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Hayes</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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.navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Walter I. Hayes</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Walter_I._Hayes.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Walter_I._Hayes.jpeg" decoding="async" width="175" height="228" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="175" data-file-height="228" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <span style="display: inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a></span><br />from <a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a> district</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />March 4, 1887 – March 3, 1895</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_H._Murphy" title="Jeremiah H. Murphy">Jeremiah H. Murphy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_M._Curtis_(Iowa_politician)" title="George M. Curtis (Iowa politician)">George M. Curtis</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1841-12-09</span>)</span>December 9, 1841<br /><a href="/wiki/Marshall,_Michigan" title="Marshall, Michigan">Marshall, Michigan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">March 14, 1901<span style="display:none">(1901-03-14)</span> (aged 59)<br /><a href="/wiki/Marshall,_Michigan" title="Marshall, Michigan">Marshall, Michigan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Democratic_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Democratic Party">Democratic Party</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">University of Michigan</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Walter Ingalls Hayes</b> (December 9, 1841 – March 14, 1901) was a four-term <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. Representative</a> from <a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 2nd congressional district">Iowa's 2nd congressional district</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Gilded_Age" title="Gilded Age">Gilded Age</a>. </p><p>Hayes was born in <a href="/wiki/Marshall,_Michigan" title="Marshall, Michigan">Marshall, Michigan</a>. He attended the <a href="/wiki/Common_schools" class="mw-redirect" title="Common schools">common schools</a> and graduated from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan_Law_School" title="University of Michigan Law School">University of Michigan Law School</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ann_Arbor,_Michigan" title="Ann Arbor, Michigan">Ann Arbor</a> in 1863, and was <a href="/wiki/Admission_to_the_bar_in_the_United_States" title="Admission to the bar in the United States">admitted to the bar</a> the same year. Hayes commenced practice in Marshall and in 1864 and 1865 held the positions of Marshall <a href="/wiki/City_attorney" title="City attorney">city attorney</a> and United States commissioner for the eastern district of Michigan. </p><p>Hayes relocating to <a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a> as the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a> came to an end. He served as United States commissioner for Iowa from 1865 to 1875 and was city solicitor of <a href="/wiki/Clinton,_Iowa" title="Clinton, Iowa">Clinton, Iowa</a>, in 1870. Hayes was the district judge of the seventh judicial district of Iowa from 1875 to 1887. In that capacity, in 1882 he presided over one of the most important cases in the state of that era, in which liquor merchants challenged the enforceability of the 1882 amendment to the Iowa Constitution requiring <a href="/wiki/Prohibition" title="Prohibition">prohibition</a>. Hayes declared the amendment unconstitutional on procedural grounds, based on the failure of the law to pass both houses of the <a href="/wiki/Iowa_General_Assembly" title="Iowa General Assembly">Iowa General Assembly</a> in identical form.<sup id="cite_ref-gue_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gue-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Iowa Supreme Court affirmed Hayes' ruling,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but in the next session the Iowa General Assembly adopted prohibition, by statute, in a constitutional fashion.<sup id="cite_ref-gue_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gue-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though the bill had been re-submitted, passed and Hayes' ruling had been approved by the Iowa Supreme Court, Hayes was impeached for malfeasance and misdemeanors and removed from office.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hayes then served as delegate to the <a href="/wiki/1884_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1884 Democratic National Convention">1884 Democratic National Convention</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Frances_Coan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Frances_Coan.jpg/220px-Frances_Coan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Frances_Coan.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="306" data-file-height="408" /></a><figcaption>Frances Coan</figcaption></figure> <p>He married Frances Coan, a native of New York. She was the eldest of a family of five children. Her father, who was an energetic businessman, moved with his family to Clinton, Iowa, where he established the First National Lank. Coan first met Hayes when she was visiting friends in Michigan, and they were married in less than a year. Several of Coan's relatives are missionaries, and she was a member of the Presbyterian Church.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1886, Hayes wrested the Democratic nomination for the 2nd district away from incumbent <a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Henry_Murphy" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeremiah Henry Murphy">Jeremiah Henry Murphy</a>. To enhance the chances for Iowa Republicans to hold all other Congressional seats in Iowa, the state's General Assembly had included many of the most Democratic-leaning areas of eastern Iowa in a single district (the second). Hayes won the general election that year and represented the 2nd district in the <a href="/wiki/50th_United_States_Congress" title="50th United States Congress">50th United States Congress</a>. He was also elected to the three succeeding Congresses. However, in 1894, when seeking a fifth term, Hayes was defeated in the general election by Republican <a href="/wiki/George_M._Curtis_(Iowa_politician)" title="George M. Curtis (Iowa politician)">George M. Curtis</a>. Between the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a>, Hayes was the only Democratic congressman from Iowa to serve more than two terms, and (along with Murphy) was one of only two who served two full terms. </p><p>While in Congress, Hayes served as chairman of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Education_and_Labor" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Committee on Education and Labor">Committee on Education</a> in the <a href="/wiki/52nd_United_States_Congress" title="52nd United States Congress">Fifty-second</a> Congress. In all, he served in Congress from March 4, 1887, to March 3, 1895. </p><p>After leaving Congress, Hayes resumed the practice of law in Clinton. He served as a member of the <a href="/wiki/Iowa_House_of_Representatives" title="Iowa House of Representatives">Iowa House of Representatives</a> in 1897 and 1898, replacing <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nathaniel_Anson_Merrell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nathaniel Anson Merrell (page does not exist)">Nathaniel Anson Merrell</a> of <a href="/wiki/Iowa_House_of_Representatives,_District_45" class="mw-redirect" title="Iowa House of Representatives, District 45">District 45</a>, who had died in office.<sup id="cite_ref-iaga_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iaga-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He died in <a href="/wiki/Marshall,_Michigan" title="Marshall, Michigan">Marshall, Michigan</a>, on March 14, 1901. He was interred in Springdale Cemetery in Clinton. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_I._Hayes&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-gue-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gue_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gue_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Benjamin F. Gue, <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:History_of_Iowa_From_the_Earliest_Times_to_the_Beginning_of_the_Twentieth_Century_Volume_3.djvu/151" class="extiw" title="s:Page:History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century Volume 3.djvu/151">"History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century, Vol. 3"</a>, pp. 115, 131 (1902).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Koehler & Lange v. Hill</i>, 60 Iowa 543, 568 (1883).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:History_of_Iowa_From_the_Earliest_Times_to_the_Beginning_of_the_Twentieth_Century_Volume_3.djvu/151">"Page:History_of_Iowa_From_the_Earliest_Times_to_the_Beginning_of_the_Twentieth_Century_Volume_3.djvu/151"</a>. wikisource.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Page%3AHistory_of_Iowa_From_the_Earliest_Times_to_the_Beginning_of_the_Twentieth_Century_Volume_3.djvu%2F151&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FPage%3AHistory_of_Iowa_From_the_Earliest_Times_to_the_Beginning_of_the_Twentieth_Century_Volume_3.djvu%2F151&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWalter+I.+Hayes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIowa,_General_Assembly,_House_of_Representatives1886" class="citation news cs1">Iowa, General Assembly, House of Representatives (1886). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JMglAQAAIAAJ&q=IOWA+Judge+Walter+I.+Hayes.+IMPEACHED&pg=PA796">"Journal of the House of the General Assembly of the State of Iowa"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Journal+of+the+House+of+the+General+Assembly+of+the+State+of+Iowa&rft.date=1886&rft.au=Iowa%2C+General+Assembly%2C+House+of+Representatives&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJMglAQAAIAAJ%26q%3DIOWA%2BJudge%2BWalter%2BI.%2BHayes.%2BIMPEACHED%26pg%3DPA796&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWalter+I.+Hayes" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFW._H._Michael1893" class="citation news cs1">W. H. Michael (1893). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VMhFAQAAMAAJ&q=Walter+I.+Hayes+Iowa+Judge+impeached&pg=RA3-PA40">"Fifty Third Official Congressional Directory"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Fifty+Third+Official+Congressional+Directory&rft.date=1893&rft.au=W.+H.+Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVMhFAQAAMAAJ%26q%3DWalter%2BI.%2BHayes%2BIowa%2BJudge%2Bimpeached%26pg%3DRA3-PA40&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWalter+I.+Hayes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHinman1895" class="citation book cs1">Hinman, Ida (1895). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cu31924081310785"><i>The Washington Sketch Book</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Washington+Sketch+Book&rft.date=1895&rft.aulast=Hinman&rft.aufirst=Ida&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcu31924081310785&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWalter+I.+Hayes" class="Z3988"></span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-iaga-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-iaga_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.legis.iowa.gov/legislators/legislator?ga=26&personID=16954">"Representative Walter I. Hayes"</a>. Iowa General Assembly<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 8,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Representative+Walter+I.+Hayes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.legis.iowa.gov%2Flegislators%2Flegislator%3Fga%3D26%26personID%3D16954&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWalter+I.+Hayes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States_CongressH000394" class="citation web cs1">United States Congress. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=H000394">"Walter I. Hayes (id: H000394)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Biographical+Directory+of+the+United+States+Congress&rft.atitle=Walter+I.+Hayes+%28id%3A+H000394%29&rft.au=United+States+Congress&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DH000394&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWalter+I.+Hayes" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_H._Murphy" title="Jeremiah H. Murphy">Jeremiah H. Murphy</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Iowa" title="List of United States representatives from Iowa">U.S. House of Representatives</a> <br />from <span data-sort-value="Iowa02 !"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 2nd congressional district">Iowa's 2nd congressional district</a></span> </b><br />March 4, 1887 – March 3, 1895 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/George_M._Curtis_(Iowa_politician)" title="George M. Curtis (Iowa politician)">George M. Curtis</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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id="Chairs_of_the_United_States_House_Committee_on_Education_and_the_Workforce" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Education_and_the_Workforce" title="United States House Committee on Education and the Workforce">Chairs of the United States House Committee on Education and the Workforce</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education and Labor <br /> (1867–1883)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jehu_Baker" title="Jehu Baker">Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Fenton_Cary" title="Samuel Fenton Cary">Cary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Mayes_Arnell" title="Samuel Mayes Arnell">Arnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legrand_W._Perce" title="Legrand W. Perce">Perce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Monroe_(Ohio_politician)" title="James Monroe (Ohio politician)">Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Carlton_Walker" class="mw-redirect" title="Gilbert Carlton Walker">Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Goode_(Virginia_politician)" title="John Goode (Virginia politician)">Goode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_T._Updegraff" title="Jonathan T. Updegraff">Updegraff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Sherwin" title="John C. Sherwin">Sherwin</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the United States House of Representatives"><img alt="Seal of the United States House of Representatives" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/90px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/135px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/180px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education <br /> (1883–1947)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D._Wyatt_Aiken" title="D. Wyatt Aiken">Aiken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_D._Candler" title="Allen D. Candler">Candler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_O%27Donnell_(politician)" title="James O'Donnell (politician)">O'Donnell</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_B._Brunner" title="David B. Brunner">Brunner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_A._Enloe" title="Benjamin A. Enloe">Enloe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galusha_A._Grow" title="Galusha A. Grow">Grow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_N._Southwick" title="George N. Southwick">Southwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_F._Burke_(politician)" title="James F. Burke (politician)">Burke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asbury_Francis_Lever" class="mw-redirect" title="Asbury Francis Lever">Lever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudley_Mays_Hughes" class="mw-redirect" title="Dudley Mays Hughes">Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Sears" title="William J. Sears">Sears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simeon_D._Fess" title="Simeon D. Fess">Fess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_W._Dallinger" title="Frederick W. Dallinger">Dallinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_A._Reed_(politician)" title="Daniel A. Reed (politician)">Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Douglass" title="John J. Douglass">Douglass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_L._Palmisano" title="Vincent L. Palmisano">Palmisano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Larrabee_(Indiana)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Larrabee (Indiana)">Larrabee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Arthur_Barden" class="mw-redirect" title="Graham Arthur Barden">Barden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Labor <br /> (1883–1947)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Herron_Hopkins" title="James Herron Hopkins">Hopkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Joseph_O%27Neill_(U.S._politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Joseph O'Neill (U.S. politician)">O'Neill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Wade" title="William H. Wade">Wade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Charles_Tarsney" class="mw-redirect" title="John Charles Tarsney">Tarsney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_E._McGann" title="Lawrence E. McGann">McGann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Wharton_Phillips" title="Thomas Wharton Phillips">Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Gardner" title="John J. Gardner">Gardner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bauchop_Wilson" class="mw-redirect" title="William Bauchop Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_John_Lewis" title="David John Lewis">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_P._Maher" title="James P. Maher">Maher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._C._Smith" title="John M. C. Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_I._Nolan" title="John I. Nolan">Nolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Nicholas_Zihlman" title="Frederick Nicholas Zihlman">Zihlman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_F._Kopp" title="William F. Kopp">Kopp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_J._Welch" title="Richard J. Welch">Welch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Connery_Jr." title="William P. Connery Jr.">Connery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Teresa_Norton" title="Mary Teresa Norton">Norton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education and Labor* <br /> (1947–)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fred_A._Hartley_Jr." title="Fred A. Hartley Jr.">Hartley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lesinski_Sr." title="John Lesinski Sr.">Lesinski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Arthur_Barden" class="mw-redirect" title="Graham Arthur Barden">Barden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_K._McConnell_Jr." title="Samuel K. McConnell Jr.">McConnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Arthur_Barden" class="mw-redirect" title="Graham Arthur Barden">Barden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Clayton_Powell_Jr." title="Adam Clayton Powell Jr.">Powell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_D._Perkins" title="Carl D. Perkins">Perkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_Hawkins" title="Augustus Hawkins">Hawkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_D._Ford" title="William D. Ford">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Goodling" title="Bill Goodling">Goodling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Boehner" title="John Boehner">Boehner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buck_McKeon" title="Buck McKeon">McKeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Miller_(California_politician)" title="George Miller (California politician)">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kline_(politician)" title="John Kline (politician)">Kline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Foxx" title="Virginia Foxx">Foxx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Scott_(politician)" title="Bobby Scott (politician)">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Foxx" title="Virginia Foxx">Foxx</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Note</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><sup>*</sup> Alternately named <b>Economic and Educational Opportunities</b> in 104th Congress and <b>Education and the Workforce</b> in 105th through 109th and 112th through 115th Congresses.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives_from_Iowa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_representatives_from_Iowa" title="Template:United States representatives from Iowa"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_representatives_from_Iowa" title="Template talk:United States representatives from Iowa"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_representatives_from_Iowa" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States representatives from Iowa"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives_from_Iowa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Iowa#United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States congressional delegations from Iowa">Members of the U.S. House of Representatives from Iowa</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 1st congressional district">1st</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Thompson_(Iowa_politician)" title="William Thompson (Iowa politician)">W. Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_F._Miller" title="Daniel F. Miller">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernhart_Henn" title="Bernhart Henn">Henn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_Hall" title="Augustus Hall">A. Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Ryan_Curtis" title="Samuel Ryan Curtis">S. Curtis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_F._Wilson" title="James F. Wilson">J. F. Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._McCrary" title="George W. McCrary">McCrary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Champlin_Stone" title="Joseph Champlin Stone">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_A._McCoid" title="Moses A. McCoid">McCoid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benton_Jay_Hall" title="Benton Jay Hall">B. Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_H._Gear" title="John H. Gear">Gear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Joseph_Seerley" class="mw-redirect" title="John Joseph Seerley">Seerley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_H._Gear" title="John H. Gear">Gear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_M._Clark" title="Samuel M. Clark">S. Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hedge" title="Thomas Hedge">Hedge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Kennedy" title="Charles A. Kennedy">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_F._Kopp" title="William F. Kopp">Kopp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_C._Eicher" title="Edward C. Eicher">Eicher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._Martin" title="Thomas E. Martin">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Schwengel" title="Fred Schwengel">Schwengel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._Schmidhauser" title="John R. Schmidhauser">Schmidhauser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Schwengel" title="Fred Schwengel">Schwengel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Mezvinsky" title="Edward Mezvinsky">Mezvinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Leach" title="Jim Leach">Leach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Nussle" title="Jim Nussle">Nussle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Braley" title="Bruce Braley">Braley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_Blum" title="Rod Blum">Blum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abby_Finkenauer" title="Abby Finkenauer">Finkenauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashley_Hinson" title="Ashley Hinson">Hinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariannette_Miller-Meeks" title="Mariannette Miller-Meeks">Miller-Meeks</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="13" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></span></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Iowa.svg/100px-Flag_of_Iowa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Iowa.svg/150px-Flag_of_Iowa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Iowa.svg/200px-Flag_of_Iowa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="714" data-file-height="477" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shepherd_Leffler" title="Shepherd Leffler">Leffler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Clark" title="Lincoln Clark">L. Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Parsons_Cook" title="John Parsons Cook">J. P. Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Thorington" title="James Thorington">Thorington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Davis_(Iowa_politician)" title="Timothy Davis (Iowa politician)">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Vandever" title="William Vandever">Vandever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiram_Price" title="Hiram Price">Price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Smyth_(congressman)" title="William Smyth (congressman)">Smyth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Wolf" title="William P. Wolf">W. Wolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aylett_R._Cotton" title="Aylett R. Cotton">Cotton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Q._Tufts" title="John Q. Tufts">Tufts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiram_Price" title="Hiram Price">Price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewall_S._Farwell" title="Sewall S. Farwell">Farwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Henry_Murphy" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeremiah Henry Murphy">Murphy</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_M._Curtis_(Iowa_politician)" title="George M. Curtis (Iowa politician)">G. Curtis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_R._Lane" title="Joseph R. Lane">Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_N._W._Rumple" title="John N. W. Rumple">Rumple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Joseph_Wade" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin Joseph Wade">Wade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_F._Dawson" title="Albert F. Dawson">Dawson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irvin_S._Pepper" title="Irvin S. Pepper">Pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Vollmer" title="Henry Vollmer">Vollmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_E._Hull" title="Harry E. Hull">Hull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._Dickinson_Letts" title="F. Dickinson Letts">Letts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernhard_M._Jacobsen" title="Bernhard M. Jacobsen">B. Jacobsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_S._Jacobsen" title="William S. Jacobsen">W. Jacobsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_O._Talle" title="Henry O. Talle">Talle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_G._Wolf" title="Leonard G. Wolf">L. Wolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_E._Bromwell" title="James E. Bromwell">Bromwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Culver" title="John Culver">Culver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Blouin" title="Mike Blouin">Blouin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Tauke" title="Tom Tauke">Tauke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Nussle" title="Jim Nussle">Nussle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Leach" title="Jim Leach">Leach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Loebsack" title="Dave Loebsack">Loebsack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariannette_Miller-Meeks" title="Mariannette Miller-Meeks">Miller-Meeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashley_Hinson" title="Ashley Hinson">Hinson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Allison" title="William B. Allison">Allison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_G._Donnan" title="William G. Donnan">Donnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_Lester_Ainsworth" title="Lucien Lester Ainsworth">Ainsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Weld_Burdick" title="Theodore Weld Burdick">Burdick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Updegraff" title="Thomas Updegraff">Updegraff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_B._Henderson" title="David B. Henderson">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_P._Birdsall" title="Benjamin P. Birdsall">Birdsall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Pickett" title="Charles E. Pickett">Pickett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Connolly" title="Maurice Connolly">Connolly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burton_E._Sweet" title="Burton E. Sweet">Sweet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._B._Robinson" title="Thomas J. B. Robinson">Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_C._Willford" title="Albert C. Willford">Willford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Gwynne" title="John W. Gwynne">Gwynne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._R._Gross" title="H. R. Gross">Gross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Grassley" title="Chuck Grassley">Grassley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._Cooper_Evans" title="T. Cooper Evans">Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_R._Nagle" title="David R. Nagle">Nagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Ross_Lightfoot" title="Jim Ross Lightfoot">Lightfoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Boswell" title="Leonard Boswell">Boswell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Latham_(politician)" title="Tom Latham (politician)">Latham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Young_(Iowa_politician)" title="David Young (Iowa politician)">Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cindy_Axne" title="Cindy Axne">Axne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zach_Nunn" title="Zach Nunn">Nunn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 4th congressional district">4th</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Bushnell_Grinnell" class="mw-redirect" title="Josiah Bushnell Grinnell">Grinnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Loughridge" title="William Loughridge">Loughridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Miner_Walden" title="Madison Miner Walden">Walden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Otis_Pratt" title="Henry Otis Pratt">Pratt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Cobb_Deering" title="Nathaniel Cobb Deering">Deering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luman_Hamlin_Weller" title="Luman Hamlin Weller">Weller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Fuller" title="William E. Fuller">Fuller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Henry_Sweney" title="Joseph Henry Sweney">Sweney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Halben_Butler" class="mw-redirect" title="Walter Halben Butler">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Updegraff" title="Thomas Updegraff">Updegraff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_N._Haugen" title="Gilbert N. Haugen">Haugen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Biermann" title="Fred Biermann">Biermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_O._Talle" title="Henry O. Talle">Talle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_M._LeCompte" title="Karl M. LeCompte">LeCompte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_V._Carter" title="Steven V. Carter">Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Kyl" title="John Henry Kyl">Kyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bert_Bandstra" title="Bert Bandstra">Bandstra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Kyl" title="John Henry Kyl">Kyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neal_Smith_(politician)" title="Neal Smith (politician)">N. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Ganske" title="Greg Ganske">Ganske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Latham_(politician)" title="Tom Latham (politician)">Latham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_King" title="Steve King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randy_Feenstra" title="Randy Feenstra">Feenstra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 5th congressional district">5th</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Kasson" title="John A. Kasson">Kasson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenville_M._Dodge" title="Grenville M. Dodge">G. Dodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_W._Palmer" title="Francis W. Palmer">Palmer </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Wilson_(Secretary_of_Agriculture)" title="James Wilson (Secretary of Agriculture)">J. Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rush_Clark" title="Rush Clark">R. Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_George_Thompson" title="William George Thompson">W. G. Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Wilson_(Secretary_of_Agriculture)" title="James Wilson (Secretary of Agriculture)">J. Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_T._Frederick" title="Benjamin T. Frederick">Frederick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Kerr_(politician)" title="Daniel Kerr (politician)">Kerr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Taylor_Hamilton" title="John Taylor Hamilton">J. Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_G._Cousins" title="Robert G. Cousins">Cousins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_William_Good" class="mw-redirect" title="James William Good">Good</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrenus_Cole" title="Cyrenus Cole">Cole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Thurston" title="Lloyd Thurston">Thurston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_M._LeCompte" title="Karl M. LeCompte">LeCompte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Cunningham_(politician)" title="Paul Cunningham (politician)">Cunningham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neal_Smith_(politician)" title="Neal Smith (politician)">N. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Scherle" title="William J. Scherle">Scherle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Harkin" title="Tom Harkin">Harkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Ross_Lightfoot" title="Jim Ross Lightfoot">Lightfoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Grandy" title="Fred Grandy">Grandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Latham_(politician)" title="Tom Latham (politician)">Latham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_King" title="Steve King">King</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 6th congressional district">6th</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asahel_W._Hubbard" title="Asahel W. Hubbard">A. Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Pomeroy" title="Charles Pomeroy">Pomeroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_Orr" title="Jackson Orr">Orr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Loughridge" title="William Loughridge">Loughridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezekiel_S._Sampson" title="Ezekiel S. Sampson">Sampson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Weaver" title="James B. Weaver">Weaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marsena_E._Cutts" title="Marsena E. Cutts">Cutts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Cook" title="John C. Cook">J. C. Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marsena_E._Cutts" title="Marsena E. Cutts">Cutts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Cook" title="John C. Cook">J. C. Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Weaver" title="James B. Weaver">Weaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Lacey" title="John F. Lacey">Lacey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Edward_White" title="Frederick Edward White">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Lacey" title="John F. Lacey">Lacey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_W._Hamilton_(politician)" title="Daniel W. Hamilton (politician)">D. Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_E._Kendall" title="Nathan E. Kendall">Kendall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanford_Kirkpatrick" title="Sanford Kirkpatrick">Kirkpatrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._William_Ramseyer" title="C. William Ramseyer">Ramseyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_C._Dowell" title="Cassius C. Dowell">Dowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Utterback" title="Hubert Utterback">Utterback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_C._Dowell" title="Cassius C. Dowell">Dowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_K._Goodwin" title="Robert K. Goodwin">Goodwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Cunningham_(politician)" title="Paul Cunningham (politician)">Cunningham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_C._Gilchrist" title="Fred C. Gilchrist">Gilchrist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_I._Dolliver" title="James I. Dolliver">J. I. Dolliver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merwin_Coad" title="Merwin Coad">Coad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_B._Hoeven" title="Charles B. Hoeven">Hoeven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_L._Greigg" title="Stanley L. Greigg">Greigg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiley_Mayne" title="Wiley Mayne">Mayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berkley_Bedell" title="Berkley Bedell">Bedell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Grandy" title="Fred Grandy">Grandy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 7th congressional district">7th</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Kasson" title="John A. Kasson">Kasson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_J._B._Cummings" title="Henry J. B. Cummings">Cummings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_H._Gillette" title="Edward H. Gillette">E. Gillette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Kasson" title="John A. Kasson">Kasson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiram_Y._Smith" title="Hiram Y. Smith">H. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_H._Conger" title="Edwin H. Conger">Conger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_R._Hays" title="Edward R. Hays">Hays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._T._Hull" title="John A. T. Hull">Hull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_F._Prouty" title="Solomon F. Prouty">Prouty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_C._Dowell" title="Cassius C. Dowell">Dowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otha_Wearin" title="Otha Wearin">Wearin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_F._Jensen" title="Ben F. Jensen">Jensen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._Hansen" title="John R. Hansen">Hansen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Scherle" title="William J. Scherle">Scherle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 8th congressional district">8th</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_W._McDill" title="James W. McDill">McDill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Fletcher_Sapp" title="William Fletcher Sapp">Sapp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Peters_Hepburn" class="mw-redirect" title="William Peters Hepburn">Hepburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_R._Anderson" title="Albert R. Anderson">Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Patton_Flick" class="mw-redirect" title="James Patton Flick">Flick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Peters_Hepburn" class="mw-redirect" title="William Peters Hepburn">Hepburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Darius_Jamieson" title="William Darius Jamieson">Jamieson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_Mann_Towner" class="mw-redirect" title="Horace Mann Towner">Towner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiram_Kinsman_Evans" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiram Kinsman Evans">Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Thurston" title="Lloyd Thurston">Thurston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_C._Gilchrist" title="Fred C. Gilchrist">Gilchrist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_B._Hoeven" title="Charles B. Hoeven">Hoeven</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_9th_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 9th congressional district">9th</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_Orr" title="Jackson Orr">Orr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._Addison_Oliver" title="S. Addison Oliver">Oliver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrus_C._Carpenter" title="Cyrus C. Carpenter">Carpenter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Mills_Pusey" class="mw-redirect" title="William Henry Mills Pusey">Pusey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lyman" title="Joseph Lyman">Lyman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Rea_Reed" title="Joseph Rea Reed">Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bowman_(Iowa_politician)" title="Thomas Bowman (Iowa politician)">Bowman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alva_L._Hager" title="Alva L. Hager">Hager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_McPherson" title="Smith McPherson">McPherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_I._Smith" title="Walter I. Smith">W. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_R._Green" title="William R. Green">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_W._Vincent" title="Earl W. Vincent">Vincent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Edward_Swanson" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Edward Swanson">Swanson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Gillette" title="Guy Gillette">G. Gillette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_F._Harrington" title="Vincent F. Harrington">Harrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_E._Narey" title="Harry E. Narey">Narey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_10th_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 10th congressional district">10th</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adoniram_J._Holmes" title="Adoniram J. Holmes">Holmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_P._Dolliver" title="Jonathan P. Dolliver">J. P. Dolliver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Perry_Conner" class="mw-redirect" title="James Perry Conner">Conner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_P._Woods" title="Frank P. Woods">Woods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._J._Dickinson" title="L. J. Dickinson">Dickinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_C._Gilchrist" title="Fred C. Gilchrist">Gilchrist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_11th_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 11th congressional district">11th</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_S._Struble" title="Isaac S. Struble">Struble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_D._Perkins" title="George D. Perkins">Perkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lot_Thomas" title="Lot Thomas">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbert_H._Hubbard" title="Elbert H. Hubbard">E. Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Cromwell_Scott" title="George Cromwell Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Steele" title="Thomas J. Steele">Steele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Cromwell_Scott" title="George Cromwell Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_D._Boies" title="William D. Boies">Boies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_H._Campbell" title="Ed H. Campbell">Campbell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="IowaAL !"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Iowa's at-large congressional district">AL</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Serranus_Clinton_Hastings" title="Serranus Clinton Hastings">Hastings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shepherd_Leffler" title="Shepherd Leffler">Leffler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa_Territory" title="Iowa Territory">Terr</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_W._Chapman" title="William W. Chapman">Chapman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_C._Dodge" title="Augustus C. Dodge">A. Dodge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates <a href="/wiki/Copyright_status_of_works_by_the_federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Copyright status of works by the federal government of the United States">public domain material</a> from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2544863#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2544863#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2544863#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/106846048">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJjmVBg6T4gMrkBqHFkqwC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2010002050">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=H000394">US Congress</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6z62dzv">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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