Synthesis of silymarin−selenium nanoparticle conjugate and examination of its biological activity in vitro

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US" xml:lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title> Synthesis of silymarin−selenium nanoparticle conjugate and examination of its biological activity in vitro | ADMET and DMPK </title> <link rel="icon" href="https://pub.iapchem.org/ojs/public/journals/4/favicon_en_US.jpg"> <meta name="generator" content="Open Journal Systems 3.3.0.13"> <link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" /> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Sergey Staroverov"/> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Sergey Kozlov"/> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Alexander Fomin"/> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Konstantin Gabalov"/> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Vitaliy Khanadeev"/> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Dmitry Soldatov"/> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Ivan Domnitsky"/> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Lev Dykman"/> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Sergey V. Akchurin"/> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Olga Guliy"/> <meta name="DC.Date.created" scheme="ISO8601" content="2021-11-14"/> <meta name="DC.Date.dateSubmitted" scheme="ISO8601" content="2021-06-14"/> <meta name="DC.Date.issued" scheme="ISO8601" content="2021-12-15"/> <meta name="DC.Date.modified" scheme="ISO8601" content="2021-12-15"/> <meta name="DC.Description" xml:lang="en" content="Silymarin (Sil) was conjugated to selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) to increase Sil bioavailability. The conjugates were monodisperse; the average diameter of the native SeNPs was ~ 20-50 ± 1.5 nm, whereas that of the conjugates was 30-50 ± 0.5 nm. The use of SeNPs to increase the bioavailability of Syl was examined with the MH-22a, EPNT-5, HeLa, Hep-2, and SPEV-2 cell lines. The EPNT-5 (glioblastoma) cells were the most sensitive to the conjugates compared to the conjugate-free control. The conjugates increased the activity of cellular dehydrogenases and promoted the penetration of Sil into the intracellular space. Possibly, SeNPs play the main part in Sil penetration of cells and Sil penetration is not associated with phagocytosis. Thus, SeNPs are promising for use as a Sil carrier and as protective antigens."/> <meta name="DC.Format" scheme="IMT" content="application/pdf"/> <meta name="DC.Identifier" content="1023"/> <meta name="DC.Identifier.pageNumber" content="255-266"/> <meta name="DC.Identifier.DOI" content="10.5599/admet.1023"/> <meta name="DC.Identifier.URI" content="https://pub.iapchem.org/ojs/index.php/admet/article/view/1023"/> <meta name="DC.Language" scheme="ISO639-1" content="en"/> <meta name="DC.Rights" content="Copyright (c) 2021 ADMET and DMPK"/> <meta name="DC.Rights" content=""/> <meta name="DC.Source" content="ADMET and DMPK"/> <meta name="DC.Source.ISSN" content="1848-7718"/> <meta name="DC.Source.Issue" content="4"/> <meta name="DC.Source.Volume" content="9"/> <meta name="DC.Source.URI" content="https://pub.iapchem.org/ojs/index.php/admet"/> <meta name="DC.Title" content="Synthesis of silymarin−selenium nanoparticle conjugate and examination of its biological activity in vitro"/> <meta name="DC.Type" content="Text.Serial.Journal"/> <meta name="DC.Type.articleType" content="Original Scientific Articles"/> <meta name="gs_meta_revision" content="1.1"/> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="ADMET and DMPK"/> <meta name="citation_journal_abbrev" content="ADMET DMPK"/> <meta name="citation_issn" content="1848-7718"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Sergey Staroverov"/> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Saratov State Agrarian University, Saratov, Russian federation"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Sergey Kozlov"/> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Saratov State Agrarian University, Saratov"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Alexander Fomin"/> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saratov, Russian Federation"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Konstantin Gabalov"/> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saratov, Russian Federation"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Vitaliy Khanadeev"/> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saratov, Russian Federation"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Dmitry Soldatov"/> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Saratov State Agrarian University, Saratov"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Ivan Domnitsky"/> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Saratov State Agrarian University, Saratov"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Lev Dykman"/> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saratov, Russian Federation"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Sergey V. Akchurin"/> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow, Russian Federation"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Olga Guliy"/> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saratov, Russian Federation"/> <meta name="citation_title" content="Synthesis of silymarin−selenium nanoparticle conjugate and examination of its biological activity in vitro"/> <meta name="citation_language" content="en"/> <meta name="citation_date" content="2021/11/14"/> <meta name="citation_volume" content="9"/> <meta name="citation_issue" content="4"/> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="255"/> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="266"/> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.5599/admet.1023"/> <meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://pub.iapchem.org/ojs/index.php/admet/article/view/1023"/> <meta 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class="separator">/</span> </li> <li class="current" aria-current="page"> <span aria-current="page"> Original Scientific Articles </span> </li> </ol> </nav> <article class="obj_article_details"> <h1 class="page_title"> Synthesis of silymarin−selenium nanoparticle conjugate and examination of its biological activity in vitro </h1> <div class="row"> <div class="main_entry"> <section class="item authors"> <h2 class="pkp_screen_reader">Authors</h2> <ul class="authors"> <li> <span class="name"> Sergey Staroverov </span> <span class="affiliation"> Saratov State Agrarian University, Saratov, Russian federation </span> </li> <li> <span class="name"> Sergey Kozlov </span> <span class="affiliation"> Saratov State Agrarian University, Saratov </span> <span class="orcid"> <svg class="orcid_icon" viewBox="0 0 256 256" aria-hidden="true"> <style type="text/css"> .st0{fill:#A6CE39;} .st1{fill:#FFFFFF;} </style> <path class="st0" d="M256,128c0,70.7-57.3,128-128,128C57.3,256,0,198.7,0,128C0,57.3,57.3,0,128,0C198.7,0,256,57.3,256,128z"/> <g> <path class="st1" d="M86.3,186.2H70.9V79.1h15.4v48.4V186.2z"/> <path class="st1" d="M108.9,79.1h41.6c39.6,0,57,28.3,57,53.6c0,27.5-21.5,53.6-56.8,53.6h-41.8V79.1z M124.3,172.4h24.5 c34.9,0,42.9-26.5,42.9-39.7c0-21.5-13.7-39.7-43.7-39.7h-23.7V172.4z"/> <path class="st1" d="M88.7,56.8c0,5.5-4.5,10.1-10.1,10.1c-5.6,0-10.1-4.6-10.1-10.1c0-5.6,4.5-10.1,10.1-10.1 C84.2,46.7,88.7,51.3,88.7,56.8z"/> </g> </svg> <a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2164-8140" target="_blank"> https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2164-8140 </a> </span> </li> <li> <span class="name"> Alexander Fomin </span> <span class="affiliation"> Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saratov, Russian Federation </span> </li> <li> <span class="name"> Konstantin Gabalov </span> <span class="affiliation"> Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saratov, Russian Federation </span> </li> <li> <span class="name"> Vitaliy Khanadeev </span> <span class="affiliation"> Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saratov, Russian Federation </span> <span class="orcid"> <svg class="orcid_icon" viewBox="0 0 256 256" aria-hidden="true"> <style type="text/css"> .st0{fill:#A6CE39;} .st1{fill:#FFFFFF;} </style> <path class="st0" d="M256,128c0,70.7-57.3,128-128,128C57.3,256,0,198.7,0,128C0,57.3,57.3,0,128,0C198.7,0,256,57.3,256,128z"/> <g> <path class="st1" d="M86.3,186.2H70.9V79.1h15.4v48.4V186.2z"/> <path class="st1" d="M108.9,79.1h41.6c39.6,0,57,28.3,57,53.6c0,27.5-21.5,53.6-56.8,53.6h-41.8V79.1z M124.3,172.4h24.5 c34.9,0,42.9-26.5,42.9-39.7c0-21.5-13.7-39.7-43.7-39.7h-23.7V172.4z"/> <path class="st1" d="M88.7,56.8c0,5.5-4.5,10.1-10.1,10.1c-5.6,0-10.1-4.6-10.1-10.1c0-5.6,4.5-10.1,10.1-10.1 C84.2,46.7,88.7,51.3,88.7,56.8z"/> </g> </svg> <a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3404-5402" target="_blank"> https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3404-5402 </a> </span> </li> <li> <span class="name"> Dmitry Soldatov </span> <span class="affiliation"> Saratov State Agrarian University, Saratov </span> <span class="orcid"> <svg class="orcid_icon" viewBox="0 0 256 256" aria-hidden="true"> <style type="text/css"> .st0{fill:#A6CE39;} .st1{fill:#FFFFFF;} </style> <path class="st0" d="M256,128c0,70.7-57.3,128-128,128C57.3,256,0,198.7,0,128C0,57.3,57.3,0,128,0C198.7,0,256,57.3,256,128z"/> <g> <path class="st1" d="M86.3,186.2H70.9V79.1h15.4v48.4V186.2z"/> <path class="st1" d="M108.9,79.1h41.6c39.6,0,57,28.3,57,53.6c0,27.5-21.5,53.6-56.8,53.6h-41.8V79.1z M124.3,172.4h24.5 c34.9,0,42.9-26.5,42.9-39.7c0-21.5-13.7-39.7-43.7-39.7h-23.7V172.4z"/> <path class="st1" d="M88.7,56.8c0,5.5-4.5,10.1-10.1,10.1c-5.6,0-10.1-4.6-10.1-10.1c0-5.6,4.5-10.1,10.1-10.1 C84.2,46.7,88.7,51.3,88.7,56.8z"/> </g> </svg> <a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2296-5770" target="_blank"> https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2296-5770 </a> </span> </li> <li> <span class="name"> Ivan Domnitsky </span> <span class="affiliation"> Saratov State Agrarian University, Saratov </span> <span class="orcid"> <svg class="orcid_icon" viewBox="0 0 256 256" aria-hidden="true"> <style type="text/css"> .st0{fill:#A6CE39;} .st1{fill:#FFFFFF;} </style> <path class="st0" d="M256,128c0,70.7-57.3,128-128,128C57.3,256,0,198.7,0,128C0,57.3,57.3,0,128,0C198.7,0,256,57.3,256,128z"/> <g> <path class="st1" d="M86.3,186.2H70.9V79.1h15.4v48.4V186.2z"/> <path class="st1" d="M108.9,79.1h41.6c39.6,0,57,28.3,57,53.6c0,27.5-21.5,53.6-56.8,53.6h-41.8V79.1z M124.3,172.4h24.5 c34.9,0,42.9-26.5,42.9-39.7c0-21.5-13.7-39.7-43.7-39.7h-23.7V172.4z"/> <path class="st1" d="M88.7,56.8c0,5.5-4.5,10.1-10.1,10.1c-5.6,0-10.1-4.6-10.1-10.1c0-5.6,4.5-10.1,10.1-10.1 C84.2,46.7,88.7,51.3,88.7,56.8z"/> </g> </svg> <a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6530-7295" target="_blank"> https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6530-7295 </a> </span> </li> <li> <span class="name"> Lev Dykman </span> <span class="affiliation"> Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saratov, Russian Federation </span> <span class="orcid"> <svg class="orcid_icon" viewBox="0 0 256 256" aria-hidden="true"> <style type="text/css"> .st0{fill:#A6CE39;} .st1{fill:#FFFFFF;} </style> <path class="st0" d="M256,128c0,70.7-57.3,128-128,128C57.3,256,0,198.7,0,128C0,57.3,57.3,0,128,0C198.7,0,256,57.3,256,128z"/> <g> <path class="st1" d="M86.3,186.2H70.9V79.1h15.4v48.4V186.2z"/> <path class="st1" d="M108.9,79.1h41.6c39.6,0,57,28.3,57,53.6c0,27.5-21.5,53.6-56.8,53.6h-41.8V79.1z M124.3,172.4h24.5 c34.9,0,42.9-26.5,42.9-39.7c0-21.5-13.7-39.7-43.7-39.7h-23.7V172.4z"/> <path class="st1" d="M88.7,56.8c0,5.5-4.5,10.1-10.1,10.1c-5.6,0-10.1-4.6-10.1-10.1c0-5.6,4.5-10.1,10.1-10.1 C84.2,46.7,88.7,51.3,88.7,56.8z"/> </g> </svg> <a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2440-6761" target="_blank"> https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2440-6761 </a> </span> </li> <li> <span class="name"> Sergey V. Akchurin </span> <span class="affiliation"> Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow, Russian Federation </span> </li> <li> <span class="name"> Olga Guliy </span> <span class="affiliation"> Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saratov, Russian Federation </span> <span class="orcid"> <svg class="orcid_icon" viewBox="0 0 256 256" aria-hidden="true"> <style type="text/css"> .st0{fill:#A6CE39;} .st1{fill:#FFFFFF;} </style> <path class="st0" d="M256,128c0,70.7-57.3,128-128,128C57.3,256,0,198.7,0,128C0,57.3,57.3,0,128,0C198.7,0,256,57.3,256,128z"/> <g> <path class="st1" d="M86.3,186.2H70.9V79.1h15.4v48.4V186.2z"/> <path class="st1" d="M108.9,79.1h41.6c39.6,0,57,28.3,57,53.6c0,27.5-21.5,53.6-56.8,53.6h-41.8V79.1z M124.3,172.4h24.5 c34.9,0,42.9-26.5,42.9-39.7c0-21.5-13.7-39.7-43.7-39.7h-23.7V172.4z"/> <path class="st1" d="M88.7,56.8c0,5.5-4.5,10.1-10.1,10.1c-5.6,0-10.1-4.6-10.1-10.1c0-5.6,4.5-10.1,10.1-10.1 C84.2,46.7,88.7,51.3,88.7,56.8z"/> </g> </svg> <a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0541-0020" target="_blank"> https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0541-0020 </a> </span> </li> </ul> </section> <section class="item doi"> <h2 class="label"> DOI: </h2> <span class="value"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.5599/admet.1023"> https://doi.org/10.5599/admet.1023 </a> </span> </section> <div class="item cover_image"> <div class="sub_item"> <img src="https://pub.iapchem.org/ojs/public/journals/4/article_1023_cover_en_US.jpg" alt="Silymarin-selenium nanoparticle conjugates" > </div> </div> <section class="item abstract"> <h2 class="label">Abstract</h2> <p>Silymarin (Sil) was conjugated to selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) to increase Sil bioavailability. The conjugates were monodisperse; the average diameter of the native SeNPs was ~ 20-50 ± 1.5 nm, whereas that of the conjugates was 30-50 ± 0.5 nm. The use of SeNPs to increase the bioavailability of Syl was examined with the MH-22a, EPNT-5, HeLa, Hep-2, and SPEV-2 cell lines. The EPNT-5 (glioblastoma) cells were the most sensitive to the conjugates compared to the conjugate-free control. The conjugates increased the activity of cellular dehydrogenases and promoted the penetration of Sil into the intracellular space. Possibly, SeNPs play the main part in Sil penetration of cells and Sil penetration is not associated with phagocytosis. Thus, SeNPs are promising for use as a Sil carrier and as protective antigens.</p> </section> <div class="item downloads_chart"> <h3 class="label"> Downloads </h3> <div class="value"> <canvas class="usageStatsGraph" data-object-type="Submission" data-object-id="1023"></canvas> <div class="usageStatsUnavailable" data-object-type="Submission" data-object-id="1023"> Download data is not yet available. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entry_details"> <div class="item galleys"> <h2 class="pkp_screen_reader"> Downloads </h2> <ul class="value galleys_links"> <li> <a class="obj_galley_link pdf" href="https://pub.iapchem.org/ojs/index.php/admet/article/view/1023/1341"> PDF </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="item published"> <section class="sub_item"> <h2 class="label"> Published </h2> <div class="value"> <span>14-11-2021</span> </div> </section> </div> <div class="item citation"> <section class="sub_item citation_display"> <h2 class="label"> How to Cite </h2> <div class="value"> <div id="citationOutput" role="region" aria-live="polite"> <div class="csl-bib-body"> <div class="csl-entry">Staroverov, S. ., Kozlov, S., Fomin, A. ., Gabalov, K., Khanadeev, V., Soldatov, D., Domnitsky, I., Dykman, L., Akchurin, S. V. ., & Guliy, O. (2021). 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Synthesis of silymarin−selenium nanoparticle conjugate and examination of its biological activity in vitro | ADMET and DMPK