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class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Baggrund</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Baggrund-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Idé" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Idé"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Idé</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Idé-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kultur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kultur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Kultur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kultur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sproglig_struktur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sproglig_struktur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Sproglig struktur</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sproglig_struktur-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underafsnit Sproglig struktur</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sproglig_struktur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fonologi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fonologi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Fonologi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fonologi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Konsonanter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Konsonanter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>Konsonanter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Konsonanter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alfabet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alfabet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Alfabet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alfabet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ordforråd" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ordforråd"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Ordforråd</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ordforråd-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Orddannelse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Orddannelse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.1</span> <span>Orddannelse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Orddannelse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tabelord_(korrelativer)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tabelord_(korrelativer)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.2</span> <span>Tabelord (korrelativer)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tabelord_(korrelativer)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Esperanto-samfundet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Esperanto-samfundet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Esperanto-samfundet</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Esperanto-samfundet-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underafsnit Esperanto-samfundet</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Esperanto-samfundet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Geografi_og_demografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografi_og_demografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Geografi og demografi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geografi_og_demografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Holdninger_til_esperanto" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Holdninger_til_esperanto"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Holdninger til esperanto</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Holdninger_til_esperanto-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underafsnit Holdninger til esperanto</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Holdninger_til_esperanto-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Typiske_argumenter_for_esperanto" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Typiske_argumenter_for_esperanto"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Typiske argumenter for esperanto</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Typiske_argumenter_for_esperanto-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Typiske_argumenter_imod_esperanto" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Typiske_argumenter_imod_esperanto"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Typiske argumenter imod esperanto</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Typiske_argumenter_imod_esperanto-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Et_eksempel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Et_eksempel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Et eksempel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Et_eksempel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Se_også" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_også"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Se også</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_også-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referencer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referencer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Referencer</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Referencer-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underafsnit Referencer</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Referencer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kilder" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kilder"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Kilder</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kilder-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_henvisninger" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_henvisninger"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Eksterne henvisninger</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_henvisninger-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul indholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul indholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Esperanto</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikel på et andet sprog. Tilgængelig på 212 sprog" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-212" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">212 sprog</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Есперанто – abkhasisk" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Есперанто" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abkhasisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%80%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Ӏэспэранто – adyghe" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Ӏэспэранто" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="adyghe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – schweizertysk" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="schweizertysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-alt mw-list-item"><a href="https://alt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Эсперанто – sydaltaisk" lang="alt" hreflang="alt" data-title="Эсперанто" data-language-autonym="Алтай тил" data-language-local-name="sydaltaisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Алтай тил</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A4%E1%88%B5%E1%8D%94%E1%88%AB%E1%8A%95%E1%89%B6" title="ኤስፔራንቶ – amharisk" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኤስፔራንቶ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – aragonsk" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – oldengelsk" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="oldengelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B" title="एस्पेरान्तो – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="एस्पेरान्तो" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88" title="إسبرانتو – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إسبرانتو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%BE%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%88" title="إسپيرانطو – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="إسپيرانطو" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88" title="اسبرانتو – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اسبرانتو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperantu" title="Esperantu – asturisk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Esperantu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperantoava" title="Esperantoava – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Esperantoava" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ispirantu_aru" title="Ispirantu aru – aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Ispirantu aru" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88" title="ایسپرانتو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ایسپرانتو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Эсперанто – bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Эсперанто" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Эсперанта – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Эсперанта" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Эспэранта – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Эспэранта" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Sep%C3%A8ranto" title="Basa Sepèranto – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Basa Sepèranto" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Есперанто – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Есперанто" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8B" title="এসপেরান্তো – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="এসপেরান্তো" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanteg" title="Esperanteg – bretonsk" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Esperanteg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – bosnisk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Эсперанто – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Эсперанто" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – catalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C3%A9-g%C3%A1i-ng%E1%B9%B3%CC%84" title="Sié-gái-ngṳ̄ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Sié-gái-ngṳ̄" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Эсперанто – tjetjensk" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Эсперанто" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="tjetjensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8E%D8%B3%D9%BE%DB%8E%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%86" title="ئێسپێرانتۆ – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئێسپێرانتۆ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto_tili" title="Esperanto tili – krimtatarisk" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Esperanto tili" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="krimtatarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="fremragende artikel"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – tjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – kasjubisk" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="kasjubisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%84%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%94%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Єспєранто – kirkeslavisk" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Єспєранто" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="kirkeslavisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Эсперанто – tjuvasjisk" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Эсперанто" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tjuvasjisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – walisisk" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – nedersorbisk" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="nedersorbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF" title="Εσπεράντο – græsk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εσπεράντο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="græsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esper%C3%A0nt" title="Esperànt – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Esperànt" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="fremragende artikel"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="god artikel"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88" title="اسپرانتو – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اسپرانتو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – fulah" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="fulah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto_kiil" title="Esperanto kiil – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Esperanto kiil" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – færøsk" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="færøsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esp%C3%A9ranto" title="Espéranto – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Espéranto" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88speranto" title="Èsperanto – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Èsperanto" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – nordfrisisk" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nordfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – vestfrisisk" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="vestfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – skotsk gælisk" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skotsk gælisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – galicisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8D%80%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8D%89" title="𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽𐍄𐍉 – gotisk" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽𐍄𐍉" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="gotisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – hakka-kinesisk" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka-kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BB%C5%8Clelo_Ekepel%C4%81nako" title="ʻŌlelo Ekepelānako – hawaiiansk" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="ʻŌlelo Ekepelānako" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="hawaiiansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%95" title="אספרנטו – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אספרנטו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B" title="एस्पेरांतो – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="एस्पेरांतो" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – øvresorbisk" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="øvresorbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – haitisk" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="god artikel"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eszperant%C3%B3_nyelv" title="Eszperantó nyelv – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Eszperantó nyelv" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%BD%D5%BA%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%B8" title="Էսպերանտո – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Էսպերանտո" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="fremragende artikel"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Esperanto" title="Bahasa Esperanto – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isipirantu_uqautchiq" title="Isipirantu uqautchiq – inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Isipirantu uqautchiq" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – islandsk" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9A%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88" title="エスペラント – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エスペラント" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/esperantos" title="esperantos – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="esperantos" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_%C3%89sp%C3%A9ranto" title="Basa Éspéranto – javanesisk" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Basa Éspéranto" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D" title="ესპერანტო – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ესპერანტო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto_tili" title="Esperanto tili – karakalpakisk" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Esperanto tili" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Es%C9%A9perant%C9%94_k%CA%8An%CA%8A%C5%8B" title="Esɩperantɔ kʊnʊŋ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Esɩperantɔ kʊnʊŋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Esperanto" title="Bahasa Esperanto – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Bahasa Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Эсперанто – kasakhisk" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Эсперанто" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasakhisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – grønlandsk" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="grønlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kalaallisut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%8E%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8A" title="ಎಸ್ಪೆರಾಂಟೊ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಎಸ್ಪೆರಾಂಟೊ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%90%EC%8A%A4%ED%8E%98%EB%9E%80%ED%86%A0" title="에스페란토 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="에스페란토" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – kölsch" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="kölsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziman%C3%AA_esperanto" title="Zimanê esperanto – kurdisk" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zimanê esperanto" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE_(%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B2)" title="Эсперанто (кыв) – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Эсперанто (кыв)" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperantek" title="Esperantek – cornisk" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Esperantek" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Эсперанто – kirgisisk" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Эсперанто" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_Esperantica" title="Lingua Esperantica – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua Esperantica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – luxembourgsk" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxembourgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Эсперанто – lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Эсперанто" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – limburgsk" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esper%C3%A0nto" title="Esperànto – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Esperànto" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_esperanto" title="Lengua esperanto – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Lengua esperanto" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisipelanto" title="Lisipelanto – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Lisipelanto" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – lettisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Эсперанто кяль – moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Эсперанто кяль" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_esperant%C3%B4" title="Fiteny esperantô – malagassisk" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny esperantô" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagassisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahaso_Esperanto" title="Bahaso Esperanto – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Bahaso Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Есперанто – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Есперанто" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8B" title="എസ്പെരാന്തോ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="എസ്പെരാന്തോ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Эсперанто – mongolsk" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Эсперанто" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A3_%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯑꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯟꯇꯣ ꯂꯣꯟ – manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯑꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯟꯇꯣ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B" title="एस्पेरांतो – marathisk" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="एस्पेरांतो" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Esperanto" title="Bahasa Esperanto – malajisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – maltesisk" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speranto" title="Speranto – mirandesisk" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Speranto" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%95%E1%80%AB%E1%80%9B%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%90%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%85%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="အက်စပါရန်တိုဘာသာစကား – burmesisk" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အက်စပါရန်တိုဘာသာစကား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Эсперанто – erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Эсперанто" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88" title="اسپرانتو – mazenisk" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="اسپرانتو" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazenisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – nedertysk" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="nedertysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – plattysk (Holland)" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="plattysk (Holland)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B" title="एस्पेरान्तो – nepalesisk" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="एस्पेरान्तो" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B" title="एस्परान्तो – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="एस्परान्तो" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esp%C3%A9raunto" title="Espéraunto – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Espéraunto" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – occitansk" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Эсперанто – ossetisk" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Эсперанто" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%90%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%8B" title="ਐੱਸਪੇਰਾਂਤੋ – punjabisk" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਐੱਸਪੇਰਾਂਤੋ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89sp%C3%A9ranto" title="Éspéranto – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Éspéranto" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_esperanto" title="Lenga esperanto – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga esperanto" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88" title="اسپرانتو – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اسپرانتو" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%90%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%98%D8%A8%D9%87" title="اېسپرانتو ژبه – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="اېسپرانتو ژبه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ispirantu_simi" title="Ispirantu simi – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ispirantu simi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – rætoromansk" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="rætoromansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rn mw-list-item"><a href="https://rn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiseperanto" title="Kiseperanto – rundi" lang="rn" hreflang="rn" data-title="Kiseperanto" data-language-autonym="Ikirundi" data-language-local-name="rundi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikirundi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – rumænsk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumænsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Эсперанто – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эсперанто" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Есперанто – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Есперанто" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icyesiperanto" title="Icyesiperanto – kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Icyesiperanto" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B" title="एस्पेरान्तो – sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="एस्पेरान्तो" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Эсперанто – jakutisk" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Эсперанто" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%B3" title="ᱮᱥᱯᱮᱨᱟᱱᱛᱳ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱮᱥᱯᱮᱨᱟᱱᱛᱳ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – sardinsk" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_esperantu" title="Lingua esperantu – siciliansk" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Lingua esperantu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – skotsk" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperantogiella" title="Esperantogiella – nordsamisk" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Esperantogiella" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="nordsamisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%91%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%9C" title="එස්පෙරාන්තො – singalesisk" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="එස්පෙරාන්තො" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="fremragende artikel"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esberanto" title="Esberanto – somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Esberanto" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjuha_esperanto" title="Gjuha esperanto – albansk" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjuha esperanto" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Есперанто – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Есперанто" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%AD-Speranto" title="Sí-Speranto – swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="Sí-Speranto" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="swati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_%C3%89sp%C3%A9ranto" title="Basa Éspéranto – sundanesisk" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Basa Éspéranto" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiesperanto" title="Kiesperanto – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kiesperanto" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8B" title="எஸ்பெராண்டோ – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="எஸ்பெராண்டோ" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8B" title="ఎస్పరాంటో – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఎస్పరాంటో" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Забони эсперанто – tadsjikisk" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Забони эсперанто" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadsjikisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%95" title="ภาษาเอสเปรันโต – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษาเอสเปรันโต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Эсперанто – tatarisk" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Эсперанто" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Эсперанто – udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Эсперанто" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%90%D8%B3%D9%BE%DB%90%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88" title="ئېسپېرانتو – uygurisk" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئېسپېرانتو" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uygurisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Есперанто – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Есперанто" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88" title="اسپرانتو – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اسپرانتو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%E1%BB%91c_t%E1%BA%BF_ng%E1%BB%AF" title="Quốc tế ngữ – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quốc tế ngữ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sperant" title="Sperant – volapyk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Sperant" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – vallonsk" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="vallonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inesperanto" title="Inesperanto – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Inesperanto" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%AF%AD" title="世界语 – wu-kinesisk" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="世界语" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu-kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD" title="Эсперантин келн – kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Эсперантин келн" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsiEsperanto" title="IsiEsperanto – xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="IsiEsperanto" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D" title="ესპერანტო – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ესპერანტო" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%90" title="עספעראנטא – jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="עספעראנטא" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88d%C3%A8_Esperanto" title="Èdè Esperanto – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Èdè Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%AF%AD" title="世界语 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="世界语" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%AA%9E" title="世界語 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="世界語" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto – min-kinesisk" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Esperanto" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min-kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%AA%9E" title="世界語 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="世界語" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isi-Esperanto" title="Isi-Esperanto – zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Isi-Esperanto" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q143#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigér sproglinks" class="wbc-editpage">Redigér links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Navnerum"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Esperanto" title="Se indholdssiden [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskussion:Esperanto" rel="discussion" title="Diskussion om indholdet på siden [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ændr sprogvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">dansk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visninger"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Esperanto"><span>Læs</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&veaction=edit" title="Redigér denne side [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redigér</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne side [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kildekode</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&action=history" title="Tidligere versioner af denne side [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Se historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideværktøjer"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Værktøjer" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Værktøjer</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Værktøjer</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flyt til sidebjælken</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Flere muligheder" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Handlinger </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Esperanto"><span>Læs</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&veaction=edit" title="Redigér denne side [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redigér</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne side [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kildekode</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&action=history"><span>Se historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generelt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciel:Hvad_linker_hertil/Esperanto" title="Liste med alle sider som henviser hertil 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side"><span>Sideinformation</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciel:Citer&page=Esperanto&id=11796230&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information om, hvordan man kan citere denne side"><span>Referer til denne side</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciel:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fda.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FEsperanto"><span>Hent forkortet URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciel:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fda.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FEsperanto"><span>Download QR-kode</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Organisation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Organisation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Organisation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kontakt_Wikipedia"><span>Kontakt 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margin-top:0.75em; background:#f4f4f4; text-align:left; font-size:90%;" cellpadding="2"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="padding:0.5em; text-align: center; font-size:120%; color: white; background-color: black;">Esperanto <br />(<i>Esperantist</i>)  </th></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle; padding-left: 0.5em;">Esperantos flag: </td> <td colspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Flag_of_Esperanto.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Esperanto.svg/200px-Flag_of_Esperanto.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Esperanto.svg/300px-Flag_of_Esperanto.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Esperanto.svg/400px-Flag_of_Esperanto.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;">Skabt af: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/L.L._Zamenhof" class="mw-redirect" title="L.L. Zamenhof">L.L. Zamenhof</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;">Talere i alt: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;">Modersmål: 1.000 til adskillige tusind <br /> Fremmedsprog:2 - 10 millioner (hovedsageligt som andetsprog)  </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Verdens_sprog_sorteret_efter_antal_talere" title="Verdens sprog sorteret efter antal talere">Rang</a>: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;">Ukendt </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;">Kategori (formål): </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Kunstsprog" title="Kunstsprog">kunstsprog</a><br /><span style="font-size:66%;"> </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internationalt_hj%C3%A6lpesprog&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Internationalt hjælpesprog (ikke skrevet endnu)">Internationalt hjælpesprog</a><br /><span style="font-size:66%;">  </span><b>Esperanto</b>  </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;">Kategori (kilder): </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em; text-align: left;">Ord fra <a href="/wiki/Romanske_sprog" title="Romanske sprog">romanske</a> og <a href="/wiki/Germanske_sprog" title="Germanske sprog">germanske sprog</a>; fonologi fra <a href="/wiki/Slaviske_sprog" title="Slaviske sprog">slaviske sprog</a>  </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;">Sprognævn: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperantoakademiet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Esperantoakademiet (ikke skrevet endnu)">Esperantoakademiet</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: center; color: white; background-color: black;">Sprogkoder </th></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-1" title="ISO 639-1">ISO 639-1</a>: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><tt>eo</tt> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-2" title="ISO 639-2">ISO 639-2</a>: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><tt>epo</tt>  </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a> : </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/documentation.asp?id=ESP">ESP</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a>: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><tt><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/documentation.asp?id=epo">epo</a></tt> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Esperanto</b> er et <a href="/wiki/Kunstsprog" title="Kunstsprog">kunstsprog</a>, som har til formål at gøre mennesker med forskellige <a href="/wiki/Modersm%C3%A5l" title="Modersmål">modersmål</a> i stand til at kommunikere lettere med hinanden. Esperantos grundstruktur er mere regelmæssig end i de fleste naturligt opståede sprog, og det hævdes derfor at være lettere at lære. Esperanto er det mest udbredte plansprog i historien. Siden sprogets lancering <a href="/wiki/26._juli" title="26. juli">26. juli</a> <a href="/wiki/1887" title="1887">1887</a> har det gennemgået en udvikling, som kan sammenlignes med den, der har fundet sted i andre sprogsamfund. Esperanto betegnes som verdens enkleste sprog. </p><p>Antallet af personer på verdensplan, der taler sproget, er svært at måle, da <a href="/wiki/Esperantist" title="Esperantist">esperantister</a> er spredt ud over hele verden, og mange ikke er medlem af nogen esperanto-organisationer. Antallet af talere anslås til at være et sted mellem nogle hundredtusinder og flere millioner.<sup id="cite_ref-e18_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e18-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lindstedt_1996_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lindstedt_1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Heraf har langt de fleste det som andetsprog, men der findes også mellem 1.000 og adskillige tusind mennesker der har det som modersmål, kaldet "<a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denaskaj_Esperanto-parolantoj" class="extiw" title="eo:Denaskaj Esperanto-parolantoj">denaskuloj</a>" ("fra fødslen [esperantotalende] personer").<sup id="cite_ref-hh_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hh-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-jl_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jl-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Baggrund">Baggrund</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigér afsnit: Baggrund" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Baggrund"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:1908-kl-t-zamenhof.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/1908-kl-t-zamenhof.jpg/220px-1908-kl-t-zamenhof.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="309" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/1908-kl-t-zamenhof.jpg/330px-1908-kl-t-zamenhof.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/1908-kl-t-zamenhof.jpg/440px-1908-kl-t-zamenhof.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1364" data-file-height="1914" /></a><figcaption>L.L. Zamenhof - manden der udarbejdede esperanto.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/L.L._Zamenhof" class="mw-redirect" title="L.L. Zamenhof">L.L. Zamenhof</a>, øjenlæge i <a href="/wiki/Warszawa" title="Warszawa">Warszawa</a>, udgav i <a href="/wiki/1887" title="1887">1887</a> (under <a href="/wiki/Pseudonym" title="Pseudonym">pseudonymet</a> <i>Doktoro Esperanto</i>) en bog med <a href="/wiki/Grammatik" title="Grammatik">grammatik</a>, ordlister og teksteksempler for et af ham udarbejdet plansprog. I bogen, som blandt <a href="/wiki/Esperantist" title="Esperantist">esperantister</a> populært kaldes <i>(la) Unua Libro</i> ("(den) Første Bog"), kaldes sproget simpelt hen <i>Lingvo Internacia</i> ("Internationalt Sprog"). Sproget fik hurtigt tilhængere, som begyndte at kalde det <i>Esperanto</i> efter forfatterens pseudonym. Esperanto betyder "en håbende", eller "en som håber". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Idé"><span id="Id.C3.A9"></span>Idé</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigér afsnit: Idé" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Idé"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Zamenhofs mål med at lave esperanto var, at det skulle blive alles <i>sprog nummer to</i>, som man kunne lære foruden sit modersmål. Zamenhof mente, at manglende kommunikation og forståelse var en af årsagerne til krig og fjendskab mellem forskellige nationer. Baggrunden for dette regnes at være Zamenhofs opvækst i byen <a href="/wiki/Bia%C5%82ystok" title="Białystok">Białystok</a> i den østlige del af det nuværende <a href="/wiki/Polen" title="Polen">Polen</a>, hvor der taltes 5 sprog: <a href="/wiki/Polsk_(sprog)" title="Polsk (sprog)">polsk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russisk_(sprog)" title="Russisk (sprog)">russisk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hviderussisk" class="mw-redirect" title="Hviderussisk">hviderussisk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tysk_(sprog)" title="Tysk (sprog)">tysk</a> og <a href="/wiki/Jiddisch" title="Jiddisch">jiddisch</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kultur">Kultur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigér afsnit: Kultur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Kultur"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sproget blev hurtigt udbredt blandt en voksende tilhængerskare, og det udviklede sig til et levende sprog med sin egen særegne kultur. Zamenhof havde fra starten lagt stor vægt på litterær anvendelse – han skrev digte på sproget og oversatte mange klassiske værker (for eksempel <i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet" title="Hamlet">Hamlet</a></i> og andre skuespil af <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare" class="mw-redirect" title="Shakespeare">Shakespeare</a> og mange af <a href="/wiki/H.C._Andersen" title="H.C. Andersen">H.C. Andersens</a> eventyr). Lige siden har det været et litterært sprog med både oversat og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperantolitteratur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Esperantolitteratur (ikke skrevet endnu)">original</a> litteratur i alle genrer. I dag bruges esperanto inden for mange områder: Der er for eksempel en del orkestre, som udelukkende spiller og udgiver musik på esperanto, blandt andet danske <a href="/wiki/Kim_J._Henriksen" title="Kim J. Henriksen">Kim J. Henriksen</a>. </p><p><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="eo:">Esperanto-udgaven</a> af <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> har p.t. <a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Statistikoj" class="extiw" title="eo:Specialaĵo:Statistikoj">361.334</a> artikler (dags dato). Til sammenligning har <a href="/wiki/Dansk_Wikipedia" title="Dansk Wikipedia">dansk Wikipedia</a> p.t. <a href="/wiki/Speciel:Statistik" title="Speciel:Statistik">303.806</a> artikler (dags dato), mens <a href="/wiki/Engelsk_Wikipedia" title="Engelsk Wikipedia">engelsk Wikipedia</a> er størst med <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Statistics" class="extiw" title="en:Special:Statistics">6.915.588</a> artikler (dags dato). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sproglig_struktur">Sproglig struktur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigér afsnit: Sproglig struktur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Sproglig struktur"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kerneordforrådet på esperanto blev defineret af <i>Lingvo Internacia</i>, udgivet af Zamenhof i 1887. Den indeholdt 900 <a href="/wiki/Ordr%C3%B8dder" class="mw-redirect" title="Ordrødder">ordrødder</a>, som kunne udbygges til mere end ti tusind ord ved hjælp af forskellige for- (<a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%A6fiks" title="Præfiks">præfikser</a>) og efterstavelser (<a href="/wiki/Suffiks" title="Suffiks">suffikser</a>; i tillæg kunne man danne nye ord gennem <a href="/wiki/Sammens%C3%A6tning" class="mw-redirect" title="Sammensætning">sammensætning</a>). I 1894 udgav Zamenhof den første esperantoordbog, <i>Universala Vortaro</i>, med et større sæt rødder. Imidlertid "tillod" Zamenhof brugerne af sproget at låne rødder fra andre sprog, hvis det var nødvendigt, særligt "internationalt kendte" rødder, der var i brug i flere etniske sprog. Zamenhof opgav derefter enhver kontrol over sproget, som siden har udviklet sig "ad naturens veje". Der har længe pågået en ideologisk kamp mellem det konservative <a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperantoakademiet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Esperantoakademiet (ikke skrevet endnu)">Esperantoakademi</a>, og eksperimenterende forfattere, der har indført et væld af <a href="/wiki/Neologisme" title="Neologisme">neologismer</a>. Den største esperantoordbog i dag (<i>La Nova Plena Ilustrita Vortaro</i>, 2004/2005) indeholder ca. 16.780 rødder. </p><p>Esperantos ordforråd bygger hovedsageligt på de <a href="/wiki/Romanske_sprog" title="Romanske sprog">romanske sprog</a> med visse <a href="/wiki/Germansk" class="mw-redirect" title="Germansk">germanske</a> og <a href="/wiki/Slaviske_sprog" title="Slaviske sprog">slaviske</a> islæt. <a href="/wiki/Grammatik" title="Grammatik">Grammatikken</a> er agglutinerende, noget som indebærer, at ordstammerne aldrig forandres eller forkortes, men sættes sammen som puslespilsbrikker. (Derfor er det blevet hævdet, at esperantos <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordstruktur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ordstruktur (ikke skrevet endnu)">ordstruktur</a> står nærmere <a href="/wiki/Tyrkisk_(sprog)" title="Tyrkisk (sprog)">tyrkisk</a> og <a href="/wiki/Japansk" class="mw-redirect" title="Japansk">japansk</a> end vestlige sprog.) </p> <table class="infobox sisterproject"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:50px; height:67px;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Gnome-speakernotes.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Gnome-speakernotes.svg/50px-Gnome-speakernotes.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Gnome-speakernotes.svg/75px-Gnome-speakernotes.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Gnome-speakernotes.svg/100px-Gnome-speakernotes.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Lapenna1968_02.ogg" title="Fil:Lapenna1968 02.ogg">Eksempel på esperanto: Ivo Lapenna holder tale, 1968</a> <div style="margin-left: 10px;"> <i><b><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="120" style="width:120px;" data-durationhint="900" data-mwtitle="Lapenna1968_02.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Lapenna1968_02.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/Lapenna1968_02.ogg/Lapenna1968_02.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></b></i></div> <p><small><i>Er der problemer med lyden? Se da eventuelt <a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%A6lp:Ogg_Vorbis" title="Hjælp:Ogg Vorbis">Hjælp:Ogg Vorbis</a> eller <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_help" class="extiw" title="en:Wikipedia:Media help">"Media help"</a> <span style="cursor: default; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 0.84em; color: #555555; position: relative; bottom: 0.08em">(engelsk)</span></i></small> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fonologi">Fonologi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigér afsnit: Fonologi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Fonologi"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Esperanto har 22 <a href="/wiki/Konsonant" title="Konsonant">konsonanter</a> og 5 <a href="/wiki/Vokal_(sprog)" title="Vokal (sprog)">vokaler</a>. <a href="/wiki/Betoning" class="mw-redirect" title="Betoning">Betoningen</a> ligger altid på den næstsidste vokal, undtagen i de tilfælde hvor slutvokalen <i>o</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elision&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elision (ikke skrevet endnu)">elideres</a> (i praksis næsten kun i <a href="/wiki/Poesi" class="mw-redirect" title="Poesi">poesi</a>). Til eksempel udtales <i>familio</i> (familie) <span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">[fa.mi.ˈli.o]</span>, men ved elision fås i stedet <i>famili’</i> <span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">[fa.mi.ˈli]</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Konsonanter">Konsonanter</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigér afsnit: Konsonanter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Konsonanter"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="font-size: x-small;vertical-align:top;"> <th> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Bilabial_konsonant" title="Bilabial konsonant">Bilabial</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Labiodental_konsonant" title="Labiodental konsonant">Labio-<br />dental</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Alveol%C3%A6r_konsonant" title="Alveolær konsonant">Alveolar</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Postalveol%C3%A6r_konsonant" title="Postalveolær konsonant">Post-<br />alveolar</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Palatal_konsonant" title="Palatal konsonant">Palatal</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Vel%C3%A6r_konsonant" title="Velær konsonant">Velar</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glottal_konsonant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glottal konsonant (ikke skrevet endnu)">Glottal</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="font-size: x-small"><a href="/wiki/Klusil" class="mw-redirect" title="Klusil">Klusil</a> </th> <td><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">p</span> ⟨p⟩</td> <td><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">b</span> ⟨b⟩ </td> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">t</span> ⟨t⟩</td> <td><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">d</span> ⟨d⟩ </td> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">k</span> ⟨k⟩</td> <td><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">g</span> ⟨g⟩ </td> <td colspan="2">  </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-size: x-small"><a href="/wiki/Nasal_konsonant" title="Nasal konsonant">Nasal</a> </th> <td> </td> <td><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">m</span> ⟨m⟩ </td> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">n</span> ⟨n⟩ </td> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td colspan="2">  </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-size: x-small"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flap_(fonetik)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flap (fonetik) (ikke skrevet endnu)">Flap</a> </th> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">ɾ</span> ⟨r⟩ </td> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td colspan="2">  </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-size: x-small"><a href="/wiki/Frikativ" class="mw-redirect" title="Frikativ">Frikativ</a> </th> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">f</span> ⟨f⟩</td> <td><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">v</span> ⟨v⟩ </td> <td><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">s</span> ⟨s⟩</td> <td><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">z</span> ⟨z⟩ </td> <td><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">ʃ</span> ⟨ŝ⟩</td> <td><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">ʒ</span> ⟨ĵ⟩ </td> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">x</span> ⟨ĥ⟩</td> <td>  </td> <td><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">h</span> ⟨h⟩</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-size: x-small"><a href="/wiki/Affrikat" class="mw-redirect" title="Affrikat">Affrikat</a> </th> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">ʦ</span> ⟨c⟩</td> <td>  </td> <td><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">ʧ</span> ⟨ĉ⟩</td> <td><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">ʤ</span> ⟨ĝ⟩ </td> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td colspan="2">  </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-size: x-small"><a href="/wiki/Lateral_approksimant" class="mw-redirect" title="Lateral approksimant">Lateral approksimant</a> </th> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">l</span> ⟨l⟩ </td> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td colspan="2">  </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-size: x-small"><a href="/wiki/Approksimant" title="Approksimant">Approksimant</a> </th> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">j</span> ⟨j⟩ </td> <td colspan="2">  </td> <td colspan="2">  </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Til højre vises <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stemt_konsonant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stemt konsonant (ikke skrevet endnu)">stemte</a>, til venstre ustemte konsonanter. </p><p>Et relativt stort antal konsonantkombinationer kan forekomme, op til tre initialt i ord og op til fire medialt, for eksempel i ordet <i>instrui</i>, at undervise. Konsonantkombinationer i slutning af ord er sjældne, undtagen når <i>o</i> elideres i poesi, samt i nogle få ord som <i>cent</i> (hundrede) og <i>post</i> (efter). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alfabet">Alfabet</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redigér afsnit: Alfabet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Alfabet"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Esperantos <a href="/wiki/Alfabet" title="Alfabet">alfabet</a> har 28 bogstaver: Aa, Bb, Cc, Ĉĉ, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Ĝĝ, Hh, Ĥĥ, Ii, Jj, Ĵĵ, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Rr, Ss, Ŝŝ, Tt, Uu, Ŭŭ, Vv, Zz. Sproget er <a href="/wiki/Fonetik" title="Fonetik">fonetisk</a>, hvilket vil sige at hvert bogstav altid lyder og staves ens.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ordforråd"><span id="Ordforr.C3.A5d"></span>Ordforråd</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Redigér afsnit: Ordforråd" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Ordforråd"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Esperantos ordforråd kommer overvejende fra europæiske sprog. Cirka 75 procent af ordforrådet kommer fra <a href="/wiki/Romanske_sprog" title="Romanske sprog">romanske sprog</a> og <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">latin</a>, cirka 20 procent fra <a href="/wiki/Germanske_sprog" title="Germanske sprog">germanske sprog</a>, hovedsagelig <a href="/wiki/Engelsk_(sprog)" title="Engelsk (sprog)">engelsk</a> og <a href="/wiki/Tysk_(sprog)" title="Tysk (sprog)">tysk</a>, og de øvrige 5 procent fra <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A6sk_(sprog)" title="Græsk (sprog)">græsk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slaviske_sprog" title="Slaviske sprog">slaviske sprog</a> og andre sprog. Ofte går esperantoord tilbage til beslægtede ordvarianter i flere sprog. I et antal tilfælde forekommer kompromisformer mellem forskellige sprogs varianter. I visse tilfælde er ordet modificeret for at undgå <a href="/w/index.php?title=Homonymi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Homonymi (ikke skrevet endnu)">homonymi</a>. </p><p>Eksempler: </p> <ul><li><b>fra latin og romanske sprog:</b> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">latin</a>:</b> <i>sed, tamen, okulo</i> ...(men, alligevel, øje)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Fransk_(sprog)" title="Fransk (sprog)">fransk</a>:</b> <i> dimanĉo, ĉe, frapi, ĉevalo </i> ...(søndag, hos, slå, hest)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Italiensk_(sprog)" title="Italiensk (sprog)">italiensk</a>:</b> <i> ĉielo, fari, voĉo</i> ...(himmel, at gøre, stemme)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Romanske_sprog" title="Romanske sprog">flere</a>:</b> <i>facila, fero, verda</i> ...(let, jern, grøn)</li></ul></li> <li><b>fra germanske sprog:</b> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Tysk_(sprog)" title="Tysk (sprog)">tysk</a>:</b> <i>baldaŭ, bedaŭri, nur</i> ...(snart, at beklage, kun)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Engelsk_(sprog)" title="Engelsk (sprog)">engelsk</a>:</b> <i>birdo, fajro, ŝarko</i> ...(fugl, ild, haj)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Dansk_(sprog)" title="Dansk (sprog)">dansk</a>/<a href="/wiki/Norsk_(sprog)" title="Norsk (sprog)">norsk</a>:</b> <i>ofte, skio, fjordo</i> (ofte, ski, fjord)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Germanske_sprog" title="Germanske sprog">flere</a>:</b> <i>bildo, fiŝo, fremda, hasti</i> (billede, fisk, fremmed, at skynde sig)</li></ul></li> <li><b>fra slaviske sprog</b>: <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Polsk_(sprog)" title="Polsk (sprog)">polsk</a>:</b> <i>ĉu, moŝto</i> ...([spørgepartikel], højhed)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Russisk_(sprog)" title="Russisk (sprog)">russisk</a>:</b> <i>serpo, vosto</i> ...(segl (redskab), hale)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Slaviske_sprog" title="Slaviske sprog">flere</a>:</b> <i>klopodi, krom, pravi</i> ...(at anstrenge sig, foruden, at have ret)</li></ul></li> <li><b>fra andre <a href="/wiki/Indoeurop%C3%A6iske_sprog" title="Indoeuropæiske sprog">indoeuropæiske sprog</a></b> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A6sk_(sprog)" title="Græsk (sprog)">græsk</a>:</b> <i>kaj, biologio, politiko</i> ...(og, biologi, politik)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Litauisk_(sprog)" title="Litauisk (sprog)">litauisk</a>:</b> <i>du, ju, tuj</i> ...(to, jo, straks)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>fra andre sprog</b> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Samisk" class="mw-redirect" title="Samisk">samisk</a>:</b> <i>boaco</i> ...(rensdyr)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Japansk" class="mw-redirect" title="Japansk">japansk</a>:</b> <i>hajko, utao, zeno</i> ...(<a href="/wiki/Haiku" title="Haiku">haiku</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uta (ikke skrevet endnu)">uta</a> (eng. waka), <a href="/wiki/Zen" class="mw-redirect" title="Zen">zen</a>) <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ungarsk" class="mw-redirect" title="Ungarsk">ungarsk</a>:</b> <i>Kiu</i> ...(hvem)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Orddannelse">Orddannelse</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Redigér afsnit: Orddannelse" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Orddannelse"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Esperanto har et meget produktivt system til at lave ord. Nye ord gives betydning med <a href="/wiki/Affiks" title="Affiks">affiks</a> og gennem sammensætning. Systemet med faste ordklasseendelser gør, at man af en omhyggeligt valgt rod kan lave flere ord, for eksempel kan af roden <i>vid</i> automatisk laves </p> <ul><li><i>vidi</i> "at se"</li> <li><i>vido</i> "syn"</li> <li><i>vida</i> "visuel, som har med syn at gøre"</li> <li><i>vide</i> "visuelt, med synet"</li></ul> <p>Desuden findes et antal leksikale <a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%A6fiks" title="Præfiks">præfikser</a> og <a href="/wiki/Suffiks" title="Suffiks">suffikser</a>, som føjes til roden for at give mere specielle betydninger. Et leksikalt suffiks indføjes mellem roden og ordklasseendelsen, for eksempel suffikset <i>ebl</i> i orden <i>videbla</i>, "synlig", og <i>videble</i>, "synligt". Præfikset sættes før roden og ændrer dets betydning, for eksempel præfikset <i>ek</i> i ordet <i>ekvidi</i> "få øje på". De leksikale affikser kan endda anvendes som rødder, hvor en grammatisk endelse tilføjes, for eksempel <i>ebla</i> (med adjektivendelsen -a), "mulig". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tabelord_(korrelativer)"><span id="Tabelord_.28korrelativer.29"></span>Tabelord (korrelativer)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Redigér afsnit: Tabelord (korrelativer)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Tabelord (korrelativer)"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De <a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrelativ&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Korrelativ (ikke skrevet endnu)">korrelative</a> ord laves i esperanto som et særskilt sæt, der kan opstilles som en <a href="/wiki/Tabel" title="Tabel">tabel</a>, og de kaldes derfor <i>tabelvortoj</i> "tabelord". De er ord, som anvendes for at stille og besvare spørgsmålene <i>hvad, hvor, hvornår, hvorfor, hvem, hvis, hvorledes, hvor meget,</i> og <i>hvordan</i>. Der findes ni endelser for disse ni spørgsmål, plus fem afledninger som modsvarer spørgende, påpegende, fornægtende etc. Gennem at lære sig disse 14 elementer, kan man talende benytte hele systemet af 45 biord og stedord. </p><p>Systemet kan sammenfattes i tabelform på følgende vis: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background-color:#E9F9E9;"> </td> <td style="background-color:#E9F9E9;"><b>ki-</b> <br /> spørgende (interrogativ) / henførende (relativ) </td> <td style="background-color:#E9F9E9;"><b>ti-</b> <br /> påpegende (demonstrativ) </td> <td style="background-color:#E9F9E9;"><b>i-</b> <br /> ubestemt </td> <td style="background-color:#E9F9E9;"><b>ĉi-</b> <br /> altomfattende </td> <td style="background-color:#E9F9E9;"><b>neni-</b> <br /> nægtende </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E9F9E9;"><b>-u</b> <br /> person, bestemt sag </td> <td><b>kiu</b> <br /> hvem, hvilken </td> <td><b>tiu</b> <br /> den, det </td> <td><b>iu</b> <br /> nogen </td> <td><b>ĉiu</b> <br /> enhver </td> <td><b>neniu</b> <br /> ingen </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E9F9E9;"><b>-o</b> <br /> ubestemt eller abstrakt sag </td> <td><b>kio</b> <br /> hvad </td> <td><b>tio</b> <br /> det </td> <td><b>io</b> <br /> noget </td> <td><b>ĉio</b> <br /> alt </td> <td><b>nenio</b> <br /> intet </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E9F9E9;"><b>-e</b> <br />sted </td> <td><b>kie</b> <br /> hvor </td> <td><b>tie</b> <br /> dér </td> <td><b>ie</b> <br /> et eller andet sted </td> <td><b>ĉie</b> <br /> overalt </td> <td><b>nenie</b> <br /> ingen steder </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E9F9E9;"><b>-am</b> <br /> tid </td> <td><b>kiam</b> <br /> hvornår </td> <td><b>tiam</b> <br /> da, dengang </td> <td><b>iam</b> <br /> engang </td> <td><b>ĉiam</b> <br /> altid </td> <td><b>neniam</b> <br /> aldrig </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E9F9E9;"><b>-a</b> <br /> egenskab, slags </td> <td><b>kia</b> <br /> hvordan, hvilken egenskab </td> <td><b>tia</b> <br /> sådan, den egenskab </td> <td><b>ia</b> <br /> en eller anden egenskab </td> <td><b>ĉia</b> <br /> al slags, enhver egenskab </td> <td><b>nenia</b> <br /> ingen egenskab </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E9F9E9;"><b>-el</b> <br /> måde </td> <td><b>kiel</b> <br /> hvorledes </td> <td><b>tiel</b> <br /> således </td> <td><b>iel</b> <br /> på en eller anden måde </td> <td><b>ĉiel</b> <br /> på enhver måde </td> <td><b>neniel</b> <br /> på ingen måde </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E9F9E9;"><b>-om</b> <br /> mængde </td> <td><b>kiom</b> <br /> hvor meget </td> <td><b>tiom</b> <br /> såmange </td> <td><b>iom</b> <br /> noget, en smule </td> <td><b>ĉiom</b> <br /> alt sammen </td> <td><b>neniom</b> <br /> intet somhelst </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E9F9E9;"><b>-al</b> <br /> årsag </td> <td><b>kial</b> <br /> hvorfor, af hvilken årsag </td> <td><b>tial</b> <br /> derfor </td> <td><b>ial</b> <br /> af en eller anden grund </td> <td><b>ĉial</b> <br /> af enhver årsag </td> <td><b>nenial</b> <br /> af ingen årsag </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E9F9E9;"><b>-es</b> <br /> besiddelse </td> <td><b>kies</b> <br /> hvis </td> <td><b>ties</b> <br /> dens, dets </td> <td><b>ies</b> <br /> nogens, en eller andens </td> <td><b>ĉies</b> <br /> enhvers, alles </td> <td><b>nenies</b> <br /> ingens </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>De korrelative ord som begynder med <i>ki-</i> fungerer både som spørgende stedord (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Interrogativ&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Interrogativ (ikke skrevet endnu)">interrogative</a> pronominer) og biord (adverbium) (<i>kie estas la domo?</i> "hvor er huset?") og som henførende stedord og biord (<i>la domo estas, kie la aliaj domoj estas</i> "huset er, hvor de andre huse er"), som på mange europæiske sprog. </p><p>De demonstrative stedord (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Demonstrativt_pronomen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demonstrativt pronomen (ikke skrevet endnu)">demonstrativt pronomen</a>) som ender på <i>-u</i> kan fungere både som grundled når de står sammen, som i <i>ĉiu</i> (hver og en), og som <a href="/w/index.php?title=Attribut_(sprog)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Attribut (sprog) (ikke skrevet endnu)">attribut</a> til et navneord, som i <i>ĉiu tago</i> (hver dag). </p><p><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Esperanto-samfundet">Esperanto-samfundet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Redigér afsnit: Esperanto-samfundet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Esperanto-samfundet"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geografi_og_demografi">Geografi og demografi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Redigér afsnit: Geografi og demografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Geografi og demografi"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:PS_mapo_2015.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/PS_mapo_2015.png/400px-PS_mapo_2015.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/PS_mapo_2015.png/600px-PS_mapo_2015.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/PS_mapo_2015.png/800px-PS_mapo_2015.png 2x" data-file-width="1023" data-file-height="579" /></a><figcaption>Et kort som viser mulige gæsteovernatningssteder i <a href="/wiki/Pasporta_Servo" title="Pasporta Servo">Pasporta Servo</a> i 2015</figcaption></figure> <p>Esperantotalende er mere talrige i <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a> og <a href="/wiki/%C3%98stasien" title="Østasien">Østasien</a> end på andre kontinenter, og mere talrige i byområder end i landdistrikter<sup id="cite_ref-Sikosek_2003_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sikosek_2003-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Esperanto har sin største udbredelse i de nordlige og østlige lande i Europa; i <a href="/wiki/Kina" title="Kina">Kina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea">Korea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> og <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> i Asien; i <a href="/wiki/Brasilien" title="Brasilien">Brasilien</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> og <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> på det amerikanske kontinent; og i <a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a> og <a href="/wiki/Madagaskar" title="Madagaskar">Madagaskar</a> i Afrika. </p><p>Der er lavet et estimat over antallet af esperantotalende af <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sidney_S._Culbert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sidney S. Culbert (ikke skrevet endnu)">Sidney S. Culbert</a>, en pensioneret <a href="/wiki/Psykologi" title="Psykologi">psykologiprofessor</a> ved <a href="/wiki/University_of_Washington" title="University of Washington">University of Washington</a> og esperantist. Han opsporede og testede esperantotalende i udvalgte områder i mange lande over en periode på 20 år. Culbert konkluderede at mellem en og to millioner mennesker taler esperanto på <a href="/w/index.php?title=ILR-niveau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ILR-niveau (ikke skrevet endnu)">ILR-niveau</a> 3 (En amerikansk skala for sprogbeherskelse. Niveau 3 er "professionel beherskelse": Dvs. at man kan kommunikere moderat komplekse ideer uden tøven, og følge taler, radioudsendelser osv.)<sup id="cite_ref-Culbert_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Culbert-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Culbets estimat var ikke kun lavet for esperanto, men udgjorde en del af hans oplistning af estimater for alle sprog med over 1 million talende som blev publiceret årligt i <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_World_Almanac_and_Book_of_Facts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The World Almanac and Book of Facts (ikke skrevet endnu)">The World Almanac and Book of Facts</a>, en udbredt amerikansk <a href="/wiki/Almanak" title="Almanak">almanak</a>. Culberts mest detaljerede redegørelse for sine undersøgelser findes i et brev fra 1989 til David Wolf. Da Culbert aldrig offentliggjorde delresultater for de undersøgte lande og regioner, er det vanskeligt at bedømme nøjagtigheden af hans resultater. </p><p>I almanakken blev hans estimater for antallet af esperantotalende afrundet til hele millioner, så tallet blev vist som 2 millioner. Det tal findes også i <i><a href="/wiki/Ethnologue" title="Ethnologue">Ethnologue</a></i>. Hvis man antager at det tal er rigtigt, betyder det at omkring 0,03 % af verdens befolkning kan tale esperanto. Det er langt fra Zamenhofs mål om et universelt hjælpesprog, men det er en udbredelse som er uden sidestykke blandt andre konstruerede sprog. </p><p>Ethnologue angiver også at der er mellem 200 og 2000 mennesker som har <a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto_som_modersm%C3%A5l&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Esperanto som modersmål (ikke skrevet endnu)">esperanto som modersmål</a> da de har lært sproget fra fødslen fra deres esperantotalende forældre. Det sker når esperanto er familiesproget i en international familie eller nogle gange i en familie med passionerede esperantister. </p><p>Marcus Sikosek har betvivlet Culberts resultater. Sikosek har beregnet at hvis de esperantotalende var jævnt fordelt over Jorden, ville der med 1 million esperantotalende i verden være 180 i <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B8ln" class="mw-redirect" title="Køln">Køln</a> i <a href="/wiki/Tyskland" title="Tyskland">Tyskland</a>. Men han fandt kun 30 som talte flydende esperanto i byen, og tilsvarende fandt han lavere tal end forventet adskillige andre steder som ellers kunne forventes at have en højere end gennemsnitlig koncentration af esperantotalende. Sikosek bemærker også der i alt er omkring 20.000 medlemmer af forskellige esperantoorganisationer (andre skøn over dette er højere). Selv om der utvivlsomt er mange esperantotalende som er uorganiserede, mener han at det er usandsynligt at der er 50 gange flere talende end organisationsmedlemmer.<sup id="cite_ref-Sikosek_2003_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sikosek_2003-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Andre mener at dette forhold mellem medlemmer af den organiserede esperantobevægelse og talere af sproget ikke er usandsynlig. </p><p>Den <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">finske</a> <a href="/wiki/Lingvist" class="mw-redirect" title="Lingvist">lingvist</a> Jouko Lindstedt, en ekspert vedr. esperanto som modersmål, har givet følgende tal:<sup id="cite_ref-Lindstedt_1996_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lindstedt_1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> til at vise proportionerne for sprogkundskaber i esperantosamfundet: </p> <ul><li><i>1.000 har Esperanto som modersmål</i></li> <li><i>10.000 kan tale det flydende</i></li> <li><i>100.000 kan bruge det aktivt</i></li> <li><i>1.000.000 kan passivt forstå meget</i></li> <li><i>10.000.000 har til en vis grad lært det på et tidspunkt.</i></li></ul> <p>Med fraværet af Culberts detaljerede stikprøvedata eller andre tællinger er det umuligt med sikkerhed at give antallet af esperantotalende. Men det er sandsynligvis kun få iagttagere som vil bestride følgende påstand fra <a href="/wiki/UEA" title="UEA">Verdenesperantoforbundets</a> webside: </p> <dl><dd>Antallet af solgte lærebøger og medlemskabet i lokale klubber sætter antallet af mennesker med nogen kendskab til sproget til hundredtusinder og måske millioner.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Holdninger_til_esperanto">Holdninger til esperanto</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Redigér afsnit: Holdninger til esperanto" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Holdninger til esperanto"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Typiske_argumenter_for_esperanto">Typiske argumenter for esperanto</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Redigér afsnit: Typiske argumenter for esperanto" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Typiske argumenter for esperanto"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>Esperanto</b> er et <a href="/wiki/Sprog" title="Sprog">sprog</a> der er lavet specielt for at <a href="/wiki/Folkeslag" title="Folkeslag">folk</a> med forskellige modersmål kan kommunikere gnidningsfrit med hinanden. Esperanto har været brugt i praksis i mere end hundrede år, og har udviklet sig til et modent og nuanceret sprog.</li></ul> <ul><li>På udlandsrejser kan man benytte sig af "<a href="/wiki/Pasporta_Servo" title="Pasporta Servo">Pasporta Servo</a>" – en fortegnelse med over 1000 adresser i 60 lande over folk, der taler esperanto og tilbyder gratis overnatning.</li></ul> <ul><li>Der afholdes mange internationale arrangementer i forbindelse med esperanto, som f.eks. <a href="/wiki/Esperantoverdenskongressen" title="Esperantoverdenskongressen">Esperantoverdenskongressen</a> eller den <a href="/w/index.php?title=Internationale_Ungdomskongres&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Internationale Ungdomskongres (ikke skrevet endnu)">Internationale Ungdomskongres</a>. De store internationale møder holdes et nyt sted hvert gang, og kan have tusindvis af deltagere.</li></ul> <ul><li>Esperanto tilhører ikke et bestemt land eller folk, og giver derfor ikke fordele til nogen frem for andre. Enhver der taler esperanto har de samme rettigheder over det, og sproget kan således være et bindeled mellem vidt forskellige kulturer, på en måde som etniske sprog kun vanskeligt kan opnå. (Eksempelvis vil en kineser der taler engelsk med en amerikaner, som regel være kommunikativt underlegen, mens amerikaneren på sin side ikke slipper fri fra det etnocentriske <a href="/wiki/Verdensbillede" title="Verdensbillede">verdensbillede</a> som et modersmål i mange tilfælde vil være med til at strukturere.)</li></ul> <ul><li>Esperanto har en enkel og logisk grammatik, en fleksibel ord- og sætningsopbygning, og et ordforråd der bygger på hvad der for mange i forvejen er kendt (internationale rødder a la <i>demokrati</i>). Alt dette tilsammen gør det hurtigere at tilegne sig end de fleste andre fremmedsprog – måske ti gange hurtigere end engelsk eller tysk, ifølge enkelte videnskabelige undersøgelser.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Typiske_argumenter_imod_esperanto">Typiske argumenter imod esperanto</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Redigér afsnit: Typiske argumenter imod esperanto" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Typiske argumenter imod esperanto"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Selvom sproget tales af mange tusinde, er der intet lokalsamfund hvor man som tilrejsende med sikkerhed kan finde mere end en ubetydelig <i>andel</i> af befolkningen med kendskab til sproget.</li></ul> <ul><li>I praksis er det <a href="/wiki/Engelsk_(sprog)" title="Engelsk (sprog)">engelsk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spansk_(sprog)" title="Spansk (sprog)">spansk</a> og andre etniske sprog der har fået rollen som <i><a href="/wiki/Lingua_franca" title="Lingua franca">lingua franca</a></i>. Modstandere af esperanto mener at man kan opnå større mellemfolkelig kommunikation og forståelse ved at lære sig et af de traditionelle verdenssprog. (Det skal dog bemærkes at de fleste esperantomodstandere allerede igennem flere år har lært engelsk i skolen og således ikke reelt står over for et valg om at skulle lære det ene eller det andet sprog. – Et eksempel på en uheldig konsekvens af de nuværende verdenssprogs dominans, er det <a href="/wiki/Irsk_(sprog)" title="Irsk (sprog)">irske sprog</a>, som i dag ved at blive glemt, fordi engelsk tales af alle i Irland.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</li></ul> <ul><li>Esperantos neutralitet er også omstridt. Sprogets ordforråd stammer hovedsageligt fra <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">europæiske</a> sprog, og derfor kan sproget siges at "diskriminere" personer med modersmål der ikke er <a href="/wiki/Indoeurop%C3%A6isk" class="mw-redirect" title="Indoeuropæisk">indoeuropæiske</a>.</li></ul> <ul><li>Enkelte <a href="/wiki/Feminisme" title="Feminisme">feminister</a> har beskyldt esperanto for at være sexistisk, da det (til dels ligesom <a href="/wiki/Tysk_(sprog)" title="Tysk (sprog)">tysk</a>) bruger endelsen <i>-in-</i> til at danne hunkønsformer af basisbetegnelser for levende væsner, der som regel er hankøn: <i>profesoro</i>, <i>profesorino</i>; <i>bovo</i> "tyr", <i>bovino</i> "ko"; <i>frato</i> "broder", <i>fratino</i> "søster". (Der er dog en tendens i sproget til at mange personbenævnelser er ved at blive kønsneutrale, således at fx <i>instruisto</i> både kan betyde "(mandlig) lærer" og "lærer(inde)".)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Et_eksempel">Et eksempel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Redigér afsnit: Et eksempel" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Et eksempel"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bønnen <a href="/wiki/Fader_vor" title="Fader vor">fader vor</a> på esperanto: </p> <em><blockquote> <p>Patro nia, kiu estas en la ĉielo, <br /> Via nomo estu sanktigita. <br /> Venu Via regno, <br /> plenumiĝu Via volo, <br /> kiel en la ĉielo, tiel ankaŭ sur la tero. <br /> Panon nian ĉiutagan donu al ni hodiaŭ. <br /> Kaj pardonu al ni niajn ŝuldojn, <br /> kiel ankaŭ ni pardonas al niaj ŝuldantoj. <br /> Kaj ne konduku nin en tenton, <br /> sed liberigu nin de la malbono. <br /> Por via la regno estas kaj la povo kaj la honoro. En eono. Amen<br /> </p> </blockquote></em> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_også"><span id="Se_ogs.C3.A5"></span>Se også</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Redigér afsnit: Se også" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Se også"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="" style="width: 35%; float: right; margin: 0 auto; border-collapse: collapse; background: #FBFBFB; border: 1px solid #aaa; border-left: 10px solid #660066;padding: 0.25em 0.5em;"> <tbody><tr><td style="padding: 0.25em 0.5em;"><span class="metadata"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/35px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/53px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/70px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a></span></span></td><td style="width:100%"><b>Wikipedia på esperanto</b><br /><div style="font-size:85%;line-height:135%;"><div style="font-size: 114%;">Der findes også en <a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="eo:">Wikipedia på esperanto</a>.</div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antoni_Grabowski" title="Antoni Grabowski">Antoni Grabowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esperantoforeningen_for_Danmark" title="Esperantoforeningen for Danmark">DEA</a>, Danmarks nationale esperanto-organisation</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DEJO&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DEJO (ikke skrevet endnu)">DEJO</a>, ungdomsforening for danske esperantister</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duolingo" title="Duolingo">Duolingo</a>, en app hvor blandt andet esperanto kan læres</li> <li><a href="/wiki/UEA" title="UEA">UEA</a>, den globale esperanto-organisation</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencer">Referencer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Redigér afsnit: Referencer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: Referencer"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r11780210">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-e18-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-e18_1-0">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r11752076">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/language/epo">"Esperanto"</a> (20th udgave). Ethnologue. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140523142746/http://www.ethnologue.com/language/epo">Arkiveret</a> fra originalen 23. maj 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Hentet 6. oktober 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Esperanto&rft.edition=20th&rft.pub=Ethnologue&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ethnologue.com%2Flanguage%2Fepo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fda.wikipedia.org%3AEsperanto" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lindstedt_1996-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lindstedt_1996_2-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lindstedt_1996_2-1"><sup>b</sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lindstedt, Jouko. "Re: Kiom?" (posting). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.helsinki.fi/~jslindst/denask-l.html">DENASK-L@helsinki.fi</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110507110433/http://www.helsinki.fi/%7Ejslindst/denask-l.html">Arkiveret</a> 7. maj 2011 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/22._april" title="22. april">22. april</a> <a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hh-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-hh_3-0">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Harald Haarmann, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304230135/http://fischer-zim.ch/esperanto/lingvaj-temoj/haarmann--leksikono-eo.htm">Eta leksikono pri lingvoj</a></i>, 2011, archive date 2016-03-04: <i>Esperanto … estas lernata ankaŭ de pluraj miloj da homoj en la mondo kiel gepatra lingvo.</i> ("Esperanto has also been learned by several thousand people in the world as a mother tongue.")</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jl-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-jl_4-0">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jouko Lindstedt, Jouko, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303174639/http://www.helsinki.fi/~jslindst/odo.html">Oftaj demandoj pri denaskaj Esperant‑lingvanoj</a></i> ("Frequently asked questions about native Esperanto speakers"), archive date 2016-03-03.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lernu.net/esperanto">Kio estas Esperanto? - lernu.net</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dette afsnit er baseret på <a class="external text" href="https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&oldid=9855357#Lexik">tysksprogede Wikipedia, artikel <i>Esperanto</i>, afsnit <i>Lexik</i>, 10 oktober 2005</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dette afsnit er baseret på <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Esperanto_vocabulary&oldid=24254823#Correlative_particles">engelskspråkiga Wikipedias artikel <i>Esperanto_vocabulary</i>, avsnittet <i>Correlative_particles</i> oktober 2005</a> og <a class="external text" href="https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Esperanto_%28Grundlagen%29&oldid=9860735#Die_Tabellw.C3.B6rter">tyskspråkiga Wikipedias artikel <i>Esperanto (Grundlagen)</i>, avsnittet <i>Die Tabellwörter</i> oktober 2005</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sikosek_2003-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sikosek_2003_8-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sikosek_2003_8-1"><sup>b</sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sikosek, Ziko M. <i>Esperanto Sen Mitoj</i> ("Esperanto uden myter"). 2. udgave. Antverpen: Flandra Esperanto-Ligo, 2003.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Culbert-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Culbert_9-0">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Culbert, Sidney S. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.panix.com/~dwolff/docs/">Tre breve om hans metoder til at estimere antallet af esperantotalende</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110514105444/http://www.panix.com/~dwolff/docs/">Arkiveret</a> 14. maj 2011 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, skannet og klargjort af David Wolff</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Seán Ó Riain (2001): The EU and the Irish Language: Identity and Linguistic Diversity.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kilder">Kilder</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Redigér afsnit: Kilder" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: Kilder"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hjort, E., Knudsen, L. & Larsen, J. S. (2005): <i>Esperanto-nyt</i>, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0907-8924">0907-8924</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_henvisninger">Eksterne henvisninger</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Redigér afsnit: Eksterne henvisninger" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne henvisninger"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="" style="width: 35%; float: right; margin: 0 auto; border-collapse: collapse; background: #FBFBFB; border: 1px solid #aaa; border-left: 10px solid #660066;padding: 0.25em 0.5em;"> <tbody><tr><td style="padding: 0.25em 0.5em;"><span class="metadata"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/35px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/53px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/70px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a></span></span></td><td style="width:100%"><b>Søsterprojekter med yderligere information:</b><br /><div style="font-size:85%;line-height:135%;"><ul style="list-style:none"><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/38px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Esperanto" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Esperanto">Kategorien "Esperanto"</a> på <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a></li><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/25px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/38px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/50px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> <a href="https://da.wikibooks.org/wiki/Esperanto" class="extiw" title="b:Esperanto">Opslagsværker</a> fra <a href="/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks">Wikibooks</a></li> </ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://esperanto.net/info/baza_da.html">ESPERANTO? Hvad er det?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20031219104828/http://www.esperanto.net/info/baza_da.html">Arkiveret</a> 19. december 2003 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://esperanto.net/info/index_da.html">Esperanto-Informationer</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20031208175019/http://www.esperanto.net/info/index_da.html">Arkiveret</a> 8. december 2003 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> i World Wide Web</li></ul> <p>Foreninger: </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.esperanto.dk/">DEA, Esperantoforeningen for Danmark</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040522213447/http://www.esperanto.dk/">Arkiveret</a> 22. maj 2004 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dejo.dk/">DEJO, Dansk Esperanto Ungdomsforening</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040614015421/http://www.dejo.dk/">Arkiveret</a> 14. juni 2004 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <p>Kurser: </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.duolingo.com/course/eo/en/Learn-Esperanto">Duolingo</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190320210103/https://www.duolingo.com/course/eo/en/Learn-Esperanto">Arkiveret</a> 20. marts 2019 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> - Esperanto-sprogkursus (på engelsk)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lernu.net/">Lernu!</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140521023152/http://lernu.net/">Arkiveret</a> 21. maj 2014 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – flersproget kursussted</li> <li><a href="https://da.wikibooks.org/wiki/Esperanto" class="extiw" title="b:Esperanto">Esperanto på Wikibooks</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r11759279">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85044883">sh85044883</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4015543-2">4015543-2</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11941391w">cb11941391w</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11941391w">(data)</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_Dictionary_of_Switzerland" class="mw-redirect" title="Historical Dictionary of Switzerland">HDS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/f/F024597.php">024597</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationale_parlamentsbibliotek" title="Nationale parlamentsbibliotek">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00562049">00562049</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tjekkisk_nationalbibliotek" title="Tjekkisk nationalbibliotek">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph114485&CON_LNG=ENG">ph114485</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaniens_nationalbibliotek" title="Spaniens nationalbibliotek">BNE</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX527298">XX527298</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Den_Store_Danske_Encyklop%C3%A6di" title="Den Store Danske Encyklopædi">DSD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//denstoredanske.lex.dk/esperanto">esperanto</a></span></li></ul> 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