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href="#Phubbing_and_Technology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Phubbing and Technology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Phubbing_and_Technology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parental_phubbing_and_its_effects_on_children" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parental_phubbing_and_its_effects_on_children"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Parental phubbing and its effects on children</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parental_phubbing_and_its_effects_on_children-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Research_on_Phubbing_and_Its_Relational_Effects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Research_on_Phubbing_and_Its_Relational_Effects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Research on Phubbing and Its Relational Effects</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Research_on_Phubbing_and_Its_Relational_Effects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Boss_Phubbing_and_Workplace_Dynamics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Boss_Phubbing_and_Workplace_Dynamics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Boss Phubbing and Workplace Dynamics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Boss_Phubbing_and_Workplace_Dynamics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled 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href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phubbing" title="Phubbing – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Phubbing" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phubbing" title="Phubbing – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Phubbing" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phubbing" title="Phubbing – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Phubbing" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningufoneo" title="Ningufoneo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ningufoneo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF" title="فابینگ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فابینگ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phubbing" title="Phubbing – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Phubbing" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A3" title="Ֆաբինգ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" 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free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Snubbing a person for a mobile phone</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Text_hug_(16232940323).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Text_hug_%2816232940323%29.jpg/220px-Text_hug_%2816232940323%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Text_hug_%2816232940323%29.jpg/330px-Text_hug_%2816232940323%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Text_hug_%2816232940323%29.jpg/440px-Text_hug_%2816232940323%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="681" /></a><figcaption>Detail of <a href="/wiki/Paul_Day_(sculptor)" title="Paul Day (sculptor)">Paul Day</a>'s 2007 sculpture <i><a href="/wiki/The_Meeting_Place_(sculpture)" title="The Meeting Place (sculpture)">The Meeting Place</a></i>, showing a woman looking at her mobile phone while in an embrace</figcaption></figure><p><b>Phubbing</b> refers to the act of ignoring one’s immediate social interactions in favor of engaging with a smartphone, making it a prevalent behavior in today's digital age. While it is frequently associated with the concept of fear of missing out (<a href="/wiki/Fear_of_missing_out" title="Fear of missing out">FOMO</a>), the current body of research presents conflicting evidence regarding the strength and consistency of this relationship<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. In May 2012, as part of a linguistic experiment by <i><a href="/wiki/Macquarie_Dictionary" title="Macquarie Dictionary">Macquarie Dictionary</a></i>, the advertising agency behind the campaign, <a href="/wiki/McCann_(company)" title="McCann (company)">McCann</a>, had invited a number of lexicographers, authors, and poets to coin a <a href="/wiki/Neologism" title="Neologism">neologism</a> to describe the behavior. The word "phubbing," a <a href="/wiki/Portmanteau" class="mw-redirect" title="Portmanteau">portmanteau</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/Phone" class="mw-redirect" title="Phone">phone</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Snubbing" title="Snubbing">snubbing</a></i>, was first described by McCann Group Account Director Adrian Mills, who was working with <a href="/wiki/David_Astle" title="David Astle">David Astle</a>. The term has appeared in media around the world and was popularized by the Stop Phubbing campaign created by McCann. </p><p>Despite its growing relevance, no standardized method exists to measure phubbing behaviors or their effects. Existing tools have been developed with limited attention to psychometric properties or broad applicability, creating challenges for advancing research in this area.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To address these gaps, recent studies aim to create validated scales that capture the complex dimensions of phubbing, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of its impact on social interactions and individual well-being. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="How_phubbing_manifests">How phubbing manifests</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phubbing&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: How phubbing manifests"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Phubbing typically manifests in various social contexts where individuals prioritize their smartphones over face-to-face interactions, leading to a breakdown in meaningful communication. It has become increasingly common to observe groups of friends engrossed in their devices, couples at restaurants ignoring one another while staring at their screens, or families spending time together yet disconnected by their preoccupation with smartphones. This behavior is not confined to personal settings; it extends to workplaces, where professionals often divert their attention from colleagues to their devices. Over time, phubbing has evolved into a socially accepted norm, undermining the quality of interpersonal relationships and healthy communication.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Furthermore, the habitual nature of phubbing reinforces its cyclical impact: as individuals use their phones to escape stress or loneliness, they inadvertently weaken their relationships, leading to greater isolation and reliance on their devices. This pattern not only exacerbates psychological challenges such as <a href="/wiki/Anxiety" title="Anxiety">anxiety</a> and <a href="/wiki/Depression_(mood)" title="Depression (mood)">depression</a> but also raises broader concerns about how technology shapes social norms and values. Addressing these issues requires a deeper understanding of the motivations behind phubbing and its effects on mental health and social connections. Efforts to mitigate phubbing's impact must balance the benefits of technology with the need for meaningful, face-to-face interactions to preserve the integrity of human relationships.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Phubbing_and_Technology">Phubbing and Technology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phubbing&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Phubbing and Technology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The pervasive design of app <a href="/wiki/Notification_service" title="Notification service">notifications</a>, <a href="/wiki/Algorithm" title="Algorithm">algorithms</a>, and <a href="/wiki/User_interface" title="User interface">user interfaces</a> plays a pivotal role in fostering phubbing behavior. These features are engineered to capture user attention, often at the expense of in-person interactions. Central to this dynamic is smart push technology, which delivers personalized, real-time updates to users. While this technology enhances convenience, it also amplifies <a href="/wiki/Fear_of_missing_out" title="Fear of missing out">Fear of Missing Out</a> (FoMO), a psychological phenomenon defined as the anxiety of being excluded from rewarding experiences.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By continuously pushing tailored content, apps entice users to engage compulsively, distracting them from their immediate social environment.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The timeliness of content delivery, a hallmark of <a href="/wiki/Push_technology" title="Push technology">push notifications</a>, adds another layer of complexity. Constant updates induce information overload, leaving users overwhelmed yet compelled to stay updated. This creates a cognitive loop where users feel pressured to remain engaged, even at the cost of neglecting their physical surroundings.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over time, this cycle fosters a dependency on smartphones, making phubbing a habitual behavior. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parental_phubbing_and_its_effects_on_children">Parental phubbing and its effects on children</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phubbing&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Parental phubbing and its effects on children"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Parental phubbing, the act of parents prioritizing smartphone use over engagement with their children, poses a significant threat to children’s social-emotional development. This behavior disrupts parent-child interactions, often leading to feelings of neglect and reduced emotional connection for children.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A study by Liu et al. <sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> involving 726 adolescents aged 12–18 revealed that parental phubbing significantly disrupted the parent-child relationship, which in turn led to higher levels of mobile phone addiction. The study found that 51.45% of the adolescents experienced frequent parental phubbing, such as during mealtimes, which contributed to feelings of neglect and rejection. These interactions were linked to heightened rates of behavioral issues, including depression and aggression, with phubbing explaining 26% of the variance in problematic mobile phone use (β = 0.26, <i>p</i> < 0.001). </p><p>These findings resonate with the ecological techno-subsystem theory introduced by Johnson and Puplampu, which asserts that modern technologies interfere with family systems and individual development.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Parental phubbing not only disrupts immediate interactions but also contributes to broader behavioral issues, such as increased aggression and loneliness in adolescents.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>This underscores the importance of addressing phubbing behaviors within families. Effective interventions could focus on reducing parental screen time, reinforcing quality interactions, and fostering resilience in adolescents to counteract the detrimental effects of digital distractions on familial relationships. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Research_on_Phubbing_and_Its_Relational_Effects">Research on Phubbing and Its Relational Effects</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phubbing&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Research on Phubbing and Its Relational Effects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In October 2015, media outlets (such as <i><a href="/wiki/Today_(U.S._TV_program)" class="mw-redirect" title="Today (U.S. TV program)">Today</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-Today_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Today-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Digital_Trends" title="Digital Trends">Digital Trends</a><sup id="cite_ref-Digital_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Digital-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) reported on a study by James A. Roberts, professor of marketing at <a href="/wiki/Baylor_University" title="Baylor University">Baylor University</a> Hankamer School of Business, that was published in the journal <i><a href="/wiki/Computers_in_Human_Behavior" title="Computers in Human Behavior">Computers In Human Behavior</a></i>. The study consisted of two separate surveys of more than 450 U.S. adults to learn the relational effects of "phubbing" or partner phubbing. The survey found that 46.3 percent of respondents said their partners phubbed them, and 22.6 percent said it caused issues in their relationship.<sup id="cite_ref-Today_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Today-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In an interview with <a href="/wiki/Yahoo!" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahoo!">Yahoo!</a> Health, Roberts said, "We found that the ones that reported higher partner phubbing fought more with their partner and were less satisfied with their relationship than those who reported less phubbing."<sup id="cite_ref-Digital_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Digital-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another study, published in 2022, found that people who reported being phubbed by their partner tended to have reduced romantic relationship quality.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Boss_Phubbing_and_Workplace_Dynamics">Boss Phubbing and Workplace Dynamics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phubbing&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Boss Phubbing and Workplace Dynamics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Boss phubbing (BPhubbing) refers to the behavior of supervisors being distracted by their smartphones during interactions with employees. This emerging workplace phenomenon has gained attention due to its negative impact on employee trust, engagement, and overall job performance. Recent research has sought to explore the underlying psychological and relational mechanisms through which BPhubbing affects workplace dynamics. </p><p>A series of studies examined the effects of BPhubbing on employee engagement, grounded in theories like Reciprocated Social Exchange (RSE) and Kahn's psychological conditions.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These studies found that BPhubbing erodes trust between supervisors and employees, which is a cornerstone of healthy workplace relationships. Supervisory trust was identified as a mediator, linking BPhubbing to lower employee engagement through diminished psychological meaningfulness and availability.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Employees who experienced BPhubbing were less likely to find their work valuable or believe in their ability to perform effectively, leading to decreased motivation and productivity. </p><p>Interestingly, the research by James A. Roberts and Meredith E. David<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> revealed that psychological safety, another factor traditionally associated with engagement, did not significantly mediate the relationship between supervisory trust and engagement in the context of BPhubbing. This highlights the complex and context-dependent nature of the psychological conditions driving employee behavior. The findings suggest that reducing BPhubbing could have profound implications for organizational outcomes. Practical recommendations include implementing training programs for supervisors to increase awareness of the impact of their smartphone use, establishing clear smartphone usage policies, and fostering a corporate culture that values attentiveness and interpersonal connection. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phubbing&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:Media_and_human_factors" title="Template:Media and human factors"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Media_and_human_factors" title="Template talk:Media and human factors"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Media_and_human_factors" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Media and human factors"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Media_and_human_factors" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Media_(communication)" title="Media (communication)">Media</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ergonomics" title="Ergonomics">human factors</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cognitive_psychology" title="Cognitive psychology">Cognitive psychology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Externality" title="Externality">Externality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_psychology" title="Evolutionary psychology">Evolutionary psychology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Behavioral_modernity" title="Behavioral modernity">Behavioral modernity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolution_of_cognition" title="Evolution of cognition">Cognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_mismatch" title="Evolutionary mismatch">Mismatch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_psychology" title="Media psychology">Media psychology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_studies" title="Media studies">Media studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_psychology" title="Social psychology">Social psychology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media practices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Betteridge%27s_law_of_headlines" title="Betteridge's law of headlines">Betteridge's law of headlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatekeeping_(communication)" title="Gatekeeping (communication)">Gatekeeping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infotainment" title="Infotainment">Infotainment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human-interest_story" title="Human-interest story">Human-interest story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junk_food_news" title="Junk food news">Junk food news</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Least_objectionable_program" title="Least objectionable program">Least objectionable program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soft_media" title="Soft media">Soft media</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_bias" title="Media bias">Media bias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_manipulation" title="Media manipulation">Media manipulation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pink-slime_journalism" title="Pink-slime journalism">Pink-slime journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda" title="Propaganda">Propaganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_relations" title="Public relations">Public relations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missing_white_woman_syndrome" title="Missing white woman syndrome">Missing white woman syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/News_values" title="News values">News values</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sensationalism" title="Sensationalism">Sensationalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hot_take" title="Hot take">Hot take</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spike_(journalism)" title="Spike (journalism)">Spiking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabloid_television" title="Tabloid television">Tabloid television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_journalism" title="Yellow journalism">Yellow journalism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Attention" title="Attention">Attention</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Attention_economy" title="Attention economy">Attention economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attention_inequality" title="Attention inequality">Attention inequality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attention_management" title="Attention management">Attention management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attention_span" title="Attention span">Attention span</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chumbox" title="Chumbox">Chumbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clickbait" title="Clickbait">Clickbait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cognitive_miser" title="Cognitive miser">Cognitive miser</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Low_information_voter" title="Low information voter">Low information voter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_zombie" title="Digital zombie">Digital zombie</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Phubbing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doomscrolling" title="Doomscrolling">Doomscrolling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_multitasking" title="Human multitasking">Human multitasking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Media_multitasking" title="Media multitasking">Media multitasking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_phones_and_driving_safety" title="Mobile phones and driving safety">Mobile phones and driving safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smartphones_and_pedestrian_safety" title="Smartphones and pedestrian safety">Smartphones and pedestrian safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texting_while_driving" title="Texting while driving">Texting while driving</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influence-for-hire" title="Influence-for-hire">Influence-for-hire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infodemic" title="Infodemic">Infodemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_explosion" title="Information explosion">Information explosion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_overload" title="Information overload">Information overload</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_pollution" title="Information pollution">Information pollution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information%E2%80%93action_ratio" title="Information–action ratio">Information–action ratio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rage_farming" class="mw-redirect" title="Rage farming">Rage farming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screen_time" title="Screen time">Screen time</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Binge-watching" title="Binge-watching">Binge-watching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_consumption" title="Television consumption">Television consumption</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sticky_content" title="Sticky content">Sticky content</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cognitive_bias" title="Cognitive bias">Cognitive bias</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Conformity" title="Conformity">Conformity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Availability_cascade" title="Availability cascade">Availability cascade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Availability_heuristic" title="Availability heuristic">Availability heuristic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandwagon_effect" title="Bandwagon effect">Bandwagon effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confirmation_bias" title="Confirmation bias">Confirmation bias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crowd_psychology" title="Crowd psychology">Crowd psychology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mobbing" title="Mobbing">Mobbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral_panic" title="Moral panic">Moral panic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mean_world_syndrome" title="Mean world syndrome">Mean world syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negativity_bias" title="Negativity bias">Negativity bias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peer_pressure" title="Peer pressure">Peer pressure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social-desirability_bias" title="Social-desirability bias">Social-desirability bias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_influence_bias" title="Social influence bias">Social influence bias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiral_of_silence" title="Spiral of silence">Spiral of silence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Digital_divide" title="Digital divide">Digital divide</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Political_polarization" title="Political polarization">Political polarization</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algorithmic_radicalization" title="Algorithmic radicalization">Algorithmic radicalization</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Online_youth_radicalization" title="Online youth radicalization">Youth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echo_chamber_(media)" title="Echo chamber (media)">Echo chamber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fake_news_website" title="Fake news website">Fake news website</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Post-truth_politics" title="Post-truth politics">Post-truth politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fake_news_websites_in_the_United_States" title="Fake news websites in the United States">United States</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filter_bubble" title="Filter bubble">Filter bubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knowledge_divide" title="Knowledge divide">Knowledge divide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knowledge_gap_hypothesis" title="Knowledge gap hypothesis">Knowledge gap hypothesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_polarization_in_the_United_States" title="Political polarization in the United States">Political polarization in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_media_use_in_politics" title="Social media use in politics">Social media use in politics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Social_media_and_political_communication_in_the_United_States" title="Social media and political communication in the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_media_in_the_2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="Social media in the 2016 United States presidential election">2016 U.S. presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_media_in_the_2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="Social media in the 2020 United States presidential election">2020 U.S. presidential election</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Computer_rage" title="Computer rage">Computer rage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Facebook" title="Criticism of Facebook">Criticism of Facebook</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2021_Facebook_leak" title="2021 Facebook leak">2021 Facebook company files leak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facebook%E2%80%93Cambridge_Analytica_data_scandal" title="Facebook–Cambridge Analytica data scandal">Facebook–Cambridge Analytica data scandal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Netflix" title="Criticism of Netflix">Criticism of Netflix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_impact_of_TikTok" title="Cultural impact of TikTok">Cultural impact of TikTok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_media_use_and_mental_health" title="Digital media use and mental health">Digital media use and mental health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Effects_of_violence_in_mass_media" title="Effects of violence in mass media">Effects of violence in mass media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fascination_with_death" title="Fascination with death">Fascination with death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griefer" title="Griefer">Griefer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_shooting_contagion" title="Mass shooting contagion">Mass shooting contagion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_effects_of_Internet_use" title="Psychological effects of Internet use">Psychological effects of Internet use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sealioning" title="Sealioning">Sealioning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_aspects_of_television" title="Social aspects of television">Social aspects of television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_bot" title="Social bot">Social bot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_impact_of_YouTube" title="Social impact of YouTube">Social impact of YouTube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technophilia" title="Technophilia">Technophilia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neophile" title="Neophile">Neophile</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technophobia" title="Technophobia">Technophobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violence_and_video_games" title="Violence and video games">Violence and video games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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