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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Presentation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presentation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Profiterole</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 33 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-33" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">33 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84" title="بروفيترول – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بروفيترول" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profitrol_%C5%9Firniyyat%C4%B1" title="Profitrol şirniyyatı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Profitrol şirniyyatı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Прафітролі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Прафітролі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Профитерол – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Профитерол" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profiterola" title="Profiterola – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Profiterola" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profiterole" title="Profiterole – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Profiterole" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proffiterol" title="Proffiterol – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Proffiterol" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vandbakkelse" title="Vandbakkelse – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Vandbakkelse" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profiterole" title="Profiterole – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Profiterole" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%86%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BB" title="Προφιτερόλ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Προφιτερόλ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profiterol" title="Profiterol – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Profiterol" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profiterole" title="Profiterole – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Profiterole" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%ED%94%BC%ED%8A%B8%EB%A1%A4" title="프로피트롤 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프로피트롤" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%86%D5%AB%D5%BF%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%AC" title="Պրոֆիտրոլ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պրոֆիտրոլ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kue_sus" title="Kue sus – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kue sus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profiterole" title="Profiterole – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Profiterole" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%97%D7%96%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA" title="פחזנית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פחזנית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profiterole" title="Profiterole – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Profiterole" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%AB%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D" title="ಪ್ರಫಿಟ್ರಲ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪ್ರಫಿಟ್ರಲ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soesje" title="Soesje – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Soesje" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vannbakkels" title="Vannbakkels – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vannbakkels" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vassbakkels" title="Vassbakkels – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Vassbakkels" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pty%C5%9B" title="Ptyś – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ptyś" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profiterole" title="Profiterole – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Profiterole" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Профитроли – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Профитроли" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vetern%C3%ADk_(z%C3%A1kusok)" title="Veterník (zákusok) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Veterník (zákusok)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuulihattu" title="Tuulihattu – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tuulihattu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5" title="พรอฟีทรอล – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พรอฟีทรอล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profiterol" title="Profiterol – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Profiterol" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%96%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Профітролі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Профітролі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%A1%E8%8A%99" title="泡芙 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="泡芙" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%A1%E8%8A%99" title="泡芙 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="泡芙" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%A1%E8%8A%99" title="泡芙 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="泡芙" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1152821#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage 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searchaux" style="display:none">Cream-filled pastry</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Creampuff" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Creampuff_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Creampuff (disambiguation)">Creampuff (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox hrecipe adr"><caption class="infobox-title fn"><span>Profiterole</span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Paris_2e_-_Rue_Vivienne_-_Restaurant_Le_Vaudeville_-_Profiteroles_au_chocolat.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Paris_2e_-_Rue_Vivienne_-_Restaurant_Le_Vaudeville_-_Profiteroles_au_chocolat.jpg/230px-Paris_2e_-_Rue_Vivienne_-_Restaurant_Le_Vaudeville_-_Profiteroles_au_chocolat.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Paris_2e_-_Rue_Vivienne_-_Restaurant_Le_Vaudeville_-_Profiteroles_au_chocolat.jpg/345px-Paris_2e_-_Rue_Vivienne_-_Restaurant_Le_Vaudeville_-_Profiteroles_au_chocolat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Paris_2e_-_Rue_Vivienne_-_Restaurant_Le_Vaudeville_-_Profiteroles_au_chocolat.jpg/460px-Paris_2e_-_Rue_Vivienne_-_Restaurant_Le_Vaudeville_-_Profiteroles_au_chocolat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding-bottom:0.25em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"><i>Profiteroles au chocolat</i>, chou with ice cream and chocolate <a href="/wiki/Ganache" title="Ganache">ganache</a>, at Le Vaudeville, a <a href="/wiki/Brasserie" title="Brasserie">brasserie</a> on Rue Vivienne in Paris</div></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Alternative names</th><td class="infobox-data">Cream puff (US)</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Place of origin</th><td class="infobox-data country-name"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Main ingredients</th><td class="infobox-data ingredient"><a href="/wiki/Choux_pastry" title="Choux pastry">Choux pastry</a><br />Filling: <a href="/wiki/Whipped_cream" title="Whipped cream">whipped cream</a>, <a href="/wiki/Custard" title="Custard">custard</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Ice_cream" title="Ice cream">ice cream</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Other information</th><td class="infobox-data">Water based, milk based</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-top:0.25em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Profiterole" class="extiw" title="commons:Profiterole">Media: Profiterole</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <b>profiterole</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">French:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[pʁɔfitʁɔl]</a></span>), <i><b>chou à la crème</b></i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">French:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[ʃu<span class="wrap"> </span>a<span class="wrap"> </span>la<span class="wrap"> </span>kʁɛm]</a></span>), also known alternatively as a <b>cream puff</b> (US), is a <a href="/wiki/Filling_(cooking)" class="mw-redirect" title="Filling (cooking)">filled</a> French <a href="/wiki/Choux_pastry" title="Choux pastry">choux pastry</a> ball with a typically sweet and moist filling of <a href="/wiki/Whipped_cream" title="Whipped cream">whipped cream</a>, <a href="/wiki/Custard" title="Custard">custard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pastry_cream" class="mw-redirect" title="Pastry cream">pastry cream</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Ice_cream" title="Ice cream">ice cream</a>. The puffs may be embellished or left plain or garnished with <a href="/wiki/Ganache" title="Ganache">chocolate sauce</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caramel" title="Caramel">caramel</a>, or a dusting of <a href="/wiki/Powdered_sugar" title="Powdered sugar">powdered sugar</a>. </p><p>Savory profiterole are also made, filled with pureed meats, cheese, and so on. These were formerly common garnishes for soups.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The various names may be associated with particular variants of filling or sauce in different places.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Preparation">Preparation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Profiterole&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Preparation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Choux_pastry" title="Choux pastry">Choux pastry</a> dough is piped through a <a href="/wiki/Pastry_bag" title="Pastry bag">pastry bag</a> or dropped with a pair of spoons into small balls and baked to form largely hollow puffs. After cooling, the baked profiteroles are injected with filling using a pastry bag and narrow piping tip, or by slicing off the top, filling them, and reassembling. For sweet profiteroles, additional glazes or decorations may then be added. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Presentation">Presentation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Profiterole&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Presentation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The most common presentations are pastry cream, whipped cream, or ice cream filling, topped with powdered sugar or chocolate ganache and possibly more whipped cream. They are also served plain, with a crisp caramel glaze, <a href="/wiki/Icing_(food)" title="Icing (food)">iced</a>, or with fruit. </p><p>Filled and glazed with caramel, they are assembled into a type of <a href="/wiki/Pi%C3%A8ce_mont%C3%A9e" title="Pièce montée">pièce montée</a> called <a href="/wiki/Croquembouche" title="Croquembouche">croquembouches</a>, often served at <a href="/wiki/Wedding" title="Wedding">weddings</a> in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> and <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, during the Christmas holiday in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, and are served during important celebrations in <a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a>. Profiteroles are also used as the outer wall of a <a href="/wiki/St._Honor%C3%A9_cake" title="St. Honoré cake">St. Honoré cake</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Profiterole&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The French word <i>profiterole</i>, 'small profit, gratification', has been used in cuisine since the 16th century.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 17th century, profiteroles were small hollow bread rolls filled with a mixture of sweetbreads, truffles, artichoke bottoms, mushrooms, pieces of partridge, pheasant, or various poultry, accompanied by garnish. They could also be served in a soup.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Massialot" title="François Massialot">François Massialot</a> in <i>Le Cuisinier royal et bourgeois</i><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (1698) gives several recipes for profiterole soup, with fillings of minced ham and poultry on a stew of mushrooms, asparagus, artichoke bottoms, rooster crests, sweetbreads, and truffles. The profiteroles are made of bread dough. </p><p>Joseph Menon in his <i>Traité de cuisine</i><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (1732) and François Marin in <i>Les Dons de Comus</i><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (1750) give other examples of savory recipes while keeping the same principle. </p><p>The profiteroles we know today, using choux pastry, were created in the 19th century. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Jules_Gouff%C3%A9" title="Jules Gouffé">Jules Gouffé</a> in his <i>Livre de cuisine</i><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (1870) explains that a profiterole is a small choux pastry. Gustave Garlin in <i>Le Cuisinier moderne</i><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (1887) mentions profiteroles filled with cream and glazed with chocolate or coffee, worked to be smooth and shiny. </p><p>A widely-repeated legend claims that choux pastry, the key ingredient of profiteroles, was invented by the head chef to the court of <a href="/wiki/Catherine_de%27_Medici" title="Catherine de' Medici">Catherine de' Medici</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Larouse_gastronomique_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Larouse_gastronomique-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But this is a <a href="/wiki/Choux_pastry#History" title="Choux pastry">19th-century invention</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The pastry cook's art of choux pastry began to develop around the 17th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Larouse_gastronomique_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Larouse_gastronomique-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The patissier Jean Avice<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> developed the pastry further in the middle of the 18th century and created choux buns, with the dough becoming known as 'pâte à choux', since only choux buns were made from it. In the 19th century, <a href="/wiki/Antoine_Car%C3%AAme" class="mw-redirect" title="Antoine Carême">Antoine Carême</a> developed the recipe used today.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Profiteroles_by_Star5112.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Single profiterole with ice cream and chocolate ganache"><img alt="Single profiterole with ice cream and chocolate ganache" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Profiteroles_by_Star5112.jpg/120px-Profiteroles_by_Star5112.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Profiteroles_by_Star5112.jpg/180px-Profiteroles_by_Star5112.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Profiteroles_by_Star5112.jpg/240px-Profiteroles_by_Star5112.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Single profiterole with ice cream and chocolate ganache</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Windbeutel.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A German version, known as a windbeutel"><img alt="A German version, known as a windbeutel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Windbeutel.jpg/120px-Windbeutel.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Windbeutel.jpg/180px-Windbeutel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Windbeutel.jpg/240px-Windbeutel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A German version, known as a <i>windbeutel</i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:V%C4%9ATRN%C3%8DK_%2B%C5%A1X%C3%A9%C5%99X%C4%9B%C3%A9%C4%9B%C3%A9.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A Czech version with chocolate"><img alt="A Czech version with chocolate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/V%C4%9ATRN%C3%8DK_%2B%C5%A1X%C3%A9%C5%99X%C4%9B%C3%A9%C4%9B%C3%A9.jpg/120px-V%C4%9ATRN%C3%8DK_%2B%C5%A1X%C3%A9%C5%99X%C4%9B%C3%A9%C4%9B%C3%A9.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/V%C4%9ATRN%C3%8DK_%2B%C5%A1X%C3%A9%C5%99X%C4%9B%C3%A9%C4%9B%C3%A9.jpg/180px-V%C4%9ATRN%C3%8DK_%2B%C5%A1X%C3%A9%C5%99X%C4%9B%C3%A9%C4%9B%C3%A9.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/V%C4%9ATRN%C3%8DK_%2B%C5%A1X%C3%A9%C5%99X%C4%9B%C3%A9%C4%9B%C3%A9.jpg/240px-V%C4%9ATRN%C3%8DK_%2B%C5%A1X%C3%A9%C5%99X%C4%9B%C3%A9%C4%9B%C3%A9.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5664" data-file-height="4248" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A Czech version with chocolate</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%C4%B0nci_Pastanesi_Profiterol.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A Turkish version"><img alt="A Turkish version" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/%C4%B0nci_Pastanesi_Profiterol.jpg/120px-%C4%B0nci_Pastanesi_Profiterol.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/%C4%B0nci_Pastanesi_Profiterol.jpg/180px-%C4%B0nci_Pastanesi_Profiterol.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/%C4%B0nci_Pastanesi_Profiterol.jpg/240px-%C4%B0nci_Pastanesi_Profiterol.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A Turkish version</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E3%83%9B%E3%82%A4%E3%83%83%E3%83%97%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0_%E3%81%9F%E3%81%A3%E3%81%B7%E3%82%8A_(48154860687).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Japanese cream puffs at a Fujiya store in Tokyo"><img alt="Japanese cream puffs at a Fujiya store in Tokyo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/%E3%83%9B%E3%82%A4%E3%83%83%E3%83%97%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0_%E3%81%9F%E3%81%A3%E3%81%B7%E3%82%8A_%2848154860687%29.jpg/120px-%E3%83%9B%E3%82%A4%E3%83%83%E3%83%97%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0_%E3%81%9F%E3%81%A3%E3%81%B7%E3%82%8A_%2848154860687%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/%E3%83%9B%E3%82%A4%E3%83%83%E3%83%97%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0_%E3%81%9F%E3%81%A3%E3%81%B7%E3%82%8A_%2848154860687%29.jpg/180px-%E3%83%9B%E3%82%A4%E3%83%83%E3%83%97%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0_%E3%81%9F%E3%81%A3%E3%81%B7%E3%82%8A_%2848154860687%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/%E3%83%9B%E3%82%A4%E3%83%83%E3%83%97%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0_%E3%81%9F%E3%81%A3%E3%81%B7%E3%82%8A_%2848154860687%29.jpg/240px-%E3%83%9B%E3%82%A4%E3%83%83%E3%83%97%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0_%E3%81%9F%E3%81%A3%E3%81%B7%E3%82%8A_%2848154860687%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Japanese cream puffs at a <a href="/wiki/Fujiya" title="Fujiya">Fujiya</a> store in <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="United_States">United States</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Profiterole&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cream_puff_in_Graduation_dinner.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Cream_puff_in_Graduation_dinner.jpg/220px-Cream_puff_in_Graduation_dinner.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Cream_puff_in_Graduation_dinner.jpg/330px-Cream_puff_in_Graduation_dinner.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Cream_puff_in_Graduation_dinner.jpg/440px-Cream_puff_in_Graduation_dinner.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>A plate of cream puffs</figcaption></figure> <p>Cream puffs have appeared on U.S. restaurant menus since at least 1851.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_State_Fair" title="Wisconsin State Fair">Wisconsin State Fair</a> is known for its giant cream puffs.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Hawaii" title="Cuisine of Hawaii">Hawaii</a>, <b>coco puffs</b> (not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Cocoa_Puffs" title="Cocoa Puffs">Cocoa Puffs</a>) made by Liliha Bakery are a popular dessert. They are filled with chocolate <a href="/wiki/Custard" title="Custard">creme patissiere</a> and topped with a frosting known as "chantilly" (similar to <a href="/wiki/German_chocolate_cake" title="German chocolate cake">German chocolate cake</a> sans coconut and nuts).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Profiterole&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/32px-Foodlogo2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/48px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/64px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="146" data-file-height="106" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Food" title="Portal:Food">Food portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bossche_bol" title="Bossche bol">Bossche bol</a> – a giant profiterole from the Dutch city of <a href="/wiki/%27s-Hertogenbosch" title="'s-Hertogenbosch">Den Bosch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89clair" title="Éclair">Éclair</a> – a differently-shaped choux and cream pastry</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goug%C3%A8re" title="Gougère">Gougère</a> – an hors d'oeuvre made with choux pastry</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_desserts" title="List of French desserts">List of French desserts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moorkop" title="Moorkop">Moorkop</a> – a similar Dutch pastry</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whoopie_pie" title="Whoopie pie">Whoopie pie</a> – a similarly shaped pastry</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Profiterole&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Prosper Montagné, <i><a href="/wiki/Larousse_Gastronomique" title="Larousse Gastronomique">Larousse Gastronomique</a></i>, 1st edition, 1938, <i>s.v.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCarole_Bloom2007" class="citation book cs1">Carole Bloom (2 March 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cyR9VsqMvJsC&pg=PA433"><i>The Essential Baker: The Comprehensive Guide to Baking with Chocolate, Fruit, Nuts, Spices, and Other Ingredients</i></a>. John Wiley and Sons. pp. 433–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7645-7645-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7645-7645-4"><bdi>978-0-7645-7645-4</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Essential+Baker%3A+The+Comprehensive+Guide+to+Baking+with+Chocolate%2C+Fruit%2C+Nuts%2C+Spices%2C+and+Other+Ingredients&rft.pages=433-&rft.pub=John+Wiley+and+Sons&rft.date=2007-03-02&rft.isbn=978-0-7645-7645-4&rft.au=Carole+Bloom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcyR9VsqMvJsC%26pg%3DPA433&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProfiterole" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_Ruhlman2009" class="citation book cs1">Michael Ruhlman (7 April 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zGaRpi4YdIQC&pg=PA46"><i>Ratio: The Simple Codes Behind the Craft of Everyday Cooking</i></a>. Simon and Schuster. pp. 46–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-6611-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-6611-3"><bdi>978-1-4165-6611-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ratio%3A+The+Simple+Codes+Behind+the+Craft+of+Everyday+Cooking&rft.pages=46-&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=2009-04-07&rft.isbn=978-1-4165-6611-3&rft.au=Michael+Ruhlman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzGaRpi4YdIQC%26pg%3DPA46&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProfiterole" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGood_Housekeeping_MagazineGood_Housekeeping2001" class="citation book cs1">Good Housekeeping Magazine; Good Housekeeping (28 December 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TucnTDr5qdAC&pg=PA512"><i>The Good Housekeeping Illustrated Cookbook: America's Bestselling Step-by-Step Cookbook, with More Than 1,400 Recipes</i></a>. Hearst Books. pp. 512–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58816-070-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58816-070-6"><bdi>978-1-58816-070-6</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Good+Housekeeping+Illustrated+Cookbook%3A+America%27s+Bestselling+Step-by-Step+Cookbook%2C+with+More+Than+1%2C400+Recipes&rft.pages=512-&rft.pub=Hearst+Books&rft.date=2001-12-28&rft.isbn=978-1-58816-070-6&rft.au=Good+Housekeeping+Magazine&rft.au=Good+Housekeeping&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTucnTDr5qdAC%26pg%3DPA512&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProfiterole" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlenn_RinskyLaura_Halpin_Rinsky2008" class="citation book cs1">Glenn Rinsky; Laura Halpin Rinsky (14 February 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DOA9n0XjlCgC&pg=PA228"><i>The Pastry Chef's Companion: A Comprehensive Resource Guide for the Baking and Pastry Professional</i></a>. John Wiley and Sons. pp. 228–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-470-00955-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-470-00955-0"><bdi>978-0-470-00955-0</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pastry+Chef%27s+Companion%3A+A+Comprehensive+Resource+Guide+for+the+Baking+and+Pastry+Professional&rft.pages=228-&rft.pub=John+Wiley+and+Sons&rft.date=2008-02-14&rft.isbn=978-0-470-00955-0&rft.au=Glenn+Rinsky&rft.au=Laura+Halpin+Rinsky&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDOA9n0XjlCgC%26pg%3DPA228&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProfiterole" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnrtl.fr/etymologie/profiterole">"PROFITEROLE : Etymologie de PROFITEROLE"</a>. <i>www.cnrtl.fr</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-10-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cnrtl.fr&rft.atitle=PROFITEROLE+%3A+Etymologie+de+PROFITEROLE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnrtl.fr%2Fetymologie%2Fprofiterole&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProfiterole" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFsiècle1995" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">siècle, Société française d'étude du XVIIIe (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Sso_PU3u-KcC&dq=profiterole+artichauts+perdrix&pg=PA163"><i>Les liaisons savoureuses: réflexions et pratiques culinaires au XVIIIe siècle</i></a> (in French). Université de Saint-Etienne. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-86272-070-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-86272-070-8"><bdi>978-2-86272-070-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Les+liaisons+savoureuses%3A+r%C3%A9flexions+et+pratiques+culinaires+au+XVIIIe+si%C3%A8cle&rft.pub=Universit%C3%A9+de+Saint-Etienne&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-2-86272-070-8&rft.aulast=si%C3%A8cle&rft.aufirst=Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9+fran%C3%A7aise+d%27%C3%A9tude+du+XVIIIe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSso_PU3u-KcC%26dq%3Dprofiterole%2Bartichauts%2Bperdrix%26pg%3DPA163&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProfiterole" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EdU6AAAAcAAJ&dq=profiterole+artichauts+perdrix&pg=RA2-PA148"><i>Dictionnaire portatif de cuisine, d'office et de distillation</i></a> (in French). 1770.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionnaire+portatif+de+cuisine%2C+d%27office+et+de+distillation&rft.date=1770&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEdU6AAAAcAAJ%26dq%3Dprofiterole%2Bartichauts%2Bperdrix%26pg%3DRA2-PA148&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProfiterole" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMassialot1705" class="citation book cs1">Massialot, François (1660?-1733) Auteur du texte (1705). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k108571q"><i>Le cuisinier roïal et bourgeois ; qui apprend a ordonner toute sorte de repas en gras & en maigre, & la meilleure maniere des ragoûts les plus delicats & les plus à la mode. Ouvrage tres-utile dans les familles, &, singulierement necessaire à tous maîtres d'hôtels, & ecüiers de cuisine. Nouvelle edition, revûe, corrigée & beaucoup augmentée avec des figures</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+cuisinier+ro%C3%AFal+et+bourgeois+%3B+qui+apprend+a+ordonner+toute+sorte+de+repas+en+gras+%26+en+maigre%2C+%26+la+meilleure+maniere+des+rago%C3%BBts+les+plus+delicats+%26+les+plus+%C3%A0+la+mode.+Ouvrage+tres-utile+dans+les+familles%2C+%26%2C+singulierement+necessaire+%C3%A0+tous+ma%C3%AEtres+d%27h%C3%B4tels%2C+%26+ec%C3%BCiers+de+cuisine.+Nouvelle+edition%2C+rev%C3%BBe%2C+corrig%C3%A9e+%26+beaucoup+augment%C3%A9e+avec+des+figures&rft.date=1705&rft.aulast=Massialot&rft.aufirst=Fran%C3%A7ois+%281660%3F-1733%29+Auteur+du+texte&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgallica.bnf.fr%2Fark%3A%2F12148%2Fbpt6k108571q&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProfiterole" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMenon1739" class="citation book cs1">Menon, Joseph (1700?-1771) Auteur du texte (1739). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k1511760n"><i>Nouveau traité de la cuisine, avec de nouveaux desseins de tables et vingt-quatre menus. Tome 2 / ... Tome premier. [-second.]</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nouveau+trait%C3%A9+de+la+cuisine%2C+avec+de+nouveaux+desseins+de+tables+et+vingt-quatre+menus.+Tome+2+%2F+...+Tome+premier.+%5B-second.%5D&rft.date=1739&rft.aulast=Menon&rft.aufirst=Joseph+%281700%3F-1771%29+Auteur+du+texte&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgallica.bnf.fr%2Fark%3A%2F12148%2Fbpt6k1511760n&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProfiterole" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarin1739" class="citation book cs1">Marin, François (17-17 ; maître d'hôtel) Auteur du texte (1739). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k1512114n"><i>Les dons de Comus , ou Les délices de la table. Ouvrage non-seulement utile aux officiers de bouche pour ce qui concerne leur art, mais principalement à l'usage des personnes qui sont curieuses de sc̜avoir donner à manger, & d'être servies délicatement, tant en gras qu'en maigre, snivant [sic] les saisons, & dans le goût le plus nouveau</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Les+dons+de+Comus+%2C+ou+Les+d%C3%A9lices+de+la+table.+Ouvrage+non-seulement+utile+aux+officiers+de+bouche+pour+ce+qui+concerne+leur+art%2C+mais+principalement+%C3%A0+l%27usage+des+personnes+qui+sont+curieuses+de+sc%CC%9Cavoir+donner+%C3%A0+manger%2C+%26+d%27%C3%AAtre+servies+d%C3%A9licatement%2C+tant+en+gras+qu%27en+maigre%2C+snivant+%5Bsic%5D+les+saisons%2C+%26+dans+le+go%C3%BBt+le+plus+nouveau&rft.date=1739&rft.aulast=Marin&rft.aufirst=Fran%C3%A7ois+%2817-17+%3B+ma%C3%AEtre+d%27h%C3%B4tel%29+Auteur+du+texte&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgallica.bnf.fr%2Fark%3A%2F12148%2Fbpt6k1512114n&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProfiterole" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGouffé1867" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Gouffé, Jules (1867). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wTRKAAAAYAAJ&dq=jules+gouffe+le+livre+de+cuisine+profiterole&pg=PA753"><i>Le livre de cuisine: comprenant la cuisine de ménage et la grande cuisine</i></a> (in French). Hachette.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+livre+de+cuisine%3A+comprenant+la+cuisine+de+m%C3%A9nage+et+la+grande+cuisine&rft.pub=Hachette&rft.date=1867&rft.aulast=Gouff%C3%A9&rft.aufirst=Jules&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwTRKAAAAYAAJ%26dq%3Djules%2Bgouffe%2Ble%2Blivre%2Bde%2Bcuisine%2Bprofiterole%26pg%3DPA753&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProfiterole" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarlin1887" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Garlin, Gustave (1887). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FPRpQwAACAAJ"><i>Le Cuisinier moderne, ou les Secrets de l'art culinaire: menus, haute cuisine, pâtisserie, glaces, office, etc., suivi d'un dictionnaire complet des termes techniques, par Gustave Garlin ...</i></a> (in French). Garnier frères.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+Cuisinier+moderne%2C+ou+les+Secrets+de+l%27art+culinaire%3A+menus%2C+haute+cuisine%2C+p%C3%A2tisserie%2C+glaces%2C+office%2C+etc.%2C+suivi+d%27un+dictionnaire+complet+des+termes+techniques%2C+par+Gustave+Garlin+...&rft.pub=Garnier+fr%C3%A8res&rft.date=1887&rft.aulast=Garlin&rft.aufirst=Gustave&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFPRpQwAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProfiterole" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Larouse_gastronomique-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Larouse_gastronomique_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Larouse_gastronomique_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMontagnéLang1988" class="citation book cs1">Montagné, Prosper; Lang, Jenifer Harvey (1988). <i>Larousse gastronomique: the new American edition of the world's greatest culinary encyclopedia</i>. New York: Crown Publishers. pp. 777–778. <q>Choux pastry is said to have been invented in 1540 by Popelini, Catherine de' Medici's chef</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Larousse+gastronomique%3A+the+new+American+edition+of+the+world%27s+greatest+culinary+encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=777-778&rft.pub=Crown+Publishers&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Montagn%C3%A9&rft.aufirst=Prosper&rft.au=Lang%2C+Jenifer+Harvey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProfiterole" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bienassis, Loïc; Campanini, Antonella (6 December 2022), Brioist, Pascal; Quellier, Florent (eds.), "La reine à la fourchette et autres histoires. Ce que la table française emprunta à l'Italie : analyse critique d'un mythe", La table de la Renaissance : Le mythe italien, Tables des hommes (in French), Tours: Presses universitaires François-Rabelais, pp. 29–88, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-86906-842-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-86906-842-1">978-2-86906-842-1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.openedition.org/pufr/32517">full text</a> retrieved 5 October 2023.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gastronomiac.com/chefs-cuisiniers/avice-jean/">"Jean Avice"</a>. <i>Gastronomiac</i> (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-10-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gastronomiac&rft.atitle=Jean+Avice&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gastronomiac.com%2Fchefs-cuisiniers%2Favice-jean%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProfiterole" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClaude1998" class="citation book cs1">Claude, Juillet (1998). <i>Classic patisserie: an A-Z handbook</i>. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Classic+patisserie%3A+an+A-Z+handbook&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Butterworth+Heinemann&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=Claude&rft.aufirst=Juillet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProfiterole" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digitalgallery.nypl.org/nypldigital/dgkeysearchdetail.cfm?trg=1&strucID=269316&imageID=476896&total=23&num=0&parent_id=443920&word=&s=&notword=&d=&c=&f=&k=0&sScope=&sLevel=&sLabel=&lword=&lfield=&imgs=20&pos=3&snum=&e=w">"Revere House" restaurant, Boston, menu dated May 18, 1851: "Puddings and Pastry. ... Cream Puffs"</a>. Digitalgallery.nypl.org. Retrieved on 2011-06-15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wistatefair.com/fair/original-cream-puffs/">"Original Cream Puffs"</a>. <i>WIStateFair.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-01-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WIStateFair.com&rft.atitle=Original+Cream+Puffs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwistatefair.com%2Ffair%2Foriginal-cream-puffs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProfiterole" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2018/08/12/637932151/the-cream-puffs-of-wisconsin">"The Cream Puffs Of Wisconsin"</a>. <i>NPR.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-01-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NPR.org&rft.atitle=The+Cream+Puffs+Of+Wisconsin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2018%2F08%2F12%2F637932151%2Fthe-cream-puffs-of-wisconsin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProfiterole" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHitt2022" class="citation web cs1">Hitt, Christine (11 February 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sfgate.com/hawaii/article/Coco-Puffs-are-Hawaii-Liliha-Bakery-secret-16848116.php">"The secret recipe that has helped Hawaii institution Liliha Bakery stay open for 71 years"</a>. <i>SFGate</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SFGate&rft.atitle=The+secret+recipe+that+has+helped+Hawaii+institution+Liliha+Bakery+stay+open+for+71+years&rft.date=2022-02-11&rft.aulast=Hitt&rft.aufirst=Christine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfgate.com%2Fhawaii%2Farticle%2FCoco-Puffs-are-Hawaii-Liliha-Bakery-secret-16848116.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProfiterole" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Profiterole&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/16px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/24px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/32px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook:Cream_Puff" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Cookbook:Cream Puff">Cream Puff</a> at the Wikibooks Cookbook subproject</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Template:Pastries" title="Template:Pastries"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pastries" title="Template talk:Pastries"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pastries" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pastries"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="*_Pastries_**_list" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pastry" title="Pastry">Pastries</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pastries" title="List of pastries">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_flaky_pastry" title="Chinese flaky pastry">Chinese flaky pastry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choux_pastry" title="Choux pastry">Choux pastry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filo" title="Filo">Filo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flaky_pastry" title="Flaky pastry">Flaky pastry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_water_crust_pastry" title="Hot water crust pastry">Hot water crust pastry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_dulce" title="Pan dulce">Pan dulce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puff_pastry" title="Puff pastry">Puff pastry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shortcrust_pastry" title="Shortcrust pastry">Shortcrust pastry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Choux_pastry" title="Choux pastry">Choux pastry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beignet" title="Beignet">Beignet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bossche_bol" title="Bossche bol">Bossche bol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chouquette_(pastry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chouquette (pastry)">Chouquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croquembouche" title="Croquembouche">Croquembouche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89clair" title="Éclair">Éclair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goug%C3%A8re" title="Gougère">Gougère</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karpatka" title="Karpatka">Karpatka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady%27s_navel" title="Lady's navel">Lady's navel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moorkop" title="Moorkop">Moorkop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nun%27s_puffs" title="Nun's puffs">Nun's puffs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris%E2%80%93Brest" title="Paris–Brest">Paris–Brest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pommes_dauphine" title="Pommes dauphine">Pommes dauphine</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Profiterole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religieuse" title="Religieuse">Religieuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Honor%C3%A9_cake" title="St. Honoré cake">St. Honoré cake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Puff_pastry" title="Puff pastry">Puff pastry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beef_Wellington" title="Beef Wellington">Beef Wellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheese_straw" title="Cheese straw">Cheese straw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croline" title="Croline">Croline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croissant" title="Croissant">Croissant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galette_des_rois#France" class="mw-redirect" title="Galette des rois">Galette des rois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jambon" title="Jambon">Jambon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguelitos" title="Miguelitos">Miguelitos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mille-feuille" title="Mille-feuille">Mille-feuille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmier" title="Palmier">Palmier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastel_de_nata" title="Pastel de nata">Pastel de nata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pithivier" title="Pithivier">Pithivier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sausage_roll" title="Sausage roll">Sausage roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steak_and_kidney_pie" title="Steak and kidney pie">Steak and kidney pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strudel" title="Strudel">Strudel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarte_conversation" class="mw-redirect" title="Tarte conversation">Tarte conversation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarte_Tatin" title="Tarte Tatin">Tarte Tatin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torpedo_dessert" title="Torpedo dessert">Torpedo dessert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turnover_(food)" title="Turnover (food)">Turnovers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Poppy seed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chatti_pathiri" title="Chatti pathiri">Chatti pathiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamantash" title="Hamantash">Hamantash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kifli" title="Kifli">Kifli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolach_(cake)" title="Kolach (cake)">Kolach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%AB%C4%8Diukai" title="Kūčiukai">Kūčiukai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91imurska_gibanica" title="Međimurska gibanica">Međimurska gibanica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nunt" title="Nunt">Nunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nut_roll" title="Nut roll">Nut roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poppy_seed_roll" title="Poppy seed roll">Poppy seed roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prekmurska_gibanica" title="Prekmurska gibanica">Prekmurska gibanica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugelach" title="Rugelach">Rugelach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Martin%27s_croissant" title="St. Martin's croissant">St. Martin's croissant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexandertorte" title="Alexandertorte">Alexandertorte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allerheiligenstriezel" title="Allerheiligenstriezel">Allerheiligenstriezel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_strudel" title="Apple strudel">Apple strudel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_pakhlava" class="mw-redirect" title="Azerbaijani pakhlava">Azerbaijani pakhlava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakewell_pudding" title="Bakewell pudding">Bakewell pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banket_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Banket (food)">Banket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava">Baklava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1nh_p%C3%ADa" title="Bánh pía">Bánh pía</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banitsa" title="Banitsa">Banitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bear_claw" title="Bear claw">Bear claw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belokranjska_povitica" title="Belokranjska povitica">Belokranjska povitica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethm%C3%A4nnchen" title="Bethmännchen">Bethmännchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bierock" title="Bierock">Bierock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bizcocho" title="Bizcocho">Bizcocho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boyoz" title="Boyoz">Boyoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Briouat" title="Briouat">Briouat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruttiboni" title="Bruttiboni">Bruttiboni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulemas" title="Bulemas">Bulemas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundevara" title="Bundevara">Bundevara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chorley_cake" title="Chorley cake">Chorley cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coca_(pastry)" title="Coca (pastry)">Coca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coulibiac" title="Coulibiac">Coulibiac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coussin_de_Lyon" title="Coussin de Lyon">Coussin de Lyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cream_horn" title="Cream horn">Cream horn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cremeschnitte" title="Cremeschnitte">Cremeschnitte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croline" title="Croline">Croline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cronut" title="Cronut">Cronut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruller" title="Cruller">Cruller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_pastry" title="Cuban pastry">Cuban pastry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curry_beef_turnover" title="Curry beef turnover">Curry beef turnover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curry_puff" title="Curry puff">Curry puff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dabby-Doughs" title="Dabby-Doughs">Dabby-Doughs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_letter" title="Dutch letter">Dutch letter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eccles_cake" title="Eccles cake">Eccles cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empanada" title="Empanada">Empanada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ensa%C3%AFmada" title="Ensaïmada">Ensaïmada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fa_gao" title="Fa gao">Fa gao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fazuelos" title="Fazuelos">Fazuelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fig_roll" title="Fig roll">Fig roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish-shaped_pastry" class="mw-redirect" title="Fish-shaped pastry">Fish-shaped pastry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fla%C3%B3" title="Flaó">Flaó</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flia" title="Flia">Flia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flies%27_graveyard" title="Flies' graveyard">Flies' graveyard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franzbr%C3%B6tchen" title="Franzbrötchen">Franzbrötchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A2teau_Basque" title="Gâteau Basque">Gâteau Basque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibanica" title="Gibanica">Gibanica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6zleme" title="Gözleme">Gözleme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gundain" title="Gundain">Gundain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustavus_Adolphus_pastry" title="Gustavus Adolphus pastry">Gustavus Adolphus pastry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haddekuche" title="Haddekuche">Haddekuche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_patty" title="Haitian patty">Haitian patty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellimli" title="Hellimli">Hellimli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heong_Peng" title="Heong Peng">Heong Peng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huff_paste" title="Huff paste">Huff paste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hwangnam-ppang" title="Hwangnam-ppang">Hwangnam-ppang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jachnun" title="Jachnun">Jachnun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khachapuri" title="Khachapuri">Khachapuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knafeh" title="Knafeh">Knafeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitchener_bun" title="Kitchener bun">Kitchener bun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klob%C3%A1sn%C3%ADk" title="Klobásník">Klobásník</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kniek%C3%BCchle" title="Knieküchle">Knieküchle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolach_(cake)" title="Kolach (cake)">Kolach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kro%C5%A1tule" class="mw-redirect" title="Kroštule">Kroštule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%BCrt%C5%91skal%C3%A1cs" title="Kürtőskalács">Kürtőskalács</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lattice_(pastry)" title="Lattice (pastry)">Lattice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leipziger_Lerche" title="Leipziger Lerche">Leipziger Lerche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Cheesecake" title="London Cheesecake">London Cheesecake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lukhmi" title="Lukhmi">Lukhmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%27amoul" title="Ma'amoul">Ma'amoul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makroudh" title="Makroudh">Makroudh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malsouka" title="Malsouka">Malsouka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandelkubb" title="Mandelkubb">Mandelkubb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantecada" title="Mantecada">Mantecada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marillenkn%C3%B6del" title="Marillenknödel">Marillenknödel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mekitsa" title="Mekitsa">Mekitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguelitos" title="Miguelitos">Miguelitos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milhojas" title="Milhojas">Milhojas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk-cream_strudel" title="Milk-cream strudel">Milk-cream strudel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mille-feuille" title="Mille-feuille">Mille-feuille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moorkop" title="Moorkop">Moorkop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mouna" title="Mouna">Mouna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleonka" title="Napoleonka">Napoleonka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokul" title="Nokul">Nokul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%96%C3%A7po%C3%A7maq" class="mw-redirect" title="Öçpoçmaq">Öçpoçmaq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pain_%C3%A0_la_grecque" title="Pain à la grecque">Pain à la grecque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_dulce" title="Pan dulce">Pan dulce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastel_(food)" title="Pastel (food)">Pastel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastizz" title="Pastizz">Pastizz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastry_heart" title="Pastry heart">Pastry heart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasty" title="Pasty">Pasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A2t%C3%A9_chaud" title="Pâté chaud">Pâté chaud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peremech" title="Peremech">Peremech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirog" title="Pirog">Pirog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirozhki" title="Pirozhki">Pirozhki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pl%C4%83cint%C4%83" title="Plăcintă">Plăcintă</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop-Tarts" title="Pop-Tarts">Pop-Tarts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prekmurska_gibanica" title="Prekmurska gibanica">Prekmurska gibanica</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Profiterole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punsch-roll" title="Punsch-roll">Punsch-roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punschkrapfen" title="Punschkrapfen">Punschkrapfen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quesito" title="Quesito">Quesito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remonce" title="Remonce">Remonce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roti_tissue" title="Roti tissue">Roti tissue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roze_koek" title="Roze koek">Roze koek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runeberg_torte" title="Runeberg torte">Runeberg torte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runza" title="Runza">Runza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sad_cake" class="mw-redirect" title="Sad cake">Sad cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schaumrolle" title="Schaumrolle">Schaumrolle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schnecken" title="Schnecken">Schnecken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schneeball_(pastry)" title="Schneeball (pastry)">Schneeball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schuxen" title="Schuxen">Schuxen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9E%C3%B6biyet" title="Şöbiyet">Şöbiyet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sou_(pastry)" title="Sou (pastry)">Sou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spritzkuchen" class="mw-redirect" title="Spritzkuchen">Spritzkuchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streusel" title="Streusel">Streusel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strudel" title="Strudel">Strudel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stutenkerl" title="Stutenkerl">Stutenkerl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweetheart_cake" title="Sweetheart cake">Sweetheart cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahini_roll" class="mw-redirect" title="Tahini roll">Tahini roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toast%27em_Pop_Ups" title="Toast'em Pop Ups">Toast'em Pop Ups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toaster_pastry" title="Toaster pastry">Toaster pastry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toaster_Strudel" title="Toaster Strudel">Toaster Strudel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tompouce" title="Tompouce">Tompouce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torpedo_dessert" title="Torpedo dessert">Torpedo dessert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tortell" class="mw-redirect" title="Tortell">Tortell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tortita_negra" title="Tortita negra">Tortita negra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tu_(cake)" title="Tu (cake)">Tu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turnover_(food)" title="Turnover (food)">Turnover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U%C5%A1tipci" title="Uštipci">Uštipci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatrushka" title="Vatrushka">Vatrushka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veka_(pastry)" title="Veka (pastry)">Veka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vetkoek" title="Vetkoek">Vetkoek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yurla_(dish)" title="Yurla (dish)">Yurla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeeuwse_bolus" title="Zeeuwse bolus">Zeeuwse bolus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDemlovka" title="Žemlovka">Žemlovka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chinese</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chasan_(pastry)" title="Chasan (pastry)">Chasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiucai_hezi" title="Jiucai hezi">Jiucai hezi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masan_(pastry)" title="Masan (pastry)">Masan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachima" title="Sachima">Sachima</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Filipino</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biscocho" title="Biscocho">Biscocho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buko_pie" title="Buko pie">Buko pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caycay" title="Caycay">Caycay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daral_(food)" title="Daral (food)">Daral (food)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinamita" title="Dinamita">Dinamita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_pie" title="Egg pie">Egg pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empanada#Philippines" title="Empanada">Empanada</a> (Pastil)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ensa%C3%AFmada" title="Ensaïmada">Ensaïmada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakpia" title="Bakpia">Hopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumpia" title="Lumpia">Lumpia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mille-feuille" title="Mille-feuille">Napoleones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngohiong" title="Ngohiong">Ngohiong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohaldre" title="Ohaldre">Ohaldre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otap_(food)" title="Otap (food)">Otap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piaya_(food)" title="Piaya (food)">Piaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilipit" title="Pilipit">Pilipit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakoy" title="Shakoy">Shakoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turon_(food)" title="Turon (food)">Turon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">French</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angel_wings" title="Angel wings">Angel wings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beignet" title="Beignet">Beignet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bichon_au_citron" title="Bichon au citron">Bichon au citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biscuit_rose_de_Reims" title="Biscuit rose de Reims">Biscuit rose de Reims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broy%C3%A9_poitevin" title="Broyé poitevin">Broyé poitevin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canel%C3%A9" title="Canelé">Canelé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chouquette" title="Chouquette">Chouquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choux_pastry" title="Choux pastry">Choux pastry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conversation_tart" title="Conversation tart">Conversation tart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croissant" title="Croissant">Croissant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croquembouche" title="Croquembouche">Croquembouche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croustade" title="Croustade">Croustade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89clair" title="Éclair">Éclair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financier_(cake)" title="Financier (cake)">Financier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goug%C3%A8re" title="Gougère">Gougère</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9suite" title="Jésuite">Jésuite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladyfinger_(biscuit)" title="Ladyfinger (biscuit)">Ladyfinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macaron" title="Macaron">Macaron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeleine_(cake)" title="Madeleine (cake)">Madeleine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nun%27s_puffs" title="Nun's puffs">Nun's puffs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pain_au_chocolat" title="Pain au chocolat">Pain au chocolat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pain_aux_raisins" title="Pain aux raisins">Pain aux raisins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmier" title="Palmier">Palmier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris%E2%80%93Brest" title="Paris–Brest">Paris–Brest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puits_d%27amour" title="Puits d'amour">Puits d'amour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religieuse" title="Religieuse">Religieuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Honor%C3%A9_cake" title="St. Honoré cake">St. Honoré cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuile" title="Tuile">Tuile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viennoiserie" title="Viennoiserie">Viennoiserie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vol-au-vent" title="Vol-au-vent">Vol-au-vent</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Greek</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amygdalopita" title="Amygdalopita">Amygdalopita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bougatsa" title="Bougatsa">Bougatsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanouropita" title="Fanouropita">Fanouropita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filo" title="Filo">Filo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaktoboureko" title="Galaktoboureko">Galaktoboureko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karydopita" title="Karydopita">Karydopita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koulourakia" title="Koulourakia">Koulourakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moustalevria" title="Moustalevria">Moustalevria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastafrola" title="Pastafrola">Pastafrola</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indonesian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahulu" title="Bahulu">Bahulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakpia" title="Bakpia">Bakpia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bakpia_pathok" title="Bakpia pathok">Bakpia pathok</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curry_puff" title="Curry puff">Curry puff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kue_makmur" title="Kue makmur">Makmur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_pie" title="Milk pie">Milk pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pie_tee" title="Pie tee">Pie tee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roti_john" title="Roti john">Roti john</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roti_tissue" title="Roti tissue">Roti tissue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Iranian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gosh-e_fil" title="Gosh-e fil">Gosh-e fil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolompeh" title="Kolompeh">Kolompeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koloocheh" title="Koloocheh">Koloocheh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komaj_sehen" title="Komaj sehen">Komaj sehen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qottab" title="Qottab">Qottab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sohan_asali" title="Sohan asali">Sohan asali</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Italian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baicoli" title="Baicoli">Baicoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biscotti" title="Biscotti">Biscotti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biscotti_di_San_Martino" title="Biscotti di San Martino">Biscotti di San Martino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biscotti_regina" title="Biscotti regina">Biscotti regina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bocconotto" title="Bocconotto">Bocconotto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombolone" title="Bombolone">Bombolone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannoli" title="Cannoli">Cannoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciarduna" title="Ciarduna">Ciarduna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornetto_(pastry)" title="Cornetto (pastry)">Cornetto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crocetta_di_Caltanissetta" title="Crocetta di Caltanissetta">Crocetta di Caltanissetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frittella_(doughnut)" title="Frittella (doughnut)">Frittole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladyfinger_(biscuit)" title="Ladyfinger (biscuit)">Ladyfinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossa_di_morto" title="Ossa di morto">Ossa di morto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandoro" title="Pandoro">Pandoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasticciotto" title="Pasticciotto">Pasticciotto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pevarini" title="Pevarini">Pevarini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pignolata" title="Pignolata">Pignolata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pignolo_(cookie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pignolo (cookie)">Pignolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pizzelle" title="Pizzelle">Pizzelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raviola_di_ricotta_nissena" class="mw-redirect" title="Raviola di ricotta nissena">Raviola di ricotta nissena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roll%C3%B2" title="Rollò">Rollò</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sfogliatella" title="Sfogliatella">Sfogliatella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spina_Santa" class="mw-redirect" title="Spina Santa">Spina Santa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Struffoli" title="Struffoli">Struffoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torta_caprese" title="Torta caprese">Torta caprese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeppola" class="mw-redirect" title="Zeppola">Zeppola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zippula" title="Zippula">Zippula</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Romanian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cornule%C8%9Be" title="Cornulețe">Cornulețe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gogo%C8%99i" title="Gogoși">Gogoși</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papana%C8%99i" title="Papanași">Papanași</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pl%C4%83cint%C4%83" title="Plăcintă">Plăcintă</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sfin%C8%9Bi%C8%99ori" title="Sfințișori">Sfințișori</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scandinavian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Butterkaka" title="Butterkaka">Butterkaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_pastry" title="Danish pastry">Danish pastry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joulutorttu" title="Joulutorttu">Joulutorttu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klen%C3%A4t" title="Klenät">Klenät</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kringle" title="Kringle">Kringle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosette_(cookie)" title="Rosette (cookie)">Rosettes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semla" title="Semla">Semla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Swiss</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birnbrot" title="Birnbrot">Birnbrot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_cake" title="Blue cake">Blue cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCndner_Nusstorte" title="Bündner Nusstorte">Bündner Nusstorte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carac_(pastry)" title="Carac (pastry)">Carac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cholera_(food)" title="Cholera (food)">Cholera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schenkele" title="Schenkele">Schenkele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanisch_Br%C3%B6tli" title="Spanisch Brötli">Spanisch Brötli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Taiwanese</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Egg_yolk_pastry" title="Egg yolk pastry">Egg yolk pastry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lek-tau-phong" class="mw-redirect" title="Lek-tau-phong">Lek-tau-phong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pineapple_cake" title="Pineapple cake">Pineapple cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naiyou_subing" title="Naiyou subing">Naiyou subing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suncake_(Taiwan)" title="Suncake (Taiwan)">Suncake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taro_pastry" title="Taro pastry">Taro pastry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Turkish</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BClb%C3%BCl_yuvas%C4%B1" title="Bülbül yuvası">Bülbül yuvası</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BClla%C3%A7" title="Güllaç">Güllaç</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalburabast%C4%B1" title="Kalburabastı">Kalburabastı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady%27s_navel" title="Lady's navel">Lady's navel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qurabiya" title="Qurabiya">Qurabiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saray_helva" title="Saray helva">Saray helva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eekerpare" title="Şekerpare">Şekerpare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCtl%C3%BC_Nuriye" title="Sütlü Nuriye">Sütlü Nuriye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torpedo_dessert" title="Torpedo dessert">Torpedo dessert</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related <br />topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Confectionery" title="Confectionery">Confectionery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crust_(baking)" title="Crust (baking)">Crust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Custard" title="Custard">Custard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doughnut" title="Doughnut">Doughnut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konditorei" title="Konditorei">Konditorei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuo_Yuan_Ye_Museum_of_Cake_and_Pastry" title="Kuo Yuan Ye Museum of Cake and Pastry">Kuo Yuan Ye Museum of Cake and Pastry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cakes" title="List of cakes">List of cakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_choux_pastry_dishes" title="List of choux pastry dishes">List of choux pastry dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_desserts" title="List of desserts">List of desserts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fried_dough_foods" title="List of fried dough foods">List of fried dough foods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pies,_tarts_and_flans" title="List of pies, tarts and flans">List of pies, tarts and flans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_poppy_seed_pastries_and_dishes" title="List of poppy seed pastries and dishes">List of poppy seed pastries and dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastry_bag" title="Pastry bag">Pastry bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastry_blender" title="Pastry blender">Pastry blender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastry_brush" title="Pastry brush">Pastry brush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastry_chef" title="Pastry chef">Pastry chef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastry_fork" title="Pastry fork">Pastry fork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A2tisserie" title="Pâtisserie">Pâtisserie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Pastry_Cup" title="World Pastry Cup">World Pastry Cup</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/16px-Foodlogo2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/24px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/32px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="146" data-file-height="106" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Food" title="Portal:Food">Food portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" 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