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Contact us at <a href="mailto:info@dsl.ac.uk">info@dsl.ac.uk </a> if you need help with any abbreviation we use.</p> <p id="sndStart" class="alphabetList"><a class="jumper" href="#snd-A">A</a><a class="jumper" href="#snd-B">B</a><a class="jumper" href="#snd-C">C</a><a class="jumper" href="#snd-D">D</a><a class="jumper" href="#snd-E">E</a><a class="jumper" href="#snd-F">F</a><a class="jumper" href="#snd-G">G</a><a class="jumper" href="#snd-H">H</a><a class="jumper" href="#snd-I">I</a><a class="jumper" href="#snd-J">J</a><a class="jumper" href="#snd-K">K</a><a class="jumper" href="#snd-L">L</a><a class="jumper" href="#snd-M">M</a><a class="jumper" href="#snd-N">N</a><a class="jumper" href="#snd-O">O</a><a class="jumper" href="#snd-P">P</a><a class="jumper" href="#snd-Q">Q</a><a class="jumper" href="#snd-R">R</a><a class="jumper" href="#snd-S">S</a><a class="jumper" href="#snd-T">T</a><a class="jumper" href="#snd-U">U</a><a class="jumper" href="#snd-V">V</a><a class="jumper" href="#snd-W">W</a><span class="noAbbrev">X</span><span class="noAbbrev">Y</span><a class="jumper" href="#snd-Z">Z</a></p> <h4 id="snd-A" class="ancillarySubHeading">A <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <table class="abbrevTable"> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>a.</i> (with date)</td> <td><i>ante</i> = before</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">A. = Author</td> <td>(after an author’s own note)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">abbr.</td> <td>abbreviated, abbreviation</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">abr.</td> <td>abridged</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">absol.</td> <td>absolute(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">acc.</td> <td>accusative</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">accord.</td> <td>according</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">ad.</td> <td>adaptation of</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>Add.</i></td> <td>Addenda</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev"><i>adj.</i></td> <td>adjective, adjectival(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>adv.</i></td> <td>adverb, adverbial(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">affirm.</td> <td>affirmative(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Angus Gl.</td> <td><i>Glossary of the Shetland Dialect</i>, by J. S. Angus (1914)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Anon.</td> <td>Anonymous</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">ante.</td> <td>antecedent</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">aph.</td> <td>aphetic</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">App.</td> <td>Appendix</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">appar.</td> <td>apparent(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Arab.</td> <td>Arabic</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev"><i>arch.</i></td> <td>archaic</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">art.</td> <td>article</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">assim.</td> <td>assimilated, assimilation</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">assoc.</td> <td>association</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev"><i>attrib.</i></td> <td>attributive(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">aux.</td> <td>auxiliary</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">A.V.</td> <td>Authorised Version</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="snd-B" class="ancillarySubHeading">B <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <table class="abbrevTable"> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">B. and H.</td> <td><i>A Dictionary of English Plant-Names</i>, by James Britten, F.L.S., and</p> <p>Robert Holland (1886)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">B.C.</td> <td>Bannatyne Club</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Bense</td> <td><i>A Dictionary of the Low-Dutch Element in the English Vocabulary</i>,</p> <p>by J. F. Bense, Lit. Ph.D. (1926–38)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Björkman</td> <td><i>Scandinavian Loan- Words in Middle English</i>, by Erik Björkman,</p> <p>Ph.D. (1900–02)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Bk.</td> <td>Book</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">B.R.S.</td> <td>Burgh Record Society</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="snd-C" class="ancillarySubHeading">C <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <table class="abbrevTable"> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">c. (with date)</td> <td><i>Circa</i> = about</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">c.</td> <td>century</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">cent.</td> <td>century</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">centr.</td> <td>central</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>cf.</i></td> <td><i>confer</i> = compare</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">chron.</td> <td>chronological(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Cleasby and Vigfusson</td> <td><i>Icelandic–English Dictionary based on the MS. collections of the</i></p> <p>late Richard Cleasby, enlarged and completed by Gudbrand</p> <p>Vigfusson (1874)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">C.M.</td> <td><i>Cursor Mundi</i></td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">cogn.</td> <td>cognate</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">coll.</td> <td>collective(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">colloq.</td> <td>colloquial(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Colville</td> <td><i>Studies in Lowland Scots</i>, by J. Colville (1909)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">comb.</td> <td>combination</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">comm.</td> <td>common(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">comp.</td> <td>compound</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">compar.</td> <td>comparative</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Concise Eng. Dict.</td> <td><i>The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Current English</i>, adapted by H. W.</p> <p>Fowler and F. G. Fowler from <i>The Oxford Dictionary</i> (1929)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">condit.</td> <td>conditional</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>conj.</i></td> <td>conjunction, conjunctive</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">conn.</td> <td>connected</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">cons.</td> <td>consonant</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">constr.</td> <td>constructed, construction</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">contr.</td> <td>contracted, contraction</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">corr.</td> <td>corresponding to</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Cotgrave</td> <td><i>A Dictionarie of the French and English Tongues</i>, compiled by</p> <p>Randle Cotgrave (1611)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Curriehill</td> <td>John Marshall, Lord Curriehill (1794–1868), judge of the Court of</p> <p>Session, who wrote marginal notes in a copy of MacTaggart’s</p> <p><i>Gallov. Encycl.</i> now in the library of the late Mr. E. A. Hornel,</p> <p>artist, Kirkcudbright. (Gall. a.1868 Curriehill)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="snd-D" class="ancillarySubHeading">D <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <table class="abbrevTable"> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>d.</i></td> <td>died</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">(D)</td> <td>dialect, dialectal (after the county name at the start of a quotation, to indicate particularly strongly marked local dialect)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">D.A.E.</td> <td><i>A Dictionary of American English on Historical Principles</i>, compiled</p> <p>at the University of Chicago under the editorship of Sir William</p> <p>Craigie and James R. Hulbert (1936–)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Dan.</td> <td>Danish</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Danneil</td> <td><i>Worterbuch der altmarkischen platt-deutschen Mundart</i>. by Johann</p> <p>Friedrich Danneil (1859)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">dat.</td> <td>dative</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">def.</td> <td>definition</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev"><i>def. art. </i></td> <td>definite article</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">dem.</td> <td>demonstrative</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">deriv.</td> <td>derived, derivative, derivation</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">dial.</td> <td>dialect, dialectal</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Dict.</td> <td>Dictionary</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Dieth</td> <td><i>A Grammar of the Buchan Dialect (Aberdeenshire), Descriptive and</i></p> <p>Historical. Vol. I. <i>Phonology–Accidence</i>, by Eugen Dieth,</p> <p>Ph.D. (1932)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Diez</td> <td><i>An Etymological Dictionary of the Romance Languages; chiefly from</i></p> <p>the German of Friedrich Diez, by T. C. Donkin,</p> <p>B.A. (1864)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Dijkstra</td> <td><i>Friesch Woordenboek</i>, by W. Dijkstra (1900)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">dim.</td> <td>diminutive</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Dinneen</td> <td>Dinneen’s <i>Irish–English Dictionary</i></td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev"><i>D.O.S.T.</i></td> <td><i>A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue</i>, from the Twelfth Century</p> <p>to the end of the Seventeenth, by Sir William A. Craigie, LL.D.,</p> <p>D.Litt. and A. J. Aitken, M.A. (1931–)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>D.S.C.S.</i></td> <td><i>The Dialect of the Southern Counties of Scotland</i>, by J. A. H. Murray</p> <p>(1873)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Du.</td> <td>Dutch</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Dwelly</td> <td><i>The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary</i>, by E. Dwelly. F.S.A.</p> <p>Scot., F.S.G. (4th ed. 1941)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="snd-E" class="ancillarySubHeading">E <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <table class="abbrevTable"> <tbody> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">E.</td> <td>Early</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">(E)</td> <td>Eclectic = an artificial form of Scots, sometimes called synthetic</p> <p>Scots or Lallans</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">e.Ang.</td> <td>east Anglian</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">ed.</td> <td>edited, editor, edition</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev"><i>E.D.D.</i></td> <td><i>The English Dialect Dictionary</i>, by Joseph Wright, in six Volumes</p> <p>(1898–1905)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Edm. Gl.</td> <td><i>Glossary of the Dialect of Shetland and Orkney</i>, by T. Edmonston</p> <p>(1866)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev"><i>E.E.P.</i></td> <td><i>Early English Pronunciation</i>, by A. J. Ellis (1869–1889)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">E.E.T.S.</td> <td>Early English Text Society</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">ellipt.</td> <td>elliptical(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">E.M.E.</td> <td>Early Modern English</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Eng.</td> <td>English</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>Eng.–Welsh Dict.</i></td> <td>Spurrell’s <i>English–Welsh Dictionary</i> (1926)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">erron.</td> <td>erroneous(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">esp.</td> <td>especial(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">etym.</td> <td>etymology, etymological(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">euphem.</td> <td>euphemism, euphemistic(ally)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">evid.</td> <td>evident(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">ex.</td> <td>example(s)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">exc.</td> <td>except, exception</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">excl.</td> <td>exclamation, exclamatorily</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">expl.</td> <td>explained</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">expr.</td> <td>expression</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="snd-F" class="ancillarySubHeading">F <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <table class="abbrevTable"> <tbody> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Fær.</td> <td>Faeroese</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Falk and Torp</td> <td><i>Norwegisch–Danisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch</i>, by H. S.</p> <p>Falk and Alf Torp (1910–1911)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">fam.</td> <td>familiar(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Farmer and Henley</td> <td><i>A Dictionary of Slang and Colloquial English</i>, by John S. Farmer and</p> <p>W. E. Henley (1905)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">fem.</td> <td>feminine</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>fig.</i></td> <td>figurative(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev"><i>fl.</i></td> <td><i>floruit</i> = flourished</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Flem.</td> <td>Flemish</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Flom.</td> <td><i>Scandinavian Influence on Southern Lowland Scotch</i>, by G. T. Flom</p> <p>(1900)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">foll.</td> <td>following, followed</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Fr.</td> <td>French</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Francisque-Michel</td> <td><i>A Critical Inquiry into the Scottish Language</i>, by Francisque-Michel</p> <p>(1882)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Franck</td> <td>Franck’s <i>Etymologisch Woordenboek der Nederlandsche Taal</i> (1912)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">freq.</td> <td>frequent(ly), frequentative</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Fris.</td> <td>Frisian</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">fut.</td> <td>future</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="snd-G" class="ancillarySubHeading">G <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <table class="abbrevTable"> <tbody> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Gael.</td> <td>Gaelic</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Gamillscheg</td> <td><i>Etymologisches Worterbuch der Französischen Sprache</i>, ed. Ernst</p> <p>Gamillscheg (1928)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">gen.</td> <td>genitive; general(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Gen.Sc.</td> <td>General Scots = known generally wherever Lowland Scots is spoken</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Ger.</td> <td>German</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Gl.</td> <td>Glossary</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Gmc.</td> <td>Germanic</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Godefroy</td> <td><i>Lexique de L’Ancien Francais</i>, by Frederic Godefroy (1901 ed.)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Goth.</td> <td>Gothic</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Gr.</td> <td>Greek</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Gregor <i>D. Bnff</i>.</td> <td><i>Dialect of Banffshire</i>, by W. Gregor (1866)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="snd-H" class="ancillarySubHeading">H <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <table class="abbrevTable"> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Hatz. and Darm.</td> <td><i>Dictionnaire General de la Langue Francaise</i>, by A. Hatzfeld and A.</p> <p>Darmesteter (1926)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Hebr.</td> <td>Hebrides</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">(Highland)</td> <td>representation of a Highlander’s speech by the author</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev"><i>hist.</i></td> <td>history, historical</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="snd-I" class="ancillarySubHeading">I <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <table class="abbrevTable"> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>Ib.</i></td> <td><i>Ibidem</i> = in the same place</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Icel.</td> <td>Icelandic</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>Id.</i></td> <td><i>Idem</i> = the same person (esp. when referred to as authority for a</p> <p>word)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Idg.</td> <td>Indogermanic</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">I.E.</td> <td>Indo-European</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">imit.</td> <td>imitative</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">imp.</td> <td>impression</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">imper.</td> <td>imperative</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">impers.</td> <td>impersonal(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">impf.</td> <td>imperfect</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">indef.</td> <td>indefinite</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">indic.</td> <td>indicative</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">inf.</td> <td>infinitive</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">infl.</td> <td>inflexion</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">instrum.</td> <td>instrumental</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev"><i>int.</i></td> <td>interjection</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">interrog.</td> <td>interrogative(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev"><i>intr.</i></td> <td>intransitive(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Intro.</td> <td>Introduction</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Ir.</td> <td>Irish</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">irreg.</td> <td>irregular(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">It.</td> <td>Italian</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">ital.</td> <td>italics</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="snd-J" class="ancillarySubHeading">J <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <table class="abbrevTable"> <tbody> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Jak.</td> <td><i>An Etym. Dictionary of the Norn Language in Shetland</i>, by Jakob</p> <p>Jakobson (1908 Dan. ed., 1928 Eng. tr.)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Jam.</td> <td><i>Etym. Dictionary of the Scottish Language</i>, in two volumes (1808), by</p> <p>John Jamieson</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Jam.<sup>1</sup></td> <td><i>Etym. Dictionary of the Scottish Language</i> (abr. ed.) (1818)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Jam.<sup>2</sup></td> <td><i>Supplement to the Etym. Dictionary of the Scottish Language</i>, in two</p> <p>Volumes (1825)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Jam.<sup>3</sup></td> <td>Etym. <i>Dictionary of the Scottish Language</i>, revised by J. Johnstone</p> <p>(1840–1841), in two Volumes</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Jam.<sup>4</sup></td> <td><i>Dictionary of the Scottish Language</i>, by John Jamieson, abr. by J.</p> <p>Johnstone, revised by J. Longmuir (1867)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Jam.<sup>5</sup></td> <td>Etym. <i>Dictionary of the Scottish Language</i>, revised by J. Longmuir</p> <p>and D. Donaldson (1879–1882)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Jam.<sup>6</sup></td> <td><i>Supplement to Jamieson’s Scottish Dictionary</i>, by D. Donaldson</p> <p>(1887)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Joyce</td> <td><i>English as we speak it in Ireland</i>, by P. W. Joyce, LL.D., T.C.D.,</p> <p>M.R.I.A. (2nd ed. 1910)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="snd-K" class="ancillarySubHeading">K <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <table class="abbrevTable"> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Kilian</td> <td><i>Etymologicum Teutonicæ Linguæ, sive Dictionarium</i></p> <p>Teutonico–Latinum, by C. Kilian (1772–1777)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Kluge</td> <td><i>An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language</i>, by Friedrich</p> <p>Kluge</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="snd-L" class="ancillarySubHeading">L <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <table class="abbrevTable"> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">L., Linn.</td> <td>Linnæus</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">lang.</td> <td>language</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Larsen</td> <td><i>Dansk–Norsk–Englsk Ordbog</i>, ed. A. Larsen (1910)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Lat.</td> <td>Latin</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">L.Ger.</td> <td>Low German</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev"><i>lit.</i></td> <td>literal(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>liter.</i></td> <td>literary, in literary use only</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Lith.</td> <td>Lithuanian</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">L.Sc.</td> <td>Lowland Scottish</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="snd-M" class="ancillarySubHeading">M <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <table class="abbrevTable"> <tbody> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">m., mod.</td> <td>modern</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">M.C.</td> <td>Maitland Club</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">McAlpine</td> <td><i>Gaelic Dictionary</i>, by Neil McAlpine</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">MacBain</td> <td><i>Etym. Dictionary of the Gaelic Language</i>, by A. MacBain (1896)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">MacLennan</td> <td><i>A Pronouncing and Etym. Dictionary of the Gaelic Language</i>, by</p> <p>Malcolm MacLennan (1925)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Macleod and Dewar</td> <td><i>A Dictionary of the Gaelic Language</i>, by the Rev. Dr. Norman</p> <p>Macleod and the Rev. Dr. Daniel Dewar (1893)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Marw.</td> <td><i>The Orkney Norn</i>, by H. Marwick (1929)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">masc.</td> <td>masculine</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Med. (med.)</td> <td>Mediaeval</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Med. Lat.</td> <td>Medieval Latin</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">met.</td> <td>metathetic, metathesis</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">metaph.</td> <td>metaphor, metaphorical(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Metcalfe</td> <td><i>Supplementary Dictionary of the Scottish Language</i>, with</p> <p>Introduction by W. M. Metcalfe (1910)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">M.H.Ger.</td> <td>Middle High German</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Mid. Eng.</td> <td>Middle English</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">midl.</td> <td>midland (i.e. Eng. dialect of the Midlands)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Mid.Sc.</td> <td>Middle Scots</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Misc.</td> <td>Miscellany</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">M.L.Ger.</td> <td>Middle Low German</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">M.M.Sc.</td> <td><i>Manual of Modern Scots</i>, by W. Grant and J. M. Dixon (1921)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Mont.-Fleming</td> <td><i>Notes on Jamieson’s Scottish Dictionary</i>, by J. B. Montgomerie-</p> <p>Fleming (1899)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="snd-N" class="ancillarySubHeading">N <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <table class="abbrevTable"> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>n.</i></td> <td>noun</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">naut.</td> <td>nautical</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">n.d.</td> <td>no date</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">N.E.D.</td> <td><i>A New English Dictionary</i>, ed. J. A. H. Murray, H. Bradley, W. A.</p> <p>Craigie, C. T. Onions (Oxford, 1884–1929)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">neg.</td> <td>negative(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">neut.</td> <td>neuter</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">nom.</td> <td>nominative</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Norw.</td> <td>Norwegian</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">num.</td> <td>numeral</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="snd-O" class="ancillarySubHeading">O <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <table class="abbrevTable"> <tbody> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">obj.</td> <td>object(ive)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">obs.</td> <td>obsolete</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">obsol.</td> <td>obsolescent</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">occas.</td> <td>occasional(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">O.E.</td> <td>English, before the Conquest; includes the four dialects, West Saxon,</p> <p>Kentish, Mercian and Northumbrian</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">O.Fr.</td> <td>Old French</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">O.Fris.</td> <td>Old Frisian</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">O.H.Ger.</td> <td>Old High German</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">O.I. or O.Ir.</td> <td>Old Irish</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">O.N.</td> <td>Old Norse</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">O.N.Fr.</td> <td>Old Norman French</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">onomat.</td> <td>onomatopœic</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">O.North.</td> <td>Old Northumbrian</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">orig.</td> <td>origin(al)(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">O.Sax.</td> <td>Old Saxon</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">O.Sc.</td> <td>Older Scots</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">O.Slav.</td> <td>Old Slavonic</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="snd-P" class="ancillarySubHeading">P <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <table class="abbrevTable"> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>p</i>. (with date)</td> <td><i>post</i> = after</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">p., pp.</td> <td>page, pages</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>pa.p.</i></td> <td>past participle</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">pass.</td> <td>passive(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">pa.t.</td> <td>past tense</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">perf.</td> <td>perfect</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">pers.</td> <td>personal</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">phon.</td> <td>phonetic(s)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">phr(s).</td> <td>phrase(s)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">phs.</td> <td>perhaps</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>pl.</i></td> <td>plural</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">P.L.D.</td> <td>Phonetic Description of the Language and Dialects in Vol. I., Intro.</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">pleon.</td> <td>pleonasm, pleonastic(ally)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">poet.</td> <td>poetical</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">pop.</td> <td>popular(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Port.</td> <td>Portuguese</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">poss.</td> <td>possible(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">ppl.</td> <td>participle</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>ppl.adj.</i></td> <td>participial adjective</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">ppl.phr.</td> <td>participial phrase</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>pred.</i></td> <td>predicate, predicatively</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">pref.</td> <td>prefix</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>prep.</i></td> <td>preposition</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">pres.</td> <td>present</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">pret.</td> <td>preterite</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Prim.</td> <td>Primitive</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Prim.O.E.</td> <td>Primitive Old English</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">prob.</td> <td>probable(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>pron.</i></td> <td>pronoun</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">prop.</td> <td>proper(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Prov.</td> <td>Provencal</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev"><i>Pr.p.</i></td> <td><i>Promptorium Parvulorum</i></td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>pr.p.</i></td> <td>present participle</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">pr.t.</td> <td>present tense</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">publ.</td> <td>published</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="snd-Q" class="ancillarySubHeading">Q <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <table class="abbrevTable"> <tbody> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev"><i>q.v.</i></td> <td><i>quod vide</i> = which see</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="snd-R" class="ancillarySubHeading">R <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <table class="abbrevTable"> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">reduplic.</td> <td>reduplicative</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">ref.</td> <td>reference</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">refl.</td> <td>reflexive(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">reg.</td> <td>regular(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">rel.</td> <td>relative</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">repr.</td> <td>representative, representing, etc.</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Roget</td> <td><i>An Introduction to Old French</i>, by F. F. Roget, 1887</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Rom.</td> <td>Romance—<i>i.e.</i> Latin and languages derived from it</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="snd-S" class="ancillarySubHeading">S <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <table class="abbrevTable"> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Sc.</td> <td>Scots (when no indication of a particular dialect is given); Scottish,</p> <p>Scotch</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev"><i>sc.</i></td> <td><i>scilicet</i> = that is to say</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">S.C.</td> <td>Spalding Club, New Spalding Club, Third Spalding Club</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Scand.</td> <td>Scandinavian</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Scot.</td> <td>Scotland</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev"><i>S.D.D.</i></td> <td>Chambers’s <i>Scots Dialect Dictionary</i>, by A. Warrack (1911)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">sep.</td> <td>separate</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">S.H.S.</td> <td>Scottish Historical Society</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">sing.</td> <td>singular</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Skeat</td> <td><i>Concise Etymological Dictionary of the English Language</i>, by Walter</p> <p>W. Skeat (1911)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Skr.</td> <td>Sanskrit</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">S.N.D.</td> <td>Scottish National Dictionary</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Sp.</td> <td>Spanish</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev"><i>specif.</i></td> <td>specific(ally)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>Stat. Acc.</i><sup>1</sup></td> <td><i>Statistical Account of Scotland</i> (1791–1799)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev"><i>Stat. Acc.</i><sup>2</sup></td> <td><i>New Statistical Account of Scotland</i> (1845)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>Stat. Acc.</i><sup>3</sup></td> <td><i>Third Statistical Account of Scotland</i> (of varying dates from 1951)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">St.Eng.</td> <td>Standard English</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Sth.Eng.</td> <td>Southern English—<i>i.e.</i> Standard English as spoken in the middle</p> <p>and south of England</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Stratmann</td> <td><i>A Middle-English Dictionary containing words used by English</i></p> <p>writers from the twelfth to the fifteenth century, by</p> <p>Francis Henry Stratmann (ed. H. Bradley 1891)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">S.T.S.</td> <td>Scottish Text Society</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">st.v.</td> <td>strong verb</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">subj.</td> <td>subject; subjunctive</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">subst.</td> <td>substantive(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">suff.</td> <td>suffix</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">superl.</td> <td>superlative</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>Suppl.</i></td> <td>Supplement</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev"><i>s.v.</i></td> <td><i>sub voce</i> = under the word</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Sw.</td> <td>Swedish</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Sweet, <i>A.S.</i></td> <td><i>The Student’s Dictionary of Anglo-Saxon</i>, by Henry Sweet (1897)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Sweet, <i>H.E.S.</i></td> <td><i>A History of English Sounds</i>, by Henry Sweet (1888)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">syll.</td> <td>syllable</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">syn.</td> <td>synonym(ous)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="snd-T" class="ancillarySubHeading">T <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <table class="abbrevTable"> <tbody> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">tech.</td> <td>technical(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Torp</td> <td><i>Nynorsk Etymologisk Ordbok, by Alf Torp</i> (1919)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">tr.</td> <td>transitive(ly)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>Trans.</i></td> <td>Transactions</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev"><i>transf.</i></td> <td>transferred sense</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">transl.</td> <td>translation</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Traynor <i>Gl.</i></td> <td>M. Traynor <i>English Dialect of Donegal</i> (1953)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">trs.</td> <td>transfer</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev"><i>T.S.D.C.</i></td> <td><i>Transactions of the Scottish Dialects Committee</i></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="snd-U" class="ancillarySubHeading">U <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <table class="abbrevTable"> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Un. Eng. Dict.</td> <td><i>The Universal English Dictionary</i>, edited by H. C, Wyld (1932)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">U.S.</td> <td>United States</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">usu.</td> <td>usual(ly)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="snd-V" class="ancillarySubHeading">V <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <table class="abbrevTable"> <tbody> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev"><i>v., vb.</i></td> <td>verb</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>v.</i></td> <td><i>vide</i> = see</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">var.</td> <td>variant of</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>vbl.n.</i></td> <td>verbal noun</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev"><i>vern.</i></td> <td>vernacular</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>v.i.</i></td> <td><i>vide infra</i> = see below</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev"><i>viz.</i></td> <td><i>videlicet</i> = namely</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Voc.</td> <td>vocabulary</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev"><i>v.s.</i></td> <td><i>vide supra</i> = see above</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="snd-W" class="ancillarySubHeading">W <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <table class="abbrevTable"> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Watson <i>W.-B.</i></td> <td><i>Roxburghshire Word-Book</i>, by G. Watson (1923)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Webster</td> <td><i>Webster’s New International Dictionary</i> (end ed., 1935)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Weekley</td> <td><i>Etymological Dictionary of the English Language</i>, by Ernest Weekley</p> <p>(1921)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Westergaard</td> <td><i>Studies in Prefixes and Suffixes in Middle Scottish</i>, by Elizabeth</p> <p>Westergaard (1924)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Wettstein</td> <td><i>The Phonology of a Berwickshire Dialect</i>, by Paul Wettstein (1942)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Wilson, D. <i>Burns</i></td> <td><i>The Dialect of Robert Burns as spoken in Central Ayrshire</i> by Sir</p> <p>James Wilson (1923)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Wilson <i>Cent. Scot.</i></td> <td><i>The Dialects of Central Scotland</i>, by Sir James Wilson (1926) for</p> <p>Fif., Lth.</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Wilson, L. <i>Strathearn</i></td> <td><i>Lowland Scotch as spoken in the Lower Strathearn District of</i></p> <p>Perthshire, by Sir James Wilson (1915) for Per.</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Wilson</td> <td>referring to any of the above works (differentiated by the county</p> <p>abbreviation)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">wk.v.</td> <td>weak verb</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev"><i>W.-L.</i></td> <td>Word-List</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">W.S.</td> <td>West Saxon</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="snd-X" class="ancillarySubHeading">X <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <h4 id="snd-Y" class="ancillarySubHeading">Y <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <h4 id="snd-Z" class="ancillarySubHeading">Z <span class="floatRight"><a class="toTop small jumper" href="#sndStart"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></span></h4> <table class="abbrevTable"> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td class="abbrev">Zai</td> <td><i>The Phonology of the Morebattle Dialect (East Roxburghshire)</i>, by</p> <p>Rudolf Zai, Ph.D., 1942</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td class="abbrev">Zoëga</td> <td><i>A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic</i>, by Geir T. Zoëga (1910)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="clear"></div> </div></div> <div id="footer"> <div id="footerInner"> <div id="footerText" class="small"> <p><a href="#header" class="toTop"><i class="fa fa-chevron-up" aria-hidden="true"></i> Top</a></p> <p> <a href="/copyright">Copyright </a> | <a href="/privacy">Privacy Policy</a><br /> <a href="/versions-and-changes">DSL Data Version 3.0</a><br /> </p> </div> <div id="footerSocial"> <p><a href="https://www.facebook.com/ScotsDictionars" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-square-facebook"></i></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/scotsdictionars" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-square-x-twitter"></i></a> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/scotsdictionars/" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-square-instagram"></i></a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC0ikCS9ceVHOUlH1e5QUk5A" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-square-youtube"></i></a> <a href="mailto:info@dsl.ac.uk"><i class="fa fa-envelope-square"></i></a></p> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <div id="uog" class="small"><div id="uogImage"><a href="http://www.gla.ac.uk" target="_blank"><img src="/wp-content/themes/DSL/graphics/uog-logo.jpg" alt="" /></a></div> <div id="uogText"> <a href="http://www.gla.ac.uk/" target="_blank">Website hosted by the<br />University of Glasgow</a> </div> </div> <div id="scottishGovernment" class="small"><div id="govImage"><a href="http://www.gov.scot/" target="_blank"><img src="/wp-content/themes/DSL/graphics/scottishgovernment.jpg" alt="" /></a></div> <div id="govText"> <a href="http://www.scotland.gov.uk/" target="_blank">Supported by the<br />Scottish Government</a> </div> </div> <div id="sld" class="small"> <div id="sldImage"><img src="/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/dsl-laptop-text.png" alt="" /></div> <div id="sldText">Dictionaries of the Scots Language SCIO<br />We are a Scottish Charity (SC032910)</div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> </div> </body> </html>