei niedrigem Lokalrezidivrisiko profitieren alle Patientinnen von einer Bestrahlung [4, 5, 11]. Aktuell wird in verschiedenen Studien mit unterschiedlichen Bestrahlungstechniken untersucht, ob eine intra-oder perioperative Bestrahlung des Tumorbettes bei hochselektionierten Patientinnen einer Mammahomogenbestrahlung gleichwertig ist.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/20143440" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="da9af594c1c873fe08295e047b579ab1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41986687,"asset_id":20143440,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41986687/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="41234688" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FWenz">Frederik Wenz</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="41234688" type="text/json">{"id":41234688,"first_name":"Frederik","last_name":"Wenz","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FWenz","display_name":"Frederik Wenz","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FWenz?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_20143440 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="20143440"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 20143440, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_20143440", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_20143440 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 20143440; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_20143440"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_20143440 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="20143440"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 20143440; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=20143440]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_20143440").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_20143440").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="20143440"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="132620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology">Radiobiology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="132620" type="text/json">{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=20143440]'), work: {"id":20143440,"title":"Intraoperative Radiotherapie (IORT) beim Mammakarzinom mit dem INTRABEAM-System","created_at":"2016-01-10T12:13:15.839-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/20143440/Intraoperative_Radiotherapie_IORT_beim_Mammakarzinom_mit_dem_INTRABEAM_System?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_20143440","summary":"Der Stellenwert der Mammahomogenbestrahlung nach brusterhaltender Operation ist in zahlreichen Studien gut gesichert. Neben der Senkung der 10-Jahres-Lokalrezidivrate von etwa 30-40% auf unter 10% [3, 22] konnte in aktuellen Metaanalysen ein Überlebensvorteil von 4-8% gezeigt werden [1, 23]. Auch bei niedrigem Lokalrezidivrisiko profitieren alle Patientinnen von einer Bestrahlung [4, 5, 11]. Aktuell wird in verschiedenen Studien mit unterschiedlichen Bestrahlungstechniken untersucht, ob eine intra-oder perioperative Bestrahlung des Tumorbettes bei hochselektionierten Patientinnen einer Mammahomogenbestrahlung gleichwertig ist.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41986687,"asset_id":20143440,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":41234688,"first_name":"Frederik","last_name":"Wenz","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FWenz","display_name":"Frederik Wenz","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FWenz?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40103030" data-work_id="40103030" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40103030/Buku_Modul_01_Karakteristik_dan_Spesifikasi_Media_Kontras">Buku Modul 01 Karakteristik dan Spesifikasi Media Kontras</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Penjelasan awal dan dasar dari penggunaan media kontras pada pemeriksaan radiologi.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40103030" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="238d103ee359a0ebbbcfeb7fcdda900f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60313667,"asset_id":40103030,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60313667/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="39420175" href="https://windamyt.academia.edu/ArifJauhari">Arif Jauhari</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="39420175" type="text/json">{"id":39420175,"first_name":"Arif","last_name":"Jauhari","domain_name":"windamyt","page_name":"ArifJauhari","display_name":"Arif Jauhari","profile_url":"https://windamyt.academia.edu/ArifJauhari?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/39420175/10879063/16857542/s65_arif.jauhari.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40103030 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40103030"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40103030, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40103030", }); 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Photons, including X-rays and γ-rays, are the most widely used type of ionizing radiation in radiobiology experiments, and in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_25236272" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Ionizing radiation causes many types of DNA damage, including base damage and single-and double-strand breaks. Photons, including X-rays and γ-rays, are the most widely used type of ionizing radiation in radiobiology experiments, and in radiation cancer therapy. Charged particles, including protons and carbon ions, are seeing increased use as an alternative therapeutic modality. Although the facilities needed to produce high energy charged particle beams are more costly than photon facilities, particle therapy has shown improved cancer survival rates, reflecting more highly focused dose distributions and more severe DNA damage to tumor cells. Despite early successes of charged particle radiotherapy, there is room for further improvement, and much remains to be learned about normal and cancer cell responses to charged particle radiation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/25236272" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="50cd31c46718712726d05affef7e9d68" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45543337,"asset_id":25236272,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45543337/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="48574048" href="https://colostate.academia.edu/JacNickoloff">Jac Nickoloff</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="48574048" type="text/json">{"id":48574048,"first_name":"Jac","last_name":"Nickoloff","domain_name":"colostate","page_name":"JacNickoloff","display_name":"Jac Nickoloff","profile_url":"https://colostate.academia.edu/JacNickoloff?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_25236272 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="25236272"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 25236272, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_25236272", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=25236272]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_25236272").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_25236272").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="25236272"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23066" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_damage">DNA damage</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23066" type="text/json">{"id":23066,"name":"DNA damage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_damage?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27784" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_expression">Gene expression</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27784" type="text/json">{"id":27784,"name":"Gene expression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_expression?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56001" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X_Rays">X Rays</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56001" type="text/json">{"id":56001,"name":"X Rays","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X_Rays?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="67401" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mutagenesis">Mutagenesis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="67401" type="text/json">{"id":67401,"name":"Mutagenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mutagenesis?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=25236272]'), work: {"id":25236272,"title":"Heavy charged particle radiobiology: Using enhanced biological effectiveness and improved beam focusing to advance cancer therapy","created_at":"2016-05-11T08:18:07.294-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/25236272/Heavy_charged_particle_radiobiology_Using_enhanced_biological_effectiveness_and_improved_beam_focusing_to_advance_cancer_therapy?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_25236272","summary":"Ionizing radiation causes many types of DNA damage, including base damage and single-and double-strand breaks. Photons, including X-rays and γ-rays, are the most widely used type of ionizing radiation in radiobiology experiments, and in radiation cancer therapy. Charged particles, including protons and carbon ions, are seeing increased use as an alternative therapeutic modality. Although the facilities needed to produce high energy charged particle beams are more costly than photon facilities, particle therapy has shown improved cancer survival rates, reflecting more highly focused dose distributions and more severe DNA damage to tumor cells. Despite early successes of charged particle radiotherapy, there is room for further improvement, and much remains to be learned about normal and cancer cell responses to charged particle radiation.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45543337,"asset_id":25236272,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":48574048,"first_name":"Jac","last_name":"Nickoloff","domain_name":"colostate","page_name":"JacNickoloff","display_name":"Jac Nickoloff","profile_url":"https://colostate.academia.edu/JacNickoloff?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":23066,"name":"DNA damage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_damage?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":27784,"name":"Gene expression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_expression?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":56001,"name":"X Rays","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X_Rays?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":67401,"name":"Mutagenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mutagenesis?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":74780,"name":"Mutation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mutation?f_ri=132620"},{"id":78754,"name":"Cancer Therapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cancer_Therapy?f_ri=132620"},{"id":80555,"name":"Heavy Ions Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heavy_Ions_Physics?f_ri=132620"},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620"},{"id":424295,"name":"Survival Rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Survival_Rate?f_ri=132620"},{"id":469018,"name":"Neoplasms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neoplasms?f_ri=132620"},{"id":764258,"name":"Ionizing Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ionizing_Radiation?f_ri=132620"},{"id":832191,"name":"Relative Biological Effectiveness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Relative_Biological_Effectiveness?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1208793,"name":"Protons","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protons?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1499498,"name":"High energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_energy?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_50090404" data-work_id="50090404" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/50090404/UDZBENIK_IZ_RADIOBIOLOGIJE_SA_RADIJACIONOM_HIGIJENOM_BRANISLAVA_MITROVIC">UDZBENIK IZ RADIOBIOLOGIJE SA RADIJACIONOM HIGIJENOM BRANISLAVA MITROVIC</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">ISBN-978-86-920303-1-4 Udžbenik Radiobiologija sa radijacionom higijenom je namenjen studentima osnovnih i poslediplomskih studija iz oblasti veterinarske medicine, ali ga kao dodatnu literaturu mogu koristiti i studenti drugih srodnih... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_50090404" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">ISBN-978-86-920303-1-4<br />Udžbenik Radiobiologija sa radijacionom higijenom je namenjen studentima osnovnih i poslediplomskih studija iz oblasti veterinarske medicine, ali ga kao dodatnu literaturu mogu koristiti i studenti drugih srodnih nauka. Knjiga je nastala kao rezultat višedecenijskog rada autora sa studentima, kao i rada u oblasti zaštite od jonizujućih zračenja u akreditovanoj Laboratoriji za radijacionu higijenu, Fakulteta veterinarske medicine u Beogradu. <br /> Cilj ovog udžbenika je da se studenti upoznaju sa načinima i putevima dospevanja radioaktivnih elemenata u životnu sredinu, njihovom migracijom kroz karike lanca hrane, osnovama biološkog dejstva jonizujućeg zračenja i radiopatologije, kao i merama koje se  sprovode u cilju zaštite životinja i profesionalno izloženih lica od jonizujućih zračenja i radioaktivne kontaminacije.<br />U periodu intezivnih nuklearnih proba, od 1945. pa sve do 1980. godine, veliki broj istraživanja je bio usmeren na proučavanje dejstva jonizujućeg zračenja na žive organizme. Značaj zaštite životinja i poljoprivredne proizvodnje u vanrednim radiološkim situacijama prepoznat je posle nuklearnog akcidenta koji se dogodio u Černobilju, tadašnjem Sovjetskom Savezu, 1986. godine. Uloga veterinara u zaštiti stanovništva od radioaktivne kontaminacije proizvodima životinjskog porekla je ključna karika u očuvanju javnog zdravlja. Takođe, ne manje značajna uloga veterinara je i obezbeđivanje dobrobiti životinja koje su u vanrednim situacijama obično prepuštene same sebi, o čemu svedoče podaci iz Fukušime, Japan, posle havarije na nuklearnoj elektrani 2011. godine.<br /> Pojedine savremene metode u veterinarskoj medicini koriste izvore jonizujućeg zračenja u dijagnostici i terapiji bolesti životinja. Jonizujuće zračenje ponekad može izazvati štetne efekte u živom organizmu. Nastali štetni efekti mogu biti nuspojava ili komplikacija radijacione terapije, dok u vanrednim radiološkim situacijama nastaju kao posledica akcidentalnog ozračivanja životinja. U ovakvim situacijama doktori veterinarske medicine treba da prepoznaju nastale promene i da životinjama obezbede adekvatnu negu i lečenje. Pored toga, doktori veterinarske medicine koji u svom svakodnevnom poslu koriste izvore jonizujućih zračenja pripadaju grupi profesionalno izloženih lica i zato treba da budu upoznati sa zakonskim propisima iz oblasti zaštite od jonizujućih zračenja.  <br />Nadam se da će udžbenik iz Radiobiologije sa radijacionom higijenom pomoći studentima da sagledaju ovu složenu problematiku, što će obezbediti primenu svih mera zaštite od jonizujućih zračenja, kako u redovnoj, tako i u vanrednoj radiološkoj situaciji. <br />U knjizi je umesto pojma jonizujuće zračenje korišćen termin zračenje, koji obuhvata jonizujuća elektromagnetna (X i gama zračenje) i čestična zračenja.<br /><br />Autor</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/50090404" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1e25e3be8e9bc73d17e0650e6785dc41" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68206017,"asset_id":50090404,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68206017/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13243192" href="https://bg.academia.edu/BranislavaMitrovic">Branislava M Mitrovic</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13243192" type="text/json">{"id":13243192,"first_name":"Branislava","last_name":"Mitrovic","domain_name":"bg","page_name":"BranislavaMitrovic","display_name":"Branislava M Mitrovic","profile_url":"https://bg.academia.edu/BranislavaMitrovic?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13243192/3845388/18475905/s65_branislava.mitrovic.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_50090404 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="50090404"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 50090404, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_50090404", }); 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Knjiga je nastala kao rezultat višedecenijskog rada autora sa studentima, kao i rada u oblasti zaštite od jonizujućih zračenja u akreditovanoj Laboratoriji za radijacionu higijenu, Fakulteta veterinarske medicine u Beogradu. \n \tCilj ovog udžbenika je da se studenti upoznaju sa načinima i putevima dospevanja radioaktivnih elemenata u životnu sredinu, njihovom migracijom kroz karike lanca hrane, osnovama biološkog dejstva jonizujućeg zračenja i radiopatologije, kao i merama koje se sprovode u cilju zaštite životinja i profesionalno izloženih lica od jonizujućih zračenja i radioaktivne kontaminacije.\nU periodu intezivnih nuklearnih proba, od 1945. pa sve do 1980. godine, veliki broj istraživanja je bio usmeren na proučavanje dejstva jonizujućeg zračenja na žive organizme. Značaj zaštite životinja i poljoprivredne proizvodnje u vanrednim radiološkim situacijama prepoznat je posle nuklearnog akcidenta koji se dogodio u Černobilju, tadašnjem Sovjetskom Savezu, 1986. godine. Uloga veterinara u zaštiti stanovništva od radioaktivne kontaminacije proizvodima životinjskog porekla je ključna karika u očuvanju javnog zdravlja. Takođe, ne manje značajna uloga veterinara je i obezbeđivanje dobrobiti životinja koje su u vanrednim situacijama obično prepuštene same sebi, o čemu svedoče podaci iz Fukušime, Japan, posle havarije na nuklearnoj elektrani 2011. godine.\n\t Pojedine savremene metode u veterinarskoj medicini koriste izvore jonizujućeg zračenja u dijagnostici i terapiji bolesti životinja. Jonizujuće zračenje ponekad može izazvati štetne efekte u živom organizmu. Nastali štetni efekti mogu biti nuspojava ili komplikacija radijacione terapije, dok u vanrednim radiološkim situacijama nastaju kao posledica akcidentalnog ozračivanja životinja. U ovakvim situacijama doktori veterinarske medicine treba da prepoznaju nastale promene i da životinjama obezbede adekvatnu negu i lečenje. Pored toga, doktori veterinarske medicine koji u svom svakodnevnom poslu koriste izvore jonizujućih zračenja pripadaju grupi profesionalno izloženih lica i zato treba da budu upoznati sa zakonskim propisima iz oblasti zaštite od jonizujućih zračenja. \nNadam se da će udžbenik iz Radiobiologije sa radijacionom higijenom pomoći studentima da sagledaju ovu složenu problematiku, što će obezbediti primenu svih mera zaštite od jonizujućih zračenja, kako u redovnoj, tako i u vanrednoj radiološkoj situaciji. \nU knjizi je umesto pojma jonizujuće zračenje korišćen termin zračenje, koji obuhvata jonizujuća elektromagnetna (X i gama zračenje) i čestična zračenja.\n\nAutor\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68206017,"asset_id":50090404,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":13243192,"first_name":"Branislava","last_name":"Mitrovic","domain_name":"bg","page_name":"BranislavaMitrovic","display_name":"Branislava M Mitrovic","profile_url":"https://bg.academia.edu/BranislavaMitrovic?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13243192/3845388/18475905/s65_branislava.mitrovic.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":10032,"name":"Radiation Protection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Protection?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":72650,"name":"Radioecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radioecology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38366965 coauthored" data-work_id="38366965" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38366965/Mechanisms_of_inflammatory_responses_to_radiation_and_normal_tissues_toxicity_clinical_implications">Mechanisms of inflammatory responses to radiation and normal tissues toxicity; clinical implications</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Purpose: Cancer treatment is one of the most challenging diseases in the present era. Among a few modalities for cancer therapy, radiotherapy plays a pivotal role in more than half of all treatments alone or combined with other cancer... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38366965" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Purpose: Cancer treatment is one of the most challenging diseases in the present era. Among a few modalities for cancer therapy, radiotherapy plays a pivotal role in more than half of all treatments alone or combined with other cancer treatment modalities. Management of normal tissue toxicity induced by radiation is one of the most important limiting factors for an appropriate radiation treatment course. The evaluation of mechanisms of normal tissue toxicity has shown that immune responses especially inflammatory responses play a key role in both early and late side effects of exposure to ionizing radiation (IR). DNA damage and cell death, as well as damage to some organelles such as mitochondria initiate several signaling pathways that result in the response of immune cells. Massive cell damage which is a common phenomenon following exposure to a high dose of IR cause secretion of a lot of inflammatory mediators including cytokines and chemokines. These mediators initiate different changes in normal tissues that may continue for a long time after irradiation. In this study, we reviewed the mechanisms of inflammatory responses to IR that are involved in normal tissue toxicity and considered as the most important limiting factors in radiotherapy. Also, we introduced some agents that have been proposed for management of these responses. Conclusion: The early inflammation during the radiation treatment is often a limiting factor in radiotherapy. In addition to the limiting factors, chronic inflammatory responses may increase the risk of second primary cancers through continuous free radical production, attenuation of tumor suppressor genes and activation of oncogenes. Moreover, these effects may influence non-irradiated tissues through a mechanism named bystander effect.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38366965" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f0cc6fb3f6841c2fb9f690de476981a9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58420132,"asset_id":38366965,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58420132/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="652424" href="https://kums.academia.edu/MasoudNajafi">Masoud Najafi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="652424" type="text/json">{"id":652424,"first_name":"Masoud","last_name":"Najafi","domain_name":"kums","page_name":"MasoudNajafi","display_name":"Masoud Najafi","profile_url":"https://kums.academia.edu/MasoudNajafi?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-38366965">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-38366965"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/hamidabdollahi">hamid abdollahi</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-38366965'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-38366965').html(); 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clinical implications","created_at":"2019-02-16T09:44:59.065-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38366965/Mechanisms_of_inflammatory_responses_to_radiation_and_normal_tissues_toxicity_clinical_implications?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_38366965","summary":"Purpose: Cancer treatment is one of the most challenging diseases in the present era. Among a few modalities for cancer therapy, radiotherapy plays a pivotal role in more than half of all treatments alone or combined with other cancer treatment modalities. Management of normal tissue toxicity induced by radiation is one of the most important limiting factors for an appropriate radiation treatment course. The evaluation of mechanisms of normal tissue toxicity has shown that immune responses especially inflammatory responses play a key role in both early and late side effects of exposure to ionizing radiation (IR). DNA damage and cell death, as well as damage to some organelles such as mitochondria initiate several signaling pathways that result in the response of immune cells. Massive cell damage which is a common phenomenon following exposure to a high dose of IR cause secretion of a lot of inflammatory mediators including cytokines and chemokines. These mediators initiate different changes in normal tissues that may continue for a long time after irradiation. In this study, we reviewed the mechanisms of inflammatory responses to IR that are involved in normal tissue toxicity and considered as the most important limiting factors in radiotherapy. Also, we introduced some agents that have been proposed for management of these responses. Conclusion: The early inflammation during the radiation treatment is often a limiting factor in radiotherapy. In addition to the limiting factors, chronic inflammatory responses may increase the risk of second primary cancers through continuous free radical production, attenuation of tumor suppressor genes and activation of oncogenes. Moreover, these effects may influence non-irradiated tissues through a mechanism named bystander effect.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58420132,"asset_id":38366965,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":652424,"first_name":"Masoud","last_name":"Najafi","domain_name":"kums","page_name":"MasoudNajafi","display_name":"Masoud Najafi","profile_url":"https://kums.academia.edu/MasoudNajafi?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":823565,"first_name":"hamid","last_name":"abdollahi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"hamidabdollahi","display_name":"hamid abdollahi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/hamidabdollahi?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2425,"name":"Free Radicals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Free_Radicals?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":9111,"name":"Cytokines","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cytokines?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":9334,"name":"Inflammation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inflammation?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":15719,"name":"Mitochondria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mitochondria?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":18325,"name":"Radiobiology of Ionizing Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology_of_Ionizing_Radiation?f_ri=132620"},{"id":19354,"name":"Radiotherapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiotherapy?f_ri=132620"},{"id":23159,"name":"Proinflammatory Cytokines","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proinflammatory_Cytokines?f_ri=132620"},{"id":43127,"name":"Chemokines and chemokine receptors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemokines_and_chemokine_receptors?f_ri=132620"},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620"},{"id":324588,"name":"Radiation-Induced Bystander Effects","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation-Induced_Bystander_Effects?f_ri=132620"},{"id":382483,"name":"Anti-inflammatory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anti-inflammatory?f_ri=132620"},{"id":639993,"name":"Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Effects_of_Ionizing_Radiation?f_ri=132620"},{"id":658071,"name":"Cancer radiotherapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cancer_radiotherapy?f_ri=132620"},{"id":764258,"name":"Ionizing Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ionizing_Radiation?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1009236,"name":"Redox","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Redox?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1668731,"name":"Clinical radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_radiobiology?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_23726975" data-work_id="23726975" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23726975/RTtxGap_An_android_radiobiological_tool_for_compensation_of_radiotherapy_treatment_interruption">RTtxGap: An android radiobiological tool for compensation of radiotherapy treatment interruption</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Treatment interruption is not uncommon in radiotherapy. Common reasons for treatment interruption include machine breakdown, holidays and patient severe radiation reactions. Here RTtxGap, an Android application to assist calculations of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23726975" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Treatment interruption is not uncommon in radiotherapy. Common reasons for treatment interruption include machine breakdown, holidays and patient severe radiation reactions. Here RTtxGap, an Android application to assist calculations of compensation for treatment gap, is reported. It uses linear quadratic (LQ) model to calculate the biological effective dose (BED) that is used to solve for treatment gap compensations. Solutions are calculated using BED equation, with consideration for tissue proliferation. The accuracy of results has been verified using LQL Equiv software to be accurate within 1%. Five treatment interruption examples were used to illustrate the capability of the software to calculate the treatment compensation schedules. Solving these examples also illustrates the general consensus regarding compensating for unscheduled treatment interruptions, which ultimately involves balancing the BEDs of tumour and organ at risk. In addition to compensation for treatment gap, RTtxGap can also be used to calculate equivalent total dose in 2-Gy fraction (EQD2), to modify treatment schedule and to calculate alternative dose prescriptions having the same isoeffect.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23726975" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5cac1cf904644bdf346a0998cfd7422b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44158772,"asset_id":23726975,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44158772/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15978570" href="https://usm.academia.edu/reduanabdullah">reduan abdullah</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15978570" type="text/json">{"id":15978570,"first_name":"reduan","last_name":"abdullah","domain_name":"usm","page_name":"reduanabdullah","display_name":"reduan abdullah","profile_url":"https://usm.academia.edu/reduanabdullah?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15978570/4330057/5030374/s65_reduan.abdullah.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_23726975 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="23726975"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 23726975, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_23726975", }); 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Common reasons for treatment interruption include machine breakdown, holidays and patient severe radiation reactions. Here RTtxGap, an Android application to assist calculations of compensation for treatment gap, is reported. It uses linear quadratic (LQ) model to calculate the biological effective dose (BED) that is used to solve for treatment gap compensations. Solutions are calculated using BED equation, with consideration for tissue proliferation. The accuracy of results has been verified using LQL Equiv software to be accurate within 1%. Five treatment interruption examples were used to illustrate the capability of the software to calculate the treatment compensation schedules. Solving these examples also illustrates the general consensus regarding compensating for unscheduled treatment interruptions, which ultimately involves balancing the BEDs of tumour and organ at risk. In addition to compensation for treatment gap, RTtxGap can also be used to calculate equivalent total dose in 2-Gy fraction (EQD2), to modify treatment schedule and to calculate alternative dose prescriptions having the same isoeffect.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44158772,"asset_id":23726975,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15978570,"first_name":"reduan","last_name":"abdullah","domain_name":"usm","page_name":"reduanabdullah","display_name":"reduan abdullah","profile_url":"https://usm.academia.edu/reduanabdullah?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15978570/4330057/5030374/s65_reduan.abdullah.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":19354,"name":"Radiotherapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiotherapy?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_54448065" data-work_id="54448065" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/54448065/Radiological_Physics_Division_Annual_Report_July_1963_Through_June_1964_ANL_6938">Radiological Physics Division Annual Report, July 1963 Through June 1964. ANL-6938</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/54448065" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a6622b5596e41185354345f9ff7ea925" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":70805620,"asset_id":54448065,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/70805620/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="123388916" href="https://nsukonline.academia.edu/harrymoses">harry moses</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="123388916" type="text/json">{"id":123388916,"first_name":"harry","last_name":"moses","domain_name":"nsukonline","page_name":"harrymoses","display_name":"harry moses","profile_url":"https://nsukonline.academia.edu/harrymoses?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_54448065 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="54448065"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 54448065, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_54448065", }); 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An open source application was developed with the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13880285" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Fluence, depth absorbed dose and linear energy transfer (LET) distributions of proton and carbon ion beams have been investigated using the Monte Carlo code Geant4 (GEometry ANd Tracking). An open source application was developed with the aim to simulate two typical transport beam lines, one used for ocular therapy and cell irradiations with protons and the other for cell irradiations with carbon ions. This tool allows evaluation of the primary and total dose averaged LET and predict their spatial distribution in voxelized or sliced geometries. In order to reproduce the LET distributions in a realistic way, and also the secondary particles' contributions due to nuclear interactions were considered in the computations. Pristine and spread-out Bragg peaks were taken into account both for proton and carbon ion beams, with the maximum energy of 62 MeV/n. Depth dose distributions were compared with experimental data, showing good agreement. Primary and total LET distributions were analysed in order to study the influence of contributions of secondary particles in regions at different depths. A non-negligible influence of high-LET components was found in the entrance channel for proton beams, determining the total dose averaged LET by the factor 3 higher than the primary one. A completely different situation was obtained for carbon ions. In this case, secondary particles mainly contributed in the tail that is after the peak. The results showed how the weight of light and heavy secondary ions can considerably influence the computation of LET depth distributions. This has an important role in F Romano et al the interpretation of results coming from radiobiological experiments and, therefore, in hadron treatment planning procedures.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13880285" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4e0e676bfa122ed629bc3a596247ebe4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44843954,"asset_id":13880285,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44843954/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32959096" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SMazzaglia">S. 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An open source application was developed with the aim to simulate two typical transport beam lines, one used for ocular therapy and cell irradiations with protons and the other for cell irradiations with carbon ions. This tool allows evaluation of the primary and total dose averaged LET and predict their spatial distribution in voxelized or sliced geometries. In order to reproduce the LET distributions in a realistic way, and also the secondary particles' contributions due to nuclear interactions were considered in the computations. Pristine and spread-out Bragg peaks were taken into account both for proton and carbon ion beams, with the maximum energy of 62 MeV/n. Depth dose distributions were compared with experimental data, showing good agreement. Primary and total LET distributions were analysed in order to study the influence of contributions of secondary particles in regions at different depths. A non-negligible influence of high-LET components was found in the entrance channel for proton beams, determining the total dose averaged LET by the factor 3 higher than the primary one. A completely different situation was obtained for carbon ions. In this case, secondary particles mainly contributed in the tail that is after the peak. The results showed how the weight of light and heavy secondary ions can considerably influence the computation of LET depth distributions. This has an important role in F Romano et al the interpretation of results coming from radiobiological experiments and, therefore, in hadron treatment planning procedures.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44843954,"asset_id":13880285,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32959096,"first_name":"S.","last_name":"Mazzaglia","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SMazzaglia","display_name":"S. 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type="text/json">{"id":44507,"name":"Nuclear","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="112576" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Death">Cell Death</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="112576" type="text/json">{"id":112576,"name":"Cell Death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Death?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="132620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology">Radiobiology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="132620" type="text/json">{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=29857753]'), work: {"id":29857753,"title":"MIRD Pamphlet No. 22 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medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_medicine?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":44507,"name":"Nuclear","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":112576,"name":"Cell Death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Death?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=132620"},{"id":469018,"name":"Neoplasms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neoplasms?f_ri=132620"},{"id":678896,"name":"Alpha Particles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alpha_Particles?f_ri=132620"},{"id":832191,"name":"Relative Biological Effectiveness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Relative_Biological_Effectiveness?f_ri=132620"},{"id":926113,"name":"Pamphlets","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pamphlets?f_ri=132620"},{"id":967378,"name":"Radioisotopes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radioisotopes?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1157148,"name":"Cell Survival","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Survival?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1271382,"name":"Radionuclide Therapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radionuclide_Therapy?f_ri=132620"},{"id":2463778,"name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Trials_as_Topic?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8048911" data-work_id="8048911" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8048911/Paper_EARLY_RESPONSE_BIOMARKERS_FOR_ASSESSMENT_OF_RADIATION_EXPOSURE_IN_A_MOUSE_TOTAL_BODY_IRRADIATION_MODEL">Paper EARLY-RESPONSE BIOMARKERS FOR ASSESSMENT OF RADIATION EXPOSURE IN A MOUSE TOTAL-BODY IRRADIATION MODEL</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Nuclear accidents or terrorist attacks could expose large numbers of people to ionizing radiation. Early biomarkers of radiation injury will be critical for triage, treatment, and follow-up of such individuals. The authors evaluated the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_8048911" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Nuclear accidents or terrorist attacks could expose large numbers of people to ionizing radiation. Early biomarkers of radiation injury will be critical for triage, treatment, and follow-up of such individuals. The authors evaluated the utility of multiple blood biomarkers for early-response assessment of radiation exposure using a murine (CD2F1, males) total-body irradiation (TBI) model exposed to 60 Co γ rays (0.6 Gy min −1 ) over a broad dose range (0-14 Gy) and timepoints (4 h-5 d).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8048911" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="780bbd3e6de99ea12268216686a77ba2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34507118,"asset_id":8048911,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34507118/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15500738" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HaCam">Cam Ha</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15500738" type="text/json">{"id":15500738,"first_name":"Cam","last_name":"Ha","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HaCam","display_name":"Cam Ha","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HaCam?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15500738/4184822/4872904/s65_cam.ha.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8048911 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8048911"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8048911, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8048911", }); 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Early biomarkers of radiation injury will be critical for triage, treatment, and follow-up of such individuals. The authors evaluated the utility of multiple blood biomarkers for early-response assessment of radiation exposure using a murine (CD2F1, males) total-body irradiation (TBI) model exposed to 60 Co γ rays (0.6 Gy min −1 ) over a broad dose range (0-14 Gy) and timepoints (4 h-5 d).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34507118,"asset_id":8048911,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15500738,"first_name":"Cam","last_name":"Ha","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HaCam","display_name":"Cam Ha","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HaCam?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15500738/4184822/4872904/s65_cam.ha.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":140708,"name":"Bioassay","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioassay?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":571935,"name":"Biological Indicators","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Indicators?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_25110878 coauthored" data-work_id="25110878" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25110878/Boron_neutron_capture_therapy_cellular_targeting_of_high_linear_energy_transfer_radiation">Boron neutron capture therapy: cellular targeting of high linear energy transfer radiation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is based on the preferential targeting of tumor cells with (10)B and subsequent activation with thermal neutrons to produce a highly localized radiation. In theory, it is possible to selectively... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_25110878" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is based on the preferential targeting of tumor cells with (10)B and subsequent activation with thermal neutrons to produce a highly localized radiation. In theory, it is possible to selectively irradiate a tumor and the associated infiltrating tumor cells with large single doses of high-LET radiation while sparing the adjacent normal tissues. The mixture of high- and low-LET dose components created in tissue during neutron irradiation complicates the radiobiology of BNCT. Much of the complexity has been unravelled through a combination of preclinical experimentation and clinical dose escalation experience. Over 350 patients have been treated in a number of different facilities worldwide. The accumulated clinical experience has demonstrated that BNCT can be delivered safely but is still defining the limits of normal brain tolerance. Several independent BNCT clinical protocols have demonstrated that BNCT can produce median survivals in patients wi...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/25110878" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="48ea7a4fadcb019c1d4b7da5933efc96" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45429121,"asset_id":25110878,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45429121/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="48377336" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TurcotteJulie">Julie Turcotte</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="48377336" type="text/json">{"id":48377336,"first_name":"Julie","last_name":"Turcotte","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TurcotteJulie","display_name":"Julie Turcotte","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TurcotteJulie?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-25110878">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-25110878"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/OttoHarling">Otto Harling</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-25110878'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-25110878').html(); 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In theory, it is possible to selectively irradiate a tumor and the associated infiltrating tumor cells with large single doses of high-LET radiation while sparing the adjacent normal tissues. The mixture of high- and low-LET dose components created in tissue during neutron irradiation complicates the radiobiology of BNCT. Much of the complexity has been unravelled through a combination of preclinical experimentation and clinical dose escalation experience. Over 350 patients have been treated in a number of different facilities worldwide. The accumulated clinical experience has demonstrated that BNCT can be delivered safely but is still defining the limits of normal brain tolerance. Several independent BNCT clinical protocols have demonstrated that BNCT can produce median survivals in patients wi...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45429121,"asset_id":25110878,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":48377336,"first_name":"Julie","last_name":"Turcotte","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TurcotteJulie","display_name":"Julie Turcotte","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TurcotteJulie?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":48423003,"first_name":"Otto","last_name":"Harling","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"OttoHarling","display_name":"Otto Harling","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/OttoHarling?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":232974,"name":"Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Boron_Neutron_Capture_Therapy_BNCT_?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":235205,"name":"Neutrons","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neutrons?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":1248136,"name":"Boron Compounds","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Boron_Compounds?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":1425045,"name":"Brain Neoplasms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brain_Neoplasms?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5453644" data-work_id="5453644" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5453644/Alterations_of_PSA_CA15_3_CA125_Cyfra21_1_CEA_CA19_9_AFP_and_Tag72_tumor_markers_in_human_blood_serum_due_to_long_term_exposure_to_high_levels_of_natural_background_radiation_in_Ramsar_Iran">Alterations of PSA, CA15.3, CA125, Cyfra21-1, CEA, CA19.9, AFP and Tag72 tumor markers in human blood serum due to long term exposure to high levels of natural background radiation in Ramsar, Iran</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">S Taeb, SMJ Mortazavi, A Ghaderi, H Mozdarani, MR Kardan, SAR Mortazavi, A Soleimani, I Nikokar, M Haghani, A Soofi Iranian journal of radiation research (IJRR) ABSTRACT Background: Ramsar (Mazandran province) is known for its... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5453644" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">S Taeb, SMJ Mortazavi, A Ghaderi, H Mozdarani, MR Kardan, SAR Mortazavi, A Soleimani, I Nikokar, M Haghani, A Soofi <br /> <br />Iranian journal of radiation research (IJRR) <br /> <br />ABSTRACT <br />Background: Ramsar (Mazandran province) is known for its extremely high levels of natural background radiation. Although no excess cancer rate is reported in these areas by epidemiological studies, the study of tumor markers in the inhabitants of these areas may shed some light on the impact of high levels of background radiation on cancer induction. <br /> <br />Materials and Methods: The level of background gamma radiation as well as indoor radon was determined using RDS-110 and CR dosimeters. Thirty five individuals from a high background radiation area (HBRA) and 35 individuals from a normal background radiation area (NBRA) were randomly selected to participate in the study. Commercial ELISA kits (sandwich type ELISA tests) were used to measure the serum levels of PSA, CA15.3, CA125, Cyfra21-1, CEA, CA19.9, AFP and Tag72 tumor markers. <br /> <br />Results: Among the eight biomarkers investigated, the means of PSA, CA15.3, CA125, CA19.9 and AFP concentrations between the HBRAs and NBRAs were not significantly different. However, Cyfra21, CEA and Tag72 in HBRA group revealed statistically significant increases compared to those of NBRA group (P<0.05). Furthermore, a statistically significant correlation between the external gamma dose as well as indoor radon level and the concentration of CEA (P<0.001), Cyfra-21(P<0.001) and TAG 72 (P<0.001 and 0.01 respectively) biomarkers were observed. <br /> <br />Conclusion: Chronic exposure to high background radiation induces significant alterations in Cyfra21, CEA and Tag72 levels. We believe that studies with other relevant tumor markers might overcome the limitations of epidemiological studies on cancer incidence in high background radiation areas. <br /> <br />Corresponding author: <br />SMJ Mortazavi (<a href="mailto:mmortazavi@sums.ac.ir" rel="nofollow">mmortazavi@sums.ac.ir</a>)</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5453644" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9171ea59cceaa828ff677687d126196d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33836758,"asset_id":5453644,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33836758/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="386420" href="https://fccc.academia.edu/SMJMortazaviPhD">SMJ Mortazavi, Ph.D</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="386420" type="text/json">{"id":386420,"first_name":"SMJ","last_name":"Mortazavi, Ph.D","domain_name":"fccc","page_name":"SMJMortazaviPhD","display_name":"SMJ Mortazavi, Ph.D","profile_url":"https://fccc.academia.edu/SMJMortazaviPhD?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/386420/97987/18293526/s65_smj.mortazavi_ph.d.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5453644 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5453644"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5453644, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5453644", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5453644]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5453644").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5453644").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5453644"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6021" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cancer">Cancer</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6021" type="text/json">{"id":6021,"name":"Cancer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cancer?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7987" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Biology">Radiation Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7987" type="text/json">{"id":7987,"name":"Radiation Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Biology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10031" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Dosimetry">Radiation Dosimetry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10031" type="text/json">{"id":10031,"name":"Radiation Dosimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Dosimetry?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10032" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Protection">Radiation Protection</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="10032" type="text/json">{"id":10032,"name":"Radiation Protection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Protection?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5453644]'), work: {"id":5453644,"title":"Alterations of PSA, CA15.3, CA125, Cyfra21-1, CEA, CA19.9, AFP and Tag72 tumor markers in human blood serum due to long term exposure to high levels of natural background radiation in Ramsar, Iran","created_at":"2013-12-16T22:14:59.290-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5453644/Alterations_of_PSA_CA15_3_CA125_Cyfra21_1_CEA_CA19_9_AFP_and_Tag72_tumor_markers_in_human_blood_serum_due_to_long_term_exposure_to_high_levels_of_natural_background_radiation_in_Ramsar_Iran?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_5453644","summary":"S Taeb, SMJ Mortazavi, A Ghaderi, H Mozdarani, MR Kardan, SAR Mortazavi, A Soleimani, I Nikokar, M Haghani, A Soofi\r\n\r\nIranian journal of radiation research (IJRR) \r\n\r\nABSTRACT \r\nBackground: Ramsar (Mazandran province) is known for its extremely high levels of natural background radiation. Although no excess cancer rate is reported in these areas by epidemiological studies, the study of tumor markers in the inhabitants of these areas may shed some light on the impact of high levels of background radiation on cancer induction.\r\n\r\nMaterials and Methods: The level of background gamma radiation as well as indoor radon was determined using RDS-110 and CR dosimeters. Thirty five individuals from a high background radiation area (HBRA) and 35 individuals from a normal background radiation area (NBRA) were randomly selected to participate in the study. Commercial ELISA kits (sandwich type ELISA tests) were used to measure the serum levels of PSA, CA15.3, CA125, Cyfra21-1, CEA, CA19.9, AFP and Tag72 tumor markers.\r\n\r\nResults: Among the eight biomarkers investigated, the means of PSA, CA15.3, CA125, CA19.9 and AFP concentrations between the HBRAs and NBRAs were not significantly different. However, Cyfra21, CEA and Tag72 in HBRA group revealed statistically significant increases compared to those of NBRA group (P\u003c0.05). Furthermore, a statistically significant correlation between the external gamma dose as well as indoor radon level and the concentration of CEA (P\u003c0.001), Cyfra-21(P\u003c0.001) and TAG 72 (P\u003c0.001 and 0.01 respectively) biomarkers were observed.\r\n\r\nConclusion: Chronic exposure to high background radiation induces significant alterations in Cyfra21, CEA and Tag72 levels. We believe that studies with other relevant tumor markers might overcome the limitations of epidemiological studies on cancer incidence in high background radiation areas.\r\n\r\nCorresponding author:\r\nSMJ Mortazavi (mmortazavi@sums.ac.ir)","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33836758,"asset_id":5453644,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":386420,"first_name":"SMJ","last_name":"Mortazavi, Ph.D","domain_name":"fccc","page_name":"SMJMortazaviPhD","display_name":"SMJ Mortazavi, Ph.D","profile_url":"https://fccc.academia.edu/SMJMortazaviPhD?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/386420/97987/18293526/s65_smj.mortazavi_ph.d.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6021,"name":"Cancer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cancer?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":7987,"name":"Radiation Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Biology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":10031,"name":"Radiation Dosimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Dosimetry?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":10032,"name":"Radiation Protection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Protection?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":18325,"name":"Radiobiology of Ionizing Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology_of_Ionizing_Radiation?f_ri=132620"},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620"},{"id":143207,"name":"Natural Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Natural_Radiation?f_ri=132620"},{"id":340262,"name":"Carcinogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carcinogenesis?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_24634449" data-work_id="24634449" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/24634449/Professor_Clemens_von_Sonntag_1936_2013_">Professor Clemens von Sonntag (1936 – 2013)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/24634449" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fb7f6e9c440aedd924c0b8eb7642cc89" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44961801,"asset_id":24634449,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44961801/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="41300348" href="https://oakland.academia.edu/AmitavaAdhikary">Amitava Adhikary</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="41300348" type="text/json">{"id":41300348,"first_name":"Amitava","last_name":"Adhikary","domain_name":"oakland","page_name":"AmitavaAdhikary","display_name":"Amitava Adhikary","profile_url":"https://oakland.academia.edu/AmitavaAdhikary?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/41300348/12523663/13935180/s65_amitava.adhikary.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_24634449 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="24634449"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 24634449, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_24634449", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=24634449]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_24634449").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_24634449").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="24634449"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7987" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Biology">Radiation Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7987" type="text/json">{"id":7987,"name":"Radiation Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Biology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="50576" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Germany">Germany</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="50576" type="text/json">{"id":50576,"name":"Germany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Germany?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=24634449]'), work: {"id":24634449,"title":"Professor Clemens von Sonntag (1936 – 2013)","created_at":"2016-04-21T11:01:01.337-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/24634449/Professor_Clemens_von_Sonntag_1936_2013_?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_24634449","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44961801,"asset_id":24634449,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":41300348,"first_name":"Amitava","last_name":"Adhikary","domain_name":"oakland","page_name":"AmitavaAdhikary","display_name":"Amitava Adhikary","profile_url":"https://oakland.academia.edu/AmitavaAdhikary?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/41300348/12523663/13935180/s65_amitava.adhikary.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":7987,"name":"Radiation Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Biology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":50576,"name":"Germany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Germany?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620"},{"id":395068,"name":"Health physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_physics?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_66625314" data-work_id="66625314" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/66625314/Low_fluence">Low fluence</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The question of the appropriate extrapolation to low dose has long been a subject of controversy. A linear nothreshold model is favored by regulatory bodies as the basis of RBE assignments and estimates of radiation hazards to the general... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_66625314" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The question of the appropriate extrapolation to low dose has long been a subject of controversy. A linear nothreshold model is favored by regulatory bodies as the basis of RBE assignments and estimates of radiation hazards to the general population. This model is largely supported by extensive application of the linearquadratic survival formula "fitted" statistically to a wide variety of experimental data obtained at doses typically exceeding 1 Gy, and then extrapolated to mGy for practical applications, and even to the prediction of hazards from single electrons. Such extrapolations are questionable at best, and may even prove hazardous for risk evaluations. Fluence and geometry rather than dose based data are proposed as a basis for a limiting "threshold" for a "low dose" extrapolation. The proposed threshold is one where the fluence of particles is one per square micron, where on average only 213 of the 1 pm2 pixels covering an irradiated area are traversed by one or more particles. The corresponding dose threshold is determined by the LET of the bombarding radiation. For relativistic electrons this dose is about 0.032 Gy.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/66625314" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b3289843bfae667656b5836bf9baa882" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":77743203,"asset_id":66625314,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/77743203/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9668298" href="https://unlv.academia.edu/franciscucinotta">francis cucinotta</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9668298" type="text/json">{"id":9668298,"first_name":"francis","last_name":"cucinotta","domain_name":"unlv","page_name":"franciscucinotta","display_name":"francis cucinotta","profile_url":"https://unlv.academia.edu/franciscucinotta?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_66625314 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="66625314"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 66625314, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_66625314", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_66625314 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66625314; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_66625314"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_66625314 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="66625314"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66625314; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=66625314]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_66625314").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_66625314").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="66625314"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="88" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aerospace_Engineering">Aerospace Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="88" type="text/json">{"id":88,"name":"Aerospace Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aerospace_Engineering?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29487" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Space">Space</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="29487" type="text/json">{"id":29487,"name":"Space","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Space?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="132620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology">Radiobiology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="132620" type="text/json">{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=66625314]'), work: {"id":66625314,"title":"Low fluence","created_at":"2021-12-30T13:50:09.352-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/66625314/Low_fluence?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_66625314","summary":"The question of the appropriate extrapolation to low dose has long been a subject of controversy. A linear nothreshold model is favored by regulatory bodies as the basis of RBE assignments and estimates of radiation hazards to the general population. This model is largely supported by extensive application of the linearquadratic survival formula \"fitted\" statistically to a wide variety of experimental data obtained at doses typically exceeding 1 Gy, and then extrapolated to mGy for practical applications, and even to the prediction of hazards from single electrons. Such extrapolations are questionable at best, and may even prove hazardous for risk evaluations. Fluence and geometry rather than dose based data are proposed as a basis for a limiting \"threshold\" for a \"low dose\" extrapolation. The proposed threshold is one where the fluence of particles is one per square micron, where on average only 213 of the 1 pm2 pixels covering an irradiated area are traversed by one or more particles. The corresponding dose threshold is determined by the LET of the bombarding radiation. For relativistic electrons this dose is about 0.032 Gy.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":77743203,"asset_id":66625314,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9668298,"first_name":"francis","last_name":"cucinotta","domain_name":"unlv","page_name":"franciscucinotta","display_name":"francis cucinotta","profile_url":"https://unlv.academia.edu/franciscucinotta?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":88,"name":"Aerospace Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aerospace_Engineering?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":29487,"name":"Space","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Space?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":832191,"name":"Relative Biological Effectiveness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Relative_Biological_Effectiveness?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_71517773" data-work_id="71517773" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/71517773/Characteristics_of_response_of_oral_and_pharyngeal_mucosa_in_patients_receiving_chemo_IMRT_for_head_and_neck_cancer_using_hypofractionated_accelerated_">Characteristics of response of oral and pharyngeal mucosa in patients receiving chemo-IMRT for head and neck cancer using hypofractionated accelerated …</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study describes the acute response of oral and pharyngeal mucosa to chemo-IMRT schedules using different doses per fraction. Materials and methods: Patients, treated in prospective trials of concomitant chemo-IMRT with 2.17 Gy, 2.25... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_71517773" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study describes the acute response of oral and pharyngeal mucosa to chemo-IMRT schedules using different doses per fraction. Materials and methods: Patients, treated in prospective trials of concomitant chemo-IMRT with 2.17 Gy, 2.25 Gy and 2.4 Gy per fraction and identical dose of cisplatin, were included in this study. Acute toxicity was recorded prospectively using the CTCAE v2.0. We describe the incidence and prevalence of grade 3 oral mucositis and dysphagia over time and report the influence of overall treatment time (OTT). The association between the lengths of pharyngeal mucosa receiving 50 Gy (L50) and 60 Gy (L60) and grade 3 dysphagia was tested. Results: The incidence and the peak prevalence of grade 3 dysphagia were significantly higher in patients receiving 2.4 Gy per fraction. The peak prevalence of grade 3 dysphagia was higher and the recovery was slower in patients with lower OTT (median 38 days vs. 42 days) treatment. There was a significant correlation between L50, L60 and grade 3 dysphagia. A L50 and L60 greater than 8 cm resulted in greater than 60% and 70% incidence of grade 3 dysphagia, respectively. Conclusion: The length of pharyngeal mucosa receiving doses close to the prescription dose correlates with grade 3 dysphagia. It was observed that incidence of grade 3 dysphagia was lower and recovery from it was quicker in patients with greater OTT.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/71517773" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ac94d7987db0baecdbe2a3084f7abc9c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":80826184,"asset_id":71517773,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80826184/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="188132174" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ChristopherNutting">Christopher Nutting</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="188132174" type="text/json">{"id":188132174,"first_name":"Christopher","last_name":"Nutting","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ChristopherNutting","display_name":"Christopher Nutting","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ChristopherNutting?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_71517773 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="71517773"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 71517773, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_71517773", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=71517773]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_71517773").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_71517773").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="71517773"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19354" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiotherapy">Radiotherapy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19354" type="text/json">{"id":19354,"name":"Radiotherapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiotherapy?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="62112" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prospective_studies">Prospective studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="62112" type="text/json">{"id":62112,"name":"Prospective studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prospective_studies?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="98549" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Head_and_Neck_Cancer">Head and Neck Cancer</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="98549" type="text/json">{"id":98549,"name":"Head and Neck Cancer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Head_and_Neck_Cancer?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="132620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology">Radiobiology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="132620" type="text/json">{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=71517773]'), work: {"id":71517773,"title":"Characteristics of response of oral and pharyngeal mucosa in patients receiving chemo-IMRT for head and neck cancer using hypofractionated accelerated …","created_at":"2022-02-14T09:18:58.593-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/71517773/Characteristics_of_response_of_oral_and_pharyngeal_mucosa_in_patients_receiving_chemo_IMRT_for_head_and_neck_cancer_using_hypofractionated_accelerated_?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_71517773","summary":"This study describes the acute response of oral and pharyngeal mucosa to chemo-IMRT schedules using different doses per fraction. Materials and methods: Patients, treated in prospective trials of concomitant chemo-IMRT with 2.17 Gy, 2.25 Gy and 2.4 Gy per fraction and identical dose of cisplatin, were included in this study. Acute toxicity was recorded prospectively using the CTCAE v2.0. We describe the incidence and prevalence of grade 3 oral mucositis and dysphagia over time and report the influence of overall treatment time (OTT). The association between the lengths of pharyngeal mucosa receiving 50 Gy (L50) and 60 Gy (L60) and grade 3 dysphagia was tested. Results: The incidence and the peak prevalence of grade 3 dysphagia were significantly higher in patients receiving 2.4 Gy per fraction. The peak prevalence of grade 3 dysphagia was higher and the recovery was slower in patients with lower OTT (median 38 days vs. 42 days) treatment. There was a significant correlation between L50, L60 and grade 3 dysphagia. A L50 and L60 greater than 8 cm resulted in greater than 60% and 70% incidence of grade 3 dysphagia, respectively. Conclusion: The length of pharyngeal mucosa receiving doses close to the prescription dose correlates with grade 3 dysphagia. It was observed that incidence of grade 3 dysphagia was lower and recovery from it was quicker in patients with greater OTT.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80826184,"asset_id":71517773,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":188132174,"first_name":"Christopher","last_name":"Nutting","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ChristopherNutting","display_name":"Christopher Nutting","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ChristopherNutting?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":19354,"name":"Radiotherapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiotherapy?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":62112,"name":"Prospective studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prospective_studies?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":98549,"name":"Head and Neck Cancer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Head_and_Neck_Cancer?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":276781,"name":"Cisplatin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cisplatin?f_ri=132620"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=132620"},{"id":289330,"name":"Prevalence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prevalence?f_ri=132620"},{"id":315194,"name":"Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_Squamous_Cell_Carcinoma_OSCC_?f_ri=132620"},{"id":371390,"name":"Stomatitis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stomatitis?f_ri=132620"},{"id":385863,"name":"Mouth mucosa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mouth_mucosa?f_ri=132620"},{"id":2548289,"name":"Pharynx","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharynx?f_ri=132620"},{"id":3500853,"name":"Deglutition disorders","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deglutition_disorders?f_ri=132620"},{"id":3605701,"name":"fluorouracil","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/fluorouracil?f_ri=132620"},{"id":3616628,"name":"Head and neck neoplasms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Head_and_neck_neoplasms?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33489778" data-work_id="33489778" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33489778/Hesperidin_as_Radioprotector_against_Radiation_induced_Lung_Damage_in_Rat_A_Histopathological_Study">Hesperidin as Radioprotector against Radiation induced Lung Damage in Rat A Histopathological Study</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated by ionizing radiation, and one of the organs commonly affected by ROS is the lung. Radiation‑induced lung injury including pneumonia and lung fibrosis is a dose‑limiting factor in radiotherapy... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33489778" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated by ionizing radiation, and one of the organs commonly affected by ROS is the lung. Radiation‑induced lung injury including pneumonia and lung fibrosis is a dose‑limiting factor in radiotherapy (RT) of patients with thorax irradiation. Administration of antioxidants has been proved to protect against ROS. The present study was aimed to assess the protective effect of hesperidin (HES) against radiation‑induced lung injury of male rats. Fifty rats were divided into three groups. G1: Received no HES and radiation (sham). G2: Underwent γ‑irradiation to the thorax. G3: Received HES and underwent γ‑irradiation. The rats were exposed to a single dose of 18 Gy using cobalt‑60 unit and were administered HES (100 mg/kg) for 7 days before irradiation. Histopathological analysis was performed 24 h and 8 weeks after RT. Histopathological results in 24 h showed radiation‑induced inflammation and presence of more inflammatory cells as compared to G1 (P < 0.05). Administration of HES significantly decreased such an effect when compared to G2 (P < 0.05). Histopathological evaluation in 8 weeks showed a significant increase in mast cells, inflammation, inflammatory cells, alveolar thickness, vascular thickness, pulmonary edema, and fibrosis in G2 when compared to G1 (P < 0.05). HES significantly decreased inflammatory response, fibrosis, and mast cells when compared to G2 (P < 0.05). Administration of HES resulted in decreased radiation pneumonitis and radiation fibrosis in the lung</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33489778" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bc1800134dff7060f660a4be9ff7ac08" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53530089,"asset_id":33489778,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53530089/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="652424" href="https://kums.academia.edu/MasoudNajafi">Masoud Najafi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="652424" type="text/json">{"id":652424,"first_name":"Masoud","last_name":"Najafi","domain_name":"kums","page_name":"MasoudNajafi","display_name":"Masoud Najafi","profile_url":"https://kums.academia.edu/MasoudNajafi?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33489778 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33489778"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33489778, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33489778", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_33489778 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33489778; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_33489778"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_33489778 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33489778"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33489778; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33489778]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_33489778").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_33489778").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33489778"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2443" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Oncology">Radiation Oncology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2443" type="text/json">{"id":2443,"name":"Radiation Oncology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Oncology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7987" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Biology">Radiation Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7987" type="text/json">{"id":7987,"name":"Radiation Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Biology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10030" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Therapy">Radiation Therapy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10030" type="text/json">{"id":10030,"name":"Radiation Therapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Therapy?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10032" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Protection">Radiation Protection</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="10032" type="text/json">{"id":10032,"name":"Radiation Protection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Protection?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33489778]'), work: {"id":33489778,"title":"Hesperidin as Radioprotector against Radiation induced Lung Damage in Rat A Histopathological Study","created_at":"2017-06-15T14:27:29.475-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/33489778/Hesperidin_as_Radioprotector_against_Radiation_induced_Lung_Damage_in_Rat_A_Histopathological_Study?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_33489778","summary":"Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated by ionizing radiation, and one of the organs commonly affected by ROS is the lung. Radiation‑induced lung injury including pneumonia and lung fibrosis is a dose‑limiting factor in radiotherapy (RT) of patients with thorax irradiation. Administration of antioxidants has been proved to protect against ROS. The present study was aimed to assess the protective effect of hesperidin (HES) against radiation‑induced lung injury of male rats. Fifty rats were divided into three groups. G1: Received no HES and radiation (sham). G2: Underwent γ‑irradiation to the thorax. G3: Received HES and underwent γ‑irradiation. The rats were exposed to a single dose of 18 Gy using cobalt‑60 unit and were administered HES (100 mg/kg) for 7 days before irradiation. Histopathological analysis was performed 24 h and 8 weeks after RT. Histopathological results in 24 h showed radiation‑induced inflammation and presence of more inflammatory cells as compared to G1 (P \u003c 0.05). Administration of HES significantly decreased such an effect when compared to G2 (P \u003c 0.05). Histopathological evaluation in 8 weeks showed a significant increase in mast cells, inflammation, inflammatory cells, alveolar thickness, vascular thickness, pulmonary edema, and fibrosis in G2 when compared to G1 (P \u003c 0.05). HES significantly decreased inflammatory response, fibrosis, and mast cells when compared to G2 (P \u003c 0.05). Administration of HES resulted in decreased radiation pneumonitis and radiation fibrosis in the lung ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53530089,"asset_id":33489778,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":652424,"first_name":"Masoud","last_name":"Najafi","domain_name":"kums","page_name":"MasoudNajafi","display_name":"Masoud Najafi","profile_url":"https://kums.academia.edu/MasoudNajafi?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2443,"name":"Radiation Oncology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Oncology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":7987,"name":"Radiation Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Biology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":10030,"name":"Radiation Therapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Therapy?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":10032,"name":"Radiation Protection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Protection?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620"},{"id":233824,"name":"Radioprotection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radioprotection?f_ri=132620"},{"id":570623,"name":"Radiosensitization and Radioprotection in cancer therapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiosensitization_and_Radioprotection_in_cancer_therapy?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1339820,"name":"Hesperidin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hesperidin?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6265543" data-work_id="6265543" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6265543/Applications_of_amorphous_track_models_in_radiation_biology">Applications of amorphous track models in radiation biology</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The average or amorphous track model uses the response of a system to gamma-rays and the radial distribution of dose about an ion’s path to describe survival and other cellular endpoints from proton, heavy ion, and neutron irradiation.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6265543" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The average or amorphous track model uses the response of a system to gamma-rays and the radial distribution of dose about an ion’s path to describe survival and other cellular endpoints from proton, heavy ion, and neutron irradiation. This model has been used for over 30 years to successfully fit many radiobiology data sets. We review several extensions of this approach that address objections to the original model, and consider applications of interest in radiobiology and space radiation risk assessment. In the light of present views of important cellular targets, the role of target size as manifested through the relative contributions from ion-kill (intra-track) and gamma-kill (inter-track) remains a critical question in understanding the success of the amorphous track model. Several variations of the amorphous model are discussed, including ones that consider the radial distribution of event-sizes rather than average electron dose, damage clusters rather than multiple targets, and a role for repair or damage processing.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6265543" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c25c36f940f85549a97e0b183f80bb8e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48940988,"asset_id":6265543,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48940988/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9668298" href="https://unlv.academia.edu/franciscucinotta">francis cucinotta</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9668298" type="text/json">{"id":9668298,"first_name":"francis","last_name":"cucinotta","domain_name":"unlv","page_name":"franciscucinotta","display_name":"francis cucinotta","profile_url":"https://unlv.academia.edu/franciscucinotta?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6265543 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6265543"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6265543, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6265543", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6265543]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6265543").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6265543").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6265543"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16664" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_assessment">Risk assessment</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16664" type="text/json">{"id":16664,"name":"Risk assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_assessment?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22998" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gamma_Rays">Gamma Rays</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="22998" type="text/json">{"id":22998,"name":"Gamma Rays","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gamma_Rays?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28850" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linear_models">Linear models</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28850" type="text/json">{"id":28850,"name":"Linear models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linear_models?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6265543]'), work: {"id":6265543,"title":"Applications of amorphous track models in radiation biology","created_at":"2014-03-02T19:46:36.715-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6265543/Applications_of_amorphous_track_models_in_radiation_biology?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_6265543","summary":"The average or amorphous track model uses the response of a system to gamma-rays and the radial distribution of dose about an ion’s path to describe survival and other cellular endpoints from proton, heavy ion, and neutron irradiation. This model has been used for over 30 years to successfully fit many radiobiology data sets. We review several extensions of this approach that address objections to the original model, and consider applications of interest in radiobiology and space radiation risk assessment. In the light of present views of important cellular targets, the role of target size as manifested through the relative contributions from ion-kill (intra-track) and gamma-kill (inter-track) remains a critical question in understanding the success of the amorphous track model. Several variations of the amorphous model are discussed, including ones that consider the radial distribution of event-sizes rather than average electron dose, damage clusters rather than multiple targets, and a role for repair or damage processing.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48940988,"asset_id":6265543,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9668298,"first_name":"francis","last_name":"cucinotta","domain_name":"unlv","page_name":"franciscucinotta","display_name":"francis cucinotta","profile_url":"https://unlv.academia.edu/franciscucinotta?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":16664,"name":"Risk assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_assessment?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":22998,"name":"Gamma Rays","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gamma_Rays?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":28850,"name":"Linear models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linear_models?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":48057,"name":"DNA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA?f_ri=132620"},{"id":74780,"name":"Mutation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mutation?f_ri=132620"},{"id":80555,"name":"Heavy Ions Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heavy_Ions_Physics?f_ri=132620"},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620"},{"id":392502,"name":"Environmental Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Radiation?f_ri=132620"},{"id":622589,"name":"Risk Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Assessment-2?f_ri=132620"},{"id":717129,"name":"Energy Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Transfer?f_ri=132620"},{"id":912885,"name":"Gamma Ray","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gamma_Ray?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1942175,"name":"Biophysik","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biophysik?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13940915 coauthored" data-work_id="13940915" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13940915/Evaluation_of_image_guided_radiation_therapy_IGRT_technologies_and_their_impact_on_the_outcomes_of_hypofractionated_prostate_cancer_treatments_A_radiobiologic_analysis">Evaluation of image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) technologies and their impact on the outcomes of hypofractionated prostate cancer treatments: A radiobiologic analysis</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Purpose: To quantify the mitigation of geometric uncertainties achieved with the application of various patient setup techniques during the delivery of hypofractionated prostate cancer treatments, using tumor control probability (TCP) and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13940915" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Purpose: To quantify the mitigation of geometric uncertainties achieved with the application of various patient setup techniques during the delivery of hypofractionated prostate cancer treatments, using tumor control probability (TCP) and normal tissue complication probability. Methods and Materials: Five prostate cancer patients with ϳ16 treatment CT studies, taken during the course of their radiation therapy (77 total), were analyzed. All patients were planned twice with an 18 MV six-field conformal technique, with 10-and 5-mm margin sizes, with various hypofractionation schedules (5 to 35 fractions). Subsequently, four clinically relevant patient setup techniques (laser guided and image guided) were simulated to deliver such schedules. Results: As hypothesized, the impact of geometric uncertainties on clinical outcomes increased with more hypofractionated schedules. However, the absolute gain in TCP due to hypofractionation (up to 21.8% increase) was significantly higher compared with the losses due to geometric uncertainties (up to 8.6% decrease). Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that, although the impact of geometric uncertainties on the treatment outcomes increases as the number of fractions decrease, the reduction in TCP due to the uncertainties does not significantly offset the expected theoretical gain in TCP by hypofractionation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13940915" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bb670ddafe05da5f462efd8918a28712" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44783265,"asset_id":13940915,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44783265/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32999701" href="https://westernu.academia.edu/GlennBauman">Glenn Bauman</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32999701" type="text/json">{"id":32999701,"first_name":"Glenn","last_name":"Bauman","domain_name":"westernu","page_name":"GlennBauman","display_name":"Glenn Bauman","profile_url":"https://westernu.academia.edu/GlennBauman?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-13940915">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-13940915"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/BryanSchaly">Bryan Schaly</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-13940915'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-13940915').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13940915 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13940915"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13940915, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13940915", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_13940915 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 13940915; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_13940915"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_13940915 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="13940915"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 13940915; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=13940915]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_13940915").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_13940915").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="13940915"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12980" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prostate_Cancer">Prostate Cancer</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12980" type="text/json">{"id":12980,"name":"Prostate Cancer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prostate_Cancer?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="33069" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Probability">Probability</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="33069" type="text/json">{"id":33069,"name":"Probability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Probability?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="80221" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lasers">Lasers</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="80221" type="text/json">{"id":80221,"name":"Lasers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lasers?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118537" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Normal_tissue_complication_probability">Normal tissue complication probability</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="118537" type="text/json">{"id":118537,"name":"Normal tissue complication probability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Normal_tissue_complication_probability?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13940915]'), work: {"id":13940915,"title":"Evaluation of image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) technologies and their impact on the outcomes of hypofractionated prostate cancer treatments: A radiobiologic analysis","created_at":"2015-07-12T04:07:15.020-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13940915/Evaluation_of_image_guided_radiation_therapy_IGRT_technologies_and_their_impact_on_the_outcomes_of_hypofractionated_prostate_cancer_treatments_A_radiobiologic_analysis?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_13940915","summary":"Purpose: To quantify the mitigation of geometric uncertainties achieved with the application of various patient setup techniques during the delivery of hypofractionated prostate cancer treatments, using tumor control probability (TCP) and normal tissue complication probability. Methods and Materials: Five prostate cancer patients with ϳ16 treatment CT studies, taken during the course of their radiation therapy (77 total), were analyzed. All patients were planned twice with an 18 MV six-field conformal technique, with 10-and 5-mm margin sizes, with various hypofractionation schedules (5 to 35 fractions). Subsequently, four clinically relevant patient setup techniques (laser guided and image guided) were simulated to deliver such schedules. Results: As hypothesized, the impact of geometric uncertainties on clinical outcomes increased with more hypofractionated schedules. However, the absolute gain in TCP due to hypofractionation (up to 21.8% increase) was significantly higher compared with the losses due to geometric uncertainties (up to 8.6% decrease). Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that, although the impact of geometric uncertainties on the treatment outcomes increases as the number of fractions decrease, the reduction in TCP due to the uncertainties does not significantly offset the expected theoretical gain in TCP by hypofractionation.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44783265,"asset_id":13940915,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32999701,"first_name":"Glenn","last_name":"Bauman","domain_name":"westernu","page_name":"GlennBauman","display_name":"Glenn Bauman","profile_url":"https://westernu.academia.edu/GlennBauman?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":33372760,"first_name":"Bryan","last_name":"Schaly","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BryanSchaly","display_name":"Bryan Schaly","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BryanSchaly?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":12980,"name":"Prostate Cancer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prostate_Cancer?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":33069,"name":"Probability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Probability?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":80221,"name":"Lasers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lasers?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":118537,"name":"Normal tissue complication probability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Normal_tissue_complication_probability?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=132620"},{"id":500547,"name":"Tcp","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tcp?f_ri=132620"},{"id":959921,"name":"X ray Computed Tomography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X_ray_Computed_Tomography?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14616328" data-work_id="14616328" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14616328/Linking_the_History_of_Radiation_Biology_to_the_Hallmarks_of_Cancer">Linking the History of Radiation Biology to the Hallmarks of Cancer</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14616328" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="06ccbfb01ecb1d886635f914c69366cc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44031499,"asset_id":14616328,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44031499/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33565627" href="https://ncsu.academia.edu/MarykearaBoss">Mary-keara Boss</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33565627" type="text/json">{"id":33565627,"first_name":"Mary-keara","last_name":"Boss","domain_name":"ncsu","page_name":"MarykearaBoss","display_name":"Mary-keara Boss","profile_url":"https://ncsu.academia.edu/MarykearaBoss?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_14616328 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="14616328"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14616328, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_14616328", }); 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implications to normal tissue protection and tumor sensitization</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Nowadays, ionizing radiation is used for several applications in medicine, industry, agriculture, and nuclear power generation. Besides the beneficial roles of ionizing radiation, there are some concerns for accidental exposure to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38366702" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Nowadays, ionizing radiation is used for several applications in medicine, industry, agriculture, and nuclear power generation. Besides the beneficial roles of ionizing radiation, there are some concerns for accidental exposure to radioactive sources. The threat posed by its use in terrorism is of global concern. Furthermore, there are several side effects to normal organs for patients had undergone radiation treatment for cancer. Hence, modulation of radiation response in normal tissues was one of the most important aims of radiobiology. Although, so far, several agents have been investigated for protection and mitigation of radiation injury. Agents such as amifostine may lead to severe toxicity, while others may interfere with radiation therapy outcomes as a result of tumor protection. Metformin is a natural agent that is well known as an anti-diabetic drug. It has shown some antioxidant effects and enhances DNA repair capacity, thereby ameliorating cell death following exposure to radiation. Moreover, through targeting endogenous ROS production within cells, it can mitigate radiation injury. This could potentially make it an effective radiation countermeasure. In contrast to other radioprotectors, metformin has shown modulatory effects through induction of several genes such as AMPK, which suppresses reduction/oxidation (redox) reactions, protects cells from accumulation of unrepaired DNA, and attenuates initiation of inflammation and fibrotic pathways. Interestingly, these properties of metformin can sensitize cancer cells to radiotherapy. In this article, we aimed to review interesting properties of metformin such as radioprotection, radiomitigation and radiosensitization, which could make it an interesting adjuvant for clinical</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38366702" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d84cd6937ca60c8a606e6cdfaeb23cf5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58419900,"asset_id":38366702,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58419900/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="652424" href="https://kums.academia.edu/MasoudNajafi">Masoud Najafi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="652424" type="text/json">{"id":652424,"first_name":"Masoud","last_name":"Najafi","domain_name":"kums","page_name":"MasoudNajafi","display_name":"Masoud Najafi","profile_url":"https://kums.academia.edu/MasoudNajafi?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-38366702">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-38366702"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/BagherFarhood">Bagher Farhood</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-38366702'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-38366702').html(); 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Besides the beneficial roles of ionizing radiation, there are some concerns for accidental exposure to radioactive sources. The threat posed by its use in terrorism is of global concern. Furthermore, there are several side effects to normal organs for patients had undergone radiation treatment for cancer. Hence, modulation of radiation response in normal tissues was one of the most important aims of radiobiology. Although, so far, several agents have been investigated for protection and mitigation of radiation injury. Agents such as amifostine may lead to severe toxicity, while others may interfere with radiation therapy outcomes as a result of tumor protection. Metformin is a natural agent that is well known as an anti-diabetic drug. It has shown some antioxidant effects and enhances DNA repair capacity, thereby ameliorating cell death following exposure to radiation. Moreover, through targeting endogenous ROS production within cells, it can mitigate radiation injury. This could potentially make it an effective radiation countermeasure. In contrast to other radioprotectors, metformin has shown modulatory effects through induction of several genes such as AMPK, which suppresses reduction/oxidation (redox) reactions, protects cells from accumulation of unrepaired DNA, and attenuates initiation of inflammation and fibrotic pathways. Interestingly, these properties of metformin can sensitize cancer cells to radiotherapy. In this article, we aimed to review interesting properties of metformin such as radioprotection, radiomitigation and radiosensitization, which could make it an interesting adjuvant for clinical","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58419900,"asset_id":38366702,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":652424,"first_name":"Masoud","last_name":"Najafi","domain_name":"kums","page_name":"MasoudNajafi","display_name":"Masoud Najafi","profile_url":"https://kums.academia.edu/MasoudNajafi?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":52302761,"first_name":"Bagher","last_name":"Farhood","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BagherFarhood","display_name":"Bagher 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survivors because of the important role that these studies play in worldwide radiation protection standards. International experts have... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_66985089" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">VThere is a need for accurate dosimetry for studies of health effects in the Japanese atomic bomb survivors because of the important role that these studies play in worldwide radiation protection standards. International experts have developed do simetry systems, such as the Dosimetry System 2002 (DS02), which assess the initial radiation exposure to gamma rays and neutrons but only briefly consider the possibility of some min imal contribution to the total body dose by residual radiation exposure. In recognition of the need for an up-to-date review of the topic of residual radiation exposure in Hiroshima and Na gasaki, recently reported studies were reviewed at a technical session at the 57th Annual Meeting of the Health Physics Society in Sacramento, California, 22-26 July 2012. A one-day workshop was also held to provide time for detailed discussion of these newer studies and to evaluate their potential use in clarifying the residual radiation exposures to the atomic-bomb survivors at</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/66985089" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="20b1ff0c6b2665b342d26412a6847c8d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":77976043,"asset_id":66985089,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/77976043/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="64208722" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GlenReeves3">Glen Reeves</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="64208722" type="text/json">{"id":64208722,"first_name":"Glen","last_name":"Reeves","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GlenReeves3","display_name":"Glen Reeves","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GlenReeves3?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/64208722/75037307/63542582/s65_glen.reeves.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_66985089 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="66985089"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 66985089, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_66985089", }); 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medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_medicine?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="44507" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear">Nuclear</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="44507" type="text/json">{"id":44507,"name":"Nuclear","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="112576" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Death">Cell Death</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="112576" type="text/json">{"id":112576,"name":"Cell Death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Death?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="132620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology">Radiobiology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="132620" type="text/json">{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=31670161]'), work: {"id":31670161,"title":"MIRD Pamphlet No. 22 (Abridged): Radiobiology and Dosimetry of -Particle Emitters for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy","created_at":"2017-03-01T18:57:09.134-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/31670161/MIRD_Pamphlet_No_22_Abridged_Radiobiology_and_Dosimetry_of_Particle_Emitters_for_Targeted_Radionuclide_Therapy?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_31670161","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51991705,"asset_id":31670161,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":60352457,"first_name":"Barry","last_name":"Allen","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BarryAllen68","display_name":"Barry Allen","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BarryAllen68?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/60352457/16086027/16547646/s65_barry.allen.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":10035,"name":"Nuclear medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_medicine?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":44507,"name":"Nuclear","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":112576,"name":"Cell Death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Death?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=132620"},{"id":469018,"name":"Neoplasms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neoplasms?f_ri=132620"},{"id":678896,"name":"Alpha Particles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alpha_Particles?f_ri=132620"},{"id":832191,"name":"Relative Biological Effectiveness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Relative_Biological_Effectiveness?f_ri=132620"},{"id":926113,"name":"Pamphlets","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pamphlets?f_ri=132620"},{"id":967378,"name":"Radioisotopes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radioisotopes?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1157148,"name":"Cell Survival","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Survival?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1271382,"name":"Radionuclide Therapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radionuclide_Therapy?f_ri=132620"},{"id":2463778,"name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Trials_as_Topic?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_16498602 coauthored" data-work_id="16498602" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/16498602/Giving_OMICS_spatiotemporal_dimensions_using_exciting_new_nanoscopy_techniques_to_assess_complex_cell_responses_to_radiation_damage_PART_A_Radiomics_">Giving OMICS spatiotemporal dimensions using exciting new nanoscopy techniques to assess complex cell responses to radiation damage – PART A (Radiomics)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Recent groundbreaking developments in Omics and bioinformatics have generated new hope for overcoming the complexity and variability of (radio)biological systems while simultaneously shedding more light on fundamental radiobiological... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_16498602" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Recent groundbreaking developments in Omics and bioinformatics have generated new hope for overcoming the complexity and variability of (radio)biological systems while simultaneously shedding more light on fundamental radiobiological questions that have remained unanswered for decades. In the era of Omics, our knowledge of how genes and dozens of proteins interact in the frame of complex signaling and repair pathways (or, rather, networks) to preserve the integrity of the genome has been rapidly expanding. Nevertheless, these functional networks must be observed with strong correspondence to the cell nucleus, which is the main target of ionizing radiation. Information regarding these intricate processes cannot be achieved using high-throughput Omics approaches alone; it requires sophisticated structural probing and imaging. In the first part of this review, the article "Giving Omics Spatiotemporal Dimensions Using Exciting New Nanoscopy Techniques to Assess Complex Cell Responses to DNA Damage: Part A-Radiomics," we showed the development of different Omics solutions and how they are contributing to a better understanding of cellular radiation response. In this Part B we show how high-resolution confocal microscopy as well as novel approaches of molecular localization nanoscopy fill the gaps to successfully place Omics data in the context of space and time. The dynamics of double-strand breaks during repair processes and chromosomal rearrangements at the microscale correlated to aberration induction are explained. For the first time we visualize pan-nuclear nucleosomal rearrangements and clustering at the nanoscale during repair processes. Finally, we introduce a novel method of specific chromatin nanotargeting based on a computer database search of uniquely binding oligonucleotide combinations (COMBO-FISH). With these challenging techniques on hand, we speculate future perspectives that may combine specific COMBO-FISH nanoprobing and structural nanoscopy to observe structure-function correlations in living cells in real-time. Thus, the Omics networks obtained from function analyses may be enriched by real-time visualization of Structuromics.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/16498602" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="057596f945fbbb023c2addb320272e39" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42461205,"asset_id":16498602,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42461205/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="35728291" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FalkMartin">Martin Falk</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="35728291" type="text/json">{"id":35728291,"first_name":"Martin","last_name":"Falk","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FalkMartin","display_name":"Martin Falk","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FalkMartin?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/35728291/10409436/11615621/s65_martin.falk.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-16498602">+4</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-16498602"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://u-psud.academia.edu/Lenka%C5%A0tefan%C4%8D%C3%ADkov%C3%A1">Lenka Štefančíková</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/HausmannMichael">Michael Hausmann</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/AlenaBa%C4%8D%C3%ADkov%C3%A1">Alena Bačíková</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/MichalHofer">Michal Hofer</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-16498602'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-16498602').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_16498602 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="16498602"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 16498602; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=16498602]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_16498602").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_16498602").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="16498602"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="156" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics">Genetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="156" type="text/json">{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18325" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology_of_Ionizing_Radiation">Radiobiology of Ionizing Radiation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="18325" type="text/json">{"id":18325,"name":"Radiobiology of Ionizing Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology_of_Ionizing_Radiation?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18533" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confocal_Microscopy">Confocal Microscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="18533" type="text/json">{"id":18533,"name":"Confocal Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confocal_Microscopy?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23066" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_damage">DNA damage</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="23066" type="text/json">{"id":23066,"name":"DNA damage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_damage?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=16498602]'), work: {"id":16498602,"title":"Giving OMICS spatiotemporal dimensions using exciting new nanoscopy techniques to assess complex cell responses to radiation damage – PART A (Radiomics)","created_at":"2015-10-06T00:07:52.034-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/16498602/Giving_OMICS_spatiotemporal_dimensions_using_exciting_new_nanoscopy_techniques_to_assess_complex_cell_responses_to_radiation_damage_PART_A_Radiomics_?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_16498602","summary":"Recent groundbreaking developments in Omics and bioinformatics have generated new hope for overcoming the complexity and variability of (radio)biological systems while simultaneously shedding more light on fundamental radiobiological questions that have remained unanswered for decades. In the era of Omics, our knowledge of how genes and dozens of proteins interact in the frame of complex signaling and repair pathways (or, rather, networks) to preserve the integrity of the genome has been rapidly expanding. Nevertheless, these functional networks must be observed with strong correspondence to the cell nucleus, which is the main target of ionizing radiation. Information regarding these intricate processes cannot be achieved using high-throughput Omics approaches alone; it requires sophisticated structural probing and imaging. In the first part of this review, the article \"Giving Omics Spatiotemporal Dimensions Using Exciting New Nanoscopy Techniques to Assess Complex Cell Responses to DNA Damage: Part A-Radiomics,\" we showed the development of different Omics solutions and how they are contributing to a better understanding of cellular radiation response. In this Part B we show how high-resolution confocal microscopy as well as novel approaches of molecular localization nanoscopy fill the gaps to successfully place Omics data in the context of space and time. The dynamics of double-strand breaks during repair processes and chromosomal rearrangements at the microscale correlated to aberration induction are explained. For the first time we visualize pan-nuclear nucleosomal rearrangements and clustering at the nanoscale during repair processes. Finally, we introduce a novel method of specific chromatin nanotargeting based on a computer database search of uniquely binding oligonucleotide combinations (COMBO-FISH). With these challenging techniques on hand, we speculate future perspectives that may combine specific COMBO-FISH nanoprobing and structural nanoscopy to observe structure-function correlations in living cells in real-time. 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Toutefois, les événements et l'approche intellectuelle qui l'amena... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_60068521" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Entre le 4 et le 23 juillet 1896, Victor Despeignes a effectué la première radiothérapie anticancéreuse validée par des publications et des faits pratiques incontestables. Toutefois, les événements et l'approche intellectuelle qui l'amena à réaliser ce traitement unique sont méconnues. Cette biographie inédite s'efforce de mieux connaître l'oeuvre de Victor Despeignes, qui fut tout d'abord un médecin hygiéniste. La conjonction des idées pasteuriennes, de la découverte des rayons X et de l'aide technique probable des frères Lumière l'amena logiquement à irradier une tumeur cancéreuse. La vie de Victor Despeignes peut se découper en trois grandes parties : la période lyonnaise de 1866 à 1894 pendant laquelle il devint médecin et chercheur en parasitologie en travaillant sur la qualité des eaux de ville et la tuberculose ; la période passée à Buis-les-Baronnies (Drôme) puis aux Échelles (Savoie) de 1894 à 1907 pendant laquelle il fut simple médecin de canton et appliqua la première radiothérapie ; enfin la période chambérienne de 1907 à 1937, pendant laquelle il dirigea le bureau d'Hygiène de la ville de Chambéry en menant une action majeure en santé publique.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/60068521" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="94ecef496a0bce82948eb39c6bf36c1e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":73674152,"asset_id":60068521,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73674152/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="46714622" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NForay">N. Foray</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="46714622" type="text/json">{"id":46714622,"first_name":"N.","last_name":"Foray","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NForay","display_name":"N. Foray","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NForay?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_60068521 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="60068521"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 60068521, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_60068521", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_60068521 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60068521; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_60068521"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_60068521 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60068521"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60068521; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60068521]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_60068521").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_60068521").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="60068521"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="164" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology">Parasitology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="164" type="text/json">{"id":164,"name":"Parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2443" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Oncology">Radiation Oncology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2443" type="text/json">{"id":2443,"name":"Radiation Oncology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Oncology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19354" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiotherapy">Radiotherapy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="19354" type="text/json">{"id":19354,"name":"Radiotherapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiotherapy?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=60068521]'), work: {"id":60068521,"title":"Victor Despeignes (1866–1937) : comment un hygiéniste devint le premier radiothérapeute de l’Histoire","created_at":"2021-10-26T09:49:22.614-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/60068521/Victor_Despeignes_1866_1937_comment_un_hygi%C3%A9niste_devint_le_premier_radioth%C3%A9rapeute_de_l_Histoire?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_60068521","summary":"Entre le 4 et le 23 juillet 1896, Victor Despeignes a effectué la première radiothérapie anticancéreuse validée par des publications et des faits pratiques incontestables. Toutefois, les événements et l'approche intellectuelle qui l'amena à réaliser ce traitement unique sont méconnues. Cette biographie inédite s'efforce de mieux connaître l'oeuvre de Victor Despeignes, qui fut tout d'abord un médecin hygiéniste. La conjonction des idées pasteuriennes, de la découverte des rayons X et de l'aide technique probable des frères Lumière l'amena logiquement à irradier une tumeur cancéreuse. La vie de Victor Despeignes peut se découper en trois grandes parties : la période lyonnaise de 1866 à 1894 pendant laquelle il devint médecin et chercheur en parasitologie en travaillant sur la qualité des eaux de ville et la tuberculose ; la période passée à Buis-les-Baronnies (Drôme) puis aux Échelles (Savoie) de 1894 à 1907 pendant laquelle il fut simple médecin de canton et appliqua la première radiothérapie ; enfin la période chambérienne de 1907 à 1937, pendant laquelle il dirigea le bureau d'Hygiène de la ville de Chambéry en menant une action majeure en santé publique.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73674152,"asset_id":60068521,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":46714622,"first_name":"N.","last_name":"Foray","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NForay","display_name":"N. Foray","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NForay?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":164,"name":"Parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":2443,"name":"Radiation Oncology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Oncology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":19354,"name":"Radiotherapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiotherapy?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":27336,"name":"France","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/France?f_ri=132620"},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38768958" data-work_id="38768958" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38768958/Radiogenomics_and_radiotherapy_response_modeling">Radiogenomics and radiotherapy response modeling</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Advances in patient-specific information and biotechnology have contributed to a new era of computational medicine. Radiogenomics has emerged as a new field that investigates the role of genetics in treatment response to radiation... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38768958" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Advances in patient-specific information and biotechnology have contributed to a new era of computational medicine. Radiogenomics has emerged as a new field that investigates the role of genetics in treatment response to radiation therapy. Radiation oncology is currently attempting to embrace these recent advances and add to its rich history by maintaining its prominent role as a quantitative leader in oncologic response modeling. Here, we provide an overview of radiogenomics starting with genotyping, data aggregation, and application of different modeling approaches based on modifying traditional radiobiological methods or application of advanced machine learning techniques. We highlight the current status and potential for this new field to reshape the landscape of outcome modeling in radiotherapy and drive future advances in computational oncology.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38768958" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a1f20fe5032625f1a910643efaeefcda" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58858244,"asset_id":38768958,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58858244/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13269464" href="https://oxford.academia.edu/JamesCoates">James Coates</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13269464" type="text/json">{"id":13269464,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Coates","domain_name":"oxford","page_name":"JamesCoates","display_name":"James Coates","profile_url":"https://oxford.academia.edu/JamesCoates?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13269464/3727177/24095683/s65_james.coates.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38768958 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38768958"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38768958, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38768958", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_38768958 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38768958; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_38768958"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_38768958 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38768958"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38768958; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38768958]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38768958").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38768958").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38768958"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1131" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomedical_Engineering">Biomedical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1131" type="text/json">{"id":1131,"name":"Biomedical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomedical_Engineering?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3216" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genomics">Genomics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3216" type="text/json">{"id":3216,"name":"Genomics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genomics?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12426" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome">Treatment Outcome</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12426" type="text/json">{"id":12426,"name":"Treatment Outcome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="132620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology">Radiobiology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="132620" type="text/json">{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38768958]'), work: {"id":38768958,"title":"Radiogenomics and radiotherapy response modeling","created_at":"2019-04-10T19:57:31.957-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38768958/Radiogenomics_and_radiotherapy_response_modeling?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_38768958","summary":"Advances in patient-specific information and biotechnology have contributed to a new era of computational medicine. Radiogenomics has emerged as a new field that investigates the role of genetics in treatment response to radiation therapy. Radiation oncology is currently attempting to embrace these recent advances and add to its rich history by maintaining its prominent role as a quantitative leader in oncologic response modeling. Here, we provide an overview of radiogenomics starting with genotyping, data aggregation, and application of different modeling approaches based on modifying traditional radiobiological methods or application of advanced machine learning techniques. We highlight the current status and potential for this new field to reshape the landscape of outcome modeling in radiotherapy and drive future advances in computational oncology.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58858244,"asset_id":38768958,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":13269464,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Coates","domain_name":"oxford","page_name":"JamesCoates","display_name":"James Coates","profile_url":"https://oxford.academia.edu/JamesCoates?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13269464/3727177/24095683/s65_james.coates.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1131,"name":"Biomedical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomedical_Engineering?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":3216,"name":"Genomics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genomics?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":12426,"name":"Treatment Outcome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":469018,"name":"Neoplasms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neoplasms?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2271485" data-work_id="2271485" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2271485/_Fullerenes_in_radiobiology_">[Fullerenes in radiobiology]</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Molecule of fullerene, having a spherical or ellipsoidal shape, is made of rings consisting of five or six carbon atoms, combined with conjugated pi bonds. Delocalization of pi electrons in the molecule of fullerene makes it easy to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_2271485" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Molecule of fullerene, having a spherical or ellipsoidal shape, is made of rings consisting of five or six carbon atoms, combined with conjugated pi bonds. Delocalization of pi electrons in the molecule of fullerene makes it easy to scavenge free radicals. But, despite being the effective antioxidants and radical scavengers fullerenes may be prooxidants by reactive oxygen species generation. Mammalian cells consist mainly of water (about 70%). Thus, the radical and non-radical products of water radiolysis are the basic sources of radiation damage to biomolecules. Reactive oxygen species, such as hydroxyl (HO*) and superoxide (O2-*) radicals and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), are responsible for radiation-induced damage in aerated systems. Free radical mechanism of radiation damage suggests that scavengers of free radicals should protect cellular structures against damage. Electron donor compounds should also exhibit protective properties towards oxidized functional groups by reducing them. However, the electron transfer from fullerene to oxygen may generate superoxide radical. The shape of fullerenes allows them to act as carriers of radioactive atoms of isotopes used in the therapy and medical diagnostics. Fullerenes and their derivatives due to its properties are new promising chemicals for application in radiobiology. Fullerenes may be radioprotectors, radiosensitizer or auxiliary compounds in diagnostic imaging. What they are depends on the experimental system used.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2271485" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d63b1d61803b5353074dc228f3815201" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31399953,"asset_id":2271485,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31399953/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1698935" href="https://unilodz.academia.edu/AnitaKrokosz">Anita Krokosz</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1698935" type="text/json">{"id":1698935,"first_name":"Anita","last_name":"Krokosz","domain_name":"unilodz","page_name":"AnitaKrokosz","display_name":"Anita Krokosz","profile_url":"https://unilodz.academia.edu/AnitaKrokosz?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1698935/586907/4287375/s65_anita.krokosz.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2271485 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2271485"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2271485, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2271485", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2271485]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_2271485").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_2271485").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="2271485"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2425" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Free_Radicals">Free Radicals</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2425" type="text/json">{"id":2425,"name":"Free Radicals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Free_Radicals?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="53354" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fullerenes">Fullerenes</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="53354" type="text/json">{"id":53354,"name":"Fullerenes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fullerenes?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="132620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology">Radiobiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="132620" type="text/json">{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="469033" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Injuries">Radiation Injuries</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="469033" type="text/json">{"id":469033,"name":"Radiation Injuries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Injuries?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=2271485]'), work: {"id":2271485,"title":"[Fullerenes in radiobiology]","created_at":"2012-12-10T04:21:02.726-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/2271485/_Fullerenes_in_radiobiology_?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_2271485","summary":"Molecule of fullerene, having a spherical or ellipsoidal shape, is made of rings consisting of five or six carbon atoms, combined with conjugated pi bonds. Delocalization of pi electrons in the molecule of fullerene makes it easy to scavenge free radicals. But, despite being the effective antioxidants and radical scavengers fullerenes may be prooxidants by reactive oxygen species generation. Mammalian cells consist mainly of water (about 70%). Thus, the radical and non-radical products of water radiolysis are the basic sources of radiation damage to biomolecules. Reactive oxygen species, such as hydroxyl (HO*) and superoxide (O2-*) radicals and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), are responsible for radiation-induced damage in aerated systems. Free radical mechanism of radiation damage suggests that scavengers of free radicals should protect cellular structures against damage. Electron donor compounds should also exhibit protective properties towards oxidized functional groups by reducing them. However, the electron transfer from fullerene to oxygen may generate superoxide radical. The shape of fullerenes allows them to act as carriers of radioactive atoms of isotopes used in the therapy and medical diagnostics. Fullerenes and their derivatives due to its properties are new promising chemicals for application in radiobiology. Fullerenes may be radioprotectors, radiosensitizer or auxiliary compounds in diagnostic imaging. What they are depends on the experimental system used.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31399953,"asset_id":2271485,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1698935,"first_name":"Anita","last_name":"Krokosz","domain_name":"unilodz","page_name":"AnitaKrokosz","display_name":"Anita Krokosz","profile_url":"https://unilodz.academia.edu/AnitaKrokosz?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1698935/586907/4287375/s65_anita.krokosz.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2425,"name":"Free Radicals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Free_Radicals?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":53354,"name":"Fullerenes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fullerenes?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":469033,"name":"Radiation Injuries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Injuries?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14971887" data-work_id="14971887" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14971887/Radiological_Dispersion_Devices_are_we_prepared">Radiological Dispersion Devices: are we prepared?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Already before the events of September 11th 2001 concern was raised about the spread of orphan sources and their potential use in Radiological Dispersion Devices by terrorist groups. Although most of the simulated scenarios foresee a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14971887" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Already before the events of September 11th 2001 concern was raised about the spread of orphan sources and their potential use in Radiological Dispersion Devices by terrorist groups. Although most of the simulated scenarios foresee a rather limited direct health impact on the population, the affected region would suffer from the indirect consequences such as social disruption, cleanup requirements and economic costs. The nature of such a radiological attack would anyway be different compared to conventional radiological accidents, basically because it can happen anywhere at any time. Part of the response resides in a general preparedness scheme incorporating attacks with Radiological Dispersion Devices. Training of different potential intervention teams is essential. The response would consist of a prioritised list of actions adapted to the circumstances. As the psychosocial dimension of the crisis could be worse than the purely radiological one, an adapted communication strategy with the public aspect would be a key issue.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14971887" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="16c66e5cf4a6dd43db67be2dd24367cb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43686869,"asset_id":14971887,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43686869/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33967646" href="https://sckcen.academia.edu/FrankHardeman">Frank Hardeman</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33967646" type="text/json">{"id":33967646,"first_name":"Frank","last_name":"Hardeman","domain_name":"sckcen","page_name":"FrankHardeman","display_name":"Frank Hardeman","profile_url":"https://sckcen.academia.edu/FrankHardeman?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_14971887 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="14971887"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14971887, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_14971887", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_14971887 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14971887; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_14971887"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_14971887 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14971887"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14971887; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14971887]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_14971887").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_14971887").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="14971887"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1660" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Terrorism">Terrorism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1660" type="text/json">{"id":1660,"name":"Terrorism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Terrorism?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10032" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Protection">Radiation Protection</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10032" type="text/json">{"id":10032,"name":"Radiation Protection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Protection?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="45874" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_support_system">Decision support system</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="45874" type="text/json">{"id":45874,"name":"Decision support system","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_support_system?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=14971887]'), work: {"id":14971887,"title":"Radiological Dispersion Devices: are we prepared?","created_at":"2015-08-16T23:26:23.852-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/14971887/Radiological_Dispersion_Devices_are_we_prepared?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_14971887","summary":"Already before the events of September 11th 2001 concern was raised about the spread of orphan sources and their potential use in Radiological Dispersion Devices by terrorist groups. Although most of the simulated scenarios foresee a rather limited direct health impact on the population, the affected region would suffer from the indirect consequences such as social disruption, cleanup requirements and economic costs. The nature of such a radiological attack would anyway be different compared to conventional radiological accidents, basically because it can happen anywhere at any time. Part of the response resides in a general preparedness scheme incorporating attacks with Radiological Dispersion Devices. Training of different potential intervention teams is essential. The response would consist of a prioritised list of actions adapted to the circumstances. As the psychosocial dimension of the crisis could be worse than the purely radiological one, an adapted communication strategy with the public aspect would be a key issue.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43686869,"asset_id":14971887,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33967646,"first_name":"Frank","last_name":"Hardeman","domain_name":"sckcen","page_name":"FrankHardeman","display_name":"Frank Hardeman","profile_url":"https://sckcen.academia.edu/FrankHardeman?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1660,"name":"Terrorism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Terrorism?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":10032,"name":"Radiation Protection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Protection?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":45874,"name":"Decision support system","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_support_system?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":54259,"name":"Cities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cities?f_ri=132620"},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=132620"},{"id":81782,"name":"Environmental Radioactivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Radioactivity?f_ri=132620"},{"id":119175,"name":"Explosions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Explosions?f_ri=132620"},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=132620"},{"id":284032,"name":"Radiation Monitoring","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Monitoring?f_ri=132620"},{"id":315531,"name":"Atmospheric Dispersion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atmospheric_Dispersion?f_ri=132620"},{"id":469033,"name":"Radiation Injuries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Injuries?f_ri=132620"},{"id":537657,"name":"Radioactive contamination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radioactive_contamination?f_ri=132620"},{"id":735638,"name":"Radioactive Pollution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radioactive_Pollution?f_ri=132620"},{"id":960122,"name":"Dirty Bomb","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dirty_Bomb?f_ri=132620"},{"id":967378,"name":"Radioisotopes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radioisotopes?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1033836,"name":"Post Disaster Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Post_Disaster_Planning?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1288045,"name":"Radioisotope","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radioisotope?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_20834222 coauthored" data-work_id="20834222" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20834222/Radiation_dosimetry_and_biophysical_models_of_space_radiation_effects">Radiation dosimetry and biophysical models of space radiation effects</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Estimating the biological risks from space radiation remains a difficult problem because of the many radiation types including protons, heavy ions, and secondary neutrons, and the absence of epidemiology data for these radiation types.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_20834222" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Estimating the biological risks from space radiation remains a difficult problem because of the many radiation types including protons, heavy ions, and secondary neutrons, and the absence of epidemiology data for these radiation types. Developing useful biophysical parameters or models that relate energy deposition by space particles to the probabilities of biological outcomes is a complex problem. Physical measurements of space radiation include the absorbed dose, dose equivalent, and linear energy transfer (LET) spectra. In contrast to conventional dosimetric methods, models of radiation track structure provide descriptions of energy deposition events in biomolecules, cells, or tissues, which can be used to develop biophysical models of radiation risks. In this paper, we address the biophysical description of heavy particle tracks in the context of the interpretation of both space radiation dosimetry and radiobiology data, which may provide insights into new approaches to these pr...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/20834222" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6add4074294a9e7d3553f12d7369cb62" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41588128,"asset_id":20834222,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41588128/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42134060" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MarkShavers">Mark Shavers</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="42134060" type="text/json">{"id":42134060,"first_name":"Mark","last_name":"Shavers","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MarkShavers","display_name":"Mark Shavers","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MarkShavers?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-20834222">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-20834222"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/KGeorge2">K. George</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-20834222'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-20834222').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_20834222 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="20834222"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 20834222, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_20834222", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_20834222 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 20834222; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_20834222"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_20834222 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="20834222"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 20834222; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=20834222]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_20834222").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_20834222").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="20834222"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10032" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Protection">Radiation Protection</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10032" type="text/json">{"id":10032,"name":"Radiation Protection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Protection?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16664" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_assessment">Risk assessment</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16664" type="text/json">{"id":16664,"name":"Risk assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_assessment?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29125" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gravitational_Waves">Gravitational Waves</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="29125" type="text/json">{"id":29125,"name":"Gravitational Waves","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gravitational_Waves?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48057" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA">DNA</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="48057" type="text/json">{"id":48057,"name":"DNA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=20834222]'), work: {"id":20834222,"title":"Radiation dosimetry and biophysical models of space radiation effects","created_at":"2016-01-26T06:50:45.515-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/20834222/Radiation_dosimetry_and_biophysical_models_of_space_radiation_effects?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_20834222","summary":"Estimating the biological risks from space radiation remains a difficult problem because of the many radiation types including protons, heavy ions, and secondary neutrons, and the absence of epidemiology data for these radiation types. Developing useful biophysical parameters or models that relate energy deposition by space particles to the probabilities of biological outcomes is a complex problem. Physical measurements of space radiation include the absorbed dose, dose equivalent, and linear energy transfer (LET) spectra. In contrast to conventional dosimetric methods, models of radiation track structure provide descriptions of energy deposition events in biomolecules, cells, or tissues, which can be used to develop biophysical models of radiation risks. In this paper, we address the biophysical description of heavy particle tracks in the context of the interpretation of both space radiation dosimetry and radiobiology data, which may provide insights into new approaches to these pr...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41588128,"asset_id":20834222,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42134060,"first_name":"Mark","last_name":"Shavers","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MarkShavers","display_name":"Mark Shavers","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MarkShavers?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":42270893,"first_name":"K.","last_name":"George","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KGeorge2","display_name":"K. George","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KGeorge2?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":10032,"name":"Radiation Protection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Protection?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":16664,"name":"Risk assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_assessment?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":29125,"name":"Gravitational Waves","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gravitational_Waves?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":48057,"name":"DNA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":81015,"name":"Solar Activity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Solar_Activity?f_ri=132620"},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620"},{"id":260003,"name":"ASTRONAUTS","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ASTRONAUTS?f_ri=132620"},{"id":335365,"name":"Radiometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiometry?f_ri=132620"},{"id":622589,"name":"Risk Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Assessment-2?f_ri=132620"},{"id":984615,"name":"Cosmic Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cosmic_Radiation?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_47517105" data-work_id="47517105" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/47517105/Thirty_five_years_in_bioelectromagnetics_research">Thirty-five years in bioelectromagnetics research</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">For 35 years, I have been involved in various bioelectromagnetics research projects including acute and long-term radiofrequency (RF) bioeffects studies, dosimetry, exposure systems, MRI safety, cancer studies involving hyperthermia and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_47517105" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">For 35 years, I have been involved in various bioelectromagnetics research projects including acute and long-term radiofrequency (RF) bioeffects studies, dosimetry, exposure systems, MRI safety, cancer studies involving hyperthermia and electrochemical treatment, development of RF exposure and measurement standards, and product compliance. My first study demonstrated that effects on isolated nerve and muscle preparations were due to thermal effects of RF exposure. The recording of cochlear microphonics in animals shows the mechanical nature of the microwave auditory effect. In 1992, we published the results of a large-scale lifetime study in which 100 rats were sham-exposed and 100 rats were exposed for 21 h/day for 25 months to a pulsed RF signal. In dosimetry studies, human models were employed as well as many animal species including mice, rats, rabbits, monkeys, and birds of many sizes. Cancer hyperthermia studies demonstrated that knowledge of temperature distribution was crucial for successful treatment. Research on electrochemical treatment of tumors with direct current involved cellular, animal, and clinical studies. Over the past few decades, there has been rather extensive investigation of the public health impact of RF exposure. In my opinion, future research in bioelectromagnetics should place greater emphasis on medical applications.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/47517105" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a6cb4688741e30baf51d54a60ffc7f9e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66568914,"asset_id":47517105,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66568914/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="47446564" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ChungKwangChou">Chung-Kwang Chou</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="47446564" type="text/json">{"id":47446564,"first_name":"Chung-Kwang","last_name":"Chou","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ChungKwangChou","display_name":"Chung-Kwang Chou","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ChungKwangChou?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/47446564/12516040/13926954/s65_chung-kwang.chou.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_47517105 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="47517105"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 47517105, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_47517105", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=47517105]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_47517105").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_47517105").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="47517105"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10032" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Protection">Radiation Protection</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10032" type="text/json">{"id":10032,"name":"Radiation Protection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Protection?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14988" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioelectromagnetics">Bioelectromagnetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14988" type="text/json">{"id":14988,"name":"Bioelectromagnetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioelectromagnetics?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=47517105]'), work: {"id":47517105,"title":"Thirty-five years in bioelectromagnetics research","created_at":"2021-04-22T17:31:12.153-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/47517105/Thirty_five_years_in_bioelectromagnetics_research?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_47517105","summary":"For 35 years, I have been involved in various bioelectromagnetics research projects including acute and long-term radiofrequency (RF) bioeffects studies, dosimetry, exposure systems, MRI safety, cancer studies involving hyperthermia and electrochemical treatment, development of RF exposure and measurement standards, and product compliance. My first study demonstrated that effects on isolated nerve and muscle preparations were due to thermal effects of RF exposure. The recording of cochlear microphonics in animals shows the mechanical nature of the microwave auditory effect. In 1992, we published the results of a large-scale lifetime study in which 100 rats were sham-exposed and 100 rats were exposed for 21 h/day for 25 months to a pulsed RF signal. In dosimetry studies, human models were employed as well as many animal species including mice, rats, rabbits, monkeys, and birds of many sizes. Cancer hyperthermia studies demonstrated that knowledge of temperature distribution was crucial for successful treatment. Research on electrochemical treatment of tumors with direct current involved cellular, animal, and clinical studies. Over the past few decades, there has been rather extensive investigation of the public health impact of RF exposure. In my opinion, future research in bioelectromagnetics should place greater emphasis on medical applications.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66568914,"asset_id":47517105,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":47446564,"first_name":"Chung-Kwang","last_name":"Chou","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ChungKwangChou","display_name":"Chung-Kwang Chou","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ChungKwangChou?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/47446564/12516040/13926954/s65_chung-kwang.chou.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":10032,"name":"Radiation Protection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Protection?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":14988,"name":"Bioelectromagnetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioelectromagnetics?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":66744,"name":"Biomedical Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomedical_Research?f_ri=132620"},{"id":98134,"name":"United States","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_States?f_ri=132620"},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620"},{"id":335874,"name":"Magnetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetics?f_ri=132620"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29667941" data-work_id="29667941" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29667941/Louis_James_Casarett_1927_1972_">Louis James Casarett (1927-1972)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Department of Radiation Biology at the University of Rochester. Dr. J. Newell Stannard was his advisor for both degrees.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29667941" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="98181339e0e644aa5b434cdc16ce9c07" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50103020,"asset_id":29667941,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50103020/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="56122225" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JohnDoull">John Doull</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="56122225" type="text/json">{"id":56122225,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Doull","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JohnDoull","display_name":"John Doull","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JohnDoull?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_29667941 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="29667941"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 29667941, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_29667941", }); 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Dr. J. Newell Stannard was his advisor for both degrees.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50103020,"asset_id":29667941,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":56122225,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Doull","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JohnDoull","display_name":"John Doull","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JohnDoull?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":140,"name":"Pharmacology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":4553,"name":"Toxicology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toxicology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":98134,"name":"United States","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_States?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_24947622" data-work_id="24947622" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/24947622/Dose_volume_and_biological_model_based_comparison_between_helical_tomotherapy_and_inverse_planned_IMAT_for_prostate_tumours">Dose–volume and biological-model based comparison between helical tomotherapy and (inverse-planned) IMAT for prostate tumours</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Background and purpose: Helical tomotherapy (HT) and intensity-modulated arc therapy (IMAT) are two arc-based approaches to the delivery of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). Through plan comparisons we have investigated the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_24947622" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background and purpose: Helical tomotherapy (HT) and intensity-modulated arc therapy (IMAT) are two arc-based approaches to the delivery of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). Through plan comparisons we have investigated the potential of IMAT, both with constant (conventional or IMAT-C) and variable (non-conventional or IMAT-NC, a theoretical exercise) dose-rate, to serve as an alternative to helical tomotherapy.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/24947622" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0d387bbb06c172f6f967a0cc88d4761b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45278242,"asset_id":24947622,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45278242/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="47999222" href="https://liverpool.academia.edu/AlanNahum">Alan E Nahum</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="47999222" type="text/json">{"id":47999222,"first_name":"Alan","last_name":"Nahum","domain_name":"liverpool","page_name":"AlanNahum","display_name":"Alan E Nahum","profile_url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/AlanNahum?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_24947622 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="24947622"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 24947622, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_24947622", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=24947622]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_24947622").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_24947622").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="24947622"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3243" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nonparametric_Statistics">Nonparametric Statistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3243" type="text/json">{"id":3243,"name":"Nonparametric Statistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nonparametric_Statistics?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19354" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiotherapy">Radiotherapy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19354" type="text/json">{"id":19354,"name":"Radiotherapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiotherapy?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="132620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology">Radiobiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="132620" type="text/json">{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="191566" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dose_rate">Dose rate</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="191566" type="text/json">{"id":191566,"name":"Dose rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dose_rate?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=24947622]'), work: {"id":24947622,"title":"Dose–volume and biological-model based comparison between helical tomotherapy and (inverse-planned) IMAT for prostate tumours","created_at":"2016-05-02T07:31:52.515-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/24947622/Dose_volume_and_biological_model_based_comparison_between_helical_tomotherapy_and_inverse_planned_IMAT_for_prostate_tumours?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_24947622","summary":"Background and purpose: Helical tomotherapy (HT) and intensity-modulated arc therapy (IMAT) are two arc-based approaches to the delivery of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). Through plan comparisons we have investigated the potential of IMAT, both with constant (conventional or IMAT-C) and variable (non-conventional or IMAT-NC, a theoretical exercise) dose-rate, to serve as an alternative to helical tomotherapy.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45278242,"asset_id":24947622,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":47999222,"first_name":"Alan","last_name":"Nahum","domain_name":"liverpool","page_name":"AlanNahum","display_name":"Alan E Nahum","profile_url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/AlanNahum?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3243,"name":"Nonparametric Statistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nonparametric_Statistics?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":19354,"name":"Radiotherapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiotherapy?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":191566,"name":"Dose rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dose_rate?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":1807889,"name":"Helical tomotherapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Helical_tomotherapy?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13866742" data-work_id="13866742" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13866742/Altered_fractionation_in_radiotherapy_From_radiobiological_rationale_to_therapeutic_gain">Altered fractionation in radiotherapy: From radiobiological rationale to therapeutic gain</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The implementation of altered fractionation schedules in clinical practice came as a need to improve loco-regional control and survival in those cancer patient groups which did not respond satisfactorily to conventionally fractionated... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13866742" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The implementation of altered fractionation schedules in clinical practice came as a need to improve loco-regional control and survival in those cancer patient groups which did not respond satisfactorily to conventionally fractionated radiotherapy. The current review aims to present the radiobiological rationale behind various non-conventional treatment schedules including the encountered challenges, through a compilation of clinical studies/trials and their contribution towards therapeutic gain.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13866742" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="57372f078b458f1eb1363ce30868336c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44862097,"asset_id":13866742,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44862097/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32952360" href="https://uoradea.academia.edu/LoredanaMarcu">Loredana Marcu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32952360" type="text/json">{"id":32952360,"first_name":"Loredana","last_name":"Marcu","domain_name":"uoradea","page_name":"LoredanaMarcu","display_name":"Loredana Marcu","profile_url":"https://uoradea.academia.edu/LoredanaMarcu?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32952360/9798904/10918211/s65_loredana.marcu.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13866742 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13866742"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13866742, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13866742", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=13866742]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_13866742").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_13866742").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="13866742"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2443" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Oncology">Radiation Oncology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2443" type="text/json">{"id":2443,"name":"Radiation Oncology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Oncology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8270" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forecasting">Forecasting</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8270" type="text/json">{"id":8270,"name":"Forecasting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forecasting?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12426" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome">Treatment Outcome</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12426" type="text/json">{"id":12426,"name":"Treatment Outcome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16664" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_assessment">Risk assessment</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="16664" type="text/json">{"id":16664,"name":"Risk assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_assessment?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13866742]'), work: {"id":13866742,"title":"Altered fractionation in radiotherapy: From radiobiological rationale to therapeutic gain","created_at":"2015-07-10T00:22:36.679-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13866742/Altered_fractionation_in_radiotherapy_From_radiobiological_rationale_to_therapeutic_gain?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_13866742","summary":"The implementation of altered fractionation schedules in clinical practice came as a need to improve loco-regional control and survival in those cancer patient groups which did not respond satisfactorily to conventionally fractionated radiotherapy. The current review aims to present the radiobiological rationale behind various non-conventional treatment schedules including the encountered challenges, through a compilation of clinical studies/trials and their contribution towards therapeutic gain.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44862097,"asset_id":13866742,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32952360,"first_name":"Loredana","last_name":"Marcu","domain_name":"uoradea","page_name":"LoredanaMarcu","display_name":"Loredana Marcu","profile_url":"https://uoradea.academia.edu/LoredanaMarcu?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32952360/9798904/10918211/s65_loredana.marcu.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2443,"name":"Radiation Oncology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Oncology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":8270,"name":"Forecasting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forecasting?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":12426,"name":"Treatment Outcome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":16664,"name":"Risk assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_assessment?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":91499,"name":"Glioblastoma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glioblastoma?f_ri=132620"},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620"},{"id":469018,"name":"Neoplasms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neoplasms?f_ri=132620"},{"id":469033,"name":"Radiation Injuries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Injuries?f_ri=132620"},{"id":489727,"name":"Prognosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prognosis?f_ri=132620"},{"id":622589,"name":"Risk Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Assessment-2?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1159983,"name":"Radiation Tolerance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Tolerance?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_20805501 coauthored" data-work_id="20805501" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20805501/Public_Health_and_Medical_Preparedness_for_a_Nuclear_Detonation">Public Health and Medical Preparedness for a Nuclear Detonation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Resilience and the ability to mitigate the consequences of a nuclear incident are enhanced by (1) effective planning, preparation and training; (2) ongoing interaction, formal exercises, and evaluation among the sectors involved; (3)... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_20805501" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Resilience and the ability to mitigate the consequences of a nuclear incident are enhanced by (1) effective planning, preparation and training; (2) ongoing interaction, formal exercises, and evaluation among the sectors involved; (3) effective and timely response and communication; and (4) continuous improvements based on new science, technology, experience, and ideas. Public health and medical planning require a complex, multifaceted systematic approach involving federal, state, local, tribal, and territorial governments; private sector organizations; academia; industry; international partners; and individual experts and volunteers. The approach developed by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Nuclear Incident Medical Enterprise (NIME) is the result of efforts from government and nongovernment experts. It is a "bottom-up" systematic approach built on the available and emerging science that considers physical infrastructure damage, the spectrum of injuries, a scarce resources setting, the need for decision making in the face of a rapidly evolving situation with limited information early on, timely communication, and the need for tools and just-in-time information for responders who will likely be unfamiliar with radiation medicine and uncertain and overwhelmed in the face of the large number of casualties and the presence of radioactivity. The components of NIME can be used to support planning for, response to, and recovery from the effects of a nuclear incident. Recognizing that it is a continuous work-in-progress, the current status of the public health and medical preparedness and response for a nuclear incident is provided. Health Phys. 108(2):149-160; 2015</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/20805501" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c9f4b2618a68d01256e9bfb14164e44b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41572187,"asset_id":20805501,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41572187/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42092700" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TimothyLant">Timothy Lant</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="42092700" type="text/json">{"id":42092700,"first_name":"Timothy","last_name":"Lant","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TimothyLant","display_name":"Timothy Lant","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TimothyLant?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/d68ff2a5b8ff3519b3ce339bc040400d?s=65"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-20805501">+3</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-20805501"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/EllieGraeden">Ellie Graeden</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/BertMaidment">Bert Maidment</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/ChadHrdina">Chad Hrdina</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-20805501'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-20805501').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_20805501 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="20805501"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 20805501, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_20805501", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_20805501 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 20805501; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_20805501"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_20805501 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="20805501"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 20805501; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=20805501]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_20805501").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_20805501").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="20805501"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="859" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication">Communication</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="859" type="text/json">{"id":859,"name":"Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1328" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation">Radiation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1328" type="text/json">{"id":1328,"name":"Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8207" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk">Risk</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8207" type="text/json">{"id":8207,"name":"Risk","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="84187" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Federal_Government">Federal Government</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="84187" type="text/json">{"id":84187,"name":"Federal Government","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Federal_Government?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=20805501]'), work: {"id":20805501,"title":"Public Health and Medical Preparedness for a Nuclear Detonation","created_at":"2016-01-25T16:03:45.346-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/20805501/Public_Health_and_Medical_Preparedness_for_a_Nuclear_Detonation?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_20805501","summary":"Resilience and the ability to mitigate the consequences of a nuclear incident are enhanced by (1) effective planning, preparation and training; (2) ongoing interaction, formal exercises, and evaluation among the sectors involved; (3) effective and timely response and communication; and (4) continuous improvements based on new science, technology, experience, and ideas. Public health and medical planning require a complex, multifaceted systematic approach involving federal, state, local, tribal, and territorial governments; private sector organizations; academia; industry; international partners; and individual experts and volunteers. The approach developed by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Nuclear Incident Medical Enterprise (NIME) is the result of efforts from government and nongovernment experts. It is a \"bottom-up\" systematic approach built on the available and emerging science that considers physical infrastructure damage, the spectrum of injuries, a scarce resources setting, the need for decision making in the face of a rapidly evolving situation with limited information early on, timely communication, and the need for tools and just-in-time information for responders who will likely be unfamiliar with radiation medicine and uncertain and overwhelmed in the face of the large number of casualties and the presence of radioactivity. The components of NIME can be used to support planning for, response to, and recovery from the effects of a nuclear incident. Recognizing that it is a continuous work-in-progress, the current status of the public health and medical preparedness and response for a nuclear incident is provided. Health Phys. 108(2):149-160; 2015","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41572187,"asset_id":20805501,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42092700,"first_name":"Timothy","last_name":"Lant","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TimothyLant","display_name":"Timothy Lant","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TimothyLant?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/d68ff2a5b8ff3519b3ce339bc040400d?s=65"},{"id":42199016,"first_name":"Ellie","last_name":"Graeden","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EllieGraeden","display_name":"Ellie Graeden","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EllieGraeden?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":42208265,"first_name":"Bert","last_name":"Maidment","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BertMaidment","display_name":"Bert Maidment","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BertMaidment?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":42370468,"first_name":"Chad","last_name":"Hrdina","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ChadHrdina","display_name":"Chad Hrdina","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ChadHrdina?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":859,"name":"Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":1328,"name":"Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":8207,"name":"Risk","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":84187,"name":"Federal Government","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Federal_Government?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":98134,"name":"United States","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_States?f_ri=132620"},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620"},{"id":190053,"name":"Government Agencies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Government_Agencies?f_ri=132620"},{"id":335365,"name":"Radiometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiometry?f_ri=132620"},{"id":395068,"name":"Health physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_physics?f_ri=132620"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=132620"},{"id":469033,"name":"Radiation Injuries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Injuries?f_ri=132620"},{"id":599219,"name":"Interdisciplinary Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interdisciplinary_Communication?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1033836,"name":"Post Disaster Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Post_Disaster_Planning?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1512198,"name":"Nuclear Warfare","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_Warfare?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_20016904" data-work_id="20016904" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20016904/Deterministic_rather_than_stochastic_factors_explain_most_of_the_variation_in_the_expression_of_skin_telangiectasia_after_radiotherapy">Deterministic rather than stochastic factors explain most of the variation in the expression of skin telangiectasia after radiotherapy</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Background: The large patient-to-patient variability in the grade of normal tissue injury after a standard course of radiotherapy is well established clinically. A better understanding of this individual variation may provide valuable... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_20016904" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background: The large patient-to-patient variability in the grade of normal tissue injury after a standard course of radiotherapy is well established clinically. A better understanding of this individual variation may provide valuable insights into the pathogenesis of radiation damage and the prospects of predicting the outcome. Purpose: To estimate the relative importance of the stochastic vs. patient-related components of variability in the expression of radiation-induced normal tissue damage. Methods and Materials: The study data were selected from the dose fractionation studies of Turesson in Gothenburg. Patients treated with bilateral internal mammary fields, who completed at least 10 years of follow-up, were included. The material included 22 different fractionation schedules (11 on each side). Telangiectasia was graded on an arbitrary 6-point scale using clinical photographs of the irradiated fields. For each field, in each patient, a curve showing the grade of telangiectasia as a function of time was constructed. A measure of radioresponsiveness was obtained from the difference between the area under the curve (AUC) for a specific field in an individual patient minus the mean AUC of fields receiving the same dose fractionation schedule. As a confirmatory procedure, the same analysis was repeated with a weighted area under the curve (WAUC) approach, in which the time spent at or above each of the 5 nonzero grades was calculated for each field in each patient. These times were used as explanatory variables in a linear regression analysis of biological equivalent dose to establish statistically the weight of each grade providing the optimal relationship between dose and effect. Using these regression coefficients, the weighted area under the grade-time curve (WAUC) was estimated. Results: The AUC was significantly correlated with the isoeffective dose in 2-Gy fractions (ID2). An analysis of variance components, using the maximum likelihood method, showed that 90% (with 95% confidence limits 65% and 100%) of the variance in radioresponsiveness in the right-sided field was explained by the radioresponsiveness on the left-sided field. Through the linear regression analysis between the AUC and the ID2, it was estimated that patients with a reaction that is 1 SD from the population mean would require a dose modification of approximately 23 Gy (from the group mean of 56 Gy) to give them a level of reaction similar to the group average. Similarly, the WAUC was significantly correlated with the ID2, and 81% (with 95% confidence limits 49% and 100%) of the variance in radioresponsiveness in the right-sided field was explained by the radioresponsiveness on the left-sided field. Patients with a reaction that is 1 SD from the population mean would require a dose modification of approximately 21 Gy (from the group mean of 56 Gy) to give them a level of reaction similar to the group average. Conclusion: For a given fractionation schedule, patient-related factors explain 81-90% of the patient-to-patient variation in telangiectasia level seen after radiotherapy. The remaining 10 -19% are explained by stochastic effects. This observation encourages further research into genetic or phenotypic assays of normal tissue radioresponsiveness.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/20016904" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="85a3126c3fd2a5a1bbb9cd1d2345f96e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40958612,"asset_id":20016904,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40958612/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="40927928" href="https://uppsala.academia.edu/IngelaTuresson">Ingela Turesson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="40927928" type="text/json">{"id":40927928,"first_name":"Ingela","last_name":"Turesson","domain_name":"uppsala","page_name":"IngelaTuresson","display_name":"Ingela Turesson","profile_url":"https://uppsala.academia.edu/IngelaTuresson?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/40927928/82693119/71302748/s65_ingela.turesson.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_20016904 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="20016904"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 20016904, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_20016904", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_20016904 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 20016904; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_20016904"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_20016904 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="20016904"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 20016904; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=20016904]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_20016904").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_20016904").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="20016904"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="156" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics">Genetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="156" type="text/json">{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6825" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/RADIATION_DAMAGE">RADIATION DAMAGE</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6825" type="text/json">{"id":6825,"name":"RADIATION DAMAGE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/RADIATION_DAMAGE?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="123230" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Regression_Analysis">Regression Analysis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="123230" type="text/json">{"id":123230,"name":"Regression Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Regression_Analysis?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="132620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology">Radiobiology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="132620" type="text/json">{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=20016904]'), work: {"id":20016904,"title":"Deterministic rather than stochastic factors explain most of the variation in the expression of skin telangiectasia after radiotherapy","created_at":"2016-01-04T10:40:35.169-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/20016904/Deterministic_rather_than_stochastic_factors_explain_most_of_the_variation_in_the_expression_of_skin_telangiectasia_after_radiotherapy?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_20016904","summary":"Background: The large patient-to-patient variability in the grade of normal tissue injury after a standard course of radiotherapy is well established clinically. A better understanding of this individual variation may provide valuable insights into the pathogenesis of radiation damage and the prospects of predicting the outcome. Purpose: To estimate the relative importance of the stochastic vs. patient-related components of variability in the expression of radiation-induced normal tissue damage. Methods and Materials: The study data were selected from the dose fractionation studies of Turesson in Gothenburg. Patients treated with bilateral internal mammary fields, who completed at least 10 years of follow-up, were included. The material included 22 different fractionation schedules (11 on each side). Telangiectasia was graded on an arbitrary 6-point scale using clinical photographs of the irradiated fields. For each field, in each patient, a curve showing the grade of telangiectasia as a function of time was constructed. A measure of radioresponsiveness was obtained from the difference between the area under the curve (AUC) for a specific field in an individual patient minus the mean AUC of fields receiving the same dose fractionation schedule. As a confirmatory procedure, the same analysis was repeated with a weighted area under the curve (WAUC) approach, in which the time spent at or above each of the 5 nonzero grades was calculated for each field in each patient. These times were used as explanatory variables in a linear regression analysis of biological equivalent dose to establish statistically the weight of each grade providing the optimal relationship between dose and effect. Using these regression coefficients, the weighted area under the grade-time curve (WAUC) was estimated. Results: The AUC was significantly correlated with the isoeffective dose in 2-Gy fractions (ID2). An analysis of variance components, using the maximum likelihood method, showed that 90% (with 95% confidence limits 65% and 100%) of the variance in radioresponsiveness in the right-sided field was explained by the radioresponsiveness on the left-sided field. Through the linear regression analysis between the AUC and the ID2, it was estimated that patients with a reaction that is 1 SD from the population mean would require a dose modification of approximately 23 Gy (from the group mean of 56 Gy) to give them a level of reaction similar to the group average. Similarly, the WAUC was significantly correlated with the ID2, and 81% (with 95% confidence limits 49% and 100%) of the variance in radioresponsiveness in the right-sided field was explained by the radioresponsiveness on the left-sided field. Patients with a reaction that is 1 SD from the population mean would require a dose modification of approximately 21 Gy (from the group mean of 56 Gy) to give them a level of reaction similar to the group average. Conclusion: For a given fractionation schedule, patient-related factors explain 81-90% of the patient-to-patient variation in telangiectasia level seen after radiotherapy. The remaining 10 -19% are explained by stochastic effects. This observation encourages further research into genetic or phenotypic assays of normal tissue radioresponsiveness.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40958612,"asset_id":20016904,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":40927928,"first_name":"Ingela","last_name":"Turesson","domain_name":"uppsala","page_name":"IngelaTuresson","display_name":"Ingela Turesson","profile_url":"https://uppsala.academia.edu/IngelaTuresson?f_ri=132620","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/40927928/82693119/71302748/s65_ingela.turesson.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":6825,"name":"RADIATION DAMAGE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/RADIATION_DAMAGE?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":123230,"name":"Regression Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Regression_Analysis?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":137516,"name":"Follow-up studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Follow-up_studies?f_ri=132620"},{"id":198377,"name":"Individual variation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Individual_variation?f_ri=132620"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=132620"},{"id":413194,"name":"Analysis of Variance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analysis_of_Variance?f_ri=132620"},{"id":469033,"name":"Radiation Injuries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Injuries?f_ri=132620"},{"id":795003,"name":"Linear Regression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linear_Regression?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1141485,"name":"Area Under the Curve","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Area_Under_the_Curve?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1191613,"name":"Likelihood Functions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Likelihood_Functions?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1228884,"name":"Confidence Limit","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confidence_Limit?f_ri=132620"},{"id":1309706,"name":"Area Under Curve","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Area_Under_Curve?f_ri=132620"},{"id":2102157,"name":"Maximum Likelihood Method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maximum_Likelihood_Method?f_ri=132620"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_19871080" data-work_id="19871080" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19871080/Three_Dimensional_Imaging_Based_Radiobiological_Dosimetry">Three-Dimensional Imaging-Based Radiobiological Dosimetry</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Targeted radionuclide therapy holds promise as a new treatment against cancer. Advances in imaging are making it possible to evaluate the spatial distribution of radioactivity in tumors and normal organs over time. Matched anatomical... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_19871080" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Targeted radionuclide therapy holds promise as a new treatment against cancer. Advances in imaging are making it possible to evaluate the spatial distribution of radioactivity in tumors and normal organs over time. Matched anatomical imaging such as combined SPECT/CT and PET/CT have also made it possible to obtain tissue density information in conjunction with the radioactivity distribution. Coupled with sophisticated iterative reconstruction algorithims, these advances have made it possible to perform highly patient-specific dosimetry that also incorporates radiobiological modeling. Such sophisticated dosimetry techniques are still in the research investigation phase. Given the attendant logistical and financial costs, a demonstrated improvement in patient care will be a prerequisite for the adoption of such highly-patient specific internal dosimetry methods.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/19871080" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4ee5da7511ecf908dcdd3813284443a4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41227995,"asset_id":19871080,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41227995/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="40681459" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FreyEric">Eric Frey</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="40681459" type="text/json">{"id":40681459,"first_name":"Eric","last_name":"Frey","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FreyEric","display_name":"Eric Frey","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FreyEric?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_19871080 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="19871080"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 19871080, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_19871080", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_19871080 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 19871080; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_19871080"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_19871080 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="19871080"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 19871080; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=19871080]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_19871080").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_19871080").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="19871080"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="123287" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Three_Dimensional_Imaging">Three Dimensional Imaging</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="123287" type="text/json">{"id":123287,"name":"Three Dimensional Imaging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Three_Dimensional_Imaging?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="132620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology">Radiobiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="132620" type="text/json">{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="244814" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences">Clinical Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="244814" type="text/json">{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="335365" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiometry">Radiometry</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="335365" type="text/json">{"id":335365,"name":"Radiometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiometry?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=19871080]'), work: {"id":19871080,"title":"Three-Dimensional Imaging-Based Radiobiological Dosimetry","created_at":"2015-12-28T09:03:03.342-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/19871080/Three_Dimensional_Imaging_Based_Radiobiological_Dosimetry?f_ri=132620","dom_id":"work_19871080","summary":"Targeted radionuclide therapy holds promise as a new treatment against cancer. Advances in imaging are making it possible to evaluate the spatial distribution of radioactivity in tumors and normal organs over time. Matched anatomical imaging such as combined SPECT/CT and PET/CT have also made it possible to obtain tissue density information in conjunction with the radioactivity distribution. Coupled with sophisticated iterative reconstruction algorithims, these advances have made it possible to perform highly patient-specific dosimetry that also incorporates radiobiological modeling. Such sophisticated dosimetry techniques are still in the research investigation phase. Given the attendant logistical and financial costs, a demonstrated improvement in patient care will be a prerequisite for the adoption of such highly-patient specific internal dosimetry methods.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41227995,"asset_id":19871080,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":40681459,"first_name":"Eric","last_name":"Frey","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FreyEric","display_name":"Eric Frey","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FreyEric?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":123287,"name":"Three Dimensional Imaging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Three_Dimensional_Imaging?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":132620,"name":"Radiobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiobiology?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true},{"id":335365,"name":"Radiometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiometry?f_ri=132620","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_16598720" data-work_id="16598720" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/16598720/Enhancement_of_radiation_effect_by_heavy_elements">Enhancement of radiation effect by heavy elements</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" 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work_11590500" data-work_id="11590500" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11590500/The_Importance_of_Dosimetry_Standardization_in_Radiobiology">The Importance of Dosimetry Standardization in Radiobiology</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Radiation dose is central to much of radiobiological research. Precision and accuracy of dose measurements and reporting of the measurement details should be sufficient to allow the work to be interpreted and repeated and to allow valid... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11590500" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Radiation dose is central to much of radiobiological research. Precision and accuracy of dose measurements and reporting of the measurement details should be sufficient to allow the work to be interpreted and repeated and to allow valid comparisons to be made, both in the same laboratory and by other laboratories. Despite this, a careful reading of published manuscripts suggests that measurement and reporting of radiation dosimetry and setup for radiobiology research is frequently inadequate, thus undermining the reliability and reproducibility of the findings. To address these problems and propose a course of action, the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) brought together representatives of the radiobiology and radiation physics communities in a workshop in September, 2011. The workshop participants arrived at a number of specific recommendations as enumerated in this paper and they expressed the desirability of creating dosimetry standard operating procedures (SOPs) for cell culture and for small and large animal experiments. It was also felt that these SOPs would be most useful if they are made widely available through mechanism(s) such as the web, where they can provide guidance to both radiobiologists and radiation physicists, be cited in publications, and be updated as the field and needs evolve. Other broad areas covered were the need for continuing education through tutorials at national conferences, and for journals to establish standards for reporting dosimetry. This workshop did not address issues of dosimetry for studies involving radiation focused at the sub-cellular level, internally-administered radionuclides, biodosimetry based on biological markers of radiation exposure, or dose reconstruction for epidemiological studies.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11590500" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1e570f50c79cd1a62084769cfc35adb6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37073176,"asset_id":11590500,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37073176/download_file?st=MTczOTg0MTExNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="28300799" href="https://independent.academia.edu/matheussoares13">matheus soares</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="28300799" type="text/json">{"id":28300799,"first_name":"matheus","last_name":"soares","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"matheussoares13","display_name":"matheus soares","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/matheussoares13?f_ri=132620","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11590500 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11590500"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11590500, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11590500", }); 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Precision and accuracy of dose measurements and reporting of the measurement details should be sufficient to allow the work to be interpreted and repeated and to allow valid comparisons to be made, both in the same laboratory and by other laboratories. Despite this, a careful reading of published manuscripts suggests that measurement and reporting of radiation dosimetry and setup for radiobiology research is frequently inadequate, thus undermining the reliability and reproducibility of the findings. To address these problems and propose a course of action, the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) brought together representatives of the radiobiology and radiation physics communities in a workshop in September, 2011. 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