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class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Production subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Production-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Conception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Conception </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Writing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Writing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Writing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Writing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Development_and_pre-production" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Development_and_pre-production"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Development and pre-production </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Development_and_pre-production-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Casting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Casting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Casting </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Casting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Filming" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filming"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Filming </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Filming-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-production" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-production"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Post-production </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-production-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 Music </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Design" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Design"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Design </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Design-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Design subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Design-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Stunts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stunts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Stunts </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stunts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Special_effects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Special_effects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Special effects </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Special_effects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Visuals_and_sound" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Visuals_and_sound"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Visuals and sound </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Visuals_and_sound-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Release" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Release"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Release </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Release-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Release subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Release-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Context" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Context"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Context </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Context-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Box_office" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Box_office"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Box office </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Box_office-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Reception </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Reception-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Reception subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Critical_response" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Critical_response"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Critical response </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Critical_response-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_and_accolades" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_and_accolades"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Awards and accolades </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_accolades-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-release" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-release"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Post-release </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Post-release-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Post-release subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Post-release-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Home_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Home_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Home media </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Home_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Other media </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Themes_and_analysis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Themes_and_analysis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Themes and analysis </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Themes_and_analysis-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Themes and analysis subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Themes_and_analysis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rejection_of_Nazism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rejection_of_Nazism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Rejection of Nazism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rejection_of_Nazism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cinematic_homage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cinematic_homage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Cinematic homage </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cinematic_homage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sociology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sociology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Sociology </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sociology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Legacy </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Legacy subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cultural_influence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultural_influence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Cultural influence </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultural_influence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Critical_reassessment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Critical_reassessment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Critical reassessment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Critical_reassessment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sequels_and_spin-offs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sequels_and_spin-offs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Sequels and spin-offs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sequels_and_spin-offs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Footnotes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1 Citations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works_cited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works_cited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.2 Works cited </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works_cited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Raiders of the Lost Ark</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 62 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-62" aria-hidden="true" > 62 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B9_(%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%85)" title="سارقو التابوت الضائع (فيلم) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سارقو التابوت الضائع (فيلم)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark" title="Raiders of the Lost Ark – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Raiders of the Lost Ark" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark" title="Raiders of the Lost Ark – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Raiders of the Lost Ark" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B3_%D8%AE%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%88%DA%86%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="مقدس خزینه اووچولاری – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="مقدس خزینه اووچولاری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AC_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95" title="রাইডার্স অব দ্য লস্ট আর্ক – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রাইডার্স অব দ্য লস্ট আর্ক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%87%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Шукальнікі страчанага каўчэга – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Шукальнікі страчанага каўчэга" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B7:_%D0%A8%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%87%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Індыяна Джонз: Шукальнікі страчанага каўчэга – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Індыяна Джонз: Шукальнікі страчанага каўчэга" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Похитителите на изчезналия кивот – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Похитителите на изчезналия кивот" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark" title="Raiders of the Lost Ark – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Raiders of the Lost Ark" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_la_recerca_de_l%27arca_perduda" title="A la recerca de l'arca perduda – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="A la recerca de l'arca perduda" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dobyvatel%C3%A9_ztracen%C3%A9_archy" title="Dobyvatelé ztracené archy – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Dobyvatelé ztracené archy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark" title="Raiders of the Lost Ark – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Raiders of the Lost Ark" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jagten_p%C3%A5_den_forsvundne_skat" title="Jagten på den forsvundne skat – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Jagten på den forsvundne skat" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A4ger_des_verlorenen_Schatzes" title="Jäger des verlorenen Schatzes – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Jäger des verlorenen Schatzes" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiana_Jones_kadunud_laeka_j%C3%A4lil" title="Indiana Jones kadunud laeka jälil – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Indiana Jones kadunud laeka jälil" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F_%CE%99%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%A4%CE%B6%CF%8C%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BD%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CE%BA%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B7%CE%B3%CE%BF%CE%AF_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%A7%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%B9%CE%B2%CF%89%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%8D" title="Ο Ιντιάνα Τζόουνς και οι κυνηγοί της Χαμένης Κιβωτού – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ο Ιντιάνα Τζόουνς και οι κυνηγοί της Χαμένης Κιβωτού" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark" title="Raiders of the Lost Ark – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Raiders of the Lost Ark" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%88asantoj_de_la_Perdita_Arkeo" title="Ĉasantoj de la Perdita Arkeo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĉasantoj de la Perdita Arkeo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark" title="Raiders of the Lost Ark – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Raiders of the Lost Ark" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B5%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%82_%DA%AF%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87" title="مهاجمان صندوق گمشده – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مهاجمان صندوق گمشده" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les_Aventuriers_de_l%27arche_perdue" title="Les Aventuriers de l'arche perdue – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Les Aventuriers de l'arche perdue" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na_busca_da_arca_perdida" title="Na busca da arca perdida – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Na busca da arca perdida" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%94%EC%8A%A4_(%EC%98%81%ED%99%94)" title="레이더스 (영화) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="레이더스 (영화)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1_%D5%8B%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%BD%D6%89_%D4%BF%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%AC_%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A8_%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%BD" title="Ինդիանա Ջոնս։ Կորուսյալ տապանը որոնելիս – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ինդիանա Ջոնս։ Կորուսյալ տապանը որոնելիս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%8F_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82" title="खोये हुए आर्क के हमलावरों – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="खोये हुए आर्क के हमलावरों" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otima%C4%8Di_izgubljenog_kov%C4%8Dega" title="Otimači izgubljenog kovčega – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Otimači izgubljenog kovčega" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark" title="Raiders of the Lost Ark – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Raiders of the Lost Ark" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_predatori_dell%27arca_perduta" title="I predatori dell'arca perduta – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="I predatori dell'arca perduta" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%93%D7%93%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%91%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%91%D7%95%D7%93%D7%94" title="שודדי התיבה האבודה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שודדי התיבה האבודה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%AB%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="დაკარგული კიდობნის მაძიებლები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დაკარგული კიდობნის მაძიებლები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark" title="Raiders of the Lost Ark – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Raiders of the Lost Ark" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pazudu%C5%A1%C4%81_%C5%A1%C4%B7irsta_mekl%C4%93jumos" title="Pazudušā šķirsta meklējumos – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pazudušā šķirsta meklējumos" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark" title="Raiders of the Lost Ark – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Raiders of the Lost Ark" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Az_elveszett_frigyl%C3%A1da_fosztogat%C3%B3i" title="Az elveszett frigyláda fosztogatói – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Az elveszett frigyláda fosztogatói" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%8F%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81:_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B3" title="Индијана Џонс: Крадците на изгубениот ковчег – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Индијана Џонс: Крадците на изгубениот ковчег" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%93%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%A6_%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%86%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D" title="റെയ്ഡേഴ്സ് ഓഫ് ദ ലോസ്റ്റ് ആർക്ക് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റെയ്ഡേഴ്സ് ഓഫ് ദ ലോസ്റ്റ് ആർക്ക്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%91%E0%A4%AB_%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95" title="रेडर्स ऑफ द लॉस्ट आर्क – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रेडर्स ऑफ द लॉस्ट आर्क" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="დინაფილი კიდობანიშ მაგორალეფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="დინაფილი კიდობანიშ მაგორალეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B9" title="سارقو التابوت الضائع – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سارقو التابوت الضائع" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark" title="Raiders of the Lost Ark – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Raiders of the Lost Ark" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark" title="Raiders of the Lost Ark – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Raiders of the Lost Ark" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AC%E3%82%A4%E3%83%80%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9/%E5%A4%B1%E3%82%8F%E3%82%8C%E3%81%9F%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF%E3%80%8A%E8%81%96%E6%AB%83%E3%80%8B" title="レイダース/失われたアーク《聖櫃》 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="レイダース/失われたアーク《聖櫃》" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakten_p%C3%A5_den_forsvunne_skatten" title="Jakten på den forsvunne skatten – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Jakten på den forsvunne skatten" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poszukiwacze_zaginionej_Arki" title="Poszukiwacze zaginionej Arki – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Poszukiwacze zaginionej Arki" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark" title="Raiders of the Lost Ark – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Raiders of the Lost Ark" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiana_Jones_%C8%99i_c%C4%83ut%C4%83torii_arcei_pierdute" title="Indiana Jones și căutătorii arcei pierdute – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Indiana Jones și căutătorii arcei pierdute" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81:_%D0%92_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%85_%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Индиана Джонс: В поисках утраченного ковчега – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Индиана Джонс: В поисках утраченного ковчега" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiana_Jones_e_li_spugghiampisi_di_l%27arca_pirduta" title="Indiana Jones e li spugghiampisi di l'arca pirduta – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Indiana Jones e li spugghiampisi di l'arca pirduta" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark" title="Raiders of the Lost Ark – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Raiders of the Lost Ark" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dobyvatelia_stratenej_archy" title="Dobyvatelia stratenej archy – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Dobyvatelia stratenej archy" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lov_za_izgubljenim_zakladom" title="Lov za izgubljenim zakladom – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Lov za izgubljenim zakladom" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otima%C4%8Di_izgubljenog_kov%C4%8Dega" title="Otimači izgubljenog kovčega – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Otimači izgubljenog kovčega" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark" title="Raiders of the Lost Ark – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Raiders of the Lost Ark" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadonneen_aarteen_mets%C3%A4st%C3%A4j%C3%A4t" title="Kadonneen aarteen metsästäjät – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kadonneen aarteen metsästäjät" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakten_p%C3%A5_den_f%C3%B6rsvunna_skatten" title="Jakten på den försvunna skatten – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Jakten på den försvunna skatten" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark" title="Raiders of the Lost Ark – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Raiders of the Lost Ark" 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For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Raiders of the Lost Ark (disambiguation)">Raiders of the Lost Ark (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;">Raiders of the Lost Ark</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark_Theatrical_Poster.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Poster for Raiders of the Lost Ark"><img alt="Poster for Raiders of the Lost Ark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a6/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark_Theatrical_Poster.jpg/220px-Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark_Theatrical_Poster.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/a6/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark_Theatrical_Poster.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="257" data-file-height="389" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">1982 theatrical reissue poster by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Amsel" title="Richard Amsel">Richard Amsel</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Directed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Screenplay by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Kasdan" title="Lawrence Kasdan">Lawrence Kasdan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Story by</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Lucas" title="George Lucas">George Lucas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Kaufman" title="Philip Kaufman">Philip Kaufman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Produced by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Marshall_(filmmaker)" title="Frank Marshall (filmmaker)">Frank Marshall</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Starring</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harrison_Ford" title="Harrison Ford">Harrison Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_Allen" title="Karen Allen">Karen Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Freeman_(actor)" title="Paul Freeman (actor)">Paul Freeman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Lacey" title="Ronald Lacey">Ronald Lacey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Rhys-Davies" title="John Rhys-Davies">John Rhys-Davies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denholm_Elliott" title="Denholm Elliott">Denholm Elliott</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Cinematography</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Slocombe" title="Douglas Slocombe">Douglas Slocombe</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Edited by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kahn_(film_editor)" title="Michael Kahn (film editor)">Michael Kahn</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Music by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Production company</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="vertical-align: middle;"><a href="/wiki/Lucasfilm_Ltd." class="mw-redirect" title="Lucasfilm Ltd.">Lucasfilm Ltd.</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Distributed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Paramount_Pictures" title="Paramount Pictures">Paramount Pictures</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Release date</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist film-date"> <ul><li>June 12, 1981 (1981-06-12)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Running time</div></th><td class="infobox-data">115 minutes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Language</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Budget</th><td class="infobox-data">$20 million</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Box office</th><td class="infobox-data">$389.9 million<a href="#cite_note-1">[a]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Raiders of the Lost Ark<a href="#cite_note-5">[b]</a> is a 1981 American <a href="/wiki/Action-adventure_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Action-adventure film">action-adventure film</a> directed by <a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> from a screenplay by <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Kasdan" title="Lawrence Kasdan">Lawrence Kasdan</a>, based on a story by <a href="/wiki/George_Lucas" title="George Lucas">George Lucas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Philip_Kaufman" title="Philip Kaufman">Philip Kaufman</a>. Set in 1936, the film stars <a href="/wiki/Harrison_Ford" title="Harrison Ford">Harrison Ford</a> as <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_(character)" title="Indiana Jones (character)">Indiana Jones</a>, a globetrotting <a href="/wiki/Archaeologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaeologist">archaeologist</a> vying with <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi German</a> forces to recover the long-lost <a href="/wiki/Ark_of_the_Covenant" title="Ark of the Covenant">Ark of the Covenant</a> which is said to make an army invincible. Teaming up with his tough former romantic interest <a href="/wiki/Marion_Ravenwood" title="Marion Ravenwood">Marion Ravenwood</a> (<a href="/wiki/Karen_Allen" title="Karen Allen">Karen Allen</a>), Jones races to stop rival archaeologist <a href="/wiki/List_of_characters_in_the_Indiana_Jones_series#René_Belloq" class="mw-redirect" title="List of characters in the Indiana Jones series">René Belloq</a> (<a href="/wiki/Paul_Freeman_(actor)" title="Paul Freeman (actor)">Paul Freeman</a>) from guiding the Nazis to the Ark and its power. Lucas conceived Raiders of the Lost Ark in the early 1970s. Seeking to modernize the <a href="/wiki/Serial_film" title="Serial film">serial films</a> of the early 20th century, he developed the idea further with Kaufman, who suggested the Ark as the film's goal. Lucas eventually focused on developing his 1977 film <a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_(film)" title="Star Wars (film)">Star Wars</a>. Development on Raiders of the Lost Ark resumed that year when he shared the idea with Spielberg, who joined the project several months later. While the pair had ideas for set pieces and stunts for the film, they hired Kasdan to fill in the narrative gaps between them. <a href="/wiki/Principal_photography" title="Principal photography">Principal photography</a> began in June 1980 on a $20 million budget, and concluded that September. Filming took place on sets at <a href="/wiki/Elstree_Studios_(Shenley_Road)" title="Elstree Studios (Shenley Road)">Elstree Studios</a>, England, and on location mainly in <a href="/wiki/La_Rochelle" title="La Rochelle">La Rochelle</a>, France, Tunisia, and Hawaii. Pre-release polling showed little audience interest in the film leading up to its June 12, 1981 release date, especially compared to <a href="/wiki/Superman_II" title="Superman II">Superman II</a>. Despite this, Raiders of the Lost Ark became the <a href="/wiki/1981_in_film" title="1981 in film">highest-grossing film of the year</a>, earning approximately $354 million worldwide, and played in some theaters for over a year. It was also a critical success, receiving praise for its set pieces, humor, and action. The film was nominated for several awards, and won <a href="/wiki/54th_Academy_Awards" title="54th Academy Awards">five Academy Awards</a>, <a href="/wiki/9th_Saturn_Awards" title="9th Saturn Awards">seven Saturn Awards</a>, and <a href="/wiki/35th_British_Academy_Film_Awards" title="35th British Academy Film Awards">one BAFTA</a>, among other accolades. Raiders of the Lost Ark is considered one of the <a href="/wiki/Greatest_films_ever_made" class="mw-redirect" title="Greatest films ever made">greatest films ever made</a> and has had a lasting impact on <a href="/wiki/Popular_culture" title="Popular culture">popular culture</a>, spawning a host of imitators across several media and inspiring other filmmakers. The United States <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> selected it for preservation in the <a href="/wiki/National_Film_Registry" title="National Film Registry">National Film Registry</a> in 1999. Raiders of the Lost Ark is the first entry in what became the <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones" title="Indiana Jones">Indiana Jones franchise</a>, which includes four more films—<a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Temple_of_Doom" title="Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom">Temple of Doom</a> (1984), <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Last_Crusade" title="Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade">Last Crusade</a> (1989), <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Kingdom_of_the_Crystal_Skull" title="Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull">Kingdom of the Crystal Skull</a> (2008), and <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Dial_of_Destiny" title="Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny">Dial of Destiny</a> (2023)—a <a href="/wiki/The_Young_Indiana_Jones_Chronicles" title="The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles">television series</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones#Video_games" title="Indiana Jones">video games</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones#Comic_books" title="Indiana Jones">comic books</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones#Novels" title="Indiana Jones">novels</a>, theme park attractions, and toys. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plot">Plot</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Plot">edit</a>]</div> In 1936, American <a href="/wiki/Archaeologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaeologist">archaeologist</a> <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_(character)" title="Indiana Jones (character)">Indiana Jones</a> recovers a <a href="/wiki/Golden_Idol" title="Golden Idol">Golden Idol</a> from a <a href="/wiki/Booby-trapped" class="mw-redirect" title="Booby-trapped">booby-trapped</a> <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peruvian</a> temple. Rival archaeologist <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Belloq" class="mw-redirect" title="René Belloq">René Belloq</a> corners him and steals the idol; Jones escapes in a waiting <a href="/wiki/Floatplane" title="Floatplane">float plane</a>. After returning to the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, Jones is briefed by two <a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_Corps_(United_States_Army)" title="Military Intelligence Corps (United States Army)">Army Intelligence</a> agents that <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi German</a> forces are excavating at <a href="/wiki/Tanis" title="Tanis">Tanis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="Kingdom of Egypt">Egypt</a>, and one of their telegrams mentions Jones' former mentor Abner Ravenwood. Jones deduces that the Nazis are seeking the <a href="/wiki/Ark_of_the_Covenant" title="Ark of the Covenant">Ark of the Covenant</a>, which <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a> believes will make <a href="/wiki/Wehrmacht" title="Wehrmacht">their army</a> invincible. The agents recruit Jones to recover the Ark first. At a bar in <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Nepal" title="Kingdom of Nepal">Nepal</a>, Jones reunites with Abner's daughter <a href="/wiki/Marion_Ravenwood" title="Marion Ravenwood">Marion</a>, with whom Jones once had an illicit relationship, and learns that Abner is dead. The bar is set ablaze during a scuffle with <a href="/wiki/Gestapo" title="Gestapo">Gestapo</a> agent <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Toht" class="mw-redirect" title="Arnold Toht">Arnold Toht</a>, who arrives to take a medallion from Marion. Toht attempts to recover the medallion from the flames, but only burns its image into his hand. Jones and Marion safely take the medallion and escape. Traveling to <a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a>, the pair meet Jones's friend <a href="/wiki/Sallah" title="Sallah">Sallah</a>. Sallah reveals Belloq is assisting the Nazis, who have fashioned an incomplete replica medallion from the burns on Toht's hand. Nazi soldiers and mercenaries attack Jones, and Marion is seemingly killed, leaving Jones despondent. An <a href="/wiki/Imam" title="Imam">imam</a> deciphers the medallion for Jones, revealing that one side bears a warning against disturbing the Ark, and the other bears the complete measurements for the "staff of <a href="/wiki/Ra" title="Ra">Ra</a>", an item used to locate the Ark. Jones and Sallah realize that the Nazis are digging in the wrong location, infiltrate the Nazi dig site, and use the medallion and the correctly sized staff of Ra to locate the Well of Souls, the Ark's resting place. They recover the Ark, a golden, intricately decorated chest, but Belloq and the Nazis discover them and seize it. Jones and Marion, whom Belloq has held captive, are sealed inside the well, but the pair escape and Jones captures a truck carrying the Ark. Alongside Marion, Jones arranges to transport the Ark to <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> aboard a <a href="/wiki/Tramp_trade" title="Tramp trade">tramp steamer</a>. A German <a href="/wiki/U-boat" title="U-boat">U-boat</a> intercepts the steamer and seizes the Ark and Marion; Jones covertly boards the U-boat. The vessel travels to an island in the <a href="/wiki/Aegean_Sea" title="Aegean Sea">Aegean Sea</a>, where Belloq intends to test the power of the Ark before presenting it to Hitler. On the island, Jones ambushes the Nazi group and threatens to destroy the Ark but surrenders after Belloq deduces that Jones would never destroy something so historically significant, also surmising that Jones wants to know if the Ark's power is real. The Nazis restrain Jones and Marion at the testing site as Belloq ceremonially opens the Ark but finds only sand inside. At Jones' instruction, he and Marion close their eyes to avoid looking at the opened Ark, as it releases spirits, flames, and bolts of energy that kill Belloq, Toht, and the assembled Nazis before sealing itself shut. Jones and Marion open their eyes to find the area cleared of bodies and their bindings removed. Back in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, the United States government rewards Jones for securing the Ark. Despite Jones' insistence, the agents state only that the Ark has been moved to an undisclosed location for "top men" to study. In a vast warehouse, the Ark is crated up and stored among countless other crates. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cast">Cast</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Cast">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Indiana_Jones_characters" title="List of Indiana Jones characters">List of Indiana Jones characters</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:144px;max-width:144px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:199px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Harrison_Ford_by_Gage_Skidmore_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Harrison_Ford_by_Gage_Skidmore_3.jpg/142px-Harrison_Ford_by_Gage_Skidmore_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Harrison_Ford_by_Gage_Skidmore_3.jpg/213px-Harrison_Ford_by_Gage_Skidmore_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Harrison_Ford_by_Gage_Skidmore_3.jpg/284px-Harrison_Ford_by_Gage_Skidmore_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2376" data-file-height="3352" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:144px;max-width:144px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:199px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Karen_Allen_(8707577445).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Karen_Allen_%288707577445%29.jpg/142px-Karen_Allen_%288707577445%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Karen_Allen_%288707577445%29.jpg/213px-Karen_Allen_%288707577445%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Karen_Allen_%288707577445%29.jpg/284px-Karen_Allen_%288707577445%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="883" data-file-height="1237" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Harrison_Ford" title="Harrison Ford">Harrison Ford</a> in 2017 and <a href="/wiki/Karen_Allen" title="Karen Allen">Karen Allen</a> in 2013. They portrayed archaeologist Indiana Jones and his love interest Marion Ravenwood, respectively.</div></div></div></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harrison_Ford" title="Harrison Ford">Harrison Ford</a> as <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_(character)" title="Indiana Jones (character)">Indiana Jones</a>: An archaeology professor and adventurer<a href="#cite_note-TelegraphIndy-6">[4]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_Allen" title="Karen Allen">Karen Allen</a> as <a href="/wiki/Marion_Ravenwood" title="Marion Ravenwood">Marion Ravenwood</a>: A spirited, tough bar owner and Jones' former lover<a href="#cite_note-EWMarion-7">[5]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Freeman_(actor)" title="Paul Freeman (actor)">Paul Freeman</a> as <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Belloq" class="mw-redirect" title="René Belloq">René Belloq</a>: A rival archaeologist to Jones, in the employ of the Nazis<a href="#cite_note-VarietyReview-8">[6]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Lacey" title="Ronald Lacey">Ronald Lacey</a> as Major <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Toht" class="mw-redirect" title="Arnold Toht">Arnold Toht</a>: A sadistic Gestapo agent<a href="#cite_note-DOGToht-9">[7]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Rhys-Davies" title="John Rhys-Davies">John Rhys-Davies</a> as <a href="/wiki/Sallah" title="Sallah">Sallah</a>: An Egyptian excavator and old acquaintance of Jones<a href="#cite_note-THRCharacters-10">[8]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denholm_Elliott" title="Denholm Elliott">Denholm Elliott</a> as <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Brody" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcus Brody">Marcus Brody</a>: A <a href="/wiki/Museum_curator" class="mw-redirect" title="Museum curator">museum curator</a> and Jones' loyal friend<a href="#cite_note-THRCharacters-10">[8]</a></li></ul> Raiders of the Lost Ark also features <a href="/wiki/Wolf_Kahler" title="Wolf Kahler">Wolf Kahler</a> as Nazi officer <a href="/wiki/Colonel_Dietrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonel Dietrich">Colonel Dietrich</a><a href="#cite_note-BBCDietrrich-11">[9]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Higgins_(actor)" title="Anthony Higgins (actor)">Anthony Higgins</a> as Major Gobler, Dietrich's right-hand man.<a href="#cite_note-BFICast-12">[10]</a> <a href="/wiki/Don_Fellows" title="Don Fellows">Don Fellows</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Hootkins" title="William Hootkins">William Hootkins</a> appear as United States Army Intelligence agents Colonel Musgrove and Major Eaton, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-BFICast-12">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBCUSArmy-13">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> <a href="/wiki/George_Harris_(actor)" title="George Harris (actor)">George Harris</a> plays Simon Katanga, captain of the Bantu Wind tramp steamer,<a href="#cite_note-DigitalSpyHarris-15">[13]</a> and Fred Sorenson portrays Jones' pilot Jock.<a href="#cite_note-EWOpening-16">[14]</a> Producer <a href="/wiki/Frank_Marshall_(filmmaker)" title="Frank Marshall (filmmaker)">Frank Marshall</a> appears as the Flying Wing pilot.<a href="#cite_note-BFICast-12">[10]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pat_Roach" title="Pat Roach">Pat Roach</a> appears as the Nazi who brawls with Jones by the Flying Wing and one of Toht's Nepalese <a href="/wiki/Sherpa_people" title="Sherpa people">Sherpas</a>.<a href="#cite_note-MovieFone-17">[15]</a> <a href="/wiki/Vic_Tablian" title="Vic Tablian">Vic Tablian</a> plays Jones's treacherous Peruvian guide Barranca and the Monkey Man in Cairo.<a href="#cite_note-MovieFone-17">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimesCanbyReview-18">[16]</a> The film features the first theatrical appearance of <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Molina" title="Alfred Molina">Alfred Molina</a> as Jones' guide Satipo.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesSerials-19">[17]</a> <a href="/wiki/Terry_Richards" title="Terry Richards">Terry Richards</a> portrays the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Indiana_Jones_characters#Cairo_Swordsman" title="List of Indiana Jones characters">Cairo swordsman</a> shot by Jones.<a href="#cite_note-BFICast-12">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-IndependentRichards-20">[18]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Production">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conception">Conception</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Conception">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:145px;max-width:145px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:201px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:George_Lucas_1986_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/George_Lucas_1986_%28cropped%29.jpg/143px-George_Lucas_1986_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="143" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/George_Lucas_1986_%28cropped%29.jpg/215px-George_Lucas_1986_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/George_Lucas_1986_%28cropped%29.jpg/286px-George_Lucas_1986_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="294" data-file-height="415" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:143px;max-width:143px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:201px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Steven_Spielberg_1999_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Steven_Spielberg_1999_%28cropped%29.jpg/141px-Steven_Spielberg_1999_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="141" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Steven_Spielberg_1999_%28cropped%29.jpg/212px-Steven_Spielberg_1999_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Steven_Spielberg_1999_%28cropped%29.jpg/282px-Steven_Spielberg_1999_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="390" data-file-height="555" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/George_Lucas" title="George Lucas">George Lucas</a> in 1986 and <a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> in 1999</div></div></div></div> <a href="/wiki/George_Lucas" title="George Lucas">George Lucas</a> conceived Raiders of the Lost Ark in 1973, shortly after finishing the comedy drama <a href="/wiki/American_Graffiti" title="American Graffiti">American Graffiti</a> (1973).<a href="#cite_note-GRAdarOverview-21">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-timeSlambangPage1-22">[20]</a> An old movie poster of a heroic character leaping from a horse to a truck reminded Lucas of the early 20th-century <a href="/wiki/Serial_film" title="Serial film">serial films</a> he enjoyed as a youth, such as <a href="/wiki/Buck_Rogers_(serial)" title="Buck Rogers (serial)">Buck Rogers</a> (1939), <a href="/wiki/Zorro%27s_Fighting_Legion" title="Zorro's Fighting Legion">Zorro's Fighting Legion</a> (1939), <a href="/wiki/Spy_Smasher_(serial)" title="Spy Smasher (serial)">Spy Smasher</a> (1942), and <a href="/wiki/Don_Winslow_of_the_Navy" title="Don Winslow of the Navy">Don Winslow of the Navy</a> (1942).<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-MovieFone-17">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-GRAdarOverview-21">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-timeSlambangPage1-22">[20]</a> He wanted to make a <a href="/wiki/B_movie" title="B movie">B movie</a> modeled on those serials and conceived The Adventures of Indiana Smith, featuring a daring archaeologist named after his <a href="/wiki/Alaskan_Malamute" title="Alaskan Malamute">Alaskan Malamute</a> dog.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-GRAdarOverview-21">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-timeSlambangPage1-22">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage1-23">[21]</a> Around the same time, Lucas was trying to adapt the <a href="/wiki/Space_opera" title="Space opera">space opera</a> serial <a href="/wiki/Flash_Gordon_(serial)" title="Flash Gordon (serial)">Flash Gordon</a> (1936), but could not obtain the rights.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-MovieFone-17">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-GRAdarOverview-21">[19]</a> He shelved the Indiana Smith project to focus on creating his own space opera, <a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_(film)" title="Star Wars (film)">Star Wars</a> (1977).<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-GRAdarOverview-21">[19]</a> In 1975, Lucas discussed his serial film idea with his friend <a href="/wiki/Philip_Kaufman" title="Philip Kaufman">Philip Kaufman</a>. The pair worked on a story for two weeks.<a href="#cite_note-timeSlambangPage2-24">[22]</a> Lucas imagined his character as a college professor and archaeologist adventurer, based on his own appreciation for archaeology and famous archaeologists like <a href="/wiki/Hiram_Bingham_III" title="Hiram Bingham III">Hiram Bingham III</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roy_Chapman_Andrews" title="Roy Chapman Andrews">Roy Chapman Andrews</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Woolley" title="Leonard Woolley">Leonard Woolley</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NatGeo-25">[23]</a> Kaufman removed Lucas' vision of Smith as a nightclub patron and womanizer, and suggested the <a href="/wiki/Ark_of_the_Covenant" title="Ark of the Covenant">Ark of the Covenant</a> as the film's central goal;<a href="#cite_note-GRAdarOverview-21">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-timeSlambangPage2-24">[22]</a> he learned of the Ark from his hematologist.<a href="#cite_note-26">[24]</a> The Ark provided a source of conflict for the hero and the <a href="/wiki/Nazis" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazis">Nazis</a>, playing off Nazi leader <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a>'s historical <a href="/wiki/Occultism_in_Nazism" title="Occultism in Nazism">fascination with the occult</a>.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireMacGuffins-27">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-Kurlander_2017-28">[26]</a> Lucas wanted Kaufman to direct the film, but because he was already committed to working on the western <a href="/wiki/The_Outlaw_Josey_Wales" title="The Outlaw Josey Wales">The Outlaw Josey Wales</a> (1976), Lucas paused the idea again and resumed working on Star Wars.<a href="#cite_note-GRAdarOverview-21">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-AVClubRetro-29">[27]</a> In May 1977, Lucas vacationed in Hawaii to avoid any potential negative news about the theatrical debut of Star Wars. He invited <a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> to join him and his wife. On a beach near the <a href="/wiki/Mauna_Kea_Beach_Hotel" title="Mauna Kea Beach Hotel">Mauna Kea Beach Hotel</a>, Lucas and Spielberg discussed their next projects. Spielberg wanted to direct a <a href="/wiki/James_Bond" title="James Bond">James Bond film</a>, but Lucas pitched him The Adventures of Indiana Smith.<a href="#cite_note-VanityFairSpielberg-30">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-AFISummary-32">[30]</a> Lucas still hoped Kaufman would direct it, but a few months later it was clear he could not participate and Lucas asked Spielberg to replace him.<a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Writing">Writing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Writing">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:146px;max-width:146px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:212px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Philip_Kaufman_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Philip_Kaufman_03.jpg/144px-Philip_Kaufman_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="144" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Philip_Kaufman_03.jpg/216px-Philip_Kaufman_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Philip_Kaufman_03.jpg/288px-Philip_Kaufman_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1769" data-file-height="2616" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:142px;max-width:142px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:212px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Lawrence_Kasdan_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Lawrence_Kasdan_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/140px-Lawrence_Kasdan_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Lawrence_Kasdan_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/210px-Lawrence_Kasdan_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Lawrence_Kasdan_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/280px-Lawrence_Kasdan_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1424" data-file-height="2152" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Philip_Kaufman" title="Philip Kaufman">Philip Kaufman</a> in 1991 and <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Kasdan" title="Lawrence Kasdan">Lawrence Kasdan</a> in 2015.</div></div></div></div> <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Kasdan" title="Lawrence Kasdan">Lawrence Kasdan</a>, Spielberg's recent discovery, was chosen to write the script. Kasdan had been working as a professional screenwriter for only a month but Lucas agreed to hire him after reading his script for <a href="/wiki/Continental_Divide_(film)" title="Continental Divide (film)">Continental Divide</a> (1981).<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage1-23">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a> In January 1978, Lucas, Kasdan, and Spielberg spent about nine hours a day over three to five days at Lucas' assistant's house in <a href="/wiki/Sherman_Oaks,_Los_Angeles" title="Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles">Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles</a>, developing Lucas' outline.<a href="#cite_note-34">[c]</a> Several ideas came from these discussions, including the boulder trap, the monkey in Cairo, Toht burning the medallion's imprint into his hand, and government agents locking the Ark away.<a href="#cite_note-NewYorkerSpitball-33">[31]</a> Kasdan realized Spielberg and Lucas had several <a href="/wiki/Set_piece" title="Set piece">set pieces</a> in mind, but they were looking for someone else to do the hard work of piecing them together.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage1-23">[21]</a> Spielberg hated the name Indiana Smith, believing it would remind audiences of the <a href="/wiki/Steve_McQueen" title="Steve McQueen">Steve McQueen</a> character <a href="/wiki/Nevada_Smith" title="Nevada Smith">Nevada Smith</a>. All three men agreed to use "Jones" instead.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-NewYorkerSpitball-33">[31]</a> Actors <a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> and <a href="/wiki/Toshiro_Mifune" title="Toshiro Mifune">Toshiro Mifune</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/James_Bond_(literary_character)" title="James Bond (literary character)">James Bond character</a>, were the basis of Jones' own.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a> Lucas wanted Jones to be a <a href="/wiki/Kung_fu_(term)" title="Kung fu (term)">kung fu</a> practitioner and a <a href="/wiki/Playboy_lifestyle" title="Playboy lifestyle">playboy</a>, funding his lifestyle with the spoils of his adventures, but Spielberg and Kasdan felt the character was complicated enough being an adventurer and archaeologist.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimesSerials-19">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-NewYorkerSpitball-33">[31]</a> Spielberg suggested making Jones an avid gambler or an alcoholic, but Lucas wanted Jones to be a role model who is "honest and true and trusting."<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-NewYorkerSpitball-33">[31]</a> Both men felt it was important Jones be fallible, vulnerable, and as capable of comedic moments as well as serious ones. They intended him to be someone the audience could relate to and idolize.<a href="#cite_note-VanityFairSpielberg-30">[28]</a> Lucas suggested Marion would have a romantic past, at the age of 11, with the much older Jones; Spielberg replied, "she had better be older".<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage1-23">[21]</a> While Spielberg directed <a href="/wiki/1941_(film)" title="1941 (film)">1941</a> (1979), Kasdan used his office to write Raiders, taking inspiration from early 20th-century serials and adventure films like <a href="/wiki/Red_River_(1948_film)" title="Red River (1948 film)">Red River</a> (1948), <a href="/wiki/Seven_Samurai" title="Seven Samurai">Seven Samurai</a> (1954), and <a href="/wiki/The_Magnificent_Seven" title="The Magnificent Seven">The Magnificent Seven</a> (1960).<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage1-23">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage2-35">[32]</a> He wrote Jones as an <a href="/wiki/Antihero" title="Antihero">antihero</a>, an archaeologist reduced to grave-robbing.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage2-35">[32]</a> Kasdan wanted a supporting cast with their own unique characteristics and believed it was important these characters had a memorable impact.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage2-35">[32]</a> He described how the hardest part of writing was explaining how Jones would fall into successive dangerous events and survive, and how he traveled between locations.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage1-23">[21]</a> In August 1978, after approximately five months, Kasdan completed his first draft.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-GRAdarOverview-21">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a> Spielberg described the draft as good but too long; Kasdan and Lucas collaborated to trim and refine it.<a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a> The script was a globe-spanning tale set in the United States, Egypt, Greece, and Nepal.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> Several elements were cut, including a journey to Shanghai that would lead to a <a href="/wiki/Minecart" title="Minecart">minecart</a> chase and Jones using a <a href="/wiki/Gong" title="Gong">gong</a> to shield himself from gunfire, ideas later used in the prequel <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Temple_of_Doom" title="Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom">Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom</a> (1984).<a href="#cite_note-MovieFone-17">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage1-23">[21]</a> To his frustration, much of Kasdan's love story between Jones and Marion was trimmed, as were scenes showing the mutual attraction between Marion and Belloq.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage1-23">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage3-36">[33]</a> The screenplay was completed by December 1979.<a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Development_and_pre-production">Development and pre-production</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Development and pre-production">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Frank_Marshall_(1117754729).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A photograph of producer Frank Marshall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Frank_Marshall_%281117754729%29.jpg/220px-Frank_Marshall_%281117754729%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Frank_Marshall_%281117754729%29.jpg/330px-Frank_Marshall_%281117754729%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Frank_Marshall_%281117754729%29.jpg/440px-Frank_Marshall_%281117754729%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1565" data-file-height="1037" /></a><figcaption>Producer <a href="/wiki/Frank_Marshall_(filmmaker)" title="Frank Marshall (filmmaker)">Frank Marshall</a> in 1982. As well as producing, Marshall had a minor role in the film as a Nazi pilot.</figcaption></figure> Lucas wanted to fund Raiders of the Lost Ark himself, but lacked the money.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> <a href="/wiki/Lucasfilm" title="Lucasfilm">Lucasfilm</a> offered the project to several <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_(film_industry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hollywood (film industry)">Hollywood</a> studios. They rejected it, in part because of the proposed $20 million budget,<a href="#cite_note-37">[d]</a> but also because of the deal Lucas offered.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage2-35">[32]</a> He wanted the studio to provide the budget, have no creative input and allow him to retain control of the licensing rights and any sequels.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage2-35">[32]</a> The studios considered this deal unacceptable.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage2-35">[32]</a> They were also hesitant because Spielberg had delivered a succession of films over-schedule and over-budget;<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage2-35">[32]</a> his recent effort, 1941, was both over-budget and a critical failure. However, Lucas refused to do the project without Spielberg.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesSerials-19">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage2-35">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-TelegraphRetro-38">[34]</a> When the project was offered to <a href="/wiki/Paramount_Pictures" title="Paramount Pictures">Paramount Pictures</a>, president <a href="/wiki/Michael_Eisner" title="Michael Eisner">Michael Eisner</a> compromised with Lucas, accepting his deal in exchange for exclusive rights to any sequels and severe penalties for exceeding the schedule or budget. Lucas reportedly negotiated a salary between $1 million and $4 million plus a share of the gross profits, though a separate report stated he received only net profits. Spielberg received up to $1.5 million as director and a share of the gross profits.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-GRAdarOverview-21">[19]</a> Producer Frank Marshall, who had experience on smaller independent films, was hired because Spielberg believed he would keep the film on schedule and budget. Spielberg also hired cinematographer <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Slocombe" title="Douglas Slocombe">Douglas Slocombe</a> and production designer <a href="/wiki/Norman_Reynolds" title="Norman Reynolds">Norman Reynolds</a> because he liked their previous works, and his long-time collaborator <a href="/wiki/Michael_Kahn_(film_editor)" title="Michael Kahn (film editor)">Michael Kahn</a> as editor.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a> Lucas served as a <a href="/wiki/Second_unit" title="Second unit">second unit</a> director<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage3-36">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-timeSlambangPage4-39">[35]</a> and the film's executive producer, along with his acquaintance <a href="/wiki/Howard_Kazanjian" title="Howard Kazanjian">Howard Kazanjian</a>, whom Lucas believed would be a disciplined influence and not indulge the filmmakers' larger ambitions. He also brought in his long-time collaborator <a href="/wiki/Robert_Watts" title="Robert Watts">Robert Watts</a> as associate producer and production manager. Paramount mandated a filming schedule of 85 days; Lucas, Spielberg, and Marshall agreed on a self-imposed 73-day schedule. Spielberg was determined to avoid criticism for another schedule overrun.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a> Six months of pre-production began in December 1979.<a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-MentalFloss20-40">[36]</a> Spielberg preferred to spend a year in pre-production, but worked at a faster pace to keep the budget low.<a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a> Spielberg and Lucas were both simultaneously working on other projects.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> Artists Ed Verreaux, Dave Negron, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Lloyd_(special_effects_artist)" title="Michael Lloyd (special effects artist)">Michael Lloyd</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Joe_Johnston" title="Joe Johnston">Joe Johnston</a> provided extensive <a href="/wiki/Storyboard" title="Storyboard">storyboarding</a>, with over 80% of the script represented, equaling approximately 6,000 images. This helped Spielberg pre-visualize scenes and limit the time taken to set up shots. The script described the opening of the ark only as "all hell breaks loose", and the artists were tasked with envisioning what should happen. Each offered different aspects: spirits, flames, and weird light effects; Johnston was tasked with combining all three.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a> Spielberg also had miniature sets of larger scenes built to plan layouts and lighting, including the Well of Souls, the Tanis dig site, and the Cairo marketplace.<a href="#cite_note-MentalFloss20-40">[36]</a> They contained 1-inch tall figurines to suggest how many extras would be required.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesAD-41">[37]</a> Among changes made at this stage, Spielberg abandoned his idea for Toht to have a mechanical arm that could be replaced with a machine gun or flamethrower. Lucas said it put the film into a different genre.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage1-23">[21]</a> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Casting">Casting</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Casting">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tom_Selleck_filming_Magnum_P._I.,_Hawaii,_1984.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A photograph of Tom Selleck" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Tom_Selleck_filming_Magnum_P._I.%2C_Hawaii%2C_1984.jpg/170px-Tom_Selleck_filming_Magnum_P._I.%2C_Hawaii%2C_1984.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Tom_Selleck_filming_Magnum_P._I.%2C_Hawaii%2C_1984.jpg/255px-Tom_Selleck_filming_Magnum_P._I.%2C_Hawaii%2C_1984.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Tom_Selleck_filming_Magnum_P._I.%2C_Hawaii%2C_1984.jpg/340px-Tom_Selleck_filming_Magnum_P._I.%2C_Hawaii%2C_1984.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1289" data-file-height="1759" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tom_Selleck" title="Tom Selleck">Tom Selleck</a> was cast as Indiana Jones, but <a href="/wiki/Contractual_obligations" class="mw-redirect" title="Contractual obligations">contractual obligations</a> to the television series <a href="/wiki/Magnum,_P.I." title="Magnum, P.I.">Magnum, P.I.</a> forced him to withdraw.</figcaption></figure> Lucas wanted a relatively unknown actor, willing to commit to a trilogy of films, to play Indiana Jones.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> Those considered for the role included <a href="/wiki/Bill_Murray" title="Bill Murray">Bill Murray</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nick_Nolte" title="Nick Nolte">Nick Nolte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Martin" title="Steve Martin">Steve Martin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chevy_Chase" title="Chevy Chase">Chevy Chase</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tim_Matheson" title="Tim Matheson">Tim Matheson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nick_Mancuso" title="Nick Mancuso">Nick Mancuso</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Coyote" title="Peter Coyote">Peter Coyote</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Nicholson" title="Jack Nicholson">Jack Nicholson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Bridges" title="Jeff Bridges">Jeff Bridges</a>,<a href="#cite_note-MovieFone-17">[15]</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Shea" title="John Shea">John Shea</a>,<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage2-35">[32]</a> <a href="/wiki/Sam_Elliott" title="Sam Elliott">Sam Elliott</a>,<a href="#cite_note-40thAnnVariety-42">[38]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harry_Hamlin" title="Harry Hamlin">Harry Hamlin</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Hamlin-43">[39]</a> Casting director Mike Fenton favored Bridges but Lucas' wife and frequent collaborator <a href="/wiki/Marcia_Lucas" title="Marcia Lucas">Marcia Lucas</a> preferred <a href="/wiki/Tom_Selleck" title="Tom Selleck">Tom Selleck</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-GRAdarOverview-21">[19]</a> Selleck was contractually obligated to filming the television series <a href="/wiki/Magnum,_P.I." title="Magnum, P.I.">Magnum, P.I.</a> if it were to be made into a full series. Lucas and Spielberg asked the show's network, <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a>, to release him ten days early from his contract. Realizing Selleck was in demand, CBS <a href="/wiki/Greenlit" class="mw-redirect" title="Greenlit">greenlit</a> Magnum P.I., forcing him to drop out and leaving the production with no lead actor only weeks before filming.<a href="#cite_note-MovieFone-17">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-GRAdarOverview-21">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage2-35">[32]</a> The <a href="/wiki/1980_actors_strike" title="1980 actors strike">1980 actors strike</a> later put the show on hiatus for three months, which would have allowed Selleck to star as Jones.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> Spielberg said Ford was perfect for the role after seeing him in <a href="/wiki/The_Empire_Strikes_Back" title="The Empire Strikes Back">The Empire Strikes Back</a>; Kanzanjian said Ford had always been considered but not cast because he was already a well-known actor.<a href="#cite_note-GRAdarOverview-21">[19]</a> Lucas was concerned about seeming reliant on Ford by casting him in another film after Star Wars, and he also did not think he would commit to three films.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage2-35">[32]</a> However, Ford thought it would be a fun project and agreed to the deal.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage2-35">[32]</a> He negotiated a seven-figure salary, a percentage of the gross profits, and the option to re-write his dialogue.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-GRAdarOverview-21">[19]</a> Ford undertook extensive exercise to enhance his physique and trained for several weeks under stunt coordinator Glenn Randall to use a <a href="/wiki/Bullwhip" title="Bullwhip">bullwhip</a>, becoming proficient enough to disarm the Monkey Man (Vic Tablian); his wrist had to be rehabilitated to compensate for an old injury.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage2-35">[32]</a> Ford's interpretation of the character was as an academic first and an adventurer second.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage2-35">[32]</a> For Jones' love interest Marion, Spielberg wanted someone akin to early 20th-century leading female icons like <a href="/wiki/Irene_Dunne" title="Irene Dunne">Irene Dunne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Stanwyck" title="Barbara Stanwyck">Barbara Stanwyck</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ann_Sheridan" title="Ann Sheridan">Ann Sheridan</a>, who equaled their male counterparts.<a href="#cite_note-VanityFairSpielberg-30">[28]</a> Lucas wanted <a href="/wiki/Debra_Winger" title="Debra Winger">Debra Winger</a>, but she was not interested, and Spielberg wanted his girlfriend <a href="/wiki/Amy_Irving" title="Amy Irving">Amy Irving</a>, but she was unavailable.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-GRAdarOverview-21">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-EW15Facts-44">[40]</a> They also considered <a href="/wiki/Stephanie_Zimbalist" title="Stephanie Zimbalist">Stephanie Zimbalist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Hershey" title="Barbara Hershey">Barbara Hershey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sean_Young" title="Sean Young">Sean Young</a>.<a href="#cite_note-MovieFone-17">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage2-35">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hamlin-43">[39]</a> Spielberg was aware of Karen Allen from her performance in <a href="/wiki/Animal_House" title="Animal House">Animal House</a> (1978), portraying an independent female character, and she impressed him with her professionalism during auditions for Raiders.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-40thannTHR-45">[41]</a> One of the first things Spielberg asked Allen was "how well do you spit?".<a href="#cite_note-GRAdarOverview-21">[19]</a> Allen developed a backstory for Marion that included her mother's death and her relationship with Jones when she was 15–16, but Spielberg said it belonged in a different movie.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage3-36">[33]</a> Kasdan named Marion after his grandmother-in-law,<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage3-36">[33]</a> and took Ravenwood from a Los Angeles street.<a href="#cite_note-MentalFloss20-40">[36]</a> Belloq was intended to be a sophisticated villain to counter the "beer-drinking" hero.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> Spielberg cast Freeman after seeing him in the <a href="/wiki/Docudrama" title="Docudrama">docudrama</a> <a href="/wiki/Death_of_a_Princess" title="Death of a Princess">Death of a Princess</a> (1980); Freeman's piercing eyes had captivated him.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireAlmostCast-46">[42]</a> <a href="/wiki/Giancarlo_Giannini" title="Giancarlo Giannini">Giancarlo Giannini</a> and singer <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Dutronc" title="Jacques Dutronc">Jacques Dutronc</a> were also considered.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage2-35">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireAlmostCast-46">[42]</a> <a href="/wiki/Danny_DeVito" title="Danny DeVito">Danny DeVito</a> was approached to portray Sallah, described as a skinny, 5 ft (1.5 m) tall Egyptian like Gunga Din in <a href="/wiki/Gunga_Din_(film)" title="Gunga Din (film)">Gunga Din</a> (1939).<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage2-35">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireAlmostCast-46">[42]</a> DeVito could not participate because of scheduling conflicts with his sitcom <a href="/wiki/Taxi_(TV_series)" title="Taxi (TV series)">Taxi</a> and because his agent wanted too much money.<a href="#cite_note-GRAdarOverview-21">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireAlmostCast-46">[42]</a> Rhys-Davies was cast based on his performance in the 1980 miniseries <a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dgun_(1980_miniseries)" title="Shōgun (1980 miniseries)">Shōgun</a>. Spielberg asked him to play the character as a mix of his Shōgun role and the character <a href="/wiki/John_Falstaff" title="John Falstaff">John Falstaff</a>.<a href="#cite_note-GRAdarOverview-21">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage2-35">[32]</a> Ronald Lacey was cast as Toht because he reminded Spielberg of actor <a href="/wiki/Peter_Lorre" title="Peter Lorre">Peter Lorre</a>.<a href="#cite_note-MovieFone-17">[15]</a> <a href="/wiki/Klaus_Kinski" title="Klaus Kinski">Klaus Kinski</a> was offered the role but chose to appear in the horror film <a href="/wiki/Venom_(1981_film)" title="Venom (1981 film)">Venom</a> (1981) because it offered more money.<a href="#cite_note-MovieFone-17">[15]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Filming">Filming</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Filming">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Elstree_Studios_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1184042_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A front-facing exterior photograph of Elstree Studios" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Elstree_Studios_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1184042_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Elstree_Studios_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1184042_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Elstree_Studios_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1184042_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Elstree_Studios_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1184042_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Elstree_Studios_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1184042_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Elstree_Studios_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1184042_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="301" /></a><figcaption>On-set filming location, <a href="/wiki/Elstree_Studios_(Shenley_Road)" title="Elstree Studios (Shenley Road)">Elstree Studios</a> (pictured 2009) in Hertfordshire, England.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Principal_photography" title="Principal photography">Principal photography</a> began on June 23, 1980.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-LucasFilmProduction-47">[43]</a> Filming took place on location in <a href="/wiki/La_Rochelle" title="La Rochelle">La Rochelle</a> in France, <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a> in North Africa, and Hawaii, and on sets at <a href="/wiki/Elstree_Studios_(Shenley_Road)" title="Elstree Studios (Shenley Road)">Elstree Studios</a>, England.<a href="#cite_note-LucasFilmProduction-47">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-timeSlambangPage5-48">[44]</a> Elstree was chosen because it was well-staffed with artists and technicians who had worked on Star Wars.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-EWOpening-16">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a> On-location shooting cost around $100,000 a day in addition to crew salaries; sets cost an additional $4 million. The production could afford certain equipment only for a limited time, including a <a href="/wiki/Panaglide" title="Panaglide">Panaglide</a> camera stabilizer for smoother shots, and a <a href="/wiki/Crane_shot" title="Crane shot">camera crane</a> for higher angles.<a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a> To maintain the tight schedule, Spielberg said he "...didn't do 30 or 40 takes; usually only four... Had I had more time and money, it would have turned out a pretentious movie."<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-timeSlambangPage5-48">[44]</a> Filming began in La Rochelle, depicting the capture of the Bantu Wind by a Nazi U-boat.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-LucasFilmProduction-47">[43]</a> Watts borrowed a submarine from the war film <a href="/wiki/Das_Boot" title="Das Boot">Das Boot</a> (1981) on condition it not be taken into deep waters.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> German U-boat pens in La Rochelle represented the U-boat dock.<a href="#cite_note-GRAdarOverview-21">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-LucasFilmProduction-47">[43]</a> An original coal-fired tramp steamer boat could not be found for filming, so an Egyptian boat found in an Irish port was decorated appropriately and sailed to France.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> The production moved to Elstree Studios by June 30. Interiors included the scene featuring an imam deciphering the staff headpiece and the Peruvian temple.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-EWOpening-16">[14]</a> There were repeated delays while filming the Well of Souls scene: there were too few snakes, a lack of anti-venom, and <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Stanley Kubrick</a>'s daughter <a href="/wiki/Vivian_Kubrick" title="Vivian Kubrick">Vivian</a>—who was visiting Kubrick on the set of <a href="/wiki/The_Shining_(film)" title="The Shining (film)">The Shining</a>—called the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society_for_the_Prevention_of_Cruelty_to_Animals" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals">Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals</a> (RSPCA) about the treatment of the snakes.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> The interior of Jones' school was filmed at <a href="/wiki/The_Royal_Masonic_School_for_Girls" title="The Royal Masonic School for Girls">The Royal Masonic School for Girls</a> in <a href="/wiki/Rickmansworth" title="Rickmansworth">Rickmansworth</a>, in Hertfordshire; the exterior was the <a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Pacific_(United_States)" title="University of the Pacific (United States)">University of the Pacific</a> in California.<a href="#cite_note-UproxxLocations-49">[45]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sahara_close_to_Tozeur_(Tunisia).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A photograph of sand dunes in the Sahara desert near Tozeur in Tunisia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Sahara_close_to_Tozeur_%28Tunisia%29.jpg/220px-Sahara_close_to_Tozeur_%28Tunisia%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Sahara_close_to_Tozeur_%28Tunisia%29.jpg/330px-Sahara_close_to_Tozeur_%28Tunisia%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Sahara_close_to_Tozeur_%28Tunisia%29.jpg/440px-Sahara_close_to_Tozeur_%28Tunisia%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2288" data-file-height="1712" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Sahara_desert_(ecoregion)" title="Sahara desert (ecoregion)">Sahara desert</a> near the <a href="/wiki/Tozeur" title="Tozeur">Tozeur</a> oasis in <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a> was the location of the Tanis dig site in the film.</figcaption></figure> Tunisia was used to portray Egypt.<a href="#cite_note-CondeNastLocations-50">[46]</a> Spielberg described this phase as one of his worst filming experiences: the temperature was often over 130 °F (54 °C), and over 150 crew members became sick with <a href="/wiki/Amoebic_dysentery" class="mw-redirect" title="Amoebic dysentery">amoebic dysentery</a> from the local food.<a href="#cite_note-51">[e]</a> Spielberg was one of the few to remain healthy because he ate food and water he brought from England.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage3-36">[33]</a> Lucas also suffered a severe sunburn and facial swelling.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage3-36">[33]</a> The Cairo village was filmed in the city of <a href="/wiki/Kairouan" title="Kairouan">Kairouan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-UproxxLocations-49">[45]</a> A day of filming was lost there because over 300 TV antennas had to be removed from the surrounding houses.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> Budget constraints affected Spielberg's desire to have 2,000 extras as diggers; he had to settle for 600.<a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a> Stuntman Terry Richards, who portrayed the swordsman nonchalantly dispatched by Jones, spent weeks practicing sword skills for an extended fight scene. Ford was unable to perform for long periods while suffering from dysentery, and it was decided to shorten the fight scene significantly.<a href="#cite_note-IndependentRichards-20">[18]</a> The Sidi Bouhlel canyon near the city of <a href="/wiki/Tozeur" title="Tozeur">Tozeur</a> is where a rocket launcher-equipped Jones confronts the Nazis for the Ark. Lucas had used the canyon in Star Wars to portray the planet <a href="/wiki/Tatooine" title="Tatooine">Tatooine</a>.<a href="#cite_note-UproxxLocations-49">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-CondeNastLocations-50">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-TravelPulseLocations-52">[47]</a> During the scene, a fly crawled onto Freeman's lip during his dialogue, but he continued to deliver his lines.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage3-36">[33]</a> Although it appeared to be eaten, Freeman clarified it flew away.<a href="#cite_note-FreemanFly-53">[48]</a> In late September, filming moved to Hawaii for exterior shots for the film's Peruvian opening.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-UproxxLocations-49">[45]</a> The Paramount logo dissolving into a natural mountain was an improvisation by Spielberg based on his own childhood habit of doing the same while making films; the mountain is Kalalea Mountain on the island of <a href="/wiki/Kaua%CA%BBi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kauaʻi">Kauaʻi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-EWOpening-16">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-MovieFone-17">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-MentalFloss20-40">[36]</a> Though the scene appears to be a single location, it was shot across 10 areas in Hawaii, including the <a href="/wiki/Huleia_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Huleia National Wildlife Refuge">Huleia National Wildlife Refuge</a>.<a href="#cite_note-EWOpening-16">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-CondeNastLocations-50">[46]</a> It was originally more elaborate and longer, featuring an added betrayal by one of Jones' guides, resulting in a fight, and it had more dialogue; this was deemed unnecessary and removed for a tighter paced sequence.<a href="#cite_note-EWOpening-16">[14]</a> The cave's exterior was considered a perfect location, though a nearby pool was a mosquito breeding ground; even with anti-mosquito equipment the crew was bitten.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> The donkeys used for the trek suffered <a href="/wiki/Lameness_(equine)" title="Lameness (equine)">lameness</a>. It was difficult to find replacements, and eventually, a pair of gray donkeys were painted brown with colored hairspray and flown by helicopter to the <a href="/wiki/N%C4%81_Pali_Coast_State_Park" title="Nā Pali Coast State Park">Nā Pali Coast State Park</a> to finish the scene.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> The loosely detailed script led to much improvisation; where the script described three people talking in a room, in the film it took place in a quarry alongside 500 extras.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage3-36">[33]</a> Scenes like a student of Jones's flashing the "Love You" message written across her eyelids and Marion putting on a dress to conceal a weapon were also improvised.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-MentalFloss20-40">[36]</a> Allen believed the latter scene focused on her character seducing Belloq, undermining her loyalty and love for Jones. She and Freeman collaborated to develop the idea of Marion getting Belloq drunk instead.<a href="#cite_note-40thannTHR-45">[41]</a> Allen, Lacey, Freeman, and Rhys-Davies often spent time together between filming to talk and discuss their characters. Allen described Ford as a private person who would not discuss his character in detail, and it took her a while to adapt to his working style.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage3-36">[33]</a> Filming concluded in September 1980, after 73 days.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-timeSlambangPage5-48">[44]</a> Lucas described it as the film he had the fewest problems with because of the lack of studio interference.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage3-36">[33]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-production">Post-production</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Post-production">edit</a>]</div> Post-production lasted about two months and focused mainly on special effects and <a href="/wiki/Pick-up_(filmmaking)" title="Pick-up (filmmaking)">pick-up</a> shots.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> Spielberg's first cut was close to three hours long before he and Kahn re-edited it to just under two hours.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> Lucas was happy with this edit, but later asked if he could shorten the ending. He and Kahn collaborated on the edit; Spielberg said he was happy with their changes.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage4-54">[49]</a> The final cut of the film runs for 115 minutes.<a href="#cite_note-BBFC-55">[50]</a> Marcia Lucas opined there was no emotional closure for Jones and Marion because she was absent following the closure of the Ark. Marcia is not credited in the film, but her suggestion led Spielberg to shoot a final exterior sequence on the steps of <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_City_Hall" title="San Francisco City Hall">San Francisco City Hall</a> showing Jones and Marion together.<a href="#cite_note-UproxxLocations-49">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-SyFyMarcia-56">[51]</a> Other changes included the addition of a scene where the Ark makes a humming noise in the Bantu Wind hold and the removal of a scene showing Jones holding on to the U-boat periscope to follow the Nazis; Spielberg thought it looked poor and hoped the audiences would not care how Jones accomplished the feat.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-MentalFloss20-40">[36]</a> Lucas removed a scene of a man fainting at the sight of Jones and Marion emerging from the Well of Souls because he thought the joke did not fit with the tone of the film.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage1-23">[21]</a> Shots of the <a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-3" title="Douglas DC-3">Douglas DC-3</a> Jones and Marion use to fly out of Nepal were repurposed from the adventure film <a href="/wiki/Lost_Horizon_(1973_film)" title="Lost Horizon (1973 film)">Lost Horizon</a> (1973), and an establishing shot of the streets of Washington, D.C. was taken from <a href="/wiki/The_Hindenburg_(film)" title="The Hindenburg (film)">The Hindenburg</a> (1975). Spielberg justified the use of stock footage as cost-effective, and reasoned that only sharp-eyed viewers would notice.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-timeSlambangPage4-39">[35]</a> Special effects supervisor <a href="/wiki/Richard_Edlund" title="Richard Edlund">Richard Edlund</a> claimed that the street scene was done with miniatures.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Music">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark_(soundtrack)" title="Raiders of the Lost Ark (soundtrack)">Raiders of the Lost Ark (soundtrack)</a></div> <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> composed the score for Raiders of the Lost Ark. He said the music did not have to be serious for the film and was instead theatrical and excessive.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage5-57">[52]</a> Williams spent a few weeks working on the Indiana Jones theme, more commonly known as "The Raiders March" that plays during the main character's heroic scenes. Two separate pieces were played for Spielberg, who wanted to use both. These pieces became the main theme and <a href="/wiki/Bridge_(music)" title="Bridge (music)">musical bridge</a> of "The Raiders March".<a href="#cite_note-EmpireWilliams-58">[53]</a> For the romantic theme, Williams took inspiration from older films like the drama <a href="/wiki/Now,_Voyager" title="Now, Voyager">Now, Voyager</a> (1942) to create something more emotionally monumental that he felt would contrast well with the film's humor and lighter moments.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage5-57">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireWilliams-58">[53]</a> Williams used "dark" orchestral pieces to represent the actions of the Nazis, using the "seventh <a href="/wiki/Degree_(music)" title="Degree (music)">degree</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Scale_(music)" title="Scale (music)">scale</a> of the bottom". He said this signified a militaristic evil.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireWilliams-58">[53]</a> To create something suitably biblical for the Ark of the Covenant, he used a mix of chorus and orchestra.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage5-57">[52]</a> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design">Design</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Design">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stunts">Stunts</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Stunts">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Disneyindytruck1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A photograph of a 1930s-era Mercedes-Benz truck used in the film on display at Disneyland in California" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Disneyindytruck1.jpg/220px-Disneyindytruck1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Disneyindytruck1.jpg/330px-Disneyindytruck1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Disneyindytruck1.jpg/440px-Disneyindytruck1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>A 1930s Mercedes-Benz 2.5 ton diesel truck used in the film on display at <a href="/wiki/Disneyland" title="Disneyland">Disneyland</a>, California</figcaption></figure> The Peruvian temple interiors used in the film were life-sized sets.<a href="#cite_note-EWOpening-16">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a> The giant boulder—made of fiberglass, plaster and wood—was designed to be 65 ft (20 m) wide, but this was reduced to 22 ft (6.7 m), with the resulting prop weighing 300 lb (140 kg).<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-EWOpening-16">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a> Spielberg liked the effect and had its ramp extended to give it more screen time.<a href="#cite_note-EWOpening-16">[14]</a> The boulder was controlled by a steel rod concealed in the wall by rubber rock outcroppings.<a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a> Ford performed the stunt ten times for the different camera angles. Spielberg said he was an idiot for letting Ford do it, but it would not have looked as good with a stuntman concealing his face.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a> Ford performed as many of his stunts as was allowed throughout Raiders, suffering various injuries.<a href="#cite_note-MovieFone-17">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage4-54">[49]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Tarantula" title="Tarantula">tarantulas</a> on Molina's body would not move because they were male and non-aggressive. A female spider was put on his chest to encourage movement.<a href="#cite_note-EWOpening-16">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-MovieFone-17">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimesSerials-19">[17]</a> Abandoned ideas for the temple included a crushing wall trap and a pit concealed by spider-webs. The golden idol also had mechanically operated eyes that could follow Jones.<a href="#cite_note-EWOpening-16">[14]</a> For the last part of the scene where Jones flees by plane, the first take ended in near-disaster when the plane crashed from a height of 20 ft (6.1 m) because Ford's dangling leg was blocking the aircraft's right flap.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> Filming of the Well of Souls scene was delayed initially by a lack of snakes. There were 500–600 snakes to use for close shots and some mechanical snakes for wider shots, but Spielberg wanted more. A request was made to snake handlers from around London and Europe who produced between 6,000 and 10,000 snakes in a few days.<a href="#cite_note-timeSlambangPage1-22">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-MentalFloss20-40">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage4-54">[49]</a> Afterward, they struggled to obtain anti-venom; with local supplies having expired, it had to be imported from India.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesSerials-19">[17]</a> Many of the snakes were harmless <a href="/wiki/Grass_snake" title="Grass snake">grass snakes</a> or non-venomous <a href="/wiki/Pythonidae" title="Pythonidae">pythons</a>, but the <a href="/wiki/Cobra" title="Cobra">cobras</a> were positioned behind <a href="/wiki/Poly(methyl_methacrylate)" title="Poly(methyl methacrylate)">plexiglas</a> to protect the cast and crew.<a href="#cite_note-40thAnnVariety-42">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-40thannTHR-45">[41]</a> Also present among the snakes were <a href="/wiki/Legless_lizard" title="Legless lizard">legless lizards</a>.<a href="#cite_note-59">[54]</a> The stage doors were kept open during filming for quick access to a waiting ambulance.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> Spielberg recounted that Allen was so scared she could not scream on cue. He dropped a dead serpent on her to elicit a genuine reaction.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesSerials-19">[17]</a> Allen said she got used to the creatures after 3–4 days.<a href="#cite_note-WAPOAllen-60">[55]</a> Animal handler Steve Edge donned a dress and shaved his legs to stand in for Allen at specific points.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> Vivian Kubrick's complaint to the RSPCA about the perceived poor treatment of the snakes required production to cease while safeguards were added.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> Reynolds and production artist Ron Cobb created the BV-38 flying wing based on the <a href="/wiki/Horten_Ho_229" title="Horten Ho 229">Horten Ho 229</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Northrop_N-1M" title="Northrop N-1M">Northrop N-1M</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Vought_V-173" title="Vought V-173">Vought V-173</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FlyingWing2-61">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-FlyingWing-62">[57]</a> Constructed by the British engineering firm <a href="/wiki/Vickers" title="Vickers">Vickers</a>, it was dismantled and shipped to Tunisia.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> It was not designed to be flight-worthy, only to serve as a source of danger from its propellers.<a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a> The plane was abandoned in Tunisia and slowly dismantled over the following decade by souvenir hunters before being demolished.<a href="#cite_note-FlyingWing2-61">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-FlyingWing-62">[57]</a> The fight between Jones and the German underneath the plane was mainly improvised; Spielberg had to restrain himself from making it too long as each new idea led to another.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage4-54">[49]</a> During the fight, the moving vehicle rolled over Ford's foot and towards his knee before it was stopped. It took 40 crew members to move it off of him. He avoided injury through a combination of the extreme Tunisian heat making the tire soft and the ground being covered in sand.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a> Dysentery had left the production with a lack of stuntmen, and Spielberg had Marshall stand in as the flying wing pilot. The three-day shoot was one of Spielberg's more difficult scenes to film, and he was reported saying he wanted to go home.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage4-54">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-LAWeekly-63">[58]</a> Second unit director <a href="/wiki/Michael_D._Moore" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael D. Moore">Michael D. Moore</a> filmed most of the truck chase. Spielberg had not used a second director before but agreed to it as the scene would take a long time to film being set in multiple locations. Moore completed wider shots where stuntmen stood in for Ford. He closely followed Spielberg's storyboarding but innovated a few shots Spielberg considered improvements.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a> Stuntman Glenn Randall suggested the scene of Jones traversing the underside of the truck.<a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a> Ford sat in a concealed bicycle seat attached to the truck underside when clinging to its front.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> One of the convoy cars going over a cliff was a combination of matte painting background and <a href="/wiki/Stop_motion" title="Stop motion">stop motion</a> animation of miniature figures falling out of the car.<a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Special_effects">Special effects</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Special effects">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ark_of_covenant_replica.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A photograph of a replica of the Ark of the Covenant on display" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ark_of_covenant_replica.jpg/220px-Ark_of_covenant_replica.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ark_of_covenant_replica.jpg/330px-Ark_of_covenant_replica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ark_of_covenant_replica.jpg/440px-Ark_of_covenant_replica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1840" data-file-height="1608" /></a><figcaption>A replica of the Ark of the Covenant on display in 2016</figcaption></figure> Lucas' <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Light_%26_Magic" title="Industrial Light & Magic">Industrial Light & Magic</a> (ILM) handled the film's special effects, under the supervision of Richard Edlund. The team worked on both Raiders of the Lost Ark and the dark fantasy <a href="/wiki/Dragonslayer_(1981_film)" title="Dragonslayer (1981 film)">Dragonslayer</a> (1981).<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> He felt special effects were a financially economical method of delivering a good film; as long as they were emotionally involved in the story, he said audiences would buy into even a poor special effect.<a href="#cite_note-timeSlambangPage4-39">[35]</a> Spielberg liked practical effects because he could regularly check the <a href="/wiki/Dailies" title="Dailies">raw footage</a> during filming, rather than waiting months for the completed <a href="/wiki/Compositing" title="Compositing">composite effects</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a> Freeman said he had no idea what was happening when he opened the Ark. He was told to imagine something coming towards him and to scream.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage4-54">[49]</a> Special effects artist <a href="/wiki/Steve_Gawley" title="Steve Gawley">Steve Gawley</a> created the Ark's spirits by suspending small robed puppets in a clouded water tank in front of a <a href="/wiki/Chroma_key" title="Chroma key">blue screen</a>. They were shaken to create a natural movement that was composited into the live footage. A Lucasfilm receptionist, dressed in a long white robe, was suspended in the air in front of a blue screen for the close-up of the ghost. She was filmed moving away from the camera and the footage was reversed to create an inhuman movement. Her visage was composited with a skeletal model for the monstrous transformation.<a href="#cite_note-MentalFloss20-40">[36]</a> Freeman, Lacey, and Kahler's death scenes were created using different models.<a href="#cite_note-MentalFloss20-40">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-VanityFairToht-64">[59]</a> A mold was made of Kahler's face; it was lined with bladders filled with air. Controlled by up to ten people, the air was removed to make the head shrivel.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> Special effects artist <a href="/wiki/Chris_Walas" title="Chris Walas">Chris Walas</a> sculpted Lacey's melting face using different colored layers of gelatin placed over a carved, heat-resistant stone skull. Propane heaters were used to melt the gelatin and filmed using a slower-than-normal camera so the effect appears to take place rapidly when played at normal speed.<a href="#cite_note-VanityFairToht-64">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantToht-65">[60]</a> Belloq's head mold contained a thin-plaster skull filled with blood bags and detritus. It was blown up using explosives, shotguns, and an air cannon. It took three attempts to get the desired effect.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> Belloq's death was considered so extreme the Motion Picture Association of America initially classified the film with an <a href="/wiki/R_rating_(Motion_Picture_Association_of_America)" class="mw-redirect" title="R rating (Motion Picture Association of America)">R rating</a> restricting it to those over the age of 17 without an adult. Flames were superimposed over the scene to conceal the effect.<a href="#cite_note-MovieFone-17">[15]</a> Kasdan scripted detailed montages during the transition between locations, but Spielberg saved money by showing a map and an animated line traveling between destinations.<a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a> Skulls and rotting bodies made by chief make-up artist <a href="/wiki/Tom_Smith_(make-up_artist)" title="Tom Smith (make-up artist)">Tom Smith</a> filled the Well of Souls catacombs.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> To get the monkey to perform a <a href="/wiki/Nazi_salute" title="Nazi salute">Nazi salute</a>, the trainer hit it on the head to make it touch the affected area. When this did not work, the filmmakers hung a grape over its head to encourage it to reach up; it took 50 takes to capture.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage3-36">[33]</a> A partially deaf rat was used for the scene of the ark humming in the hold of the Bantu Wind, giving it a unique and unnatural head movement.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage4-54">[49]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Visuals_and_sound">Visuals and sound</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Visuals and sound">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Matte_painting" title="Matte painting">Matte paintings</a> were used to create more elaborate backgrounds: these included the establishing shot of Marion's Nepalese bar and the warehouse where the Ark is later stored, the latter painted by <a href="/wiki/Michael_Pangrazio" title="Michael Pangrazio">Michael Pangrazio</a>. Spielberg disliked the painting of the <a href="/wiki/China_Clipper" title="China Clipper">China Clipper</a> plane (by <a href="/wiki/Alan_Maley" title="Alan Maley">Alan Maley</a>) as he did not think it looked real against the water they had filmed.<a href="#cite_note-68">[f]</a> Jones' attire—a leather jacket and khaki pants—was based on <a href="/wiki/Humphrey_Bogart" title="Humphrey Bogart">Humphrey Bogart</a>'s in <a href="/wiki/The_Treasure_of_the_Sierra_Madre_(film)" title="The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (film)">The Treasure of the Sierra Madre</a> (1948) and <a href="/wiki/Charlton_Heston" title="Charlton Heston">Charlton Heston</a> in <a href="/wiki/Secret_of_the_Incas" title="Secret of the Incas">Secret of the Incas</a> (1954).<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheRinger-69">[63]</a> Costume designer <a href="/wiki/Deborah_Nadoolman_Landis" title="Deborah Nadoolman Landis">Deborah Nadoolman Landis</a> dumped boxes of hats on the floor for Ford to try on. After picking the right style, she purchased an Australian model she aged with <a href="/wiki/Fuller%27s_earth" title="Fuller's earth">Fuller's earth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mineral_oil" title="Mineral oil">mineral oil</a>, and then scrunched beneath a bed. The hat allowed them to create a recognizable image even in silhouette.<a href="#cite_note-TheRinger-69">[63]</a> Designer <a href="/wiki/Ralph_McQuarrie" title="Ralph McQuarrie">Ralph McQuarrie</a> was responsible for the Ark decorations.<a href="#cite_note-SyfyArk-70">[64]</a> Spielberg wanted a moodier <a href="/wiki/Film_noir" title="Film noir">film noir</a> lighting style like in <a href="/wiki/The_Informer_(1935_film)" title="The Informer (1935 film)">The Informer</a> (1935). In contrast, Slocombe wanted to make things brighter and used backlighting to create a greater depth of field; Spielberg preferred his changes. Slocombe often employed natural light, using solar position predictions to plot a scene's layout. Spielberg liked the beams of sunlight glimpsed through scenery and tasked special effects artist <a href="/wiki/Kit_West" title="Kit West">Kit West</a> with using a smoke machine to create artificial sunlight shards. For the bar fight, Spielberg wanted pitch-black shadows on the wall, but the lighting required to achieve this would have shrouded the actors' eyes; he settled for subtler shadings. He also wanted to illuminate the Well of Souls with a lighting effect through the ceiling opening, but once this was sealed it no longer made sense. The flaming torches used in the scene did not provide enough light, so he opted to use an artificial light source. Spielberg noted Allen always looked beautiful in her scenes because Slocombe spent twice as long setting up her lighting as he did Ford's.<a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a> Sound effects supervisor <a href="/wiki/Ben_Burtt" title="Ben Burtt">Ben Burtt</a> recorded the film's many sounds. The snake slithering is a mix of Burtt running his hands through cheese casserole and wet sponges being dragged across grip tape; the rolling boulder is a <a href="/wiki/Honda_Civic" title="Honda Civic">Honda Civic</a> driving down a gravel hill; and the Ark lid opening is the sound of a <a href="/wiki/Cistern#Toilet_cisterns" title="Cistern">toilet cistern</a> being opened.<a href="#cite_note-MovieFone-17">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-MentalFloss20-40">[36]</a> The Ark spirits are the cries of sea lions and dolphins filtered through a <a href="/wiki/Vocoder" title="Vocoder">vocoder</a>. Jones' revolver is the sound of a <a href="/wiki/Winchester_rifle" title="Winchester rifle">Winchester rifle</a> firing, while his whip-crack was made by recording Ford using the whip.<a href="#cite_note-MentalFloss20-40">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Release">Release</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Release">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Context">Context</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Context">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/1981_in_film" title="1981 in film">1981 in film</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External videos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gz4crpFaW4M">Raiders of the Lost Ark theatrical trailer</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></td></tr></tbody></table> By the summer of 1981 (June–September), the film industry had been in decline for over a year. This was the result of few box office successes, rising film production costs, diminishing audiences, and increasing ticket prices.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesSupermanRelease-71">[65]</a> The season was predicted to be down 10% or $250 million against the previous year.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesPrediction-72">[66]</a> Over 60 films were scheduled for release—more than the previous year—by studios eager to make the next <a href="/wiki/Blockbuster_(entertainment)" title="Blockbuster (entertainment)">blockbuster</a> film. This increased competition to attract audiences, mainly those aged 12 to 24, at the most profitable time of the year.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesSupermanRelease-71">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimesPrediction-72">[66]</a> The superhero film <a href="/wiki/Superman_II" title="Superman II">Superman II</a> was expected to dominate the season,<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesPrediction-72">[66]</a> and based on industry experts and audience polling, films including <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_World,_Part_I" title="History of the World, Part I">History of the World, Part I</a>, the latest James Bond film <a href="/wiki/For_Your_Eyes_Only_(film)" title="For Your Eyes Only (film)">For Your Eyes Only</a>, and <a href="/wiki/The_Great_Muppet_Caper" title="The Great Muppet Caper">The Great Muppet Caper</a>, were also expected to perform well.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesPrediction-72">[66]</a> Conversely, audience polling by <a href="/wiki/CinemaScore" title="CinemaScore">CinemaScore</a> showed little awareness or anticipation for Raiders until nationwide previews a week before its release.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesPrediction-72">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimesPreviews-73">[67]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> reported Paramount had provided theater owners with a more beneficial deal than usual to ensure Raiders was screened in the best theaters and locations.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesSupermanRelease-71">[65]</a> Featuring two camels, an elephant, and a python, the press event for the film cost $10,000.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesPress-74">[68]</a> Film prints were supplied to theaters in lead-sealed containers to prevent tampering alongside a letter to theater managers stating they were responsible for any misuse of the film. This letter inspired a whistleblower at one theater to alert Paramount of the planned theft of a Raiders print to make <a href="/wiki/Copyright_infringement" title="Copyright infringement">pirated copies</a>.<a href="#cite_note-RaidersPiracy-75">[69]</a> The 1,200 film prints cost an estimated $1.7 million.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesPrints-76">[70]</a> The theatrical release poster was created by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Amsel" title="Richard Amsel">Richard Amsel</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Amsel-77">[71]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Box_office">Box office</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Box office">edit</a>]</div> In the United States (U.S.) and Canada, Raiders of the Lost Ark was released on June 12, 1981, in 1,078 theaters.<a href="#cite_note-TheNumbersSummary-78">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheNumbersBOSummary-79">[73]</a> The film earned $8.3 million—an average of $7,705 per theater,<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesSupermanRelease-71">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheNumbers1981June12-80">[74]</a> and finished as the <a href="/wiki/List_of_1981_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 1981 box office number-one films in the United States">number one film</a> of the weekend, ahead of the debuts of <a href="/wiki/Clash_of_the_Titans_(1981_film)" title="Clash of the Titans (1981 film)">Clash of the Titans</a> ($6.6 million) and <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_World,_Part_I" title="History of the World, Part I">History of the World, Part I</a> ($4.9 million).<a href="#cite_note-TheNumbers1981June12-80">[74]</a> The film fell to the number three position in its second weekend with an additional gross of $8 million—a decline of only four percent—behind the debuts of <a href="/wiki/The_Cannonball_Run" title="The Cannonball Run">The Cannonball Run</a> ($11.8 million) and Superman II ($14.1 million).<a href="#cite_note-TheNumbers1981June19-81">[75]</a> By its fourth week, Raiders began climbing box office charts, reaching the number two position with a gross of $7.3 million, behind Superman II ($10.9 million).<a href="#cite_note-TheNumbers1981June26-82">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheNumbers1981July3-83">[77]</a> In its sixth week, it regained the number one position with $6.4 million.<a href="#cite_note-TheNumbers1981July17-84">[78]</a> The film spent most of the following nine weeks as the number one film, and forty-weeks straight as one of the top ten highest-grossing films.<a href="#cite_note-TheNumbersBOSummary-79">[73]</a> It was declared the top box office film of the summer by early September, with a total approximate gross of $125 million. Of this figure, $72 million was estimated to have been returned to the studio; the profit-sharing deal with Spielberg and Lucas meant that after marketing costs, Paramount had earned $23 million in profit.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesIndySummerWinner-85">[79]</a> The film remained a steady success; six months after its release, industry executives joked Raiders would be the year's big Christmas film.<a href="#cite_note-TelegraphRetro-38">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimesXmas-86">[80]</a> The film officially left theaters on March 18, 1982, although some were still playing it by July.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage5-57">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-BOMTickets-87">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGinsberg19821-88">[82]</a> Raiders earned an approximate total box office gross of $212.2 million, making it the highest-grossing film of 1981, ahead of <a href="/wiki/On_Golden_Pond_(1981_film)" title="On Golden Pond (1981 film)">On Golden Pond</a> ($119.3 million), Superman II ($108.1 million), and <a href="/wiki/Stripes_(film)" title="Stripes (film)">Stripes</a> ($85.3 million).<a href="#cite_note-TheNumbersBOSummary-79">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheNumbers1981Overall-89">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-OldGoodBOMSummary-90">[84]</a> An estimate by <a href="/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a> suggests over 77 million tickets were bought to see the film.<a href="#cite_note-BOMTickets-87">[81]</a> Raiders remains the "leggiest" film ever released, referring to the difference between the highest-weekend gross and the time taken to achieve the overall total gross.<a href="#cite_note-TelegraphRetro-38">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheNumbersLeggiest-91">[85]</a> Outside the U.S. and Canada, Raiders earned a further $141.7 million, making it the highest-grossing film ahead of For Your Eyes Only ($140.5 million) and Superman II ($82.2 million).<a href="#cite_note-TheNumbers1981OutsideNA-92">[86]</a> In total, the film earned a worldwide gross of $354 million,<a href="#cite_note-93">[g]</a> making it the highest-grossing film of 1981 worldwide, again ahead of For Your Eyes Only ($195.3 million) and Superman II ($190.4 million).<a href="#cite_note-TheNumbersBOSummary-79">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheNumbers1981OutsideNA-92">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheNumbers1981Worldwide-94">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-OldBomWorldwide1981-95">[88]</a> Raiders has been re-released several times, first in July 1982, when it earned an additional $21.4 million and again in March 1983, when the film earned an additional $11.4 million.<a href="#cite_note-TelegraphRetro-38">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGinsberg19821-88">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-OldGoodBOMOveralls-96">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimesSummer1982-97">[90]</a> A remastered <a href="/wiki/IMAX" title="IMAX">IMAX</a> version, supervised by Spielberg, was released in 267 U.S. and Canadian theaters. The success of the release led to the run being extended to 300 additional theaters.<a href="#cite_note-IMAX-98">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-IMAXIGN-99">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-IMAXDeadline-100">[93]</a> These releases have raised the film's worldwide theatrical gross to an estimated $389.9 million.<a href="#cite_note-OldGoodBOMSummary-90">[84]</a> The record $1.95 billion summer box-office of 1981 represented a 15.6% increase over 1980, with a 22.5% increase in ticket sales. This success was attributed mainly to Raiders and Superman II.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesIndySummerWinner-85">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimesValenti-101">[94]</a> The most successful film genres of the year offered fun, comedy, and escapism.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesIndySummerWinner-85">[79]</a> Superman II broke box office records, but it was Raiders that earned the most money and played in theaters for over a year.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesSummer1982-97">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimesOneYearLater-102">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes1981June30-103">[96]</a> The New York Times reported that audiences considered other films only if both Superman II and Raiders were sold out.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesQueue-104">[97]</a> It became one of the top-four highest-grossing films ever, a list dominated by Lucas and Spielberg with The Empire Strikes Back, Jaws, and Star Wars.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesSummer1982-97">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimesFourthHighest-105">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimesOscarNom-106">[99]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Reception">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Critical_response">Critical response</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Critical response">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_Freeman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A photograph of Paul Freeman" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Paul_Freeman.jpg/170px-Paul_Freeman.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Paul_Freeman.jpg/255px-Paul_Freeman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Paul_Freeman.jpg/340px-Paul_Freeman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="628" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Actor <a href="/wiki/Paul_Freeman_(actor)" title="Paul Freeman (actor)">Paul Freeman</a> in 2016. He was singled out for praise by the otherwise critical <a href="/wiki/Pauline_Kael" title="Pauline Kael">Pauline Kael</a> for continuing his performance after a fly appeared to crawl into his mouth.</figcaption></figure> Raiders of the Lost Ark was released to general critical acclaim.<a href="#cite_note-AVClubRetro-29">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-TelegraphRetro-38">[34]</a> The <a href="/wiki/National_Board_of_Review" title="National Board of Review">National Board of Review</a> and critic <a href="/wiki/Vincent_Canby" title="Vincent Canby">Vincent Canby</a> listed it as one of the ten best films of the year.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesNBOR-107">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimesTopTenCanby-108">[101]</a> Canby labeled the film an "instant classic" and one of the most humorous and stylish American films ever made. He described it as having refined the old serial films into their most perfect form for a modern audience.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesCanbyReview-18">[16]</a> <a href="/wiki/Roger_Ebert" title="Roger Ebert">Roger Ebert</a> called it a series of "breathless and incredible" adventures inspired by and celebrating childhood stories told in comic books and movies. He concluded the film was successful in its singular goal of entertaining, creating an adventure epic in the vein of Star Wars, the <a href="/wiki/List_of_James_Bond_films" title="List of James Bond films">James Bond films</a>, and Superman.<a href="#cite_note-RevEbert-109">[102]</a> Writing for <a href="/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter" title="The Hollywood Reporter">The Hollywood Reporter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Knight_(film_critic)" title="Arthur Knight (film critic)">Arthur Knight</a> said a constant stream of thrills kept the film moving at a steady pace.<a href="#cite_note-ReviewTHR-110">[103]</a> Writing for <a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a>, Stephen Klain called the film "exhilarating escapist entertainment". He continued that the film successfully balanced action, comedy, and suspense with mystical mythologies.<a href="#cite_note-VarietyReview-8">[6]</a> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Sragow" title="Michael Sragow">Michael Sragow</a> described it as the "ultimate Saturday action matinee".<a href="#cite_note-RollingStoneReview-111">[104]</a> <a href="/wiki/Gene_Siskel" title="Gene Siskel">Gene Siskel</a> said it was as entertaining as a "commercial movie" could be, the kind of film that makes children excited about cinema.<a href="#cite_note-GeneSiskelReview-112">[105]</a> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Schickel" title="Richard Schickel">Richard Schickel</a> called it a return to form for Spielberg, demonstrating a competence not seen since Jaws.<a href="#cite_note-timeSlambangPage1-22">[20]</a> He described it as a film <a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney" title="Walt Disney">Walt Disney</a> would have made were he still alive, featuring an "enchanting" combination of fantasy and cinematic movement.<a href="#cite_note-timeSlambangPage5-48">[44]</a> <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kauffmann" title="Stanley Kauffmann">Stanley Kauffmann</a> said while the film's thrills did work on him, the frequency eventually irritated him. He criticized the film's reliance on nostalgia and updating older films instead of innovating new ideas.<a href="#cite_note-NewRepublicReview-113">[106]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pauline_Kael" title="Pauline Kael">Pauline Kael</a> was critical of the film, saying Lucas and Spielberg had thought like marketers in creating a film that would appeal to the broadest masses. Kael said though Raiders was a sophisticated update of older serials, avoiding cliches with clever editing, it was too focused on surpassing each previous action spectacle to the detriment of characterization or plot progression. She opined the failure of 1941 had made Spielberg too cautious, and scenes evidenced he was rushing and not achieving the best possible take as in his previous work.<a href="#cite_note-PaulineKael-114">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-PaulineKaelNYT-115">[108]</a> Lucas later named a villain in his 1988 fantasy film <a href="/wiki/Willow_(1988_film)" title="Willow (1988 film)">Willow</a> after Kael.<a href="#cite_note-PaulineKaelNYT-115">[108]</a> <a href="/wiki/Dave_Kehr" title="Dave Kehr">Dave Kehr</a> said the constant rush between setpieces felt monotonous. He also criticized the story for allowing the hero to choose to rescue the Ark over his romantic interest on multiple occasions, believing it made Indiana Jones difficult to support.<a href="#cite_note-ChicagoReaderReview-116">[109]</a> Ebert said the amusing and unusual characters elevated the film beyond just a technical accomplishment. He described Ford's performance as taciturn and stubborn character in the vein of Humphrey Bogart in The Treasure of the Sierra Madre, but with the ability to laugh at himself.<a href="#cite_note-RevEbert-109">[102]</a> Klain said Ford's performance was "riveting", marking a major career highlight.<a href="#cite_note-VarietyReview-8">[6]</a> Canby described Ford and Allen as both "endearingly resilient".<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesCanbyReview-18">[16]</a> Ebert said Allen gives Marion a charming toughness.<a href="#cite_note-RevEbert-109">[102]</a> Knight appreciated Marion did not become idiotic when the male star was in danger. His review concluded the character was the definition of an <a href="/wiki/Feminism" title="Feminism">activist</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ReviewTHR-110">[103]</a> Sragow said Allen's physical performance made her every bit the equal of Ford, and her vitality provided a positive counter to Ford's deadpan performance.<a href="#cite_note-RollingStoneReview-111">[104]</a> Kael was critical of many cast performances, feeling they were stilted and heavily scripted. She singled out Freeman for praise, however, for continuing his performance after a fly crawled into his mouth;<a href="#cite_note-PaulineKael-114">[107]</a> Freeman jokingly called it the best review of his career.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage3-36">[33]</a> Klain praised the film's performances, including Lacey's Toht, which he called "the most outrageously offensive Nazi stereotype seen on screen since World War II".<a href="#cite_note-VarietyReview-8">[6]</a> Canby, Knight and Variety singled out the opening of the Ark as one of the film's best special effects.<a href="#cite_note-VarietyReview-8">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimesCanbyReview-18">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReviewTHR-110">[103]</a> Knight said the effects artists deserved a "special accolade" for their work.<a href="#cite_note-ReviewTHR-110">[103]</a> Canby described it as a visual display as "dazzling" as the denouement of Spielberg's Close Encounters of the Third Kind.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesCanbyReview-18">[16]</a> Ebert said the truck chase stunt was the best he had ever seen, ahead of those in films like <a href="/wiki/Bullitt" title="Bullitt">Bullitt</a> (1968) and <a href="/wiki/The_French_Connection_(film)" title="The French Connection (film)">The French Connection</a> (1971).<a href="#cite_note-RevEbert-109">[102]</a> <a href="/wiki/Aljean_Harmetz" title="Aljean Harmetz">Aljean Harmetz</a>, Klain, and Siskel asserted the film's PG rating—meaning any child could see it unsupervised—was too lenient for such a scary film filled with a variety of on-screen deaths. An intermediate rating between PG and R, PG-13, would not be introduced until 1984, in part a response to the violence of the Indiana Jones prequel, Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom. Some children were reported to have suffered nightmares afterward.<a href="#cite_note-VarietyReview-8">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-GeneSiskelReview-112">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimesAgeRating-117">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-PG13-118">[111]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Awards_and_accolades">Awards and accolades</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Awards and accolades">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Richard_Edlund_1_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A photograph of Richard Edlund" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Richard_Edlund_1_%282%29.jpg/170px-Richard_Edlund_1_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Richard_Edlund_1_%282%29.jpg/255px-Richard_Edlund_1_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Richard_Edlund_1_%282%29.jpg/340px-Richard_Edlund_1_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="924" data-file-height="1167" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Richard_Edlund" title="Richard Edlund">Richard Edlund</a> won an <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saturn_Awards" title="Saturn Awards">Saturn Award</a> for the film's visual effects.</figcaption></figure> At the 1982 <a href="/wiki/54th_Academy_Awards" title="54th Academy Awards">Academy Awards</a>, Raiders of the Lost Ark received five awards:<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesSaturn-119">[112]</a> <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Production_Design" title="Academy Award for Best Production Design">Best Art Direction</a> (<a href="/wiki/Norman_Reynolds" title="Norman Reynolds">Norman Reynolds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leslie_Dilley" title="Leslie Dilley">Leslie Dilley</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Michael_D._Ford" title="Michael D. Ford">Michael D. Ford</a>); <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Film_Editing" title="Academy Award for Best Film Editing">Best Film Editing</a> (Michael Kahn); <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Sound" title="Academy Award for Best Sound">Best Sound</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bill_Varney" title="Bill Varney">Bill Varney</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Maslow" title="Steve Maslow">Steve Maslow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gregg_Landaker" title="Gregg Landaker">Gregg Landaker</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Roy_Charman" title="Roy Charman">Roy Charman</a>); <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Sound_Editing" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy Award for Best Sound Editing">Best Sound Editing</a> (Ben Burtt and <a href="/wiki/Richard_L._Anderson_(sound_effects_editor)" title="Richard L. Anderson (sound effects editor)">Richard L. Anderson</a>); and <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Visual_Effects" title="Academy Award for Best Visual Effects">Best Visual Effects</a> (<a href="/wiki/Richard_Edlund" title="Richard Edlund">Richard Edlund</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kit_West" title="Kit West">Kit West</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Nicholson" title="Bruce Nicholson">Bruce Nicholson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Joe_Johnston" title="Joe Johnston">Joe Johnston</a>). The film received a further four nominations: <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture" title="Academy Award for Best Picture">Best Picture</a>; <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Academy Award for Best Director">Best Director</a>; <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Cinematography" title="Academy Award for Best Cinematography">Best Cinematography</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Academy Award for Best Original Score">Best Original Score</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Oscars1982-120">[113]</a> It tied with the drama film <a href="/wiki/Ragtime_(film)" title="Ragtime (film)">Ragtime</a> for the third-most nominations, behind On Golden Pond and Reds.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesOscarNom-106">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-Oscars1982-120">[113]</a> For the <a href="/wiki/39th_Golden_Globe_Awards" title="39th Golden Globe Awards">39th Golden Globe Awards</a>, Raiders received one nomination for <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Golden Globe Award for Best Director">Best Director</a>.<a href="#cite_note-GG82-121">[114]</a> At the <a href="/wiki/9th_Saturn_Awards" title="9th Saturn Awards">9th Saturn Awards</a>, Raiders won seven awards, including <a href="/wiki/Saturn_Award_for_Best_Fantasy_Film" title="Saturn Award for Best Fantasy Film">Best Fantasy Film</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saturn_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="Saturn Award for Best Actor">Best Actor</a> (Ford), <a href="/wiki/Saturn_Award_for_Best_Actress" title="Saturn Award for Best Actress">Best Actress</a> (Allen), <a href="/wiki/Saturn_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Saturn Award for Best Director">Best Director</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saturn_Award_for_Best_Music" title="Saturn Award for Best Music">Best Music</a> (Williams), <a href="/wiki/Saturn_Award_for_Best_Writing" title="Saturn Award for Best Writing">Best Writing</a> (Kasdan), and <a href="/wiki/Saturn_Award_for_Best_Special_Effects" title="Saturn Award for Best Special Effects">Best Special Effects</a> (Edlund).<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesSaturn-119">[112]</a> Spielberg received a <a href="/wiki/34th_Directors_Guild_of_America_Awards" title="34th Directors Guild of America Awards">Directors Guild Award</a> nomination.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesDGAAward-122">[115]</a> The <a href="/wiki/35th_British_Academy_Film_Awards" title="35th British Academy Film Awards">35th British Academy Film Awards</a> earned the film one award for <a href="/wiki/BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Production_Design" title="BAFTA Award for Best Production Design">Best Production Design</a> (Reynolds), and a further six nominations: <a href="/wiki/BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Film" title="BAFTA Award for Best Film">Best Film</a>; <a href="/wiki/BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Actor_in_a_Supporting_Role" title="BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role">Best Supporting Actor</a> for Elliott; <a href="/wiki/BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Original_Music" title="BAFTA Award for Best Original Music">Best Original Music</a>; <a href="/wiki/BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Cinematography" title="BAFTA Award for Best Cinematography">Best Cinematography</a>; <a href="/wiki/BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Editing" title="BAFTA Award for Best Editing">Best Editing</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Best_Sound" class="mw-redirect" title="Best Sound">Best Sound</a> for Charman, Burtt, and Bill Varney.<a href="#cite_note-BAFTA82-123">[116]</a> The film also received a <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Score_Soundtrack_for_Visual_Media" title="Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media">Grammy Award</a> for Williams' score,<a href="#cite_note-Grammys81-124">[117]</a> a <a href="/wiki/8th_People%27s_Choice_Awards" title="8th People's Choice Awards">People's Choice Award</a> for Favorite Motion Picture,<a href="#cite_note-PeoplesChoice-125">[118]</a> a <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Award" title="Hugo Award">Hugo Award</a> for <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Award_for_Best_Dramatic_Presentation" title="Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation">Best Dramatic Presentation</a>,<a href="#cite_note-HugoAaward-126">[119]</a> and a nomination for <a href="/wiki/Writers_Guild_of_America_Award_for_Best_Original_Screenplay" title="Writers Guild of America Award for Best Original Screenplay">Best Original Screenplay</a> at the <a href="/wiki/34th_Writers_Guild_of_America_Awards" title="34th Writers Guild of America Awards">34th Writers Guild of America Awards</a>.<a href="#cite_note-LATimesDerby-127">[120]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-release">Post-release</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Post-release">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Home_media">Home media</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Home media">edit</a>]</div> In the early 1980s, the <a href="/wiki/Videocassette_recorder" title="Videocassette recorder">videocassette recorder</a> (VCR) home video market was rapidly gaining popularity. In previous years, <a href="/wiki/VHS" title="VHS">VHS</a> sales were not a revenue source for studios, but by 1983 they could generate up to 13% of a film's total revenue; the U.S. and Canadian cassette rights could generate $500,000 alone.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesHomeMedia-128">[121]</a> In November 1983, Paramount released a record 500,000 home video copies of Raiders, priced at $39.95. Paramount priced their home videos significantly lower than their competition, reasoning it would broaden the sales audience and promote home video watching.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesVHSRelease-129">[122]</a> By September 1985, over one million copies of the film had sold, making it the bestselling VHS of its time.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesVHSRelease2-130">[123]</a> In 1991, <a href="/wiki/McDonald%27s" title="McDonald's">McDonald's</a> launched possibly "the largest video sales promotion...to date" during which videocassettes of the first three Indiana Jones movies were sold at their restaurants for $5.99 each. Almost 10 million cassettes of the Indiana Jones series had been sold by this point. This promotion was expected to sell at least 5 million more.<a href="#cite_note-McDonaldsVHSRelease-131">[124]</a> By 2000, the film was marketed as Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the Lost Ark for consistency with other titles in the franchise.<a href="#cite_note-EbertTitle-4">[3]</a> In 2003, the film was released on <a href="/wiki/DVD-Video" title="DVD-Video">DVD</a> as a bundle with the other two films in the franchise. Like the VHS, it was a success, selling over one million units and becoming the fastest-selling DVD box set. This set introduced additional materials including Making the Films, a two-hour documentary about the making of the films including deleted scenes, and Behind the Scenes, a series of archival featurettes.<a href="#cite_note-BBCDVD2003-132">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-AVClubDVD2003-133">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-IGNBluRay2012-134">[127]</a> The film and its sequels were released as a collection on <a href="/wiki/Blu-ray" title="Blu-ray">Blu-ray</a> disc in 2012, as Indiana Jones: The Complete Adventures. Spielberg worked on the films' restoration for the higher-quality format.<a href="#cite_note-IGNBluRay2012-134">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-THRBluRay2012-135">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-ColliderBluRay2012-136">[129]</a> This release included the additional content of previous releases.<a href="#cite_note-ColliderBluRay2012-136">[129]</a> For its 40th anniversary in 2021, the film was released in a remastered <a href="/wiki/4K_resolution" title="4K resolution">4K resolution</a> <a href="/wiki/Ultra-high-definition_television" title="Ultra-high-definition television">Ultra HD</a> Blu-ray based on the original film negative, as part of a boxset including the series' other films.<a href="#cite_note-IGN4KBluRay-137">[130]</a> This version was released individually in 2023.<a href="#cite_note-ColliderBluRay2023-138">[131]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_media">Other media</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Other media">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_in_other_media" class="mw-redirect" title="Indiana Jones in other media">Indiana Jones in other media</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Indiana_Jones_Epic_Stunt_Spectacular!_(8187488890).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A photograph depicting a replica scene of the Flying Wing being destroyed at a stunt show. Actors portraying Indiana Jones and Marion Ravenwood are positioned in the lower-left corner. The photo is taken from behind audience members." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Indiana_Jones_Epic_Stunt_Spectacular%21_%288187488890%29.jpg/220px-Indiana_Jones_Epic_Stunt_Spectacular%21_%288187488890%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Indiana_Jones_Epic_Stunt_Spectacular%21_%288187488890%29.jpg/330px-Indiana_Jones_Epic_Stunt_Spectacular%21_%288187488890%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Indiana_Jones_Epic_Stunt_Spectacular%21_%288187488890%29.jpg/440px-Indiana_Jones_Epic_Stunt_Spectacular%21_%288187488890%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>A scene from the <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_Epic_Stunt_Spectacular!" title="Indiana Jones Epic Stunt Spectacular!">Indiana Jones Epic Stunt Spectacular!</a> stunt show depicting Jones and Marion fleeing an exploding flying wing</figcaption></figure> Raiders of the Lost Ark has been represented across a wide variety of merchandise, including comic books,<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesComics-139">[132]</a> video games,<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesVideoGame-140">[133]</a> novels,<a href="#cite_note-MovieFone-17">[15]</a> <a href="/wiki/Lego_Indiana_Jones" title="Lego Indiana Jones">Lego</a> sets,<a href="#cite_note-GizmodoLego-141">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-LegoWired-142">[135]</a> action figures and vehicles, playsets,<a href="#cite_note-MerchSuperHeroHype-143">[136]</a> candles,<a href="#cite_note-IGNCandles-144">[137]</a> and board games.<a href="#cite_note-BoardGame-145">[138]</a> It has received several game adaptations. <a href="/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark_(video_game)" title="Raiders of the Lost Ark (video game)">Raiders of the Lost Ark</a> was released in 1982 for the <a href="/wiki/Atari_2600" title="Atari 2600">Atari 2600</a> console.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesVideoGame-140">[133]</a><a href="#cite_note-RaidersVideoGame-146">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimesVideoGame2-147">[140]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Pinball" title="Pinball">pinball</a> game, <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones:_The_Pinball_Adventure" title="Indiana Jones: The Pinball Adventure">Indiana Jones: The Pinball Adventure</a>, was released in 1993,<a href="#cite_note-RaidersVideoGame-146">[139]</a> and a platform game, <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones%27_Greatest_Adventures" title="Indiana Jones' Greatest Adventures">Indiana Jones' Greatest Adventures</a>, was released for the <a href="/wiki/Super_Nintendo_Entertainment_System" title="Super Nintendo Entertainment System">Super Nintendo Entertainment System</a> the following year.<a href="#cite_note-RaidersVideoGame-146">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-IGNGreatestAdventures-148">[141]</a> <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Infernal_Machine" title="Indiana Jones and the Infernal Machine">Indiana Jones and the Infernal Machine</a> (1999) includes a bonus level that returns players to the Peruvian temple.<a href="#cite_note-IGNInfernal-149">[142]</a> The Lego-themed adventure game <a href="/wiki/Lego_Indiana_Jones:_The_Original_Adventures" title="Lego Indiana Jones: The Original Adventures">Lego Indiana Jones: The Original Adventures</a> (2008) and its 2009 sequel <a href="/wiki/Lego_Indiana_Jones_2:_The_Adventure_Continues" title="Lego Indiana Jones 2: The Adventure Continues">Lego Indiana Jones 2: The Adventure Continues</a> represent the film and its sequels.<a href="#cite_note-VideoGameLego-150">[143]</a><a href="#cite_note-GuardianLego-151">[144]</a> A 1984 boardgame, <a href="/wiki/The_Adventures_of_Indiana_Jones_Role-Playing_Game" title="The Adventures of Indiana Jones Role-Playing Game">The Adventures of Indiana Jones role playing game</a>, was poorly received, and when the manufacturer lost the license later that decade, all remaining copies had to be burned. All that remained from the destruction were encased in plastic and turned into the <a href="/wiki/Diana_Jones_Award" title="Diana Jones Award">Diana Jones Award</a>—"...diana Jones" being the only legible part of the burnt remains.<a href="#cite_note-BoardGame-145">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-BoardGame2-152">[145]</a> A novelization of the film, written by <a href="/wiki/Campbell_Armstrong" title="Campbell Armstrong">Campbell Black</a>, was released in 1981.<a href="#cite_note-NYTTimesNovelization-153">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-Novel1-154">[147]</a> The book was a worldwide sales success and included details not present in the film. Among them is Marion was aged 15 when she and Jones began their relationship, the staff of Ra headpiece has explicit instructions not to look at the opened Ark, and Brody finds Jones at home after having just entertained one of his students.<a href="#cite_note-MovieFone-17">[15]</a> Black, who was paid $35,000 plus royalties, sued Lucasfilm in 2005 for not paying him his percentage of the book sales profits.<a href="#cite_note-Novel1-154">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-Novel2-155">[148]</a> <a href="/wiki/Marvel_Comics" title="Marvel Comics">Marvel Comics</a> produced a comic book adaptation of the film shortly after its release.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesComics-139">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-CBRComicBooks-156">[149]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_Epic_Stunt_Spectacular!" title="Indiana Jones Epic Stunt Spectacular!">Indiana Jones Epic Stunt Spectacular!</a> is a live amusement show at <a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney_World_Resort" class="mw-redirect" title="Walt Disney World Resort">Walt Disney World Resort</a>, Florida, that has been in operation since 1989. It features several live stunts based on set pieces from the film.<a href="#cite_note-ThemeParkSlashFilm-157">[150]</a> Raiders of the Lost Ark was also one of several films that made up <a href="/wiki/The_Great_Movie_Ride" title="The Great Movie Ride">the Great Movie Ride</a> (1989–2017).<a href="#cite_note-ThemparkPolygon-158">[151]</a> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Themes_and_analysis">Themes and analysis</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Themes and analysis">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rejection_of_Nazism">Rejection of Nazism</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Rejection of Nazism">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-P049500,_Berlin,_Aufmarsch_der_SA_in_Spandau.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A photograph of Nazi paramilitary troops marching in Spandau, Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-P049500%2C_Berlin%2C_Aufmarsch_der_SA_in_Spandau.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-P049500%2C_Berlin%2C_Aufmarsch_der_SA_in_Spandau.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-P049500%2C_Berlin%2C_Aufmarsch_der_SA_in_Spandau.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-P049500%2C_Berlin%2C_Aufmarsch_der_SA_in_Spandau.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-P049500%2C_Berlin%2C_Aufmarsch_der_SA_in_Spandau.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-P049500%2C_Berlin%2C_Aufmarsch_der_SA_in_Spandau.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="549" /></a><figcaption>Nazi paramilitary troops marching in 1932 <a href="/wiki/Spandau" title="Spandau">Spandau</a>, Germany. Raiders can be seen as a form of revenge for the Jewish people, showing the rejection of the Nazis by God.</figcaption></figure> Raiders can be interpreted as a Jewish fantasy about punishing the Nazis for <a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">the Holocaust</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ebertGreatest-2">[1]</a> Spielberg is Jewish, and the Ark is a Jewish artifact described as holding the <a href="/wiki/Ten_Commandments" title="Ten Commandments">Ten Commandments</a> passed down to the Jewish people by God.<a href="#cite_note-ebertGreatest-2">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> In biblical descriptions, the Ark is a gold-plated wooden box that must be carried with poles because it is too holy to be touched.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireMacGuffins-27">[25]</a> Although the Nazi regime persecuted the Jewish people, in the film, they needed to use a Jewish artifact to subjugate the world; however, the artifact was too pure and holy for them to touch and actively rejected them by destroying their symbol emblazoned on the Ark's transportation crate while leaving the crate itself unharmed. Eventually, it also destroys the Nazi forces that open it.<a href="#cite_note-ebertGreatest-2">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a> The Nazis are stopped by the literal intervention of Godly power that leaves the perceived protagonists unharmed.<a href="#cite_note-AVClub1981-159">[152]</a> In another scene, Jones falls underneath a moving truck when its hood-ornament, a Mercedes logo, snaps, mocking Mercedes' involvement in aiding the Nazis.<a href="#cite_note-ebertGreatest-2">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mercedes-160">[153]</a> Elizabeth Hirschman identified elements of the <a href="/wiki/Metaphysics" title="Metaphysics">metaphysical</a>, believing the standard heroic quest was offset by the religious importance of the Ark, an item of <a href="/wiki/Judeo-Christian" title="Judeo-Christian">Judeo-Christian</a> belief. The image of God is one that is inherently on the side of the good, and the destruction of the Nazi villains draws parallels to <a href="/wiki/Yahweh" title="Yahweh">Yahweh</a> visiting <a href="/wiki/Plagues_of_Egypt" title="Plagues of Egypt">plagues on Egypt</a> for enslaving the <a href="/wiki/Israelites" title="Israelites">Israelites</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHirschman2001-161">[154]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cinematic_homage">Cinematic homage</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Cinematic homage">edit</a>]</div> Raiders of the Lost Ark is a pastiche of cinematic history, inspired by and referencing many films. Spielberg stated explicitly the film is about movies and designed as a tribute to filmmaking.<a href="#cite_note-timeSlambangPage3-162">[155]</a> Alongside directly referenced inspirations like early 20th-century serials,<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-MovieFone-17">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-GRAdarOverview-21">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-timeSlambangPage1-22">[20]</a> the film contains references to <a href="/wiki/Citizen_Kane" title="Citizen Kane">Citizen Kane</a> (1941), the film noir <a href="/wiki/Kiss_Me_Deadly" title="Kiss Me Deadly">Kiss Me Deadly</a> (1955), the <a href="/wiki/Samurai_cinema" title="Samurai cinema">samurai film</a> <a href="/wiki/Yojimbo" title="Yojimbo">Yojimbo</a> (1961), and the epic <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_of_Arabia_(film)" title="Lawrence of Arabia (film)">Lawrence of Arabia</a> (1962), among others.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesCanbyReview-18">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-FSRHomage-163">[156]</a> Citizen Kane is referenced directly in Raiders's last scene where the Ark is secured in a vast warehouse, a fate similar to that of the beloved childhood sled belonging to Citizen Kane's principal character.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesCanbyReview-18">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-McGee2011-164">[157]</a> Raiders also references several of Lucas' own films: the translation of the German U-boat announcement is "1138", a reference to science fiction film <a href="/wiki/THX_1138" title="THX 1138">THX 1138</a> (1971); and numerous nods to Star Wars including the characters of <a href="/wiki/R2-D2" title="R2-D2">R2-D2</a> and <a href="/wiki/C-3PO" title="C-3PO">C-3PO</a> appearing as hieroglyphics inside the Well of Souls.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-MovieFone-17">[15]</a> Richard Crinkley recounted audience members of <a href="/wiki/King_David_(film)" title="King David (film)">King David</a> (1985) associated its use of the Ark explicitly with Raiders instead of its biblical origins. He deemed this an example of "cinemate visual literacy", an increasing number of people educated by visual media rather than text.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrinkley198576–77-165">[158]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sociology">Sociology</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Sociology">edit</a>]</div> One of the film's themes—shared with Superman II (released the same year in the United States)—has been interpreted as American security being put at risk. These films are emblematic of their time and the contemporary fears of American citizens. The Nazi characters are based on a former threat to America, and like Superman II, Raiders requires the intervention of a superhuman character to prevent destruction at the hands of enemy forces—a character audiences can admire, but never possibly emulate. Janet Maslin argues that the fantasy of these films and the larger-than-life characters are designed to satisfy audiences who do not want to reflect on the world around them.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesQueue-104">[97]</a> Jones is striving to recover the Ark both to stop the Nazis but also for personal glory, but the film never dwells on the regular people around the world who would be affected by an invincible Nazi army.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesQueue-104">[97]</a> Raiders offers a counter to the American national embarrassments of the controversial <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> (1955–1975), the <a href="/wiki/Watergate_scandal" title="Watergate scandal">Watergate scandal</a> (1972), <a href="/wiki/Early_1980s_recession" title="Early 1980s recession">a recession</a>, and the growing influence of foreign nations.<a href="#cite_note-AVClubRetro-29">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHunter2003-166">[159]</a> The period setting of the film also presents audiences with a time tinged in romantic nostalgia and filled with the possibility for adventure.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesSerials-19">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-AVClubRetro-29">[27]</a> Robin Wood wrote that Raiders, Superman, and Star Wars provide a familiar, comforting content using the nostalgic memories of the older serial films of which they are derivative, presenting an idealized vision of older traditional values. Wood opined the purpose of this was to subdue contemporary radical social movements eager for change.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYockey200832–33-167">[160]</a> Jennifer Barker suggested that Raiders offers audiences what they want, and does not challenge their values or beliefs as anything but correct.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarker2008173-168">[161]</a> The macho male action hero archetype of the era, conveyed by Jones, can also be seen as reinforcing traditional masculinity in the face of growing feminism. Describing the typical interpretation of this archetype, Latham Hunter said films such as Raiders, <a href="/wiki/Lethal_Weapon" title="Lethal Weapon">Lethal Weapon</a> (1987), and <a href="/wiki/Die_Hard" title="Die Hard">Die Hard</a> (1988) evolve the <a href="/wiki/Everyman" title="Everyman">everyman</a> character into someone who can overcome impossible odds and promote American might.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHunter2003-166">[159]</a> Jones is an American hero who steps in reluctantly to save the world by overcoming almost exclusively foreign enemies.<a href="#cite_note-AVClubRetro-29">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-TelegraphRetro-38">[34]</a> Barker argues that Jones is an individualist placed in opposition to a fascist or totalitarian regime, making Raiders a "conservative serial fantasy" film.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarker2008173-168">[161]</a> Hunter believed this focus on masculinity was short-sighted, and these films succeeded because they offered escapism from reality, and presented an outclassed hero who reflected the audiences' own feelings of powerlessness.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHunter2003-166">[159]</a> Jones has been criticized as a poor portrayal of an archaeologist and that his actions amount to theft.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcGeough2006174–177-169">[162]</a> Archaeologist Winifred Creamer described Jones as the "worst thing to happen to archaeology" as he "walks a fine line between what's an archaeologist and what's a professional looter."<a href="#cite_note-NPRCreamer-170">[163]</a> Kevin McGeough wrote that the archetypal film archaeologist in older films was never the hero, but often a subject to be saved or conquered by the actual hero. Jones is imbued with the self-reliance and physical competence of the traditional hero, but with an intelligence that is recognized and celebrated, setting him apart from older heroes.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcGeough2006174–177-169">[162]</a> Even so, Jones is hunting the Ark, in part, for personal glory attached to its recovery. When given the opportunity to destroy it to prevent its misuse, Belloq calls his bluff and Jones backs down. Belloq suggests he is a skewed reflection of Jones, and only a small change would turn Jones into Belloq.<a href="#cite_note-AVClub1981-159">[152]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcGeough2006178-171">[164]</a> In her argument that the film is about <a href="/wiki/Colonialism" title="Colonialism">colonialism</a>, Tatiana Prorokova identified Jones and the Nazis as all-Caucasian males invading foreign lands, belonging to people of color, to steal a local treasure for their own personal benefit.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEProrokova202051–52,_56–57-172">[165]</a> In dismissing the supernatural aspects of the Ark, Jones also dismisses its cultural significance, rendering it a prize to be collected for his sake.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEProrokova202058–59-173">[166]</a> As the hero, Jones represents the United States' unfettered right to protect the Ark from others. Although according to Lucas the character of Indiana is named after his childhood dog, Prorokova insists that the hero is named for the U.S. state of Indiana, a state named after wars against Native Americans by colonizers.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEProrokova202057-174">[167]</a> Raiders is set at a time when much of the world lived under colonial rule, and the film presents the non-white characters either as subjugated by the Nazis and reliant on a white American for aid or as collaborating with the Nazis.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEProrokova202056-175">[168]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Legacy">edit</a>]</div> Raiders of the Lost Ark has had a lasting effect on popular culture. It is considered a <a href="/wiki/Touchstone_(metaphor)" title="Touchstone (metaphor)">touchstone</a> of modern cinema, creating a film framework still emulated by other films.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage5-57">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-DOGLegacy-176">[169]</a> Spielberg has said he considers it the most perfect film of the series because he never wanted to modify it or change anything about it.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage5-57">[52]</a> Ford's performance led to his casting in the 1982 science fiction <a href="/wiki/Cult_following" title="Cult following">cult classic</a> film <a href="/wiki/Blade_Runner" title="Blade Runner">Blade Runner</a>.<a href="#cite_note-TelegraphRetro-38">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-BFIBladeRunner-177">[170]</a> Kasdan became one of the most in-demand writers in Hollywood, and helped write Lucas's Star Wars sequel, The Empire Strikes Back (1980).<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimesIndySummerWinner-85">[79]</a> Despite opening new opportunities for Allen, she expressed disappointment with the film because her character was motivated more by her relationship with Jones and financial gain than with her father and his obsession with the Ark. She unsuccessfully lobbied for rewrites to address this and explore her character further.<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-WAPOAllen-60">[55]</a> Even so, Allen affirmed that many women and girls had appreciated and been inspired by her character. Forty years after the film's release, Allen affirmed she still received positive feedback from young women.<a href="#cite_note-40thannTHR-45">[41]</a> Shortly after the film's release, <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Rader" title="Stanley Rader">Stanley Rader</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Lawrence_Kuhn" title="Robert Lawrence Kuhn">Robert Kuhn</a> filed a lawsuit against the filmmakers for $210 million alleging the film was based on Ark, a screenplay and unpublished novel by Kuhn. The outcome of this lawsuit is unknown.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesLawsuit-178">[171]</a> The film led to an increase in students studying archaeology, and many modern archaeologists have cited the film as an inspiration. Rhys-Davies said he had met over 150 lecturers, professors, and archaeologists who told him their interest in the field began with the film.<a href="#cite_note-NatGeo-25">[23]</a> The original Indiana Jones costume hat and jacket were stored indiscriminately after filming, at Lucas's <a href="/wiki/Skywalker_Ranch" title="Skywalker Ranch">Skywalker Ranch</a>, until 2012. Nadoolman Landis recovered the items to be exhibited as part of a Hollywood costume display at the <a href="/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum" title="Victoria and Albert Museum">Victoria and Albert Museum</a> in London.<a href="#cite_note-TheRinger-69">[63]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cultural_influence">Cultural influence</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Cultural influence">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Indy_and_Marion.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A photograph of a man and woman dressed as Indiana Jones and Marion Ravenwood respectively at a fan convention" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Indy_and_Marion.jpg/170px-Indy_and_Marion.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Indy_and_Marion.jpg/255px-Indy_and_Marion.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Indy_and_Marion.jpg/340px-Indy_and_Marion.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="4272" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cosplay" title="Cosplay">Fans dressed</a> as Indiana Jones and Marion Ravenwood in 2011 at <a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Comic-Con" title="San Diego Comic-Con">San Diego Comic-Con</a></figcaption></figure> In 1999, the United States <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> selected the film to be preserved in the <a href="/wiki/National_Film_Registry" title="National Film Registry">National Film Registry</a> for being culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant.<a href="#cite_note-NationalFilmRegistry-179">[172]</a><a href="#cite_note-NationalFilmRegistry2-180">[173]</a> Assessing the film's legacy in 1997, <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Weinraub" title="Bernard Weinraub">Bernard Weinraub</a>, opined "the decline in the traditional family G-rated film, for 'general' audiences, probably began..." with Raiders of the Lost Ark. He continued, "whether by accident or design... the filmmakers made a comic nonstop action film intended mostly for adults but also for children".<a href="#cite_note-WeinraubNYT-181">[174]</a> Lucas' frequent collaborator <a href="/wiki/Gary_Kurtz" title="Gary Kurtz">Gary Kurtz</a> said that Raiders of the Lost Ark marked the turning point where Lucas became convinced that audiences cared more about "the roller-coaster ride" than the story.<a href="#cite_note-IGNKurtz-182">[175]</a> Authors, actors, and filmmakers have spoken of their appreciation for Raiders of the Lost Ark or cited it as an inspiration in their own careers, including <a href="/wiki/Chris_Carter_(screenwriter)" title="Chris Carter (screenwriter)">Chris Carter</a>,<a href="#cite_note-DOGLegacy-176">[169]</a> <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Jackman" title="Hugh Jackman">Hugh Jackman</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Jackman-183">[176]</a> <a href="/wiki/Simon_Kinberg" title="Simon Kinberg">Simon Kinberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jon_Turteltaub" title="Jon Turteltaub">Jon Turteltaub</a>,<a href="#cite_note-EWCultural-184">[177]</a> <a href="/wiki/Dan_Brown" title="Dan Brown">Dan Brown</a>,<a href="#cite_note-InverseInfluences-185">[178]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joe_Johnston" title="Joe Johnston">Joe Johnston</a>. The experience had an explicit influence on Johnston's directorial effort <a href="/wiki/Captain_America:_The_First_Avenger" title="Captain America: The First Avenger">Captain America: The First Avenger</a> (2011), including character designs.<a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-DOGLegacy-176">[169]</a> Director <a href="/wiki/Steven_Soderbergh" title="Steven Soderbergh">Steven Soderbergh</a> released a black-and-white edit of the film in 2014, removing all the original sounds, intending for viewers to focus on Spielberg's staging and editing.<a href="#cite_note-AVClubSoderbergh-186">[179]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, it was among the action films director <a href="/wiki/James_Gunn" title="James Gunn">James Gunn</a> recommended people watch, and one of the 35 films recommended by <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a>.<a href="#cite_note-IGNGunn-187">[180]</a><a href="#cite_note-CovidIndependent-188">[181]</a> The film has inspired or been referred to in other media including film,<a href="#cite_note-WAPOInspirations-189">[182]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneider2013-190">[183]</a> television shows, and video games.<a href="#cite_note-InverseInfluences-185">[178]</a><a href="#cite_note-WAPOInspirations-189">[182]</a> Between 1982 and 1989, in <a href="/wiki/Ocean_Springs,_Mississippi" title="Ocean Springs, Mississippi">Ocean Springs, Mississippi</a>, children Chris Strompolos, Eric Zala, and Jayson Lamb made an amateur remake of the film, <a href="/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark:_The_Adaptation" title="Raiders of the Lost Ark: The Adaptation">Raiders of the Lost Ark: The Adaptation</a>. Spielberg congratulated the trio on their accomplishment.<a href="#cite_note-VanityFairAdaptation-191">[184]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Critical_reassessment">Critical reassessment</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Critical reassessment">edit</a>]</div> Raiders of the Lost Ark is considered one of the greatest films ever made.<a href="#cite_note-Empire500-192">[185]</a><a href="#cite_note-THRJun14-193">[186]</a><a href="#cite_note-LastingIGN-194">[187]</a><a href="#cite_note-ActionBFI-195">[188]</a> As part of his <a href="/wiki/The_Great_Movies" title="The Great Movies">The Great Movies</a> series, Ebert said while the special effects had not aged well, they were perfect for this type of film. He concluded it was a "whiz-bang slamarama" made with "heedless joy".<a href="#cite_note-ebertGreatest-2">[1]</a> The <a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">British Film Institute</a> called it one of the ten greatest action films of all time, saying "for all its barnstorming staging and <a href="/wiki/Boys%27_Own" title="Boys' Own">boy's-own-adventure</a> larks, it's refreshing Indy's greatest foil comes in three dimensions ... the hard-drinking, wise-cracking, upstagingly brilliant Karen Allen".<a href="#cite_note-ActionBFI-195">[188]</a> A 2014 poll of 2,120 entertainment-industry members by The Hollywood Reporter ranked it the thirteenth best film ever made.<a href="#cite_note-THRJun14-193">[186]</a> It is also listed in the film reference book <a href="/wiki/1001_Movies_You_Must_See_Before_You_Die" title="1001 Movies You Must See Before You Die">1001 Movies You Must See Before You Die</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneider2013-190">[183]</a> On <a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a>, the film holds a 93% approval rating from the aggregated reviews of 152 critics, with an average rating of 9.3/10. The consensus reads, "Featuring bravura set pieces, sly humor, and white-knuckle action, Raiders of the Lost Ark is one of the most consummately entertaining adventure pictures of all time."<a href="#cite_note-RottenTomatoes-196">[189]</a> The film has a score of 86 out of 100 on <a href="/wiki/Metacritic" title="Metacritic">Metacritic</a> based on 15 critics, indicating "universal acclaim".<a href="#cite_note-Metacritic-197">[190]</a> In 2005, the <a href="/wiki/Writers_Guild_of_America_West" title="Writers Guild of America West">Writers Guild of America</a>'s (WGA) listed the film's screenplay as the forty-second greatest screenplay of the preceding 75 years on their 101 Greatest Screenplays list.<a href="#cite_note-WGAGreatest1-198">[191]</a><a href="#cite_note-WGAGreatest2-199">[192]</a> <a href="/wiki/Empire_(magazine)" title="Empire (magazine)">Empire</a> listed the film at number two on its 2008 list of the 500 Greatest Movies of All Time, behind the 1972 crime film <a href="/wiki/The_Godfather" title="The Godfather">The Godfather</a>. They said, "no adventure movie is quite so efficiently entertaining".<a href="#cite_note-Empire500-192">[185]</a> In 1997, the <a href="/wiki/American_Film_Institute" title="American Film Institute">American Film Institute</a> (AFI) ranked Raiders number 60 on its <a href="/wiki/AFI%27s_100_Years...100_Movies" title="AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies">100 Years...100 Movies</a> list recognizing the best American films. They reassessed to number 66 in the 2007 anniversary edition.<a href="#cite_note-AFI1997andAnniversary-200">[193]</a> On the AFI's list of <a href="/wiki/AFI%27s_100_Years...100_Thrills" title="AFI's 100 Years...100 Thrills">the 100 Best Thrills</a>, the film was ranked number 10,<a href="#cite_note-AFIThrills-201">[194]</a> and the 2003 list of the <a href="/wiki/AFI%27s_100_Years...100_Heroes_%26_Villains" title="AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains">100 Best Heroes & Villains</a> ranked the Indiana Jones character as the number two hero, behind <a href="/wiki/Atticus_Finch" title="Atticus Finch">Atticus Finch</a> from <a href="/wiki/To_Kill_a_Mockingbird_(film)" title="To Kill a Mockingbird (film)">To Kill a Mockingbird</a> (1962).<a href="#cite_note-AFIHeroes-202">[195]</a> Several publications have ranked it as one of the greatest films of all time, including number two by Empire,<a href="#cite_note-Empire500-192">[185]</a> number five by <a href="/wiki/Time_Out_(magazine)" title="Time Out (magazine)">Time Out</a>,<a href="#cite_note-TimeOutBest-203">[196]</a> and number 19 by <a href="/wiki/MSN" title="MSN">MSN</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BestofalltimeMSN-204">[197]</a> It has also appeared on lists of the best action films, including number two by <a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a>,<a href="#cite_note-LastingIGN-194">[187]</a> number nine by Time Out<a href="#cite_note-ActionTimeoOut-205">[198]</a> (down from number two in an earlier ranking<a href="#cite_note-BestActionTimeOut2014-206">[199]</a>) and number 11 by <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a><a href="#cite_note-LastingRecGuardian-207">[200]</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Telegraph</a>.<a href="#cite_note-LastingRecTelegraph-208">[201]</a> IGN also named it the best action film of the 1980s.<a href="#cite_note-IGNBest80s-209">[202]</a> Rotten Tomatoes and <a href="/wiki/Esquire_(magazine)" title="Esquire (magazine)">Esquire</a> have labeled it one of the greatest adventure films.<a href="#cite_note-BestAdventureRT-210">[203]</a><a href="#cite_note-BestadventureEsquire-211">[204]</a> Film critic <a href="/wiki/Bilge_Ebiri" title="Bilge Ebiri">Bilge Ebiri</a>, writing for <a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a>, considered it the best film in Spielberg's filmography as of 2018, stating that "Its effects and technique are dazzling; it's a perfect blend of jaw-dropping spectacle and the sort of actor-driven movie-movie moments that are redolent of <a href="/wiki/Classical_Hollywood_cinema" title="Classical Hollywood cinema">Golden-Age-of-Hollywood</a> classics; and it's as perfect a piece of pure, uncut entertainment as anyone has produced in the last few decades."<a href="#cite_note-212">[205]</a> <a href="/wiki/Channel_4" title="Channel 4">Channel 4</a> viewers in the United Kingdom ranked Raiders as the 20th best family film of all time in 2005.<a href="#cite_note-BBCPublicVoteC4-213">[206]</a> In the 2010s, Empire magazine readers named it the seventh-best film of all time,<a href="#cite_note-EmpirePublicVote2018-214">[207]</a> and it was ranked the sixteenth best film of all time, based on <a href="/wiki/IMDb" title="IMDb">IMDb</a> and Rotten Tomatoes user votes and critical ratings.<a href="#cite_note-CulturalUserUSAToday-215">[208]</a> Readers of the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a> voted it the number one summer film, ahead of competition including Jaws and <a href="/wiki/Alien_(film)" title="Alien (film)">Alien</a> (1979).<a href="#cite_note-LATimes2020TwitterVote-216">[209]</a> A 2013 episode of the sitcom <a href="/wiki/The_Big_Bang_Theory" title="The Big Bang Theory">The Big Bang Theory</a> ("<a href="/wiki/The_Big_Bang_Theory_(season_7)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Big Bang Theory (season 7)">The Raiders Minimization</a>") argues that Jones accomplishes nothing in Raiders, as the Nazis would have eventually found the Ark, opened it, and died regardless of Jones's actions. An essay by Esquire's Matt Pomroy agreed, with the caveat that Marion would have almost certainly died at Toht's hands, and the Ark would have been flown to Germany on the Flying Wing and opened for Hitler, likely killing him. However, Jones's involvement ensures the Americans secure the Ark, preventing the Germans from using it.<a href="#cite_note-EsquireHypothesis-217">[210]</a><a href="#cite_note-AVClubBigBang-218">[211]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sequels_and_spin-offs">Sequels and spin-offs</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Sequels and spin-offs">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones" title="Indiana Jones">Indiana Jones</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sean_Connery_(1983).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A photograph of Sean Connery" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Sean_Connery_%281983%29.jpg/170px-Sean_Connery_%281983%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Sean_Connery_%281983%29.jpg/255px-Sean_Connery_%281983%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Sean_Connery_%281983%29.jpg/340px-Sean_Connery_%281983%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2421" data-file-height="3677" /></a><figcaption>Actor <a href="/wiki/Sean_Connery" title="Sean Connery">Sean Connery</a> in 1983. He was introduced as Indiana Jones' father, Henry, in <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Last_Crusade" title="Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade">Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade</a></figcaption></figure> The success of Raiders of the Lost Ark has spawned four other films. Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom was in development by 1982, while the original was still in theaters.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesSequel-219">[212]</a> A narrative prequel to Raiders, Temple of Doom follows Jones's quest to recover <a href="/wiki/Lingam" title="Lingam">sacred stones</a> and liberate the slaves of a <a href="/wiki/Thuggee" title="Thuggee">Thuggee</a> cult leader. The film became one of the highest-grossing films of 1984 and broke box office records, but fared less well with critics who accused it of racism, sexism, and containing content inappropriate for child audiences.<a href="#cite_note-TODCSM-220">[213]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimesTempleSuccess-221">[214]</a><a href="#cite_note-VICETOD-222">[215]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimespG13-223">[216]</a> A narrative sequel to Raiders, <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Last_Crusade" title="Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade">Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade</a>, was released in 1989. It serves as the final film of the original trilogy and follows Jones and his father, portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Sean_Connery" title="Sean Connery">Sean Connery</a>, on a quest to recover the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Grail" title="Holy Grail">Holy Grail</a>.<a href="#cite_note-SequelLastCrusade-224">[217]</a><a href="#cite_note-SequelLastCrusadeOral-225">[218]</a> Like its predecessor, The Last Crusade broke box office records, becoming one of the year's highest-grossing films. It was also well received by critics.<a href="#cite_note-SequelLastCrusade-224">[217]</a><a href="#cite_note-SequelLastCrusade2-226">[219]</a> Spielberg has said the film was, in part, an "apology" for the reception to Temple of Doom.<a href="#cite_note-DOGLastCrusade-227">[220]</a> Following the conclusion of the film series, Lucas developed a television series, <a href="/wiki/The_Young_Indiana_Jones_Chronicles" title="The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles">The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles</a> (1992–1993), featuring Ford and other actors as Jones at different ages.<a href="#cite_note-EWYoungIndiana-228">[221]</a> A fourth film was released in 2008, titled <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Kingdom_of_the_Crystal_Skull" title="Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull">Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull</a>. It features the return of Allen as Marion Ravenwood and introduces <a href="/wiki/Shia_LaBeouf" title="Shia LaBeouf">Shia LaBeouf</a> as her and Jones' son. The setting moved from the 1930s to the 1950s, pitting Jones against Russians to recover a <a href="/wiki/Crystal_skull" title="Crystal skull">crystal skull</a>.<a href="#cite_note-SequelSyFy-229">[222]</a> The film was a financial success but polarized critics and fans.<a href="#cite_note-SequelSyFy-229">[222]</a><a href="#cite_note-EWSequelCrystal-230">[223]</a><a href="#cite_note-SequelCollider-231">[224]</a> As with Temple of Doom, Lucas and Spielberg have defended the film and apologized for its reception.<a href="#cite_note-SequelSyFy-229">[222]</a><a href="#cite_note-EWSequelCrystal-230">[223]</a> A fifth film, <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Dial_of_Destiny" title="Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny">Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny</a>, was released in June 2023.<a href="#cite_note-4thSequelVariety-232">[225]</a> Novels, comic books, and video games have also been released detailing the further adventures of Indiana Jones and his supporting cast from the films.<a href="#cite_note-RaidersVideoGame-146">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-CBRComicBooks-156">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-SequelYoungIndyComic-233">[226]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireNovels-234">[227]</a> Often set before and after the events of the films, these globe-spanning tales depict Jones' first marriage, and his adventures to discover the <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Spear_of_Destiny" title="Indiana Jones and the Spear of Destiny">Spear of Destiny</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Dance_of_the_Giants" title="Indiana Jones and the Dance of the Giants">Merlin</a>, an Infernal Machine in the Tower of Babel, the Covenant of <a href="/wiki/Gautama_Buddha" class="mw-redirect" title="Gautama Buddha">Buddha</a>,<a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantNovelsGames-235">[228]</a> <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Staff_of_Kings" title="Indiana Jones and the Staff of Kings">the staff of Moses</a>,<a href="#cite_note-EuroGamerGamesNovels-236">[229]</a> <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Philosopher%27s_Stone" title="Indiana Jones and the Philosopher's Stone">the Philosopher's Stone</a>, dinosaurs, a Unicorn horn, <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Peril_at_Delphi" title="Indiana Jones and the Peril at Delphi">the Oracle of Delphi</a>, the secrets of the <a href="/wiki/Sphinx" title="Sphinx">Sphinx</a>, <a href="/wiki/Noah%27s_Ark" title="Noah's Ark">Noah's Ark</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Fate_of_Atlantis" title="Indiana Jones and the Fate of Atlantis">the fate of Atlantis</a>.<a href="#cite_note-IGNNovelsGames-237">[230]</a><a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantNovelsGames-235">[228]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireOnlineNovelsGames-238">[231]</a> Jones is sometimes aided by Sallah in his conflicts against Belloq and <a href="/wiki/Lao_Che_(character)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lao Che (character)">Lao Che</a> (from Temple of Doom), among others.<a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantNovelsGames-235">[228]</a><a href="#cite_note-IGNNovelsGames-237">[230]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Footnotes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> This figure represents the cumulative total accounting for the initial worldwide 1981 box office gross and subsequent releases thereafter. </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> Later marketed as Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the Lost Ark and commonly abbreviated as Raiders.<a href="#cite_note-ebertGreatest-2">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-IndieWireName-3">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-EbertTitle-4">[3]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> Attributed to multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireOralHistoryPage1-23">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-timeSlambangPage2-24">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-NewYorkerSpitball-33">[31]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> The 1981 budget of $20 million is equivalent to $67 million in 2023. </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> Attributed to multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimesSerials-19">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-IndependentRichards-20">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-MentalFloss20-40">[36]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> Attributed to multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-Cinephilia-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-31">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-Vishi-66">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-SlashPangrazio-67">[62]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> The 1981 box office gross of $354 million is equivalent to $1.19 billion in 2023. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Citations">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ebertGreatest-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ebertGreatest_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ebertGreatest_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ebertGreatest_2-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ebertGreatest_2-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ebertGreatest_2-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ebertGreatest_2-5">f</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output 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Are They?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/LA_Weekly" title="LA Weekly">LA Weekly</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200723201510/https://www.laweekly.com/after-33-years-and-an-airplane-explosion-their-raiders-of-the-lost-ark-remake-is-almost-complete-are-they/">Archived</a> from the original on July 23, 2020. Retrieved July 23, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=LA+Weekly&rft.atitle=After+33+Years+and+an+Airplane+Explosion%2C+Their+Raiders+of+the+Lost+Ark+Remake+Is+Almost+Complete.+Are+They%3F&rft.date=2014-11-12&rft.aulast=Nicholson&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.laweekly.com%2Fafter-33-years-and-an-airplane-explosion-their-raiders-of-the-lost-ark-remake-is-almost-complete-are-they%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-VanityFairToht-64">^ <a href="#cite_ref-VanityFairToht_64-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-VanityFairToht_64-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMuren2014" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Muren" title="Dennis Muren">Muren, Dennis</a> (September 22, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vanityfair.com/culture/features/2008/02/spielberg_qanda200802?currentPage=4">"Behind-the-Scenes Photos of ILM's Greats: Jurassic Park, Raiders of the Lost Ark, E.T., and Beyond"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)" title="Vanity Fair (magazine)">Vanity Fair</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120308164351/http://www.vanityfair.com/culture/features/2008/02/spielberg_qanda200802?currentPage=4">Archived</a> from the original on March 8, 2012. Retrieved July 27, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vanity+Fair&rft.atitle=Behind-the-Scenes+Photos+of+ILM%27s+Greats%3A+Jurassic+Park%2C+Raiders+of+the+Lost+Ark%2C+E.T.%2C+and+Beyond&rft.date=2014-09-22&rft.aulast=Muren&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vanityfair.com%2Fculture%2Ffeatures%2F2008%2F02%2Fspielberg_qanda200802%3FcurrentPage%3D4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ScreenRantToht-65"><a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantToht_65-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJacks2020" class="citation web cs1">Jacks, Kelso (March 29, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://screenrant.com/indiana-jones-raiders-lost-ark-face-melt-no-cgi/">"How Raiders of the Lost Ark's Face Melt Was Filmed (Without CGI)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Screen_Rant" title="Screen Rant">Screen Rant</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200330130523/https://screenrant.com/indiana-jones-raiders-lost-ark-face-melt-no-cgi/">Archived</a> from the original on March 30, 2020. Retrieved August 23, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Screen+Rant&rft.atitle=How+Raiders+of+the+Lost+Ark%27s+Face+Melt+Was+Filmed+%28Without+CGI%29&rft.date=2020-03-29&rft.aulast=Jacks&rft.aufirst=Kelso&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscreenrant.com%2Findiana-jones-raiders-lost-ark-face-melt-no-cgi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vishi-66"><a href="#cite_ref-Vishi_66-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNedomansky2014" class="citation web cs1">Nedomansky, Vashi (May 6, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vashivisuals.com/raiders-lost-ark-warehouse-matte-painting/">"Raiders of the Lost Ark – Matte Painting"</a>. Vishi Visuals. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210205010955/https://vashivisuals.com/raiders-lost-ark-warehouse-matte-painting/">Archived</a> from the original on February 5, 2021. Retrieved April 14, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Raiders+of+the+Lost+Ark+%E2%80%93+Matte+Painting&rft.pub=Vishi+Visuals&rft.date=2014-05-06&rft.aulast=Nedomansky&rft.aufirst=Vashi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvashivisuals.com%2Fraiders-lost-ark-warehouse-matte-painting%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SlashPangrazio-67"><a href="#cite_ref-SlashPangrazio_67-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSciretta2012" class="citation web cs1">Sciretta, Peter (August 17, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.slashfilm.com/page-2-498/">"Page 2: Indiana Jones, Lost, Star Wars, The Campaign, Jason Statham, Robot & Frank, King of Kong, Stan Winston, Jaws, Martin Scorsese, Total Recall, Lord of the Rings, Jurassic Park"</a>. <a href="/wiki//Film" title="/Film">/Film</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201129074114/https://www.slashfilm.com/page-2-498/">Archived</a> from the original on November 29, 2020. Retrieved April 14, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%2FFilm&rft.atitle=Page+2%3A+Indiana+Jones%2C+Lost%2C+Star+Wars%2C+The+Campaign%2C+Jason+Statham%2C+Robot+%26+Frank%2C+King+of+Kong%2C+Stan+Winston%2C+Jaws%2C+Martin+Scorsese%2C+Total+Recall%2C+Lord+of+the+Rings%2C+Jurassic+Park&rft.date=2012-08-17&rft.aulast=Sciretta&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.slashfilm.com%2Fpage-2-498%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheRinger-69">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TheRinger_69-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheRinger_69-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheRinger_69-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJake2020" class="citation web cs1">Jake, Kring-Schreifels (June 11, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theringer.com/movies/2020/6/11/21286505/indiana-jones-hat-fedora-history-raiders-of-the-lost-ark">"How Indiana Jones's Fedora Became an Artifact With a Life of Its Own"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Ringer_(website)" title="The Ringer (website)">The Ringer</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200623222204/https://www.theringer.com/movies/2020/6/11/21286505/indiana-jones-hat-fedora-history-raiders-of-the-lost-ark">Archived</a> from the original on June 23, 2020. Retrieved August 1, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+Indiana+Jones%27s+Fedora+Became+an+Artifact+With+a+Life+of+Its+Own&rft.pub=The+Ringer&rft.date=2020-06-11&rft.aulast=Jake&rft.aufirst=Kring-Schreifels&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theringer.com%2Fmovies%2F2020%2F6%2F11%2F21286505%2Findiana-jones-hat-fedora-history-raiders-of-the-lost-ark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SyfyArk-70"><a href="#cite_ref-SyfyArk_70-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBullard2020" class="citation web cs1">Bullard, Benjamin (February 25, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.syfy.com/syfywire/indiana-jones-lost-ark-found-antiques-roadshow">"Indiana Jones' Lost Ark Found Again...On Antiques Roadshow"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Syfy" title="Syfy">Syfy</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200805055244/https://www.syfy.com/syfywire/indiana-jones-lost-ark-found-antiques-roadshow">Archived</a> from the original on August 5, 2020. 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Retrieved August 19, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=%27Jedi%27+Prints+Stolen+For+Cassette+Piracy%2C+Movie+Industry+Says&rft.date=1983-07-09&rft.aulast=Harmetz&rft.aufirst=Aljean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1983%2F07%2F09%2Fmovies%2Fjedi-prints-stolen-for-cassette-piracy-movie-industry-says.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimesPrints-76"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesPrints_76-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarmetz1982" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Aljean_Harmetz" title="Aljean Harmetz">Harmetz, Aljean</a> (March 28, 1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1982/03/28/magazine/hollywood-s-video-gamble.html">"Hollywood's Video Gamble"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727181047/https://www.nytimes.com/1982/03/28/magazine/hollywood-s-video-gamble.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Hollywood%27s+Video+Gamble&rft.date=1982-03-28&rft.aulast=Harmetz&rft.aufirst=Aljean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1982%2F03%2F28%2Fmagazine%2Fhollywood-s-video-gamble.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Amsel-77"><a href="#cite_ref-Amsel_77-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScott2017" class="citation news cs1">Scott, Cavan (March 6, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.creativebloq.com/movies/iconic-movie-posters-712378">"The Top 25 Movie Posters Of All Time"</a>. Creative Bloq. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200919023313/https://www.creativebloq.com/movies/iconic-movie-posters-712378">Archived</a> from the original on September 19, 2020. Retrieved April 13, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Creative+Bloq&rft.atitle=The+Top+25+Movie+Posters+Of+All+Time&rft.date=2017-03-06&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=Cavan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.creativebloq.com%2Fmovies%2Ficonic-movie-posters-712378&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheNumbersSummary-78"><a href="#cite_ref-TheNumbersSummary_78-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Raiders-of-the-Lost-Ark#tab=summary">"Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Numbers_(website)" title="The Numbers (website)">The Numbers</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200820001553/https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Raiders-of-the-Lost-Ark#tab=summary">Archived</a> from the original on August 20, 2020. Retrieved July 28, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Raiders+of+the+Lost+Ark+%281981%29&rft.pub=The+Numbers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-numbers.com%2Fmovie%2FRaiders-of-the-Lost-Ark%23tab%3Dsummary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheNumbersBOSummary-79">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TheNumbersBOSummary_79-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheNumbersBOSummary_79-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheNumbersBOSummary_79-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheNumbersBOSummary_79-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Raiders-of-the-Lost-Ark#tab=box-office">"Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Numbers_(website)" title="The Numbers (website)">The Numbers</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200820001553/https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Raiders-of-the-Lost-Ark#tab=box-office">Archived</a> from the original on August 20, 2020. Retrieved July 28, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Raiders+of+the+Lost+Ark+%281981%29&rft.pub=The+Numbers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-numbers.com%2Fmovie%2FRaiders-of-the-Lost-Ark%23tab%3Dbox-office&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheNumbers1981June12-80">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TheNumbers1981June12_80-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheNumbers1981June12_80-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-numbers.com/box-office-chart/weekend/1981/06/12">"Weekend Domestic Chart for June 12, 1981"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Numbers_(website)" title="The Numbers (website)">The Numbers</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191106163940/https://www.the-numbers.com/box-office-chart/weekend/1981/06/12">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2019. Retrieved July 28, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Weekend+Domestic+Chart+for+June+12%2C+1981&rft.pub=The+Numbers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-numbers.com%2Fbox-office-chart%2Fweekend%2F1981%2F06%2F12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheNumbers1981June19-81"><a href="#cite_ref-TheNumbers1981June19_81-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-numbers.com/box-office-chart/weekend/1981/06/19">"Weekend Domestic Chart for June 19, 1981"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Numbers_(website)" title="The Numbers (website)">The Numbers</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210121213556/https://www.the-numbers.com/box-office-chart/weekend/1981/06/19">Archived</a> from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved July 29, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Weekend+Domestic+Chart+for+June+19%2C+1981&rft.pub=The+Numbers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-numbers.com%2Fbox-office-chart%2Fweekend%2F1981%2F06%2F19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheNumbers1981June26-82"><a href="#cite_ref-TheNumbers1981June26_82-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-numbers.com/box-office-chart/weekend/1981/06/26">"Weekend Domestic Chart for June 26, 1981"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Numbers_(website)" title="The Numbers (website)">The Numbers</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201129115254/https://www.the-numbers.com/box-office-chart/weekend/1981/06/26">Archived</a> from the original on November 29, 2020. Retrieved July 29, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Weekend+Domestic+Chart+for+June+26%2C+1981&rft.pub=The+Numbers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-numbers.com%2Fbox-office-chart%2Fweekend%2F1981%2F06%2F26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheNumbers1981July3-83"><a href="#cite_ref-TheNumbers1981July3_83-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-numbers.com/box-office-chart/weekend/1981/07/03">"Weekend Domestic Chart for July 3, 1981"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Numbers_(website)" title="The Numbers (website)">The Numbers</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190809224607/https://www.the-numbers.com/box-office-chart/weekend/1981/07/03">Archived</a> from the original on August 9, 2019. Retrieved July 29, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Weekend+Domestic+Chart+for+July+3%2C+1981&rft.pub=The+Numbers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-numbers.com%2Fbox-office-chart%2Fweekend%2F1981%2F07%2F03&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheNumbers1981July17-84"><a href="#cite_ref-TheNumbers1981July17_84-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-numbers.com/box-office-chart/weekend/1981/07/17">"Weekend Domestic Chart for July 17, 1981"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Numbers_(website)" title="The Numbers (website)">The Numbers</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210217144642/https://www.the-numbers.com/box-office-chart/weekend/1981/07/17">Archived</a> from the original on February 17, 2021. Retrieved July 29, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Weekend+Domestic+Chart+for+July+17%2C+1981&rft.pub=The+Numbers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-numbers.com%2Fbox-office-chart%2Fweekend%2F1981%2F07%2F17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimesIndySummerWinner-85">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesIndySummerWinner_85-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesIndySummerWinner_85-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesIndySummerWinner_85-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesIndySummerWinner_85-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarmetz1981" class="citation news cs1">Harmetz, Aljean (September 9, 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1981/09/09/movies/hollywood-is-joyous-over-its-record-grossing-summer.html">"Hollywood Is Joyous Over Its Record Grossing Summer"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210309063502/https://www.nytimes.com/1981/09/09/movies/hollywood-is-joyous-over-its-record-grossing-summer.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 9, 2021. Retrieved July 29, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Hollywood+Is+Joyous+Over+Its+Record+Grossing+Summer&rft.date=1981-09-09&rft.aulast=Harmetz&rft.aufirst=Aljean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1981%2F09%2F09%2Fmovies%2Fhollywood-is-joyous-over-its-record-grossing-summer.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimesXmas-86"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesXmas_86-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarmetz1981" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Aljean_Harmetz" title="Aljean Harmetz">Harmetz, Aljean</a> (December 20, 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1981/12/20/movies/hollywood-shivers-in-a-crisis-of-confidence.html">"Hollywood Shivers in a Crisis Of Confidence"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727222817/https://www.nytimes.com/1981/12/20/movies/hollywood-shivers-in-a-crisis-of-confidence.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2020. Retrieved July 30, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Hollywood+Shivers+in+a+Crisis+Of+Confidence&rft.date=1981-12-20&rft.aulast=Harmetz&rft.aufirst=Aljean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1981%2F12%2F20%2Fmovies%2Fhollywood-shivers-in-a-crisis-of-confidence.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BOMTickets-87">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BOMTickets_87-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BOMTickets_87-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160804220003/http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=raidersofthelostark.htm&adjust_yr=1&p=.htm">"Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=raidersofthelostark.htm&adjust_yr=1&p=.htm">the original</a> on August 4, 2016. Retrieved May 31, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Raiders+of+the+Lost+Ark+%281981%29&rft.pub=Box+Office+Mojo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boxofficemojo.com%2Fmovies%2F%3Fid%3Draidersofthelostark.htm%26adjust_yr%3D1%26p%3D.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGinsberg19821-88">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGinsberg19821_88-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGinsberg19821_88-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFGinsberg1982">Ginsberg 1982</a>, p. 1. </li> <li id="cite_note-TheNumbers1981Overall-89"><a href="#cite_ref-TheNumbers1981Overall_89-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-numbers.com/box-office-records/domestic/all-movies/cumulative/released-in-1981">"Top 1981 Movies at the Domestic Box Office"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Numbers_(website)" title="The Numbers (website)">The Numbers</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210309155903/https://www.the-numbers.com/box-office-records/domestic/all-movies/cumulative/released-in-1981">Archived</a> from the original on March 9, 2021. Retrieved July 29, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Top+1981+Movies+at+the+Domestic+Box+Office&rft.pub=The+Numbers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-numbers.com%2Fbox-office-records%2Fdomestic%2Fall-movies%2Fcumulative%2Freleased-in-1981&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-OldGoodBOMSummary-90">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OldGoodBOMSummary_90-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-OldGoodBOMSummary_90-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150122071157/http://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=raidersofthelostark.htm">"Raiders of the Lost Ark"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=raidersofthelostark.htm">the original</a> on January 22, 2015. Retrieved August 23, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Raiders+of+the+Lost+Ark&rft.pub=Box+Office+Mojo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fboxofficemojo.com%2Fmovies%2F%3Fid%3Draidersofthelostark.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheNumbersLeggiest-91"><a href="#cite_ref-TheNumbersLeggiest_91-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-numbers.com/box-office-records/domestic/all-movies/legs/leggiest">"Leggiest Movies"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Numbers_(website)" title="The Numbers (website)">The Numbers</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200604154708/https://www.the-numbers.com/box-office-records/domestic/all-movies/legs/leggiest">Archived</a> from the original on June 4, 2020. Retrieved July 29, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Leggiest+Movies&rft.pub=The+Numbers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-numbers.com%2Fbox-office-records%2Fdomestic%2Fall-movies%2Flegs%2Fleggiest&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheNumbers1981OutsideNA-92">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TheNumbers1981OutsideNA_92-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheNumbers1981OutsideNA_92-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-numbers.com/box-office-records/international/all-movies/cumulative/released-in-1981">"Top 1981 Movies at the International Box Office"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Numbers_(website)" title="The Numbers (website)">The Numbers</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191222023819/https://www.the-numbers.com/box-office-records/international/all-movies/cumulative/released-in-1981">Archived</a> from the original on December 22, 2019. Retrieved July 29, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Top+1981+Movies+at+the+International+Box+Office&rft.pub=The+Numbers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-numbers.com%2Fbox-office-records%2Finternational%2Fall-movies%2Fcumulative%2Freleased-in-1981&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheNumbers1981Worldwide-94"><a href="#cite_ref-TheNumbers1981Worldwide_94-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-numbers.com/box-office-records/worldwide/all-movies/cumulative/released-in-1981">"Top 1981 Movies at the Worldwide Box Office"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Numbers_(website)" title="The Numbers (website)">The Numbers</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200506075934/https://www.the-numbers.com/box-office-records/worldwide/all-movies/cumulative/released-in-1981">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved July 29, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Top+1981+Movies+at+the+Worldwide+Box+Office&rft.pub=The+Numbers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-numbers.com%2Fbox-office-records%2Fworldwide%2Fall-movies%2Fcumulative%2Freleased-in-1981&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-OldBomWorldwide1981-95"><a href="#cite_ref-OldBomWorldwide1981_95-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boxofficemojo.com/year/world/1981/">"1981 Worldwide Box Office"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200823141929/https://www.boxofficemojo.com/year/world/1981/">Archived</a> from the original on August 23, 2020. Retrieved August 23, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1981+Worldwide+Box+Office&rft.pub=Box+Office+Mojo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boxofficemojo.com%2Fyear%2Fworld%2F1981%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-OldGoodBOMOveralls-96"><a href="#cite_ref-OldGoodBOMOveralls_96-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150121124856/http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?page=releases&id=raidersofthelostark.htm">"Raiders of the Lost Ark"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?page=releases&id=raidersofthelostark.htm">the original</a> on January 21, 2015. Retrieved August 23, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Raiders+of+the+Lost+Ark&rft.pub=Box+Office+Mojo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.boxofficemojo.com%2Fmovies%2F%3Fpage%3Dreleases%26id%3Draidersofthelostark.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimesSummer1982-97">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesSummer1982_97-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesSummer1982_97-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesSummer1982_97-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarmetz1981" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Aljean_Harmetz" title="Aljean Harmetz">Harmetz, Aljean</a> (June 25, 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1982/05/17/movies/what-movies-will-be-the-big-winners-this-summer.html">"What Movies Will Be The Big Winners This Summer?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727181926/https://www.nytimes.com/1982/05/17/movies/what-movies-will-be-the-big-winners-this-summer.html?searchResultPosition=84">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2020. Retrieved July 30, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=What+Movies+Will+Be+The+Big+Winners+This+Summer%3F&rft.date=1981-06-25&rft.aulast=Harmetz&rft.aufirst=Aljean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1982%2F05%2F17%2Fmovies%2Fwhat-movies-will-be-the-big-winners-this-summer.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-IMAX-98"><a href="#cite_ref-IMAX_98-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFItzkoff2012" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Dave_Itzkoff" title="Dave Itzkoff">Itzkoff, Dave</a> (August 14, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/08/14/raiders-of-the-lost-ark-to-receive-imax-re-release/">"That's a Big Boulder, Indy: Steven Spielberg on the Imax Rerelease of 'Raiders of the Lost Ark'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120816082654/http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/08/14/raiders-of-the-lost-ark-to-receive-imax-re-release/">Archived</a> from the original on August 16, 2012. Retrieved August 15, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=That%27s+a+Big+Boulder%2C+Indy%3A+Steven+Spielberg+on+the+Imax+Rerelease+of+%27Raiders+of+the+Lost+Ark%27&rft.date=2012-08-14&rft.aulast=Itzkoff&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fartsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com%2F2012%2F08%2F14%2Fraiders-of-the-lost-ark-to-receive-imax-re-release%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-IMAXIGN-99"><a href="#cite_ref-IMAXIGN_99-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNicholson2012" class="citation web cs1">Nicholson, Max (September 14, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ign.com/articles/2012/09/14/raiders-of-the-lost-ark-extends-its-imax-theatrical-run">"Raiders of the Lost Ark Extends Its IMAX Theatrical Run"</a>. <a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131019104719/http://www.ign.com/articles/2012/09/14/raiders-of-the-lost-ark-extends-its-imax-theatrical-run">Archived</a> from the original on October 19, 2013. Retrieved August 19, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=Raiders+of+the+Lost+Ark+Extends+Its+IMAX+Theatrical+Run&rft.date=2012-09-14&rft.aulast=Nicholson&rft.aufirst=Max&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ign.com%2Farticles%2F2012%2F09%2F14%2Fraiders-of-the-lost-ark-extends-its-imax-theatrical-run&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-IMAXDeadline-100"><a href="#cite_ref-IMAXDeadline_100-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170621083314/http://deadline.com/2012/09/raiders-of-the-lost-ark-run-extended-336429/">"'Raiders of the Lost Ark' Run Extended"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood" title="Deadline Hollywood">Deadline Hollywood</a>. September 14, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deadline.com/2012/09/raiders-of-the-lost-ark-run-extended-336429/">the original</a> on June 21, 2017. Retrieved August 17, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deadline+Hollywood&rft.atitle=%27Raiders+of+the+Lost+Ark%27+Run+Extended&rft.date=2012-09-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeadline.com%2F2012%2F09%2Fraiders-of-the-lost-ark-run-extended-336429%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimesValenti-101"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesValenti_101-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1981/10/08/movies/film-box-offices-set-8-month-record.html">"Film Box Offices Set 8-Month Record"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. October 8, 1981. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727180353/https://www.nytimes.com/1981/10/08/movies/film-box-offices-set-8-month-record.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2020. Retrieved July 30, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Film+Box+Offices+Set+8-Month+Record&rft.date=1981-10-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1981%2F10%2F08%2Fmovies%2Ffilm-box-offices-set-8-month-record.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimesOneYearLater-102"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesOneYearLater_102-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarmetz1982" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Aljean_Harmetz" title="Aljean Harmetz">Harmetz, Aljean</a> (June 8, 1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/08/movies/star-trek-ii-sets-mark-for-sales-at-opening.html">"'Star Trek II' Sets Mark For Sales at Opening"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727190441/https://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/08/movies/star-trek-ii-sets-mark-for-sales-at-opening.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2020. Retrieved July 30, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=%27Star+Trek+II%27+Sets+Mark+For+Sales+at+Opening&rft.date=1982-06-08&rft.aulast=Harmetz&rft.aufirst=Aljean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1982%2F06%2F08%2Fmovies%2Fstar-trek-ii-sets-mark-for-sales-at-opening.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes1981June30-103"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes1981June30_103-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarmetz1981" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Aljean_Harmetz" title="Aljean Harmetz">Harmetz, Aljean</a> (June 30, 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1981/06/30/movies/superman-breaks-record.html">"'Superman' Breaks Record"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727181612/https://www.nytimes.com/1981/06/30/movies/superman-breaks-record.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2020. Retrieved July 30, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=%27Superman%27+Breaks+Record&rft.date=1981-06-30&rft.aulast=Harmetz&rft.aufirst=Aljean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1981%2F06%2F30%2Fmovies%2Fsuperman-breaks-record.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimesQueue-104">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesQueue_104-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesQueue_104-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesQueue_104-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaslin1981" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Janet_Maslin" title="Janet Maslin">Maslin, Janet</a> (July 19, 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1981/07/19/movies/film-view-unreal-heroes-for-the-80-s.html">"Film View; Unreal Heroes for the 80's"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727193720/https://www.nytimes.com/1981/07/19/movies/film-view-unreal-heroes-for-the-80-s.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2020. Retrieved July 30, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Film+View%3B+Unreal+Heroes+for+the+80%27s&rft.date=1981-07-19&rft.aulast=Maslin&rft.aufirst=Janet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1981%2F07%2F19%2Fmovies%2Ffilm-view-unreal-heroes-for-the-80-s.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimesFourthHighest-105"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesFourthHighest_105-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChase1982" class="citation news cs1">Chase, Chris (June 11, 1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/11/movies/at-the-movies-lelouch-film-runs-3-hours-6-if-you-d-like.html">"At The Movies; Lelouch film runs 3 hours; 6 if you'd like"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210202072328/https://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/11/movies/at-the-movies-lelouch-film-runs-3-hours-6-if-you-d-like.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 2, 2021. Retrieved July 30, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=At+The+Movies%3B+Lelouch+film+runs+3+hours%3B+6+if+you%27d+like.&rft.date=1982-06-11&rft.aulast=Chase&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1982%2F06%2F11%2Fmovies%2Fat-the-movies-lelouch-film-runs-3-hours-6-if-you-d-like.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimesOscarNom-106">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesOscarNom_106-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesOscarNom_106-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarmetz1982" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Aljean_Harmetz" title="Aljean Harmetz">Harmetz, Aljean</a> (February 12, 1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1982/02/12/movies/reds-and-golden-pond-top-oscar-nominations.html">"'Reds' And 'Golden Pond' Top Oscar Nominations"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727175602/https://www.nytimes.com/1982/02/12/movies/reds-and-golden-pond-top-oscar-nominations.html?searchResultPosition=66">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=%27Reds%27+And+%27Golden+Pond%27+Top+Oscar+Nominations&rft.date=1982-02-12&rft.aulast=Harmetz&rft.aufirst=Aljean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1982%2F02%2F12%2Fmovies%2Freds-and-golden-pond-top-oscar-nominations.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimesNBOR-107"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesNBOR_107-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1981/12/17/movies/film-board-picks-bests.html">"Film Board Picks 'bests'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. December 17, 1981. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727231005/https://www.nytimes.com/1981/12/17/movies/film-board-picks-bests.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2020. Retrieved July 30, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Film+Board+Picks+%27bests%27&rft.date=1981-12-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1981%2F12%2F17%2Fmovies%2Ffilm-board-picks-bests.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimesTopTenCanby-108"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesTopTenCanby_108-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCanby1981" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Canby" title="Vincent Canby">Canby, Vincent</a> (December 27, 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1981/12/27/movies/film-view-for-american-movies-a-minor-renaissance.html">"Film View; For American Movies, A Minor Renaissance"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727181931/https://www.nytimes.com/1981/12/27/movies/film-view-for-american-movies-a-minor-renaissance.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2020. Retrieved July 30, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Film+View%3B+For+American+Movies%2C+A+Minor+Renaissance&rft.date=1981-12-27&rft.aulast=Canby&rft.aufirst=Vincent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1981%2F12%2F27%2Fmovies%2Ffilm-view-for-american-movies-a-minor-renaissance.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-RevEbert-109">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RevEbert_109-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RevEbert_109-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RevEbert_109-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RevEbert_109-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEbert1981" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Ebert" title="Roger Ebert">Ebert, Roger</a> (January 1, 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/raiders-of-the-lost-ark-1981">"Raiders of the Lost Ark"</a>. <a href="/wiki/RogerEbert.com" title="RogerEbert.com">RogerEbert.com</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20161215224654/http://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/raiders-of-the-lost-ark-1981">Archived</a> from the original on December 15, 2016. Retrieved August 4, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RogerEbert.com&rft.atitle=Raiders+of+the+Lost+Ark&rft.date=1981-01-01&rft.aulast=Ebert&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rogerebert.com%2Freviews%2Fraiders-of-the-lost-ark-1981&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReviewTHR-110">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewTHR_110-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewTHR_110-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewTHR_110-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewTHR_110-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnight1981" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Knight_(film_critic)" title="Arthur Knight (film critic)">Knight, Arthur</a> (June 5, 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/raiders-lost-ark-review-1981-movie-1011481">"'Raiders of the Lost Ark': THR's 1981 Review"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter" title="The Hollywood Reporter">The Hollywood Reporter</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200811063012/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/raiders-lost-ark-review-1981-movie-1011481">Archived</a> from the original on August 11, 2020. Retrieved August 1, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hollywood+Reporter&rft.atitle=%27Raiders+of+the+Lost+Ark%27%3A+THR%27s+1981+Review&rft.date=1981-06-05&rft.aulast=Knight&rft.aufirst=Arthur&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Freview%2Fraiders-lost-ark-review-1981-movie-1011481&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-RollingStoneReview-111">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RollingStoneReview_111-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RollingStoneReview_111-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSragow1981" class="citation magazine cs1"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Sragow" title="Michael Sragow">Sragow, Michael</a> (June 25, 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-news/inside-raiders-of-the-lost-ark-69261/">"Inside 'Raiders of the Lost Ark'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190709010257/https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-news/inside-raiders-of-the-lost-ark-69261/">Archived</a> from the original on July 9, 2019. Retrieved July 9, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&rft.atitle=Inside+%27Raiders+of+the+Lost+Ark%27&rft.date=1981-06-25&rft.aulast=Sragow&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fmovies%2Fmovie-news%2Finside-raiders-of-the-lost-ark-69261%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-GeneSiskelReview-112">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GeneSiskelReview_112-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GeneSiskelReview_112-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSiskel1999" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gene_Siskel" title="Gene Siskel">Siskel, Gene</a> (October 15, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1999-10-15-9910200025-story.html">"The Movie Reviews"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200605092120/https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1999-10-15-9910200025-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 5, 2020. Retrieved August 12, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=The+Movie+Reviews&rft.date=1999-10-15&rft.aulast=Siskel&rft.aufirst=Gene&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2Fnews%2Fct-xpm-1999-10-15-9910200025-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NewRepublicReview-113"><a href="#cite_ref-NewRepublicReview_113-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKauffmann1981" class="citation magazine cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kauffmann" title="Stanley Kauffmann">Kauffmann, Stanley</a> (July 4, 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newrepublic.com/article/134104/old-ark-new-covenant">"Old Ark, New Covenant"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_Republic" title="The New Republic">The New Republic</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200721145840/https://newrepublic.com/article/134104/old-ark-new-covenant">Archived</a> from the original on July 21, 2020. Retrieved August 12, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Republic&rft.atitle=Old+Ark%2C+New+Covenant&rft.date=1981-07-04&rft.aulast=Kauffmann&rft.aufirst=Stanley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewrepublic.com%2Farticle%2F134104%2Fold-ark-new-covenant&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PaulineKael-114">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PaulineKael_114-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PaulineKael_114-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKael1981" class="citation magazine cs1"><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Kael" title="Pauline Kael">Kael, Pauline</a> (June 15, 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1981/06/15/whipped">"Whipped"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140909125832/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1981/06/15/whipped">Archived</a> from the original on September 9, 2014. Retrieved July 13, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=Whipped&rft.date=1981-06-15&rft.aulast=Kael&rft.aufirst=Pauline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Fmagazine%2F1981%2F06%2F15%2Fwhipped&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PaulineKaelNYT-115">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PaulineKaelNYT_115-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PaulineKaelNYT_115-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVan_Gelder2001" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Van_Gelder" title="Lawrence Van Gelder">Van Gelder, Lawrence</a> (September 4, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/04/movies/pauline-kael-provocative-and-widely-imitated-new-yorker-film-critic-dies-at-82.html">"Pauline Kael, Provocative and Widely Imitated New Yorker Film Critic, Dies at 82"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101031014847/http://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/04/movies/pauline-kael-provocative-and-widely-imitated-new-yorker-film-critic-dies-at-82.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2010. Retrieved July 13, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Pauline+Kael%2C+Provocative+and+Widely+Imitated+New+Yorker+Film+Critic%2C+Dies+at+82&rft.date=2001-09-04&rft.aulast=Van+Gelder&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2001%2F09%2F04%2Fmovies%2Fpauline-kael-provocative-and-widely-imitated-new-yorker-film-critic-dies-at-82.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ChicagoReaderReview-116"><a href="#cite_ref-ChicagoReaderReview_116-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKehr1985" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Dave_Kehr" title="Dave Kehr">Kehr, Dave</a> (April 19, 1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chicagoreader.com/chicago/raiders-of-the-lost-ark/Film?oid=4817691">"Raiders of the Lost Ark"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Reader" title="Chicago Reader">Chicago Reader</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121108011258/https://www.chicagoreader.com/chicago/raiders-of-the-lost-ark/Film?oid=4817691">Archived</a> from the original on November 8, 2012. Retrieved August 12, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Reader&rft.atitle=Raiders+of+the+Lost+Ark&rft.date=1985-04-19&rft.aulast=Kehr&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagoreader.com%2Fchicago%2Fraiders-of-the-lost-ark%2FFilm%3Foid%3D4817691&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimesAgeRating-117"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesAgeRating_117-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarmetz1981" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Aljean_Harmetz" title="Aljean Harmetz">Harmetz, Aljean</a> (June 16, 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1981/06/16/movies/raiders-too-terrifying-to-be-pg.html">"'Raiders': Too Terrifying To Be PG?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727181938/https://www.nytimes.com/1981/06/16/movies/raiders-too-terrifying-to-be-pg.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=%27Raiders%27%3A+Too+Terrifying+To+Be+PG%3F&rft.date=1981-06-16&rft.aulast=Harmetz&rft.aufirst=Aljean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1981%2F06%2F16%2Fmovies%2Fraiders-too-terrifying-to-be-pg.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PG13-118"><a href="#cite_ref-PG13_118-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.today.com/popculture/pg-13-20-how-indiana-remade-films-wbna5798549">"PG-13 at 20: How 'Indiana' remade films"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Today_(American_TV_program)" title="Today (American TV program)">Today</a>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. August 23, 2004. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200724135944/https://www.today.com/popculture/pg-13-20-how-indiana-remade-films-wbna5798549">Archived</a> from the original on July 24, 2020. Retrieved August 19, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Today&rft.atitle=PG-13+at+20%3A+How+%27Indiana%27+remade+films&rft.date=2004-08-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.today.com%2Fpopculture%2Fpg-13-20-how-indiana-remade-films-wbna5798549&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimesSaturn-119">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesSaturn_119-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesSaturn_119-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1982/07/29/movies/raiders-wins-7-awards-from-fantasy-academy.html">"'Raiders' Wins 7 Awards From Fantasy Academy"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_Press_International" title="United Press International">United Press International</a>. July 29, 1982. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210411120323/https://www.nytimes.com/1982/07/29/movies/raiders-wins-7-awards-from-fantasy-academy.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 11, 2021. Retrieved July 31, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=%27Raiders%27+Wins+7+Awards+From+Fantasy+Academy&rft.date=1982-07-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1982%2F07%2F29%2Fmovies%2Fraiders-wins-7-awards-from-fantasy-academy.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Oscars1982-120">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Oscars1982_120-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Oscars1982_120-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1982">"The 54th Academy Awards (1982) Nominees and Winners"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Motion_Picture_Arts_and_Sciences" title="Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences">Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160816140324/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1982">Archived</a> from the original on August 16, 2016. Retrieved October 8, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+54th+Academy+Awards+%281982%29+Nominees+and+Winners&rft.pub=Academy+of+Motion+Picture+Arts+and+Sciences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oscars.org%2Foscars%2Fceremonies%2F1982&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-GG82-121"><a href="#cite_ref-GG82_121-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101124174212/http://www.goldenglobes.org/browse/year/1981">"The 39th Annual Golden Globe Awards (1982)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Foreign_Press_Association" title="Hollywood Foreign Press Association">Hollywood Foreign Press Association</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.goldenglobes.org/browse/year/1981">the original</a> on November 24, 2010. Retrieved August 27, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+39th+Annual+Golden+Globe+Awards+%281982%29&rft.pub=Hollywood+Foreign+Press+Association&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.goldenglobes.org%2Fbrowse%2Fyear%2F1981&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimesDGAAward-122"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesDGAAward_122-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFraser1982" class="citation news cs1">Fraser, C. Gerald (March 15, 1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1982/03/15/movies/beatty-wins-directors-guild-award-for-his-work-on-reds.html">"Beatty Wins Directors Guild Award For His Work On 'Reds'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727183157/https://www.nytimes.com/1982/03/15/movies/beatty-wins-directors-guild-award-for-his-work-on-reds.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Beatty+Wins+Directors+Guild+Award+For+His+Work+On+%27Reds%27&rft.date=1982-03-15&rft.aulast=Fraser&rft.aufirst=C.+Gerald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1982%2F03%2F15%2Fmovies%2Fbeatty-wins-directors-guild-award-for-his-work-on-reds.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BAFTA82-123"><a href="#cite_ref-BAFTA82_123-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://awards.bafta.org/award/1982/film">"Film in 1982"</a>. <a href="/wiki/British_Academy_of_Film_and_Television_Arts" title="British Academy of Film and Television Arts">British Academy of Film and Television Arts</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130502232543/http://awards.bafta.org/award/1982/film">Archived</a> from the original on May 2, 2013. Retrieved August 11, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Film+in+1982&rft.pub=British+Academy+of+Film+and+Television+Arts&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fawards.bafta.org%2Faward%2F1982%2Ffilm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grammys81-124"><a href="#cite_ref-Grammys81_124-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.grammy.com/grammys/awards/24th-annual-grammy-awards-1981">"24th Annual Grammy Awards (1981)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Recording_Academy" title="The Recording Academy">The Recording Academy</a>. November 28, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200805142603/https://www.grammy.com/grammys/awards/24th-annual-grammy-awards-1981">Archived</a> from the original on August 5, 2020. Retrieved August 11, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=24th+Annual+Grammy+Awards+%281981%29&rft.pub=The+Recording+Academy&rft.date=2017-11-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.grammy.com%2Fgrammys%2Fawards%2F24th-annual-grammy-awards-1981&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PeoplesChoice-125"><a href="#cite_ref-PeoplesChoice_125-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.peopleschoice.com/pca/awards/nominees/?year=1982">"People's Choice Awards 1982"</a>. <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Choice_Awards" title="People's Choice Awards">People's Choice Awards</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160617180738/http://www.peopleschoice.com/pca/awards/nominees/?year=1982">Archived</a> from the original on June 17, 2016. Retrieved August 11, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=People%27s+Choice+Awards+1982&rft.pub=People%27s+Choice+Awards&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.peopleschoice.com%2Fpca%2Fawards%2Fnominees%2F%3Fyear%3D1982&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HugoAaward-126"><a href="#cite_ref-HugoAaward_126-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/1982-hugo-awards/">"1982 Hugo Awards"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Worldcon" title="Worldcon">Worldcon</a>. July 26, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130415231259/http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/1982-hugo-awards/">Archived</a> from the original on April 15, 2013. Retrieved August 11, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1982+Hugo+Awards&rft.pub=Worldcon&rft.date=2007-07-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehugoawards.org%2Fhugo-history%2F1982-hugo-awards%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LATimesDerby-127"><a href="#cite_ref-LATimesDerby_127-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Neil2008" class="citation web cs1">O'Neil, Tom (May 8, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080509050751/http://goldderby.latimes.com/awards_goldderby/2008/05/will-indiana-jo.html">"Will 'Indiana Jones,' Steven Spielberg and Harrison Ford come swashbuckling back into the awards fight?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://goldderby.latimes.com/awards_goldderby/2008/05/will-indiana-jo.html">the original</a> on May 9, 2008. 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Retrieved July 5, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Hollywood+Thriving+On+Video-cassette+Boom&rft.date=1984-05-17&rft.aulast=Harmetz&rft.aufirst=Aljean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1984%2F05%2F07%2Fmovies%2Fhollywood-thriving-on-video-cassette-boom.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimesVHSRelease-129"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesVHSRelease_129-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalmans1983" class="citation news cs1">Salmans, Sandra (December 12, 1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1983/12/12/business/hollywood-gambles-on-video.html">"Hollywood Gambles On Video"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210206093026/https://www.nytimes.com/1983/12/12/business/hollywood-gambles-on-video.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 6, 2021. 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September 13, 1985. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210829062800/https://www.nytimes.com/1985/09/13/movies/beverly-hills-cop-to-be-a-video-cassette.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 29, 2021. 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Retrieved February 28, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=%245.99+McDeal+on+%27Indiana+Jones%27+Videos&rft.date=1991-12-07&rft.au=Billboard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2Fnews%2Fct-xpm-1991-12-07-9104200174-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBCDVD2003-132"><a href="#cite_ref-BBCDVD2003_132-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/3229887.stm">"Indiana Jones 'raids DVD record'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News_Online" title="BBC News Online">BBC News Online</a>. October 31, 2003. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200819130535/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3229887.stm">Archived</a> from the original on August 19, 2020. Retrieved August 19, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Indiana+Jones+%27raids+DVD+record%27&rft.pub=BBC+News+Online&rft.date=2003-10-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fentertainment%2F3229887.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AVClubDVD2003-133"><a href="#cite_ref-AVClubDVD2003_133-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhipps2003" class="citation news cs1">Phipps, Keith (October 28, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.avclub.com/raiders-of-the-lost-ark-1798199027">"Raiders of the Lost Ark"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_A.V._Club" title="The A.V. Club">The A.V. Club</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191105042228/https://film.avclub.com/raiders-of-the-lost-ark-1798199027">Archived</a> from the original on November 5, 2019. Retrieved August 17, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+A.V.+Club&rft.atitle=Raiders+of+the+Lost+Ark&rft.date=2003-10-28&rft.aulast=Phipps&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.avclub.com%2Fraiders-of-the-lost-ark-1798199027&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-IGNBluRay2012-134">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IGNBluRay2012_134-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-IGNBluRay2012_134-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShaffer2012" class="citation web cs1">Shaffer, RL (September 14, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ign.com/articles/2012/09/14/indiana-jones-the-complete-adventures-blu-ray-review-2">"Indiana Jones: The Complete Adventures Blu-ray Review"</a>. <a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160424004628/https://www.ign.com/articles/2012/09/14/indiana-jones-the-complete-adventures-blu-ray-review-2">Archived</a> from the original on April 24, 2016. Retrieved August 17, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=Indiana+Jones%3A+The+Complete+Adventures+Blu-ray+Review&rft.date=2012-09-14&rft.aulast=Shaffer&rft.aufirst=RL&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ign.com%2Farticles%2F2012%2F09%2F14%2Findiana-jones-the-complete-adventures-blu-ray-review-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-THRBluRay2012-135"><a href="#cite_ref-THRBluRay2012_135-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKit2012" class="citation web cs1">Kit, Borys (August 14, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/raiders-lost-ark-imax-361878">"'Raiders of the Lost Ark' to Get Imax Rerelease"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter" title="The Hollywood Reporter">The Hollywood Reporter</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20160428124258/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/raiders-lost-ark-imax-361878">Archived</a> from the original on April 28, 2016. Retrieved August 17, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hollywood+Reporter&rft.atitle=%27Raiders+of+the+Lost+Ark%27+to+Get+Imax+Rerelease&rft.date=2012-08-14&rft.aulast=Kit&rft.aufirst=Borys&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Fheat-vision%2Fraiders-lost-ark-imax-361878&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ColliderBluRay2012-136">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ColliderBluRay2012_136-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ColliderBluRay2012_136-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDellamorte2012" class="citation web cs1">Dellamorte, Andre (October 5, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collider.com/indiana-jones-blu-ray-review/">"Indiana Jones: The Complete Adventures Blu-ray Review"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Collider_(website)" class="mw-redirect" title="Collider (website)">Collider</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200109143223/https://collider.com/indiana-jones-blu-ray-review/">Archived</a> from the original on January 9, 2020. Retrieved August 17, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Indiana+Jones%3A+The+Complete+Adventures+Blu-ray+Review&rft.pub=Collider&rft.date=2012-10-05&rft.aulast=Dellamorte&rft.aufirst=Andre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcollider.com%2Findiana-jones-blu-ray-review%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-IGN4KBluRay-137"><a href="#cite_ref-IGN4KBluRay_137-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReed2021" class="citation web cs1">Reed, Chris (March 16, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ign.com/articles/indiana-jones-box-set-4k-uhd-blu-ray-is-up-for-preorder">"Indiana Jones Box Set 4K UHD Blu-Ray Preorders Down to $79.99"</a>. <a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210319012737/https://www.ign.com/articles/indiana-jones-box-set-4k-uhd-blu-ray-is-up-for-preorder">Archived</a> from the original on March 19, 2021. Retrieved April 8, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=Indiana+Jones+Box+Set+4K+UHD+Blu-Ray+Preorders+Down+to+%2479.99&rft.date=2021-03-16&rft.aulast=Reed&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ign.com%2Farticles%2Findiana-jones-box-set-4k-uhd-blu-ray-is-up-for-preorder&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ColliderBluRay2023-138"><a href="#cite_ref-ColliderBluRay2023_138-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRomanchick2023" class="citation web cs1">Romanchick, Shane (May 13, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collider.com/indiana-jones-movies-4k-uhd-release-date/">"First Four Indiana Jones Movies Set New 4K Ultra HD Releases"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Collider_(website)" class="mw-redirect" title="Collider (website)">Collider</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230513155642/https://collider.com/indiana-jones-movies-4k-uhd-release-date/">Archived</a> from the original on May 13, 2023. 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Retrieved August 19, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=%27Indiana+Jones%27+Stirs+Ratings+Debate&rft.date=1984-05-21&rft.aulast=Harmetz&rft.aufirst=Aljean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1984%2F05%2F21%2Fmovies%2Findiana-jones-stirs-ratings-debate.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SequelLastCrusade-224">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SequelLastCrusade_224-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SequelLastCrusade_224-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarmetz1989" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Aljean_Harmetz" title="Aljean Harmetz">Harmetz, Aljean</a> (May 31, 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1989/05/31/movies/indiana-jones-conquers-box-office-competition.html">"Indiana Jones Conquers Box-Office Competition"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210411120335/https://www.nytimes.com/1989/05/31/movies/indiana-jones-conquers-box-office-competition.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 11, 2021. Retrieved August 19, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Indiana+Jones+Conquers+Box-Office+Competition&rft.date=1989-05-31&rft.aulast=Harmetz&rft.aufirst=Aljean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1989%2F05%2F31%2Fmovies%2Findiana-jones-conquers-box-office-competition.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SequelLastCrusadeOral-225"><a href="#cite_ref-SequelLastCrusadeOral_225-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.empireonline.com/movies/features/indiana-jones-making-last-crusade/">"The Making Of Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Empire_(magazine)" title="Empire (magazine)">Empire</a>. October 8, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200716141310/https://www.empireonline.com/movies/features/indiana-jones-making-last-crusade/">Archived</a> from the original on July 16, 2020. Retrieved August 19, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Empire&rft.atitle=The+Making+Of+Indiana+Jones+and+the+Last+Crusade&rft.date=2012-10-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.empireonline.com%2Fmovies%2Ffeatures%2Findiana-jones-making-last-crusade%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SequelLastCrusade2-226"><a href="#cite_ref-SequelLastCrusade2_226-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarmetz1990" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Aljean_Harmetz" title="Aljean Harmetz">Harmetz, Aljean</a> (January 4, 1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1990/01/04/movies/hollywood-registers-a-bonanza-for-1989.html">"Hollywood Registers A Bonanza For 1989"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200815194646/https://www.nytimes.com/1990/01/04/movies/hollywood-registers-a-bonanza-for-1989.html?searchResultPosition=46">Archived</a> from the original on August 15, 2020. Retrieved August 17, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Hollywood+Registers+A+Bonanza+For+1989&rft.date=1990-01-04&rft.aulast=Harmetz&rft.aufirst=Aljean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1990%2F01%2F04%2Fmovies%2Fhollywood-registers-a-bonanza-for-1989.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-DOGLastCrusade-227"><a href="#cite_ref-DOGLastCrusade_227-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrew2014" class="citation web cs1">Brew, Simon (January 30, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.denofgeek.com/movies/revisiting-indiana-jones-and-the-last-crusade/">"Revisiting Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Den_of_Geek" title="Den of Geek">Den of Geek</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201128165725/https://www.denofgeek.com/movies/revisiting-indiana-jones-and-the-last-crusade/">Archived</a> from the original on November 28, 2020. Retrieved April 12, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Revisiting+Indiana+Jones+and+the+Last+Crusade&rft.pub=Den+of+Geek&rft.date=2014-01-30&rft.aulast=Brew&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.denofgeek.com%2Fmovies%2Frevisiting-indiana-jones-and-the-last-crusade%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-EWYoungIndiana-228"><a href="#cite_ref-EWYoungIndiana_228-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTucker1992" class="citation magazine cs1">Tucker, Ken (February 28, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ew.com/article/1992/02/28/young-indiana-jones-chronicles/">"The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly" title="Entertainment Weekly">Entertainment Weekly</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200819143257/https://ew.com/article/1992/02/28/young-indiana-jones-chronicles/">Archived</a> from the original on August 19, 2020. Retrieved August 17, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Entertainment+Weekly&rft.atitle=The+Young+Indiana+Jones+Chronicles&rft.date=1992-02-28&rft.aulast=Tucker&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Few.com%2Farticle%2F1992%2F02%2F28%2Fyoung-indiana-jones-chronicles%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SequelSyFy-229">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SequelSyFy_229-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SequelSyFy_229-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SequelSyFy_229-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeitch2020" class="citation web cs1">Leitch, Will (May 20, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.syfy.com/syfywire/indiana-jones-and-the-kingdom-of-the-crystal-skull-history">"This Week in Genre History: Indiana Jones And The Kingdom Of The Crystal Skull Nukes The Fridge"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Syfy" title="Syfy">Syfy</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200809105939/https://www.syfy.com/syfywire/indiana-jones-and-the-kingdom-of-the-crystal-skull-history">Archived</a> from the original on August 9, 2020. 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Retrieved August 17, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Entertainment+Weekly&rft.atitle=Indiana+Jones+and+the+Kingdom+of+the+Crystal+Skull%3A+A+critical+conversation&rft.date=2018-05-22&rft.aulast=Franich&rft.aufirst=Darren&rft.au=Nashawaty%2C+Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Few.com%2Fmovies%2F2018%2F05%2F22%2Findiana-jones-and-the-kingdom-of-the-crystal-skull-turns-10%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SequelCollider-231"><a href="#cite_ref-SequelCollider_231-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMancuso2020" class="citation web cs1">Mancuso, Vinnie (May 22, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collider.com/indiana-jones-kingdom-of-the-crystal-skull-opening-scene-is-good/">"The Opening of 'Kingdom of the Crystal Skull' Makes the Perfect Old Man Indiana Jones Movie"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Collider_(website)" class="mw-redirect" title="Collider (website)">Collider</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200614185641/https://collider.com/indiana-jones-kingdom-of-the-crystal-skull-opening-scene-is-good/">Archived</a> from the original on June 14, 2020. 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Retrieved April 19, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Empire&rft.atitle=The+Indiana+Jones+Novels&rft.date=2012-10-10&rft.aulast=Andersen&rft.aufirst=Andy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.empireonline.com%2Fmovies%2Ffeatures%2Findiana-jones-novels%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Works cited">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarker2008" class="citation journal cs1">Barker, Jennifer (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/226986979">"'A Hero Will Rise': The Myth of the Fascist Man in Fight Club and Gladiator"</a>. Literature/Film Quarterly. 36 (3). <a href="/wiki/Salisbury,_Maryland" title="Salisbury, Maryland">Salisbury, Maryland</a>: <a href="/wiki/Salisbury_University" title="Salisbury University">Salisbury University</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/226986979">226986979</a>. 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The Journal of American Culture. 26 (1). <a href="/wiki/Hoboken,_New_Jersey" title="Hoboken, New Jersey">Hoboken, New Jersey</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wiley-Blackwell" title="Wiley-Blackwell">Wiley-Blackwell</a>: 71–86. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2F1542-734X.00075">10.1111/1542-734X.00075</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/200624872">200624872</a>. 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Chicago, Illinois: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Press" title="University of Chicago Press">University of Chicago Press</a>: 174–185. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2FNEA25067670">10.1086/NEA25067670</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:166381712">166381712</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/221537348">221537348</a>. Retrieved April 10, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Near+Eastern+Archaeology&rft.atitle=Heroes%2C+Mummies%2C+and+Treasure%3A+Near+Eastern+Archaeology+in+the+Movies&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=3%2F4&rft.pages=174-185&rft.date=2006-09%2F2006-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2FNEA25067670&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A166381712%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=McGeough&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F221537348&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFProrokova2020" class="citation book cs1">Prorokova, Tatiana (2020). "Translocations, Cultural Geography and Anthropological Imperialism in Raiders of the Lost Ark". In Randy Laist (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lOnaDwAAQBAJ">Excavating Indiana Jones: Essays on the Films and Franchise</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jefferson,_North_Carolina" title="Jefferson, North Carolina">Jefferson, North Carolina</a>: <a href="/wiki/McFarland_%26_Company" title="McFarland & Company">McFarland & Company</a>. pp. 51–63. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1476639727" title="Special:BookSources/978-1476639727"><bdi>978-1476639727</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Translocations%2C+Cultural+Geography+and+Anthropological+Imperialism+in+Raiders+of+the+Lost+Ark&rft.btitle=Excavating+Indiana+Jones%3A+Essays+on+the+Films+and+Franchise&rft.place=Jefferson%2C+North+Carolina&rft.pages=51-63&rft.pub=McFarland+%26+Company&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-1476639727&rft.aulast=Prorokova&rft.aufirst=Tatiana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlOnaDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchneider2013" class="citation book cs1">Schneider, Steven Jay (2013). "1980s". <a href="/wiki/1001_Movies_You_Must_See_Before_You_Die" title="1001 Movies You Must See Before You Die">1001 Movies You Must See Before You Die</a>. <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston, Massachusetts</a>: <a href="/wiki/Murdoch_Books" title="Murdoch Books">Murdoch Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0764166136" title="Special:BookSources/978-0764166136"><bdi>978-0764166136</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=1980s&rft.btitle=1001+Movies+You+Must+See+Before+You+Die&rft.place=Boston%2C+Massachusetts&rft.pub=Murdoch+Books&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0764166136&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=Steven+Jay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaiders+of+the+Lost+Ark" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYockey2008" class="citation journal cs1">Yockey, Matt (Spring 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/222840506">"Somewhere in Time: Utopia and the Return of Superman"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Velvet_Light_Trap" title="The Velvet Light Trap">The Velvet Light Trap</a>. 61 (61). <a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin, Texas</a>: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_Press" title="University of Texas Press">University of Texas Press</a>: 26–37. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fvlt.2008.0007">10.1353/vlt.2008.0007</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:190119420">190119420</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/222840506">222840506</a>. 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href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174284#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0082971/">Raiders of the Lost Ark</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174284#P345" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmovie.com/movie/v40118">Raiders of the Lost Ark</a> at <a href="/wiki/AllMovie" title="AllMovie">AllMovie</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174284#P1562" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" 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aria-labelledby="Indiana_Jones" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Indiana_Jones" title="Template:Indiana Jones"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Indiana_Jones" title="Template talk:Indiana Jones"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Indiana_Jones" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Indiana Jones"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Indiana_Jones" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones" title="Indiana Jones">Indiana Jones</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Raiders of the Lost Ark</a> (1981) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark_(soundtrack)" title="Raiders of the Lost Ark (soundtrack)">soundtrack</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Temple_of_Doom" title="Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom">The Temple of Doom</a> (1984) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Temple_of_Doom_(soundtrack)" title="Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom (soundtrack)">soundtrack</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Last_Crusade" title="Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade">The Last Crusade</a> (1989) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Last_Crusade_(soundtrack)" title="Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (soundtrack)">soundtrack</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Kingdom_of_the_Crystal_Skull" title="Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull">The Kingdom of the Crystal Skull</a> (2008) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Kingdom_of_the_Crystal_Skull_(soundtrack)" title="Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (soundtrack)">soundtrack</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Dial_of_Destiny" title="Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny">The Dial of Destiny</a> (2023) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Dial_of_Destiny_(soundtrack)" title="Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny (soundtrack)">soundtrack</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Young_Indiana_Jones_Chronicles" title="The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles">The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles</a> (1992–96) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_The_Young_Indiana_Jones_Chronicles_episodes" title="List of The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles episodes">episodes</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indiana_Jones_characters" title="List of Indiana Jones characters">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_(character)" title="Indiana Jones (character)">Indiana Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Ravenwood" title="Marion Ravenwood">Marion Ravenwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sallah" title="Sallah">Sallah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Jones_Sr." title="Henry Jones Sr.">Henry Jones Sr.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Video games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark_(video_game)" title="Raiders of the Lost Ark (video game)">Raiders of the Lost Ark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_in_the_Lost_Kingdom" title="Indiana Jones in the Lost Kingdom">The Lost Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Temple_of_Doom_(1985_video_game)" title="Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom (1985 video game)">The Temple of Doom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Temple_of_Doom_(1988_video_game)" title="Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom (1988 video game)">NES</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_in_Revenge_of_the_Ancients" title="Indiana Jones in Revenge of the Ancients">Revenge of the Ancients</a></li> <li>The Last Crusade <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Last_Crusade:_The_Action_Game" title="Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade: The Action Game">Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Last_Crusade:_The_Graphic_Adventure" title="Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade: The Graphic Adventure">Adventure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Last_Crusade_(1991_video_game)" title="Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (1991 video game)">NES</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Fate_of_Atlantis" title="Indiana Jones and the Fate of Atlantis">The Fate of Atlantis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Young_Indiana_Jones_Chronicles_(video_game)" title="The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles (video game)">The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instruments_of_Chaos_starring_Young_Indiana_Jones" title="Instruments of Chaos starring Young Indiana Jones">Instruments of Chaos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones%27_Greatest_Adventures" title="Indiana Jones' Greatest Adventures">Greatest Adventures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_His_Desktop_Adventures" title="Indiana Jones and His Desktop Adventures">His Desktop Adventures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Infernal_Machine" title="Indiana Jones and the Infernal Machine">The Infernal Machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Emperor%27s_Tomb" title="Indiana Jones and the Emperor's Tomb">The Emperor's Tomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lego_Indiana_Jones:_The_Original_Adventures" title="Lego Indiana Jones: The Original Adventures">Lego Indiana Jones: The Original Adventures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Staff_of_Kings" title="Indiana Jones and the Staff of Kings">The Staff of Kings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lego_Indiana_Jones_2:_The_Adventure_Continues" title="Lego Indiana Jones 2: The Adventure Continues">Lego Indiana Jones 2: The Adventure Continues</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lego_Indiana_Jones_2:_The_Adventure_Continues_(handheld_video_game)" title="Lego Indiana Jones 2: The Adventure Continues (handheld video game)">handheld</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_Adventure_World" title="Indiana Jones Adventure World">Adventure World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Great_Circle" title="Indiana Jones and the Great Circle">The Great Circle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tabletop RPGs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Adventures_of_Indiana_Jones_Role-Playing_Game" title="The Adventures of Indiana Jones Role-Playing Game">The Adventures of Indiana Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_World_of_Indiana_Jones" title="The World of Indiana Jones">The World of Indiana Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Rising_Sun" title="Indiana Jones and the Rising Sun">The Rising Sun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pinball machines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones:_The_Pinball_Adventure" title="Indiana Jones: The Pinball Adventure">The Pinball Adventure</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Novels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Peril_at_Delphi" title="Indiana Jones and the Peril at Delphi">The Peril at Delphi</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Dance_of_the_Giants" title="Indiana Jones and the Dance of the Giants">The Dance of the Giants</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Seven_Veils" title="Indiana Jones and the Seven Veils">The Seven Veils</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Philosopher%27s_Stone" title="Indiana Jones and the Philosopher's Stone">The Philosopher's Stone</a> (1995)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_(comics)" title="Indiana Jones (comics)">Comics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Iron_Phoenix" title="Indiana Jones and the Iron Phoenix">The Iron Phoenix</a> (1994–95)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Spear_of_Destiny" title="Indiana Jones and the Spear of Destiny">The Spear of Destiny</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Tomb_of_the_Gods" title="Indiana Jones and the Tomb of the Gods">The Tomb of the Gods</a> (2008–09)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Attractions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_Epic_Stunt_Spectacular!" title="Indiana Jones Epic Stunt Spectacular!">Epic Stunt Spectacular!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_et_le_Temple_du_P%C3%A9ril" class="mw-redirect" title="Indiana Jones et le Temple du Péril">Temple du Péril</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_Adventure" title="Indiana Jones Adventure">Indiana Jones Adventure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_Summer_of_Hidden_Mysteries" title="Indiana Jones Summer of Hidden Mysteries">Indiana Jones Summer of Hidden Mysteries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unofficial works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_a_Chr%C3%A1m_zk%C3%A1zy" title="Indiana Jones a Chrám zkázy">Chrám zkázy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark:_The_Adaptation" title="Raiders of the Lost Ark: The Adaptation">Raiders of the Lost Ark: The Adaptation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indyfans_and_the_Quest_for_Fortune_and_Glory" title="Indyfans and the Quest for Fortune and Glory">Indyfans and the Quest for Fortune and Glory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raiders!:_The_Story_of_the_Greatest_Fan_Film_Ever_Made" title="Raiders!: The Story of the Greatest Fan Film Ever Made">Raiders!: The Story of the Greatest Fan Film Ever Made</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_Origins" title="Star Wars: Origins">Star Wars: Origins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lego_Indiana_Jones" title="Lego Indiana Jones">Lego Indiana Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Idol" title="Golden Idol">Golden Idol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montana_Jones" title="Montana Jones">Montana Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veritas:_The_Quest" title="Veritas: The Quest">Veritas: The Quest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_%26_Magic_(TV_series)" title="Light & Magic (TV series)">Light & Magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disney_Magic_Kingdoms" title="Disney Magic Kingdoms">Disney Magic Kingdoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/References_and_parodies_of_Indiana_Jones" title="References and parodies of Indiana Jones">References and parodies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Indiana_Jones" title="Category:Indiana Jones">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Steven_Spielberg" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Steven_Spielberg" title="Template:Steven Spielberg"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Steven_Spielberg" title="Template talk:Steven Spielberg"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Steven_Spielberg" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Steven Spielberg"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Steven_Spielberg" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Steven_Spielberg" title="List of awards and nominations received by Steven Spielberg">Accolades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_works_on_Steven_Spielberg" title="Bibliography of works on Steven Spielberg">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg_filmography" title="Steven Spielberg filmography">Filmography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg%27s_unrealized_projects" title="Steven Spielberg's unrealized projects">Unrealized projects</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films directed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Firelight_(1964_film)" title="Firelight (1964 film)">Firelight</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slipstream_(unfinished_film)" title="Slipstream (unfinished film)">Slipstream</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amblin%27" title="Amblin'">Amblin'</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night_Gallery_(film)" title="Night Gallery (film)">Night Gallery</a> (1969; segment "Eyes")</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duel_(1971_film)" title="Duel (1971 film)">Duel</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Something_Evil" title="Something Evil">Something Evil</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savage_(1973_TV_film)" title="Savage (1973 TV film)">Savage</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sugarland_Express" title="The Sugarland Express">The Sugarland Express</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaws_(film)" title="Jaws (film)">Jaws</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Close_Encounters_of_the_Third_Kind" title="Close Encounters of the Third Kind">Close Encounters of the Third Kind</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1941_(film)" title="1941 (film)">1941</a> (1979)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Raiders of the Lost Ark</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/E.T._the_Extra-Terrestrial" title="E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial">E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twilight_Zone:_The_Movie" title="Twilight Zone: The Movie">Twilight Zone: The Movie</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Temple_of_Doom" title="Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom">Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Color_Purple_(1985_film)" title="The Color Purple (1985 film)">The Color Purple</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_the_Sun_(film)" title="Empire of the Sun (film)">Empire of the Sun</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Last_Crusade" title="Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade">Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Always_(1989_film)" title="Always (1989 film)">Always</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hook_(film)" title="Hook (film)">Hook</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jurassic_Park_(film)" title="Jurassic Park (film)">Jurassic Park</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schindler%27s_List" title="Schindler's List">Schindler's List</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lost_World:_Jurassic_Park" title="The Lost World: Jurassic Park">The Lost World: Jurassic Park</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amistad_(film)" title="Amistad (film)">Amistad</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saving_Private_Ryan" title="Saving Private Ryan">Saving Private Ryan</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A.I._Artificial_Intelligence" title="A.I. Artificial Intelligence">A.I. Artificial Intelligence</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_Report_(film)" title="Minority Report (film)">Minority Report</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catch_Me_If_You_Can" title="Catch Me If You Can">Catch Me If You Can</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Terminal" title="The Terminal">The Terminal</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Worlds_(2005_film)" title="War of the Worlds (2005 film)">War of the Worlds</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munich_(2005_film)" title="Munich (2005 film)">Munich</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Kingdom_of_the_Crystal_Skull" title="Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull">Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Adventures_of_Tintin_(film)" title="The Adventures of Tintin (film)">The Adventures of Tintin</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_Horse_(film)" title="War Horse (film)">War Horse</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_(film)" title="Lincoln (film)">Lincoln</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_of_Spies_(film)" title="Bridge of Spies (film)">Bridge of Spies</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_BFG_(2016_film)" title="The BFG (2016 film)">The BFG</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Post_(film)" title="The Post (film)">The Post</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ready_Player_One_(film)" title="Ready Player One (film)">Ready Player One</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Side_Story_(2021_film)" title="West Side Story (2021 film)">West Side Story</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Fabelmans" title="The Fabelmans">The Fabelmans</a> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films written</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ace_Eli_and_Rodger_of_the_Skies" title="Ace Eli and Rodger of the Skies">Ace Eli and Rodger of the Skies</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poltergeist_(1982_film)" title="Poltergeist (1982 film)">Poltergeist</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Goonies" title="The Goonies">The Goonies</a> (1985)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films produced</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/An_American_Tail:_Fievel_Goes_West" title="An American Tail: Fievel Goes West">An American Tail: Fievel Goes West</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memoirs_of_a_Geisha_(film)" title="Memoirs of a Geisha (film)">Memoirs of a Geisha</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flags_of_Our_Fathers_(film)" title="Flags of Our Fathers (film)">Flags of Our Fathers</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letters_from_Iwo_Jima" title="Letters from Iwo Jima">Letters from Iwo Jima</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_8_(2011_film)" title="Super 8 (2011 film)">Super 8</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hundred-Foot_Journey_(film)" title="The Hundred-Foot Journey (film)">The Hundred-Foot Journey</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maestro_(2023_film)" title="Maestro (2023 film)">Maestro</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Color_Purple_(2023_film)" title="The Color Purple (2023 film)">The Color Purple</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_by_John_Williams" title="Music by John Williams">Music by John Williams</a> (2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamnet_(film)" title="Hamnet (film)">Hamnet</a> (TBA)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/L.A._2017" title="L.A. 2017">L.A. 2017</a>" (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazing_Stories_(1985_TV_series)" title="Amazing Stories (1985 TV series)">Amazing Stories</a> (1985–1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Incident" title="High Incident">High Incident</a> (1996–1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_America" title="Invasion America">Invasion America</a> (1998)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Video games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Dig_(video_game)" title="The Dig (video game)">The Dig</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg%27s_Director%27s_Chair" title="Steven Spielberg's Director's Chair">Steven Spielberg's Director's Chair</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medal_of_Honor_(1999_video_game)" title="Medal of Honor (1999 video game)">Medal of Honor</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medal_of_Honor:_Allied_Assault" title="Medal of Honor: Allied Assault">Medal of Honor: Allied Assault</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boom_Blox" title="Boom Blox">Boom Blox</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boom_Blox_Bash_Party" title="Boom Blox Bash Party">Boom Blox Bash Party</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Irving" title="Amy Irving">Amy Irving</a> (first wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Capshaw" title="Kate Capshaw">Kate Capshaw</a> (second wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destry_Spielberg" title="Destry Spielberg">Destry Spielberg</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasha_Spielberg" title="Sasha Spielberg">Sasha Spielberg</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Spielberg" title="Arnold Spielberg">Arnold Spielberg</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Spielberg" title="Anne Spielberg">Anne Spielberg</a> (sister)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amblin_Partners" title="Amblin Partners">Amblin Partners</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amblin_Entertainment" title="Amblin Entertainment">Amblin Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amblin_Television" title="Amblin Television">Amblin Television</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DreamWorks_Television" title="DreamWorks Television">DreamWorks Television</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amblimation" title="Amblimation">Amblimation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DreamWorks_Pictures" title="DreamWorks Pictures">DreamWorks Pictures</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DreamWorks_Animation" title="DreamWorks Animation">DreamWorks Animation</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USC_Shoah_Foundation" title="USC Shoah Foundation">USC Shoah Foundation Institute for Visual History and Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg_Jewish_Film_Archive" title="Steven Spielberg Jewish Film Archive">Steven Spielberg Jewish Film Archive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammy_Fabelman" title="Sammy Fabelman">Sammy Fabelman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spielberg_(film)" title="Spielberg (film)">Spielberg</a> (2017)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Cannibal_(Marcus_Mumford_song)" title="Cannibal (Marcus Mumford song)">Cannibal</a>" (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="George_Lucas" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:George_Lucas" title="Template:George Lucas"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:George_Lucas" title="Template talk:George Lucas"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:George_Lucas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:George Lucas"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="George_Lucas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/George_Lucas" title="George Lucas">George Lucas</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Lucas_filmography" title="George Lucas filmography">Filmography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Lucas_bibliography" title="George Lucas bibliography">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_George_Lucas" title="List of awards and nominations received by George Lucas">Awards and nominations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films directed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Feature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/THX_1138" title="THX 1138">THX 1138</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Graffiti" title="American Graffiti">American Graffiti</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_(film)" title="Star Wars (film)">Star Wars</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_Episode_I_%E2%80%93_The_Phantom_Menace" title="Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace">Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_Episode_II_%E2%80%93_Attack_of_the_Clones" title="Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones">Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_Episode_III_%E2%80%93_Revenge_of_the_Sith" title="Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith">Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith</a> (2005)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Short</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Look_at_Life_(film)" title="Look at Life (film)">Look at Life</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbie_(film)" title="Herbie (film)">Herbie</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freiheit_(film)" title="Freiheit (film)">Freiheit</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1:42.08" title="1:42.08">1:42.08</a> (1966, documentary)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anyone_Lived_in_a_Pretty_How_Town_(film)" title="Anyone Lived in a Pretty How Town (film)">Anyone Lived in a Pretty How Town</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Emperor_(film)" title="The Emperor (film)">The Emperor</a> (1967, documentary)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_Labyrinth:_THX_1138_4EB" title="Electronic Labyrinth: THX 1138 4EB">Electronic Labyrinth: THX 1138 4EB</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/6-18-67" title="6-18-67">6-18-67</a> (1967, documentary)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filmmaker_(film)" title="Filmmaker (film)">Filmmaker</a> (1968, documentary)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films written</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Empire_Strikes_Back" title="The Empire Strikes Back">The Empire Strikes Back</a> (1980)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Raiders of the Lost Ark</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Return_of_the_Jedi" title="Return of the Jedi">Return of the Jedi</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Temple_of_Doom" title="Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom">Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caravan_of_Courage:_An_Ewok_Adventure" title="Caravan of Courage: An Ewok Adventure">The Ewok Adventure</a> (1984, TV film)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ewoks:_The_Battle_for_Endor" title="Ewoks: The Battle for Endor">Ewoks: The Battle for Endor</a> (1985, TV film)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_EO" title="Captain EO">Captain EO</a> (1986, short attraction)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willow_(1988_film)" title="Willow (1988 film)">Willow</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Last_Crusade" title="Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade">Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radioland_Murders" title="Radioland Murders">Radioland Murders</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Kingdom_of_the_Crystal_Skull" title="Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull">Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strange_Magic_(film)" title="Strange Magic (film)">Strange Magic</a> (2015)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TV series created</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Young_Indiana_Jones_Chronicles" title="The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles">The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles</a> (1992–96 / 1999–2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_The_Clone_Wars_(2008_TV_series)" title="Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series)">Star Wars: The Clone Wars</a> (2008–14; 2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_Detours" title="Star Wars Detours">Star Wars Detours</a> (unaired)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books written</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_From_the_Adventures_of_Luke_Skywalker" title="Star Wars: From the Adventures of Luke Skywalker">Star Wars: From the Adventures of Luke Skywalker</a> (1976, credit only)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Moon" title="Shadow Moon">Shadow Moon</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Dawn" title="Shadow Dawn">Shadow Dawn</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Star_(novel)" title="Shadow Star (novel)">Shadow Star</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Franchises created</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars" title="Star Wars">Star Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones" title="Indiana Jones">Indiana Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willow_(franchise)" class="mw-redirect" title="Willow (franchise)">Willow</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bald:_The_Making_of_THX_1138" title="Bald: The Making of THX 1138">Bald: The Making of THX 1138</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_%26_Magic_(TV_series)" title="Light & Magic (TV series)">Light & Magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Zoetrope" title="American Zoetrope">American Zoetrope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucasfilm" title="Lucasfilm">Lucasfilm</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_Light_%26_Magic" title="Industrial Light & Magic">ILM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LucasArts" class="mw-redirect" title="LucasArts">LucasArts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucasfilm_Animation" title="Lucasfilm Animation">Lucasfilm Animation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skywalker_Sound" title="Skywalker Sound">Skywalker Sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixar" title="Pixar">Pixar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucas_Museum_of_Narrative_Art" title="Lucas Museum of Narrative Art">Lucas Museum of Narrative Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skywalker_Ranch" title="Skywalker Ranch">Skywalker Ranch</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Star_Wars_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="The Star Wars Corporation">The Star Wars Corporation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/THX" title="THX">THX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edutopia" title="Edutopia">Edutopia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Lawrence_Kasdan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Lawrence_Kasdan" title="Template:Lawrence Kasdan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Lawrence_Kasdan" title="Template talk:Lawrence Kasdan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Lawrence_Kasdan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Lawrence Kasdan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lawrence_Kasdan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Kasdan" title="Lawrence Kasdan">Lawrence Kasdan</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films directed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Body_Heat" title="Body Heat">Body Heat</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Big_Chill_(film)" title="The Big Chill (film)">The Big Chill</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silverado_(film)" title="Silverado (film)">Silverado</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Accidental_Tourist_(film)" title="The Accidental Tourist (film)">The Accidental Tourist</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_Love_You_to_Death" title="I Love You to Death">I Love You to Death</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Canyon_(1991_film)" title="Grand Canyon (1991 film)">Grand Canyon</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyatt_Earp_(film)" title="Wyatt Earp (film)">Wyatt Earp</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Kiss_(1995_film)" title="French Kiss (1995 film)">French Kiss</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumford_(film)" title="Mumford (film)">Mumford</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreamcatcher_(2003_film)" title="Dreamcatcher (2003 film)">Dreamcatcher</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darling_Companion" title="Darling Companion">Darling Companion</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_%26_Magic_(TV_series)" title="Light & Magic (TV series)">Light & Magic</a> (2022, docuseries)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Written only</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Empire_Strikes_Back" title="The Empire Strikes Back">The Empire Strikes Back</a> (1980)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Raiders of the Lost Ark</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Divide_(film)" title="Continental Divide (film)">Continental Divide</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Return_of_the_Jedi" title="Return of the Jedi">Return of the Jedi</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bodyguard_(1992_film)" title="The Bodyguard (1992 film)">The Bodyguard</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_The_Force_Awakens" title="Star Wars: The Force Awakens">Star Wars: The Force Awakens</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solo:_A_Star_Wars_Story" title="Solo: A Star Wars Story">Solo: A Star Wars Story</a> (2018)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Kasdan_family" title="Category:Kasdan family">Kasdan family</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Philip_Kaufman" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Philip_Kaufman" title="Template:Philip Kaufman"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Philip_Kaufman" title="Template talk:Philip Kaufman"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Philip_Kaufman" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Philip Kaufman"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Philip_Kaufman" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Philip_Kaufman" title="Philip Kaufman">Philip Kaufman</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films directed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goldstein_(film)" title="Goldstein (film)">Goldstein</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fearless_Frank" title="Fearless Frank">Fearless Frank</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Northfield,_Minnesota_Raid" title="The Great Northfield, Minnesota Raid">The Great Northfield, Minnesota Raid</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_White_Dawn" title="The White Dawn">The White Dawn</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_the_Body_Snatchers_(1978_film)" title="Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1978 film)">Invasion of the Body Snatchers</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wanderers_(1979_film)" title="The Wanderers (1979 film)">The Wanderers</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Stuff_(film)" title="The Right Stuff (film)">The Right Stuff</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Unbearable_Lightness_of_Being_(film)" title="The Unbearable Lightness of Being (film)">The Unbearable Lightness of Being</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_%26_June" title="Henry & June">Henry & June</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rising_Sun_(film)" title="Rising Sun (film)">Rising Sun</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quills_(film)" title="Quills (film)">Quills</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twisted_(2004_film)" title="Twisted (2004 film)">Twisted</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemingway_%26_Gellhorn" title="Hemingway & Gellhorn">Hemingway & Gellhorn</a> (2012, TV film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Written only</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Outlaw_Josey_Wales" title="The Outlaw Josey Wales">The Outlaw Josey Wales</a> (1976)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Raiders of the Lost Ark</a> (1981, co-story)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unproduced projects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Planet_of_the_Titans" title="Star Trek: Planet of the Titans">Star Trek: Planet of the Titans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Kaufman%27s_unrealized_projects" title="Philip Kaufman's unrealized projects">Unrealized projects</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Yearly_highest-grossing_films_in_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Yearly_highest-grossing_US_films" title="Template:Yearly highest-grossing US films"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Yearly_highest-grossing_US_films" title="Template talk:Yearly highest-grossing US films"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Yearly_highest-grossing_US_films" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Yearly highest-grossing US films"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Yearly_highest-grossing_films_in_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_highest-grossing_films_in_the_United_States_by_year" title="List of highest-grossing films in the United States by year">Yearly highest-grossing films in the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Films listed as number-one by in-year release</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1970s–1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_(film)" title="Star Wars (film)">Star Wars</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_1977_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 1977 box office number-one films in the United States">1977</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grease_(film)" title="Grease (film)">Grease</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_1978_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 1978 box office number-one films in the United States">1978</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kramer_vs._Kramer" title="Kramer vs. Kramer">Kramer vs. Kramer</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_1979_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 1979 box office number-one films in the United States">1979</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Empire_Strikes_Back" title="The Empire Strikes Back">The Empire Strikes Back</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_1980_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 1980 box office number-one films in the United States">1980</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Raiders of the Lost Ark</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_1981_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 1981 box office number-one films in the United States">1981</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/E.T._the_Extra-Terrestrial" title="E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial">E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_1982_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 1982 box office number-one films in the United States">1982</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Return_of_the_Jedi" title="Return of the Jedi">Return of the Jedi</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_1983_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 1983 box office number-one films in the United States">1983</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Hills_Cop" title="Beverly Hills Cop">Beverly Hills Cop</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_1984_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 1984 box office number-one films in the United States">1984</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Back_to_the_Future" title="Back to the Future">Back to the Future</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_1985_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 1985 box office number-one films in the United States">1985</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Top_Gun" title="Top Gun">Top Gun</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_1986_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 1986 box office number-one films in the United States">1986</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Men_and_a_Baby" title="Three Men and a Baby">Three Men and a Baby</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_1987_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 1987 box office number-one films in the United States">1987</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rain_Man" title="Rain Man">Rain Man</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_1988_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 1988 box office number-one films in the United States">1988</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batman_(1989_film)" title="Batman (1989 film)">Batman</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_1989_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 1989 box office number-one films in the United States">1989</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s−2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Home_Alone" title="Home Alone">Home Alone</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_1990_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 1990 box office number-one films in the United States">1990</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terminator_2:_Judgment_Day" title="Terminator 2: Judgment Day">Terminator 2: Judgment Day</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_1991_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 1991 box office number-one films in the United States">1991</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aladdin_(1992_Disney_film)" title="Aladdin (1992 Disney film)">Aladdin</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_1992_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 1992 box office number-one films in the United States">1992</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jurassic_Park_(film)" title="Jurassic Park (film)">Jurassic Park</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_1993_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 1993 box office number-one films in the United States">1993</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forrest_Gump" title="Forrest Gump">Forrest Gump</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_1994_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 1994 box office number-one films in the United States">1994</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toy_Story" title="Toy Story">Toy Story</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_1995_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 1995 box office number-one films in the United States">1995</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(1996_film)" title="Independence Day (1996 film)">Independence Day</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_1996_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 1996 box office number-one films in the United States">1996</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titanic_(1997_film)" title="Titanic (1997 film)">Titanic</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_1997_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 1997 box office number-one films in the United States">1997</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saving_Private_Ryan" title="Saving Private Ryan">Saving Private Ryan</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_1998_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 1998 box office number-one films in the United States">1998</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_Episode_I_%E2%80%93_The_Phantom_Menace" title="Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace">Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_1999_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 1999 box office number-one films in the United States">1999</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/How_the_Grinch_Stole_Christmas_(2000_film)" title="How the Grinch Stole Christmas (2000 film)">How the Grinch Stole Christmas</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_2000_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 2000 box office number-one films in the United States">2000</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Potter_and_the_Philosopher%27s_Stone_(film)" title="Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (film)">Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_2001_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 2001 box office number-one films in the United States">2001</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spider-Man_(2002_film)" title="Spider-Man (2002 film)">Spider-Man</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_2002_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 2002 box office number-one films in the United States">2002</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings:_The_Return_of_the_King" title="The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King">The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_2003_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 2003 box office number-one films in the United States">2003</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrek_2" title="Shrek 2">Shrek 2</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_2004_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 2004 box office number-one films in the United States">2004</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_Episode_III_%E2%80%93_Revenge_of_the_Sith" title="Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith">Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_2005_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 2005 box office number-one films in the United States">2005</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirates_of_the_Caribbean:_Dead_Man%27s_Chest" title="Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest">Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_2006_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 2006 box office number-one films in the United States">2006</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spider-Man_3" title="Spider-Man 3">Spider-Man 3</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_2007_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 2007 box office number-one films in the United States">2007</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dark_Knight" title="The Dark Knight">The Dark Knight</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_2008_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 2008 box office number-one films in the United States">2008</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avatar_(2009_film)" title="Avatar (2009 film)">Avatar</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_2009_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 2009 box office number-one films in the United States">2009</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s−2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toy_Story_3" title="Toy Story 3">Toy Story 3</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_2010_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 2010 box office number-one films in the United States">2010</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Potter_and_the_Deathly_Hallows_%E2%80%93_Part_2" title="Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2">Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_2011_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 2011 box office number-one films in the United States">2011</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Avengers_(2012_film)" title="The Avengers (2012 film)">The Avengers</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_2012_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 2012 box office number-one films in the United States">2012</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hunger_Games:_Catching_Fire" title="The Hunger Games: Catching Fire">The Hunger Games: Catching Fire</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_2013_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 2013 box office number-one films in the United States">2013</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Sniper" title="American Sniper">American Sniper</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_2014_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 2014 box office number-one films in the United States">2014</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_The_Force_Awakens" title="Star Wars: The Force Awakens">Star Wars: The Force Awakens</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_2015_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 2015 box office number-one films in the United States">2015</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogue_One" title="Rogue One">Rogue One</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_2016_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 2016 box office number-one films in the United States">2016</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_The_Last_Jedi" title="Star Wars: The Last Jedi">Star Wars: The Last Jedi</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_2017_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 2017 box office number-one films in the United States">2017</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Panther_(film)" title="Black Panther (film)">Black Panther</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_2018_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 2018 box office number-one films in the United States">2018</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avengers:_Endgame" title="Avengers: Endgame">Avengers: Endgame</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_2019_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 2019 box office number-one films in the United States">2019</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bad_Boys_for_Life" title="Bad Boys for Life">Bad Boys for Life</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_2020_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 2020 box office number-one films in the United States">2020</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spider-Man:_No_Way_Home" title="Spider-Man: No Way Home">Spider-Man: No Way Home</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_2021_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 2021 box office number-one films in the United States">2021</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Top_Gun:_Maverick" title="Top Gun: Maverick">Top Gun: Maverick</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_2022_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 2022 box office number-one films in the United States">2022</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbie_(film)" title="Barbie (film)">Barbie</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_2023_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 2023 box office number-one films in the United States">2023</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_highest-grossing_films_in_the_United_States_and_Canada" title="List of highest-grossing films in the United States and Canada">List of highest-grossing films in the United States and Canada</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Lucasfilm" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Lucasfilm" title="Template:Lucasfilm"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Lucasfilm" title="Template talk:Lucasfilm"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Lucasfilm" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Lucasfilm"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lucasfilm" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lucasfilm" title="Lucasfilm">Lucasfilm</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>A subsidiary of <a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney_Studios_(division)" title="Walt Disney Studios (division)">Walt Disney Studios</a>, a division of <a href="/wiki/The_Walt_Disney_Company" title="The Walt Disney Company">The Walt Disney Company</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Lucasfilm_productions" title="List of Lucasfilm productions">Productions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Graffiti" title="American Graffiti">American Graffiti</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_(film)" title="Star Wars (film)">Star Wars</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/More_American_Graffiti" title="More American Graffiti">More American Graffiti</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Empire_Strikes_Back" title="The Empire Strikes Back">The Empire Strikes Back</a> (1980)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Raiders of the Lost Ark</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Return_of_the_Jedi" title="Return of the Jedi">Return of the Jedi</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twice_Upon_a_Time_(1983_film)" title="Twice Upon a Time (1983 film)">Twice Upon a Time</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Temple_of_Doom" title="Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom">Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latino_(film)" title="Latino (film)">Latino</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mishima:_A_Life_in_Four_Chapters" title="Mishima: A Life in Four Chapters">Mishima: A Life in Four Chapters</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labyrinth_(1986_film)" title="Labyrinth (1986 film)">Labyrinth</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_the_Duck_(film)" title="Howard the Duck (film)">Howard the Duck</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tucker:_The_Man_and_His_Dream" title="Tucker: The Man and His Dream">Tucker: The Man and His Dream</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willow_(1988_film)" title="Willow (1988 film)">Willow</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Land_Before_Time_(film)" title="The Land Before Time (film)">The Land Before Time</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Last_Crusade" title="Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade">Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radioland_Murders" title="Radioland Murders">Radioland Murders</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_Episode_I_%E2%80%93_The_Phantom_Menace" title="Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace">Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_Episode_II_%E2%80%93_Attack_of_the_Clones" title="Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones">Episode II – Attack of the Clones</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_Episode_III_%E2%80%93_Revenge_of_the_Sith" title="Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith">Episode III – Revenge of the Sith</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Kingdom_of_the_Crystal_Skull" title="Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull">Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_The_Clone_Wars_(film)" title="Star Wars: The Clone Wars (film)">Star Wars: The Clone Wars</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Tails" title="Red Tails">Red Tails</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strange_Magic_(film)" title="Strange Magic (film)">Strange Magic</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_The_Force_Awakens" title="Star Wars: The Force Awakens">Star Wars: The Force Awakens</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogue_One" title="Rogue One">Rogue One: A Star Wars Story</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_The_Last_Jedi" title="Star Wars: The Last Jedi">Star Wars: The Last Jedi</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solo:_A_Star_Wars_Story" title="Solo: A Star Wars Story">Solo: A Star Wars Story</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_The_Rise_of_Skywalker" title="Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker">Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Dial_of_Destiny" title="Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny">Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Mandalorian_%26_Grogu" title="The Mandalorian & Grogu">The Mandalorian & Grogu</a> (2026)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Unproduced" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unproduced</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_Duel_of_the_Fates" title="Star Wars: Duel of the Fates">Star Wars: Duel of the Fates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TV series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_Droids" title="Star Wars: Droids">Star Wars: Droids</a> (1985–86)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ewoks_(TV_series)" title="Ewoks (TV series)">Ewoks</a> (1985–86)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maniac_Mansion_(TV_series)" title="Maniac Mansion (TV series)">Maniac Mansion</a> (1990–93)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Young_Indiana_Jones_Chronicles" title="The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles">The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles</a> (1992–96)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_Clone_Wars_(2003_TV_series)" title="Star Wars: Clone Wars (2003 TV series)">Star Wars: Clone Wars</a> (2003–05)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_The_Clone_Wars_(2008_TV_series)" title="Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series)">The Clone Wars</a> (2008–20)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_Rebels" title="Star Wars Rebels">Rebels</a> (2014–18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lego_Star_Wars:_The_Freemaker_Adventures" title="Lego Star Wars: The Freemaker Adventures">Lego Star Wars: The Freemaker Adventures</a> (2016–17)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_Forces_of_Destiny" title="Star Wars Forces of Destiny">Star Wars Forces of Destiny</a> (2017–18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_Resistance" title="Star Wars Resistance">Resistance</a> (2018–20)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Mandalorian" title="The Mandalorian">The Mandalorian</a> (2019–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_Visions" title="Star Wars: Visions">Visions</a> (2021–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_Boba_Fett" title="The Book of Boba Fett">The Book of Boba Fett</a> (2021–22)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_The_Bad_Batch" title="Star Wars: The Bad Batch">Star Wars: The Bad Batch</a> (2021–2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obi-Wan_Kenobi_(miniseries)" title="Obi-Wan Kenobi (miniseries)">Obi-Wan Kenobi</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_%26_Magic_(TV_series)" title="Light & Magic (TV series)">Light & Magic</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andor_(TV_series)" title="Andor (TV series)">Andor</a> (2022–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_Tales" class="mw-redirect" title="Star Wars: Tales">Star Wars: Tales</a> (2022–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willow_(TV_series)" title="Willow (TV series)">Willow</a> (2022–23)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_Young_Jedi_Adventures" title="Star Wars: Young Jedi Adventures">Star Wars: Young Jedi Adventures</a> (2023–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahsoka_(TV_series)" title="Ahsoka (TV series)">Ahsoka</a> (2023–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Acolyte_(TV_series)" title="The Acolyte (TV series)">The Acolyte</a> (2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_Skeleton_Crew" title="Star Wars: Skeleton Crew">Skeleton Crew</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Unaired" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unaired</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_Detours" title="Star Wars Detours">Star Wars Detours</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TV films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caravan_of_Courage:_An_Ewok_Adventure" title="Caravan of Courage: An Ewok Adventure">Caravan of Courage: An Ewok Adventure</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ewoks:_The_Battle_for_Endor" title="Ewoks: The Battle for Endor">Ewoks: The Battle for Endor</a> (1985)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theme park films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Captain_EO" title="Captain EO">Captain EO</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Tours" title="Star Tours">Star Tours</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ExtraTERRORestrial_Alien_Encounter" class="mw-redirect" title="ExtraTERRORestrial Alien Encounter">ExtraTERRORestrial Alien Encounter</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Tours_%E2%80%93_The_Adventures_Continue" title="Star Tours – The Adventures Continue">Star Tours – The Adventures Continue</a> (2011)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Franchises</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars" title="Star Wars">Star Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones" title="Indiana Jones">Indiana Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willow_(1988_film)#Other_media" title="Willow (1988 film)">Willow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Graffiti" title="American Graffiti">American Graffiti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related productions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/THX_1138" title="THX 1138">THX 1138</a> (1971)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Divisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_Light_%26_Magic" title="Industrial Light & Magic">Industrial Light & Magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skywalker_Sound" title="Skywalker Sound">Skywalker Sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucasfilm_Animation" title="Lucasfilm Animation">Lucasfilm Animation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucasfilm_Games" title="Lucasfilm Games">Lucasfilm Games</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Former_divisions" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former divisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>The Droid Works <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EditDroid" title="EditDroid">EditDroid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SoundDroid" title="SoundDroid">SoundDroid</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerner_Optical" title="Kerner Optical">Kerner Optical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixar" title="Pixar">Pixar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/THX" title="THX">THX</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Lucas" title="George Lucas">George Lucas</a> (Founder)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Kennedy_(producer)" title="Kathleen Kennedy (producer)">Kathleen Kennedy</a> (President)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Roffman" title="Howard Roffman">Howard Roffman</a> (EVP, Franchise Management)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/StageCraft" title="StageCraft">StageCraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Seventh_Tower" title="The Seventh Tower">The Seventh Tower</a> (2000−01)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Awards_for_Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Awards_for_Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Awards for Raiders of the Lost Ark</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Academy_Award_for_Best_Visual_Effects" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #EEDD82"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Academy_Award_for_Best_Visual_Effects" title="Template:Academy Award for Best Visual Effects"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Academy_Award_for_Best_Visual_Effects" title="Template talk:Academy Award for Best Visual Effects"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Academy_Award_for_Best_Visual_Effects" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Academy Award for Best Visual Effects"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Academy_Award_for_Best_Visual_Effects" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Visual_Effects" title="Academy Award for Best Visual Effects">Academy Award for Best Visual Effects</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1963–1980</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emil_Kosa_Jr." title="Emil Kosa Jr.">Emil Kosa Jr.</a> – <a href="/wiki/Cleopatra_(1963_film)" title="Cleopatra (1963 film)">Cleopatra</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Ellenshaw" title="Peter Ellenshaw">Peter Ellenshaw</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eustace_Lycett" title="Eustace Lycett">Eustace Lycett</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Luske" title="Hamilton Luske">Hamilton Luske</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mary_Poppins_(film)" title="Mary Poppins (film)">Mary Poppins</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Stears" title="John Stears">John Stears</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thunderball_(film)" title="Thunderball (film)">Thunderball</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Cruickshank" title="Art Cruickshank">Art Cruickshank</a> – <a href="/wiki/Fantastic_Voyage" title="Fantastic Voyage">Fantastic Voyage</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._B._Abbott" title="L. B. Abbott">L. B. Abbott</a> – <a href="/wiki/Doctor_Dolittle_(1967_film)" title="Doctor Dolittle (1967 film)">Doctor Dolittle</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Stanley Kubrick</a> – <a href="/wiki/2001:_A_Space_Odyssey" title="2001: A Space Odyssey">2001: A Space Odyssey</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robie_Robertson" title="Robie Robertson">Robie Robertson</a> – <a href="/wiki/Marooned_(1969_film)" title="Marooned (1969 film)">Marooned</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._D._Flowers" title="A. D. Flowers">A. D. Flowers</a> and <a href="/wiki/L._B._Abbott" title="L. B. Abbott">L. B. Abbott</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tora!_Tora!_Tora!" title="Tora! Tora! Tora!">Tora! Tora! Tora!</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Maley" title="Alan Maley">Alan Maley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eustace_Lycett" title="Eustace Lycett">Eustace Lycett</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Danny_Lee_(special_effects_artist)" title="Danny Lee (special effects artist)">Danny Lee</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bedknobs_and_Broomsticks" title="Bedknobs and Broomsticks">Bedknobs and Broomsticks</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._B._Abbott" title="L. B. Abbott">L. B. Abbott</a> and <a href="/wiki/A._D._Flowers" title="A. D. Flowers">A. D. Flowers</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Poseidon_Adventure_(1972_film)" title="The Poseidon Adventure (1972 film)">The Poseidon Adventure</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Brendel" title="Frank Brendel">Frank Brendel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glen_Robinson_(visual_effects)" title="Glen Robinson (visual effects)">Glen Robinson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Albert_Whitlock" title="Albert Whitlock">Albert Whitlock</a> – <a href="/wiki/Earthquake_(1974_film)" title="Earthquake (1974 film)">Earthquake</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Whitlock" title="Albert Whitlock">Albert Whitlock</a> and <a href="/wiki/Glen_Robinson_(visual_effects)" title="Glen Robinson (visual effects)">Glen Robinson</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Hindenburg_(film)" title="The Hindenburg (film)">The Hindenburg</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Rambaldi" title="Carlo Rambaldi">Carlo Rambaldi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glen_Robinson_(visual_effects)" title="Glen Robinson (visual effects)">Glen Robinson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Frank_Van_der_Veer" title="Frank Van der Veer">Frank Van der Veer</a> – <a href="/wiki/King_Kong_(1976_film)" title="King Kong (1976 film)">King Kong</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Stears" title="John Stears">John Stears</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Dykstra" title="John Dykstra">John Dykstra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Edlund" title="Richard Edlund">Richard Edlund</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grant_McCune" title="Grant McCune">Grant McCune</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Blalack" title="Robert Blalack">Robert Blalack</a> – <a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_(film)" title="Star Wars (film)">Star Wars</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Bowie" title="Les Bowie">Les Bowie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colin_Chilvers" title="Colin Chilvers">Colin Chilvers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Denys_Coop" title="Denys Coop">Denys Coop</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roy_Field" title="Roy Field">Roy Field</a>, <a href="/wiki/Derek_Meddings" title="Derek Meddings">Derek Meddings</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Zoran_Perisic_(visual_effects_artist)" title="Zoran Perisic (visual effects artist)">Zoran Perisic</a> – <a href="/wiki/Superman_(1978_film)" title="Superman (1978 film)">Superman</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._R._Giger" title="H. R. Giger">H. R. Giger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Rambaldi" title="Carlo Rambaldi">Carlo Rambaldi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brian_Johnson_(special_effects_artist)" title="Brian Johnson (special effects artist)">Brian Johnson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nick_Allder" title="Nick Allder">Nick Allder</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Ayling" title="Dennis Ayling">Dennis Ayling</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alien_(film)" title="Alien (film)">Alien</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Johnson_(special_effects_artist)" title="Brian Johnson (special effects artist)">Brian Johnson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Edlund" title="Richard Edlund">Richard Edlund</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Muren" title="Dennis Muren">Dennis Muren</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Nicholson" title="Bruce Nicholson">Bruce Nicholson</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Empire_Strikes_Back" title="The Empire Strikes Back">The Empire Strikes Back</a> (1980)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1981–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Edlund" title="Richard Edlund">Richard Edlund</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kit_West" title="Kit West">Kit West</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Nicholson" title="Bruce Nicholson">Bruce Nicholson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Joe_Johnston" title="Joe Johnston">Joe Johnston</a> – <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Raiders of the Lost Ark</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Rambaldi" title="Carlo Rambaldi">Carlo Rambaldi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Muren" title="Dennis Muren">Dennis Muren</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_F._Smith" title="Kenneth F. Smith">Kenneth F. Smith</a> – <a href="/wiki/E.T._the_Extra-Terrestrial" title="E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial">E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Edlund" title="Richard Edlund">Richard Edlund</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Muren" title="Dennis Muren">Dennis Muren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ken_Ralston" title="Ken Ralston">Ken Ralston</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Phil_Tippett" title="Phil Tippett">Phil Tippett</a> – <a href="/wiki/Return_of_the_Jedi" title="Return of the Jedi">Return of the Jedi</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Muren" title="Dennis Muren">Dennis Muren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_J._McAlister" title="Michael J. McAlister">Michael J. McAlister</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lorne_Peterson" title="Lorne Peterson">Lorne Peterson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/George_Gibbs_(special_effects_artist)" title="George Gibbs (special effects artist)">George Gibbs</a> – <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Temple_of_Doom" title="Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom">Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Ralston" title="Ken Ralston">Ken Ralston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_McQuarrie" title="Ralph McQuarrie">Ralph McQuarrie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scott_Farrar" title="Scott Farrar">Scott Farrar</a>, and <a href="/wiki/David_Berry_(special_effects_artist)" title="David Berry (special effects artist)">David Berry</a> – <a href="/wiki/Cocoon_(film)" title="Cocoon (film)">Cocoon</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Skotak" title="Robert Skotak">Robert Skotak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stan_Winston" title="Stan Winston">Stan Winston</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Richardson_(special_effects_designer)" title="John Richardson (special effects designer)">John Richardson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Suzanne_M._Benson" title="Suzanne M. Benson">Suzanne M. Benson</a> – <a href="/wiki/Aliens_(film)" title="Aliens (film)">Aliens</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Muren" title="Dennis Muren">Dennis Muren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_George_(visual_effects_supervisor)" title="Bill George (visual effects supervisor)">Bill George</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harley_Jessup" title="Harley Jessup">Harley Jessup</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_F._Smith" title="Kenneth F. Smith">Kenneth F. Smith</a> - <a href="/wiki/Innerspace" title="Innerspace">Innerspace</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Ralston" title="Ken Ralston">Ken Ralston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Williams_(animator)" title="Richard Williams (animator)">Richard Williams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Jones_(visual_effects_artist)" title="Edward Jones (visual effects artist)">Edward Jones</a>, and <a href="/wiki/George_Gibbs_(special_effects_artist)" title="George Gibbs (special effects artist)">George Gibbs</a> – <a href="/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit" title="Who Framed Roger Rabbit">Who Framed Roger Rabbit</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bruno_(special_effects)" title="John Bruno (special effects)">John Bruno</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Muren" title="Dennis Muren">Dennis Muren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hoyt_Yeatman" title="Hoyt Yeatman">Hoyt Yeatman</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Skotak" title="Dennis Skotak">Dennis Skotak</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Abyss" title="The Abyss">The Abyss</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Brevig" title="Eric Brevig">Eric Brevig</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rob_Bottin" title="Rob Bottin">Rob Bottin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tim_McGovern" title="Tim McGovern">Tim McGovern</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Alex_Funke" title="Alex Funke">Alex Funke</a> – <a href="/wiki/Total_Recall_(1990_film)" title="Total Recall (1990 film)">Total Recall</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Muren" title="Dennis Muren">Dennis Muren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stan_Winston" title="Stan Winston">Stan Winston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gene_Warren_Jr." title="Gene Warren Jr.">Gene Warren Jr.</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Skotak" title="Robert Skotak">Robert Skotak</a> – <a href="/wiki/Terminator_2:_Judgment_Day" title="Terminator 2: Judgment Day">Terminator 2: Judgment Day</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Ralston" title="Ken Ralston">Ken Ralston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doug_Chiang" title="Doug Chiang">Doug Chiang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Smythe" title="Douglas Smythe">Douglas Smythe</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tom_Woodruff_Jr." title="Tom Woodruff Jr.">Tom Woodruff Jr.</a> – <a href="/wiki/Death_Becomes_Her" title="Death Becomes Her">Death Becomes Her</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Muren" title="Dennis Muren">Dennis Muren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stan_Winston" title="Stan Winston">Stan Winston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phil_Tippett" title="Phil Tippett">Phil Tippett</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Lantieri" title="Michael Lantieri">Michael Lantieri</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jurassic_Park_(film)" title="Jurassic Park (film)">Jurassic Park</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Ralston" title="Ken Ralston">Ken Ralston</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Murphy_(special_effects_artist)" title="George Murphy (special effects artist)">George Murphy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Rosenbaum" title="Stephen Rosenbaum">Stephen Rosenbaum</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Allen_Hall_(special_effects_artist)" title="Allen Hall (special effects artist)">Allen Hall</a> – <a href="/wiki/Forrest_Gump" title="Forrest Gump">Forrest Gump</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_E._Anderson" title="Scott E. Anderson">Scott E. Anderson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Gibson_(special_effects_artist)" title="Charles Gibson (special effects artist)">Charles Gibson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neal_Scanlan" title="Neal Scanlan">Neal Scanlan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/John_Cox_(special_effects_artist)" title="John Cox (special effects artist)">John Cox</a> – <a href="/wiki/Babe_(film)" title="Babe (film)">Babe</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Engel" title="Volker Engel">Volker Engel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Smith_(special_effects_artist)" title="Douglas Smith (special effects artist)">Douglas Smith</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clay_Pinney" title="Clay Pinney">Clay Pinney</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Joe_Viskocil" title="Joe Viskocil">Joe Viskocil</a> – <a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(1996_film)" title="Independence Day (1996 film)">Independence Day</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Legato" title="Robert Legato">Robert Legato</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Lasoff" title="Mark Lasoff">Mark Lasoff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_L._Fisher" title="Thomas L. Fisher">Thomas L. Fisher</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Kanfer" title="Michael Kanfer">Michael Kanfer</a> – <a href="/wiki/Titanic_(1997_film)" title="Titanic (1997 film)">Titanic</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_Hynek" title="Joel Hynek">Joel Hynek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Brooks_(special_effects_artist)" title="Nicholas Brooks (special effects artist)">Nicholas Brooks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Robertson_(visual_effects_artist)" title="Stuart Robertson (visual effects artist)">Stuart Robertson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Mack_(visual_effects_artist)" title="Kevin Mack (visual effects artist)">Kevin Mack</a> – <a href="/wiki/What_Dreams_May_Come_(film)" title="What Dreams May Come (film)">What Dreams May Come</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Gaeta" title="John Gaeta">John Gaeta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Janek_Sirrs" title="Janek Sirrs">Janek Sirrs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Courtley" title="Steve Courtley">Steve Courtley</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jon_Thum" title="Jon Thum">Jon Thum</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Matrix" title="The Matrix">The Matrix</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Nelson_(visual_effects_artist)" title="John Nelson (visual effects artist)">John Nelson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neil_Corbould" title="Neil Corbould">Neil Corbould</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tim_Burke_(visual_effects_supervisor)" title="Tim Burke (visual effects supervisor)">Tim Burke</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Rob_Harvey_(special_effects_artist)" title="Rob Harvey (special effects artist)">Rob Harvey</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gladiator_(2000_film)" title="Gladiator (2000 film)">Gladiator</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">2001–2020</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Rygiel" title="Jim Rygiel">Jim Rygiel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Randall_William_Cook" title="Randall William Cook">Randall William Cook</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Taylor_(filmmaker)" title="Richard Taylor (filmmaker)">Richard Taylor</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mark_Stetson" title="Mark Stetson">Mark Stetson</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings:_The_Fellowship_of_the_Ring" title="The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring">The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Rygiel" title="Jim Rygiel">Jim Rygiel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joe_Letteri" title="Joe Letteri">Joe Letteri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Randall_William_Cook" title="Randall William Cook">Randall William Cook</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Alex_Funke" title="Alex Funke">Alex Funke</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings:_The_Two_Towers" title="The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers">The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Rygiel" title="Jim Rygiel">Jim Rygiel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joe_Letteri" title="Joe Letteri">Joe Letteri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Randall_William_Cook" title="Randall William Cook">Randall William Cook</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Alex_Funke" title="Alex Funke">Alex Funke</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings:_The_Return_of_the_King" title="The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King">The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dykstra" title="John Dykstra">John Dykstra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scott_Stokdyk" title="Scott Stokdyk">Scott Stokdyk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anthony_LaMolinara" title="Anthony LaMolinara">Anthony LaMolinara</a>, and <a href="/wiki/John_Frazier" title="John Frazier">John Frazier</a> – <a href="/wiki/Spider-Man_2" title="Spider-Man 2">Spider-Man 2</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Letteri" title="Joe Letteri">Joe Letteri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brian_Van%27t_Hul" title="Brian Van't Hul">Brian Van't Hul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christian_Rivers" title="Christian Rivers">Christian Rivers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Taylor_(filmmaker)" title="Richard Taylor (filmmaker)">Richard Taylor</a> – <a href="/wiki/King_Kong_(2005_film)" title="King Kong (2005 film)">King Kong</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Knoll" title="John Knoll">John Knoll</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hal_Hickel" title="Hal Hickel">Hal Hickel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Gibson_(special_effects_artist)" title="Charles Gibson (special effects artist)">Charles Gibson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Allen_Hall_(special_effects_artist)" title="Allen Hall (special effects artist)">Allen Hall</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pirates_of_the_Caribbean:_Dead_Man%27s_Chest" title="Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest">Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_L._Fink" title="Michael L. Fink">Michael L. Fink</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Westenhofer" title="Bill Westenhofer">Bill Westenhofer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ben_Morris_(special_effects_artist)" title="Ben Morris (special effects artist)">Ben Morris</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Trevor_Wood_(special_effects_artist)" title="Trevor Wood (special effects artist)">Trevor Wood</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Golden_Compass_(film)" title="The Golden Compass (film)">The Golden Compass</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Barba" title="Eric Barba">Eric Barba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Preeg" title="Steve Preeg">Steve Preeg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Burt_Dalton" title="Burt Dalton">Burt Dalton</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Craig_Barron" title="Craig Barron">Craig Barron</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Curious_Case_of_Benjamin_Button_(film)" title="The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (film)">The Curious Case of Benjamin Button</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Letteri" title="Joe Letteri">Joe Letteri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Rosenbaum" title="Stephen Rosenbaum">Stephen Rosenbaum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Baneham" title="Richard Baneham">Richard Baneham</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Andrew_R._Jones" title="Andrew R. Jones">Andrew R. Jones</a> – <a href="/wiki/Avatar_(2009_film)" title="Avatar (2009 film)">Avatar</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Franklin_(visual_effects_supervisor)" title="Paul Franklin (visual effects supervisor)">Paul Franklin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chris_Corbould" title="Chris Corbould">Chris Corbould</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Lockley" title="Andrew Lockley">Andrew Lockley</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Peter_Bebb" title="Peter Bebb">Peter Bebb</a> – <a href="/wiki/Inception" title="Inception">Inception</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Legato" title="Robert Legato">Robert Legato</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joss_Williams" title="Joss Williams">Joss Williams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ben_Grossmann" title="Ben Grossmann">Ben Grossmann</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Alex_Henning" title="Alex Henning">Alex Henning</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hugo_(film)" title="Hugo (film)">Hugo</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Westenhofer" title="Bill Westenhofer">Bill Westenhofer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Rocheron" title="Guillaume Rocheron">Guillaume Rocheron</a>, <a href="/wiki/Erik-Jan_de_Boer" title="Erik-Jan de Boer">Erik-Jan de Boer</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Donald_R._Elliott" title="Donald R. Elliott">Donald R. Elliott</a> – <a href="/wiki/Life_of_Pi_(film)" title="Life of Pi (film)">Life of Pi</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Webber" title="Tim Webber">Tim Webber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chris_Lawrence_(visual_effects)" title="Chris Lawrence (visual effects)">Chris Lawrence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dave_Shirk" title="Dave Shirk">Dave Shirk</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Neil_Corbould" title="Neil Corbould">Neil Corbould</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gravity_(2013_film)" title="Gravity (2013 film)">Gravity</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Franklin_(visual_effects_supervisor)" title="Paul Franklin (visual effects supervisor)">Paul Franklin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Lockley" title="Andrew Lockley">Andrew Lockley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ian_Hunter_(visual_effects_supervisor)" title="Ian Hunter (visual effects supervisor)">Ian Hunter</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Scott_R._Fisher" title="Scott R. Fisher">Scott R. Fisher</a> – <a href="/wiki/Interstellar_(film)" title="Interstellar (film)">Interstellar</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Williams_Ardington" title="Mark Williams Ardington">Mark Williams Ardington</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sara_Bennett" title="Sara Bennett">Sara Bennett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Norris_(visual_effects)" title="Paul Norris (visual effects)">Paul Norris</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Whitehurst" title="Andrew Whitehurst">Andrew Whitehurst</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ex_Machina_(film)" title="Ex Machina (film)">Ex Machina</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Legato" title="Robert Legato">Robert Legato</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adam_Valdez" title="Adam Valdez">Adam Valdez</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_R._Jones" title="Andrew R. Jones">Andrew R. Jones</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dan_Lemmon" title="Dan Lemmon">Dan Lemmon</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Jungle_Book_(2016_film)" title="The Jungle Book (2016 film)">The Jungle Book</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Nelson_(visual_effects_artist)" title="John Nelson (visual effects artist)">John Nelson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gerd_Nefzer" title="Gerd Nefzer">Gerd Nefzer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Lambert_(special_effects_artist)" title="Paul Lambert (special effects artist)">Paul Lambert</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Richard_R._Hoover" title="Richard R. Hoover">Richard R. Hoover</a> – <a href="/wiki/Blade_Runner_2049" title="Blade Runner 2049">Blade Runner 2049</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Lambert_(special_effects_artist)" title="Paul Lambert (special effects artist)">Paul Lambert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ian_Hunter_(visual_effects_supervisor)" title="Ian Hunter (visual effects supervisor)">Ian Hunter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tristan_Myles" title="Tristan Myles">Tristan Myles</a>, and <a href="/wiki/J._D._Schwalm" title="J. D. Schwalm">J. D. Schwalm</a> – <a href="/wiki/First_Man_(film)" title="First Man (film)">First Man</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Rocheron" title="Guillaume Rocheron">Guillaume Rocheron</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greg_Butler_(visual_effects_supervisor)" title="Greg Butler (visual effects supervisor)">Greg Butler</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dominic_Tuohy" title="Dominic Tuohy">Dominic Tuohy</a> – <a href="/wiki/1917_(2019_film)" title="1917 (2019 film)">1917</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson_(visual_effects)" title="Andrew Jackson (visual effects)">Andrew Jackson</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Lee_(visual_effects_artist)" title="David Lee (visual effects artist)">David Lee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Lockley" title="Andrew Lockley">Andrew Lockley</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Scott_R._Fisher" title="Scott R. Fisher">Scott R. Fisher</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tenet_(film)" title="Tenet (film)">Tenet</a> (2020)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">2021–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Lambert_(special_effects_artist)" title="Paul Lambert (special effects artist)">Paul Lambert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tristan_Myles" title="Tristan Myles">Tristan Myles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brian_Connor_(visual_effects_artist)" title="Brian Connor (visual effects artist)">Brian Connor</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gerd_Nefzer" title="Gerd Nefzer">Gerd Nefzer</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dune_(2021_film)" title="Dune (2021 film)">Dune</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Letteri" title="Joe Letteri">Joe Letteri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Baneham" title="Richard Baneham">Richard Baneham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Saindon" title="Eric Saindon">Eric Saindon</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Barrett_(visual_effects_supervisor)" title="Daniel Barrett (visual effects supervisor)">Daniel Barrett</a> – <a href="/wiki/Avatar:_The_Way_of_Water" title="Avatar: The Way of Water">Avatar: The Way of Water</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takashi_Yamazaki" title="Takashi Yamazaki">Takashi Yamazaki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kiyoko_Shibuya" title="Kiyoko Shibuya">Kiyoko Shibuya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Masaki_Takahashi" title="Masaki Takahashi">Masaki Takahashi</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tatsuji_Nojima" title="Tatsuji Nojima">Tatsuji Nojima</a> – <a href="/wiki/Godzilla_Minus_One" title="Godzilla Minus One">Godzilla Minus One</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hugo_Award_for_Best_Dramatic_Presentation" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #DBD7D2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hugo_Award_for_Best_Dramatic_Presentation" title="Template:Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hugo_Award_for_Best_Dramatic_Presentation" title="Template talk:Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hugo_Award_for_Best_Dramatic_Presentation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hugo_Award_for_Best_Dramatic_Presentation" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Award_for_Best_Dramatic_Presentation" title="Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation">Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #C0C0C0">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1958: <a href="/wiki/The_Incredible_Shrinking_Man" title="The Incredible Shrinking Man">The Incredible Shrinking Man</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #C0C0C0">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1960: <a href="/wiki/The_Twilight_Zone_(1959_TV_series)" title="The Twilight Zone (1959 TV series)">The Twilight Zone</a></li> <li>1961: <a href="/wiki/The_Twilight_Zone_(1959_TV_series)" title="The Twilight Zone (1959 TV series)">The Twilight Zone</a></li> <li>1962: <a href="/wiki/The_Twilight_Zone_(1959_TV_series)" title="The Twilight Zone (1959 TV series)">The Twilight Zone</a></li> <li>1965: <a href="/wiki/Dr._Strangelove" title="Dr. Strangelove">Dr. Strangelove</a></li> <li>1967: <a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Original_Series" title="Star Trek: The Original Series">Star Trek</a> – "<a href="/wiki/The_Menagerie_(Star_Trek:_The_Original_Series)" title="The Menagerie (Star Trek: The Original Series)">The Menagerie</a>"</li> <li>1968: <a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Original_Series" title="Star Trek: The Original Series">Star Trek</a> – "<a href="/wiki/The_City_on_the_Edge_of_Forever" title="The City on the Edge of Forever">The City on the Edge of Forever</a>"</li> <li>1969: <a href="/wiki/2001:_A_Space_Odyssey" title="2001: A Space Odyssey">2001: A Space Odyssey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #C0C0C0">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1970: News coverage of <a href="/wiki/Apollo_11" title="Apollo 11">Apollo 11</a></li> <li>1972: <a href="/wiki/A_Clockwork_Orange_(film)" title="A Clockwork Orange (film)">A Clockwork Orange</a></li> <li>1973: <a href="/wiki/Slaughterhouse-Five_(film)" title="Slaughterhouse-Five (film)">Slaughterhouse-Five</a></li> <li>1974: <a href="/wiki/Sleeper_(1973_film)" title="Sleeper (1973 film)">Sleeper</a></li> <li>1975: <a href="/wiki/Young_Frankenstein" title="Young Frankenstein">Young Frankenstein</a></li> <li>1976: <a href="/wiki/A_Boy_and_His_Dog_(1975_film)" title="A Boy and His Dog (1975 film)">A Boy and His Dog</a></li> <li>1978: <a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_(film)" title="Star Wars (film)">Star Wars</a></li> <li>1979: <a href="/wiki/Superman_(1978_film)" title="Superman (1978 film)">Superman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #C0C0C0">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1980: <a href="/wiki/Alien_(film)" title="Alien (film)">Alien</a></li> <li>1981: <a href="/wiki/The_Empire_Strikes_Back" title="The Empire Strikes Back">The Empire Strikes Back</a></li> <li>1982: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Raiders of the Lost Ark</a></li> <li>1983: <a href="/wiki/Blade_Runner" title="Blade Runner">Blade Runner</a></li> <li>1984: <a href="/wiki/Return_of_the_Jedi" title="Return of the Jedi">Return of the Jedi</a></li> <li>1985: <a href="/wiki/2010:_The_Year_We_Make_Contact" title="2010: The Year We Make Contact">2010: The Year We Make Contact</a></li> <li>1986: <a href="/wiki/Back_to_the_Future" title="Back to the Future">Back to the Future</a></li> <li>1987: <a href="/wiki/Aliens_(film)" title="Aliens (film)">Aliens</a></li> <li>1988: <a href="/wiki/The_Princess_Bride_(film)" title="The Princess Bride (film)">The Princess Bride</a></li> <li>1989: <a href="/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit" title="Who Framed Roger Rabbit">Who Framed Roger Rabbit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #C0C0C0">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1990: <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Last_Crusade" title="Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade">Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade</a></li> <li>1991: <a href="/wiki/Edward_Scissorhands" title="Edward Scissorhands">Edward Scissorhands</a></li> <li>1992: <a href="/wiki/Terminator_2:_Judgment_Day" title="Terminator 2: Judgment Day">Terminator 2: Judgment Day</a></li> <li>1993: <a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Next_Generation" title="Star Trek: The Next Generation">Star Trek: The Next Generation</a> – "<a href="/wiki/The_Inner_Light_(Star_Trek:_The_Next_Generation)" title="The Inner Light (Star Trek: The Next Generation)">The Inner Light</a>"</li> <li>1994: <a href="/wiki/Jurassic_Park_(film)" title="Jurassic Park (film)">Jurassic Park</a></li> <li>1995: <a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Next_Generation" title="Star Trek: The Next Generation">Star Trek: The Next Generation</a> – "<a href="/wiki/All_Good_Things..._(Star_Trek:_The_Next_Generation)" title="All Good Things... (Star Trek: The Next Generation)">All Good Things...</a>"</li> <li>1996: <a href="/wiki/Babylon_5" title="Babylon 5">Babylon 5</a> – "<a href="/wiki/The_Coming_of_Shadows" title="The Coming of Shadows">The Coming of Shadows</a>"</li> <li>1997: <a href="/wiki/Babylon_5" title="Babylon 5">Babylon 5</a> – "<a href="/wiki/Severed_Dreams" title="Severed Dreams">Severed Dreams</a>"</li> <li>1998: <a href="/wiki/Contact_(1997_American_film)" title="Contact (1997 American film)">Contact</a></li> <li>1999: <a href="/wiki/The_Truman_Show" title="The Truman Show">The Truman Show</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #C0C0C0">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2000: <a href="/wiki/Galaxy_Quest" title="Galaxy Quest">Galaxy Quest</a></li> <li>2001: <a href="/wiki/Crouching_Tiger,_Hidden_Dragon" title="Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon">Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon</a></li> <li>2002: <a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings:_The_Fellowship_of_the_Ring" title="The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring">The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Saturn_Award_for_Best_Fantasy_Film" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #6CC"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Saturn_Award_for_Best_Fantasy_Film" title="Template:Saturn Award for Best Fantasy Film"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Saturn_Award_for_Best_Fantasy_Film" title="Template talk:Saturn Award for Best Fantasy Film"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Saturn_Award_for_Best_Fantasy_Film" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Saturn Award for Best Fantasy Film"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Saturn_Award_for_Best_Fantasy_Film" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Saturn_Award_for_Best_Fantasy_Film" title="Saturn Award for Best Fantasy Film">Saturn Award for Best Fantasy Film</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #6CC;width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Golden_Voyage_of_Sinbad" title="The Golden Voyage of Sinbad">The Golden Voyage of Sinbad</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doc_Savage:_The_Man_of_Bronze" title="Doc Savage: The Man of Bronze">Doc Savage: The Man of Bronze</a> (1974/75)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Holes" title="The Holes">The Holes</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oh,_God!_(film)" title="Oh, God! (film)">Oh, God!</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heaven_Can_Wait_(1978_film)" title="Heaven Can Wait (1978 film)">Heaven Can Wait</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Muppet_Movie" title="The Muppet Movie">The Muppet Movie</a> (1979)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #6CC;width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Somewhere_in_Time_(film)" title="Somewhere in Time (film)">Somewhere in Time</a> (1980)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Raiders of the Lost Ark</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dark_Crystal" title="The Dark Crystal">The Dark Crystal</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Something_Wicked_This_Way_Comes_(film)" title="Something Wicked This Way Comes (film)">Something Wicked This Way Comes</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghostbusters" title="Ghostbusters">Ghostbusters</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladyhawke_(film)" title="Ladyhawke (film)">Ladyhawke</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Boy_Who_Could_Fly" title="The Boy Who Could Fly">The Boy Who Could Fly</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Princess_Bride_(film)" title="The Princess Bride (film)">The Princess Bride</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit" title="Who Framed Roger Rabbit">Who Framed Roger Rabbit</a> (1988)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #6CC;width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ghost_(1990_film)" title="Ghost (1990 film)">Ghost</a> (1989/90)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Scissorhands" title="Edward Scissorhands">Edward Scissorhands</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aladdin_(1992_Disney_film)" title="Aladdin (1992 Disney film)">Aladdin</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Nightmare_Before_Christmas" title="The Nightmare Before Christmas">The Nightmare Before Christmas</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forrest_Gump" title="Forrest Gump">Forrest Gump</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babe_(film)" title="Babe (film)">Babe</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragonheart" title="Dragonheart">Dragonheart</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin_Powers:_International_Man_of_Mystery" title="Austin Powers: International Man of Mystery">Austin Powers: International Man of Mystery</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Truman_Show" title="The Truman Show">The Truman Show</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Being_John_Malkovich" title="Being John Malkovich">Being John Malkovich</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #6CC;width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frequency_(2000_film)" title="Frequency (2000 film)">Frequency</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings:_The_Fellowship_of_the_Ring" title="The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring">The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings:_The_Two_Towers" title="The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers">The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings:_The_Return_of_the_King" title="The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King">The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spider-Man_2" title="Spider-Man 2">Spider-Man 2</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batman_Begins" title="Batman Begins">Batman Begins</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superman_Returns" title="Superman Returns">Superman Returns</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enchanted_(film)" title="Enchanted (film)">Enchanted</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Curious_Case_of_Benjamin_Button_(film)" title="The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (film)">The Curious Case of Benjamin Button</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watchmen_(film)" title="Watchmen (film)">Watchmen</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #6CC;width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alice_in_Wonderland_(2010_film)" title="Alice in Wonderland (2010 film)">Alice in Wonderland</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Potter_and_the_Deathly_Hallows_%E2%80%93_Part_2" title="Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2">Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_of_Pi_(film)" title="Life of Pi (film)">Life of Pi</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Her_(film)" title="Her (film)">Her</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hobbit:_The_Battle_of_the_Five_Armies" title="The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies">The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(2015_American_film)" title="Cinderella (2015 American film)">Cinderella</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Jungle_Book_(2016_film)" title="The Jungle Book (2016 film)">The Jungle Book</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Shape_of_Water" title="The Shape of Water">The Shape of Water</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toy_Story_4" title="Toy Story 4">Toy Story 4</a> (2018/19)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time_in_Hollywood" title="Once Upon a Time in Hollywood">Once Upon a Time in Hollywood</a> (2019/20)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #6CC;width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Everything_Everywhere_All_at_Once" title="Everything Everywhere All at Once">Everything Everywhere All at Once</a> (2021/22)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Dial_of_Destiny" title="Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny">Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny</a> (2022/23)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:<ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:Rubik%27s_cube_v3.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Rubik%27s_cube_v3.svg/17px-Rubik%27s_cube_v3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Rubik%27s_cube_v3.svg/26px-Rubik%27s_cube_v3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Rubik%27s_cube_v3.svg/34px-Rubik%27s_cube_v3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="530" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:1980s" title="Portal:1980s">1980s</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/19px-Video-x-generic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/29px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/38px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Film" title="Portal:Film">Film</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States</a></li></ul></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236088147">.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline;font-size:88%;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em 0 0;padding:0 2em}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;padding:0.2em 0;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px;line-height:22px}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;align-items:baseline;padding:0.2em 0;column-gap:1em;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{display:flex;align-items:baseline;margin:0.15em 0;min-height:24px;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-logo{width:22px;line-height:22px;margin:0 0.2em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-link{margin:0 0.2em;text-align:left}@media screen and (max-width:960px){.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{flex-flow:column wrap;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{flex:0 1}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{flex:1;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{flex:0 0 20em;min-width:20em}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.portal-bar{margin-top:-1px}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="noprint metadata sister-bar" role="navigation" aria-label="sister-projects"><div class="sister-bar-header">Raiders of the Lost Ark at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a>:</div><ul class="sister-bar-content"><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/19px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/29px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/38px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Raiders of the Lost Ark">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/14px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/21px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/28px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Raiders of the Lost Ark">Media</a> from Commons</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/21px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/32px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/42px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark" class="extiw" title="n:Special:Search/Raiders of the Lost Ark">News</a> from Wikinews</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/16px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/24px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/32px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark" class="extiw" title="q:Raiders of the Lost Ark">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/21px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/32px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/42px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174284" class="extiw" title="d:Q174284">Data</a> from Wikidata</li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174284#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174284#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174284#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb164623576">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb164623576">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX3719107">Spain</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/3113568">Norway</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007379347205171">Israel</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058515804606706">Catalonia</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/187063737">IdRef</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&oldid=1259346381">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark&oldid=1259346381</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1981_films" title="Category:1981 films">1981 films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1980s_action_adventure_films" title="Category:1980s action adventure films">1980s action adventure films</a></li><li><a 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alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-9j6r5","wgBackendResponseTime":196,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"3.171","walltime":"3.680","ppvisitednodes":{"value":24262,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":863145,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":125772,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":29,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":21,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":1051347,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 3023.447 1 -total"," 49.87% 1507.853 2 Template:Reflist"," 23.87% 721.824 140 Template:Cite_web"," 10.52% 318.110 58 Template:Cite_news"," 6.60% 199.621 19 Template:Sfn"," 5.49% 166.045 16 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