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href="#Additional_usage_as_a_suffix"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Additional usage as a suffix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Additional_usage_as_a_suffix-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Compound_series_of_works_of_art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Compound_series_of_works_of_art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Compound series of works of art</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Compound_series_of_works_of_art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" 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Available in 18 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="لوجيا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لوجيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sufixo_-loch%C3%ADa" title="Sufixo -lochía – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Sufixo -lochía" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuturikira_Chivakamberi_logy" title="Kuturikira Chivakamberi logy – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Kuturikira Chivakamberi logy" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/-logie" title="-logie – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="-logie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/-%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="-λογία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="-λογία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/-log%C3%ADa" title="-logía – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="-logía" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/-%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="-شناسی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="-شناسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%99_(%EC%A0%91%EC%82%AC)" title="학 (접사) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="학 (접사)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/-logi" title="-logi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="-logi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/...%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="...ლოგია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="...ლოგია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/-%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="-логия – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="-логия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/...%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="...логия – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="...логия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/-logi" title="-logi – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="-logi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/-logy" title="-logy – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="-logy" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/-%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="-ناسی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="-ناسی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/-%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="-логия – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="-логия" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/-loji" title="-loji – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="-loji" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%81%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85" title="فہرست علوم – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فہرست علوم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q158653#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">English language suffix</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Logy", "Ology", and "Ologies" redirect here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Logy_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Logy (disambiguation)">Logy (disambiguation)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ology_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Ology (disambiguation)">Ology (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><p><i><b>-logy</b></i> is a <a href="/wiki/Suffix" title="Suffix">suffix</a> in the English language, used with words originally adapted from <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a> ending in <span lang="grc"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/-%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1#Ancient_Greek" class="extiw" title="wikt:-λογία">-λογία</a></span> (<i><span title="Ancient Greek transliteration" lang="grc-Latn"><i>-logía</i></span></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The earliest English examples were anglicizations of the French <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/-logie" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:-logie">-logie</a></i>, which was in turn inherited from the <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a> <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/-logia" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:-logia">-logia</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The suffix became productive in English from the 18th century, allowing the formation of new terms with no Latin or Greek precedent. </p><p>The English suffix has two separate main senses, reflecting two sources of the <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">-λογία</span></span> suffix in Greek:<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>a combining form used in the names of school or bodies of knowledge, e.g., <i><a href="/wiki/Theology" title="Theology">theology</a></i> (loaned from Latin in the <a href="/wiki/14th-century_English" class="mw-redirect" title="14th-century English">14th century</a>) or <i><a href="/wiki/Sociology" title="Sociology">sociology</a></i>. In words of the type <i><a href="/wiki/Theology" title="Theology">theology</a></i>, the suffix is derived originally from <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">-λογ-</span></span> (<i>-log-</i>) (a variant of <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">-λεγ-</span></span>, <i>-leg-</i>), from the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Greek</a> verb <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">λέγειν</span></span> (<i>legein</i>, 'to speak').<sup id="cite_ref-English_Etymology_1986_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-English_Etymology_1986-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The suffix has the sense of "the character or deportment of one who speaks or treats of [a certain subject]", or more succinctly, "the study of [a certain subject]".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (The Ancient Greek noun <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">λόγος</span></span> <i><span title="ISO 843 Greek (Ancient Greek (to 1453) language) transliteration"><i lang="grc-Latn">lógos</i></span></i> mentioned below can also be translated, among other things, as "subject matter".<sup id="cite_ref-LSJ_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LSJ-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</li> <li>the root word nouns that refer to kinds of speech, writing or collections of writing, e.g., <i><a href="/wiki/Eulogy" title="Eulogy">eulogy</a></i> or <i><a href="/wiki/Trilogy" title="Trilogy">trilogy</a></i>. In words of this type, the "-logy" element is derived from the Greek noun <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">λόγος</span></span> (<i><a href="/wiki/Logos" title="Logos">logos</a></i>, 'speech', 'account', 'story').<sup id="cite_ref-English_Etymology_1986_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-English_Etymology_1986-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The suffix has the sense of "[a certain kind of] speaking or writing".<sup id="cite_ref-The_Oxford_English_Dictionary_1989_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Oxford_English_Dictionary_1989-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Philology" title="Philology">Philology</a> is an exception: while its meaning is closer to the first sense, the etymology of the word is similar to the second sense.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="-logy_versus_-ology">-logy versus -ology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-logy&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: -logy versus -ology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In English names for fields of study, the suffix <i>-logy</i> is most frequently found preceded by the euphonic connective vowel <i>o</i> so that the word ends in <i>-ology</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In these Greek words, the <a href="/wiki/Root_(linguistics)" title="Root (linguistics)">root</a> is always a noun and <i>-o-</i> is the <a href="/wiki/Thematic_vowel" title="Thematic vowel">combining vowel</a> for all declensions of Greek nouns. However, when new names for fields of study are coined in modern English, the formations ending in <i>-logy</i> almost always add an <i>-o-</i>, except when the root word ends in an "l" or a vowel, as in these exceptions:<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Analogy" title="Analogy">analogy</a></i>, <i>dekalogy</i>, <i>disanalogy</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Genealogy" title="Genealogy">genealogy</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Genethlialogy" class="mw-redirect" title="Genethlialogy">genethlialogy</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Hexalogy" title="Hexalogy">hexalogy</a></i>; <i>herbalogy</i> (a variant of <i><a href="/wiki/Herbology" class="mw-redirect" title="Herbology">herbology</a></i>), <i><a href="/wiki/Mammalogy" title="Mammalogy">mammalogy</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Mineralogy" title="Mineralogy">mineralogy</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Paralogy" class="mw-redirect" title="Paralogy">paralogy</a></i>, <i>petralogy</i> (a variant of <i><a href="/wiki/Petrology" title="Petrology">petrology</a></i>); <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/elogy" class="extiw" title="wikt:elogy">elogy</a></i>; <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/heptalogy" class="extiw" title="wikt:heptalogy">heptalogy</a>; <i><a href="/wiki/Antilogy" class="mw-redirect" title="Antilogy">antilogy</a></i>, <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/festilogy" class="extiw" title="wikt:festilogy">festilogy</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Trilogy" title="Trilogy">trilogy</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Tetralogy" title="Tetralogy">tetralogy</a></i>, <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pentalogy" class="extiw" title="wikt:pentalogy">pentalogy</a></i>; <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/palillogy" class="extiw" title="wikt:palillogy">palillogy</a></i>, <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pyroballogy" class="extiw" title="wikt:pyroballogy">pyroballogy</a></i>; <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dyslogy" class="extiw" title="wikt:dyslogy">dyslogy</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Eulogy" title="Eulogy">eulogy</a></i>; and <i><a href="/wiki/Brachylogy" class="mw-redirect" title="Brachylogy">brachylogy</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Oxford_English_Dictionary_1989_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Oxford_English_Dictionary_1989-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Linguists sometimes jokingly refer to <a href="/wiki/Haplology" title="Haplology">haplology</a> as <i>haplogy</i> (subjecting the word <i>haplology</i> to the process of haplology itself). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Additional_usage_as_a_suffix">Additional usage as a suffix</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-logy&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Additional usage as a suffix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Per <a href="/wiki/Metonymy" title="Metonymy">metonymy</a>, words ending in <i>-logy</i> are sometimes used to describe a subject rather than the study of it (e.g., <i><a href="/wiki/Technology" title="Technology">technology</a></i>). This usage is particularly widespread in medicine; for example, <i><a href="/wiki/Pathology" title="Pathology">pathology</a></i> is often used simply to refer to "the disease" itself (e.g., "We haven't found the pathology yet") rather than "the study of a disease". </p><p>Books, journals, and treatises about a subject also often bear the name of this subject (e.g., the scientific journal <i><a href="/wiki/Ecology_(journal)" title="Ecology (journal)">Ecology</a></i>). </p><p>When appended to other English words, the suffix can also be used humorously to create <a href="/wiki/Nonce_word" title="Nonce word">nonce words</a> (e.g., <i><a href="/wiki/Beer" title="Beer">beerology</a></i> as "the study of beer"). As with other <a href="/wiki/Classical_compound" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical compound">classical compounds</a>, adding the suffix to an initial word-stem derived from Greek or <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a> may be used to lend grandeur or the impression of scientific rigor to humble pursuits, as in <i>cosmetology</i> ("the study of beauty treatment") or <i>cynology</i> ("the study of dog training"). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Compound_series_of_works_of_art">Compound series of works of art</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-logy&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Compound series of works of art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The -logy or -ology suffix is commonly used to indicate finite series of art works like books or movies. For paintings, the "tych" suffix is more common (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Diptych" title="Diptych">diptych</a>, <a href="/wiki/Triptych" title="Triptych">triptych</a>). Examples include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trilogy" title="Trilogy">Trilogy</a> for three works</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetralogy" title="Tetralogy">Tetralogy</a> for four works</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentalogy" title="Pentalogy">Pentalogy</a> for five works</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hexalogy" title="Hexalogy">Hexalogy</a> for six works</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heptalogy" title="Heptalogy">Heptalogy</a> for seven works</li></ul> <p>Further terms like duology (two, mostly in <a href="/wiki/Genre_fiction" title="Genre fiction">genre fiction</a>) quadrilogy (four) and octalogy (eight) have been coined but are rarely used: for a series of 10, sometimes "decalog" is used (e.g. in the <a href="/wiki/Virgin_Decalog" title="Virgin Decalog">Virgin Decalog</a>) instead of "decalogy". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-logy&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_words_ending_in_ology" class="mw-redirect" title="List of words ending in ology">List of words ending in ology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_compound" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical compound">Classical compound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffixes" class="mw-redirect" title="Suffixes">Suffixes</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-logy&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">List of ancient Greek words ending in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/resolveform?type=end&lookup=logia&lang=greek">-λογία</a> on <a href="/wiki/Perseus_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Perseus Project">Perseus</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/-logy">"-logy." <i>The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language</i>, Fourth Edition. Houghton Mifflin Company, 2004. retrieved 20 Aug. 2008.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/-logy">"-logy." Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.1). Random House, Inc. retrieved 20 Aug. 2008.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-English_Etymology_1986-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-English_Etymology_1986_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-English_Etymology_1986_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"-logy." <i>The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology</i>. Oxford University Press, 1986. retrieved 20 August 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=-logy&searchmode=none">"-logy." <i>Online Etymology Dictionary</i>. retrieved 20 Aug. 2008</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LSJ-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LSJ_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLiddellScott" class="citation web cs1">Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=lo/gos">"A Greek–English Lexicon"</a>. <i>Perseus Project</i>. Tufts University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Perseus+Project&rft.atitle=A+Greek%E2%80%93English+Lexicon&rft.aulast=Liddell&rft.aufirst=Henry+George&rft.au=Scott%2C+Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3DPerseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dlo%2Fgos&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A-logy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Oxford_English_Dictionary_1989-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_Oxford_English_Dictionary_1989_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Oxford_English_Dictionary_1989_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"-logy." <i>The Oxford English Dictionary</i>, Second Edition. Oxford University Press, 1989. retrieved 20 August 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=philology">"Philology." <i>Online Etymology Dictionary</i>. retrieved 14 Jul. 2011</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eric Partridge, <i>Origins</i>, 2nd edition, New York, Macmillan, 1959</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://words-ending-in-ogy.wordover.com/e/">Words Ending In ogy : Words Ending With ogy</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=-logy&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/-logy" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:-logy">-logy</a></b></i> or <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/logy" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:logy">logy</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091022210752/http://geocities.com/tvtranscripts/comm/comphone.htm">The famous British "ology" advertisement</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110517000312/http://users.tinyonline.co.uk/gswithenbank/ologies.htm">Ologies</a> (a long list of fields of study, and a paragraph of exceptions at the bottom of the page)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.affixes.org/l/-logy.html">Affixes: -logy</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ologywords.blogspot.in/">Ology Words</a> It provides list of A–Z English words ending with the suffix -ology and their field of study</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.faqs.org/ologies-isms/">Ologies and Isms</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fisicx.com/quickreference/science/ologies.html">Ologies and Graphys</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Ologies" class="extiw" title="wikiversity:Ologies">Ologies – Wikiversity</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=-logy&oldid=1241664782">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=-logy&oldid=1241664782</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Suffixes_of_Greek_origin" title="Category:Suffixes of Greek origin">Suffixes of Greek origin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_suffixes" title="Category:English suffixes">English suffixes</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" 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