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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Placenta_cake_theory" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Placenta_cake_theory"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Placenta cake theory</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Placenta_cake_theory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lauzinaj" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lauzinaj"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Lauzinaj</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lauzinaj-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Preparation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Preparation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Preparation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Preparation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Regional_variations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regional_variations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Regional variations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Regional_variations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Regional variations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Regional_variations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Algeria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Algeria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Algeria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Algeria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Syria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Syria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Syria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Syria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Armenia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Armenia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Armenia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Armenia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Azerbaijan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Azerbaijan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Azerbaijan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Azerbaijan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Balkans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Balkans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Balkans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Balkans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Greece" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greece"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Greece</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greece-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iran" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iran"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Iran</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Turkey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turkey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>Turkey</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turkey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uzbek_and_Tatar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uzbek_and_Tatar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.9</span> <span>Uzbek and Tatar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uzbek_and_Tatar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.10</span> <span>Other</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Baklava</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 72 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-72" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">72 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A9" title="بقلاوة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بقلاوة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paxlava" title="Paxlava – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Paxlava" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE" title="বাক্‌লাভা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বাক্‌লাভা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Пахлава – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Пахлава" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Пахлава – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пахлава" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Пахлава – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Пахлава" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Баклава – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Баклава" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baclafa" title="Baclafa – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Baclafa" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%AC%CF%82" title="Μπακλαβάς – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μπακλαβάς" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklavo" title="Baklavo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Baklavo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7" title="باقلوا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="باقلوا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baclava" title="Baclava – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Baclava" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%94%ED%81%B4%EB%9D%BC%EB%B0%94" title="바클라바 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="바클라바" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%93%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1" title="Փախլավա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Փախլավա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE" title="बकलावा – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बकलावा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%95%D7%94" title="בקלווה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בקלווה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%90" title="ფახლავა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფახლავა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Пахлава – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Пахлава" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peqlewe" title="Peqlewe – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Peqlewe" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Баклава – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Баклава" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Пахлава – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Пахлава" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Баклава – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Баклава" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%87" title="بقلاوه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بقلاوه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Бахлава – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Бахлава" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A1" title="バクラヴァ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="バクラヴァ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paxlava" title="Paxlava – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Paxlava" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE" title="ਬਕਲਾਵਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬਕਲਾਵਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%81" title="بقلاوہ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بقلاوہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklawa" title="Baklawa – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Baklawa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baclava" title="Baclava – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Baclava" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baqlava" title="Baqlava – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Baqlava" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baclava" title="Baclava – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Baclava" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Пахлава – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пахлава" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakllavaja" title="Bakllavaja – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Bakllavaja" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Баклава – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Баклава" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D3%99%D1%85%D0%BB%D3%99%D0%B2%D3%99" title="Пәхләвә – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Пәхләвә" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2" title="บาคลาวา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="บาคลาวา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Пахлава – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пахлава" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%81" title="بقلاوہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بقلاوہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8B%D8%A7" title="باقلاۋا – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="باقلاۋا" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E4%BB%81%E8%9C%9C%E9%A5%BC" title="果仁蜜饼 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="果仁蜜饼" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90" title="באקלאווא – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="באקלאווא" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Baklava" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E7%93%A6" title="巴克拉瓦 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="巴克拉瓦" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q187495#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Layered pastry dessert</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the North Macedonian music group, see <a href="/wiki/Baklava_(band)" title="Baklava (band)">Baklava (band)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Balaclava_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Balaclava (disambiguation)">Balaclava</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox hrecipe adr"><caption class="infobox-title fn"><span>Baklava</span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Baklava(1).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Baklava%281%29.png/250px-Baklava%281%29.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Baklava%281%29.png/375px-Baklava%281%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Baklava%281%29.png/500px-Baklava%281%29.png 2x" data-file-width="772" data-file-height="515" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding-bottom:0.25em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"><a href="/wiki/Pistachio" title="Pistachio">Pistachio</a> baklava from <a href="/wiki/Gaziantep" title="Gaziantep">Gaziantep</a>, Turkey</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Course</th><td class="infobox-data">Dessert</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Place of origin</th><td class="infobox-data country-name">Ottoman Empire</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Serving temperature</th><td class="infobox-data">Cold, room temperature or re-warmed</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Main ingredients</th><td class="infobox-data ingredient"><a href="/wiki/Phyllo" class="mw-redirect" title="Phyllo">Filo</a> pastry, <a href="/wiki/Nut_(fruit)" title="Nut (fruit)">nuts</a>, syrup</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Variations</th><td class="infobox-data">Multiple</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-top:0.25em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/16px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/24px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/32px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook:Baklava" class="extiw" title="b:Cookbook:Baklava">Cookbook: Baklava</a></li><li> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Baklava" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Baklava">Media: Baklava</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Baklava</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span></span>/</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/5\/5c\/GT_Baklava.ogg\/GT_Baklava.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"GT Baklava.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5c/GT_Baklava.ogg/GT_Baklava.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:GT_Baklava.ogg" title="File:GT Baklava.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span>;<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Turkish_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Turkish language">Ottoman Turkish</a>: <span lang="ota" dir="rtl">باقلوا</span>) is a layered pastry dessert made of <a href="/wiki/Filo" title="Filo">filo</a> pastry, filled with chopped nuts, and sweetened with syrup or honey. It was one of the most popular sweet pastries of <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_cuisine" title="Ottoman cuisine">Ottoman cuisine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are several theories for the origin of the pre-Ottoman version of the dish. In modern times, it is a common dessert among cuisines of countries in <a href="/wiki/West_Asia" title="West Asia">West Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Europe" title="Southeast Europe">Southeast Europe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/North_Africa" title="North Africa">North Africa</a>. It is also enjoyed in <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>, where, although not a traditional sweet, it has carved out a niche in urban centers. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2></div> <p>The word <i>baklava</i> is first attested in English in 1650,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a borrowing from <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Turkish_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Turkish language">Ottoman Turkish</a>: <span lang="ota" dir="rtl">باقلاوه</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/bɑːklɑvɑː/</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dict_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dict-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name <i>baklava</i> is used in many languages with minor phonetic and spelling variations. The earliest known reference to baklava is in a poem by the 15th century mystic <a href="/wiki/Kaygusuz_Abdal" title="Kaygusuz Abdal">Kaygusuz Abdal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The historian Paul D. Buell argues that the word <i>baklava</i> may come from the <a href="/wiki/Mongolian_language" title="Mongolian language">Mongolian</a> root <i><span title="Mongolian-language text"><i lang="mn">baγla-</i></span></i> 'to tie, wrap up, pile up' composed with the <a href="/wiki/Turkic_languages" title="Turkic languages">Turkic</a> verbal ending <i>-v</i>;<sup id="cite_ref-Buell_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Buell-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> baγla- itself in Mongolian is a Turkic loanword.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lexicographer <a href="/wiki/Sevan_Ni%C5%9Fanyan" title="Sevan Nişanyan">Sevan Nişanyan</a> considers its oldest known forms (pre-1500) to be <i>baklağı</i> and <i>baklağu</i>, and labels it as being of Proto-Turkic origin.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another form of the word is also recorded in Persian, <span title="Persian-language text"><span lang="fa" dir="rtl">باقلبا</span></span> (<i><span title="Persian-language text"><i lang="fa-Latn">bāqlabā</i></span></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though the suffix <i>-vā</i> might suggest a Persian origin,<sup id="cite_ref-Batmanglij,_Najmieh_2007,_page_156_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Batmanglij,_Najmieh_2007,_page_156-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <i>baqla-</i> part does not appear to be <a href="/wiki/Persian_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian Language">Persian</a> and remains of unknown origin.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The linguist Tuncer Gülensoy states that the origin of baklava is <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">bakl-ı</i></span> (feed) in proto-Turkish and suffixes <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">-la-ğı</i></span> are added. The word changes as <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">bakılağı</i></span> > <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">bakılavı</i></span> > <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">baklava</i></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Arabic name <span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">بقلاوة</span></span> <i><span title="Arabic-language text"><i lang="ar-Latn">baqlāwa</i></span></i> originates from Turkish.<sup id="cite_ref-Lambraki,_p._248-249_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lambraki,_p._248-249-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <p>The three main proposals for the roots of baklava are the Greek <a href="/wiki/Placenta_cake" title="Placenta cake">placenta cake</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-faas_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-faas-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Medieval Persian (Iranian) <a href="/wiki/Lauzinaj" title="Lauzinaj">lauzinaj</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-marks_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marks-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute"><span title="The material near this tag is possibly inaccurate or nonfactual. (February 2025)">dubious</span></a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:Baklava#Semi-protected_edit_request_on_19_February_2025" title="Talk:Baklava">discuss</a></i>]</sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Central_Asian_cuisine" title="Central Asian cuisine">Central Asian</a> Turkic tradition of layered breads.<sup id="cite_ref-perry_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-perry-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are also claims attributing baklava to the <a href="/wiki/Assyrian_people" title="Assyrian people">Assyrians</a>, according to which baklava was prepared by them in the 8th century BC.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The inhabitants of the ancient <a href="/wiki/Assyria" title="Assyria">Assyrian empire</a> would prepare the sweet by layering flatbreads with chopped nuts in between, but the earliest record of modern Baklava was recorded during the Ottoman Empire.<sup id="cite_ref-sticky_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sticky-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are also some similarities between baklava and the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_cuisine" title="Ancient Greek cuisine">Ancient Greek</a> desserts <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc-Latn">gastris</i></span> (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">γάστρις</span></span>),<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc-Latn">kopte sesamis</i></span> (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">κοπτὴ σησαμίς</span></span>), and <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc-Latn">kopton</i></span> (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">κοπτόν</span></span>) found in book XIV of the <span title="Greek-language text"><i lang="el-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Deipnosophistae" title="Deipnosophistae">Deipnosophistae</a></i></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the recipe there is for a filling of nuts and honey, with a top and bottom layer of honey and ground <a href="/wiki/Sesame" title="Sesame">sesame</a> similar to modern <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Sesame_candy" class="mw-redirect" title="Sesame candy">pasteli</a></i></span> or <span title="Persian-language text"><i lang="fa-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Halva" title="Halva">halva</a></i></span>, and no dough, certainly not a flaky dough.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another recipe for a similar dessert is <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr"><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BClla%C3%A7" title="Güllaç">güllaç</a></i></span>, a dessert found in <a href="/wiki/Turkish_cuisine" title="Turkish cuisine">Turkish cuisine</a> and considered by some as the origin of baklava.<sup id="cite_ref-Husihui_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Husihui-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It consists of layers of <a href="/wiki/Filo" title="Filo">filo</a> dough that are put one by one in warmed up milk with sugar. It is served with walnut and fresh pomegranate and generally eaten during <a href="/wiki/Ramadan" title="Ramadan">Ramadan</a>. The first known documentation of <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">güllaç</i></span> is attested in a food and health manual, written in 1330 that documents <a href="/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol</a> foods called Yinshan Zhengyao (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">飮膳正要</span></span>, <i>Important Principles of Food and Drink</i>), written by <a href="/wiki/Hu_Sihui" title="Hu Sihui">Hu Sihui</a>, an ethnic Mongol court dietitian of the <a href="/wiki/Yuan_dynasty" title="Yuan dynasty">Yuan dynasty</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Buell_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Buell-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although the history of baklava is not well documented, its Turkish version was probably developed in the imperial kitchens of the <a href="/wiki/Topkap%C4%B1_Palace" title="Topkapı Palace">Topkapı Palace</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Constantinople" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Constantinople">Constantinople</a> (modern <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-perry_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-perry-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Sultan presented trays of baklava to the <a href="/wiki/Janissaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Janissaries">Janissaries</a> every 15th of the month of <a href="/wiki/Ramadan" title="Ramadan">Ramadan</a> in a ceremonial procession called the <span title="Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text"><i lang="ota-Latn">Baklava Alayı</i></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-marks_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marks-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sticky_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sticky-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Placenta_cake_theory">Placenta cake theory</h3></div> <p>Many claim that the <a href="/wiki/Placenta_cake" title="Placenta cake">placenta cake</a>, and therefore likely baklava, derived from a recipe from <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Ancient Greece</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Mayer-1989_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mayer-1989-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Homer's <i><a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a></i>, written around 800 BC, mentions thin breads sweetened with walnuts and honey.<sup id="cite_ref-Mayer-1989_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mayer-1989-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the fifth century BC, <a href="/wiki/Philoxenus_of_Cythera" title="Philoxenus of Cythera">Philoxenos</a> states in his poem "Dinner" that, in the final drinking course of a meal, hosts would prepare and serve cheesecake made with milk and honey that was baked into a pie.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The word "placenta" originally comes from the Greek language <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc-Latn">plakous</i></span> (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">πλακοῦς</span></span>), which means something "flat and broad".<sup id="cite_ref-Salaman2_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Salaman2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An early <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek language</a> mention of <i>plakous</i> as a dessert (or second table delicacy) comes from the poems of <a href="/wiki/Archestratos" class="mw-redirect" title="Archestratos">Archestratos</a>. He describes <i>plakous</i> as served with nuts or dried fruits and commends the honey-drenched Athenian version of <i>plakous</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Goldstein_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Goldstein-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Antiphanes_(comic_poet)" title="Antiphanes (comic poet)">Antiphanes</a>, a contemporary of <a href="/wiki/Archestratus" title="Archestratus">Archestratos</a>, provided an ornate description of <i>plakous</i>:<sup id="cite_ref-Goldstein_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Goldstein-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The streams of the tawny bee, mixed with the curdled river of bleating she-goats, placed upon a flat receptacle of the virgin daughter of Demeter [honey, cheese, flour], delighting in ten thousand delicate toppings – or shall I simply say plakous? </p><p>I'm for plakous. </p> <div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Antiphanes_(comic_poet)" title="Antiphanes (comic poet)">Antiphanes</a> quoted by <a href="/wiki/Athenaeus" title="Athenaeus">Athenaeus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Deipnosophists" class="mw-redirect" title="The Deipnosophists">The Deipnosophists</a></i>, 3rd century<sup id="cite_ref-Dalby155_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dalby155-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a>, the traditional <a href="/wiki/Placenta_cake" title="Placenta cake">placenta cake</a> (known as "koptoplakous", <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">κοπτοπλακοῦς</span></span>), a dish similar to baklava, was consumed.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVryonis1971482_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVryonis1971482-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The earliest known detailed recipe for placenta, from the 2nd century BC, is a honey-covered baked layered-dough dessert which <a href="/wiki/Food_historian" class="mw-redirect" title="Food historian">food historian</a> Patrick Faas identifies as the origin of baklava.<sup id="cite_ref-faas_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-faas-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Historian <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Dalby" title="Andrew Dalby">Andrew Dalby</a> speculates as to why Cato's section on bread and cakes, which he describes as "recipes in a Greek tradition", are included in <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/De_Agricultura" class="mw-redirect" title="De Agricultura">De Agricultura</a></i></span>: "Possibly Cato included them so that the owner and guests might be entertained when visiting the farm; possibly so that proper offerings might be made to the gods; more likely, I believe, so that profitable sales might be made at a neighbouring market."<sup id="cite_ref-Dalby21_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dalby21-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cato's original recipe for placenta follows: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Shape the placenta as follows: place a single row of <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Tracta_(dough)" title="Tracta (dough)">tracta</a></i></span> along the whole length of the base dough. This is then covered with the mixture [cheese and honey] from the mortar. Place another row of <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc-Latn">tracta</i></span> on top and go on doing so until all the cheese and honey have been used up. Finish with a layer of <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc-Latn">tracta</i></span>. ... place the placenta in the oven and put a preheated lid on top of it ... When ready, honey is poured over the placenta.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Cato the Elder, <i><a href="/wiki/De_Agri_Cultura" class="mw-redirect" title="De Agri Cultura">De Agri Cultura</a></i> 160 BC<sup id="cite_ref-faas_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-faas-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>According to a number of scholars, <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc-Latn">koptoplakous</i></span> (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">κοπτοπλακοῦς</span></span>) was a precursor to the modern baklava.<sup id="cite_ref-faas_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-faas-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historian <a href="/wiki/Speros_Vryonis" title="Speros Vryonis">Speros Vryonis</a> describes <i>koptoplakous</i> as a "Byzantine favorite" and "the same as the Turkish baklava",<sup id="cite_ref-Speros_Vryonis_1971,_p._482_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Speros_Vryonis_1971,_p._482-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as do other writers.<sup id="cite_ref-Salaman2_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Salaman2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">πλατσέντα</span>) is used today on the island of <a href="/wiki/Lesbos" title="Lesbos">Lesbos</a> for thin layered pastry leaves with crushed nuts, baked, and covered in syrup.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lauzinaj">Lauzinaj</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Lauzinaj" title="Lauzinaj">Lauzinaj</a></div> <p>Baklava is a common dessert in modern Arab cuisines, but the <a href="/wiki/Arabic_literature#Culinary" title="Arabic literature">Arabic language cookbook</a> <span title="Arabic-language text"><i lang="ar-Latn">Kitab al-Tabikh</i></span>, compiled by <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Sayyar_al-Warraq" title="Ibn Sayyar al-Warraq">Ibn Sayyar al-Warraq</a> in the 10th-century, does not contain any recipe for baklava.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its recipe for <a href="/wiki/Lauzinaj" title="Lauzinaj">lauzinaj</a> refers to small pieces of <a href="/wiki/Almond_paste" title="Almond paste">almond paste</a> wrapped in very thin pastry ("as thin as grasshoppers' wings") and drenched in syrup.<sup id="cite_ref-Perry2_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Perry2-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some writers say this is dessert that most closely resembles the modern baklava.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Perry_(food_writer)" title="Charles Perry (food writer)">Charles Perry</a>, however, has written that "it was not much like baklava".<sup id="cite_ref-Perry_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Perry-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are similar recipes for <span title="Persian-language text"><i lang="fa-Latn">lauzinaj</i></span> in the 13th-century <span title="Arabic-language text"><i lang="ar-Latn">Kitab al-Tabikh</i></span> by <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_bin_Hasan_al-Baghdadi" title="Muhammad bin Hasan al-Baghdadi">Muhammad bin Hasan al-Baghdadi</a>. Written in 1226 in today's <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>, the cookbook was based on an earlier collection of 9th century <a href="/wiki/Persian_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian cuisine">Persian</a>-inspired recipes.<sup id="cite_ref-marks_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marks-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Gil_Marks" title="Gil Marks">Gil Marks</a>, Middle Eastern pastry makers later developed the process of layering the ingredients.<sup id="cite_ref-marks_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marks-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Preparation">Preparation</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kaday%C4%B1f_Taksim_(4).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Kaday%C4%B1f_Taksim_%284%29.JPG/220px-Kaday%C4%B1f_Taksim_%284%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Kaday%C4%B1f_Taksim_%284%29.JPG/330px-Kaday%C4%B1f_Taksim_%284%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Kaday%C4%B1f_Taksim_%284%29.JPG/440px-Kaday%C4%B1f_Taksim_%284%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4896" data-file-height="3672" /></a><figcaption>Large <a href="/wiki/Sheet_pan" title="Sheet pan">baking sheets</a> are used for preparing baklava.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Baklava_-_Turkish_special,_80-ply.JPEG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Baklava_-_Turkish_special%2C_80-ply.JPEG/220px-Baklava_-_Turkish_special%2C_80-ply.JPEG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Baklava_-_Turkish_special%2C_80-ply.JPEG/330px-Baklava_-_Turkish_special%2C_80-ply.JPEG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Baklava_-_Turkish_special%2C_80-ply.JPEG/440px-Baklava_-_Turkish_special%2C_80-ply.JPEG 2x" data-file-width="1542" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Baklava cut in a lozenge shape</figcaption></figure> <p>Baklava is normally prepared in large pans. Many layers of <a href="/wiki/Filo" title="Filo">filo</a> dough,<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> separated with melted butter and vegetable oil, are laid in the pan. A layer of chopped nuts—typically <a href="/wiki/Walnut" title="Walnut">walnuts</a> or <a href="/wiki/Pistachio" title="Pistachio">pistachios</a>, but <a href="/wiki/Hazelnut" title="Hazelnut">hazelnuts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Almond" title="Almond">almonds</a> are also sometimes used—is placed on top, then more layers of filo. Most recipes have multiple layers of filo and nuts, though some have only top and bottom pastry. </p><p>Before baking, the dough is cut into regular pieces, often parallelograms (lozenge-shaped), triangles, diamonds or rectangles. After baking, a <a href="/wiki/Syrup" title="Syrup">syrup</a>, which may include <a href="/wiki/Honey" title="Honey">honey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rosewater" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosewater">rosewater</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Orange_flower_water" title="Orange flower water">orange flower water</a>, is poured over the cooked baklava and allowed to soak. </p><p>Baklava is usually served at room temperature, and is often garnished with nuts that have been ground up. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Regional_variations">Regional variations</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Algeria">Algeria</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Algerian_Baklawa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Algerian_Baklawa.jpg/220px-Algerian_Baklawa.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Algerian_Baklawa.jpg/330px-Algerian_Baklawa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Algerian_Baklawa.jpg/440px-Algerian_Baklawa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="1054" /></a><figcaption>Algerian <i>baklawa</i> served during <a href="/wiki/Eid_al-Fitr" title="Eid al-Fitr">Eid</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Algerian_baklawa" title="Algerian baklawa">Baklava in Algeria</a> is called <i>Baklawa</i> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a>: بقلاوة, <a href="/wiki/Tifinagh" title="Tifinagh">Tifinagh</a>: ⴱⴰⴽⵍⴰⴹⴰ). In most Algerian regions, Baklava is the centerpiece of any sweets table. This type of Baklava originates in the Algerian city of <a href="/wiki/Constantine,_Algeria" title="Constantine, Algeria">Constantine</a>. The Algerian Baklava is distinct in that <a href="/wiki/Filo" title="Filo">filo dough</a> is not used. Instead, they use another type of thin dough called <a href="/wiki/Malsouka" title="Malsouka">malsouka</a> or warqa and instead of walnuts or pistachios they use <a href="/wiki/Almond" title="Almond">almonds</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Like other forms of baklava, the layered pastry is cut into diamond-shaped pieces and has one almond placed on top of each piece before being baked. It is then soaked in a syrup of honey, sugar, and <a href="/wiki/Lemon_juice" class="mw-redirect" title="Lemon juice">lemon juice</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Syria">Syria</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B9_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7_(_7_).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B9_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7_%28_7_%29.jpg/220px-%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B9_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7_%28_7_%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B9_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7_%28_7_%29.jpg/330px-%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B9_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7_%28_7_%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B9_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7_%28_7_%29.jpg/440px-%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B9_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7_%28_7_%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Syrian baklawa</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Syrian_cuisine" title="Syrian cuisine">Syrian cuisine</a>, baklava (<a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a>: البقلاوة, <a href="/wiki/Syriac_language" title="Syriac language">Syriac</a>: ܒܩܠܘܐ) is a dessert mostly served on special occasions like <a href="/wiki/Eid_al-Fitr" title="Eid al-Fitr">Eid al-Fitr</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Observance_of_Christmas_by_country" title="Observance of Christmas by country">Syrian Christmas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is made of 24 layers of buttered phyllo dough, a filling of either chopped pistachios or chopped walnuts (walnuts are preferred) and a syrup consisting of sugar, <a href="/wiki/Orange_blossom_water" class="mw-redirect" title="Orange blossom water">orange blossom water</a>, and lemon juice.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Syrian baklava comes in many shapes, but the diamond shape is the most common one.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A Syrian baklava recipe was introduced to the Turkish city of <a href="/wiki/Gaziantep" title="Gaziantep">Gaziantep</a> in 1871 by Çelebi Güllü, who had learned the recipe from a chef in the city of <a href="/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus">Damascus</a> which transformed into the Gaziantep baklava we know today.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Armenia">Armenia</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Armenian_baklava,_Togh,_Artsakh_-_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D6%83%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1,_%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%B2,_%D4%B1%D6%80%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%AD.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Armenian_baklava%2C_Togh%2C_Artsakh_-_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D6%83%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%2C_%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%B2%2C_%D4%B1%D6%80%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%AD.jpg/220px-Armenian_baklava%2C_Togh%2C_Artsakh_-_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D6%83%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%2C_%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%B2%2C_%D4%B1%D6%80%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%AD.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Armenian_baklava%2C_Togh%2C_Artsakh_-_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D6%83%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%2C_%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%B2%2C_%D4%B1%D6%80%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%AD.jpg/330px-Armenian_baklava%2C_Togh%2C_Artsakh_-_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D6%83%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%2C_%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%B2%2C_%D4%B1%D6%80%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%AD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Armenian_baklava%2C_Togh%2C_Artsakh_-_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D6%83%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%2C_%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%B2%2C_%D4%B1%D6%80%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%AD.jpg/440px-Armenian_baklava%2C_Togh%2C_Artsakh_-_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D6%83%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%2C_%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%B2%2C_%D4%B1%D6%80%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%AD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Armenian pakhlava</figcaption></figure> <p>Armenian baklava, known in Armenian as <i>pakhlava</i> (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Փախլավա</span>) is made of layers of <a href="/wiki/Filo" title="Filo">phyllo dough</a>, a filling of cinnamon-spiced chopped walnuts, and a syrup made from <a href="/wiki/Clove" title="Clove">cloves</a>, cinnamon, lemon juice, sugar and water.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is diamond-shaped and often has either one <a href="/wiki/Hazelnut" title="Hazelnut">hazelnut</a>, almond, or half a walnut placed on each piece.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is often served at special occasions like <a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Christmas in Armenia">Armenian Christmas</a> or <a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Armenian Easter</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Armenian baklava has some variations on how many phyllo layers are supposed to be used. One variation uses 40 sheets of dough to align with the 40 days of Lent <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a> spent in the desert where he fasted.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another variation is similar to the Greek style of baklava, which is supposed to be made with 33 dough layers, referring to the years of Jesus's life.<sup id="cite_ref-Theodore_Kyriakou_and_Charles_Campion_2004_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Theodore_Kyriakou_and_Charles_Campion_2004-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city of <a href="/wiki/Gavar" title="Gavar">Gavar</a> makes Its own version of baklava. It is made with 25 dough layers, has a filling of cleaned and dried chopped walnuts, sugar and a syrup that is poured over the finished baklava consisting of <a href="/wiki/Honey" title="Honey">honey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edible_flower" title="Edible flower">flowers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This type of baklava used to be prepared in the then-Armenian city of <a href="/wiki/Bayazet" class="mw-redirect" title="Bayazet">Bayazet</a>, but the people living there immigrated to Gavar and surrounding regions in 1830.<sup id="cite_ref-george_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-george-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_DSC3172.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_DSC3172.jpg/220px-%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_DSC3172.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_DSC3172.jpg/330px-%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_DSC3172.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_DSC3172.jpg/440px-%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_DSC3172.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1176" data-file-height="973" /></a><figcaption>Azerbaijani paxlava</figcaption></figure> <p>Azerbaijani baklava (<a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_language" title="Azerbaijani language">Azerbaijani</a>: <i lang="az">Azərbaycan paxlavası</i>) is made mostly for special occasions (like <a href="/wiki/Nowruz" title="Nowruz">Nowruz</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AzerNews_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AzerNews-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Caspian_News_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Caspian_News-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pastry, <a href="/wiki/Cardamom" title="Cardamom">cardamom</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Saffron" title="Saffron">saffron</a> are used for the preparation. Nuts (mostly <a href="/wiki/Hazelnut" title="Hazelnut">hazelnuts</a>, almonds or walnuts) and sugar are used as the filling, and syrup is used as a sweetener.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ethnic groups native to different regions (like <a href="/wiki/Lezgins" title="Lezgins">Lezgins</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tat_people_(Caucasus)" title="Tat people (Caucasus)">Tat people</a>) have contributed to some regional variations.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><b>Tenbel pakhlava</b> is filled with almonds or walnuts and consists of 8-10 layers. Its top layer is coated with <a href="/wiki/Yolk" title="Yolk">yolk</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Half a <a href="/wiki/Walnut" title="Walnut">walnut</a> is placed on each diamond-shaped piece.<sup id="cite_ref-Ahmedov-1986_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ahmedov-1986-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Ganja pakhlava</b> has a filling of almond, sugar and cardamom. 18 layers of dough are used.<sup id="cite_ref-Ahmedov-1986_83-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ahmedov-1986-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Gulkand" title="Gulkand">Rose petals</a> are added to the dough.<sup id="cite_ref-Azerbaijan_State_News_Agency_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Azerbaijan_State_News_Agency-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Guba pakhlava</b> has a top layer that is coated with <a href="/wiki/Saffron" title="Saffron">saffron</a>. It uses 50 rishta layers.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Sheki pakhlava</b>, or <a href="/wiki/Sheki_Halva" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheki Halva">Sheki halva</a>, is made from rishta (dough made from <a href="/wiki/Rice_flour" title="Rice flour">rice flour</a>), filling (hazelnut, <a href="/wiki/Cardamom" title="Cardamom">cardamom</a>) and syrup.<sup id="cite_ref-Ahmedov-1986_83-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ahmedov-1986-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Azerbaijan_State_News_Agency_84-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Azerbaijan_State_News_Agency-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Balkans">Balkans</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bakllava,_%C3%ABmb%C3%ABlsir%C3%AB..jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Bakllava%2C_%C3%ABmb%C3%ABlsir%C3%AB..jpg/220px-Bakllava%2C_%C3%ABmb%C3%ABlsir%C3%AB..jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Bakllava%2C_%C3%ABmb%C3%ABlsir%C3%AB..jpg/330px-Bakllava%2C_%C3%ABmb%C3%ABlsir%C3%AB..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Bakllava%2C_%C3%ABmb%C3%ABlsir%C3%AB..jpg/440px-Bakllava%2C_%C3%ABmb%C3%ABlsir%C3%AB..jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>A tray of Albanian <i>bakllava</i> in <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanians</a> usually prepare the <i>bakllava</i> for certain religious holidays of Muslims, Catholics and Orthodox, and they popularly prepare it for the winter holiday season and the <a href="/wiki/New_Year" title="New Year">New Year</a>. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_cuisine" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina cuisine">Bosnian cuisine</a>, <i>Ružice</i> is the name of the regional variant of baklava.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Baklava also exists in <a href="/wiki/Romanian_cuisine" title="Romanian cuisine">Romanian cuisine</a>, being known as <span title="Romanian-language text"><i lang="ro">baclava</i></span> in Romanian. It is one of the most preferred desserts among Romanians together with the <i><a href="/wiki/Kanafeh" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanafeh">Kanafeh</a></i> (<span title="Romanian-language text"><i lang="ro">cataif</i></span>) and the <span title="Romanian-language text"><i lang="ro">sarailia</i></span>. In <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>, some <a href="/wiki/Turks_of_Romania" title="Turks of Romania">Turkish</a> pastry shops that sell baklava have notable popularity. They are common in the south and southeast of the country, but some also exist in its east.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Bulgaria, baklava is very popular during the winter holiday season, when people have it for dessert after dinner. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Greece">Greece</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Baklava_kymi_greece.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Baklava_kymi_greece.jpg/220px-Baklava_kymi_greece.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Baklava_kymi_greece.jpg/330px-Baklava_kymi_greece.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Baklava_kymi_greece.jpg/440px-Baklava_kymi_greece.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Greek baklava with walnuts</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Greek_cuisine" title="Greek cuisine">Greek cuisine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walnut" title="Walnut">walnuts</a> are more common than pistachios, and the dessert is flavored with <a href="/wiki/Cinnamon" title="Cinnamon">cinnamon</a>. Greek baklava (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Μπακλαβάς</span>) comes in many regional guises, with different names such as samousades, zournadakia, and masourakia. Generally speaking, in <a href="/wiki/Southern_Greece" title="Southern Greece">southern Greece</a> baklava is mostly made with chopped almonds and in the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Greece" title="Northern Greece">north</a> with walnuts. Some recipes use hazelnuts, sesame or raisins.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The syrup is made of sugar, honey, water, cinnamon and orange or lemon <a href="/wiki/Zest_(ingredient)" title="Zest (ingredient)">zest</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Greek baklava is supposed to be made with 33 <a href="/wiki/Filo" title="Filo">filo dough</a> layers, referring to the years of <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a>'s life.<sup id="cite_ref-Theodore_Kyriakou_and_Charles_Campion_2004_70-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Theodore_Kyriakou_and_Charles_Campion_2004-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the island of <a href="/wiki/Lesbos" title="Lesbos">Lesbos</a> in Greece a type of baklava is still known as <a href="/wiki/Placenta_cake" title="Placenta cake">placenta</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">πλατσέντα</span>), which is the name of an Ancient Greek pastry that is often seen as the predecessor of baklava. The latter is a baked dessert with very thinly made pastry layers and chopped nuts. The base for this modern <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">placenta</i></span> is made with leaves of <a href="/wiki/Filo" title="Filo">filo dough</a>, and nuts stacked upon each other. After baking, it is soaked in a simple syrup and sprinkled with cinnamon.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cookbook_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cookbook-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iran">Iran</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yazdi_Baqleva,_with_pistachio_topping_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Photo of baklava on wooden dish, garnished with pistachios" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Yazdi_Baqleva%2C_with_pistachio_topping_%28cropped%29.jpg/170px-Yazdi_Baqleva%2C_with_pistachio_topping_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Yazdi_Baqleva%2C_with_pistachio_topping_%28cropped%29.jpg/255px-Yazdi_Baqleva%2C_with_pistachio_topping_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Yazdi_Baqleva%2C_with_pistachio_topping_%28cropped%29.jpg/340px-Yazdi_Baqleva%2C_with_pistachio_topping_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1902" data-file-height="1588" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Yazd" title="Yazd">Yazdi</a> baklava</figcaption></figure> <p>Iranian baklava (<a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a>: <span lang="fa" dir="rtl">باقلوا</span>) is less crisp and uses less syrup than other baklava variations.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The cities of <a href="/wiki/Yazd" title="Yazd">Yazd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tabriz" title="Tabriz">Tabriz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qazvin" title="Qazvin">Qazvin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kashan" title="Kashan">Kashan</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Gilan_province" title="Gilan province">Gilan province</a> are famous for their baklava variations, which are widely distributed in <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Iranian baklava uses a combination of chopped almonds, hazelnuts or walnuts and pistachios spiced with <a href="/wiki/Saffron" title="Saffron">saffron</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cardamom" title="Cardamom">cardamom</a> or <a href="/wiki/Jasmine" title="Jasmine">jasmine</a>. For the syrup, <a href="/wiki/Rose_water" title="Rose water">rose water</a>, lemon juice, sugar, honey, and water are used.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Iranian baklava may be cut into diamonds or squares.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When it is finished it is often garnished with chopped pistachios, <a href="/wiki/Gulkand" title="Gulkand">rose petals</a>, jasmine or <a href="/wiki/Coconut" title="Coconut">coconut powder</a> depending on the region.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Turkey">Turkey</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Baklava_from_Turkey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Baklava_from_Turkey.jpg/220px-Baklava_from_Turkey.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Baklava_from_Turkey.jpg/330px-Baklava_from_Turkey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Baklava_from_Turkey.jpg/440px-Baklava_from_Turkey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Gaziantep baklava</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Turkish_cuisine" title="Turkish cuisine">Turkish cuisine</a>, baklava is traditionally filled with pistachios, walnuts or almonds (in some parts of the <a href="/wiki/Aegean_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Aegean Region">Aegean Region</a>). In the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Sea Region">Black Sea Region</a> hazelnuts are commonly used as a filling for baklava.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Hazelnut" title="Hazelnut">Hazelnuts</a> are also used as a filling for the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Turkish_desserts" title="List of Turkish desserts">Turkish dessert</a> <i><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCtl%C3%BC_Nuriye" title="Sütlü Nuriye">Sütlü Nuriye</a></i>, a lighter version of the dessert which substitutes <a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">milk</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Simple_syrup" class="mw-redirect" title="Simple syrup">simple syrup</a> used in traditional baklava recipes.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/%C5%9E%C3%B6biyet" title="Şöbiyet">Şöbiyet</a></i> is a variation that includes <a href="/wiki/Kaymak" title="Kaymak">kaymak</a><sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as the filling, in addition to the traditional nuts.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city of <a href="/wiki/Gaziantep" title="Gaziantep">Gaziantep</a> in south-central Turkey is famous for its baklava made from locally grown pistachios,<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> often served with <i><a href="/wiki/Kaymak" title="Kaymak">kaymak</a></i> cream. The dessert was introduced to Gaziantep in 1871 by Çelebi Güllü, who had learned the recipe from a chef in <a href="/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus">Damascus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2008, the Turkish patent office registered a <a href="/wiki/Geographical_indication" title="Geographical indication">geographical indication</a> for Antep Baklava,<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in 2013, <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Antep Baklavası</i></span> or <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Gaziantep Baklavası</i></span> was registered as a <a href="/wiki/Protected_Geographical_Indication" class="mw-redirect" title="Protected Geographical Indication">Protected Geographical Indication</a> by the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gaziantep baklava is the first Turkish product to receive a protected designation from the European Commission.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Uzbek_and_Tatar">Uzbek and Tatar</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_cuisine" title="Uzbek cuisine">Uzbek cuisine</a> has <span title="Uzbek-language text"><i lang="uz-Latn">pakhlava</i></span>, <span title="Uzbek-language text"><i lang="uz-Latn">puskal</i></span> or <span title="Uzbek-language text"><i lang="uz-Latn">yupka</i></span> or in <a href="/wiki/Tatar_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Tatar people">Tatar</a> <span title="Tatar-language text"><i lang="tt">yoka</i></span>, which are sweet and salty savories (<span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr"><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B6rek" title="Börek">börekler</a></i></span>) prepared with 10–12 layers of dough.<sup id="cite_ref-Lambraki,_p._248-249_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lambraki,_p._248-249-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_cuisine" title="Crimean Tatar cuisine">Crimean Tatar cuisine</a>, the <i><span title="Tatar-language text"><i lang="tt">pakhlava</i></span></i> is their variant of baklava.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other">Other</h3></div> <p>There are many variants of Baklava in <a href="/wiki/Maghrebi_cuisine" title="Maghrebi cuisine">Maghrebi cuisine</a> that are eaten to this day.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Owing to its ancient origins, <a href="/wiki/Assyrian_people" title="Assyrian people">Assyrian people</a> today continue to enjoy baklava and eat it as part of their larger cuisine.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Az%C9%99rbaycan_paxlavas%C4%B1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Azerbaijani pakhlava"><img alt="Azerbaijani pakhlava" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Az%C9%99rbaycan_paxlavas%C4%B1.jpg/120px-Az%C9%99rbaycan_paxlavas%C4%B1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Az%C9%99rbaycan_paxlavas%C4%B1.jpg/180px-Az%C9%99rbaycan_paxlavas%C4%B1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Az%C9%99rbaycan_paxlavas%C4%B1.jpg/240px-Az%C9%99rbaycan_paxlavas%C4%B1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3311" data-file-height="1696" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijani</a> pakhlava</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:G%C9%99nc%C9%99_paxlavas%C4%B1.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Ganja pakhlava"><img alt="Ganja pakhlava" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/G%C9%99nc%C9%99_paxlavas%C4%B1.JPG/120px-G%C9%99nc%C9%99_paxlavas%C4%B1.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/G%C9%99nc%C9%99_paxlavas%C4%B1.JPG/180px-G%C9%99nc%C9%99_paxlavas%C4%B1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/G%C9%99nc%C9%99_paxlavas%C4%B1.JPG/240px-G%C9%99nc%C9%99_paxlavas%C4%B1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3616" data-file-height="3191" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ganja,_Azerbaijan" title="Ganja, Azerbaijan">Ganja</a> pakhlava</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Quba_paxlavas%C4%B1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Quba pakhlava"><img alt="Quba pakhlava" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Quba_paxlavas%C4%B1.jpg/67px-Quba_paxlavas%C4%B1.jpg" decoding="async" width="67" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Quba_paxlavas%C4%B1.jpg/101px-Quba_paxlavas%C4%B1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Quba_paxlavas%C4%B1.jpg/135px-Quba_paxlavas%C4%B1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1872" data-file-height="3328" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Quba" title="Quba">Quba</a> pakhlava</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kaday%C4%B1f_Taksim_(2).JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Several types of Baklava"><img alt="Several types of Baklava" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Kaday%C4%B1f_Taksim_%282%29.JPG/120px-Kaday%C4%B1f_Taksim_%282%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Kaday%C4%B1f_Taksim_%282%29.JPG/180px-Kaday%C4%B1f_Taksim_%282%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Kaday%C4%B1f_Taksim_%282%29.JPG/240px-Kaday%C4%B1f_Taksim_%282%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4896" data-file-height="3672" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Several types of Baklava</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Armenian_baklava,_Togh,_Artsakh_-_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D6%83%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1,_%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%B2,_%D4%B1%D6%80%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%AD.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Armenian baklava"><img alt="Armenian baklava" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Armenian_baklava%2C_Togh%2C_Artsakh_-_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D6%83%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%2C_%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%B2%2C_%D4%B1%D6%80%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%AD.jpg/120px-Armenian_baklava%2C_Togh%2C_Artsakh_-_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D6%83%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%2C_%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%B2%2C_%D4%B1%D6%80%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%AD.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Armenian_baklava%2C_Togh%2C_Artsakh_-_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D6%83%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%2C_%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%B2%2C_%D4%B1%D6%80%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%AD.jpg/180px-Armenian_baklava%2C_Togh%2C_Artsakh_-_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D6%83%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%2C_%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%B2%2C_%D4%B1%D6%80%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%AD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Armenian_baklava%2C_Togh%2C_Artsakh_-_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D6%83%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%2C_%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%B2%2C_%D4%B1%D6%80%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%AD.jpg/240px-Armenian_baklava%2C_Togh%2C_Artsakh_-_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D6%83%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%2C_%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%B2%2C_%D4%B1%D6%80%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%AD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenian</a> baklava</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Baklava_ST_06.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="A tray of baklava in the Old City, Jerusalem"><img alt="A tray of baklava in the Old City, Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Baklava_ST_06.JPG/120px-Baklava_ST_06.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Baklava_ST_06.JPG/180px-Baklava_ST_06.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Baklava_ST_06.JPG/240px-Baklava_ST_06.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A tray of baklava in the <a href="/wiki/Old_City_(Jerusalem)" class="mw-redirect" title="Old City (Jerusalem)">Old City</a>, Jerusalem</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PatisseriesTunisiennes2005.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A tray of Tunisian pastries including baklava"><img alt="A tray of Tunisian pastries including baklava" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/PatisseriesTunisiennes2005.jpg/120px-PatisseriesTunisiennes2005.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/PatisseriesTunisiennes2005.jpg/180px-PatisseriesTunisiennes2005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/PatisseriesTunisiennes2005.jpg/240px-PatisseriesTunisiennes2005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2016" data-file-height="1512" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A tray of <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisian</a> pastries including baklava</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/21px-Foodlogo2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/32px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/42px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="146" data-file-height="106" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Food" title="Portal:Food">Food</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/MiddleEast_blacky.svg/21px-MiddleEast_blacky.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/MiddleEast_blacky.svg/32px-MiddleEast_blacky.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/MiddleEast_blacky.svg/42px-MiddleEast_blacky.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1551" data-file-height="1402" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Middle_East" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Middle East">Middle East</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/21px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/32px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/42px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Turkey" title="Portal:Turkey">Turkey</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/21px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/32px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/42px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Greece" title="Portal:Greece">Greece</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/21px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/32px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/42px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Egypt" title="Portal:Egypt">Egypt</a></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mille-feuille" title="Mille-feuille">Mille-feuille</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Strudel" title="Strudel">Strudel</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Sfogliatelle" class="mw-redirect" title="Sfogliatelle">Sfogliatelle</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_desserts" title="List of desserts">List of desserts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_foods_with_religious_symbolism" title="List of foods with religious symbolism">List of foods with religious symbolism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pastries" title="List of pastries">List of pastries</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/baklava">"Merriam-Webster"</a>. Merriam-Webster. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120126102543/http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/baklava">Archived</a> from the original on 2012-01-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-04-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Merriam-Webster&rft.pub=Merriam-Webster&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fbaklava&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/baklava?q=baklava">"Oxford Dictionaries"</a>. Oxford Dictionaries. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220430004615/https://languages.oup.com/">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-04-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-04-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionaries&rft.pub=Oxford+Dictionaries&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foxforddictionaries.com%2Fdefinition%2Fbaklava%3Fq%3Dbaklava&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIsin2018" class="citation book cs1">Isin, Priscilla Mary (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0D5tDwAAQBAJ"><i>Bountiful Empire: A History of Ottoman Cuisine</i></a>. Reaktion Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781780239392" title="Special:BookSources/9781780239392"><bdi>9781780239392</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220430004635/https://www.google.com/books/edition/Bountiful_Empire/0D5tDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-04-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-01-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bountiful+Empire%3A+A+History+of+Ottoman+Cuisine&rft.pub=Reaktion+Books&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9781780239392&rft.aulast=Isin&rft.aufirst=Priscilla+Mary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0D5tDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReference-OED-baklava" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/OED/9163123493">"baklava"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a></i> (Online ed.). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2FOED%2F9163123493">10.1093/OED/9163123493</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=baklava&rft.btitle=Oxford+English+Dictionary&rft.edition=Online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2FOED%2F9163123493&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1093%2FOED%2F9163123493&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/public/login/loggingin#withyourlibrary">participating institution membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/baklava">"baklava"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Merriam-Webster" title="Merriam-Webster">Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary</a></i>. Merriam-Webster.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Merriam-Webster.com+Dictionary&rft.atitle=baklava&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fbaklava&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dict-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dict_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/baklava">"baklava"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary.com" title="Dictionary.com">Dictionary.com Unabridged</a></i> (Online). n.d.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=baklava&rft.btitle=Dictionary.com+Unabridged&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dictionary.com%2Fbrowse%2Fbaklava&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIşın2013" class="citation book cs1">Işın, Priscilla Mary (2013). <i>Sherbet and Spice: The Complete Story of Turkish Sweets and Desserts</i>. I.B. Tauris. p. 32. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1848858985" title="Special:BookSources/978-1848858985"><bdi>978-1848858985</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sherbet+and+Spice%3A+The+Complete+Story+of+Turkish+Sweets+and+Desserts&rft.pages=32&rft.pub=I.B.+Tauris&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1848858985&rft.aulast=I%C5%9F%C4%B1n&rft.aufirst=Priscilla+Mary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Buell-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Buell_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Buell_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Paul D. Buell, "Mongol Empire and Turkicization: The Evidence of Food and Foodways", p. 200<i>ff</i>, in Amitai-Preiss, 1999.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSukhbaatar1997" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sukhbaatar, O. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060925074540/http://altaica.narod.ru/LIBRARY/e_sukheb.htm"><i>A Dictionary of Foreign Words in Mongolian</i></a> (in Mongolian). <a href="/wiki/Ulaanbaatar" title="Ulaanbaatar">Ulaanbaatar</a>: Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Language and Literature. p. 25. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/46685208">46685208</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://altaica.narod.ru/LIBRARY/e_sukheb.htm">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2006-09-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-10-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+Foreign+Words+in+Mongolian&rft.place=Ulaanbaatar&rft.pages=25&rft.pub=Mongolian+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+Institute+of+Language+and+Literature&rft.date=1997&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F46685208&rft.aulast=Sukhbaatar&rft.aufirst=O.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faltaica.narod.ru%2FLIBRARY%2Fe_sukheb.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nişanyan, Sevan (2009) (in Turkish). Sözlerin Soyağacı - Çağdaş Türkçenin Etimolojik Sözlüğü [Words' Family Tree - An Etymological Dictionary of Contemporary Turkish]. İstanbul. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://nisanyansozluk.com/?k=baklava">http://nisanyansozluk.com/?k=baklava</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110714184508/http://nisanyansozluk.com/?k=baklava">Archived</a> 2011-07-14 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111003184850/http://www.loghatnaameh.com/dehkhodaworddetail-e134b0f538ae4d14b9c367f1c7ee1ab4-fa.html">"Dehkhoda Persian Dictionary, باقلبا"</a>. <i>Loghatnaameh.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.loghatnaameh.com/dehkhodaworddetail-e134b0f538ae4d14b9c367f1c7ee1ab4-fa.html">the original</a> on 2011-10-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-04-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Loghatnaameh.com&rft.atitle=Dehkhoda+Persian+Dictionary%2C+%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.loghatnaameh.com%2Fdehkhodaworddetail-e134b0f538ae4d14b9c367f1c7ee1ab4-fa.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Batmanglij,_Najmieh_2007,_page_156-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Batmanglij,_Najmieh_2007,_page_156_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Batmanglij, Najmieh, <i>A Taste of Persia: An Introduction to Persian Cooking</i>, I.B.Tauris, 2007, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84511-437-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-84511-437-X">1-84511-437-X</a>, 9781845114374; page 156.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Marks, Gil, <i>Encyclopedia of Jewish Food</i>, John Wiley and Sons, 2010, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-470-39130-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-470-39130-8">0-470-39130-8</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-470-39130-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-470-39130-3">978-0-470-39130-3</a>; page 38.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"a derivation from <i>balg</i>, a common dialect form of <i>barg</i> "leaf", or from Ar. <i>baql</i> "herb" is unlikely", W. Eilers, <i>Encyclopædia Iranica</i>, <i>s.v.</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/baqlava-or-baqlava-">'bāqlavā'</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111228150904/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/baqlava-or-baqlava-">Archived</a> 2011-12-28 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGülensoy2007" class="citation book cs1">Gülensoy, Tuncer (2007). <i>Türkiye Türkcesindeki Türkçe Sözcüklerin Köken Bilgisi Sözlüğü - I</i>. Turkey: Türk Dil Kurumu. p. 106. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9751619709" title="Special:BookSources/978-9751619709"><bdi>978-9751619709</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=T%C3%BCrkiye+T%C3%BCrkcesindeki+T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e+S%C3%B6zc%C3%BCklerin+K%C3%B6ken+Bilgisi+S%C3%B6zl%C3%BC%C4%9F%C3%BC+-+I&rft.place=Turkey&rft.pages=106&rft.pub=T%C3%BCrk+Dil+Kurumu&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-9751619709&rft.aulast=G%C3%BClensoy&rft.aufirst=Tuncer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lambraki,_p._248-249-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lambraki,_p._248-249_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lambraki,_p._248-249_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Akın and Lambraki, <i>Turkish and Greek Cuisine / <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Türk ve Yunan Mutfağı</i></span></i> p. 248-249, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/975-458-484-2" title="Special:BookSources/975-458-484-2">975-458-484-2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-faas-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-faas_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-faas_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-faas_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-faas_17-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YXGlAr17oekC">Patrick Faas (2003). <i>Around the Roman Table: Food and Feasting in Ancient Rome</i>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 185f.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-marks-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-marks_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-marks_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-marks_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-marks_18-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarks2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gil_Marks" title="Gil Marks">Marks, Gil</a> (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gFK_yx7Ps7cC&pg=PA151"><i>Encyclopedia of Jewish Food</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Houghton_Mifflin_Harcourt" title="Houghton Mifflin Harcourt">Houghton Mifflin Harcourt</a>. p. 151. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0470391303" title="Special:BookSources/978-0470391303"><bdi>978-0470391303</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Jewish+Food&rft.pages=151&rft.pub=Houghton+Mifflin+Harcourt&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0470391303&rft.aulast=Marks&rft.aufirst=Gil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgFK_yx7Ps7cC%26pg%3DPA151&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-perry-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-perry_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-perry_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Perry, Charles. "The Taste for Layered Bread among the Nomadic Turks and the Central Asian Origins of Baklava", in <i>A Taste of Thyme: Culinary Cultures of the Middle East</i> (ed. <a href="/wiki/Sami_Zubaida" title="Sami Zubaida">Sami Zubaida</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Tapper" title="Richard Tapper">Richard Tapper</a>), 1994. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-86064-603-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-86064-603-4">1-86064-603-4</a>, page 87</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAkkayaKoc2017" class="citation journal cs1">Akkaya, Ayşenur; Koc, Banu (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324107511">"Past, present and tomorrow of baklava"</a>. <i>International Rural Tourism and Development Journal</i>. <b>1</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">47–</span>50. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220430004620/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324107511_Past_Present_and_Tomorrow_of_Baklava">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-04-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-05-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Rural+Tourism+and+Development+Journal&rft.atitle=Past%2C+present+and+tomorrow+of+baklava&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E47-%3C%2Fspan%3E50&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Akkaya&rft.aufirst=Ay%C5%9Fenur&rft.au=Koc%2C+Banu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F324107511&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sticky-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sticky_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sticky_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIşın2023" class="citation web cs1">Işın, Priscilla Mary (2023-09-16). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/the-sticky-history-of-baklava-180982771/">"The Sticky History of Baklava"</a>. <i>Smithsonian Magazine</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Smithsonian+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+Sticky+History+of+Baklava&rft.date=2023-09-16&rft.aulast=I%C5%9F%C4%B1n&rft.aufirst=Priscilla+Mary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smithsonianmag.com%2Ftravel%2Fthe-sticky-history-of-baklava-180982771%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dga%2Fstris">γάστρις</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210225070801/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dga%2Fstris">Archived</a> 2021-02-25 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, <i>A Greek–English Lexicon</i>, on Perseus</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dkopto%2Fs">κοπτός</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210224142408/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dkopto%2Fs">Archived</a> 2021-02-24 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, <i>A Greek–English Lexicon</i>, on Perseus</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span title="Greek-language text"><i lang="el-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Deipnosophists" class="mw-redirect" title="Deipnosophists">Deipnosophists</a></i></span> <b>14</b>:647, discussed by Charles Perry, "The Taste for Layered Bread among the Nomadic Turks and the Central Asian Origins of Baklava", in <i>A Taste of Thyme: Culinary Cultures of the Middle East</i> (ed. <a href="/wiki/Sami_Zubaida" title="Sami Zubaida">Sami Zubaida</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Tapper" title="Richard Tapper">Richard Tapper</a>), 1994. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-86064-603-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-86064-603-4">1-86064-603-4</a>. p. 88.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Charles Perry, "The Taste for Layered Bread among the Nomadic Turks and the Central Asian Origins of Baklava", in <i>A Taste of Thyme: Culinary Cultures of the Middle East</i> (ed. <a href="/wiki/Sami_Zubaida" title="Sami Zubaida">Sami Zubaida</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Tapper" title="Richard Tapper">Richard Tapper</a>), 1994. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-86064-603-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-86064-603-4">1-86064-603-4</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Husihui-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Husihui_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHusihuiPaul_D._BuellEugene_N._AndersonCharles_Perry2010" class="citation book cs1">Husihui; Paul D. Buell; Eugene N. Anderson; Charles Perry (2010). <i>A soup for the Qan: Chinese dietary medicine of the Mongol era as seen in Hu Szu-Hui's Yin-shan cheng-yao</i> (2nd rev. and expanded ed.). Leiden: Brill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-18020-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-18020-8"><bdi>978-90-04-18020-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+soup+for+the+Qan%3A+Chinese+dietary+medicine+of+the+Mongol+era+as+seen+in+Hu+Szu-Hui%27s+Yin-shan+cheng-yao&rft.place=Leiden&rft.edition=2nd+rev.+and+expanded&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-90-04-18020-8&rft.au=Husihui&rft.au=Paul+D.+Buell&rft.au=Eugene+N.+Anderson&rft.au=Charles+Perry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAyşenur_AkkayaBanu_Koc2017" class="citation journal cs1">Ayşenur Akkaya; Banu Koc (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324107511">"Past, Present and Tomorrow of Baklava"</a>. <i>IRTAD Journal</i> (August): <span class="nowrap">47–</span>50. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2602-4462">2602-4462</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220430004620/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324107511_Past_Present_and_Tomorrow_of_Baklava">Archived</a> from the original on 30 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IRTAD+Journal&rft.atitle=Past%2C+Present+and+Tomorrow+of+Baklava&rft.issue=August&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E47-%3C%2Fspan%3E50&rft.date=2017&rft.issn=2602-4462&rft.au=Ay%C5%9Fenur+Akkaya&rft.au=Banu+Koc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F324107511&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWasti2005" class="citation journal cs1">Wasti, Syed Tanvir (2005). "The Ottoman Ceremony of the Royal Purse". <i><a href="/wiki/Middle_Eastern_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle Eastern Studies">Middle Eastern Studies</a></i>. <b>41</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">193–</span>200. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00263200500035116">10.1080/00263200500035116</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:143202946">143202946</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Middle+Eastern+Studies&rft.atitle=The+Ottoman+Ceremony+of+the+Royal+Purse&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E193-%3C%2Fspan%3E200&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00263200500035116&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A143202946%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Wasti&rft.aufirst=Syed+Tanvir&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mayer-1989-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mayer-1989_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mayer-1989_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMayer1989" class="citation news cs1">Mayer, Caroline E. (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191229205837/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/food/1989/05/03/phyllo-facts/1ca7102a-fb19-4abe-af8d-2cb17f49b98b/?noredirect=on">"Phyllo Facts"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/food/1989/05/03/phyllo-facts/1ca7102a-fb19-4abe-af8d-2cb17f49b98b/?noredirect=on">the original</a> on 2019-12-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Phyllo+Facts&rft.date=1989&rft.aulast=Mayer&rft.aufirst=Caroline+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Flifestyle%2Ffood%2F1989%2F05%2F03%2Fphyllo-facts%2F1ca7102a-fb19-4abe-af8d-2cb17f49b98b%2F%3Fnoredirect%3Don&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hoffman, Susanna. <i>The Olive and the Caper</i>. Workman Publishing Company, Inc. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781563058486" title="Special:BookSources/9781563058486">9781563058486</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Salaman2-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Salaman2_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Salaman2_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jYa3J6xrjt4C&pg=PA184">Rena Salaman, "Food in Motion the Migration of Foodstuffs and Cookery Techniques" from the Oxford Symposium on Food Cookery, Vol. 2, p. 184</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aentry%3Dplacenta">placenta</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210307120657/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aentry%3Dplacenta">Archived</a> 2021-03-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, <i>A Latin Dictionary</i>, on Perseus</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Goldstein-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Goldstein_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Goldstein_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGoldstein2015">Goldstein 2015</a>, "ancient world": "The next cake of note, first mentioned about 350 B.C.E. by two Greek poets, is <i>plakous</i>. [...] At last, we have recipes and a context to go with the name. <i>Plakous</i> is listed as a delicacy for second tables, alongside dried fruits and nuts, by the gastronomic poet Archestratos. He praises the <i>plakous</i> made in Athens because it was soaked in Attic honey from the thyme-covered slopes of Mount Hymettos. His contemporary, the comic poet Antiphanes, tells us the other main ingredients, goat’s cheese and wheat flour. Two centuries later, in Italy, Cato gives an elaborate recipe for placenta (the same name transcribed into Latin), redolent of honey and cheese. The modern Romanian <i>plăcintă</i> and the Viennese <i>Palatschinke</i>, though now quite different from their ancient Greek and Roman ancestor, still bear the same name."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDalby1998">Dalby 1998</a>, p. 155: "Placenta is a Greek word (plakounta, accusative form of plakous 'cake').</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dalby155-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dalby155_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDalby1998" class="citation book cs1">Dalby, Andrew (1998). <i>Cato on farming-De Agricultura-A modern translation with commentary</i>. p. 155.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cato+on+farming-De+Agricultura-A+modern+translation+with+commentary&rft.pages=155&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=Dalby&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAsh1995" class="citation book cs1">Ash, John (1995). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/byzantinejourney00ashj"><i>A Byzantine Journey</i></a></span>. New York: Random House Incorporated. p. 223. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84511-307-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84511-307-0"><bdi>978-1-84511-307-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Byzantine+Journey&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=223&rft.pub=Random+House+Incorporated&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-1-84511-307-0&rft.aulast=Ash&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbyzantinejourney00ashj&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFaas2005" class="citation book cs1">Faas, Patrick (2005) [1994]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YXGlAr17oekC"><i>Around the Roman Table: Food and Feasting in Ancient Rome</i></a>. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. p. 184. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-23347-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-23347-5"><bdi>978-0-226-23347-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160730151401/https://books.google.com/books?id=YXGlAr17oekC">Archived</a> from the original on 30 July 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Around+the+Roman+Table%3A+Food+and+Feasting+in+Ancient+Rome&rft.place=Chicago%2C+IL&rft.pages=184&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-226-23347-5&rft.aulast=Faas&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYXGlAr17oekC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVryonis1971482-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVryonis1971482_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVryonis1971">Vryonis 1971</a>, p. 482.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Cato/De_Agricultura/E*.html">"LacusCurtius • Cato On Agriculture — Sections 74‑90"</a>. <i>Penelope.uchicago.edu</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210713102652/https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Cato/De_Agricultura/E%2A.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-07-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-01-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Penelope.uchicago.edu&rft.atitle=LacusCurtius+%E2%80%A2+Cato+On+Agriculture+%E2%80%94+Sections+74%E2%80%9190&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpenelope.uchicago.edu%2FThayer%2FE%2FRoman%2FTexts%2FCato%2FDe_Agricultura%2FE%2A.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dalby21-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dalby21_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDalby1998">Dalby 1998</a>, p. 21</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSalaman1986">Salaman 1986</a>, p. 184; <a href="#CITEREFVryonis1971">Vryonis 1971</a>, p. 482.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAsh2006" class="citation book cs1">Ash, John (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eQCKEk1GXlYC&pg=PA223"><i>A Byzantine Journey</i></a>. Tauris Parke Paperbacks. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84511-307-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84511-307-0"><bdi>978-1-84511-307-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Byzantine+Journey&rft.pub=Tauris+Parke+Paperbacks&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-84511-307-0&rft.aulast=Ash&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeQCKEk1GXlYC%26pg%3DPA223&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Speros_Vryonis_1971,_p._482-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Speros_Vryonis_1971,_p._482_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Speros Vryonis <i>The Decline of Medieval Hellenism in Asia Minor</i>, 1971, p. 482</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFΤριανταφύλλη2015" class="citation web cs1">Τριανταφύλλη, Κική (17 October 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bostanistas.gr/?i=bostanistas.el.article&id=3528">"Πλατσέντα, από την Αγία Παρασκευή Λέσβου"</a>. <i>bostanistas.gr</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161012043857/http://www.bostanistas.gr/?i=bostanistas.el.article&id=3528">Archived</a> from the original on 12 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bostanistas.gr&rft.atitle=%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%83%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%2C+%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C+%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD+%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1+%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%AE+%CE%9B%CE%AD%CF%83%CE%B2%CE%BF%CF%85&rft.date=2015-10-17&rft.aulast=%CE%A4%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%86%CF%8D%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B7&rft.aufirst=%CE%9A%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bostanistas.gr%2F%3Fi%3Dbostanistas.el.article%26id%3D3528&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFΓιαννέτσου2014" class="citation book cs1">Γιαννέτσου, Βασιλεία Λούβαρη (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5U0iAwAAQBAJ"><i>Τα Σαρακοστιανά: 50 συνταγές για τη Σαρακοστή και τις γιορτές της από τη MAMAVASSO</i></a>. Georges Yannetsos. p. 161. <q>Η πλατσέντα είναι σαν τον πλακούντα των αρχαίων Ελλήνων, με ξηρούς καρπούς και μέλι.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%CE%A4%CE%B1+%CE%A3%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AC%3A+50+%CF%83%CF%85%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%AD%CF%82+%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1+%CF%84%CE%B7+%CE%A3%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE+%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9+%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%82+%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%81%CF%84%CE%AD%CF%82+%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82+%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C+%CF%84%CE%B7+MAMAVASSO&rft.pages=161&rft.pub=Georges+Yannetsos&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=%CE%93%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%BD%CE%AD%CF%84%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%85&rft.aufirst=%CE%92%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1+%CE%9B%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%B2%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5U0iAwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.aramcoworld.com/issue/200604/cooking.with.the.caliphs.htm">"Saudi Aramco World : Cooking with the Caliphs"</a>. <i>Archive.aramcoworld.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160218235811/http://archive.aramcoworld.com/issue/200604/cooking.with.the.caliphs.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-02-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-01-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Archive.aramcoworld.com&rft.atitle=Saudi+Aramco+World+%3A+Cooking+with+the+Caliphs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.aramcoworld.com%2Fissue%2F200604%2Fcooking.with.the.caliphs.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Perry2-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Perry2_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Perry, Charles. "What to Order in Ninth Century Baghdad," in Rodinson, Maxime, and Arthur John Arberry. "Medieval Arab Cookery." (2001). p. 223</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalloumSalloumElias2013" class="citation book cs1">Salloum, Habeeb; Salloum, Muna; Elias, Leila Salloum (2013). <i>Sweet Delights from A Thousand and One Nights: the Story of Tradition Arab Sweets</i>. Bloomsbury. pp. <span class="nowrap">45–</span>48.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sweet+Delights+from+A+Thousand+and+One+Nights%3A+the+Story+of+Tradition+Arab+Sweets&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E45-%3C%2Fspan%3E48&rft.pub=Bloomsbury&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Salloum&rft.aufirst=Habeeb&rft.au=Salloum%2C+Muna&rft.au=Elias%2C+Leila+Salloum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Perry-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Perry_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Perry, Charles. "What to Order in Ninth Century Baghdad," in Rodinson, Maxime, and Arthur John Arberry. "Medieval Arab Cookery." (2001). p. 222 "As for lauzinaj, it was not much like baklava."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DOJMAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA111">The Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America</a></i>, p. 111, at <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWagda2004" class="citation journal cs1">Wagda, Marin (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.persee.fr/doc/homig_1142-852x_2004_num_1251_1_4253">"Bricks en vrac à l'est d'Ithaque"</a>. <i>Hommes & Migrations</i>. <b>1251</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">136–</span>139. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3406%2Fhomig.2004.4253">10.3406/homig.2004.4253</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hommes+%26+Migrations&rft.atitle=Bricks+en+vrac+%C3%A0+l%27est+d%27Ithaque&rft.volume=1251&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E136-%3C%2Fspan%3E139&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3406%2Fhomig.2004.4253&rft.aulast=Wagda&rft.aufirst=Marin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.persee.fr%2Fdoc%2Fhomig_1142-852x_2004_num_1251_1_4253&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBakhaï1996" class="citation journal cs1">Bakhaï, Fatima (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.torrossa.com/en/resources/an/5093106?digital=true">"Dounia"</a>. <i>Dounia</i>: <span class="nowrap">1–</span>302.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dounia&rft.atitle=Dounia&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1-%3C%2Fspan%3E302&rft.date=1996&rft.aulast=Bakha%C3%AF&rft.aufirst=Fatima&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.torrossa.com%2Fen%2Fresources%2Fan%2F5093106%3Fdigital%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBouayed1970" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bouayed, Fatima-Zohra (1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abebooks.com/cuisine-alg%C3%A9rienne-Bouayed-Fatima-Zohra-Temps-Actuels/31073983930/bd">"La cuisine algérienne"</a>. <i>www.abebooks.com</i> (in French). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220130072632/https://www.abebooks.com/cuisine-alg%C3%A9rienne-Bouayed-Fatima-Zohra-Temps-Actuels/31073983930/bd">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-01-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Edited by Peter Scholliers (New York: Berg, 2001. xi plus 223pp. $65.00/cloth $19.50/paper)"</a>. <i>Journal of Social History</i>. <b>37</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">515–</span>517. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fjsh.2003.0189">10.1353/jsh.2003.0189</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-4529">0022-4529</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:142890270">142890270</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Social+History&rft.atitle=Food%2C+Drink+and+Identity%3A+Cooking%2C+Eating+and+Drinking+in+Europe+Since+the+Middle+Ages.+Edited+by+Peter+Scholliers+%28New+York%3A+Berg%2C+2001.+xi+plus+223pp.+%2465.00%2Fcloth+%2419.50%2Fpaper%29&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E515-%3C%2Fspan%3E517&rft.date=2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A142890270%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0022-4529&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fjsh.2003.0189&rft.aulast=Petrick&rft.aufirst=G.+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F224003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBertrand2009" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bertrand, Georges (2009-07-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journals.openedition.org/hommesmigrations/313">"Turquie, France : le voyage des mots"</a>. <i>Hommes & migrations. Revue française de référence sur les dynamiques migratoires</i> (in French) (1280): <span class="nowrap">100–</span>104. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4000%2Fhommesmigrations.313">10.4000/hommesmigrations.313</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1142-852X">1142-852X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hommes+%26+migrations.+Revue+fran%C3%A7aise+de+r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence+sur+les+dynamiques+migratoires&rft.atitle=Turquie%2C+France+%3A+le+voyage+des+mots&rft.issue=1280&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E100-%3C%2Fspan%3E104&rft.date=2009-07-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4000%2Fhommesmigrations.313&rft.issn=1142-852X&rft.aulast=Bertrand&rft.aufirst=Georges&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjournals.openedition.org%2Fhommesmigrations%2F313&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScholliers2001" class="citation journal cs1">Scholliers, Peter (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/224003">"Food, Drink and Identity. Cooking, Eating and Drinking in Europe since the Middle Ages"</a>. <i>Academia</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Academia&rft.atitle=Food%2C+Drink+and+Identity.+Cooking%2C+Eating+and+Drinking+in+Europe+since+the+Middle+Ages&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Scholliers&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F224003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWagda2003" class="citation journal cs1">Wagda, Marin (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.persee.fr/doc/homig_1142-852x_2003_num_1245_1_4076">"Bricks, boureks et briouates"</a>. <i>Hommes & Migrations</i>. <b>1245</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">125–</span>127. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3406%2Fhomig.2003.4076">10.3406/homig.2003.4076</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hommes+%26+Migrations&rft.atitle=Bricks%2C+boureks+et+briouates&rft.volume=1245&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E125-%3C%2Fspan%3E127&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3406%2Fhomig.2003.4076&rft.aulast=Wagda&rft.aufirst=Marin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.persee.fr%2Fdoc%2Fhomig_1142-852x_2003_num_1245_1_4076&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_A._Shoup2008" class="citation book cs1">John A. Shoup (2008). <i>Culture and Customs of Syria</i>. Bloomsbury Academic. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0313344565" title="Special:BookSources/978-0313344565"><bdi>978-0313344565</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Culture+and+Customs+of+Syria&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Academic&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0313344565&rft.au=John+A.+Shoup&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFImad_Alarnab2023" class="citation book cs1">Imad Alarnab (6 July 2023). <i>Syrian Kitchen</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-11-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sweet+journey+of+G%C3%BCll%C3%BCo%C4%9Flu+baklava&rft.date=2009-01-02&rft.aulast=Brunner&rft.aufirst=Esther&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hurriyet.com.tr%2Fgundem%2Fsweet-journey-of-gulluoglu-baklava-10682696&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHogrogian2014" class="citation book cs1">Hogrogian, Rachel (2014). <i>The Armenian Cookbook</i>. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1497387065" title="Special:BookSources/978-1497387065"><bdi>978-1497387065</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Armenian+Cookbook&rft.pub=CreateSpace+Independent+Publishing+Platform&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1497387065&rft.aulast=Hogrogian&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.floatingkitchen.net/p-is-for-paklava/">"Armenian Pakhlava"</a>. <i>Floating Kitchen</i>. 20 December 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Floating+Kitchen&rft.atitle=Armenian+Pakhlava&rft.date=2019-12-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.floatingkitchen.net%2Fp-is-for-paklava%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.edunclub.ru/recipe/145546-baklava-armenian/">"Пахлава армянская"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.edunclub.ru%2Frecipe%2F145546-baklava-armenian%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The flower of paradise and other Armenian tales</i> by Bonnie C. 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Knopf Doubleday Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1400077762" title="Special:BookSources/978-1400077762"><bdi>978-1400077762</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Language+of+Baklava&rft.pub=Knopf+Doubleday+Publishing&rft.date=2006-03-14&rft.isbn=978-1400077762&rft.aulast=Abu-Jaber&rft.aufirst=Diana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mirrorspectator.com/2023/01/05/recipe-corner-chocolate-walnut-raisin-baklava-with-california-raisins/">"Recipe Corner: Chocolate Walnut-Raisin Baklava with California Raisins"</a>. <i>Mirror-Spectator</i>. 5 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mirror-Spectator&rft.atitle=Recipe+Corner%3A+Chocolate+Walnut-Raisin+Baklava+with+California+Raisins&rft.date=2023-01-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmirrorspectator.com%2F2023%2F01%2F05%2Frecipe-corner-chocolate-walnut-raisin-baklava-with-california-raisins%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thearmeniankitchen.com/paklava-traditional-style/">"Paklava – Traditional Style"</a>. <i>The Armenian Kitchen</i>. 12 April 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Armenian+Kitchen&rft.atitle=Paklava+%E2%80%93+Traditional+Style&rft.date=2011-04-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthearmeniankitchen.com%2Fpaklava-traditional-style%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPetrosianUnderwood2006" class="citation book cs1">Petrosian, I.; Underwood, D. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0oXYX9Qzx9oC&pg=PA47"><i>Armenian Food: Fact, Fiction & Folklore</i></a>. Armenian Research Center collection. Yerkir Publishing. p. 47. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4116-9865-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4116-9865-9"><bdi>978-1-4116-9865-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Armenian+Food%3A+Fact%2C+Fiction+%26+Folklore&rft.series=Armenian+Research+Center+collection&rft.pages=47&rft.pub=Yerkir+Publishing&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-4116-9865-9&rft.aulast=Petrosian&rft.aufirst=I.&rft.au=Underwood%2C+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0oXYX9Qzx9oC%26pg%3DPA47&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Theodore_Kyriakou_and_Charles_Campion_2004-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Theodore_Kyriakou_and_Charles_Campion_2004_70-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Theodore_Kyriakou_and_Charles_Campion_2004_70-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTheodore_Kyriakou_and_Charles_Campion2004" class="citation book cs1">Theodore Kyriakou and Charles Campion (2004). <i>The Real Greek at Home</i>. Octopus Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1845334512" title="Special:BookSources/978-1845334512"><bdi>978-1845334512</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Real+Greek+at+Home&rft.pub=Octopus+Books&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1845334512&rft.au=Theodore+Kyriakou+and+Charles+Campion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hetq.am/en/article/84697">"Gavar Baklava: The Queen of Local Pastries, Antidote for Holiday Drinking"</a>. 29 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gavar+Baklava%3A+The+Queen+of+Local+Pastries%2C+Antidote+for+Holiday+Drinking&rft.date=2017-12-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhetq.am%2Fen%2Farticle%2F84697&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jidlonacestach.cz/en/baklava-gavar/">"Baklava Gavar"</a>. 9 July 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Baklava+Gavar&rft.date=2023-07-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jidlonacestach.cz%2Fen%2Fbaklava-gavar%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-george-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-george_73-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBournoutian2018" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/George_Bournoutian" title="George Bournoutian">Bournoutian, George</a> (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Cb9aDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT48"><i>Armenia and Imperial Decline: The Yerevan Province, 1900-1914</i></a>. 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New York: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. p. 48. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781351062602" title="Special:BookSources/9781351062602"><bdi>9781351062602</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Armenia+and+Imperial+Decline%3A+The+Yerevan+Province%2C+1900-1914&rft.place=New+York&rft.series=Routledge+Advances+in+Armenian+Studies&rft.pages=48&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9781351062602&rft.aulast=Bournoutian&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCb9aDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT48&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNazarli2018" class="citation news cs1">Nazarli, Amina (19 April 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.azernews.az/nation/79255.html">"Azerbaijanis welcome beloved Novruz holiday"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-01-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.povarenok.ru%2Frecipes%2Fshow%2F22359%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJeanne_Jacob,_Michael_Ashkenazi2014" class="citation book cs1">Jeanne Jacob, Michael Ashkenazi (2014). <i>The World Cookbook: The Greatest Recipes from Around the Globe</i>. ABC-CLIO. pp. <span class="nowrap">82–</span>83. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781610694698" title="Special:BookSources/9781610694698"><bdi>9781610694698</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+Cookbook%3A+The+Greatest+Recipes+from+Around+the+Globe&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E82-%3C%2Fspan%3E83&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9781610694698&rft.au=Jeanne+Jacob%2C+Michael+Ashkenazi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNikki_Kazimova2011" class="citation book cs1">Nikki Kazimova (2011). <i>Azerbaijan - Culture Smart!: The Essential Guide to Customs & Culture</i>. Kuperard. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781857335484" title="Special:BookSources/9781857335484"><bdi>9781857335484</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Azerbaijan+-+Culture+Smart%21%3A+The+Essential+Guide+to+Customs+%26+Culture&rft.pub=Kuperard&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9781857335484&rft.au=Nikki+Kazimova&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Ethnic Minorities in Azerbaijan</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9786130609948" title="Special:BookSources/9786130609948"><bdi>9786130609948</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ethnic+Minorities+in+Azerbaijan&rft.isbn=9786130609948&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://azcookbook.com/2008/03/18/easy-baklava/">"Easy Baklava"</a>. <i>AZ Cookbook</i>. 18 March 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AZ+Cookbook&rft.atitle=Easy+Baklava&rft.date=2008-03-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fazcookbook.com%2F2008%2F03%2F18%2Feasy-baklava%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.196flavors.com/azerbaijan-tenbel-pakhlava/">"Tenbel Baklava"</a>. 20 May 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tenbel+Baklava&rft.date=2016-05-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.196flavors.com%2Fazerbaijan-tenbel-pakhlava%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ahmedov-1986-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ahmedov-1986_83-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ahmedov-1986_83-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ahmedov-1986_83-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAhmedov1986" class="citation book cs1">Ahmedov, Ahmed-Jabir (1986). <i>Azərbaycan kulinariyası, Азербайджанская кулинария, Azerbaijan Cookery - cookbook, in Azeri, Russian & English</i>. Baku: Ishig.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Az%C9%99rbaycan+kulinariyas%C4%B1%2C+%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%2C+Azerbaijan+Cookery+-+cookbook%2C+in+Azeri%2C+Russian+%26+English&rft.place=Baku&rft.pub=Ishig&rft.date=1986&rft.aulast=Ahmedov&rft.aufirst=Ahmed-Jabir&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Azerbaijan_State_News_Agency-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Azerbaijan_State_News_Agency_84-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Azerbaijan_State_News_Agency_84-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://azertag.az/en/xeber/A_tasty_journey_through_Azerbaijan_Sheki_and_Ganja_cuisine-1198357">"A tasty journey through Azerbaijan: Sheki and Ganja cuisine"</a>. <i>Azerbaijan State News Agency</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022020630/https://azertag.az/en/xeber/A_tasty_journey_through_Azerbaijan_Sheki_and_Ganja_cuisine-1198357">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-10-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-11-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Azerbaijan+State+News+Agency&rft.atitle=A+tasty+journey+through+Azerbaijan%3A+Sheki+and+Ganja+cuisine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fazertag.az%2Fen%2Fxeber%2FA_tasty_journey_through_Azerbaijan_Sheki_and_Ganja_cuisine-1198357&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ganja.az/az/mədəniyyət/milli-mətbəx/gəncə-paxlavası">"Gəncə paxlavası"</a>. <i>Website of Ganja city of Azerbaijan</i> (in Azerbaijani). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180916213305/http://www.ganja.az/az/m%C9%99d%C9%99niyy%C9%99t/milli-m%C9%99tb%C9%99x/g%C9%99nc%C9%99-paxlavas%C4%B1">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-09-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-02-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Website+of+Ganja+city+of+Azerbaijan&rft.atitle=G%C9%99nc%C9%99+paxlavas%C4%B1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ganja.az%2Faz%2Fm%C9%99d%C9%99niyy%C9%99t%2Fmilli-m%C9%99tb%C9%99x%2Fg%C9%99nc%C9%99-paxlavas%C4%B1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://report.az/multimedia/quba-paxlavasi-bele-hazirlanir-fotoreportaj/">"Preparation of Guba pakhlava"</a>. <i>Report Information Agency</i> (in Azerbaijani). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190227182149/https://report.az/multimedia/quba-paxlavasi-bele-hazirlanir-fotoreportaj/">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-02-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-02-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Report+Information+Agency&rft.atitle=Preparation+of+Guba+pakhlava&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freport.az%2Fmultimedia%2Fquba-paxlavasi-bele-hazirlanir-fotoreportaj%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://azertag.az/xeber/CHay_sufrelerinin_bezeyi___Quba_paxlavasi-937350">"Guba pakhlava"</a>. <i>Azerbaijan State News Agency</i> (in Azerbaijani). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190227182220/https://azertag.az/xeber/CHay_sufrelerinin_bezeyi___Quba_paxlavasi-937350">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-02-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-02-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Azerbaijan+State+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Guba+pakhlava&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fazertag.az%2Fxeber%2FCHay_sufrelerinin_bezeyi___Quba_paxlavasi-937350&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManning2016" class="citation web cs1">Manning, Anneka (22 August 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sbs.com.au/food/article/2016/08/22/bakeproof-bosnian-baking">"Bakeproof: Bosnian baking : SBS Food"</a>. <i>Sbs.com.au</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161107234711/http://www.sbs.com.au/food/article/2016/08/22/bakeproof-bosnian-baking">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-11-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-01-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sbs.com.au&rft.atitle=Bakeproof%3A+Bosnian+baking+%3A+SBS+Food&rft.date=2016-08-22&rft.aulast=Manning&rft.aufirst=Anneka&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sbs.com.au%2Ffood%2Farticle%2F2016%2F08%2F22%2Fbakeproof-bosnian-baking&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSăcara-OnițaPorumbBenea2019" class="citation book cs1">Săcara-Onița, Adina; Porumb, Andra-Teodora; Benea, Ciprian Beniamin (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210501150223/https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/64667189/ITEMA_2019-DRAFT-Conference-Proceedings.pdf?1602583602=&response-content-disposition=inline%3B+filename%3DFerrari_S_Iaffaldano_N_and_Santamato_V_R.pdf&Expires=1619884310&Signature=PnJylhYa07v3YzWFQ7g5IGPNDknRr9wHYR-1fMnOg7w2Ojc562uRxkjXKpYug8DJQhsA3gYGioTRxunLLmTDnahZs-yCMJu1eYz6xmmpal14VJq6VLPqoRhy6ZP6P7KKR~ai0jGW-hV74P7SUDCTuaieNAI6bjw55fQqWVCf5UjAhFVy0xBQiS2kNV1edy9Yn5jD9mmXQPiq5xqHNXaQgXClgJXgWsA79N1IuJuiqERi9CrzsXTYhnNMXGeGHBRASSbW1RvuBXb9Cud-Mt79j~gUrdYMKZX6VBR~xp5bBDDt2AVGpodYOqzzjZBfftnWDqUUlsDEu7v5Iyo4xhRSoQ__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA#page=43">"The Evolution of the Romanian Pastry. Traditions, European Influences, New Trends"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>3rd International Scientific Conference ITEMA Recent Advances in Information Technology Tourism Economics Management and Agriculture</i>. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans. pp. <span class="nowrap">35–</span>44. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.31410%2FITEMA.2019.35">10.31410/ITEMA.2019.35</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788680194233" title="Special:BookSources/9788680194233"><bdi>9788680194233</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/64667189/ITEMA_2019-DRAFT-Conference-Proceedings.pdf?1602583602=&response-content-disposition=inline%3B+filename%3DFerrari_S_Iaffaldano_N_and_Santamato_V_R.pdf&Expires=1619884310&Signature=PnJylhYa07v3YzWFQ7g5IGPNDknRr9wHYR-1fMnOg7w2Ojc562uRxkjXKpYug8DJQhsA3gYGioTRxunLLmTDnahZs-yCMJu1eYz6xmmpal14VJq6VLPqoRhy6ZP6P7KKR~ai0jGW-hV74P7SUDCTuaieNAI6bjw55fQqWVCf5UjAhFVy0xBQiS2kNV1edy9Yn5jD9mmXQPiq5xqHNXaQgXClgJXgWsA79N1IuJuiqERi9CrzsXTYhnNMXGeGHBRASSbW1RvuBXb9Cud-Mt79j~gUrdYMKZX6VBR~xp5bBDDt2AVGpodYOqzzjZBfftnWDqUUlsDEu7v5Iyo4xhRSoQ__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA#page=43">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2021-05-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Evolution+of+the+Romanian+Pastry.+Traditions%2C+European+Influences%2C+New+Trends&rft.btitle=3rd+International+Scientific+Conference+ITEMA+Recent+Advances+in+Information+Technology+Tourism+Economics+Management+and+Agriculture&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E35-%3C%2Fspan%3E44&rft.pub=Association+of+Economists+and+Managers+of+the+Balkans&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.31410%2FITEMA.2019.35&rft.isbn=9788680194233&rft.aulast=S%C4%83cara-Oni%C8%9Ba&rft.aufirst=Adina&rft.au=Porumb%2C+Andra-Teodora&rft.au=Benea%2C+Ciprian+Beniamin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fd1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net%2F64667189%2FITEMA_2019-DRAFT-Conference-Proceedings.pdf%3F1602583602%3D%26response-content-disposition%3Dinline%253B%2Bfilename%253DFerrari_S_Iaffaldano_N_and_Santamato_V_R.pdf%26Expires%3D1619884310%26Signature%3DPnJylhYa07v3YzWFQ7g5IGPNDknRr9wHYR-1fMnOg7w2Ojc562uRxkjXKpYug8DJQhsA3gYGioTRxunLLmTDnahZs-yCMJu1eYz6xmmpal14VJq6VLPqoRhy6ZP6P7KKR~ai0jGW-hV74P7SUDCTuaieNAI6bjw55fQqWVCf5UjAhFVy0xBQiS2kNV1edy9Yn5jD9mmXQPiq5xqHNXaQgXClgJXgWsA79N1IuJuiqERi9CrzsXTYhnNMXGeGHBRASSbW1RvuBXb9Cud-Mt79j~gUrdYMKZX6VBR~xp5bBDDt2AVGpodYOqzzjZBfftnWDqUUlsDEu7v5Iyo4xhRSoQ__%26Key-Pair-Id%3DAPKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA%23page%3D43&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSemos1982" class="citation book cs1">Semos, Evelyn (1982). <i>More Than Baklava</i>. Neiman Marcus. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780960666812" title="Special:BookSources/9780960666812"><bdi>9780960666812</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=More+Than+Baklava&rft.pub=Neiman+Marcus&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=9780960666812&rft.aulast=Semos&rft.aufirst=Evelyn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlexiadou2017" class="citation book cs1">Alexiadou, Vefa (20 March 2017). <i>Greece: The Cookbook</i>. Phaidon Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0714873800" title="Special:BookSources/978-0714873800"><bdi>978-0714873800</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Greece%3A+The+Cookbook&rft.pub=Phaidon+Press&rft.date=2017-03-20&rft.isbn=978-0714873800&rft.aulast=Alexiadou&rft.aufirst=Vefa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thegreekdeli.com/traditional-greek-baklava-recipe/">"Traditional Greek Baklava Recipe"</a>. 15 May 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Traditional+Greek+Baklava+Recipe&rft.date=2021-05-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthegreekdeli.com%2Ftraditional-greek-baklava-recipe%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFΑποστολή_με" class="citation web cs1">Αποστολή με. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bostanistas.gr/?i=bostanistas.el.article&id=3528">"Πλατσέντα, από την Αγία Παρασκευή Λέσβου | Άρθρα | Bostanistas.gr : Ιστορίες για να τρεφόμαστε διαφορετικά"</a>. <i>Bostanistas.gr</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-01-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bostanistas.gr&rft.atitle=%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%83%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%2C+%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C+%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD+%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1+%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%AE+%CE%9B%CE%AD%CF%83%CE%B2%CE%BF%CF%85+%26%23124%3B+%CE%86%CF%81%CE%B8%CF%81%CE%B1+%26%23124%3B+Bostanistas.gr+%3A+%CE%99%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82+%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1+%CE%BD%CE%B1+%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%86%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5+%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC&rft.au=%CE%91%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%AE+%CE%BC%CE%B5&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bostanistas.gr%2F%3Fi%3Dbostanistas.el.article%26id%3D3528&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cookbook-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cookbook_94-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFΛούβαρη-Γιαννέτσου2014" class="citation book cs1">Λούβαρη-Γιαννέτσου, Βασιλεία (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5U0iAwAAQBAJ&q=%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%83%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1&pg=PT161">"Πλατσέντα ή γλυκόπιτα"</a>. <i>Τα Σαρακοστιανά 50 συνταγές για τη Σαρακοστή και τις γιορτές</i> [<i>Lent foods: 50 recipes for Lent and the holidays</i>].</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%83%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1+%CE%AE+%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%85%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B1&rft.btitle=%CE%A4%CE%B1+%CE%A3%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AC+50+%CF%83%CF%85%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%AD%CF%82+%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1+%CF%84%CE%B7+%CE%A3%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE+%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9+%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%82+%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%81%CF%84%CE%AD%CF%82&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=%CE%9B%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%B2%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B7-%CE%93%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%BD%CE%AD%CF%84%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%85&rft.aufirst=%CE%92%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5U0iAwAAQBAJ%26q%3D%25CF%2580%25CE%25BB%25CE%25B1%25CF%2584%25CF%2583%25CE%25AD%25CE%25BD%25CF%2584%25CE%25B1%26pg%3DPT161&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.visitgreece.gr/experiences/gastronomy/traditional-cuisine/cuisine-of-lesvos/">"Cuisine of Lesvos"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cuisine+of+Lesvos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.visitgreece.gr%2Fexperiences%2Fgastronomy%2Ftraditional-cuisine%2Fcuisine-of-lesvos%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thecaspianchef.com/2018/11/24/persian-baklava-baghlava/">"Baghlava – Persian Baklava"</a>. <i>The Caspian Chef</i>. 24 November 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Caspian+Chef&rft.atitle=Baghlava+%E2%80%93+Persian+Baklava&rft.date=2018-11-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthecaspianchef.com%2F2018%2F11%2F24%2Fpersian-baklava-baghlava%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iranhikers.com/iranian-cuisine/snacks/baklava">"Baklava in Iran"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Baklava+in+Iran&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Firanhikers.com%2Firanian-cuisine%2Fsnacks%2Fbaklava&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">N. Ramazani, "<i>Bāqlavā</i>", <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopaedia_Iranica" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopaedia Iranica">Encyclopaedia Iranica</a></i>, Volume 3, Issues 5–8, page 729.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rozinaspersiankitchen.wordpress.com/2019/07/27/baklava-kadayif/">"The Most Heavenly Baklava Kadayif"</a>. <i>Rozinas Persian Kitchen</i>. 27 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rozinas+Persian+Kitchen&rft.atitle=The+Most+Heavenly+Baklava+Kadayif&rft.date=2019-07-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frozinaspersiankitchen.wordpress.com%2F2019%2F07%2F27%2Fbaklava-kadayif%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBatmanglij2020" class="citation book cs1">Batmanglij, Najmieh (2020). <i>Cooking in Iran: Regional Recipes and Kitchen Secrets</i>. Mage Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1949445077" title="Special:BookSources/978-1949445077"><bdi>978-1949445077</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cooking+in+Iran%3A+Regional+Recipes+and+Kitchen+Secrets&rft.pub=Mage+Publishers&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-1949445077&rft.aulast=Batmanglij&rft.aufirst=Najmieh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Food and Booze: A Tin House Literary Feast, Michelle Wildgen, Nicole J. Georges, Tin House Books, 2007, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9773127-7-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-9773127-7-1">0-9773127-7-1</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9773127-7-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9773127-7-1">978-0-9773127-7-1</a>; page 200.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedeliciouscrescent.com/baklava/">"Baklava Recipe (Persian Style)"</a>. 30 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Baklava+Recipe+%28Persian+Style%29&rft.date=2023-03-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedeliciouscrescent.com%2Fbaklava%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPorter2022" class="citation book cs1">Porter, Jamaal (5 December 2022). <i>Persian Sweets</i>. Amazon Digital Services LLC - Kdp. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/979-8367005806" title="Special:BookSources/979-8367005806"><bdi>979-8367005806</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Persian+Sweets&rft.pub=Amazon+Digital+Services+LLC+-+Kdp&rft.date=2022-12-05&rft.isbn=979-8367005806&rft.aulast=Porter&rft.aufirst=Jamaal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRylee2020" class="citation book cs1">Rylee, Bryan (31 March 2020). <i>Persian Dessert Recipes</i>. Draft2Digital. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1393153382" title="Special:BookSources/978-1393153382"><bdi>978-1393153382</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Persian+Dessert+Recipes&rft.pub=Draft2Digital&rft.date=2020-03-31&rft.isbn=978-1393153382&rft.aulast=Rylee&rft.aufirst=Bryan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131004231854/http://www.wittistanbul.com/magazine/what-is-baklava-and-where-to-find-the-best-baklava-in-istanbul/">"What is baklava—and where to find the best baklava in Istanbul?"</a>. <i>Witt magazine</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wittistanbul.com/magazine/what-is-baklava-and-where-to-find-the-best-baklava-in-istanbul">the original</a> on 2013-10-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-10-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Witt+magazine&rft.atitle=What+is+baklava%E2%80%94and+where+to+find+the+best+baklava+in+Istanbul%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wittistanbul.com%2Fmagazine%2Fwhat-is-baklava-and-where-to-find-the-best-baklava-in-istanbul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.milliyet.com.tr/ihtilal-tatlisi-sutlu-nuriye-nin-trajikomik-istanbul-yerelhaber-270887/">"Ihtilal Tatlısı Sütlü Nuriye'nin Trajikomik Hikayesi"</a>. <i>Milliyet Haber</i>. 30 June 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161126195306/http://www.milliyet.com.tr/ihtilal-tatlisi-sutlu-nuriye-nin-trajikomik-istanbul-yerelhaber-270887/">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-11-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-11-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Milliyet+Haber&rft.atitle=Ihtilal+Tatl%C4%B1s%C4%B1+S%C3%BCtl%C3%BC+Nuriye%27nin+Trajikomik+Hikayesi&rft.date=2014-06-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.milliyet.com.tr%2Fihtilal-tatlisi-sutlu-nuriye-nin-trajikomik-istanbul-yerelhaber-270887%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kisikates.com.tr/tarif/kaymakli-sobiyet-tarifi-1743">"Kaymaklı Şöbiyet Tarifi"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kaymakl%C4%B1+%C5%9E%C3%B6biyet+Tarifi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kisikates.com.tr%2Ftarif%2Fkaymakli-sobiyet-tarifi-1743&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ardaninmutfagi.com/yemek-tarifleri/tatlilar/sobiyet">"Şöbiyet"</a>. <i>Arda'nın Mutfağı</i>. 9 January 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181110040607/http://www.ardaninmutfagi.com/yemek-tarifleri/tatlilar/sobiyet">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-11-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-11-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Arda%27n%C4%B1n+Mutfa%C4%9F%C4%B1&rft.atitle=%C5%9E%C3%B6biyet&rft.date=2016-01-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ardaninmutfagi.com%2Fyemek-tarifleri%2Ftatlilar%2Fsobiyet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.aramcoworld.com/issue/201503/capital.of.baklava.htm">"Capital of baklava"</a>. <i>Aramco world</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210202235118/https://archive.aramcoworld.com/issue/201503/capital.of.baklava.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-02-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Aramco+world&rft.atitle=Capital+of+baklava&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.aramcoworld.com%2Fissue%2F201503%2Fcapital.of.baklava.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrunner2009" class="citation web cs1">Brunner, Esther (2 January 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/sweet-journey-of-gulluoglu-baklava-10682696">"Sweet journey of Güllüoğlu baklava"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181110080253/http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/sweet-journey-of-gulluoglu-baklava-10682696">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-11-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-11-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sweet+journey+of+G%C3%BCll%C3%BCo%C4%9Flu+baklava&rft.date=2009-01-02&rft.aulast=Brunner&rft.aufirst=Esther&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hurriyet.com.tr%2Fgundem%2Fsweet-journey-of-gulluoglu-baklava-10682696&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111004081345/http://bsanna-news.ukrinform.ua/newsitem.php?id=3731&lang=en">"Bsanna News, February 21, 2008"</a>. Bsanna-news.ukrinform.ua. 2008-02-21. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bsanna-news.ukrinform.ua/newsitem.php?id=3731&lang=en">the original</a> on 2011-10-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-04-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bsanna+News%2C+February+21%2C+2008&rft.pub=Bsanna-news.ukrinform.ua&rft.date=2008-02-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbsanna-news.ukrinform.ua%2Fnewsitem.php%3Fid%3D3731%26lang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2013:229:0043:0046:EN:PDF">"Publication of an application pursuant to Article 50(2)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 1151/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council on quality schemes for agricultural products and foodstuffs"</a>. <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a>. 2009-10-07. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131220181920/http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2013:229:0043:0046:EN:PDF">Archived</a> from the original on 2013-12-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-12-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Publication+of+an+application+pursuant+to+Article+50%282%29%28a%29+of+Regulation+%28EU%29+No+1151%2F2012+of+the+European+Parliament+and+of+the+Council+on+quality+schemes+for+agricultural+products+and+foodstuffs&rft.pub=European+Commission&rft.date=2009-10-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feur-lex.europa.eu%2FLexUriServ%2FLexUriServ.do%3Furi%3DOJ%3AC%3A2013%3A229%3A0043%3A0046%3AEN%3APDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/greek-writers-praise-world-famous-turkish-baklava-147021">"Greek writers praise world-famous Turkish baklava"</a>. <i>Daily News</i>. October 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210131104435/https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/greek-writers-praise-world-famous-turkish-baklava-147021">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-01-31<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daily+News&rft.atitle=Greek+writers+praise+world-famous+Turkish+baklava&rft.date=2019-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hurriyetdailynews.com%2Fgreek-writers-praise-world-famous-turkish-baklava-147021&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOlga_Kovalenko2015" class="citation web cs1">Olga Kovalenko (2015-11-24). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://roadsandkingdoms.com/2015/a-taste-of-crimea-far-from-the-frontline/">"A taste of Crimea far from the frontline"</a>. <i>Roads and Kingdoms</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151208193922/http://roadsandkingdoms.com/2015/a-taste-of-crimea-far-from-the-frontline/">Archived</a> from the original on 2015-12-08<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-12-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Roads+and+Kingdoms&rft.atitle=A+taste+of+Crimea+far+from+the+frontline&rft.date=2015-11-24&rft.au=Olga+Kovalenko&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Froadsandkingdoms.com%2F2015%2Fa-taste-of-crimea-far-from-the-frontline%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoufsSmyth_Roufs2014" class="citation book cs1">Roufs, Timothy G.; Smyth Roufs, Kathleen (2014-07-29). "North Africa—The Maghreb Region". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hhXHEAAAQBAJ&q=The+Arabs+and+Turks+brought+with+them+the+Persian+inspired+method+of+filling+thin+sheets+of+dough+to+make+sweet+pastries+like+baklava"><i>Sweet Treats around the World: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/ABC-Clio" title="ABC-Clio">ABC-Clio</a> <a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury_Publishing" title="Bloomsbury Publishing">Bloomsbury Publishing</a>. p. 248. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61-069221-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61-069221-2"><bdi>978-1-61-069221-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/890981785">890981785</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-01-17</span></span> – via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>. <q>search Maghreb baklava</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=North+Africa%E2%80%94The+Maghreb+Region&rft.btitle=Sweet+Treats+around+the+World%3A+An+Encyclopedia+of+Food+and+Culture&rft.pages=248&rft.pub=ABC-Clio+Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2014-07-29&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F890981785&rft.isbn=978-1-61-069221-2&rft.aulast=Roufs&rft.aufirst=Timothy+G.&rft.au=Smyth+Roufs%2C+Kathleen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhhXHEAAAQBAJ%26q%3DThe%2BArabs%2Band%2BTurks%2Bbrought%2Bwith%2Bthem%2Bthe%2BPersian%2Binspired%2Bmethod%2Bof%2Bfilling%2Bthin%2Bsheets%2Bof%2Bdough%2Bto%2Bmake%2Bsweet%2Bpastries%2Blike%2Bbaklava&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoge2023" class="citation web cs1">Hoge, Annabella (18 December 2023). "Bela's Baklava: A Taste of Home for the Assyrian Diaspora". <i>folklife.si.edu</i>. Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=folklife.si.edu&rft.atitle=Bela%27s+Baklava%3A+A+Taste+of+Home+for+the+Assyrian+Diaspora&rft.date=2023-12-18&rft.aulast=Hoge&rft.aufirst=Annabella&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#cite_web_url" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmitai-PreissMorgan1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Reuven_Amitai-Preiss" class="mw-redirect" title="Reuven Amitai-Preiss">Amitai-Preiss, Reuven</a>; Morgan, David O., eds. 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(2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jbi6BwAAQBAJ"><i>The Oxford Companion to Sugar and Sweets</i></a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0199313396" title="Special:BookSources/978-0199313396"><bdi>978-0199313396</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Companion+to+Sugar+and+Sweets&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0199313396&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Djbi6BwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPerry1994" class="citation book cs1">Perry, Charles (1994). "The Taste for Layered Bread among the Nomadic Turks and the Central Asian Origins of Baklava". In <a href="/wiki/Sami_Zubaida" title="Sami Zubaida">Zubaida, Sami</a>; <a href="/wiki/Richard_Tapper" title="Richard Tapper">Tapper, Richard</a> (eds.). <i>A Taste of Thyme: Culinary Cultures of the Middle East</i>. Bloomsbury USA. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-86064-603-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-86064-603-4"><bdi>1-86064-603-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Taste+for+Layered+Bread+among+the+Nomadic+Turks+and+the+Central+Asian+Origins+of+Baklava&rft.btitle=A+Taste+of+Thyme%3A+Culinary+Cultures+of+the+Middle+East&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+USA&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=1-86064-603-4&rft.aulast=Perry&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPerry2001" class="citation book cs1">Perry, Charles (2001). "Studies in Arabic Manuscripts". In Rodinson, Maxime; Arberry, Arthur John (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EbHYAAAAMAAJ"><i>Medieval Arab Cookery</i></a>. Totnes: Prospect Books. pp. <span class="nowrap">91–</span>163. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0907325912" title="Special:BookSources/0907325912"><bdi>0907325912</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Studies+in+Arabic+Manuscripts&rft.btitle=Medieval+Arab+Cookery&rft.place=Totnes&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E91-%3C%2Fspan%3E163&rft.pub=Prospect+Books&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0907325912&rft.aulast=Perry&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEbHYAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoden1986" class="citation book cs1">Roden, Claudia (1986). <i>A New Book of Middle Eastern Food</i>. Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-14-046588-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-14-046588-X"><bdi>0-14-046588-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+New+Book+of+Middle+Eastern+Food&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=0-14-046588-X&rft.aulast=Roden&rft.aufirst=Claudia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalaman1986" class="citation book cs1">Salaman, Rena (1986). "The Case of the Missing Fish, or <i>Dolmathon Prolegomena</i> (1984)". In Davidson, Alan (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jYa3J6xrjt4C"><i>Oxford Symposium on Food & Cookery 1984 & 1985, Cookery: Science, Lore and Books Proceedings</i></a>. London: Prospect Books Limited. pp. <span class="nowrap">184–</span>187. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780907325161" title="Special:BookSources/9780907325161"><bdi>9780907325161</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Case+of+the+Missing+Fish%2C+or+Dolmathon+Prolegomena+%281984%29&rft.btitle=Oxford+Symposium+on+Food+%26+Cookery+1984+%26+1985%2C+Cookery%3A+Science%2C+Lore+and+Books+Proceedings&rft.place=London&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E184-%3C%2Fspan%3E187&rft.pub=Prospect+Books+Limited&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=9780907325161&rft.aulast=Salaman&rft.aufirst=Rena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjYa3J6xrjt4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVryonis1971" class="citation book cs1">Vryonis, Speros (1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wBpIAAAAMAAJ"><i>The Decline of Medieval Hellenism in Asia Minor and the Process of Islamization from the Eleventh through the Fifteenth Century</i></a>. Berkeley: University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-52-001597-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-52-001597-5"><bdi>978-0-52-001597-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Decline+of+Medieval+Hellenism+in+Asia+Minor+and+the+Process+of+Islamization+from+the+Eleventh+through+the+Fifteenth+Century&rft.place=Berkeley&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1971&rft.isbn=978-0-52-001597-5&rft.aulast=Vryonis&rft.aufirst=Speros&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwBpIAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span> Quoted in Perry (1994).</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWasti2005" class="citation journal cs1">Wasti, Syed Tanvir (March 2005). "The Ottoman Ceremony of the Royal Purse". <i>Middle Eastern Studies</i>. <b>41</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">193–</span>200. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00263200500035116">10.1080/00263200500035116</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:143202946">143202946</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Middle+Eastern+Studies&rft.atitle=The+Ottoman+Ceremony+of+the+Royal+Purse&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E193-%3C%2Fspan%3E200&rft.date=2005-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00263200500035116&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A143202946%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Wasti&rft.aufirst=Syed+Tanvir&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaklava" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right 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(pastry)">Chouquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croquembouche" title="Croquembouche">Croquembouche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89clair" title="Éclair">Éclair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goug%C3%A8re" title="Gougère">Gougère</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karpatka" title="Karpatka">Karpatka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady%27s_navel" title="Lady's navel">Lady's navel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moorkop" title="Moorkop">Moorkop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nun%27s_puffs" title="Nun's puffs">Nun's puffs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris%E2%80%93Brest" title="Paris–Brest">Paris–Brest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pommes_dauphine" title="Pommes dauphine">Pommes dauphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Profiterole" title="Profiterole">Profiterole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religieuse" title="Religieuse">Religieuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Honor%C3%A9_cake" title="St. Honoré cake">St. Honoré cake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Puff_pastry" title="Puff pastry">Puff pastry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beef_Wellington" title="Beef Wellington">Beef Wellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheese_straw" title="Cheese straw">Cheese straw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croline" title="Croline">Croline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croissant" title="Croissant">Croissant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galette_des_rois#France" class="mw-redirect" title="Galette des rois">Galette des rois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jambon" title="Jambon">Jambon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguelitos" title="Miguelitos">Miguelitos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mille-feuille" title="Mille-feuille">Mille-feuille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmier" title="Palmier">Palmier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastel_de_nata" title="Pastel de nata">Pastel de nata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pithivier" title="Pithivier">Pithivier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sausage_roll" title="Sausage roll">Sausage roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steak_and_kidney_pie" title="Steak and kidney pie">Steak and kidney pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strudel" title="Strudel">Strudel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarte_conversation" class="mw-redirect" title="Tarte conversation">Tarte conversation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarte_Tatin" title="Tarte Tatin">Tarte Tatin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torpedo_dessert" title="Torpedo dessert">Torpedo dessert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turnover_(food)" title="Turnover (food)">Turnovers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Poppy seed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chatti_pathiri" title="Chatti pathiri">Chatti pathiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamantash" title="Hamantash">Hamantash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kifli" title="Kifli">Kifli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolach_(cake)" title="Kolach (cake)">Kolach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%AB%C4%8Diukai" title="Kūčiukai">Kūčiukai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91imurska_gibanica" title="Međimurska gibanica">Međimurska gibanica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nunt" title="Nunt">Nunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nut_roll" title="Nut roll">Nut roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poppy_seed_roll" title="Poppy seed roll">Poppy seed roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prekmurska_gibanica" title="Prekmurska gibanica">Prekmurska gibanica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugelach" title="Rugelach">Rugelach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Martin%27s_croissant" title="St. Martin's croissant">St. Martin's croissant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexandertorte" title="Alexandertorte">Alexandertorte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allerheiligenstriezel" title="Allerheiligenstriezel">Allerheiligenstriezel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_strudel" title="Apple strudel">Apple strudel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_pakhlava" class="mw-redirect" title="Azerbaijani pakhlava">Azerbaijani pakhlava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakewell_pudding" title="Bakewell pudding">Bakewell pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banket_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Banket (food)">Banket</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Baklava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1nh_p%C3%ADa" title="Bánh pía">Bánh pía</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banitsa" title="Banitsa">Banitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bear_claw" title="Bear claw">Bear claw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belokranjska_povitica" title="Belokranjska povitica">Belokranjska povitica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethm%C3%A4nnchen" title="Bethmännchen">Bethmännchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bierock" title="Bierock">Bierock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bizcocho" title="Bizcocho">Bizcocho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boyoz" title="Boyoz">Boyoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Briouat" title="Briouat">Briouat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruttiboni" class="mw-redirect" title="Bruttiboni">Bruttiboni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulemas" title="Bulemas">Bulemas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundevara" title="Bundevara">Bundevara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chorley_cake" title="Chorley cake">Chorley cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coca_(pastry)" title="Coca (pastry)">Coca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coulibiac" title="Coulibiac">Coulibiac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coussin_de_Lyon" title="Coussin de Lyon">Coussin de Lyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cream_horn" title="Cream horn">Cream horn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cremeschnitte" title="Cremeschnitte">Cremeschnitte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croline" title="Croline">Croline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cronut" title="Cronut">Cronut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruller" title="Cruller">Cruller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_pastry" title="Cuban pastry">Cuban pastry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curry_beef_turnover" title="Curry beef turnover">Curry beef turnover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curry_puff" title="Curry puff">Curry puff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dabby-Doughs" title="Dabby-Doughs">Dabby-Doughs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_letter" title="Dutch letter">Dutch letter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eccles_cake" title="Eccles cake">Eccles cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empanada" title="Empanada">Empanada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ensa%C3%AFmada" title="Ensaïmada">Ensaïmada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fa_gao" title="Fa gao">Fa gao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fazuelos" title="Fazuelos">Fazuelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fig_roll" title="Fig roll">Fig roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish-shaped_pastry" class="mw-redirect" title="Fish-shaped pastry">Fish-shaped pastry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fla%C3%B3" title="Flaó">Flaó</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flia" title="Flia">Flia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flies%27_graveyard" title="Flies' graveyard">Flies' graveyard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franzbr%C3%B6tchen" title="Franzbrötchen">Franzbrötchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A2teau_Basque" title="Gâteau Basque">Gâteau Basque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibanica" title="Gibanica">Gibanica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6zleme" title="Gözleme">Gözleme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gundain" title="Gundain">Gundain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustavus_Adolphus_pastry" title="Gustavus Adolphus pastry">Gustavus Adolphus pastry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haddekuche" title="Haddekuche">Haddekuche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_patty" title="Haitian patty">Haitian patty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellimli" title="Hellimli">Hellimli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heong_Peng" title="Heong Peng">Heong Peng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huff_paste" title="Huff paste">Huff paste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hwangnam-ppang" title="Hwangnam-ppang">Hwangnam-ppang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jachnun" title="Jachnun">Jachnun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khachapuri" title="Khachapuri">Khachapuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knafeh" title="Knafeh">Knafeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitchener_bun" title="Kitchener bun">Kitchener bun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klob%C3%A1sn%C3%ADk" title="Klobásník">Klobásník</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kniek%C3%BCchle" title="Knieküchle">Knieküchle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolach_(cake)" title="Kolach (cake)">Kolach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kro%C5%A1tule" class="mw-redirect" title="Kroštule">Kroštule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%BCrt%C5%91skal%C3%A1cs" title="Kürtőskalács">Kürtőskalács</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lattice_(pastry)" title="Lattice (pastry)">Lattice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leipziger_Lerche" title="Leipziger Lerche">Leipziger Lerche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Cheesecake" title="London Cheesecake">London Cheesecake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lukhmi" title="Lukhmi">Lukhmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%27amoul" title="Ma'amoul">Ma'amoul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makroudh" title="Makroudh">Makroudh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malsouka" title="Malsouka">Malsouka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandelkubb" title="Mandelkubb">Mandelkubb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantecada" title="Mantecada">Mantecada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marillenkn%C3%B6del" title="Marillenknödel">Marillenknödel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mekitsa" title="Mekitsa">Mekitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguelitos" title="Miguelitos">Miguelitos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milhojas" title="Milhojas">Milhojas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk-cream_strudel" title="Milk-cream strudel">Milk-cream strudel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mille-feuille" title="Mille-feuille">Mille-feuille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moorkop" title="Moorkop">Moorkop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mouna" title="Mouna">Mouna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleonka" title="Napoleonka">Napoleonka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokul" title="Nokul">Nokul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%96%C3%A7po%C3%A7maq" class="mw-redirect" title="Öçpoçmaq">Öçpoçmaq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pain_%C3%A0_la_grecque" title="Pain à la grecque">Pain à la grecque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_dulce" title="Pan dulce">Pan dulce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastel_(food)" title="Pastel (food)">Pastel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastizz" title="Pastizz">Pastizz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastry_heart" title="Pastry heart">Pastry heart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasty" title="Pasty">Pasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A2t%C3%A9_chaud" title="Pâté chaud">Pâté chaud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peremech" title="Peremech">Peremech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirog" title="Pirog">Pirog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirozhki" title="Pirozhki">Pirozhki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pl%C4%83cint%C4%83" title="Plăcintă">Plăcintă</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop-Tarts" title="Pop-Tarts">Pop-Tarts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prekmurska_gibanica" title="Prekmurska gibanica">Prekmurska gibanica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Profiterole" title="Profiterole">Profiterole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punsch-roll" title="Punsch-roll">Punsch-roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punschkrapfen" title="Punschkrapfen">Punschkrapfen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quesito" title="Quesito">Quesito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remonce" title="Remonce">Remonce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roti_tissue" title="Roti tissue">Roti tissue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roze_koek" title="Roze koek">Roze koek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runeberg_torte" title="Runeberg torte">Runeberg torte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runza" title="Runza">Runza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sad_cake" class="mw-redirect" title="Sad cake">Sad cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schaumrolle" title="Schaumrolle">Schaumrolle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schnecken" title="Schnecken">Schnecken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schneeball_(pastry)" title="Schneeball (pastry)">Schneeball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schuxen" title="Schuxen">Schuxen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9E%C3%B6biyet" title="Şöbiyet">Şöbiyet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sou_(pastry)" title="Sou (pastry)">Sou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spritzkuchen" class="mw-redirect" title="Spritzkuchen">Spritzkuchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streusel" title="Streusel">Streusel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strudel" title="Strudel">Strudel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stutenkerl" title="Stutenkerl">Stutenkerl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweetheart_cake" title="Sweetheart cake">Sweetheart cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahini_roll" class="mw-redirect" title="Tahini roll">Tahini roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toast%27em_Pop_Ups" title="Toast'em Pop Ups">Toast'em Pop Ups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toaster_pastry" title="Toaster pastry">Toaster pastry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toaster_Strudel" title="Toaster Strudel">Toaster Strudel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tompouce" title="Tompouce">Tompouce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torpedo_dessert" title="Torpedo dessert">Torpedo dessert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tortell" class="mw-redirect" title="Tortell">Tortell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tortita_negra" title="Tortita negra">Tortita negra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tu_(cake)" title="Tu (cake)">Tu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turnover_(food)" title="Turnover (food)">Turnover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U%C5%A1tipci" title="Uštipci">Uštipci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatrushka" title="Vatrushka">Vatrushka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veka_(pastry)" title="Veka (pastry)">Veka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vetkoek" title="Vetkoek">Vetkoek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yurla_(dish)" title="Yurla (dish)">Yurla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeeuwse_bolus" title="Zeeuwse bolus">Zeeuwse bolus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDemlovka" title="Žemlovka">Žemlovka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chinese</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chasan_(pastry)" title="Chasan (pastry)">Chasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiucai_hezi" title="Jiucai hezi">Jiucai hezi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masan_(pastry)" title="Masan (pastry)">Masan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachima" title="Sachima">Sachima</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Filipino</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biscocho" title="Biscocho">Biscocho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buko_pie" title="Buko pie">Buko pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caycay" title="Caycay">Caycay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daral_(food)" title="Daral (food)">Daral (food)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinamita" title="Dinamita">Dinamita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_pie" title="Egg pie">Egg pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empanada#Philippines" title="Empanada">Empanada</a> (Pastil)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ensa%C3%AFmada" title="Ensaïmada">Ensaïmada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakpia" title="Bakpia">Hopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumpia" title="Lumpia">Lumpia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mille-feuille" title="Mille-feuille">Napoleones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngohiong" title="Ngohiong">Ngohiong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohaldre" title="Ohaldre">Ohaldre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otap_(food)" title="Otap (food)">Otap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piaya_(food)" title="Piaya (food)">Piaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilipit" title="Pilipit">Pilipit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakoy" title="Shakoy">Shakoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turon_(food)" title="Turon (food)">Turon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">French</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angel_wings" title="Angel wings">Angel wings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beignet" title="Beignet">Beignet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bichon_au_citron" title="Bichon au citron">Bichon au citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biscuit_rose_de_Reims" title="Biscuit rose de Reims">Biscuit rose de Reims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broy%C3%A9_poitevin" title="Broyé poitevin">Broyé poitevin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canel%C3%A9" title="Canelé">Canelé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chouquette" title="Chouquette">Chouquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choux_pastry" title="Choux pastry">Choux pastry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conversation_tart" title="Conversation tart">Conversation tart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croissant" title="Croissant">Croissant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croquembouche" title="Croquembouche">Croquembouche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croustade" title="Croustade">Croustade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89clair" title="Éclair">Éclair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financier_(cake)" title="Financier (cake)">Financier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goug%C3%A8re" title="Gougère">Gougère</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9suite" title="Jésuite">Jésuite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladyfinger_(biscuit)" title="Ladyfinger (biscuit)">Ladyfinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macaron" title="Macaron">Macaron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeleine_(cake)" title="Madeleine (cake)">Madeleine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nun%27s_puffs" title="Nun's puffs">Nun's puffs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pain_au_chocolat" title="Pain au chocolat">Pain au chocolat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pain_aux_raisins" title="Pain aux raisins">Pain aux raisins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmier" title="Palmier">Palmier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris%E2%80%93Brest" title="Paris–Brest">Paris–Brest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puits_d%27amour" title="Puits d'amour">Puits d'amour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religieuse" title="Religieuse">Religieuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Honor%C3%A9_cake" title="St. Honoré cake">St. Honoré cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuile" title="Tuile">Tuile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viennoiserie" title="Viennoiserie">Viennoiserie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vol-au-vent" title="Vol-au-vent">Vol-au-vent</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Greek</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amygdalopita" title="Amygdalopita">Amygdalopita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bougatsa" title="Bougatsa">Bougatsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanouropita" title="Fanouropita">Fanouropita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filo" title="Filo">Filo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaktoboureko" title="Galaktoboureko">Galaktoboureko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karydopita" title="Karydopita">Karydopita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koulourakia" title="Koulourakia">Koulourakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moustalevria" title="Moustalevria">Moustalevria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastafrola" title="Pastafrola">Pastafrola</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indonesian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahulu" title="Bahulu">Bahulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakpia" title="Bakpia">Bakpia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bakpia_pathok" title="Bakpia pathok">Bakpia pathok</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curry_puff" title="Curry puff">Curry puff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kue_makmur" title="Kue makmur">Makmur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_pie" title="Milk pie">Milk pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pie_tee" title="Pie tee">Pie tee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roti_john" title="Roti john">Roti john</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roti_tissue" title="Roti tissue">Roti tissue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Iranian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gosh-e_fil" title="Gosh-e fil">Gosh-e fil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolompeh" title="Kolompeh">Kolompeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koloocheh" title="Koloocheh">Koloocheh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komaj_sehen" title="Komaj sehen">Komaj sehen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qottab" title="Qottab">Qottab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sohan_asali" title="Sohan asali">Sohan asali</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Italian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baicoli" title="Baicoli">Baicoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biscotti" title="Biscotti">Biscotti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biscotti_di_San_Martino" title="Biscotti di San Martino">Biscotti di San Martino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biscotti_regina" title="Biscotti regina">Biscotti regina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bocconotto" title="Bocconotto">Bocconotto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombolone" title="Bombolone">Bombolone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannoli" title="Cannoli">Cannoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciarduna" title="Ciarduna">Ciarduna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornetto_(pastry)" title="Cornetto (pastry)">Cornetto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crocetta_di_Caltanissetta" title="Crocetta di Caltanissetta">Crocetta di Caltanissetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frittella_(doughnut)" title="Frittella (doughnut)">Frittole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladyfinger_(biscuit)" title="Ladyfinger (biscuit)">Ladyfinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossa_di_morto" title="Ossa di morto">Ossa di morto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandoro" title="Pandoro">Pandoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasticciotto" title="Pasticciotto">Pasticciotto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pevarini" title="Pevarini">Pevarini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pignolata" title="Pignolata">Pignolata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pignolo_(cookie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pignolo (cookie)">Pignolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pizzelle" title="Pizzelle">Pizzelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raviola_di_ricotta_nissena" class="mw-redirect" title="Raviola di ricotta nissena">Raviola di ricotta nissena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roll%C3%B2" title="Rollò">Rollò</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sfogliatella" title="Sfogliatella">Sfogliatella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spina_Santa" class="mw-redirect" title="Spina Santa">Spina Santa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Struffoli" title="Struffoli">Struffoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torta_caprese" title="Torta caprese">Torta caprese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeppola" class="mw-redirect" title="Zeppola">Zeppola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zippula" title="Zippula">Zippula</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Romanian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cornule%C8%9Be" title="Cornulețe">Cornulețe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gogo%C8%99i" title="Gogoși">Gogoși</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papana%C8%99i" title="Papanași">Papanași</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pl%C4%83cint%C4%83" title="Plăcintă">Plăcintă</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sfin%C8%9Bi%C8%99ori" title="Sfințișori">Sfințișori</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scandinavian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Butterkaka" title="Butterkaka">Butterkaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_pastry" title="Danish pastry">Danish pastry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joulutorttu" title="Joulutorttu">Joulutorttu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klen%C3%A4t" title="Klenät">Klenät</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kringle" title="Kringle">Kringle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosette_(cookie)" title="Rosette (cookie)">Rosettes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semla" title="Semla">Semla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Swiss</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birnbrot" title="Birnbrot">Birnbrot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_cake" title="Blue cake">Blue cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCndner_Nusstorte" title="Bündner Nusstorte">Bündner Nusstorte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carac_(pastry)" title="Carac (pastry)">Carac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cholera_(food)" title="Cholera (food)">Cholera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schenkele" title="Schenkele">Schenkele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanisch_Br%C3%B6tli" title="Spanisch Brötli">Spanisch Brötli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Taiwanese</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Egg_yolk_pastry" title="Egg yolk pastry">Egg yolk pastry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lek-tau-phong" class="mw-redirect" title="Lek-tau-phong">Lek-tau-phong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pineapple_cake" title="Pineapple cake">Pineapple cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naiyou_subing" title="Naiyou subing">Naiyou subing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suncake_(Taiwan)" title="Suncake (Taiwan)">Suncake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taro_pastry" title="Taro pastry">Taro pastry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Turkish</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BClb%C3%BCl_yuvas%C4%B1" title="Bülbül yuvası">Bülbül yuvası</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BClla%C3%A7" title="Güllaç">Güllaç</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalburabast%C4%B1" title="Kalburabastı">Kalburabastı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady%27s_navel" title="Lady's navel">Lady's navel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qurabiya" title="Qurabiya">Qurabiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saray_helva" title="Saray helva">Saray helva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eekerpare" title="Şekerpare">Şekerpare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCtl%C3%BC_Nuriye" title="Sütlü Nuriye">Sütlü Nuriye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torpedo_dessert" title="Torpedo dessert">Torpedo dessert</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related <br />topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Confectionery" title="Confectionery">Confectionery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crust_(baking)" title="Crust (baking)">Crust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Custard" title="Custard">Custard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doughnut" title="Doughnut">Doughnut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konditorei" title="Konditorei">Konditorei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuo_Yuan_Ye_Museum_of_Cake_and_Pastry" title="Kuo Yuan Ye Museum of Cake and Pastry">Kuo Yuan Ye Museum of Cake and Pastry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cakes" title="List of cakes">List of cakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_choux_pastry_dishes" title="List of choux pastry dishes">List of choux pastry dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_desserts" title="List of desserts">List of desserts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fried_dough_foods" title="List of fried dough foods">List of fried dough foods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pies,_tarts_and_flans" title="List of pies, tarts and flans">List of pies, tarts and flans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_poppy_seed_pastries_and_dishes" title="List of poppy seed pastries and dishes">List of poppy seed pastries and dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastry_bag" title="Pastry bag">Pastry bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastry_blender" title="Pastry blender">Pastry blender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastry_brush" title="Pastry brush">Pastry brush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastry_chef" title="Pastry chef">Pastry chef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastry_fork" title="Pastry fork">Pastry fork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A2tisserie" title="Pâtisserie">Pâtisserie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Pastry_Cup" title="World Pastry Cup">World Pastry Cup</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/16px-Foodlogo2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/24px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/32px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="146" data-file-height="106" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Food" title="Portal:Food">Food portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Pastries" title="Category:Pastries">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pastries" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Pastries">Commons</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikibooks-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikibooks page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/16px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/24px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/32px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook:Pastry" class="extiw" title="b:Cookbook:Pastry">Cookbook</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WikiProject"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Food_and_drink" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Food and drink">WikiProject</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Algerian_cuisine219" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Algerian_cuisine" title="Template:Algerian cuisine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Algerian_cuisine" title="Template talk:Algerian cuisine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Algerian_cuisine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Algerian cuisine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Algerian_cuisine219" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Algerian_cuisine" title="Algerian cuisine">Algerian cuisine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dishes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aftir_oukessoul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aftir oukessoul (page does not exist)">Aftir oukessoul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourek_(Algerian_cuisine)" title="Bourek (Algerian cuisine)">Bourek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakhchoukha" title="Chakhchoukha">Chakhchoukha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chtitha" title="Chtitha">Chtitha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Couscous" title="Couscous">Couscous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torta_de_gazpacho#Other_places" title="Torta de gazpacho">Gaspacho Oranais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karantika" title="Karantika">Karantika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kesra_(bread)" title="Kesra (bread)">Kesra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9choui" title="Méchoui">Méchoui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merguez" title="Merguez">Merguez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesfouf" title="Mesfouf">Mesfouf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Msemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Msemen">Msemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulukhiyah" title="Mulukhiyah">Mulukhiyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rechta" title="Rechta">Rechta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakshouka" title="Shakshouka">Shakshouka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajine" class="mw-redirect" title="Tajine">Tajine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Soups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chorba" title="Chorba">Chorba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harira" title="Harira">Harira</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Brochettes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kebab" title="Kebab">Kebab</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ingredients</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chermoula" title="Chermoula">Chermoula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Date_(fruit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Date (fruit)">Dates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harissa" title="Harissa">Harissa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preserved_lemon" title="Preserved lemon">Preserved lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semolina" title="Semolina">Semolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smen" title="Smen">Smen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabil" title="Tabil">Tabil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beverages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_wine" title="Algerian wine">Algerian wine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherbet_mazhar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cherbet mazhar (page does not exist)">Cherbet mazhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee" title="Coffee">Coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leben_(milk_product)" title="Leben (milk product)">Leben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maghrebi_mint_tea" title="Maghrebi mint tea">Maghrebi mint tea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazagran_(drink)" title="Mazagran (drink)">Mazagran (drink)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palm_wine" title="Palm wine">Palm wine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rayb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rayb (page does not exist)">Rayb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidi_Brahim_(wine)" title="Sidi Brahim (wine)">Sidi Brahim</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Desserts<br />and pastries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_baklawa" title="Algerian baklawa">Baklawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baghrir" title="Baghrir">Baghrir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cr%C3%A9ponn%C3%A9" title="Créponné">Créponné</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbesses" title="Mbesses">Mbesses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makroudh" title="Makroudh">Makroudh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mouna" title="Mouna">Mouna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polvor%C3%B3n" title="Polvorón">Polvorón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sfenj" title="Sfenj">Khfaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamina_(dessert)" title="Tamina (dessert)">Tamina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berber_cuisine" title="Berber cuisine">Berber cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_cuisine" title="Tunisian cuisine">Tunisian cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroccan_cuisine" title="Moroccan cuisine">Moroccan cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_cuisine" title="Libyan cuisine">Libyan cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andalusian_cuisine" title="Andalusian cuisine">Andalusian cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_cuisine" title="Arab cuisine">Arab cuisine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Algerian_cuisine" title="Category:Algerian cuisine">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Armenian_cuisine148" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Armenian_cuisine" title="Template:Armenian cuisine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Armenian_cuisine" title="Template talk:Armenian cuisine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Armenian_cuisine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Armenian cuisine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Armenian_cuisine148" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Armenian_cuisine" title="Armenian cuisine">Armenian cuisine</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Հայկական խոհանոց</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ingredients</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vegetables and fruits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple" title="Apple">Apple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apricot" title="Apricot">Apricot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bean" title="Bean">Bean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_pepper" title="Bell pepper">Bell pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabbage" title="Cabbage">Cabbage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrot" title="Carrot">Carrot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chickpea" title="Chickpea">Chickpea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornus_mas" title="Cornus mas">Cornelian cherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cucumber" title="Cucumber">Cucumber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eggplant" title="Eggplant">Eggplant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_bean" title="Green bean">Green bean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lentil" title="Lentil">Lentil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mushroom" title="Mushroom">Mushroom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okra" title="Okra">Okra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomegranate" title="Pomegranate">Pomegranate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potato" title="Potato">Potatoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumpkin" title="Pumpkin">Pumpkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinach" title="Spinach">Spinach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomato" title="Tomato">Tomato</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Herbs and spices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_pepper" title="Black pepper">Black pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coriander" title="Coriander">Cilantro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dill" title="Dill">Dill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garlic" title="Garlic">Garlic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nut_(food)" title="Nut (food)">Nut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onion" title="Onion">Onion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paprika" title="Paprika">Paprika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parsley" title="Parsley">Parsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarragon" title="Tarragon">Tarragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walnut" title="Walnut">Walnut</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Breads</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bokon_(food)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bokon (food) (page does not exist)">Bokon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choreg" class="mw-redirect" title="Choreg">Choreg</a> (<a href="/wiki/Katnahunts" class="mw-redirect" title="Katnahunts">Katnahunts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Psadir" class="mw-redirect" title="Psadir">Psadir</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hrazdan_(bread)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hrazdan (bread) (page does not exist)">Hrazdan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavash" title="Lavash">Lavash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matnakash" title="Matnakash">Matnakash</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarehats&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tarehats (page does not exist)">Tarehats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tandoor_bread#West_Asia" title="Tandoor bread">Tonri hats</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Soups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arganak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arganak (page does not exist)">Arganak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aveluk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aveluk (page does not exist)">Aveluk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blghourapour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blghourapour (page does not exist)">Blghourapour</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brindzapour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brindzapour (page does not exist)">Brindzapour</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dzavarapour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dzavarapour (page does not exist)">Dzavarapour</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flol (page does not exist)">Flol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karshm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karshm (page does not exist)">Karshm</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katnapour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katnapour (page does not exist)">Katnapour</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katnov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katnov (page does not exist)">Katnov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khash_(dish)" title="Khash (dish)">Khash</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kololik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kololik (page does not exist)">Kololik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konchol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konchol (page does not exist)">Konchol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Krchik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krchik (page does not exist)">Krchik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mantapour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mantapour (page does not exist)">Mantapour</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matsunaprtosh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matsunaprtosh (page does not exist)">Matsunaprtosh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pekhapour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pekhapour (page does not exist)">Pekhapour</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Putuk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Putuk (page does not exist)">Putuk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarnapour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarnapour (page does not exist)">Sarnapour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spas_(soup)" title="Spas (soup)">Spas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunkapour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sunkapour (page does not exist)">Sunkapour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarhana" title="Tarhana">Tarkhana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%E2%80%99ghit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="T’ghit (page does not exist)">T’ghit</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vospapour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vospapour (page does not exist)">Vospapour</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Appetizers and salads</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basturma" class="mw-redirect" title="Basturma">Basturma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chechil" title="Chechil">Chechil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87i%C4%9F_k%C3%B6fte" title="Çiğ köfte">Chi kofte</a></li> <li>Dolma (Summer)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolma" title="Dolma">Dolma</a> (Winter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eetch" title="Eetch">Eetch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matzoon" title="Matzoon">Matzoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammara" title="Muhammara">Muhammara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sujuk" title="Sujuk">Sujuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topik" title="Topik">Topik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhingyalov_hats" title="Zhingyalov hats">Zhingyalov hats</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main entrées</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fasulya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fasulya (page does not exist)">Fasulya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghapama" title="Ghapama">Ghapama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harissa_(dish)" class="mw-redirect" title="Harissa (dish)">Harisa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kchuch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kchuch (page does not exist)">Kchuch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lula_kebab" title="Lula kebab">Lula kebab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panrkhash" title="Panrkhash">Panrkhash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tjvjik_(food)" title="Tjvjik (food)">Tjvjik</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Grilled meats</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kebab" title="Kebab">Kebab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khorovats" title="Khorovats">Khorovats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kofta" title="Kofta">Kofta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matagh" title="Matagh">Matagh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beverages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mineral water</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arzni_(water)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arzni (water) (page does not exist)">Arzni</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bjni_(water)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bjni (water) (page does not exist)">Bjni</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dilijan_(water)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dilijan (water) (page does not exist)">Dilijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jermuk_(water)" title="Jermuk (water)">Jermuk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-alcoholic beverages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_coffee" title="Turkish coffee">Armenian coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayran" title="Ayran">Tahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarhun_(drink)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tarhun (drink)">Tarkhun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beer</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Armenia" title="List of breweries in Armenia">List of breweries in Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani_(beer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ani (beer) (page does not exist)">Ani</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ararat_(beer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ararat (beer) (page does not exist)">Ararat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Erebuni_(beer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erebuni (beer) (page does not exist)">Erebuni</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyumri_(beer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gyumri (beer) (page does not exist)">Gyumri</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kilikia_(beer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kilikia (beer) (page does not exist)">Kilikia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kotayk_Brewery" title="Kotayk Brewery">Kotayk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Distilled beverages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenian_brandy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armenian brandy (page does not exist)">Armenian brandy</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ararat_(brandy)" title="Ararat (brandy)">Ararat</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Noy_(brandy)" title="Noy (brandy)">Noy</a></dd> <dt>Other</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Oghi_(beverage)" class="mw-redirect" title="Oghi (beverage)">Oghi</a> <dl><dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mulberry_oghi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mulberry oghi (page does not exist)">Mulberry oghi</a></dd></dl></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Armenian_wine" title="Armenian wine">Armenian wine</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pomegranate" title="Pomegranate">Pomegranate</a> wine</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Grape varieties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Areni_(grape)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Areni (grape) (page does not exist)">Areni</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kakhet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kakhet (page does not exist)">Kakhet</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meghrabujr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meghrabujr (page does not exist)">Meghrabujr</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mschali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mschali (page does not exist)">Mschali</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nerkarat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nerkarat (page does not exist)">Nerkarat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rkatsiteli" title="Rkatsiteli">Rkatsiteli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voskehat_(grape)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voskehat (grape) (page does not exist)">Voskehat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Desserts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alani_(food)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alani (food) (page does not exist)">Alani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanafeh" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanafeh">Kadaif</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anoushabour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anoushabour (page does not exist)">Anoushabour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pestil" title="Pestil">Pastegh</a> <ul><li>T’tu lavash</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basbousa" title="Basbousa">Shamali</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Paklava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gata_(food)" title="Gata (food)">Gata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikado_cake" title="Mikado cake">Mikado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazook" title="Nazook">Nazook</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Instruments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tandoor" title="Tandoor">Tonir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Azerbaijani_cuisine139" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Azerbaijani_cuisine" title="Template:Azerbaijani cuisine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Azerbaijani_cuisine" title="Template talk:Azerbaijani cuisine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Azerbaijani_cuisine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Azerbaijani cuisine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Azerbaijani_cuisine139" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_cuisine" title="Azerbaijani cuisine">Azerbaijani cuisine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beverages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Non-alcoholic beverages</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pekmez" title="Pekmez">Pekmez</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sharbat_(beverage)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharbat (beverage)">Şerbet</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%C5%9E%C4%B1ra" title="Şıra">Şıra</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Turkish_coffee" title="Turkish coffee">Turkish coffee</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Turkish_tea" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish tea">Turkish tea</a></dd> <dt>Fermented beverages</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ayran" title="Ayran">Ayran</a> (<a href="/wiki/Doogh" title="Doogh">Doogh</a>)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kumis" title="Kumis">Kumis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kefir" title="Kefir">Kefir</a></dd> <dt>Beers</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Beer_in_Azerbaijan" title="Beer in Azerbaijan">Beer in Azerbaijan</a></b> (main article)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Xirdalan" class="mw-redirect" title="Xirdalan">Xirdalan</a></dd> <dt>Distilled beverages</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rak%C4%B1" title="Rakı">Rakı</a></dd> <dd>Kanyak</dd> <dt>Wines</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_wine" title="Azerbaijani wine">Azerbaijani wine</a></b> (main article)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Agh_Shani" title="Agh Shani">Agh Shani</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Madrasa_(grape)" title="Madrasa (grape)">Madrasa (grape)</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Breads</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kattama" class="mw-redirect" title="Kattama">Kattama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavash" title="Lavash">Lavash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pita" title="Pita">Pita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangak" title="Sangak">Sangak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tandoor_bread" title="Tandoor bread">Tandoor bread</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Appetizers<br />and salads</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Meze" title="Meze">Meze</a></b> (main article)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cac%C4%B1k" class="mw-redirect" title="Cacık">Cacık</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolma" title="Dolma">Dolma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatiq" title="Qatiq">Qatiq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogurt" title="Yogurt">Yoğurt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cheeses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beyaz_peynir" title="Beyaz peynir">Beyaz peynir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lighvan_cheese" title="Lighvan cheese">Lighvan cheese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Soups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Chorba" title="Chorba">Chorba</a></b> (main article)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piti_(food)" title="Piti (food)">Piti (food)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dovga" title="Dovga">Dovga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lentil_soup" title="Lentil soup">Lentil soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarhana" title="Tarhana">Tarhana</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%C4%80sh" class="mw-redirect" title="Āsh">Āsh</a></b> (main article)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ash_reshteh" class="mw-redirect" title="Ash reshteh">Ash reshteh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keledo%C5%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="Keledoş">Keledoş</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dishes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B6rek" title="Börek">Börek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgur" title="Bulgur">Bulgur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qovurma" title="Qovurma">Qovurma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qutab" title="Qutab">Qutab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chigirtma" title="Chigirtma">Çığırtma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshpara" title="Joshpara">Dushbara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghormeh_sabzi" title="Ghormeh sabzi">Ghormeh sabzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCrz%C9%99" title="Gürzə">Gürzə</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kesme" title="Kesme">Kesme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khash_(dish)" title="Khash (dish)">Xaş</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dry_meatballs" class="mw-redirect" title="Dry meatballs">Dry meatballs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ke%C5%9Fkek" title="Keşkek">Keşkek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6mbe" title="Kömbe">Kömbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuku_(food)" title="Kuku (food)">Küküs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahmajun" class="mw-redirect" title="Lahmajun">Lahmajun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manti_(dumpling)" class="mw-redirect" title="Manti (dumpling)">Mantı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilaf" title="Pilaf">Pilaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sogan-dolma" class="mw-redirect" title="Sogan-dolma">Sogan-dolma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuffed_apples" title="Stuffed apples">Stuffed apples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuffed_eggplant" title="Stuffed eggplant">Stuffed eggplants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuffed_quinces" title="Stuffed quinces">Stuffed quinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuffed_tomatoes" title="Stuffed tomatoes">Stuffed tomatoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahni" title="Yahni">Yahni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Grilled meats</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Kebab" title="Kebab">Kebab</a></b> (main article)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kofta" title="Kofta">Köfte</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tabriz_meatballs" title="Tabriz meatballs">Tabriz meatballs</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shish_kebab" title="Shish kebab">Shish kebab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shashlik" title="Shashlik">Shashlik</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Desserts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_cuisine" title="Azerbaijani cuisine">Azerbaijani desserts</a></b> (main article)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashure" title="Ashure">Ashure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_pakhlava" class="mw-redirect" title="Azerbaijani pakhlava">Azerbaijani pakhlava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakhlava" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakhlava">Pakhlava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churchkhela" title="Churchkhela">Churchkhela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halva" title="Halva">Halva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qurabiya" title="Qurabiya">Qurabiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pestil" title="Pestil">Pestil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi%C5%9Fmaniye" title="Pişmaniye">Pişmaniye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shekerbura" class="mw-redirect" title="Shekerbura">Shekerbura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quince_dessert" class="mw-redirect" title="Quince dessert">Quince dessert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_pudding" title="Rice pudding">Rice pudding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ingredients</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Vegetables</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bean" title="Bean">Bean</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bell_pepper" title="Bell pepper">Bell pepper</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Eggplant" title="Eggplant">Eggplant</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Leek" title="Leek">Leek</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lentil" title="Lentil">Lentil</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Spinach" title="Spinach">Spinach</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tomato" title="Tomato">Tomato</a></dd> <dt>Herbs and spices</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Almond" title="Almond">Almond</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Black_pepper" title="Black pepper">Black pepper</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chestnut" title="Chestnut">Chestnut</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cinnamon" title="Cinnamon">Cinnamon</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cumin" title="Cumin">Cumin</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dried_apricot" title="Dried apricot">Dried apricot</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Garlic" title="Garlic">Garlic</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hazelnut" title="Hazelnut">Hazelnut</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Peppermint" title="Peppermint">Mint</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nut_(food)" title="Nut (food)">Nut</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Onion" title="Onion">Onion</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Oregano" title="Oregano">Oregano</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Paprika" title="Paprika">Paprika</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Parsley" title="Parsley">Parsley</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pistachio" title="Pistachio">Pistachio</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cayenne_pepper" title="Cayenne pepper">Red pepper</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Thyme" title="Thyme">Thyme</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Urfa_Biber" class="mw-redirect" title="Urfa Biber">Urfa pepper</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Walnut" title="Walnut">Walnut</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Instruments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cezve" title="Cezve">Cezve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangal_(barbecue)" title="Mangal (barbecue)">Mangal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolling_pin" title="Rolling pin">Oklava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tava" title="Tava">Sac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samovar" title="Samovar">Semaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tandoor" title="Tandoor">Tandır</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related cuisines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caucasian_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Caucasian cuisine">Caucasian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Asian_cuisine" title="Central Asian cuisine">Central Asian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_cuisine" title="Iranian cuisine">Iranian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levantine_cuisine" title="Levantine cuisine">Levantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Eastern_cuisine" title="Middle Eastern cuisine">Middle Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_cuisine" title="Mongolian cuisine">Mongolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_cuisine" title="Ottoman cuisine">Ottoman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatar_cuisine" title="Tatar cuisine">Tatar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Greek_cuisine359" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greek_cuisine" title="Template:Greek cuisine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greek_cuisine" title="Template talk:Greek cuisine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greek_cuisine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greek cuisine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Greek_cuisine359" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Greek_cuisine" title="Greek cuisine">Greek cuisine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_cuisine" title="Ancient Greek cuisine">Ancient Greek cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece_and_wine" title="Ancient Greece and wine">Ancient Greece and wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_cuisine" title="Byzantine cuisine">Byzantine cuisine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ingredients</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basil" title="Basil">Basil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caper" title="Caper">Caper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dill" title="Dill">Dill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eggplant" title="Eggplant">Eggplant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garlic" title="Garlic">Garlic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honey" title="Honey">Honey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mastic_(plant_resin)" title="Mastic (plant resin)">Mastic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olive_oil" title="Olive oil">Olive oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olive" title="Olive">Olives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregano" title="Oregano">Oregano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raisin" title="Raisin">Raisin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saffron" title="Saffron">Saffron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semolina" title="Semolina">Semolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomato" title="Tomato">Tomato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thyme" title="Thyme">Thyme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walnuts" class="mw-redirect" title="Walnuts">Walnuts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Breads</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daktyla" title="Daktyla">Daktyla</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eliopsomo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eliopsomo (page does not exist)">Eliopsomo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eptazymo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eptazymo (page does not exist)">Eptazymo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breadsticks" class="mw-redirect" title="Breadsticks">Kritsini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simit" title="Simit">Koulouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lagana_(bread)" title="Lagana (bread)">Lagana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paximathia" title="Paximathia">Paximadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pita" title="Pita">Pita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raisin_bread" title="Raisin bread">Stafidopsomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsoureki" title="Tsoureki">Tsoureki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zea_(bread)" title="Zea (bread)">Zea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Salads & Dips</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dakos" title="Dakos">Dakos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_salad" title="Greek salad">Greek salad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eggplant_salads_and_appetizers#Mediterranean/Middle_East" title="Eggplant salads and appetizers">Melitzanosalata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapenade" title="Tapenade">Pasta elias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skordalia" title="Skordalia">Skordalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taramasalata" title="Taramasalata">Taramosalata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirokafteri" title="Tirokafteri">Tirokafteri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzatziki" title="Tzatziki">Tzatziki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Appetizers & Coldcuts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%80%CE%AC%CE%BA%CE%B9" class="extiw" title="el:Απάκι">Apáki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anchovies_as_food" title="Anchovies as food">Antzougies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bacalhau" title="Bacalhau">Bakaliaros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouyiourdi" title="Bouyiourdi">Bouyiourdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolma" title="Dolma">Dolma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicia_faba" title="Vicia faba">Fava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gigandes_plaki" class="mw-redirect" title="Gigandes plaki">Gigandes plaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squid_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Squid (food)">Kalamaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalitsounia" title="Kalitsounia">Kalitsounia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squash_blossom" title="Squash blossom">Kolokythoanthoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zucchini" title="Zucchini">Kolokythakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolokythopita" title="Kolokythopita">Kolokythopita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakerda" title="Lakerda">Lakerda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loukaniko" title="Loukaniko">Loukaniko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lountza" class="mw-redirect" title="Lountza">Loutza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noumboulo" title="Noumboulo">Noumboulo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octopus_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Octopus (food)">Octopus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitaroudia" class="mw-redirect" title="Pitaroudia">Pitaroudia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pikt%C3%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piktí (page does not exist)">Piktí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanakopita" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanakopita">Spanakopita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salami" title="Salami">Salami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saganaki" title="Saganaki">Saganaki</a></li> <li><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%8D%CE%B3%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%BF" class="extiw" title="el:Σύγλινο">Syglino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiropita" title="Tiropita">Tyropita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strained_yogurt" title="Strained yogurt">Strained yogurt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_Protected_Designations_of_Origin_cheeses" title="List of Greek Protected Designations of Origin cheeses">Cheeses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anevato&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anevato (page does not exist)">Anevato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthotyros" title="Anthotyros">Anthotyros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feta" title="Feta">Feta</a></li> <li><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B1" class="extiw" title="el:Φορμαέλλα">Formaela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graviera" title="Graviera">Graviera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halloumi" title="Halloumi">Halloumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasseri" title="Kasseri">Kasseri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kefalotyri" title="Kefalotyri">Kefalotyri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kefalograviera" title="Kefalograviera">Kefalograviera</a></li> <li><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%AC%CE%BA%CE%B9_%CE%9B%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%85" class="extiw" title="el:Καλαθάκι Λήμνου">Kalathaki Limnou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kopanisti_Mykonou" class="mw-redirect" title="Kopanisti Mykonou">Kopanisti Mykonou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladotyri_Mytilinis" title="Ladotyri Mytilinis">Ladotyri Mytilinis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manouri" title="Manouri">Manouri</a></li> <li><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%BF_%CE%A7%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85" class="extiw" title="el:Μαστέλο Χίου">Mastelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metsovone" title="Metsovone">Metsovone</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metsovela&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metsovela (page does not exist)">Metsovela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizithra" title="Mizithra">Mizithra</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sfela&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sfela (page does not exist)">Sfela</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Michali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Michali (page does not exist)">San Michali</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talagani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Talagani (page does not exist)">Talagani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xynotyro" title="Xynotyro">Xynotyro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xynomizithra" title="Xynomizithra">Xynomizithra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_dishes" title="List of Greek dishes">Dishes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Meat</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Beefsteak" title="Beefsteak">Bifteki</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Steak" title="Steak">Britzola</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Drunken_chicken" title="Drunken chicken">Drunken chicken</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Giouvetsi" title="Giouvetsi">Giouvetsi</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gyros_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gyros (food)">Gyros</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kofta" title="Kofta">Keftedakia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Stew" title="Stew">Kokkinisto</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_dishes" title="List of Greek dishes">Kleftiko</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kokoretsi" title="Kokoretsi">Kokoretsi</a></dd> <dd><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%B9" class="extiw" title="el:Κοντοσούβλι">Kontosouvli</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kreatopita" class="mw-redirect" title="Kreatopita">Kreatopita</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kotopita_(Greek)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kotopita (Greek) (page does not exist)">Kotopita</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Moussaka" title="Moussaka">Moussaka</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Meat_chop" title="Meat chop">Paidakia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pancetta" title="Pancetta">Pansetta</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pastitsio" title="Pastitsio">Pastitsio</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pastitsada" title="Pastitsada">Pastitsada</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Eggplant_papucaki" class="mw-redirect" title="Eggplant papucaki">Papoutsaki</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pizza" title="Pizza">Pizza</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sheftalia" title="Sheftalia">Sheftalia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Smyrna_meatballs" title="Smyrna meatballs">Smyrna meatballs</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Snail#Snails_as_food" title="Snail">Snails</a></dd> <dd><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%86%CE%AC%CE%B9" class="extiw" title="el:Σπετζοφάι">Spetzofai</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Stifado" class="mw-redirect" title="Stifado">Stifado</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sofrito" title="Sofrito">Sofrito</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Souvla" title="Souvla">Souvla</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Souvlaki" title="Souvlaki">Souvlaki</a></dd> <dd><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B7%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%AC_(%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%B7%CF%84%CF%8C)" class="extiw" title="el:Τηγανιά (φαγητό)">Tigania</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Yahni" title="Yahni">Yahni</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Pasta (<i>Zimariká</i>)</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gogges" title="Gogges">Gogges</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hilopites" title="Hilopites">Hilopites</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Flomaria" title="Flomaria">Flomaria</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makarounes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Makarounes (page does not exist)">Makarounes</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Orzo_(pasta)" class="mw-redirect" title="Orzo (pasta)">Kritharaki</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Striftaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Striftaria (page does not exist)">Striftaria</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Trahanas" class="mw-redirect" title="Trahanas">Trahanas</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Fish</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Atherina" title="Atherina">Atherina</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dried_and_salted_cod" title="Dried and salted cod">Bakaliaros</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bourdeto" title="Bourdeto">Bourdeto</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brandade" title="Brandade">Brantada</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Shrimp_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shrimp (food)">Garides</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Common_carp" title="Common carp">Grivadi</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Solea_(fish)" title="Solea (fish)">Glossa</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Anchovies_as_food" title="Anchovies as food">Gavroi</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mussel" title="Mussel">Mussels</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sardines_as_food" title="Sardines as food">Sardeles</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Escabeche" title="Escabeche">Savoro</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tuna" title="Tuna">Tonos</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Swordfish" title="Swordfish">Xiphias</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Soups</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Avgolemono" title="Avgolemono">Avgolemono</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bourou-bourou&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bourou-bourou (page does not exist)">Bourou-bourou</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Fasolada" title="Fasolada">Fasolada</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hortosoupa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hortosoupa (page does not exist)">Hortosoupa</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lentil_soup" title="Lentil soup">Lentil soup</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chicken_soup" title="Chicken soup">Kotosoupa</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Magiritsa" title="Magiritsa">Magiritsa</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Orzo_(pasta)" class="mw-redirect" title="Orzo (pasta)">Manestra</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manitarosoupa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manitarosoupa (page does not exist)">Manitarosoupa</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Psarosoupa" title="Psarosoupa">Psarosoupa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kakavia_(soup)" title="Kakavia (soup)">Kakavia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Common_carp" title="Common carp">Grivadi</a>)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_chickpea_dishes" title="List of chickpea dishes">Revithada</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tarhana" title="Tarhana">Trahanas</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Omelettes</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Omelette" title="Omelette">Classic omeletta</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sfougato&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sfougato (page does not exist)">Sfougato</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Strapatsada" title="Strapatsada">Strapatsada</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsoucht%C3%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tsouchtí (page does not exist)">Tsouchtí</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Froutalia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Froutalia (page does not exist)">Froutalia</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Vegetable</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Artichoke" title="Artichoke">Anginares <i>alla Polita</i></a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Green_bean" title="Green bean">Fasolakia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Stuffed_peppers" title="Stuffed peppers">Gemista</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Leaf_vegetable" title="Leaf vegetable">Leaf vegetable</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Spanakorizo" title="Spanakorizo">Spanakorizo</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrl%C3%BC" title="Türlü">Tourlou</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tsigareli" title="Tsigareli">Tsigareli</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsigaridia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tsigaridia (page does not exist)">Tsigaridia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tomatokeftedes" title="Tomatokeftedes">Tomatokeftedes</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Desserts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amygdalota" title="Amygdalota">Amygdalota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amygdalopita" title="Amygdalopita">Amygdalopita</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Baklava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bougatsa" title="Bougatsa">Bougatsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copenhagen_(dessert)" title="Copenhagen (dessert)">Copenhagen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diples" title="Diples">Diples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanouropita" title="Fanouropita">Fanouropita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finikia" class="mw-redirect" title="Finikia">Finikia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flaouna" title="Flaouna">Flaouna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaktoboureko" title="Galaktoboureko">Galaktoboureko</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galatopita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galatopita (page does not exist)">Galatopita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halva" title="Halva">Halva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karydopita" title="Karydopita">Karydopita</a></li> <li><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B9" class="extiw" title="el:Κουρκουμπίνι">Kourkoubinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koulourakia" title="Koulourakia">Koulourakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kourabiedes" class="mw-redirect" title="Kourabiedes">Kourabiedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazarakia" title="Lazarakia">Lazarakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loukoumades" class="mw-redirect" title="Loukoumades">Loukoumades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_delight" title="Turkish delight">Loukoumi</a></li> <li><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BD%CE%B9" class="extiw" title="el:Μελεκούνι">Melekouni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nougat" title="Nougat">Mandolato</a></li> <li><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B9" class="extiw" title="el:Μελιτίνι">Melitini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melomakarono" title="Melomakarono">Melomakarona</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Melopita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Melopita (page does not exist)">Melopita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moustalevria" title="Moustalevria">Moustokouloura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastafrola" title="Pastafrola">Pastafrola</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Platseda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Platseda (page does not exist)">Platseda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sesame_seed_candy" title="Sesame seed candy">Pasteli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spoon_sweets" title="Spoon sweets">Spoon sweets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pancake" title="Pancake">Tiganites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahinopita" title="Tahinopita">Tahinopita</a></li> <li><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B3%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%BF_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82" class="extiw" title="el:Τρίγωνο Πανοράματος">Trigona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasilopita" title="Vasilopita">Vasilopita</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_wine" title="Greek wine">Wines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agiorgitiko" title="Agiorgitiko">Agiorgitiko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aidini" title="Aidini">Aidini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrtiko" title="Assyrtiko">Assyrtiko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athiri" title="Athiri">Athiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kotsifali" title="Kotsifali">Kotsifali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesbian_wine" class="mw-redirect" title="Lesbian wine">Lesbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limnio" title="Limnio">Limnio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mavrodafni" title="Mavrodafni">Mavrodafni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandilaria" title="Mandilaria">Mandilaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malagousia" title="Malagousia">Malagousia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malvasia" title="Malvasia">Malvasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moschofilero" title="Moschofilero">Moschofilero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscat_(grape)" title="Muscat (grape)">Moschato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retsina" title="Retsina">Retsina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robola" title="Robola">Robola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savatiano" title="Savatiano">Savatiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilana" title="Vilana">Vilana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santorini_(wine)" title="Santorini (wine)">Visanto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinomavro" title="Xinomavro">Xinomavro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Drinks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kitron" title="Kitron">Kitron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumquat" title="Kumquat">Kumquat</a></li> <li><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%BF" class="extiw" title="el:Κοριαντολίνο">Koriantolino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mastika" title="Mastika">Mastika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metaxa" title="Metaxa">Metaxa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouzo" title="Ouzo">Ouzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rakomelo" title="Rakomelo">Rakomelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sideritis" title="Sideritis">Sideritis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souma_(drink)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Souma (drink) (page does not exist)">Souma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orgeat_syrup" title="Orgeat syrup">Soumada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tentura" title="Tentura">Tentura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsipouro" title="Tsipouro">Tsipouro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsikoudia" title="Tsikoudia">Tsikoudia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zivania" title="Zivania">Zivania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frapp%C3%A9_coffee" title="Frappé coffee">Frappé coffee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Varieties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Ionian_islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine of the Ionian islands">Ionian islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cretan_cuisine" title="Cretan cuisine">Cretan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Macedonian_cuisine" title="Greek Macedonian cuisine">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epirotic_cuisine" title="Epirotic cuisine">Epirotic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuisine_of_the_Cyclades&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cuisine of the Cyclades (page does not exist)">Kykladitiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Rhodes" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine of Rhodes">Rhoditiki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Filo" title="Filo">Filo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Greek_chefs" title="Category:Greek chefs">Greek chefs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Greek_food_writers" title="Category:Greek food writers">Food writers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafenio" title="Kafenio">Kafenio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meze" title="Meze">Meze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouzeri" title="Ouzeri">Ouzeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taverna" title="Taverna">Taverna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_restaurant" title="Greek restaurant">Greek restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Greece" title="Agriculture in Greece">Agriculture in Greece</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Notable products</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Botargo" class="mw-redirect" title="Botargo">Avgotaracho</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Florina_pepper" title="Florina pepper">Florina peppers</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Greek_wine" title="Greek wine">Greek wine</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lathyrus_clymenum" title="Lathyrus clymenum">Fava Santorinis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kalamata_olive" title="Kalamata olive">Kalamata olive</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Krokos" title="Krokos">Krokos Kozanis (Saffron)</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Menalou_vanilia_fir_honey" title="Menalou vanilia fir honey">Menalou honey</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rodi_Ermionis" title="Rodi Ermionis">Rodi Ermionis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Santorini_tomato" title="Santorini tomato">Santorini tomato</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sardines" class="mw-redirect" title="Sardines">Sardeles</a> <a href="/wiki/Kalloni" title="Kalloni">Kallonis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Albacore" title="Albacore">Tonos</a> <a href="/wiki/Alonnisos" title="Alonnisos">Alonnisou</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Zante_currant" title="Zante currant">Zante currant</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/16px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/24px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/32px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Greece" title="Portal:Greece">Greece portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Iranian_cuisine403" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Iranian_cuisine" title="Template:Iranian cuisine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Iranian_cuisine" title="Template talk:Iranian cuisine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Iranian_cuisine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Iranian cuisine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Iranian_cuisine403" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Iranian_cuisine" title="Iranian cuisine">Iranian cuisine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ingredients</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vegetables</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bean" title="Bean">Beans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_pepper" title="Bell pepper">Bell pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabbage" title="Cabbage">Cabbage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chickpea" title="Chickpea">Chickpea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cowpea" title="Cowpea">Cowpea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eggplant" title="Eggplant">Eggplant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lentil" title="Lentil">Lentil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomegranate" title="Pomegranate">Pomegranate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Split_pea" title="Split pea">Split pea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinach" title="Spinach">Spinach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomato" title="Tomato">Tomato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarhana" title="Tarhana">Tarkhineh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Herbs and spices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advieh" title="Advieh">Advieh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berberis" title="Berberis">Barberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_pepper" title="Black pepper">Black pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgur" title="Bulgur">Balgur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chestnut" title="Chestnut">Chestnut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinnamon" title="Cinnamon">Cinnamon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumin" title="Cumin">Cumin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garlic" title="Garlic">Garlic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracleum_persicum" title="Heracleum persicum">Golpar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazelnut" title="Hazelnut">Hazelnut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leek" title="Leek">Leek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peppermint" title="Peppermint">Mint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nut_(food)" title="Nut (food)">Nut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onion" title="Onion">Onion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregano" title="Oregano">Oregano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paprika" title="Paprika">Paprika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parsley" title="Parsley">Parsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pistachio" title="Pistachio">Pistachio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayenne_pepper" title="Cayenne pepper">Red pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saffron" title="Saffron">Saffron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walnut" title="Walnut">Walnut</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Breads and nans</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbari_bread" title="Barbari bread">Barbari</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dushabi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dushabi (page does not exist)">Dushabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghandi_Bread" title="Ghandi Bread">Ghandi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gisu_bread&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gisu bread (page does not exist)">Gisu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khuske-shirin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khuske-shirin (page does not exist)">khuske-shirin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tandoor_bread" title="Tandoor bread">khuske-e-tanour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavash" title="Lavash">Lavash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naan" title="Naan">Naan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangak" title="Sangak">Sangak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheermal" title="Sheermal">Shirmal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taftan_(bread)" title="Taftan (bread)">Taftan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Salads</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meze" title="Meze">Mazeh</a> (main article)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirazi_salad" title="Shirazi salad">Shirazi salad</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salad_Shoor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salad Shoor (page does not exist)">Salad Shoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogurt" title="Yogurt">Yogurt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cheeses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lighvan_cheese" title="Lighvan cheese">Lighvan cheese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feta" title="Feta">Feta</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beyaz_Peynir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beyaz Peynir (page does not exist)">Beyaz Peynir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Soups and āshes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abgoosht" title="Abgoosht">Abgoosht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aush" title="Aush">Aush</a> (main article)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aush_reshteh" title="Aush reshteh">Aush reshteh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomegranate_soup" title="Pomegranate soup">Ash-e-Anar (Pomegranate)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ash-e_doogh" title="Ash-e doogh">Aush-e-doogh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aush-e-Shalqham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aush-e-Shalqham (page does not exist)">Aush-e-Shalqham</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aush-e-Sholeh-Ghalam-Kar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aush-e-Sholeh-Ghalam-Kar (page does not exist)">Aush-e-Sholeh-Ghalam-Kar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bozbash" title="Bozbash">Bozbash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chorba" title="Chorba">Chorba</a> (main article)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haleem" title="Haleem">Haleem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piti_(food)" title="Piti (food)">Dizi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirabi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sirabi">Sirabi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dishes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_kebabs#Iran" title="List of kebabs">Kabab</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chelow_kabab" title="Chelow kabab">Chelow kabab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jujeh_kabab" title="Jujeh kabab">Jujeh kabab</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabab_chenjeh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kabab chenjeh (page does not exist)">Kabab chenjeh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabab_bakhtiari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kabab bakhtiari (page does not exist)">Kabab bakhtiari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabab_barg" title="Kabab barg">Kabab barg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabab_koobideh" title="Kabab koobideh">Kabab koobideh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabab_mahi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kabab mahi (page does not exist)">Kabab mahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabab_torsh" title="Kabab torsh">Kabab torsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shashlik" title="Shashlik">Shashlik</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pilaf" title="Pilaf">Polo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albaloo_polo" title="Albaloo polo">Albaloo polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baghali_polo" title="Baghali polo">Baghali polo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalam_polo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalam polo (page does not exist)">Kalam polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kateh" title="Kateh">Kateh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loobia_polo" title="Loobia polo">Loobia polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morasa_polo" class="mw-redirect" title="Morasa polo">Morasa polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabzi_polo" title="Sabzi polo">Sabzi polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirin_polo" title="Shirin polo">Shirin polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isfahan_Beryani" class="mw-redirect" title="Isfahan Beryani">Isfahan Beryani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahdig" class="mw-redirect" title="Tahdig">Tahdig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahchin" title="Tahchin">Tahchin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zereshk_polo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zereshk polo (page does not exist)">Zereshk polo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Khoresh" title="Khoresh">Khoresh</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baghala_ghatogh" class="mw-redirect" title="Baghala ghatogh">Baghala ghatogh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khoresh_bademjan" title="Khoresh bademjan">Khoresh bademjan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khoresh_b%C4%81denj%C4%81n_lapeh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khoresh bādenjān lapeh (page does not exist)">Khoresh bādenjān lapeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khoresh_b%C4%81mieh" class="mw-redirect" title="Khoresh bāmieh">Khoresh bāmieh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khoresh_b%C4%81mieh_lapeh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khoresh bāmieh lapeh (page does not exist)">Khoresh bāmieh lapeh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khoresh_Beh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khoresh Beh (page does not exist)">Khoresh Beh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khoresh_alou_esfenaj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khoresh alou esfenaj (page does not exist)">Khoresh alou esfenaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fesenj%C4%81n" title="Fesenjān">Fesenjān</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khoresh_havij&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khoresh havij (page does not exist)">Khoresh havij</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khoresh_kadu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khoresh kadu (page does not exist)">Khoresh kadu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khoresh_q%C4%81rch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khoresh qārch (page does not exist)">Khoresh qārch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghalieh_mahi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ghalieh mahi (page does not exist)">Ghalieh mahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gheimeh" title="Gheimeh">Khoresh gheimeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghormeh_sabzi" title="Ghormeh sabzi">Khoresh ghormeh sabzi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khoresh_kangar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khoresh kangar (page does not exist)">Khoresh kangar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khoresh_karafs" title="Khoresh karafs">Khoresh karafs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khoresh_lubia-sabz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khoresh lubia-sabz (page does not exist)">Khoresh lubia-sabz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khoresh_reevaas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khoresh reevaas (page does not exist)">Khoresh reevaas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khash_(dish)" title="Khash (dish)">Kale pache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ke%C5%9Fkek" title="Keşkek">Kashkak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nargesi_(food)" title="Nargesi (food)">Nargesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kofta" title="Kofta">Kofta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabriz_meatballs" title="Tabriz meatballs">Tabriz meatballs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roe#Iran" title="Roe">Ashpal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omelette" title="Omelette">Omelette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_sausage" class="mw-redirect" title="Port sausage">Port sausage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kesme" title="Kesme">Reshteh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samosa" title="Samosa">Samosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarhana" title="Tarhana">Tarhana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tas_kebab" title="Tas kebab">Tas kebab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahni" title="Yahni">Yakhni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sauces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Delal_sauce" title="Delal sauce">Delal sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahyawa" title="Mahyawa">Mahyawa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hors d'oeuvre</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zeytoon_Parvardeh" title="Zeytoon Parvardeh">Zeytoon Parvardeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolma" title="Dolma">Dolma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strained_yogurt" title="Strained yogurt">Labne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashk_e_bademjan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kashk e bademjan">Kashk e bademjan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuku_(food)" title="Kuku (food)">Kuku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzatziki" title="Tzatziki">Mast-o-Khiar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirza_Ghassemi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mirza Ghassemi">Mirza Ghassemi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torshi" title="Torshi">Torshi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sweets and desserts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Baklava</a> (<a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_pakhlava" class="mw-redirect" title="Azerbaijani pakhlava">Azerbaijani pakhlava</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bamiyeh" class="mw-redirect" title="Bamiyeh">Bamiyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bastani" title="Bastani">Bastani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nan-e_berenji" title="Nan-e berenji">Berenji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cookie" title="Cookie">Cookie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faloodeh" title="Faloodeh">Faloodeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaz_(candy)" title="Gaz (candy)">Gaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gosh-e_Fil" class="mw-redirect" title="Gosh-e Fil">Gosh-e Fil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halva" title="Halva">Halva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaymak#The_Middle_East" title="Kaymak">Sarshir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koloocheh" title="Koloocheh">Koloocheh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolompeh" title="Kolompeh">Kolompeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavashak" title="Lavashak">Lavashak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murabba" title="Murabba">Murabba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noghl" title="Noghl">Noghl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nan-e_Nokhodchi" title="Nan-e Nokhodchi">Nokhodchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masghati" title="Masghati">Masghati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashmak" title="Pashmak">Pashmak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poolaki" title="Poolaki">Poolaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qottab" title="Qottab">Qottab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qurabiya" title="Qurabiya">Qurabiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samanu" title="Samanu">Samanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shekarbura" title="Shekarbura">Shekarbura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sholezard" title="Sholezard">Sholezard</a> (Shole-zard)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sohan_(confectionery)" title="Sohan (confectionery)">Sohān</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sohan_asali" title="Sohan asali">Sohan asali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorbet" title="Sorbet">Sorbet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabrizi_Lovuez" title="Tabrizi Lovuez">Tabrizi Lovuez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalebi#Geographic_distribution" title="Jalebi">Zoolbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yazdi_cake" title="Yazdi cake">Yazdi cake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beverages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aragh_sagi" class="mw-redirect" title="Aragh sagi">Aragh sagi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_wine" title="Persian wine">Mey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doogh" title="Doogh">Doogh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharbat_(beverage)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharbat (beverage)">Sharbat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_coffee" title="Turkish coffee">Turkish coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kefir" title="Kefir">Kefir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Instruments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cezve" title="Cezve">Jezve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangal_(barbecue)" title="Mangal (barbecue)">Mangal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolling_pin" title="Rolling pin">Oklava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tava" title="Tava">Taveh/Sac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samovar" title="Samovar">Samovar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tandoor" title="Tandoor">Tanoor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related cuisines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Iranian <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_cuisine" title="Caspian cuisine">Caspian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bandari_cuisine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bandari cuisine (page does not exist)">Southern Iranian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_cuisine" title="Afghan cuisine">Afghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balochi_cuisine" title="Balochi cuisine">Balochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dishes_from_the_Caucasus" title="List of dishes from the Caucasus">Caucasian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_cuisine" title="Armenian cuisine">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_cuisine" title="Azerbaijani cuisine">Azerbaijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_cuisine" title="Georgian cuisine">Georgian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_cuisine" title="Assyrian cuisine">Assyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_cuisine" title="Iraqi cuisine">Iraqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_cuisine" title="Kurdish cuisine">Kurdish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levantine_cuisine" title="Levantine cuisine">Levantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Eastern_cuisine" title="Middle Eastern cuisine">Middle Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajik_cuisine" title="Tajik cuisine">Tajik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_cuisine" title="Turkish cuisine">Turkish</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_cuisine" title="Ottoman cuisine">Ottoman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_cuisine" title="Uzbek cuisine">Uzbek</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/16px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/24px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/32px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Iran" title="Portal:Iran">Iran portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/16px-Foodlogo2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/24px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/32px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="146" data-file-height="106" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Food" title="Portal:Food">Food portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Turkish_cuisine367" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Turkish_cuisine" title="Template:Turkish cuisine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Turkish_cuisine" title="Template talk:Turkish cuisine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Turkish_cuisine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Turkish cuisine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Turkish_cuisine367" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Turkish_cuisine" title="Turkish cuisine">Turkish cuisine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beverages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Non-alcoholic beverages</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/M%C4%B1rra" title="Mırra">Mırra</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pekmez" title="Pekmez">Pekmez</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rize_tea" title="Rize tea">Rize tea</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Salep" title="Salep">Salep</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Ealgam" class="mw-redirect" title="Şalgam">Şalgam</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sharbat_(beverage)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharbat (beverage)">Şerbet</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%C5%9E%C4%B1ra" title="Şıra">Şıra</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Turkish_coffee" title="Turkish coffee">Turkish coffee</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tea_in_Turkey" title="Tea in Turkey">Turkish tea</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Fermented_beverage" class="mw-redirect" title="Fermented beverage">Fermented beverages</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ayran" title="Ayran">Ayran</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hardaliye" title="Hardaliye">Hardaliye</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Boza" title="Boza">Boza</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kefir" title="Kefir">Kefir</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Yay%C4%B1k_ayran%C4%B1" title="Yayık ayranı">Yayık ayranı</a></dd> <dt>Beers</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Beer_in_Turkey" title="Beer in Turkey">Beer in Turkey</a></b> (main article)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Efes_Beverage_Group" title="Efes Beverage Group">Efes</a></dd> <dd>Bomonti</dd> <dd>Pera</dd> <dd>GaraGuzu</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tekel_Biras%C4%B1" title="Tekel Birası">Tekel</a> (inactive)</dd> <dt>Distilled beverages</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rak%C4%B1" title="Rakı">Rakı</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brandy" title="Brandy">Kanyak</a></dd> <dt>Wines</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Turkish_wine" title="Turkish wine">Turkish wine</a></b> (main article)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Adakaras%C4%B1" title="Adakarası">Adakarası</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bo%C4%9Fazkere" title="Boğazkere">Boğazkere</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%C3%87alkaras%C4%B1" title="Çalkarası">Çalkarası</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kalecik_Karas%C4%B1" title="Kalecik Karası">Kalecik Karası</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%C3%96k%C3%BCzg%C3%B6z%C3%BC" title="Öküzgözü">Öküzgözü</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Papazkaras%C4%B1" title="Papazkarası">Papazkarası</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Breads</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bazlama" title="Bazlama">Bazlama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boyoz" title="Boyoz">Boyoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halguane" class="mw-redirect" title="Halguane">Çerkes simidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6zleme" title="Gözleme">Gözleme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kandil_simidi" title="Kandil simidi">Kandil simidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kattama" class="mw-redirect" title="Kattama">Katmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavash" title="Lavash">Lavaş</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokul" title="Nokul">Nokul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pita" title="Pita">Pide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boortsog" title="Boortsog">Pişi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poga%C4%8Da" title="Pogača">Poğaça</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saj_bread" title="Saj bread">Saj bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simit" title="Simit">Simit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tandoor_bread" title="Tandoor bread">Tandır bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kete_(food)" title="Kete (food)">Kete (food)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Appetizers<br />and salads</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Meze" title="Meze">Meze</a></b> (main article)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammara" title="Muhammara">Acuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakla_Ezmesi" class="mw-redirect" title="Bakla Ezmesi">Bakla Ezmesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzatziki" title="Tzatziki">Cacık</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87i%C4%9F_k%C3%B6fte" title="Çiğ köfte">Çiğ köfte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87oban_salatas%C4%B1" title="Çoban salatası">Çoban salad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasswort_salad" title="Glasswort salad">Deniz börülcesi salatası</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolma" title="Dolma">Dolma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hummus" title="Hummus">Humus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatiq" title="Qatiq">Katık</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kibbeh" title="Kibbeh">İçli köfte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0mam_bay%C4%B1ld%C4%B1" title="İmam bayıldı">İmam bayıldı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squash_blossom" title="Squash blossom">Kabak çiçeği dolması</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1s%C4%B1r" title="Kısır">Kısır</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kokoretsi" title="Kokoretsi">Kokoreç</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakerda" title="Lakerda">Lakerda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercimek_k%C3%B6ftesi" title="Mercimek köftesi">Mercimek köftesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuffed_mussels" title="Stuffed mussels">Midye dolma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastirma" title="Pastirma">Pastırma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eggplant_salads_and_appetizers" title="Eggplant salads and appetizers">Patlıcan salatası</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilaki" title="Pilaki">Pilaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piyaz" title="Piyaz">Piyaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarma_(food)" title="Sarma (food)">Sarma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sujuk" title="Sujuk">Sucuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eak%C5%9Fuka" title="Şakşuka">Şakşuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taramasalata" title="Taramasalata">Taramasalata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarator" class="mw-redirect" title="Tarator">Tarator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_cold_bulgur_soup" title="Turkish cold bulgur soup">Turkish cold bulgur soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogurt" title="Yogurt">Yoğurt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cheeses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beyaz_peynir" title="Beyaz peynir">Beyaz peynir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braided_cheese" title="Braided cheese">Braided cheese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circassian_cheese" title="Circassian cheese">Circassian cheese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_peyniri" title="Civil peyniri">Civil peyniri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87%C3%B6mlek_cheese" title="Çömlek cheese">Çömlek cheese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolaz_cheese" title="Dolaz cheese">Dolaz cheese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halloumi" title="Halloumi">Hellim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kars_gravyer_cheese" title="Kars gravyer cheese">Kars gravyer cheese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasseri" title="Kasseri">Kaşar cheese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashkaval" title="Kashkaval">Kaşkaval cheese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%BCnefe_peyniri" title="Künefe peyniri">Künefe peyniri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lava%C5%9F_cheese" title="Lavaş cheese">Lavaş cheese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizithra" title="Mizithra">Lor cheese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihali%C3%A7_Peyniri" title="Mihaliç Peyniri">Mihaliç cheese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saganaki_cheese" title="Saganaki cheese">Saganaki cheese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teleme_peyniri" class="mw-redirect" title="Teleme peyniri">Teleme peyniri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomas_peyniri" title="Tomas peyniri">Tomas peyniri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulum_cheese" title="Tulum cheese">Tulum cheese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van_herbed_cheese" title="Van herbed cheese">Van herbed cheese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Soups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Chorba" title="Chorba">Çorba</a></b> (main article)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anal%C4%B1_k%C4%B1zl%C4%B1_soup" title="Analı kızlı soup">Analı kızlı soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bal%C4%B1k_%C3%A7orbas%C4%B1" title="Balık çorbası">Balık çorbası</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezogelin_soup" title="Ezogelin soup">Ezogelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripe_chorba" class="mw-redirect" title="Tripe chorba">İşkembe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheep_sorrel_soup" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheep sorrel soup">Kuzukulağı çorbası</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lentil_soup" title="Lentil soup">Mercimek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarhana" title="Tarhana">Tarhana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyga_soup" title="Toyga soup">Toyga soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yayla_%C3%A7orbas%C4%B1" title="Yayla çorbası">Yayla çorbası</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ash_reshteh" class="mw-redirect" title="Ash reshteh">Erişte aşı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keledo%C5%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="Keledoş">Keledoş</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khash_(dish)" title="Khash (dish)">Kelle paça</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicken_soup" title="Chicken soup">Chicken soup</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dishes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arnavut_ci%C4%9Feri" title="Arnavut ciğeri">Arnavut ciğeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuffed_quinces" title="Stuffed quinces">Ayva dolması</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bal%C4%B1k_ekmek" title="Balık ekmek">Balık ekmek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B6rek" title="Börek">Börek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bu%C4%9Fu_kebab%C4%B1" title="Buğu kebabı">Buğu kebabı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgur" title="Bulgur">Bulgur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bursa_Cantik_Pide" title="Bursa Cantik Pide">Bursa Cantik Pide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87orbal%C4%B1k_kesme" title="Çorbalık kesme">Çorbalık kesme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eevketibostan_yeme%C4%9Fi" title="Şevketibostan yemeği">Şevketibostan yemeği</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0irden" class="mw-redirect" title="Širden">Şırdan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chebureki" title="Chebureki">Çiğ börek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87%C4%B1lb%C4%B1r" title="Çılbır">Çılbır</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colocasia_with_lamb" title="Colocasia with lamb">Colocasia with lamb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_poppy_with_lamb" title="Corn poppy with lamb">Corn poppy with lamb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuffed_tomatoes" title="Stuffed tomatoes">Domates dolması</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etli_makarna" title="Etli makarna">Etli makarna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabakl%C4%B1_peynirli_b%C3%B6rek" title="Kabaklı peynirli börek">Kabaklı peynirli börek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kavurma" title="Kavurma">Kavurma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kesme" title="Kesme">Erişte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khash_(dish)" title="Khash (dish)">Kelle Paça</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6mbe" title="Kömbe">Kömbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dry_meatballs" class="mw-redirect" title="Dry meatballs">Kuru köfte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuffed_apples" title="Stuffed apples">Elma dolması</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harput_meatballs" title="Harput meatballs">Harput meatballs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ispanakl%C4%B1_Selanik_B%C3%B6re%C4%9Fi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ispanaklı Selanik Böreği">Ispanaklı Selanik Böreği</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0%C3%A7li_Pide" class="mw-redirect" title="İçli Pide">İçli Pide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smyrna_meatballs" title="Smyrna meatballs">İzmir köfte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapuska" title="Kapuska">Kapuska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karn%C4%B1yar%C4%B1k" title="Karnıyarık">Karnıyarık</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ke%C5%9Fkek" title="Keşkek">Keşkek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuru_fasulye" title="Kuru fasulye">Kuru fasulye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A2pa" title="Lâpa">Lâpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahmajoun" class="mw-redirect" title="Lahmajoun">Lahmacun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lepsi_(dish)" title="Lepsi (dish)">Lepsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libje_lebje_basta" title="Libje lebje basta">Libje lebje basta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mallow_with_lamb" title="Mallow with lamb">Mallow with lamb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manti_(food)" title="Manti (food)">Mantı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menemen_(food)" title="Menemen (food)">Menemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirik_meatball" title="Mirik meatball">Mirik meatball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moussaka" title="Moussaka">Musakka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eggplant_papucaki" class="mw-redirect" title="Eggplant papucaki">Papucaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuffed_eggplant" title="Stuffed eggplant">Patlıcan dolması</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fried_eggplant" title="Fried eggplant">Patlıcan kızartması</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patl%C4%B1canl%C4%B1_kebap" title="Patlıcanlı kebap">Patlıcan kebabı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perdeli_pilav" title="Perdeli pilav">Perdeli pilav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilaf" title="Pilaf">Pilav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piyaziye" title="Piyaziye">Piyaziye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puf_B%C3%B6re%C4%9Fi" title="Puf Böreği">Puf Böreği</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siron_(food)" title="Siron (food)">Siron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su_B%C3%B6re%C4%9Fi" class="mw-redirect" title="Su Böreği">Su Böreği</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolma" title="Dolma">Soğan dolma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tas_kebap" class="mw-redirect" title="Tas kebap">Tas kebap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatar_b%C3%B6re%C4%9Fi" title="Tatar böreği">Tatar böreği</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrl%C3%BC" title="Türlü">Türlü</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzun_eri%C5%9Fte" title="Uzun erişte">Uzun erişte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van_k%C3%B6fte" title="Van köfte">Van köfte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahni" title="Yahni">Yahni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Grilled meats</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Kebab" title="Kebab">Kebab</a></b> (main article)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adana_kebab%C4%B1" title="Adana kebabı">Adana kebab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ak%C3%A7aabat_meatballs" class="mw-redirect" title="Akçaabat meatballs">Akçaabat meatballs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alinazik_kebab" title="Alinazik kebab">Alinazik kebab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beyti_kebab" title="Beyti kebab">Beyti kebab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ca%C4%9F_kebab%C4%B1" title="Cağ kebabı">Cağ kebab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doner_kebab" title="Doner kebab">Döner kebab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0neg%C3%B6l_meatballs" title="İnegöl meatballs">İnegöl meatballs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0skender_kebap" title="İskender kebap">İskender kebab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kofta" title="Kofta">Köfte</a></li> <li>Miskender</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patl%C4%B1canl%C4%B1_kebap" title="Patlıcanlı kebap">Eggplant kebab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pideli_k%C3%B6fte" title="Pideli köfte">Pideli köfte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shish_kebab" title="Shish kebab">Şiş kebab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Ei%C5%9F_k%C3%B6fte" class="mw-redirect" title="Şiş köfte">Şiş köfte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shish_taouk" title="Shish taouk">Şiş tavuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_meatballs" title="Tire meatballs">Tire meatballs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Desserts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_Turkish_desserts" title="List of Turkish desserts">Turkish desserts</a></b> (main article)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ac%C4%B1badem_kurabiyesi" title="Acıbadem kurabiyesi">Acıbadem kurabiyesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashure" title="Ashure">Aşure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quince_dessert" class="mw-redirect" title="Quince dessert">Ayva tatlısı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balparmak_tatl%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Balparmak tatlısı">Balparmak tatlısı</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Baklava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BClb%C3%BCl_yuvas%C4%B1" title="Bülbül yuvası">Bülbül yuvası</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churchkhela" title="Churchkhela">Cevizli sucuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walnut_stuffed_figs" title="Walnut stuffed figs">Cevizli kuru incir tatlısı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cevizli_Irmik_Tatl%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Cevizli Irmik Tatlısı">Cevizli Irmik Tatlısı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cezerye" title="Cezerye">Cezerye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dilber_duda%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Dilber dudağı">Dilber dudağı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dibile" title="Dibile">Dibile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dondurma" title="Dondurma">Dondurma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekmek_kaday%C4%B1f%C4%B1" title="Ekmek kadayıfı">Ekmek kadayıfı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fig_roll" title="Fig roll">Fig roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenicia_dessert" title="Phoenicia dessert">Fenike tatlısı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BClla%C3%A7" title="Güllaç">Güllaç</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halva" title="Halva">Helva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady%27s_navel" title="Lady's navel">Hanım göbeği</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho%C5%9Faf" title="Hoşaf">Hoşaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho%C5%9Fmerim" title="Hoşmerim">Hoşmerim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ispanakl%C4%B1_kek" class="mw-redirect" title="Ispanaklı kek">Ispanaklı kek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0zmir_Bomb_Kurabiye" title="İzmir Bomb Kurabiye">İzmir Bomb Kurabiye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabak_tatl%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Kabak tatlısı">Kabak tatlısı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalburabast%C4%B1" title="Kalburabastı">Kalburabastı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kavala_Almond_Cookies" title="Kavala Almond Cookies">Kavala Almond Cookies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazandibi" title="Kazandibi">Kazandibi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaysefe" title="Kaysefe">Kaysefe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marron_glac%C3%A9" title="Marron glacé">Kestane şekeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ke%C5%9Fk%C3%BCl" title="Keşkül">Keşkül</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6yl%C3%BC_pastas%C4%B1" title="Köylü pastası">Köylü pastası</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qurabiya" title="Qurabiya">Kurabiye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanafeh" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanafeh">Künefe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lokma" title="Lokma">Lokma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_delight" title="Turkish delight">Lokum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macun" title="Macun">Macun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesir_macunu" title="Mesir macunu">Mesir macunu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mu%C4%9Fla_halkas%C4%B1" title="Muğla halkası">Muğla halkası</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhallebi" title="Muhallebi">Muhallebi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murabbal%C4%B1_mecidiye" title="Murabbalı mecidiye">Murabbalı mecidiye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevzine_tatl%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Nevzine tatlısı">Nevzine tatlısı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orcik_candy" title="Orcik candy">Orcik candy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepe%C3%A7ura" title="Pepeçura">Pepeçura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pestil" title="Pestil">Pestil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boortsog" title="Boortsog">Pişi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi%C5%9Fmaniye" title="Pişmaniye">Pişmaniye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eambali" title="Şambali">Şambali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eekerpare" title="Şekerpare">Şekerpare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9E%C4%B1ll%C4%B1k" title="Şıllık">Şıllık</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supangle" title="Supangle">Supangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_pudding" title="Rice pudding">Sütlaç</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basbousa" title="Basbousa">Revani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCtl%C3%BC_Nuriye" title="Sütlü Nuriye">Sütlü Nuriye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9E%C3%B6biyet" title="Şöbiyet">Şöbiyet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahini" title="Tahini">Tahin</a>-<a href="/wiki/Pekmez" title="Pekmez">pekmez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahini_roll" class="mw-redirect" title="Tahini roll">Tahini roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tavuk_g%C3%B6%C4%9Fs%C3%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="Tavuk göğsü">Tavukgöğsü</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tres_leches_cake#Variations" title="Tres leches cake">Trileçe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulumba" title="Tulumba">Tulumba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flour_kurabiye" title="Flour kurabiye">Un kurabiyesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vizier%27s_fingers" title="Vizier's fingers">Vezir parmağı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zerde" title="Zerde">Zerde</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Frequent ingredients</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Vegetables</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bean" title="Bean">Bean</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bell_pepper" title="Bell pepper">Bell pepper</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Eggplant" title="Eggplant">Eggplant</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Leek" title="Leek">Leek</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lentil" title="Lentil">Lentil</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Spinach" title="Spinach">Spinach</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tomato" title="Tomato">Tomato</a></dd> <dt>Herbs & spices</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Almond" title="Almond">Almond</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Black_pepper" title="Black pepper">Black pepper</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chestnut" title="Chestnut">Chestnut</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cinnamon" title="Cinnamon">Cinnamon</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cumin" title="Cumin">Cumin</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dried_apricot" title="Dried apricot">Dried apricot</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Garlic" title="Garlic">Garlic</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hazelnut" title="Hazelnut">Hazelnut</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Peppermint" title="Peppermint">Mint</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nut_(food)" title="Nut (food)">Nut</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Onion" title="Onion">Onion</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Oregano" title="Oregano">Oregano</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Paprika" title="Paprika">Paprika</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Parsley" title="Parsley">Parsley</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pistachio" title="Pistachio">Pistachio</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_pepper" title="Aleppo pepper">Pul biber</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cayenne_pepper" title="Cayenne pepper">Red pepper</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Thyme" title="Thyme">Thyme</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Urfa_biber" title="Urfa biber">Urfa pepper</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Walnut" title="Walnut">Walnut</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unique instruments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cezve" title="Cezve">Cezve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samovar" title="Samovar">Çaydanlık</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazan_(cookware)" title="Kazan (cookware)">Kazan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangal_(barbecue)" title="Mangal (barbecue)">Mangal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolling_pin" title="Rolling pin">Oklava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tava" title="Tava">Sac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samovar" title="Samovar">Semaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tandoor" title="Tandoor">Tandır</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related cuisines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_cuisine" title="Arab cuisine">Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_cuisine" title="Balkan cuisine">Balkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dishes_from_the_Caucasus" title="List of dishes from the Caucasus">Caucasian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Asian_cuisine" title="Central Asian cuisine">Central Asian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_cuisine" title="Greek cuisine">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_cuisine" title="Iranian cuisine">Iranian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_cuisine" title="Kurdish cuisine">Kurdish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levantine_cuisine" title="Levantine cuisine">Levantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_cuisine" title="Mediterranean cuisine">Mediterranean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Eastern_cuisine" title="Middle Eastern cuisine">Middle Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_cuisine" title="Mongolian cuisine">Mongolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_cuisine" title="Ottoman cuisine">Ottoman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatar_cuisine" title="Tatar cuisine">Tatar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/24px-Foodlogo2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/36px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/48px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="146" data-file-height="106" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Food" title="Portal:Food">Food portal</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Turkey" title="Portal:Turkey">Turkey Portal</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Serbian_cuisine107" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Serbian_cuisine" title="Template:Serbian cuisine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Serbian_cuisine" title="Template talk:Serbian cuisine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Serbian_cuisine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Serbian cuisine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Serbian_cuisine107" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Serbian_cuisine" title="Serbian cuisine">Serbian cuisine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ingredients</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">Milk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheese" title="Cheese">Cheese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pule_cheese" title="Pule cheese">Pule cheese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashkaval" title="Kashkaval">Kačkavalj cheese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butter" title="Butter">Butter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bean" title="Bean">Bean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_pepper" title="Bell pepper">Bell pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eggplant" title="Eggplant">Eggplant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feferon" class="mw-redirect" title="Feferon">Feferon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabbage" title="Cabbage">Cabbage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leek" title="Leek">Leek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lentil" title="Lentil">Lentil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olive" title="Olive">Olive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pea" title="Pea">Pea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinach" title="Spinach">Spinach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomato" title="Tomato">Tomato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almond" title="Almond">Almond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_pepper" title="Black pepper">Black pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chestnut" title="Chestnut">Chestnut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinnamon" title="Cinnamon">Cinnamon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumin" title="Cumin">Cumin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garlic" title="Garlic">Garlic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazelnut" title="Hazelnut">Hazelnut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peppermint" title="Peppermint">Mint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nut_(food)" title="Nut (food)">Nut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onion" title="Onion">Onion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregano" title="Oregano">Oregano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paprika" title="Paprika">Paprika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parsley" title="Parsley">Parsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayenne_pepper" title="Cayenne pepper">Red pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sesame" title="Sesame">Sesame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thyme" title="Thyme">Thyme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walnut" title="Walnut">Walnut</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Breads</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cesnica" title="Česnica">Česnica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simit" title="Simit">Đevrek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kifli" title="Kifli">Kifla</a></li> <li>Mekika</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pita" title="Pita">Lepinja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filo" title="Filo">Phyllo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poga%C4%8Da" title="Pogača">Pogača</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popara" title="Popara">Popara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proja" title="Proja">Proja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavski_kola%C4%8D" title="Slavski kolač">Slavski kolač</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Appetizers and salads</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meze" title="Meze">Meze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_salad" title="Serbian salad">Serbian salad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajvar" title="Ajvar">Ajvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogurt" title="Yogurt">Jogurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaymak" title="Kaymak">Kajmak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strained_yogurt" title="Strained yogurt">Kiselo mleko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pindjur" title="Pindjur">Pinđur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urnebes" title="Urnebes">Urnebes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dishes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%86evapi" title="Ćevapi">Ćevapi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%86ufta" class="mw-redirect" title="Ćufta">Ćufta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cvarci" title="Čvarci">Čvarci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kara%C4%91or%C4%91eva_%C5%A1nicla" title="Karađorđeva šnicla">Karađorđeva šnicla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_grill" title="Mixed grill">Mixed grill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mu%C4%87kalica" title="Mućkalica">Mućkalica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pljeskavica" title="Pljeskavica">Pljeskavica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ra%C5%BEnji%C4%87i" title="Ražnjići">Ražnjići</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roasted_piglet" class="mw-redirect" title="Roasted piglet">Roasted piglet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sujuk" title="Sujuk">Sudžuk</a></li> <li>Vešalica</li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B6rek" title="Börek">Burek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibanica" title="Gibanica">Gibanica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grits" title="Grits">Griz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goulash" title="Goulash">Gulaš</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%90uve%C4%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Đuveč">Đuveč</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ka%C4%8Damak" title="Kačamak">Kačamak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moussaka" title="Moussaka">Musaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%B6rk%C3%B6lt" title="Pörkölt">Paprikaš</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasulj" title="Pasulj">Pasulj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilaf" title="Pilaf">Pilav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Podvarak" title="Podvarak">Podvarak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refried_beans" title="Refried beans">Prebranac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjena_paprika" class="mw-redirect" title="Punjena paprika">Punjena paprika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjene_tikvice" class="mw-redirect" title="Punjene tikvice">Punjene tikvice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarma_(food)" title="Sarma (food)">Sarma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satara%C5%A1" title="Sataraš">Sataraš</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chorba" title="Chorba">Čorba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisherman%27s_soup" title="Fisherman's soup">Riblja čorba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_cabbage" title="Wedding cabbage">Svadbarski kupus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beverages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mineral_water" title="Mineral water">Kisela voda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_coffee#Serbia" title="Turkish coffee">Serbian coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rakia" title="Rakia">Rakija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slivovitz" title="Slivovitz">Šljivovica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beer_in_Serbia" title="Beer in Serbia">Beer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_wine" title="Serbian wine">Wine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Krsta%C4%8D" title="Krstač">Krstač</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prokupac" title="Prokupac">Prokupac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smederevka" title="Smederevka">Smederevka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamjanika" title="Tamjanika">Tamjanika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vranac" title="Vranac">Vranac</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Desserts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Baklava</a></li> <li>Grilijaš cake</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knedle" title="Knedle">Knedle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krempita" class="mw-redirect" title="Krempita">Krempita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanaimo_bar" title="Nanaimo bar">Ledena kocka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wafer" title="Wafer">Napolitanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orehnja%C4%8Da" class="mw-redirect" title="Orehnjača">Orehnjača</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pala%C4%8Dinke" class="mw-redirect" title="Palačinke">Palačinke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pekmez" title="Pekmez">Pekmez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_delight" title="Turkish delight">Ratluk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruske_kape" title="Ruske kape">Ruske kape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slatko" title="Slatko">Slatko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_pudding" title="Rice pudding">Sutlijaš</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ampita" title="Šampita">Šampita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulumba" title="Tulumba">Tulumba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U%C5%A1tipci" title="Uštipci">Uštipci</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Instruments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cezve" title="Cezve">Džezva</a></li> <li>Grne</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangal_(barbecue)" title="Mangal (barbecue)">Roštilj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolling_pin" title="Rolling pin">Oklagija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa%C4%8D" title="Sač">Sač</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related cuisines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_cuisine" title="Austrian cuisine">Austrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_cuisine" title="Balkan cuisine">Balkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_cuisine" title="Bulgarian cuisine">Bulgarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_cuisine" title="Greek cuisine">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_cuisine" title="Hungarian cuisine">Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_cuisine" title="Mediterranean cuisine">Mediterranean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Eastern_cuisine" title="Middle Eastern cuisine">Middle Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_cuisine" title="Montenegrin cuisine">Montenegrin cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_cuisine" title="Turkish cuisine">Turkish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Baklava&oldid=1276621946">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Baklava&oldid=1276621946</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Baklava" title="Category:Baklava">Baklava</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nut_desserts" title="Category:Nut desserts">Nut desserts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Assyrian_cuisine" title="Category:Assyrian cuisine">Assyrian cuisine</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Arab_cuisine" title="Category:Arab cuisine">Arab cuisine</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Albanian_cuisine" title="Category:Albanian cuisine">Albanian cuisine</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Azerbaijani_cuisine" title="Category:Azerbaijani cuisine">Azerbaijani cuisine</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Balkan_cuisine" title="Category:Balkan cuisine">Balkan cuisine</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Iranian_cuisine" title="Category:Iranian cuisine">Iranian cuisine</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Kosovan_cuisine" title="Category:Kosovan cuisine">Kosovan cuisine</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Middle_Eastern_cuisine" title="Category:Middle Eastern cuisine">Middle Eastern cuisine</a></li><li><a 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