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data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Pratélaning isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">lih menyang wilah sisih</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">dhelikaké</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Wiwitan</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Cabang_utama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cabang_utama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Cabang utama</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cabang_utama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pratélan_sapérangan_topik_utama_Èlmu_Bumi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pratélan_sapérangan_topik_utama_Èlmu_Bumi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Pratélan sapérangan topik utama Èlmu Bumi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Pratélan_sapérangan_topik_utama_Èlmu_Bumi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Pratélan sapérangan topik utama Èlmu Bumi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Pratélan_sapérangan_topik_utama_Èlmu_Bumi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Atmosfer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Atmosfer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Atmosfer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Atmosfer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biosfer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biosfer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Biosfer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biosfer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hydrosfer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hydrosfer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Hydrosfer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hydrosfer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lithosfer_utawa_geosfer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lithosfer_utawa_geosfer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Lithosfer utawa geosfer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lithosfer_utawa_geosfer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pedosfer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pedosfer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Pedosfer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pedosfer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sistem" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sistem"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Sistem</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sistem-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liyané" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liyané"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Liyané</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liyané-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Pratélaning isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Èlmu bumi</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ngalih menyang artikel jroning basa liya. Ana 122 basa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-122" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">122 basa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aardwetenskap" title="Aardwetenskap – Afrika" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Aardwetenskap" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencias_d%27a_Tierra" title="Ciencias d'a Tierra – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Ciencias d'a Tierra" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%B6" title="علوم الأرض – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="علوم الأرض" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%82-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="ভূ-বিজ্ঞান – Assam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ভূ-বিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencies_de_la_Tierra" title="Ciencies de la Tierra – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ciencies de la Tierra" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yer_haqq%C4%B1nda_elml%C9%99r" title="Yer haqqında elmlər – Azerbaijan" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Yer haqqında elmlər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%80%D2%99%D0%B5_%D3%A9%D0%B9%D1%80%D3%99%D0%BD%D0%B5%D2%AF%D1%81%D0%B5_%D1%84%D3%99%D0%BD%D0%B4%D3%99%D1%80" title="Ерҙе өйрәнеүсе фәндәр – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ерҙе өйрәнеүсе фәндәр" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muokslos_api_%C5%BDem%C4%97" title="Muokslos api Žemė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Muokslos api Žemė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D0%97%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Навукі аб Зямлі – Belarus" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Навукі аб Зямлі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%97%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%BB%D1%8E" title="Навукі пра Зямлю – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Навукі пра Зямлю" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Науки за Земята – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Науки за Земята" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="पृथ्वी बिज्ञान – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="पृथ्वी बिज्ञान" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%99%E1%80%B9%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%82%8F%E1%80%9F%E1%80%B6%E1%82%8F%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AD%E1%80%95%E1%80%B9%E1%80%95%E1%80%B6" title="ကမ္ဘာႏဟံႏသိပ္ပံ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ကမ္ဘာႏဟံႏသိပ္ပံ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="ভূবিজ্ঞান – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভূবিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skianto%C3%B9_an_douar" title="Skiantoù an douar – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Skiantoù an douar" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%C3%A8ncies_de_la_Terra" title="Ciències de la Terra – Katala" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ciències de la Terra" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%AA-gi%C3%B9_Ku%C5%8F-h%C5%8Fk" title="Dê-giù Kuŏ-hŏk – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Dê-giù Kuŏ-hŏk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D3%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Дуьненах лаьцна Ӏилманаш – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Дуьненах лаьцна Ӏилманаш" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%B2%DB%95%D9%88%DB%8C" title="زانستی زەوی – Kurdi Tengah" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زانستی زەوی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Tengah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienze_di_a_Terra" title="Scienze di a Terra – Korsika" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Scienze di a Terra" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Korsika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C4%9Bdy_o_Zemi" title="Vědy o Zemi – Ceska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vědy o Zemi" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Ceska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwyddorau_daear" title="Gwyddorau daear – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwyddorau daear" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geovidenskab" title="Geovidenskab – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Geovidenskab" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geowissenschaften" title="Geowissenschaften – Jérman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Geowissenschaften" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jérman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%84%DE%A8%DE%89%DE%AA%DE%8E%DE%AC_%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%8D%DE%B0%DE%89%DE%AA" title="ބިމުގެ އިލްމު – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ބިމުގެ އިލްމު" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B5%CF%89%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%82" title="Γεωεπιστήμες – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γεωεπιστήμες" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_science" title="Earth science – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Earth science" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terscienco" title="Terscienco – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Terscienco" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencias_de_la_Tierra" title="Ciencias de la Tierra – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ciencias de la Tierra" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maateadus" title="Maateadus – Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Maateadus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lurraren_zientziak" title="Lurraren zientziak – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Lurraren zientziak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85_%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86" title="علوم زمین – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="علوم زمین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geotieteet" title="Geotieteet – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Geotieteet" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciences_de_la_Terre" title="Sciences de la Terre – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sciences de la Terre" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciences_de_la_T%C3%A8rra" title="Sciences de la Tèrra – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Sciences de la Tèrra" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siencis_de_tiere" title="Siencis de tiere – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Siencis de tiere" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ierdwittenskip" title="Ierdwittenskip – Frisia Sisih Kulon" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ierdwittenskip" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Sisih Kulon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eola%C3%ADocht_an_domhain" title="Eolaíocht an domhain – Irlandia" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Eolaíocht an domhain" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencias_da_Terra" title="Ciencias da Terra – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ciencias da Terra" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dowan-oaylleeaght" title="Dowan-oaylleeaght – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Dowan-oaylleeaght" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_science" title="Earth science – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Earth science" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thi-khi%C3%B9_Kh%C3%B4-ho%CC%8Dk" title="Thi-khiù Khô-ho̍k – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Thi-khiù Khô-ho̍k" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%A2%D7%99_%D7%9B%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A5" title="מדעי כדור הארץ – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מדעי כדור הארץ" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="भौमिकी – India" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="भौमिकी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="India" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoznanosti" title="Geoznanosti – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Geoznanosti" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B6ldtudom%C3%A1ny" title="Földtudomány – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Földtudomány" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D6%80%D5%AF%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Երկրագիտություն – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Երկրագիտություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientias_del_Terra" title="Scientias del Terra – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Scientias del Terra" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilmu_kebumian" title="Ilmu kebumian – Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ilmu kebumian" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cienci_di_la_Tero" title="Cienci di la Tero – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Cienci di la Tero" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jar%C3%B0v%C3%ADsindi" title="Jarðvísindi – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Jarðvísindi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienze_della_Terra" title="Scienze della Terra – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Scienze della Terra" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="地球科学 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="地球科学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oert_sayans" title="Oert sayans – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Oert sayans" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/tedyske" title="tedyske – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="tedyske" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%AC%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="დედამიწის მეცნიერებები – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დედამიწის მეცნიერებები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D1%80_%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D2%93%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Жер туралы ғылымдар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Жер туралы ғылымдар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AD%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0" title="ಭೂಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಭೂಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%80%EA%B5%AC%EA%B3%BC%ED%95%99" title="지구과학 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="지구과학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientia_telluris" title="Scientia telluris – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Scientia telluris" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geow%C3%ABssenschaften" title="Geowëssenschaften – Luksemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Geowëssenschaften" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerdweitesjappe" title="Aerdweitesjappe – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Aerdweitesjappe" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDem%C4%97s_mokslai" title="Žemės mokslai – Lithuania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Žemės mokslai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemes_zin%C4%81tne" title="Zemes zinātne – Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Zemes zinātne" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilimu_bumi" title="Ilimu bumi – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Ilimu bumi" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Науки за Земјата – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Науки за Земјата" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Дэлхий судлал – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Дэлхий судлал" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sains_bumi" title="Sains bumi – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sains bumi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xjenza_tad-Dinja" title="Xjenza tad-Dinja – Malta" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Xjenza tad-Dinja" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Malta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%C3%A9ncia_de_la_Tierra" title="Ciéncia de la Tierra – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Ciéncia de la Tierra" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%99%E1%80%B9%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%B1_%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AD%E1%80%95%E1%80%B9%E1%80%95%E1%80%B6" title="ကမ္ဘာမြေ သိပ္ပံ – Myanmar" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကမ္ဘာမြေ သိပ္ပံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Myanmar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eerdwetenschoppen" title="Eerdwetenschoppen – Jerman Non Standar" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Eerdwetenschoppen" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Non Standar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eerdwetenschoppen" title="Eerdwetenschoppen – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Eerdwetenschoppen" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="पृथ्वी विज्ञान – Nepal" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="पृथ्वी विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aardwetenschappen" title="Aardwetenschappen – Walanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Aardwetenschappen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Walanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geofag" title="Geofag – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Geofag" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geovitenskap" title="Geovitenskap – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Geovitenskap" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teral_sienties" title="Teral sienties – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Teral sienties" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci%C3%A9ncias_de_la_T%C3%A8rra" title="Sciéncias de la Tèrra – Ossitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sciéncias de la Tèrra" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ossitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A7%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8" title="ਧਰਤੀ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ – Punjab" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਧਰਤੀ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nauki_o_Ziemi" title="Nauki o Ziemi – Polandia" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nauki o Ziemi" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%81%D9%85%DA%A9%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%DB%90" title="ځمکپوهنې – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ځمکپوهنې" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoci%C3%AAncia" title="Geociência – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Geociência" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienzas_da_la_Terra" title="Scienzas da la Terra – Roman" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Scienzas da la Terra" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Roman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C8%98tiin%C8%9Bele_P%C4%83m%C3%A2ntului" title="Științele Pământului – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Științele Pământului" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BE_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Науки о Земле – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Науки о Земле" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="भूगर्भशास्त्रम् – Sanskerta" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="भूगर्भशास्त्रम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskerta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80_%D2%AF%D3%A9%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%85%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D" title="Сир үөрэхтэрэ – Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Сир үөрэхтэрэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isci%C3%A8ntzias_de_sa_Terra" title="Iscièntzias de sa Terra – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Iscièntzias de sa Terra" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienzi_d%C3%A2_terra" title="Scienzi dâ terra – Sisilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Scienzi dâ terra" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yird_science" title="Yird science – Skots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Yird science" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%8C%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%8A_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3" title="ڌرتي سائنس – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڌرتي سائنس" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nauke_o_Zemlji" title="Nauke o Zemlji – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nauke o Zemlji" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timassanin_n_wakal" title="Timassanin n wakal – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Timassanin n wakal" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_science" title="Earth science – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Earth science" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vedy_o_Zemi" title="Vedy o Zemi – Slowakia" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vedy o Zemi" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowakia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vede_o_Zemlji" title="Vede o Zemlji – Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Vede o Zemlji" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkencat_e_Tok%C3%ABs" title="Shkencat e Tokës – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shkencat e Tokës" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%BE_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%99%D0%B8" title="Науке о Земљи – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Науке о Земљи" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84idkunde_af_Geowietenskuppe" title="Äidkunde af Geowietenskuppe – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Äidkunde af Geowietenskuppe" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89lmu_bumi" title="Élmu bumi – Sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Élmu bumi" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geovetenskap" title="Geovetenskap – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Geovetenskap" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayansi_za_dunia" title="Sayansi za dunia – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sayansi za dunia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="புவி அறிவியல் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="புவி அறிவியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AD%E0%B1%82_%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="భూ శాస్త్రం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="భూ శాస్త్రం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%81" title="วิทยาศาสตร์โลก – Thailand" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิทยาศาสตร์โลก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thailand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agham_pandaigdig" title="Agham pandaigdig – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Agham pandaigdig" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yer_bilimleri" title="Yer bilimleri – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yer bilimleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayensi_ya_Misava" title="Sayensi ya Misava – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Sayensi ya Misava" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D3%A9%D0%B9%D1%80%D3%99%D0%BD%D2%AF%D1%87%D0%B5_%D1%84%D3%99%D0%BD%D0%BD%D3%99%D1%80" title="Җирне өйрәнүче фәннәр – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Җирне өйрәнүче фәннәр" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB%D1%8E" title="Науки про Землю – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Науки про Землю" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="زمینیات – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="زمینیات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siense_de_%C5%82a_Tera" title="Siense de ła Tera – Venesia" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Siense de ła Tera" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khoa_h%E1%BB%8Dc_Tr%C3%A1i_%C4%90%E1%BA%A5t" title="Khoa học Trái Đất – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Khoa học Trái Đất" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siyensya_han_Kalibutan" title="Siyensya han Kalibutan – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Siyensya han Kalibutan" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xam-xamu_suuf_si_ak_jawwu_ji" title="Xam-xamu suuf si ak jawwu ji – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Xam-xamu suuf si ak jawwu ji" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="地球科學 – Tyonghwa Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="地球科學" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Tyonghwa Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%AE%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A9%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AA%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="დიხაუჩაშ მენცარობეფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="დიხაუჩაშ მენცარობეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%93_%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%98" title="ערד וויסנשאפט – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ערד וויסנשאפט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="地球科学 – Tyonghwa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="地球科学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tyonghwa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%93-ki%C3%BB_kho-ha%CC%8Dk" title="Tē-kiû kho-ha̍k – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tē-kiû kho-ha̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="地球科學 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="地球科學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Piranti</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">lih menyang wilah sisih</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">dhelikaké</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Laku </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%88lmu_bumi"><span>Waca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_bumi&veaction=edit" title="Besut kaca iki [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Besut</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_bumi&action=edit" title="Besut kodhe sumberé kaca iki [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Besut sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_bumi&action=history"><span>Deleng sajarah</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mirunggan:Pranala_mr%C3%A9n%C3%A9/%C3%88lmu_bumi" title="Pratélan kabèh kaca wiki kang nggayut mréné [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala mréné</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mirunggan:Owahan_magepokan/%C3%88lmu_bumi" rel="nofollow" title="Owah-owahan anyar saka kaca-kaca kang nggayut kaca iki [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Owahan magepokan</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=jv" title="Ngunggahaken gambar utawi berkas médhia [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Unggah</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mirunggan:Kaca_mirunggan" title="Pratélaning kabèh kaca mirunggan [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Kaca mirunggan</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_bumi&oldid=1549858" title="Pranala permanèn saka owahan iki"><span>Pranala permanèn</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_bumi&action=info" title="Katerangan liyané ngenani kaca iki"><span>Katerangan kaca</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirunggan:Kutip&page=%C3%88lmu_bumi&id=1549858&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Katerangan bab carané nyitir kaca iki"><span>Nyitir kaca iki</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirunggan:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fjv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25C3%2588lmu_bumi"><span>URL cekak</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirunggan:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fjv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25C3%2588lmu_bumi"><span>Undhuh kodhe QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cithak/kirim </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirunggan:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%C3%88lmu+bumi"><span>Gawé buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirunggan:DownloadAsPdf&page=%C3%88lmu_bumi&action=show-download-screen"><span>Undhuh dadi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_bumi&printable=yes" title="Vèrsi cithak kaca iki [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Vèrsi cithak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ing proyèk liya </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Earth_sciences" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8008" title="Pranala menyang wiji répositori kang kagayut [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wiji Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Praèn"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Praèn</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">lih menyang wilah sisih</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">dhelikaké</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Saka Wikipédia Jawa, bauwarna mardika basa Jawa</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="jv" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Barkas:Globe.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Globe.png/220px-Globe.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Globe.png 1.5x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /></a><figcaption>Globe minangka miniatur bumi</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Èlmu bumi</b> (<a href="/wiki/Basa_Inggris" title="Basa Inggris">Inggris</a>: <i>earth science</i>, <i>geoscience</i>) iku istilah kanggo kumpulan cabang-cabang <a href="/wiki/%C3%88lmu" title="Èlmu">èlmu</a> kang nyinaoni <a href="/wiki/Bumi" title="Bumi">bumi</a>. Cabang èlmu iki migunakaké gabungan èlmu <a href="/wiki/Fisika" title="Fisika">fisika</a>, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9ografi" title="Géografi">géografi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matematika" class="mw-redirect" title="Matematika">matematika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia">kimia</a>, lan <a href="/wiki/Biologi" title="Biologi">biologi</a> kanggo mbentuk siji pangertèn kuantitatif saka <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lapisan_bumi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lapisan bumi (kaca ora ana)">lapisan-lapisan bumi</a>. </p><p>Èlmuwan ing babagan iki migunakaké <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metode_ilmiah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metode ilmiah (kaca ora ana)">metode ilmiah</a> nalika nindakaké kajiané, yaiku formulasi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hipot%C3%A9sa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hipotésa (kaca ora ana)">hipotésa</a> liwat observasi lan pangumpulan data ngenani fénoména alam sing diterusaké kanthi pangujian hipotésa-hipotésa mau. Ing èlmu bumi, peran data wigati banget kanggo nguji lan mbentuk siji hipotésa. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cabang_utama">Cabang utama</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_bumi&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Besut pérangan: Cabang utama" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>besut</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_bumi&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Cabang utama"><span>besut sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9ologi" title="Géologi">Géologi</a></b> nyinaoni lapisan wewaton saka <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kulit_bumi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kulit bumi (kaca ora ana)">kulit bumi</a> (utawa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Litosf%C3%A9r&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Litosfér (kaca ora ana)">litosfér</a>) lan tetuwuhan sajarahé. Cabang utama saka èlmu iki yaiku <a href="/wiki/Mineralogi" title="Mineralogi">mineralogi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=P%C3%A9trologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pétrologi (kaca ora ana)">pétrologi</a>, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9okimia" title="Géokimia">géokimia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pal%C3%A9ontologi" title="Paléontologi">paléontologi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stratigrafi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stratigrafi (kaca ora ana)">stratigrafi</a> lan <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A8dimentologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sèdimentologi (kaca ora ana)">sèdimentologi</a>.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Geofisika" class="mw-redirect" title="Geofisika">Géofisika</a></b> nyinaoni sipat-sipat fisis bumi, kaya wangun bumi, réaksi marang gaya, sarta <a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%A9dhan_pot%C3%A8nsial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Médhan potènsial (kaca ora ana)">médhan potènsial</a> bumi (médhan magnet lan <a href="/wiki/Gravitasi" title="Gravitasi">gravitasi</a>). Géofisika uga nylidhiki interior bumi kaya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inti_bumi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inti bumi (kaca ora ana)">inti</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mant%C3%A8l_bumi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mantèl bumi (kaca ora ana)">mantèl bumi</a>, lan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kulit_bumi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kulit bumi (kaca ora ana)">kulit bumi</a> sarta kandhutan-kandhutan alaminé.</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geodhesi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geodhesi (kaca ora ana)">Géodesi</a></b> nyinaoni obahing <a href="/wiki/Bintang" class="mw-redirect" title="Bintang">bintang</a> lan <a href="/wiki/Satelit" title="Satelit">satelit</a> bumi.</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_lemah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Èlmu lemah (kaca ora ana)">Èlmu lemah</a></b> nyinaoni lapisan paling njaba saka kulit bumi sing katut ing prosès pambentukan lemah (utawa <a href="/w/index.php?title=P%C3%A9dosf%C3%A8r&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pédosfèr (kaca ora ana)">pédosfèr</a>). Dhisiplin èlmu utama antarané yaiku <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89dafologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Édafologi (kaca ora ana)">édafologi</a> lan <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9dologi" title="Pédologi">pédologi</a>.</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oseanografi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oseanografi (kaca ora ana)">Oseanografi</a></b> lan <b><a href="/wiki/Hidrologi" title="Hidrologi">hidrologi</a></b> nyinaoni pérangan <a href="/wiki/Banyu" title="Banyu">banyu</a> saka bumi (laut lan banyu tawar) utawa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hidrosf%C3%A8r&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hidrosfèr (kaca ora ana)">hidrosfèr</a>. Sok-sok cabang èlmu iki digabungaké karo géofisika.</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glasiologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glasiologi (kaca ora ana)">Glasiologi</a></b> nyinaoni pérangan <a href="/wiki/%C3%88s" title="Ès">ès</a> saka bumi (utawa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kriosf%C3%A8r&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kriosfèr (kaca ora ana)">kriosfèr</a>).</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_atmosf%C3%A8r&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Èlmu atmosfèr (kaca ora ana)">Èlmu atmosfèr</a></b> nyinaoni pérangan <a href="/wiki/Gas" title="Gas">gas</a> saka bumi (utawa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmosf%C3%A8r&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atmosfèr (kaca ora ana)">atmosfèr</a>) antarané lumah bumi tekan lapisan èksofèr (~1000 km). Cabang utama babagan iki yaiku <a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%A9t%C3%A9orologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Météorologi (kaca ora ana)">météorologi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Klimatologi" title="Klimatologi">klimatologi</a>, lan <a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9ronomi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aéronomi (kaca ora ana)">aéronomi</a>.</li></ul> <p>Interaksi kang dumadi antarané lapisan-lapisan bumi marakaké akèh cabang modhérn èlmu iki sing nyinaoni kanthi ngakokaké pendekatan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Interdisiplin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Interdisiplin (kaca ora ana)">interdisiplin</a>. Contohné yaiku kanggo mahami sirkulasi laut, interaksi antarané <a href="/wiki/Laut" class="mw-redirect" title="Laut">laut</a>, atmosfèr, lan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ubengan_bumi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ubengan bumi (kaca ora ana)">ubengan bumi</a> uga kudu dipétungaké. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pratélan_sapérangan_topik_utama_Èlmu_Bumi"><span id="Prat.C3.A9lan_sap.C3.A9rangan_topik_utama_.C3.88lmu_Bumi"></span>Pratélan sapérangan topik utama Èlmu Bumi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_bumi&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Besut pérangan: Pratélan sapérangan topik utama Èlmu Bumi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>besut</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_bumi&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pratélan sapérangan topik utama Èlmu Bumi"><span>besut sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Atmosfer">Atmosfer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_bumi&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Besut pérangan: Atmosfer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>besut</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_bumi&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Atmosfer"><span>besut sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimia_atmosfer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kimia atmosfer (kaca ora ana)">Kimia atmosfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klimatologi" title="Klimatologi">Klimatologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteorologi" title="Meteorologi">Meteorologi</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hidrometeorologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hidrometeorologi (kaca ora ana)">Hidrometeorologi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paleoklimatologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paleoklimatologi (kaca ora ana)">Paleoklimatologi</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Biosfer">Biosfer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_bumi&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Besut pérangan: Biosfer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>besut</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_bumi&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Biosfer"><span>besut sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biogeografi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biogeografi (kaca ora ana)">Biogeografi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleontologi" class="mw-redirect" title="Paleontologi">Paleontologi</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palinologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palinologi (kaca ora ana)">Palinologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikropaleontologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikropaleontologi (kaca ora ana)">Mikropaleontologi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geomikrobiologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geomikrobiologi (kaca ora ana)">Geomikrobiologi</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hydrosfer">Hydrosfer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_bumi&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Besut pérangan: Hydrosfer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>besut</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_bumi&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Hydrosfer"><span>besut sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hidrologi" title="Hidrologi">Hidrologi</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glasiologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glasiologi (kaca ora ana)">Glasiologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Limnologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Limnologi (kaca ora ana)">Limnologi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hidrog%C3%A9ologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hidrogéologi (kaca ora ana)">Hidrogéologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oseanografi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oseanografi (kaca ora ana)">Oseanografi</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oceanografi_kimia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oceanografi kimia (kaca ora ana)">Oceanografi kimia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biologi_kelautan" class="mw-redirect" title="Biologi kelautan">Biologi kelautan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%A9ologi_kelautan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Géologi kelautan (kaca ora ana)">Géologi kelautan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paleoseanografi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paleoseanografi (kaca ora ana)">Paleoseanografi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oseanografi_fisik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oseanografi fisik (kaca ora ana)">Oseanografi fisik</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lithosfer_utawa_geosfer">Lithosfer utawa geosfer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_bumi&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Besut pérangan: Lithosfer utawa geosfer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>besut</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_bumi&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Lithosfer utawa geosfer"><span>besut sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9ologi" title="Géologi">Géologi</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%A9ologi_%C3%A9konomi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Géologi ékonomi (kaca ora ana)">Géologi ékonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%A9ologi_rekayasa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Géologi rekayasa (kaca ora ana)">Géologi rekayasa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%A9ologi_lingkungan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Géologi lingkungan (kaca ora ana)">Géologi lingkungan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%A9ologi_sajarah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Géologi sajarah (kaca ora ana)">Géologi sajarah</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glasiologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glasiologi (kaca ora ana)">Glasiologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%A9ologi_kuarter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Géologi kuarter (kaca ora ana)">Géologi kuarter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%A9ologi_planit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Géologi planit (kaca ora ana)">Géologi planit</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sedimentologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sedimentologi (kaca ora ana)">Sedimentologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stratigrafi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stratigrafi (kaca ora ana)">Stratigrafi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%A9ologi_struktur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Géologi struktur (kaca ora ana)">Géologi struktur</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geokimia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geokimia (kaca ora ana)">Geokimia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9omorpologi" title="Géomorpologi">Géomorpologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geofisika" class="mw-redirect" title="Geofisika">Geofisika</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geokronologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geokronologi (kaca ora ana)">Geokronologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geodinamik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geodinamik (kaca ora ana)">Geodinamik</a> (pirsani uga <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tektonik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tektonik (kaca ora ana)">Tektonik</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geomagnetik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geomagnetik (kaca ora ana)">Geomagnetik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gravimetri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gravimetri (kaca ora ana)">Gravimetri</a> (uga péranganing <a href="/wiki/Geodesi" title="Geodesi">Geodesi</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seismologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seismologi (kaca ora ana)">Seismologi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hidrog%C3%A9ologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hidrogéologi (kaca ora ana)">Hidrogéologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mineralogi" title="Mineralogi">Mineralogi</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristalografi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kristalografi (kaca ora ana)">Kristalografi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gemologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gemologi (kaca ora ana)">Gemologi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrologi" title="Petrologi">Petrologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vulkanologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vulkanologi (kaca ora ana)">Vulkanologi</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pedosfer">Pedosfer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_bumi&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Besut pérangan: Pedosfer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>besut</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_bumi&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pedosfer"><span>besut sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_lemah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Èlmu lemah (kaca ora ana)">Èlmu lemah</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edafologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edafologi (kaca ora ana)">Edafologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pedologi_(%C3%A8lmu_lemah)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pedologi (èlmu lemah) (kaca ora ana)">Pedologi</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sistem">Sistem</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_bumi&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Besut pérangan: Sistem" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>besut</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_bumi&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sistem"><span>besut sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_sistem_bumi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Èlmu sistem bumi (kaca ora ana)">Èlmu sistem bumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9ografi" title="Géografi">Géografi</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%A9ografi_manungsa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Géografi manungsa (kaca ora ana)">Géografi manungsa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%A9ografi_fisik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Géografi fisik (kaca ora ana)">Géografi fisik</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%A9yori_gaia_(%C3%A8lmu)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Téyori gaia (èlmu) (kaca ora ana)">Téyori gaia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_holistik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Èlmu holistik (kaca ora ana)">Èlmu holistik</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liyané"><span id="Liyan.C3.A9"></span>Liyané</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_bumi&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Besut pérangan: Liyané" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>besut</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88lmu_bumi&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Liyané"><span>besut sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kartografi" title="Kartografi">Kartografi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geoinformatik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geoinformatik (kaca ora ana)">Geoinformatik</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=GIS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GIS (kaca ora ana)">GIS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geostatistik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geostatistik (kaca ora ana)">Geostatistik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geodesi" title="Geodesi">Geodesi</a> lan <a href="/wiki/Survei" title="Survei">Survei</a></li></ul> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cithakan:Cabang_ng%C3%A8lmu_alam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cithakan:Cabang ngèlmu alam (kaca ora ana)">Cithakan:Cabang ngèlmu alam</a> </p> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Elemen_Alam" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1601613">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-deleng"><a href="/wiki/Cithakan:Alam" title="Cithakan:Alam"><abbr title="Deleng cithakan iki" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-rembug"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parembugan_Cithakan:Alam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parembugan Cithakan:Alam (kaca ora ana)"><abbr title="Rembug cithakan iki" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">r</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-besut"><a class="external text" href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cithakan:Alam&action=edit"><abbr title="Besut cithakan iki" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">b</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Elemen_Alam" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Elemen <a href="/wiki/Alam" title="Alam">Alam</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jagat" title="Jagat">Jagat</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Angkasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Angkasa">Angkasa</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Wektu" title="Wektu">Wektu</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mat%C3%A9ri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matéri (kaca ora ana)">Matéri</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%C3%88nergi" title="Ènergi">Ènergi</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bumi" title="Bumi">Bumi</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Èlmu bumi</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Geologi" class="mw-redirect" title="Geologi">Geologi</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sajarah_bumi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sajarah bumi (kaca ora ana)">Sajarah bumi</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sajarah_geologi_bumi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sajarah geologi bumi (kaca ora ana)">Sajarah geologi bumi</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Struktur_bumi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Struktur bumi (kaca ora ana)">Struktur bumi</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A8mp%C3%A8ng_t%C3%A8ktonik" title="Lèmpèng tèktonik">Lèmpèng tèktonik</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cuaca" title="Cuaca">Cuaca</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmosfir_bumi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atmosfir bumi (kaca ora ana)">Atmosfir bumi</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Iklim" title="Iklim">Iklim</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lingkungan_alam" class="mw-redirect" title="Lingkungan alam">Lingkungan</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89kologi" title="Ékologi">Ékologi</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%C3%89kosistem" title="Ékosistem">Ékosistem</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilderness&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilderness (kaca ora ana)">Wilderness</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kauripan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kauripan">Kauripan</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Biosfer" title="Biosfer">Biosfer</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Origin_of_life&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Origin of life (kaca ora ana)">Origin of life</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Organisme" title="Organisme">Kauripan ing bumi</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tetanduran" class="mw-redirect" title="Tetanduran">Tetanduran</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sato_k%C3%A9wan" title="Sato kéwan">Sato kéwan</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Mikroorganisme" title="Mikroorganisme">Mikroba</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Virus" title="Virus">Virus</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Protista" title="Protista">Protista</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Flora" class="mw-redirect" title="Flora">Flora</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">Fungi</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Fauna" class="mw-redirect" title="Fauna">Fauna</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sajarah_evolusi_kauripan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sajarah evolusi kauripan (kaca ora ana)">Sajarah evolusi kauripan</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Biologi" title="Biologi">Biologi</a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Alam" title="Kategori:Alam">Kategori</a></b> <b>·</b>  <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Portal:%C3%89lmu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Portal:Élmu (kaca ora ana)">Portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><br /> </p> <table class="metadata plainlinks stub" role="presentation" 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