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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width; initial-scale=1"/><title>Strong's Greek: 4147. πλουτέω (plouteó) -- To be rich, to become wealthy, to abound in material or spiritual riches.</title></title><link rel="canonical" href="http://biblehub.com/greek/4147.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/strongsnew2.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/print.css" type="text/css" media="Print" /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-LR4HSKRP2H"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-LR4HSKRP2H'); </script><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/interlinear/vmenus/hebrews/2-2.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="//biblehu.com/bmstrongs/greek/4147.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/strongs.htm">Strong's</a> > <a href="/englishmans_greek.htm">Greek</a> > 4147</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="../greek/4146.htm" title="4146">◄</a> 4147. plouteó <a href="../greek/4148.htm" title="4148">►</a></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheading">Strong's Lexicon</div><div align="left"><span class="toptitle2">plouteó: To be rich, to become wealthy, to abound in material or spiritual riches.</span></div><p><span class="tophdg">Original Word: </span><span class="greek">πλουτέω</span><br><span class="tophdg">Part of Speech: </span>Verb<br><span class="tophdg">Transliteration: </span>plouteó<br><span class="tophdg">Pronunciation: </span>ploo-teh'-o<br><span class="tophdg">Phonetic Spelling: </span>(ploo-teh'-o)<br><span class="tophdg">Definition: </span>To be rich, to become wealthy, to abound in material or spiritual riches.<br><span class="tophdg">Meaning: </span>I become rich, am rich, abound in.<p><span class="tophdg">Word Origin: </span>Derived from πλοῦτος (ploutos), meaning "wealth" or "riches."<p><span class="tophdg">Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: </span> - <b>H6238 (עָשַׁר, ashar):</b> To be or become rich, to gain wealth.<p> - <b>H1952 (הוֹן, hon):</b> Wealth, riches.<p><span class="tophdg">Usage: </span>The verb "plouteó" primarily refers to the state of possessing wealth or becoming wealthy. In the New Testament, it is used both in the context of material wealth and spiritual abundance. The term can denote the physical accumulation of riches or the richness of spiritual blessings and virtues.<p><span class="tophdg">Cultural and Historical Background: </span>In the Greco-Roman world, wealth was often seen as a sign of divine favor and social status. However, the New Testament presents a nuanced view of wealth, emphasizing the dangers of materialism and the importance of spiritual riches. The early Christian community was encouraged to seek spiritual wealth over material possessions, reflecting the teachings of Jesus about the kingdom of God and the transient nature of earthly riches.<div class="vheading2">HELPS Word-studies</div><p class="discovery"><b>Cognate: 4147</b> <i>ploutéō</i> – be <i>rich</i>, having many resources. <a href="/greek/4145.htm">See 4145</a> (<i>plousios</i>).</p><p class="discovery">(Rev 3:17) The Laodiceans had success in banking, trade, and commerce – but their <i>spiritual</i> lives paid <i>low spiritual</i> dividends (yields)! The Laodiceans were too highly motivated (conscientious) about <i>earthly</i> matters, and lacked real <i>spiritual</i> commitment for wise prioritizing.</p><iframe width="100%" height="85" scrolling=no src="/discovery.htm" frameborder=0 cellpadding=0></iframe><div class="vheading2">NAS Exhaustive Concordance</div><span class="hdg">Word Origin</span><br>from <a href="/greek/4149.htm">ploutos</a><br><span class="hdg">Definition</span><br>to be rich<br><span class="hdg">NASB Translation</span><br>abounding in riches (1), become rich (4), become wealthy (1), get rich (1), rich (5).<p><div align="center"><span class="smalltext"><iframe width="100%" height="85" scrolling=no src="/nasec.htm" frameborder=0 cellpadding=0></iframe></span></div><div class="vheading2">Thayer's Greek Lexicon</div><span class="maintitle">STRONGS NT 4147: πλουτέω</span><br><br><span class="arttitle"><span class="grktitle">πλουτέω</span></span>, <span class="greek2">πλούτῳ</span>; 1 aorist <span class="greek2">ἐπλούτησα</span>; perfect <span class="greek2">πεπλούτηκα</span>; (<span class="greek2">πλοῦτος</span>); from <span class="abbreviation">Hesiod</span> down; the <span class="manuref">Sept.</span> sometimes for <span class="hebrew">עָשַׁר</span>; <p><span class="emphasized">a.</span> <span class="accented">to be rich, to have abundance</span>: properly, of outward possessions, absolutely, <a href="/interlinear/luke/1-53.htm">Luke 1:53</a>; <a href="/interlinear/1_timothy/6-9.htm">1 Timothy 6:9</a>; 1 aorist <span class="accented">I have been made rich, hate become rich, have gotten riches</span> (on this use of the aorist see <span class="greek2"><span class="lexref">βασιλεύω</span></span>, at the end), <span class="greek2">ἀπό</span> <span class="greek2">τίνος</span>, <a href="/interlinear/revelation/18-15.htm">Revelation 18:15</a> (Sir. 11:18; (cf. <span class="greek2"><span class="lexref">ἀπό</span></span>, II. 2 a.)); also <span class="greek2">ἐκ</span> <span class="greek2">τίνος</span> (see <span class="greek2"><span class="lexref">ἐκ</span></span>, II. 5), <a href="/interlinear/revelation/18-3.htm">Revelation 18:3, 19</a>; <span class="greek2">ἐν</span> <span class="greek2">τίνι</span> (cf. <span class="abbreviation">Winer</span>'s Grammar, § 30, 8 b. note; the Greeks say <span class="greek2">πλουτεῖν</span> <span class="greek2">τίνος</span>, or <span class="greek2">τίνι</span>, or <span class="greek2">τί</span>), <a href="/interlinear/1_timothy/6-18.htm">1 Timothy 6:18</a>. <p><span class="emphasized">b.</span> metaphorically, <span class="accented">to be richly supplied</span>: <span class="greek2">πλουτεῖν</span> <span class="greek2">εἰς</span> <span class="greek2">πάντας</span>, is affluent in resources so that he can give the blessings of salvation unto all, <a href="/interlinear/romans/10-12.htm">Romans 10:12</a>; <span class="greek2">πλουτεῖν</span> <span class="greek2">εἰς</span> <span class="greek2">Θεόν</span> (see <span class="greek2"><span class="lexref">εἰς</span></span>, B. II. 2 b. <span class="greek2">α</span>.), <a href="/interlinear/luke/12-21.htm">Luke 12:21</a>; aorist <span class="greek2">ἐπλούτησα</span>, absolutely, <span class="accented">I became rich,</span> i. e. obtained the eternal spiritual possessions: <a href="/interlinear/1_corinthians/4-8.htm">1 Corinthians 4:8</a>; <a href="/interlinear/2_corinthians/8-9.htm">2 Corinthians 8:9</a>; <a href="/interlinear/revelation/3-18.htm">Revelation 3:18</a>; <span class="greek2">πεπλούτηκα</span>, I have gotten riches, <a href="/interlinear/revelation/3-17.htm">Revelation 3:17</a>.<FOOTNOTE:1> <br><br><iframe width="100%" height="85" scrolling=no src="/bsoft.htm" frameborder=0 cellpadding=0></iframe><div class="vheading2">Strong's Exhaustive Concordance</div>be rich. <p>From <a href="/greek/4148.htm">ploutizo</a>; to be (or become) wealthy (literally or figuratively) -- be increased with goods, (be made, wax) rich. <p>see GREEK <a href="/greek/4148.htm">ploutizo</a> <div class="vheading2">Forms and Transliterations</div>επλουτησαν επλούτησαν ἐπλούτησαν επλουτησατε επλουτήσατε ἐπλουτήσατε επλούτησεν πεπλουτηκα πεπλούτηκα πεπλουτήκαμεν πλουτειν πλουτείν πλουτεῖν πλουτήσαι πλουτησαντες πλουτήσαντες πλουτήσει πλουτήση πλουτησης πλουτήσης πλουτήσῃς πλουτησητε πλουτήσητε πλουτιεί πλουτουντας πλουτούντας πλουτοῦντας πλουτων πλουτών πλουτῶν eploutesan eploutēsan eploútesan eploútēsan eploutesate eploutēsate eploutḗsate peplouteka peploutēka peploúteka peploútēka ploutein plouteîn ploutesantes ploutēsantes ploutḗsantes ploutḗseis ploutḗsēis plouteses ploutēsēs ploutesete ploutēsēte ploutḗsete ploutḗsēte plouton ploutôn ploutōn ploutō̂n ploutountas ploutoûntas<div class="vheading2">Links</div><a href="/interlinear/matthew/1-1.htm">Interlinear Greek</a> • <a href="/interlinear/genesis/1-1.htm">Interlinear Hebrew</a> • <a href="/strongs.htm">Strong's Numbers</a> • <a href="/englishmans_greek.htm">Englishman's Greek Concordance</a> • <a href="/englishmans_hebrew.htm">Englishman's Hebrew Concordance</a> • <a href="/texts/matthew/1-1.htm">Parallel Texts</a></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><div class="vheading">Englishman's Concordance</div><b><a href="/text/luke/1-53.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Luke 1:53</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Present Participle Active - Accusative Masculine Plural">V-PPA-AMP</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/luke/1.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">ἀγαθῶν καὶ <b>πλουτοῦντας</b> ἐξαπέστειλεν κενούς</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/luke/1.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> And sent away <span class="itali">the rich</span> empty-handed.<br><a href="/kjvs/luke/1.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> and <span class="itali">the rich</span> he hath sent<br><a href="/interlinear/luke/1-53.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> with good things and <span class="itali">[the] rich</span> he sent away empty<p><b><a href="/text/luke/12-21.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Luke 12:21</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular">V-PPA-NMS</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/luke/12.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">εἰς θεὸν <b>πλουτῶν</b> </span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/luke/12.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> for himself, <span class="itali">and is not rich</span> toward<br><a href="/kjvs/luke/12.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> is not <span class="itali">rich</span> toward God.<br><a href="/interlinear/luke/12-21.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> toward God <span class="itali">is rich</span><p><b><a href="/text/romans/10-12.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Romans 10:12</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular">V-PPA-NMS</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/romans/10.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">κύριος πάντων <b>πλουτῶν</b> εἰς πάντας</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/romans/10.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> of all, <span class="itali">abounding in riches</span> for all<br><a href="/kjvs/romans/10.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> Lord over all <span class="itali">is rich</span> unto all<br><a href="/interlinear/romans/10-12.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> Lord of all <span class="itali">[is] rich</span> toward all<p><b><a href="/text/1_corinthians/4-8.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">1 Corinthians 4:8</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 2nd Person Plural">V-AIA-2P</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/1_corinthians/4.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">ἐστέ ἤδη <b>ἐπλουτήσατε</b> χωρὶς ἡμῶν</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/1_corinthians/4.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> you have already <span class="itali">become rich,</span> you have become<br><a href="/kjvs/1_corinthians/4.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> now <span class="itali">ye are rich,</span> ye have reigned as kings<br><a href="/interlinear/1_corinthians/4-8.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> you are already <span class="itali">you were enriched</span> apart from us<p><b><a href="/text/2_corinthians/8-9.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">2 Corinthians 8:9</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 2nd Person Plural">V-ASA-2P</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/2_corinthians/8.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">ἐκείνου πτωχείᾳ <b>πλουτήσητε</b> </span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/2_corinthians/8.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> that you through His poverty <span class="itali">might become rich.</span><br><a href="/kjvs/2_corinthians/8.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> through his poverty <span class="itali">might be rich.</span><br><a href="/interlinear/2_corinthians/8-9.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> of that poverty <span class="itali">might be enriched</span><p><b><a href="/text/1_timothy/6-9.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">1 Timothy 6:9</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Present Infinitive Active">V-PNA</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/1_timothy/6.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">δὲ βουλόμενοι <b>πλουτεῖν</b> ἐμπίπτουσιν εἰς</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/1_timothy/6.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> who want <span class="itali">to get rich</span> fall<br><a href="/kjvs/1_timothy/6.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> But they that will <span class="itali">be rich</span> fall into<br><a href="/interlinear/1_timothy/6-9.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> moreover desiring <span class="itali">to be rich</span> fall into<p><b><a href="/text/1_timothy/6-18.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">1 Timothy 6:18</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Present Infinitive Active">V-PNA</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/1_timothy/6.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">ἀγαθοεργεῖν <b>πλουτεῖν</b> ἐν ἔργοις</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/1_timothy/6.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> [Instruct them] to do good, <span class="itali">to be rich</span> in good<br><a href="/kjvs/1_timothy/6.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> That they do good, <span class="itali">that they be rich</span> in<br><a href="/interlinear/1_timothy/6-18.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> to do good <span class="itali">to be rich</span> in works<p><b><a href="/text/revelation/3-17.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Revelation 3:17</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular">V-RIA-1S</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/revelation/3.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">εἰμι καὶ <b>πεπλούτηκα</b> καὶ οὐδὲν</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/revelation/3.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> rich, <span class="itali">and have become wealthy,</span> and have<br><a href="/kjvs/revelation/3.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> and <span class="itali">increased with goods,</span> and<br><a href="/interlinear/revelation/3-17.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> I am and <span class="itali">have grown rich</span> and of nothing<p><b><a href="/text/revelation/3-18.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Revelation 3:18</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 2nd Person Singular">V-ASA-2S</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/revelation/3.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">πυρὸς ἵνα <b>πλουτήσῃς</b> καὶ ἱμάτια</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/revelation/3.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> so <span class="itali">that you may become rich,</span> and white<br><a href="/kjvs/revelation/3.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> that <span class="itali">thou mayest be rich;</span> and<br><a href="/interlinear/revelation/3-18.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> fire that <span class="itali">you might be rich</span> and garments<p><b><a href="/text/revelation/18-3.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Revelation 18:3</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural">V-AIA-3P</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/revelation/18.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">στρήνους αὐτῆς <b>ἐπλούτησαν</b> </span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/revelation/18.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> of the earth <span class="itali">have become rich</span> by the wealth<br><a href="/kjvs/revelation/18.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> of the earth <span class="itali">are waxed rich</span> through<br><a href="/interlinear/revelation/18-3.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> luxury of her <span class="itali">were enriched</span><p><b><a href="/text/revelation/18-15.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Revelation 18:15</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural">V-APA-NMP</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/revelation/18.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">τούτων οἱ <b>πλουτήσαντες</b> ἀπ' αὐτῆς</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/revelation/18.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> of these things, <span class="itali">who became rich</span> from her, will stand<br><a href="/kjvs/revelation/18.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> which <span class="itali">were made rich</span> by<br><a href="/interlinear/revelation/18-15.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> of these things <span class="itali">having been enriched</span> from her<p><b><a href="/text/revelation/18-19.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Revelation 18:19</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural">V-AIA-3P</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/revelation/18.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">ἐν ᾗ <b>ἐπλούτησαν</b> πάντες οἱ</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/revelation/18.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> at sea <span class="itali">became rich</span> by her wealth,<br><a href="/kjvs/revelation/18.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> wherein <span class="itali">were made rich</span> all<br><a href="/interlinear/revelation/18-19.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> in which <span class="itali">were enriched</span> all who<p><b><a href="/greek/4147.htm">Strong's Greek 4147</a><br><a href="/greek/strongs_4147.htm">12 Occurrences</a></b><br><br><a href="/greek/eploute_san_4147.htm">ἐπλούτησαν — 2 Occ.</a><br><a href="/greek/eploute_sate_4147.htm">ἐπλουτήσατε — 1 Occ.</a><br><a href="/greek/peploute_ka_4147.htm">πεπλούτηκα — 1 Occ.</a><br><a href="/greek/ploute_santes_4147.htm">πλουτήσαντες — 1 Occ.</a><br><a href="/greek/ploute_se_s_4147.htm">πλουτήσῃς — 1 Occ.</a><br><a href="/greek/ploute_se_te_4147.htm">πλουτήσητε — 1 Occ.</a><br><a href="/greek/ploutein_4147.htm">πλουτεῖν — 2 Occ.</a><br><a href="/greek/plouto_n_4147.htm">πλουτῶν — 2 Occ.</a><br><a href="/greek/ploutountas_4147.htm">πλουτοῦντας — 1 Occ.</a><br><br></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script><br /><br /> </div> <div id="left"><a href="/greek/4146.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="4146"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="4146" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/greek/4148.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="4148"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="4148" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhchap.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>