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value="Speciale:Ricerca"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Ricerca</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Strumenti personali"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspetto"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Modifica la dimensione, la larghezza e il colore del testo" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aspetto" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aspetto</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_it.wikipedia.org&uselang=it" class=""><span>Fai una donazione</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:CreaUtenza&returnto=Calcare" title="Si consiglia di registrarsi e di effettuare l'accesso, anche se non è obbligatorio" class=""><span>registrati</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Entra&returnto=Calcare" title="Si consiglia di effettuare l'accesso, anche se non è obbligatorio [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>entra</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu 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mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagine per utenti anonimi <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Benvenuto" aria-label="Ulteriori informazioni sulla contribuzione"><span>ulteriori informazioni</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:MieiContributi" title="Un elenco delle modifiche fatte da questo indirizzo IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>contributi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:MieDiscussioni" title="Discussioni sulle modifiche fatte da questo indirizzo IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>discussioni</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sito"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Indice" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Indice</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Descrizione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Descrizione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Descrizione</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Descrizione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Origine_del_calcare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origine_del_calcare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Origine del calcare</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Origine_del_calcare-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Origine del calcare</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Origine_del_calcare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Origine_chimica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origine_chimica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Origine chimica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origine_chimica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Origine_organogena" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origine_organogena"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Origine organogena</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origine_organogena-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Classificazione_degli_organismi_che_formano_il_calcare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Classificazione_degli_organismi_che_formano_il_calcare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Classificazione degli organismi che formano il calcare</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Classificazione_degli_organismi_che_formano_il_calcare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Formazione_clastica_del_calcare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formazione_clastica_del_calcare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Formazione clastica del calcare</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formazione_clastica_del_calcare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diagenesi_dei_sedimenti_calcarei" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diagenesi_dei_sedimenti_calcarei"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Diagenesi dei sedimenti calcarei</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diagenesi_dei_sedimenti_calcarei-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Calcare_ed_elettrodomestici" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Calcare_ed_elettrodomestici"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Calcare ed elettrodomestici</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Calcare_ed_elettrodomestici-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Calcare</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 93 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-93" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">93 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalksteen" title="Kalksteen - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kalksteen" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalk" title="Kalk - tedesco svizzero" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Kalk" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="tedesco svizzero" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calsinera" title="Calsinera - aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Calsinera" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%AC%D8%B1_%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="حجر جيري - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حجر جيري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliar" title="Caliar - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Caliar" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Fh%C9%99ngda%C5%9F%C4%B1" title="Əhəngdaşı - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Əhəngdaşı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Эзбизташ - baschiro" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Эзбизташ" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baschiro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koichstoa" title="Koichstoa - bavarese" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Koichstoa" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavarese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BA" title="Вапняк - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вапняк" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BA" title="Вапняк - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вапняк" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Варовик - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Варовик" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%B0" title="চুনাপাথর - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="চুনাপাথর" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kre%C4%8Dnjak" title="Krečnjak - bosniaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Krečnjak" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedra_calc%C3%A0ria" title="Pedra calcària - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pedra calcària" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A1penec" title="Vápenec - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vápenec" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BB%C4%95" title="Акшар чулĕ - ciuvascio" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Акшар чулĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calchfaen" title="Calchfaen - gallese" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Calchfaen" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalksten" title="Kalksten - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kalksten" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalkstein" title="Kalkstein - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kalkstein" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%83%CE%B2%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%84%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%B8%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Ασβεστόλιθος - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ασβεστόλιθος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Limestone" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalko%C5%9Dtono" title="Kalkoŝtono - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kalkoŝtono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliza" title="Caliza - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Caliza" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lubjakivi" title="Lubjakivi - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Lubjakivi" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kareharri" title="Kareharri - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kareharri" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cal" title="Cal - estremegno" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Cal" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="estremegno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%A2%D9%87%DA%A9" title="سنگ آهک - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سنگ آهک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalkkikivi" title="Kalkkikivi - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kalkkikivi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcaire" title="Calcaire - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Calcaire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalkstien" title="Kalkstien - frisone occidentale" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Kalkstien" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisone occidentale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aolchloch" title="Aolchloch - irlandese" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Aolchloch" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcaria" title="Calcaria - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Calcaria" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa%CC%8Dk-f%C3%B4i-sa%CC%8Dk" title="Sa̍k-fôi-sa̍k - hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sa̍k-fôi-sa̍k" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%91%D7%9F_%D7%92%D7%99%D7%A8" title="אבן גיר - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אבן גיר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%B0" title="चूना पत्थर - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="चूना पत्थर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapnenac" title="Vapnenac - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Vapnenac" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9szk%C5%91_(k%C5%91zet)" title="Mészkő (kőzet) - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mészkő (kőzet)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D6%80%D5%A1%D6%84%D5%A1%D6%80" title="Կրաքար - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կրաքար" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcario" title="Calcario - interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Calcario" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamping" title="Gamping - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gamping" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalkotereno" title="Kalkotereno - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kalkotereno" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalksteinn" title="Kalksteinn - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kalksteinn" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E7%81%B0%E5%B2%A9" title="石灰岩 - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="石灰岩" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A5%E1%83%95%E1%83%90" title="კირქვა - georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კირქვა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Әктас - kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Әктас" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%9D%ED%9A%8C%EC%95%94" title="석회암 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="석회암" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalgh" title="Kalgh - cornico" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Kalgh" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%88_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Акиташ теги - kirghiso" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Акиташ теги" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghiso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcarea" title="Calcarea - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Calcarea" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalkstein" title="Kalkstein - limburghese" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Kalkstein" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klintis" title="Klintis - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Klintis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ka%C4%BC%C4%B7akmens" title="Kaļķakmens - lettone" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kaļķakmens" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatosokay" title="Vatosokay - malgascio" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Vatosokay" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Варовник - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Варовник" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batu_kapur" title="Batu kapur - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Batu kapur" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%A0ebla_tal-%C4%A1ir" title="Ġebla tal-ġir - maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Ġebla tal-ġir" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%91%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B6%E1%80%B8%E1%80%80%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA" title="ထုံးကျောက် - birmano" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ထုံးကျောက်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A2%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE" title="चुनढुङ्गा - nepalese" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="चुनढुङ्गा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%83%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%82" title="सख्वाःल्वहं - newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सख्वाःल्वहं" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalksteen" title="Kalksteen - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kalksteen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalkstein" title="Kalkstein - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kalkstein" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalkstein" title="Kalkstein - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kalkstein" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcari" title="Calcari - occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Calcari" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%8A%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%80" title="Чъырдур - ossetico" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Чъырдур" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wapie%C5%84" title="Wapień - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wapień" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85_%D9%BE%D8%AA%DA%BE%D8%B1" title="لائم پتھر - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لائم پتھر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calc%C3%A1rio" title="Calcário - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Calcário" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isku_rumi" title="Isku rumi - quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Isku rumi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcar" title="Calcar - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Calcar" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BA" title="Известняк - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Известняк" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Вапняник - ruteno" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Вапняник" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruteno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapnenac" title="Vapnenac - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Vapnenac" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%AB%E0%B7%94_%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A" title="හුණු ගල් - singalese" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="හුණු ගල්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Limestone" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="voce di qualità"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A1penec" title="Vápenec - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vápenec" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apnenec" title="Apnenec - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Apnenec" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuurad" title="Nuurad - somalo" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Nuurad" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%87%D1%9A%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Кречњак - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кречњак" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalksten" title="Kalksten - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kalksten" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gange" title="Gange - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Gange" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="சுண்ணக்கல் - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சுண்ணக்கல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Оҳаксанг - tagico" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Оҳаксанг" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tagico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%99" title="หินปูน - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="หินปูน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kire%C3%A7_ta%C5%9F%C4%B1" title="Kireç taşı - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kireç taşı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Известьташ - tataro" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Известьташ" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tataro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BA" title="Вапняк - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вапняк" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohaktoshlar" title="Ohaktoshlar - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ohaktoshlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3%A1_v%C3%B4i" title="Đá vôi - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đá vôi" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E7%81%B0%E5%B2%A9" title="石灰岩 - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="石灰岩" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%A9%D7%98%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9F" title="קאלכשטיין - yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קאלכשטיין" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E7%81%B0%E5%B2%A9" title="石灰岩 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="石灰岩" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chio%CC%8Dh-hoe-gi%C3%A2m" title="Chio̍h-hoe-giâm - min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chio̍h-hoe-giâm" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E7%81%B0%E5%B2%A9" title="石灰岩 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="石灰岩" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q23757#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Calcare" 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox sinottico" summary="Tabella sinottica che riassume i principali dati del soggetto"><tbody><tr class="sinottico_testata"><th colspan="2" style="background: #BC987E">Calcare</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:DachsteinkalkBivalvia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/DachsteinkalkBivalvia.jpg/260px-DachsteinkalkBivalvia.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/DachsteinkalkBivalvia.jpg/390px-DachsteinkalkBivalvia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/DachsteinkalkBivalvia.jpg/520px-DachsteinkalkBivalvia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><i>Dachsteinkalk</i> con fossili di bivalvi (probabilmente <i>Conchodon infraliasicus</i>), <a href="/wiki/Totes_Gebirge" class="mw-redirect" title="Totes Gebirge">Totes Gebirge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></td></tr><tr><th>Categoria</th><td style="width:60%"><a href="/wiki/Roccia_sedimentaria" title="Roccia sedimentaria">roccia sedimentaria</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Minerale" title="Minerale">Minerali principali</a></th><td style="width:60%"><a href="/wiki/Carbonato_di_calcio" title="Carbonato di calcio">Carbonato di calcio</a>: cristalli inorganici di <a href="/wiki/Calcite" title="Calcite">calcite</a> e/o materiali organici calcarei </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Il <b>calcare</b> è una <a href="/wiki/Roccia_sedimentaria" title="Roccia sedimentaria">roccia sedimentaria</a> il cui componente principale è rappresentato dal <a href="/wiki/Minerale" title="Minerale">minerale</a> <a href="/wiki/Calcite" title="Calcite">calcite</a>. I depositi di calcare, quindi il minerale stesso, sono più o meno compenetrati da impurità <a href="/wiki/Argilla" title="Argilla">argillose</a> o <a href="/wiki/Quarzo" title="Quarzo">quarzitiche</a>. La calcite è un minerale spesso accoppiato alla <a href="/wiki/Dolomite" title="Dolomite">dolomite</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Descrizione">Descrizione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcare&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Descrizione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcare&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Descrizione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kalkstein_(nahe).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Kalkstein_%28nahe%29.JPG/170px-Kalkstein_%28nahe%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Kalkstein_%28nahe%29.JPG/255px-Kalkstein_%28nahe%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Kalkstein_%28nahe%29.JPG/340px-Kalkstein_%28nahe%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3888" /></a><figcaption>Calcare tagliato in blocchi per costruzioni</figcaption></figure> <p>Il calcare è una <a href="/wiki/Roccia_sedimentaria" title="Roccia sedimentaria">roccia sedimentaria</a>, classificata in base a criteri sedimentologici e composizionali come appartenente alle rocce <i>allochimiche carbonatiche</i>, cioè derivate dall'accumulo di particelle formatesi per precipitazione chimica (<i>chimiche</i> in senso stretto) o per secrezione organica (<a href="/wiki/Rocce_sedimentarie_organogene" title="Rocce sedimentarie organogene"><i>organogene</i></a>) all'interno di un bacino di sedimentazione; come tale, la sua composizione è sempre molto variabile in funzione delle "condizioni di formazione" in base alle quali tutte le rocce sedimentarie, comprese quelle carbonatiche, si suddividono in tre grandi gruppi: </p> <ul><li>sedimenti chimici.</li> <li>sedimenti organogeni.</li> <li>sedimenti clastici.</li></ul> <p>La parte prevalente delle rocce calcaree va inclusa nei sedimenti organogeni; una parte minore si è formata per <a href="/wiki/Precipitazione_(chimica)" title="Precipitazione (chimica)">precipitazione</a> da <a href="/wiki/Soluzione_(chimica)" title="Soluzione (chimica)">soluzioni</a> acquose soprasature come sedimenti chimici. Infine, possono anche formarsi sedimenti calcarei clastici, qualora le <a href="/wiki/Roccia" title="Roccia">rocce</a>, formatesi originariamente per via chimica o organogena, vengano distrutte fisicamente e poi ricomposte in altro luogo. </p><p>Le rocce calcaree partecipano solo per circa lo 0,25% alla formazione della <a href="/wiki/Crosta_terrestre" title="Crosta terrestre">crosta terrestre</a>, ma rappresentano il terzo tipo di "roccia sedimentaria" più recente dopo gli <a href="/wiki/Scisti" class="mw-redirect" title="Scisti">scisti</a> argillosi e le <a href="/wiki/Arenaria" title="Arenaria">arenarie</a>. </p><p>Fra i numerosissimi utilizzi del calcare (in pezzatura e miscela diverse come pietrame, pietrisco o sabbia) ricordiamo le <a href="/wiki/Strada" title="Strada">costruzioni stradali</a>, la produzione di <a href="/wiki/Calcestruzzo" title="Calcestruzzo">calcestruzzo</a>, nell'industria dell'<a href="/wiki/Acciaio" title="Acciaio">acciaio</a>, della <a href="/wiki/Chimica" title="Chimica">chimica</a> e del <a href="/wiki/Cemento" title="Cemento">cemento</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origine_del_calcare">Origine del calcare</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcare&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Origine del calcare" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcare&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Origine del calcare"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Origine_chimica">Origine chimica</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcare&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Origine chimica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcare&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Origine chimica"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kudurru_of_Gula-Eresh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Kudurru_of_Gula-Eresh.jpg/220px-Kudurru_of_Gula-Eresh.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Kudurru_of_Gula-Eresh.jpg/330px-Kudurru_of_Gula-Eresh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Kudurru_of_Gula-Eresh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="431" data-file-height="562" /></a><figcaption>Il cosiddetto "<i><a href="/wiki/Kudurru" title="Kudurru">kudurru</a></i> di Gula-Eresh" (<a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Museu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="British Museu (la pagina non esiste)">BM</a> 102485) in pietra calcarea, del periodo del re <a href="/w/index.php?title=Enlil-n%C4%81din-apli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enlil-nādin-apli (la pagina non esiste)">Enlil-nādin-apli</a>, quinto re della <a href="/wiki/Seconda_dinastia_di_Isin" title="Seconda dinastia di Isin">Seconda dinastia di Isin</a>, la quarta <a href="/wiki/Lista_reale_babilonese" title="Lista reale babilonese">dinastia babilonese</a>. I <i>kudurru</i> erano documenti in pietra usati come cippi di confine o documenti amministrativi. Gula-Eresh è il nome di un cittadino beneficiario di una <a href="/wiki/Concessione_terriera" title="Concessione terriera">concessione terriera</a>, i cui termini sono illustrati nel <i>kudurru</i>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Determinante per la formazione chimica del calcare è il prodotto di soluzione del CaCO<sub>3</sub> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {(1)\,\,\,[Ca^{2+}]\cdot [CO_{3}^{2-}]=\,L\,=4,9\cdot 10^{-9}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <msup> <mtext>Ca</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>CO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>=</mo> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mtext>L</mtext> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>=</mo> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mo>,</mo> <mn>9</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mo>⋅</mo> <mn>10</mn> <msup> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mn>9</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {(1)\,\,\,[Ca^{2+}]\cdot [CO_{3}^{2-}]=\,L\,=4,9\cdot 10^{-9}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7b6214436888d7c948ba35ea586c668ba520db51" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:37.253ex; height:3.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {(1)\,\,\,[Ca^{2+}]\cdot [CO_{3}^{2-}]=\,L\,=4,9\cdot 10^{-9}}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>e gli stadi di dissociazione dell'acido carbonico: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {(2)\,\,\,[H+]\cdot [HCO_{3}^{-}]/[H2CO3]\,=\,K_{1}\,=\,1,72\cdot 10^{-4}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <msup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>HCO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>CO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>=</mo> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>K</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>=</mo> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mn>1</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mo>,</mo> <mn>72</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mo>⋅</mo> <mn>10</mn> <msup> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {(2)\,\,\,[H+]\cdot [HCO_{3}^{-}]/[H2CO3]\,=\,K_{1}\,=\,1,72\cdot 10^{-4}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d412b9ba1cbfeda4baa888d09b82596a71906fb7" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:48.621ex; height:3.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {(2)\,\,\,[H+]\cdot [HCO_{3}^{-}]/[H2CO3]\,=\,K_{1}\,=\,1,72\cdot 10^{-4}}}}"></span></dd></dl> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {(3)\,\,\,[H+]\cdot [CO_{3}^{2-}]/[HCO3^{-}]\,=\,K_{2}\,=\,4,84\cdot 10^{-11}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <msup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>CO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>HCO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>=</mo> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>K</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>=</mo> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mn>4</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mo>,</mo> <mn>84</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mo>⋅</mo> <mn>10</mn> <msup> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mn>11</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {(3)\,\,\,[H+]\cdot [CO_{3}^{2-}]/[HCO3^{-}]\,=\,K_{2}\,=\,4,84\cdot 10^{-11}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/46776a9550adee9aad92c657b25ee81d6dc683ec" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:48.311ex; height:3.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {(3)\,\,\,[H+]\cdot [CO_{3}^{2-}]/[HCO3^{-}]\,=\,K_{2}\,=\,4,84\cdot 10^{-11}}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Alla diminuzione della <a href="/wiki/Concentrazione_(chimica)" title="Concentrazione (chimica)">concentrazione</a> degli <a href="/wiki/Ione" title="Ione">ioni</a> di <a href="/wiki/Idrogeno" title="Idrogeno">idrogeno</a>, risulta aumentata secondo l'equazione (2) la <a href="/wiki/Concentrazione_(chimica)" title="Concentrazione (chimica)">concentrazione</a> degli <a href="/wiki/Ione" title="Ione">ioni</a> di <a href="/wiki/Idrogenocarbonato" title="Idrogenocarbonato">bicarbonato</a> e secondo la (3) la concentrazione degli <a href="/wiki/Ione" title="Ione">ioni</a> di <a href="/wiki/Carbonato" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbonato">carbonato</a>. Si perviene in tal modo alla precipitazione dovuta al superamento per eccesso del <a href="/wiki/Prodotto_di_solubilit%C3%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Prodotto di solubilità">prodotto di solubilità</a> del <a href="/wiki/Carbonato_di_calcio" title="Carbonato di calcio">carbonato di calcio</a>. Un aumento della concentrazione degli <a href="/wiki/Ione" title="Ione">ioni</a> di <a href="/wiki/Idrogeno" title="Idrogeno">idrogeno</a> porta invece a una diminuzione della concentrazione di <a href="/wiki/Ione" title="Ione">ioni</a> di <a href="/wiki/Carbonato" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbonato">carbonato</a> secondo l'equazione (3) e quindi a un superamento per difetto del <a href="/wiki/Prodotto_di_solubilit%C3%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Prodotto di solubilità">prodotto di solubilità</a> del <a href="/wiki/Carbonato_di_calcio" title="Carbonato di calcio">carbonato di calcio</a>, ossia a una soluzione rinforzata del carbonato di calcio. Le reazioni che si sviluppano alla formazione della <a href="/wiki/Calcite" title="Calcite">calcite</a> si possono riprodurre nel seguente <i>schema di reazione</i>: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {H_{2}O\,+CO_{2}\leftrightarrows H_{2}CO_{3}\leftrightarrows H^{+}\,+HCO_{3}^{-}\leftrightarrows 2H^{+}CO_{3}^{2-}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>CO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">⇆</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>CO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">⇆</mo> <msup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>HCO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">⇆</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <msubsup> <mtext>CO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {H_{2}O\,+CO_{2}\leftrightarrows H_{2}CO_{3}\leftrightarrows H^{+}\,+HCO_{3}^{-}\leftrightarrows 2H^{+}CO_{3}^{2-}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/06ffb50687a84b47440f0f3fda174b07ad0762c3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:54.785ex; height:3.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {H_{2}O\,+CO_{2}\leftrightarrows H_{2}CO_{3}\leftrightarrows H^{+}\,+HCO_{3}^{-}\leftrightarrows 2H^{+}CO_{3}^{2-}}}}"></span></dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {CaCO_{3}\,+H^{+}\,+HCO_{3}^{-}\leftrightarrows Ca(HCO_{3})_{2}\leftrightarrows Ca^{2+}\,+2HCO_{3}^{-}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>CaCO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>HCO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">⇆</mo> <mtext>Ca</mtext> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>HCO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">⇆</mo> <msup> <mtext>Ca</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>HCO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {CaCO_{3}\,+H^{+}\,+HCO_{3}^{-}\leftrightarrows Ca(HCO_{3})_{2}\leftrightarrows Ca^{2+}\,+2HCO_{3}^{-}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ad5332daa5c7e8868eb4250b11986fab9d8bab2d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:60.123ex; height:3.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {CaCO_{3}\,+H^{+}\,+HCO_{3}^{-}\leftrightarrows Ca(HCO_{3})_{2}\leftrightarrows Ca^{2+}\,+2HCO_{3}^{-}}}}"></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Origine_organogena">Origine organogena</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcare&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Origine organogena" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcare&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Origine organogena"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rastellum_boundstone.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Rastellum_boundstone.JPG/310px-Rastellum_boundstone.JPG" decoding="async" width="310" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Rastellum_boundstone.JPG/465px-Rastellum_boundstone.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Rastellum_boundstone.JPG/620px-Rastellum_boundstone.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Calcare (<i>boundstone</i>) prevalentemente formato da fossili di bivalvi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gryphea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gryphea (la pagina non esiste)">Gryphea</a> Giurassici, Normandia</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coccolithus_pelagicus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Coccolithus_pelagicus.jpg/310px-Coccolithus_pelagicus.jpg" decoding="async" width="310" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Coccolithus_pelagicus.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="360" /></a><figcaption>Coccosfera di <i>Coccolithus pelagicus</i></figcaption></figure> <p>La formazione organogena del calcare deriva dal fatto che molti esseri viventi sono dotati di un <a href="/wiki/Guscio_(struttura)" title="Guscio (struttura)">guscio</a> o <a href="/wiki/Scheletro_(anatomia)" title="Scheletro (anatomia)">scheletro</a> calcareo. Dopo la morte di tali organismi, i resti dopo un percorso più o meno lungo vanno a fondo, deponendosi sul fondale marino. Dopo la <a href="/wiki/Decomposizione_(biologia)" title="Decomposizione (biologia)">decomposizione</a> delle parti molli, le parti mineralizzate formano sedimenti che ricoprono aree sovente di notevole estensione. Ad esempio, le "melme" a <a href="/wiki/Foraminiferi" class="mw-redirect" title="Foraminiferi">globigerina</a> coprono oggi il 37,4% del fondo del <a href="/wiki/Mare" title="Mare">mare</a>, che corrisponde al 25,2% dell'intera superficie terrestre. </p><p>Tra gli esempi fossili, le rocce calcaree del <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muschelkalk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muschelkalk (la pagina non esiste)">Muschelkalk</a> ("calcare conchigliare" del <a href="/wiki/Triassico" title="Triassico">Triassico</a> della <a href="/wiki/Germania" title="Germania">Germania</a>) sono costituite in gran parte da resti di <a href="/wiki/Conchiglie" class="mw-redirect" title="Conchiglie">conchiglie</a> di <a href="/wiki/Molluschi" class="mw-redirect" title="Molluschi">molluschi</a>. </p><p>Esistono anche organismi che contribuiscono attivamente alla costruzione di strutture mineralizzate, come ad esempio i <a href="/wiki/Coralli" class="mw-redirect" title="Coralli">coralli</a>, e danno luogo a vere e proprie <a href="/wiki/Scogliera" title="Scogliera">scogliere</a> organogene. In questo caso gli organismi vivi crescono sugli scheletri delle generazioni precedenti, formando con le loro strutture un intreccio nel quale i vuoti vengono progressivamente colmati da cementi e/o da sedimento. Un classico esempio di quest'ultimo tipo di organismi dal passato geologico sono le <a href="/wiki/Rudiste" class="mw-redirect" title="Rudiste">Rudiste</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bivalvi" class="mw-redirect" title="Bivalvi">bivalvi</a> vissuti nel <a href="/wiki/Cretaceo" class="mw-redirect" title="Cretaceo">Cretaceo</a> che potevano dare luogo a biocostruzioni di notevole estensione. </p><p>Recenti studi <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> hanno suggerito per i sedimenti marini un'ulteriore sorgente di carbonato di calcio: i pesci <a href="/wiki/Teleostei" title="Teleostei">teleostei</a>, ossia i pesci con scheletro osseo. Questi sono in grado di produrre grandi quantità di carbonato di calcio nei loro intestini come una risposta osmoregolatrice alla continua ingestione di acqua di mare, ricca in <a href="/wiki/Calcio_(metallo)" class="mw-redirect" title="Calcio (metallo)">calcio</a> e <a href="/wiki/Magnesio" title="Magnesio">magnesio</a>, espulsi come rifiuti. Questo carbonato di calcio, più ricco in magnesio rispetto a quello planctonico, e quindi più solubile, viene stimato che possa costituire dal 3% al 15% della produzione totale di carbonato oceanico e contribuire fino a un quarto del bilancio del carbonato di calcio di origine marina; questi dati potrebbero spiegare l'abbondante distribuzione di carbonato nei primi 1000 metri superiori delle masse d'acqua marine. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Classificazione_degli_organismi_che_formano_il_calcare">Classificazione degli organismi che formano il calcare</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcare&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Classificazione degli organismi che formano il calcare" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcare&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Classificazione degli organismi che formano il calcare"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piante" class="mw-redirect" title="Piante">Piante</a> <ul><li>Alghe verdi calcaree fisse al substrato: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Litotammi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Litotammi (la pagina non esiste)">litotammi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Halimeda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Halimeda (la pagina non esiste)">halimeda</a>, etc., in cui il calcare viene fissato nei tessuti rendendoli immangiabili per gli animali <a href="/wiki/Erbivoro" title="Erbivoro">erbivori</a>. Solitamente queste alghe si trovano entro ambienti di scogliera</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alghe" class="mw-redirect" title="Alghe">Alghe</a> calcificate planctoniche (galleggianti passivamente): <a href="/w/index.php?title=Coccolitoforidi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coccolitoforidi (la pagina non esiste)">coccolitoforidi</a> di dimensioni microscopiche</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animali" class="mw-redirect" title="Animali">Animali</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benthos" title="Benthos">bentonici</a>: <a href="/wiki/Corallo" class="mw-redirect" title="Corallo">coralli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spugne" class="mw-redirect" title="Spugne">spugne</a> calcaree, <a href="/wiki/Foraminiferi" class="mw-redirect" title="Foraminiferi">foraminiferi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Briozoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Briozoi">briozoi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brachiopodi" class="mw-redirect" title="Brachiopodi">brachiopodi</a>, echinodermi, molluschi, vermi, crostacei</li> <li>planctonici: <a href="/wiki/Foraminiferi" class="mw-redirect" title="Foraminiferi">foraminiferi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pteropoda" title="Pteropoda">pteropodi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necton" title="Necton">nectonici</a> (galleggianti attivamente): <a href="/wiki/Crostacei" class="mw-redirect" title="Crostacei">crostacei</a> (trilobiti, ostracodi), pesci ossei.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formazione_clastica_del_calcare">Formazione clastica del calcare</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcare&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Formazione clastica del calcare" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcare&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Formazione clastica del calcare"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le rocce calcaree clastiche si producono per <a href="/wiki/Disgregazione" title="Disgregazione">disgregazione</a> e spostamento di agglomerati di CaCO<sub>3</sub> formatisi come spiegato nei paragrafi precedenti e già consolidati. Sono suddivise secondo granulometrie. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diagenesi_dei_sedimenti_calcarei">Diagenesi dei sedimenti calcarei</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcare&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Diagenesi dei sedimenti calcarei" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcare&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Diagenesi dei sedimenti calcarei"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sugli ammassi di materie calcitiche agiscono elevate <a href="/wiki/Pressione" title="Pressione">pressioni</a> e varie condizioni di <a href="/wiki/Temperatura" title="Temperatura">temperatura</a>; anche i processi chimici proseguono. I sedimenti calcarei dapprima spesso "agglomerati sciolti" si convertono quindi in roccia compatta. </p><p>In base alla loro tessitura si possono distinguere le seguenti rocce di composizione carbonatica: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marmo" title="Marmo">Marmo</a>: Roccia cristallina prevalentemente a grana grossa, formatasi per <a href="/wiki/Metamorfismo" title="Metamorfismo">metamorfismo</a> di altre rocce calcaree.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolomia" title="Dolomia">Dolomia</a>: Roccia carbonatica costituita dal minerale <a href="/wiki/Dolomite" title="Dolomite">Dolomite</a>, può avere origine sedimentaria o derivare dalla <a href="/wiki/Diagenesi" title="Diagenesi">diagenesi</a> di rocce carbonatiche.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Calcare oolitico: Costituito da aggregati sferici (<a href="/wiki/Ooliti" title="Ooliti">ooliti</a>) o ovoidali a struttura concentrica.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcare_nummulitico" title="Calcare nummulitico">Calcare nummulitico</a>: calcare con abbondante presenza di <a href="/wiki/Nummulites" title="Nummulites">nummuliti</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcare_compatto" title="Calcare compatto">Calcare compatto</a>: Generalmente di origine organogena presenta una rottura da concoide, scheggiosa e le colorazioni più diverse. La struttura è a strati e banchi, oppure massiccia. Spesso presentano impurità come argilla, <a href="/wiki/Silice" title="Silice">silice</a> etc...</li> <li>Calcare stratificato: Calcari compatti, spesso a stratificazioni fini, in parte a struttura agatata come si ritrova nell'<a href="/wiki/Alabastro" title="Alabastro">alabastro</a> orientale proveniente dall'<a href="/wiki/Egitto" title="Egitto">Egitto</a> o nel <a href="/wiki/Marmo" title="Marmo">marmo</a> d'onice verde-giallo del <a href="/wiki/Messico" title="Messico">Messico</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Calcare terroso: Generalmente friabile. A questa varietà appartiene il <a href="/wiki/Gesso_(materiale)" title="Gesso (materiale)">gessetto</a> da lavagna.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumachella" title="Lumachella">Lumachella</a>: ogni roccia sedimentaria organogena (quasi sempre un calcare) i cui granuli siano gusci di <a href="/wiki/Mollusca" title="Mollusca">molluschi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Calcare_ed_elettrodomestici">Calcare ed elettrodomestici</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcare&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Calcare ed elettrodomestici" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcare&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Calcare ed elettrodomestici"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il calcare naturalmente presente nell'acqua può col tempo ostruire le <a href="/wiki/Tubo" title="Tubo">tubature</a> e danneggiare gli <a href="/wiki/Elettrodomestico" title="Elettrodomestico">elettrodomestici</a>: per limitarne l'accumulo si devono utilizzare prodotti specifici.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcare&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcare&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Brad A. Seibel e Heidi M. Dierssen, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19150831/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Animal Function at the Heart (and Gut) of Oceanography</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Science</span>, vol. 323, n. 5912, 16 gennaio 2009, pp. 343-344, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1161618">10.1126/science.1161618</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) R.W. Wilson, F.J. Millero, J.R. Taylor, P.J. Walsh, V. Christensen, S. Jennings e M. Grosell, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19150840/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Contribution of Fish to the Marine Inorganic Carbon Cycle</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Science</span>, vol. 323, n. 5912, 16 gennaio 2009, pp. 359-362, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1157972">10.1126/science.1157972</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Autori Vari, <i>Scheda Dolomia</i> in <i>Il magico mondo di Minerali & gemme</i>, <a href="/wiki/De_Agostini" title="De Agostini">De Agostini</a>, 1993-1996, Novara</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Autori Vari, <i>Scheda Alabastro calcareo</i> in <i>Il magico mondo di Minerali & gemme</i>, <a href="/wiki/De_Agostini" title="De Agostini">De Agostini</a>, 1993-1996, Novara</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Autori Vari, <i>Scheda Lumahella</i> in <i>Il magico mondo di Minerali & gemme</i>, <a href="/wiki/De_Agostini" title="De Agostini">De Agostini</a>, 1993-1996, Novara</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.focus.it/scienza/salute/il-calcare-nellacqua-e-nocivo"><span style="font-style:italic;">Il calcare nell'acqua è nocivo?</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Focus.it</span>. <small>URL consultato l'8 maggio 2022</small>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcare&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcare&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calcare_compatto" title="Calcare compatto">Calcare compatto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcarenite" title="Calcarenite">Calcarenite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calce" title="Calce">Calce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incrostazione_calcarea" title="Incrostazione calcarea">Incrostazione calcarea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marmo_di_Gassino" title="Marmo di Gassino">Marmo di Gassino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marmo_Botticino" title="Marmo Botticino">Marmo Botticino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marmo_rosso_di_Verona" title="Marmo rosso di Verona">Marmo rosso di Verona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marmo_di_Chiampo" title="Marmo di Chiampo">Marmo di Chiampo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietra_d%27Istria" title="Pietra d'Istria">Pietra d'Istria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietra_di_Trani" title="Pietra di Trani">Pietra di Trani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maiolica_(geologia)" title="Maiolica (geologia)">Maiolica (geologia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcare_di_Moltrasio" title="Calcare di Moltrasio">Calcare di Moltrasio</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcare&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcare&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/calcare" class="extiw" title="wikt:calcare">Wikizionario</a></li> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Limestone"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Limestone?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikizionario"><img alt="Collabora a Wikizionario" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/18px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/27px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/36px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="wikt:">Wikizionario</a> contiene il lemma di dizionario «<b><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/calcare" class="extiw" title="wikt:calcare">calcare</a></b>»</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file sul <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Limestone?uselang=it">calcare</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcare&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcare&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTreccani.it" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/calcare"><span style="font-style:italic;">calcare</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Treccani.it – Enciclopedie on line</span>, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23757#P3365" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEnciclopedia_Italiana" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Giuseppe Checchia-Rispoli, Francesco Scurti e Riccardo Oliveri, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/calcare_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)/"><span style="font-style:italic;">CALCARE</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Treccani" title="Enciclopedia Treccani">Enciclopedia Italiana</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>, 1930.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23757#P4223" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFDizionario_delle_scienze_fisiche" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/calcare_(Dizionario-delle-Scienze-Fisiche)/"><span style="font-style:italic;">calcare</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Dizionario delle scienze fisiche</span>, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>, 1996.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23757#P10017" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSapere.it" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sapere.it/enciclopedia/calcare+(aggettivo+e+sostantivo).html"><span style="font-style:italic;">calcare (aggettivo e sostantivo)</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">sapere.it</span>, <a href="/wiki/De_Agostini" title="De Agostini">De Agostini</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23757#P6706" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEnciclopedia_dei_ragazzi" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Fabio Catino, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/calcare_(Enciclopedia-dei-ragazzi)/"><span style="font-style:italic;">calcare</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Enciclopedia dei ragazzi</span>, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>, 2004-2006.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23757#P9983" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/limestone"><span style="font-style:italic;">limestone</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23757#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFOpen_Library" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/subjects/limestone"><span style="font-style:italic;">Opere riguardanti Limestone</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Open Library">Open Library</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23757#P3847" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di 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href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Francia" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Francia">BNF</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="francese">FR</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11938314x">cb11938314x</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11938314x">(data)</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Israele" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Israele">J9U</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="ebraico">HE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007529220205171">987007529220205171</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_della_Dieta_nazionale_del_Giappone" title="Biblioteca della 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