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<span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>The resolution of the claims</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_resolution_of_the_claims-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Details_of_the_cessions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Details_of_the_cessions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Details of the cessions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Details_of_the_cessions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Details of the cessions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Details_of_the_cessions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-States_with_land_claims" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#States_with_land_claims"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>States with land claims</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-States_with_land_claims-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-States_without_land_claims" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#States_without_land_claims"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>States without land claims</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-States_without_land_claims-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Texas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Texas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Texas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Texas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div 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.hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For state cessions elsewhere, see <a href="/wiki/Cession" title="Cession">Cession</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">U.S. areas ceded by states to the federal government</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/State_cessions" title="Special:EditPage/State cessions">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22State+cessions%22">"State cessions"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22State+cessions%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22State+cessions%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22State+cessions%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22State+cessions%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22State+cessions%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2014</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:United_States_land_claims_and_cessions_1782-1802.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/United_States_land_claims_and_cessions_1782-1802.png/240px-United_States_land_claims_and_cessions_1782-1802.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/United_States_land_claims_and_cessions_1782-1802.png/360px-United_States_land_claims_and_cessions_1782-1802.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/United_States_land_claims_and_cessions_1782-1802.png/480px-United_States_land_claims_and_cessions_1782-1802.png 2x" data-file-width="747" data-file-height="782" /></a><figcaption>A map of the United States showing land claims and cessions from 1782 to 1802</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>state cessions</b> are the areas of the United States that the separate states ceded to the <a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">federal government</a> in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The cession of these lands, which for the most part lay between the <a href="/wiki/Appalachian_Mountains" title="Appalachian Mountains">Appalachian Mountains</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a>, was key to establishing a harmonious union among the former British colonies. </p><p>The areas ceded comprise 236,825,600 acres (370,040.0 sq mi; 958,399 km<sup>2</sup>), or 10.4 percent of current <a href="/wiki/United_States_territory" class="mw-redirect" title="United States territory">United States territory</a>, and make up all or part of 10 states.<sup id="cite_ref-BLM_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BLM-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This does not include the areas <a href="/wiki/Compromise_of_1850" title="Compromise of 1850">later ceded by Texas</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">federal government</a>, which make up parts of five more states. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=State_cessions&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Most of the <a href="/wiki/British_America" title="British America">British American</a> colonies were established in the 17th and early 18th century when geographical knowledge of North America was incomplete. Many of these colonies were established by royal proclamation or charter that defined their boundaries as stretching "<a href="/wiki/Sea-to-sea_grant" class="mw-redirect" title="Sea-to-sea grant">from sea to sea</a>"; others did not have western boundaries established at all. These colonies thus ended up with theoretical extents that overlapped each other and conflicted with the claims and settlements established by other European powers. The British government's <a href="/wiki/Royal_Proclamation_of_1763" title="Royal Proclamation of 1763">Royal Proclamation of 1763</a>, while not resolving the disputes over the colonies' trans-Appalachian claims, succeeded in slowing down the movement of people into the region and the making of new claims in it. Many, however, ignored the proclamation, and various frontier settlement enterprises, owing allegiance to disparate colonial governments, continued. </p><p>By the time of the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a>, the boundaries between the <a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Colonies" title="Thirteen Colonies">Thirteen Colonies</a> that became the United States had been for the most part surveyed and agreed upon. Their land claims also corresponded in varying degrees to the actual reality on the ground in the west at the eve of the Revolution. <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a>, for instance, was organized into a <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_County,_Virginia" title="Kentucky County, Virginia">county of Virginia</a> in 1776, with <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> serving as practical sovereign over the area until its admission into the Union as a separate state in 1792. <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>' claims to land in modern-day Michigan and Wisconsin,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by contrast, amounted to little more than lines drawn on a map. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1763)" title="Treaty of Paris (1763)">Treaty of Paris (1763)</a> that ended the war known as the <a href="/wiki/French_and_Indian_War" title="French and Indian War">French and Indian War</a> in North America had <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> cede most of its <a href="/wiki/French_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="French colonization of the Americas">claims to land on the continent</a> to <a href="/wiki/Great_Britain" title="Great Britain">Great Britain</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Great Britain, gaining the eastern half of France's southern lands, extended the claims of its colonies of <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a>, Virginia, <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a>; in some cases, this reinforced earlier charter claims. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_resolution_of_the_claims">The resolution of the claims</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=State_cessions&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: The resolution of the claims"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1783)" title="Treaty of Paris (1783)">Treaty of Paris (1783)</a> that ended the American Revolution established American sovereignty over the land between the Appalachians and the Mississippi; the jobs of determining how that land should be governed, and how the conflicting claims to it by several of the states should be resolved, were one of the first major tasks facing the new nation. </p><p>The potential for trouble arising from these claims was twofold. One problem was obvious: in many cases more than one state laid claim to the same piece of territory, but clearly only one would be ultimately recognized as the sovereign. The other conflict also threatened the peace of the new union. Only seven of the thirteen states had western land claims, and the other, "landless" states were fearful of being overwhelmed by states that controlled vast stretches of the new frontier. Virginia in particular, which already encompassed 1 in 5 inhabitants of the new nation, laid claim to modern-day Kentucky, and the vast territory it called <a href="/wiki/Illinois_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Illinois County">Illinois County</a>, and the smaller states feared that it would come to completely dominate the union. </p><p>In the end, most of the trans-Appalachian land claims were ceded to the Federal government between 1781 and 1787; New York, New Hampshire, and the hitherto unrecognized Vermont government resolved their squabbles by 1791, and Kentucky was separated from Virginia and made into a new state in 1792. The cessions were not entirely selfless—in some cases the cessions were made in exchange for federal assumption of the states' Revolutionary War debts—but the states' reasonably graceful cessions of their oft-conflicting claims prevented early, perhaps catastrophic, rifts among the states of the young Republic, and assuaged the fears of the "landless" states enough to convince them to ratify the new <a href="/wiki/United_States_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Constitution">United States Constitution</a>. The cessions also set the stage for the settlement of the <a href="/wiki/Upper_Midwest" title="Upper Midwest">Upper Midwest</a> and the expansion of the U.S. into the center of the North American continent, and also established the pattern by which land newly acquired by the United States would be organized into new states rather than attached to old ones. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> held on to its claims over trans-Appalachian land for another decade, and this claim was complicated by the fact that much of the land was also disputed between the United States and Spain. When Georgia finally sold the land west of its current boundaries to the United States for cash in 1802, the last phase of western cessions was complete. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Details_of_the_cessions">Details of the cessions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=State_cessions&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Details of the cessions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="States_with_land_claims">States with land claims</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=State_cessions&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: States with land claims"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="sortable wikitable plainrowheaders"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">State </th> <th scope="col">Date ceded </th> <th scope="col">Date accepted </th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">Claims and cessions </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span data-sort-value="01 !"><a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a></span> </th> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001786-05-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 11, 1786</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001786-05-28-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 28, 1786</span> </td> <td>Ceded a swath between present <a href="/wiki/42nd_parallel_north" title="42nd parallel north">north</a> and <a href="/wiki/41st_parallel_north" title="41st parallel north">south</a> border-latitudes west to the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a>, across present-day <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> (notably the <a href="/wiki/Wyoming_Valley" title="Wyoming Valley">Wyoming Valley</a> disputed in the <a href="/wiki/Pennamite%E2%80%93Yankee_War" title="Pennamite–Yankee War">Pennamite–Yankee War</a>), <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a>, except for a portion south of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Erie" title="Lake Erie">Lake Erie</a>. Sovereignty over this "<a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Western_Reserve" title="Connecticut Western Reserve">Western Reserve</a>" was ceded to the federal government in 1800. </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span data-sort-value="02 !"><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a></span> </th> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001802-04-24-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">April 24, 1802</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001802-06-16-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 16, 1802</span> </td> <td>Ceded the "<a href="/wiki/Yazoo_lands" title="Yazoo lands">Yazoo lands</a>", between <a href="/wiki/35th_parallel_north" title="35th parallel north">35th parallel</a> and <a href="/wiki/31st_parallel_north" title="31st parallel north">31st parallel</a> of latitude west to the Mississippi River, across present-day <a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a>. Unique among the cessions, Georgia charged the federal government $1.25 million for this land, which it apparently paid. </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span data-sort-value="03 !"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></span> </th> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001784-11-13-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">November 13, 1784</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001785-04-19-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">April 19, 1785</span> </td> <td>Ceded a swath between present <a href="/wiki/44th_parallel_north" title="44th parallel north">north</a> and <a href="/wiki/42nd_parallel_north" title="42nd parallel north">south</a> border-latitudes west, across present-day <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a>, to which it was entitled by its interpretation of its original sea-to-sea grant from The British Crown. </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span data-sort-value="04 !"><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a></span> </th> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001780-02-19-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">February 19, 1780</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001782-10-29-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">October 29, 1782</span> </td> <td>Ceded claims west of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Ontario" title="Lake Ontario">Lake Ontario</a>. New York was allowed to keep the land claimed by it and Massachusetts west of the <a href="/wiki/Preemption_Line" title="Preemption Line">Preemption Line</a> in 1786, which eventually became <a href="/wiki/Western_New_York" title="Western New York">Western New York</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span data-sort-value="05 !"><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a></span> </th> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001789-12-22-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">December 22, 1789</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001790-02-25-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">February 25, 1790</span> </td> <td>Ceded its trans-Appalachian <a href="/wiki/Washington_District,_North_Carolina" title="Washington District, North Carolina">Washington District</a>, a swath between present north and south border-latitudes west to the Mississippi River, from which the federal government created the <a href="/wiki/Southwest_Territory" title="Southwest Territory">Southwest Territory</a>, and subsequently the <a href="/wiki/State_of_Tennessee" class="mw-redirect" title="State of Tennessee">State of Tennessee</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span data-sort-value="06 !"><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a></span> </th> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001787-03-08-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 8, 1787</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001787-08-09-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">August 9, 1787</span> </td> <td>Ceded a swath, approximately 12 miles (19 km) wide (north–south), west from its northwestern tip to the Mississippi River, across extreme southwest North Carolina, northern Georgia, plus the southern edge of present-day Tennessee, along with the northern edge of present-day Alabama and Mississippi. In a separate agreement, South Carolina and Georgia adjusted their common boundary.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <p>Note that the claim by South Carolina had been for land between the <a href="/wiki/Headwaters" class="mw-redirect" title="Headwaters">headwaters</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Savannah_River" title="Savannah River">Savannah River</a> and the southern boundary of <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a>, and thence westward. In fact, however, later and more accurate <a href="/wiki/Surveying" title="Surveying">surveying</a> showed that the headwaters of the Savannah River actually extended into North Carolina. This meant that this strip of land for South Carolina had actually been illusory. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span data-sort-value="07 !"><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a></span> </th> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001781-01-02-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 2, 1781</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001784-03-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 1, 1784</span> </td> <td>Ceded its vast claim to <a href="/wiki/Illinois_County,_Virginia" title="Illinois County, Virginia">the territory north of the Ohio River</a>, which would subsequently become the <a href="/wiki/Northwest_Territory" title="Northwest Territory">Northwest Territory</a>, but initially retained its remaining trans-Appalachian claim, the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_County,_Virginia" title="Kentucky County, Virginia">Kentucky County</a>, south of the Ohio and east of the Mississippi River – present-day <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a>. Also ceded land to the federal government that became part of the <a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a>; this land was later <a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia_retrocession" title="District of Columbia retrocession">retroceded back to Virginia</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="States_without_land_claims">States without land claims</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=State_cessions&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: States without land claims"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">State </th> <th scope="col">Notes </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a> </th> <td>No land claim farther west. Its western border forms part of the <a href="/wiki/Mason%E2%80%93Dixon_line" title="Mason–Dixon line">Mason–Dixon line</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </th> <td>No land claim farther west, but ceded land to the federal government that became part of the <a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a> (and is now the entirety of it). Maryland's northern border forms part of the Mason–Dixon line. </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire" title="New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a> </th> <td>Prior to the American Revolution, <a href="/wiki/Province_of_New_Hampshire" title="Province of New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a> claimed territory west of <a href="/wiki/Connecticut_River" title="Connecticut River">Connecticut River</a>, in present-day southern <a href="/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont">Vermont</a>, territory that was also claimed by <a href="/wiki/Province_of_New_York" title="Province of New York">New York</a>. The resulting "<a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_Grants" title="New Hampshire Grants">New Hampshire Grants</a>" dispute led to the rise of the <a href="/wiki/Green_Mountain_Boys" title="Green Mountain Boys">Green Mountain Boys</a> and the later establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Vermont_Republic" title="Vermont Republic">Vermont Republic</a>. New Hampshire's claim upon the land was extinguished in 1764 by <a href="/wiki/Order_in_Council" title="Order in Council">royal order</a> of <a href="/wiki/George_III_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="George III of the United Kingdom">George III</a>, and in 1790 the State of New York <a href="/wiki/Cession" title="Cession">ceded</a> its land claim to Vermont for 30,000 <a href="/wiki/Spanish_dollar" title="Spanish dollar">dollars</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </th> <td>No land claim farther west. </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </th> <td>Original land grant from King <a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_England" title="Charles II of England">Charles II of England</a> to <a href="/wiki/William_Penn" title="William Penn">William Penn</a> was for the land between the <a href="/wiki/42nd_parallel_north" title="42nd parallel north">42nd parallel</a> and the <a href="/wiki/39th_parallel_north" title="39th parallel north">38th parallel</a> in latitude, and extending west five degrees in <a href="/wiki/Longitude" title="Longitude">longitude</a> from the western boundary of New Jersey and northwestern boundary of <a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a>. Its southern border forms part of the Mason–Dixon line. <p>Pennsylvania claimed the portion of land along Lake Erie commonly known as the <a href="/wiki/Erie_Triangle" title="Erie Triangle">Erie Triangle</a>; after Massachusetts and Connecticut ceded their claims to it, the Erie Triangle was sold to Pennsylvania by the federal government in 1792. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a> </th> <td>No land claim farther west. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Texas">Texas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=State_cessions&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Texas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wpdms_republic_of_texas.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Wpdms_republic_of_texas.svg/210px-Wpdms_republic_of_texas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="210" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Wpdms_republic_of_texas.svg/315px-Wpdms_republic_of_texas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Wpdms_republic_of_texas.svg/420px-Wpdms_republic_of_texas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="333" data-file-height="410" /></a><figcaption>Map of Texas, illustrating the area under <i>de facto</i> control of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Texas" title="Republic of Texas">Republic of Texas</a> (in light yellow); the full extent of the Texan claim (light yellow and green); and modern-day borders of the <a href="/wiki/State_of_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="State of Texas">State of Texas</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Later in the 19th century, there was one more case of a state ceding some of its land to the federal government. Before the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Texas" title="Republic of Texas">Republic of Texas</a> joined the United States in 1845, it <i>claimed</i> a good deal of land that had never been under the <i>de facto</i> control of the Texan government – Texan attempts to exercise control of these territories as a sovereign state (most famously, the <a href="/wiki/Texan_Santa_Fe_expedition" class="mw-redirect" title="Texan Santa Fe expedition">Santa Fe expedition</a>) had ended in disaster. Thus, there was a border dispute between Texas, Mexico, and <a href="/wiki/Native_American_tribe" class="mw-redirect" title="Native American tribe">Native American tribes</a> that the U.S. government inherited upon the annexation of Texas. This was one of the causes of the <a href="/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War" title="Mexican–American War">Mexican–American War</a> of 1846–47 (another being the western land aspirations of the U.S. coupled with the refusal by the <a href="/wiki/United_Mexican_States" class="mw-redirect" title="United Mexican States">United Mexican States</a> to sell its territory to the U.S.). After the American victory in that war, the Mexican government recognized American sovereignty over the disputed Texan lands and also ceded/sold the land extending west to the Pacific Ocean. The Mexican government was paid $25,000,000 under the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Guadalupe_Hidalgo" title="Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo">Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo</a> of 1848. </p><p>In addition, the maximalist land claims of the Republic of Texas did not set the northern and western borders of the <a href="/wiki/State_of_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="State of Texas">State of Texas</a>. Most, but not all, of its northern boundary had been set by a treaty between the United States and the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish Empire</a> – along the <a href="/wiki/Red_River_of_the_South" title="Red River of the South">Red River</a>. </p><p>In an act of Congress, the <a href="/wiki/Compromise_of_1850" title="Compromise of 1850">Compromise of 1850</a>, Texas ceded its conflicting northern and western territorial claims to the U.S. in return for debt relief, removing its conflicting claims from the U.S. territorial gains of the Mexican–American War. This ceded land eventually became portions of the states of <a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a> (1861), <a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a> (1876), <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a> (1890), <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> (1907), and <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a> (1912). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=State_cessions&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_Country" title="Ohio Country">Ohio Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois_Country" title="Illinois Country">Illinois Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_regions_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Historic regions of the United States">Historic regions of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_evolution_of_the_United_States" title="Territorial evolution of the United States">Territorial evolution of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans-Appalachia" title="Trans-Appalachia">Trans-Appalachia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=State_cessions&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-BLM-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BLM_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110723183417/http://www.blm.gov/natacq/pls02/pls1-1_02.pdf">Table 1.1 Acquisition of the Public Domain 1781–1867</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thomas Donaldson, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=n8IPAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA87">The Public Domain, Its History with Statistics</a>, p. 87 (1884)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"His Most Christian Majesty cedes and guaranties to his said Britannick Majesty, in full right, Canada, with all its dependencies, as well as the island of Cape Breton, and all the other islands and coasts in the gulph and river of St. Lawrence, and in general, every thing that depends on the said countries, lands, islands, and coasts, with the sovereignty, property, possession, and all rights acquired by treaty, or otherwise, which the Most Christian King and the Crown of France have had till now over the said countries, lands, islands, places, coasts, and their inhabitants" – Article IV of the Treaty of Paris (1763) at Wikisource</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">" (…) it is agreed, that … the confines between the dominions of his Britannick Majesty and those of his Most Christian Majesty, in that part of the world, shall be fixed irrevocably by a line drawn along the middle of the River Mississippi, from its source to the river Iberville, and from hence, by a line drawn along the middle of this river, and the lakes Maurepas and Pontchartrain to the sea; and for this purpose, the Most Christian King cedes in full right, and guaranties to his Britannick Majesty the river and port of Mobile, and every thing which he possesses, or ought to possess, on the left side of the river Mississippi, except the town of New Orleans and the island in which it is situated, which shall remain to France, (…)"— Article VII of the Treaty of Paris (1763) at Wikisource</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWorthington_C._Ford1904–37" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-year-range-abbreviated">Worthington C. Ford; et al., eds. (1904–37). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=lljc&fileName=033/lljc033.db&recNum=83&itemLink=r?ammem/hlaw:@field(DOCID+@lit(jc03317))%230330084&linkText=1"><i>Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774–1789</i></a>. pp. Vol. 33, pp. 466–477.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Journals+of+the+Continental+Congress%2C+1774%E2%80%931789&rft.pages=Vol.+33%2C+pp.+466-477&rft.date=1904%2F1937&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmemory.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fampage%3FcollId%3Dlljc%26fileName%3D033%2Flljc033.db%26recNum%3D83%26itemLink%3Dr%3Fammem%2Fhlaw%3A%40field%28DOCID%2B%40lit%28jc03317%29%29%25230330084%26linkText%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AState+cessions" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Donaldson, (1884), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=n8IPAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA41">pp. 41–42</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=State_cessions&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Wallace_Gates" title="Paul Wallace Gates">Paul Wallace Gates</a>, History of Public Land Law Development, Chapter III <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.32106000891595;view=1up;seq=69">State Cessions of Western Land Claims</a>. Public Land Law Review Commission, (1968), Washington D.C.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=State_cessions&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://media.maps101.com/SUB/HGIFS/USAH052-H.gif">Map of state claims (1)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/31/32716/figures/DIVI118.jpg">Map of state claims (2)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070620061653/http://www.oldmilford.com/images/westernclaims-big.jpg">Map of state claims (3)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ohwy.com/history%20pictures/maps/land-claims.jpg">Map of state claims (4)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/historical/shepherd/united_states_1783_1803.jpg">Map of state claims (5)</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=State_cessions&oldid=1222520387">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=State_cessions&oldid=1222520387</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_United_States_expansionism" title="Category:History of United States expansionism">History of United States expansionism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_the_Midwestern_United_States" title="Category:History of the Midwestern United States">History of the Midwestern United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pre-statehood_history_of_Texas" title="Category:Pre-statehood history of Texas">Pre-statehood history of Texas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Territorial_evolution_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Territorial evolution of the United States">Territorial evolution of the United States</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1:_abbreviated_year_range" title="Category:CS1: abbreviated year range">CS1: abbreviated year range</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_January_2014" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from January 2014">Articles needing additional references from January 2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_April_2012" title="Category:Use mdy dates from April 2012">Use mdy dates from April 2012</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 6 May 2024, at 12:34<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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