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class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">外觀</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" lang="zh-Hant" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" lang="zh-Hant" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hant" class=""><span>資助維基百科</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&returntoquery=variant%3Dzh-hant" title="我們會鼓勵您建立一個帳號並且登入，即使這不是必要的動作。" class=""><span>建立帳號</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&returntoquery=variant%3Dzh-hant" title="建議您先登入，但並非必要。[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>登入</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多選項" lang="zh-Hant" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="個人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">個人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="使用者選單" lang="zh-Hant" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hant"><span>資助維基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&returntoquery=variant%3Dzh-hant" title="我們會鼓勵您建立一個帳號並且登入，即使這不是必要的動作。"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>建立帳號</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&returntoquery=variant%3Dzh-hant" title="建議您先登入，但並非必要。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登入</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" lang="zh-Hant" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 用於已登出編輯者的頁面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%96%80" aria-label="了解更多有關編輯"><span>了解更多</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="由此 IP 位址編輯的清單[y]" accesskey="y"><span>貢獻</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="有關來自此 IP 位址編輯的討論[n]" accesskey="n"><span>討論</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站台"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目次" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目次</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至側邊欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隱藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-歷史及现状" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#歷史及现状"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>歷史及現狀</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-歷史及现状-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-音系" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#音系"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>音系</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-音系-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-词汇与语法" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#词汇与语法"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>詞彙與語法</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-词汇与语法-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>參見</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>參考文獻</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>切換參考文獻子章節</span> </button> <ul id="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-引用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#引用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>引用</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-引用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-来源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#来源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>來源</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-来源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目次" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" lang="zh-Hant" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="切換目次" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">切換目次</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading" lang="zh-Hant" dir="ltr"><span class="mw-page-title-main">富裕柯爾克孜語</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" lang="zh-Hant" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往別種語言的條目。有 22 種語言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 種語言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88_%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%BA%DB%8C%D8%B2_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AC%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="فویو قیرغیز تورکجه‌سی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فویو قیرغیز تورکجه‌سی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D1%8E%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0-%D0%BA%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Фуюйска-кыргыская мова – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Фуюйска-кыргыская мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D1%8E%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Фуюйско-киргизки език – 保加利亞文" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Фуюйско-киргизки език" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B3-%E1%B9%B3%CC%84_Kyrgyz-ng%E1%B9%B3%CC%84" title="Hó-ṳ̄ Kyrgyz-ngṳ̄ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Hó-ṳ̄ Kyrgyz-ngṳ̄" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuj%C3%BCsk%C3%A1_kyrgyz%C5%A1tina" title="Fujüská kyrgyzština – 捷克文" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Fujüská kyrgyzština" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuyu-Kirgisen" title="Fuyu-Kirgisen – 德文" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fuyu-Kirgisen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1_%CE%A6%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D_%CE%9A%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B6" title="Γλώσσα Φουγιού Κιργκίζ – 希臘文" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γλώσσα Φουγιού Κιργκίζ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希臘文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuyu_Kyrgyz_language" title="Fuyu Kyrgyz language – 英文" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Fuyu Kyrgyz language" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%AFrg%C3%AFs_de_Fu-Y%C3%BC" title="Gïrgïs de Fu-Yü – 法文" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gïrgïs de Fu-Yü" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E3%82%AD%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AE%E3%82%B9%E8%AA%9E" title="富裕キルギス語 – 日文" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="富裕キルギス語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%B9%D0%BE_%D2%9B%D1%8B%D1%80%D2%93%D1%8B%D0%B7_%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Пуйо қырғыз тілі – 哈薩克文" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Пуйо қырғыз тілі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈薩克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%91%B8%EC%9C%84_%ED%82%A4%EB%A5%B4%EA%B8%B0%EC%8A%A4%EC%96%B4" title="푸위 키르기스어 – 韓文" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="푸위 키르기스어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D1%98%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Фујуско-киргиски јазик – 馬其頓文" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Фујуско-киргиски јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="馬其頓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuy%C3%BC-kirgisisk" title="Fuyü-kirgisisk – 巴克摩挪威文" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fuyü-kirgisisk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="巴克摩挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_fuyu_quirguiz" title="Língua fuyu quirguiz – 葡萄牙文" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua fuyu quirguiz" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D1%8E%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D0%BA%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Фуюйско-кыргызский язык – 俄文" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Фуюйско-кыргызский язык" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D0%B9%D1%83%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%8B%D1%81_%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Фуйуй кыргыс тыла – 雅庫特文" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Фуйуй кыргыс тыла" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="雅庫特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuyukirgisk%C5%8F_g%C5%8Fdka" title="Fuyukirgiskŏ gŏdka – 西利西亞文" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Fuyukirgiskŏ gŏdka" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="西利西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9-%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B" title="ภาษาฟูยู-คีร์กีซ – 泰文" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษาฟูยู-คีร์กีซ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuy%C3%BC_G%C4%B1rg%C4%B1s_dili" title="Fuyü Gırgıs dili – 土耳其文" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Fuyü Gırgıs dili" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D1%8E_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%B7_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Фую кыргыз теле – 韃靼文" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Фую кыргыз теле" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="韃靼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Kyrgyz_Ph%C3%BA_D%E1%BB%A5" title="Tiếng Kyrgyz Phú Dụ – 越南文" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiếng Kyrgyz Phú Dụ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2598963#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="編輯跨語言連結" class="wbc-editpage">編輯連結</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空間"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" lang="zh-Hant" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD" title="瀏覽條目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>條目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD" rel="discussion" title="有關頁面內容的討論[t]" accesskey="t"><span>討論</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " lang="zh-Hant" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="變更語言變體" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">繁體</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" lang="zh-Hant" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="selected ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="視圖"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" lang="zh-Hant" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD"><span>閱讀</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&action=edit" title="編輯此頁面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>編輯</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&action=history" title="此頁面先前的修訂[h]" accesskey="h"><span>檢視歷史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="頁面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" lang="zh-Hant" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至側邊欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隱藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多選項" lang="zh-Hant" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD"><span>閱讀</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&action=edit" title="編輯此頁面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>編輯</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&action=history"><span>檢視歷史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" lang="zh-Hant" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 一般 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD" title="列出所有連結此頁面的頁面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>連結至此的頁面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD" rel="nofollow" title="此頁面連結至其他頁面的近期變更[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相關變更</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上傳檔案[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上傳檔案</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊頁面的清單[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊頁面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&oldid=83896262" title="此頁面修訂的固定連結"><span>固定連結</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&action=info" title="更多關於此頁面的資訊"><span>頁面資訊</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&id=83896262&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="關於如何引用此頁的資訊"><span>引用此頁面</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fzh-hant%2F%25E5%25AF%258C%25E8%25A3%2595%25E6%259F%25AF%25E5%25B0%2594%25E5%2585%258B%25E5%25AD%259C%25E8%25AF%25AD"><span>取得短網址</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fzh-hant%2F%25E5%25AF%258C%25E8%25A3%2595%25E6%259F%25AF%25E5%25B0%2594%25E5%2585%258B%25E5%25AD%259C%25E8%25AF%25AD"><span>下載QR碼</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" lang="zh-Hant" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 列印/匯出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&action=show-download-screen"><span>下載為PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="此頁面的可列印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>可列印版</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" lang="zh-Hant" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 其他專案 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2598963" title="連結至已連接的資料儲存庫項目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>維基數據項目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="頁面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外觀"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外觀</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至側邊欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隱藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">維基百科，自由的百科全書</div> </div> <div id="contentSub" lang="zh-Hant" dir="ltr"><div id="mw-content-subtitle" lang="zh-Hant" dir="ltr"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh-Hant" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84078810">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}</style><table class="infobox vevent infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above above" style="color: black; background-color: yellowgreen;">富裕柯爾克孜語</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">母語國家和地區</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B" title="中國">中國</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;"><b>區域</b></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E9%BE%99%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81" title="黑龍江省">黑龍江省</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%90%E9%BD%90%E5%93%88%E5%B0%94%E5%B8%82" title="齊齊哈爾市">齊齊哈爾市</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E5%8E%BF" title="富裕縣">富裕縣</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">母語使用人數</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">約15人 （2017）<sup id="cite_ref-使用情况调查分析_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-使用情况调查分析-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%B3%BB%E5%B1%9E%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="語言系屬分類">語系</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><div style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E8%AF%AD%E7%B3%BB" title="突厥語系">突厥語系</a> <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1em;padding-left:0"><li> <a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E4%BC%AF%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E%E6%94%AF" title="西伯利亞語支">西伯利亞語支</a><sup id="cite_ref-:5_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1em;padding-left:0"><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%8D%A1%E6%96%AF%E8%AF%AD" title="哈卡斯語">哈卡斯語</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1em;padding-left:0"><li><b>富裕柯爾克孜語</b></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: yellowgreen;;">語言代碼</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-2" title="ISO 639-2">ISO 639-2</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><code><a href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/tut" class="extiw" title="iso639-3:tut">tut</a></code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><code><a href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/kjh" class="extiw" title="iso639-3:kjh">kjh</a></code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80%E5%AD%B8%E5%AE%B6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8_(%E7%B6%B2%E7%AB%99)" title="語言學家列表 (網站)">語言學家列表</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://multitree.org/codes/kjh-fyk">kjh-fyk</a></code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/Glottolog" title="Glottolog">Glottolog</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><i>無</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%80%95%E5%8D%B1%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80%E9%A0%85%E7%9B%AE" title="瀕危語言項目">ELP</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/3383">Manchurian Kirghiz</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: yellowgreen;;">瀕危程度</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E3%80%81%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%8A%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="聯合國教育、科學及文化組織">聯合國教科文組織</a>認定的<a href="/wiki/%E7%80%95%E5%8D%B1%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" title="瀕危語言">瀕危語言</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span style="color:#c00;"><b>極度危險</b></span>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unesco.org/culture/languages-atlas/index.php">UNESCO</a>）<div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:UNESCO_AWLD_CE_CHT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/UNESCO_AWLD_CE_CHT.png/288px-UNESCO_AWLD_CE_CHT.png" decoding="async" width="288" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/UNESCO_AWLD_CE_CHT.png/432px-UNESCO_AWLD_CE_CHT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/UNESCO_AWLD_CE_CHT.png/576px-UNESCO_AWLD_CE_CHT.png 2x" data-file-width="1494" data-file-height="431" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint selfref" style="background-color:#ddddff;padding:0.3em 0.5em;text-align:left;line-height:1.3;"><b>本條目包含<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="國際音標">國際音標</a>符號。</b>部分<a href="/wiki/%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="操作系統">作業系統</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E9%A1%B5%E6%B5%8F%E8%A7%88%E5%99%A8" title="網頁瀏覽器">瀏覽器</a>需要<a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D%E8%88%87%E7%AC%A6%E8%99%9F" title="Help:特殊字母與符號">特殊字母與符號支援</a>才能正確顯示，否則可能顯示為<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%82%E7%A2%BC" title="亂碼">亂碼</a>、問號、空格等其它符號。</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>富裕柯爾克孜語</b>或<b>富裕吉爾吉斯語</b>，也被稱為<b>黑龍江柯爾克孜語</b>、<b>東北柯爾克孜語</b>，是中國分布最靠東的<a href="/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E8%AF%AD%E7%B3%BB" title="突厥語系">突厥語系</a>語言，為<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E8%A3%95%E5%B0%94%E6%B2%B3%E7%95%94%E4%BA%94%E5%A7%93%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C" title="烏裕爾河畔五姓柯爾克孜">富裕柯爾克孜族</a>的母語。雖然稱為「柯爾克孜語」，實際上<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%8D%A1%E6%96%AF%E8%AF%AD" title="哈卡斯語">哈卡斯語</a>的方言<sup id="cite_ref-:5_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，而與屬於不同語支的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD" title="柯爾克孜語">柯爾克孜語</a>差別大<sup id="cite_ref-新疆少数民族语言研究_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-新疆少数民族语言研究-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>富裕柯爾克孜語沒有成型的文字，僅為<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A3%E8%AF%AD" title="口語">口語</a>，至2017年，其使用者僅剩十餘人，絕大多數使用者為老年人且集中於<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E9%BE%99%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81" title="黑龍江省">黑龍江省</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%90%E9%BD%90%E5%93%88%E5%B0%94%E5%B8%82" title="齊齊哈爾市">齊齊哈爾市</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E5%8E%BF" title="富裕縣">富裕縣</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E5%AE%B6%E5%AD%90%E6%9D%91" title="五家子村">五家子村</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%83%E5%AE%B6%E5%AD%90%E6%9D%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="七家子村（頁面不存在）">七家子村</a>，處於極度瀕危狀態。<sup id="cite_ref-使用情况调查分析_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-使用情况调查分析-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-濒危状态_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-濒危状态-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="歷史及现状"><span id=".E6.AD.B7.E5.8F.B2.E5.8F.8A.E7.8E.B0.E7.8A.B6"></span>歷史及現狀</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&section=1" title="編輯章節：歷史及現狀"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>富裕柯爾克族的先祖是<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%A0%E6%88%9B%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="黠戛斯">黠戛斯人</a>（即<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%8D%A1%E6%96%AF%E4%BA%BA" title="哈卡斯人">哈卡斯人</a>），活動於<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B6%E5%B0%BC%E5%A1%9E%E6%B2%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="葉尼塞河">葉尼塞河</a>流域，說哈卡斯語的一個方言。十八世紀，清朝<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%96%E5%99%B6%E7%88%BE%E4%B9%8B%E5%BD%B9" title="準噶爾之役">攻滅準噶爾汗國</a>，一部分哈卡斯人被清朝政府移送至<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E8%A3%95%E5%B0%94%E6%B2%B3" title="烏裕爾河">烏裕爾河</a>河畔，即<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E8%A3%95%E5%B0%94%E6%B2%B3%E7%95%94%E4%BA%94%E5%A7%93%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C" title="烏裕爾河畔五姓柯爾克孜">烏裕爾河畔五姓柯爾克孜</a>。他們所說的哈卡斯語方言即富裕柯爾克孜語。由於處於蒙古族、漢族文化圈中，加之人數較少，跨民族通婚很常見等因素，富裕柯爾克孜語在長期的發展中逐漸式微<sup id="cite_ref-新疆少数民族语言研究_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-新疆少数民族语言研究-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-访吴占柱_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-访吴占柱-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>在1980年，大約還有一百餘人説這種語言，當時成年人多改持<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="蒙古語">蒙古語</a>，兒童則多說<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="漢語">漢語</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。根據2006年的調查，富裕柯爾克孜語使用者僅剩22人，其中富裕縣境內有18人<sup id="cite_ref-濒危状态_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-濒危状态-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>137</span></sup>。2017年，富裕縣境內的富裕柯爾克孜語使用者人口僅剩15人。在這15人中，能說出較完整句子的僅有5人且大多數年齡超70歲，掌握簡單句子和一些單詞的大多超過六十歲。如今，富裕柯爾克孜族人主要使用漢語作為對外交流語言和族內交流語言，也有人能掌握<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%AF%AD" title="蒙古語">蒙古語</a>，而本民族語言富裕柯爾克孜語則已經處於極度瀕危狀態<sup id="cite_ref-使用情况调查分析_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-使用情况调查分析-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:18</sup><sup id="cite_ref-濒危状态_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-濒危状态-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="音系"><span id=".E9.9F.B3.E7.B3.BB"></span>音系</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&section=2" title="編輯章節：音系"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>據學者<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E6%8C%AF%E5%8D%8E" title="胡振華">胡振華</a>的調查，富裕柯爾克孜語的基礎<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="元音">元音</a>有八個，元音有長短對立，但這種長短對立是輔音簡化後代償性產生出的。如富裕柯爾克孜語中的<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r61209503">.mw-parser-output .IPA{font-family:"Charis SIL","Doulos SIL","Linux Libertine","Segoe UI","Lucida Sans Unicode","Code2000","Gentium","Gentium Alternative","TITUS Cyberbit Basic","Arial Unicode MS","IPAPANNEW","Chrysanthi Unicode","GentiumAlt","Bitstream Vera","Bitstream Cyberbit","Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro","Lucida Grande",sans-serif;text-decoration:none!important}.mw-parser-output .IPA a:link,.mw-parser-output .IPA a:visited{text-decoration:none!important}</style><span title="國際音標" class="IPA">/pʉːn/</span>對應柯爾克孜語中的<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="國際音標" class="IPA">/byɡyn/</span>。富裕柯爾克孜語有21個<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%85%E9%9F%B3" title="輔音">輔音</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%B3%E4%BD%8D" title="音位">音位</a>。和多數突厥語類似，富裕柯爾克孜語的詞<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="重音">重音</a>一般落在最後一個音節上<sup id="cite_ref-语言特点1_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-语言特点1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="词汇与语法"><span id=".E8.AF.8D.E6.B1.87.E4.B8.8E.E8.AF.AD.E6.B3.95"></span>詞彙與語法</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&section=3" title="編輯章節：詞彙與語法"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>與新疆的柯爾克孜族不同，富裕柯爾克孜人歷史上不信仰<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="伊斯蘭教">伊斯蘭教</a>，因而語言中沒有<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%AF%AD" title="阿拉伯語">阿拉伯語</a>借詞，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E8%AF%AD" title="波斯語">波斯語</a>借詞雖然有但是很少，主要是東遷之前借入的。相較於新疆的柯爾克孜語，富裕柯爾克孜語具有較高的突厥語源詞比例，而且借入了大量的<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%AF%AD" title="蒙古語">蒙古語</a>和漢語借詞<sup id="cite_ref-蒙语元音比较_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-蒙语元音比较-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-语言特点_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-语言特点-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。語法方面，富裕柯爾克孜語為一種<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8F%E7%9D%80%E8%AF%AD" title="黏着語">黏着語</a>，採用黏着法構詞。<sup id="cite_ref-使用情况调查分析_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-使用情况调查分析-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-语言特点1_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-语言特点1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參見"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A6.8B"></span>參見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&section=4" title="編輯章節：參見"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%8D%A1%E6%96%AF%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="哈卡斯語">哈卡斯語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD" title="柯爾克孜語">柯爾克孜語</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文獻"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>參考文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&section=5" title="編輯章節：參考文獻"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="引用"><span id=".E5.BC.95.E7.94.A8"></span>引用</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&section=6" title="編輯章節：引用"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-使用情况调查分析-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-使用情况调查分析_1-0"><sup><b>1.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-使用情况调查分析_1-1"><sup><b>1.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-使用情况调查分析_1-2"><sup><b>1.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-使用情况调查分析_1-3"><sup><b>1.3</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">劉建權. 黑龙江省富裕县柯尔克孜族语言使用情况调查分析. 牡丹. 2017, <b>18</b>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&rft.atitle=%E9%BB%91%E9%BE%99%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E5%8E%BF%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E6%97%8F%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E6%83%85%E5%86%B5%E8%B0%83%E6%9F%A5%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90&rft.au=%E5%88%98%E5%BB%BA%E6%9D%83&rft.date=2017&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%E7%89%A1%E4%B8%B9&rft.volume=18&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_2-0"><sup><b>2.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_2-1"><sup><b>2.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREF2010" class="citation book">Keith Brown, Sarah Ogilvie (編). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=F2SRqDzB50wC&pg=PA1109&lpg=PA1109&dq=salars+oghuz&source=bl&ots=SPnuDbxHW6&sig=CFU07TBa1CkA9QeLcOj7LSoU-cY&hl=en&sa=X&ei=dg2GUPPfG6mB0QGis4HwCg&ved=0CDgQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=salars%20oghuz&f=false">Concise Encyclopedia of Languages of the World</a> revised. Elsevier. 2010: 1109 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-04-24</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0080877753" title="Special:網絡書源/0080877753"><span title="國際標準書號">ISBN</span> 0080877753</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&rft.btitle=Concise+Encyclopedia+of+Languages+of+the+World&rft.date=2010&rft.edition=revised&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0080877753&rft.pages=1109&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DF2SRqDzB50wC%26pg%3DPA1109%26lpg%3DPA1109%26dq%3Dsalars%2Boghuz%26source%3Dbl%26ots%3DSPnuDbxHW6%26sig%3DCFU07TBa1CkA9QeLcOj7LSoU-cY%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ei%3Ddg2GUPPfG6mB0QGis4HwCg%26ved%3D0CDgQ6AEwAQ%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dsalars%2520oghuz%26f%3Dfalse&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:6_3-0"><sup><b>3.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_3-1"><sup><b>3.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=U1009DRu_vMC&pg=PA83#v=onepage&q&f=false">Johanson 1998</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20160416061953/https://books.google.com/books?id=U1009DRu_vMC&pg=PA83#v=onepage&q&f=false">頁面存檔備份</a>，存於<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互聯網檔案館">網際網路檔案館</a>）, p. 83.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">胡振華. 中国柯尔克孜族的语言文字及其研究概况. 黑龍江民族叢刊. 2003, (1): 107–109.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&rft.atitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E6%97%8F%E7%9A%84%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97%E5%8F%8A%E5%85%B6%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%A6%82%E5%86%B5&rft.au=%E8%83%A1%E6%8C%AF%E5%8D%8E&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=%E9%BB%91%E9%BE%99%E6%B1%9F%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E4%B8%9B%E5%88%8A&rft.pages=107-109&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unesco.org/culture/languages-atlas/index.php">UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in danger</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E3%80%81%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%8A%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="聯合國教育、科學及文化組織">UNESCO</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-新疆少数民族语言研究-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-新疆少数民族语言研究_6-0"><sup><b>6.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-新疆少数民族语言研究_6-1"><sup><b>6.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">孫麗莉. 多元文化背景下新疆少数民族语言使用情况调查研究. 華中農業大學學報(社會科學版). 2009, (04): 114–11. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3969%2Fj.issn.1008-3456.2009.04.026"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.3969/j.issn.1008-3456.2009.04.026</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&rft.atitle=%E5%A4%9A%E5%85%83%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E8%83%8C%E6%99%AF%E4%B8%8B%E6%96%B0%E7%96%86%E5%B0%91%E6%95%B0%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E6%83%85%E5%86%B5%E8%B0%83%E6%9F%A5%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6&rft.au=%E5%AD%99%E4%B8%BD%E8%8E%89&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=04&rft.jtitle=%E5%8D%8E%E4%B8%AD%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%AD%A6%E6%8A%A5%28%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E7%89%88%29&rft.pages=114-11&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3969%2Fj.issn.1008-3456.2009.04.026&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-濒危状态-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-濒危状态_7-0"><sup><b>7.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-濒危状态_7-1"><sup><b>7.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-濒危状态_7-2"><sup><b>7.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">吳占柱. 黑龙江省柯尔克孜语处于濒危状态. 黑龍江民族叢刊. 2007, (3). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3969%2Fj.issn.1004-4922.2007.03.037"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-4922.2007.03.037</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&rft.atitle=%E9%BB%91%E9%BE%99%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD%E5%A4%84%E4%BA%8E%E6%BF%92%E5%8D%B1%E7%8A%B6%E6%80%81&rft.au=%E5%90%B4%E5%8D%A0%E6%9F%B1&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=3&rft.jtitle=%E9%BB%91%E9%BE%99%E6%B1%9F%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E4%B8%9B%E5%88%8A&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3969%2Fj.issn.1004-4922.2007.03.037&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-访吴占柱-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-访吴占柱_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">張春海; 曾江. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cssn.cn/djch/djch_djchhg/tujueyuzu/201410/t20141010_1356467.shtml">从黑龙江柯尔克孜语看濒危语言 ——访黑龙江省柯尔克孜族研究会会长吴占柱</a>. 中國社會科學報. 2014-10-10, (654) <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2019-03-10</span>]</span>. （原始內容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170823181330/http://cssn.cn/djch/djch_djchhg/tujueyuzu/201410/t20141010_1356467.shtml">存檔</a>於2017-08-23）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&rft.atitle=%E4%BB%8E%E9%BB%91%E9%BE%99%E6%B1%9F%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD%E7%9C%8B%E6%BF%92%E5%8D%B1%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80+%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E8%AE%BF%E9%BB%91%E9%BE%99%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E6%97%8F%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E4%BC%9A%E4%BC%9A%E9%95%BF%E5%90%B4%E5%8D%A0%E6%9F%B1&rft.au=%E5%BC%A0%E6%98%A5%E6%B5%B7&rft.date=2014-10-10&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=654&rft.jtitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E6%8A%A5&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cssn.cn%2Fdjch%2Fdjch_djchhg%2Ftujueyuzu%2F201410%2Ft20141010_1356467.shtml&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">引文使用過時參數<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">coauthors</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#deprecated_params" title="Help:引文格式1錯誤">幫助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHuImart1987">Hu & Imart 1987</a>，第2–3頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-语言特点1-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-语言特点1_10-0"><sup><b>10.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-语言特点1_10-1"><sup><b>10.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">胡振華. 黑龙江富裕县的柯尔克孜族及其语言特点. 中央民族學院學報. 1983, (2): 65–69.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&rft.atitle=%E9%BB%91%E9%BE%99%E6%B1%9F%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E5%8E%BF%E7%9A%84%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E6%97%8F%E5%8F%8A%E5%85%B6%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%89%B9%E7%82%B9&rft.au=%E8%83%A1%E6%8C%AF%E5%8D%8E&rft.date=1983&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2%E5%AD%A6%E6%8A%A5&rft.pages=65-69&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-蒙语元音比较-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-蒙语元音比较_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E6%A0%BC%E5%90%89%E5%8B%92%E5%9B%BE_(%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6)" title="呼格吉勒圖 (語言學家)">武·呼格吉勒圖</a>. 黑龙江柯尔克孜语与蒙古语元音比较研究. 民族語文. 1998, (1): 49–56. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0257-5779"><span title="國際標準連續出版物號">ISSN 0257-5779</span></a>. <a href="/wiki/CNKI" class="mw-redirect" title="CNKI">CNKI</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CJFD&filename=MZYW801.005">MZYW801.005</a>. <span class="plainlinks"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%AD%A6%E6%9C%AF%E6%9C%9F%E5%88%8A%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93" title="國家哲學社會科學學術期刊數據庫">NSSD</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nssd.cn/html/1/156/159/index.html?lngId=1002236217">1002236217</a></span><span style="position:relative; top:-2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="需註冊賬號查閱"><img alt="需註冊賬號查閱" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&rft.atitle=%E9%BB%91%E9%BE%99%E6%B1%9F%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD%E4%B8%8E%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3%E6%AF%94%E8%BE%83%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6&rft.au=%E6%AD%A6%C2%B7%E5%91%BC%E6%A0%BC%E5%90%89%E5%8B%92%E5%9B%BE&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0257-5779&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E8%AF%AD%E6%96%87&rft.pages=49-56&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-语言特点-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-语言特点_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">胡振華. 黑龙江富裕县的柯尔克孜族及其语言特点. 中央民族學院學報. 1983, (2): 65–69.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&rft.atitle=%E9%BB%91%E9%BE%99%E6%B1%9F%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E5%8E%BF%E7%9A%84%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E6%97%8F%E5%8F%8A%E5%85%B6%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%89%B9%E7%82%B9&rft.au=%E8%83%A1%E6%8C%AF%E5%8D%8E&rft.date=1983&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2%E5%AD%A6%E6%8A%A5&rft.pages=65-69&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="来源"><span id=".E6.9D.A5.E6.BA.90"></span>來源</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&section=7" title="編輯章節：來源"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r80540462">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style><div class="refbegin columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2;"> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFHuImart1987" class="citation">Hu, Zhen-hua; Imart, Guy, Fu-Yü Gïrgïs: A tentative description of the easternmost Turkic language, <a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E5%8D%A2%E6%98%8E%E9%A1%BF_(%E5%8D%B0%E7%AC%AC%E5%AE%89%E7%BA%B3%E5%B7%9E)" title="布盧明頓 (印第安納州)">Bloomington, Indiana</a>: <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E7%AC%AC%E5%AE%89%E7%BA%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="印第安納大學">Indiana University</a> Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies, 1987</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&rft.au=Imart%2C+Guy&rft.aufirst=Zhen-hua&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.btitle=Fu-Y%C3%BC+G%C3%AFrg%C3%AFs%3A+A+tentative+description+of+the+easternmost+Turkic+language&rft.date=1987&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Bloomington%2C+Indiana&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Research+Institute+for+Inner+Asian+Studies&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLiÖlmezKim2007" class="citation">Li, Yongsŏng; Ölmez, Mehmet; Kim, Juwon, Some Newly Identified Words in Fuyu Kirghiz (Part 1), Ural-Altaische Jahrbücher (Neue Folge), 2007, <b>21</b>: 141–169</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AF%8C%E8%A3%95%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD&rft.atitle=Some+Newly+Identified+Words+in+Fuyu+Kirghiz+%28Part+1%29&rft.au=%C3%96lmez%2C+Mehmet&rft.au=Kim%2C+Juwon&rft.aufirst=Yongs%C5%8Fng&rft.aulast=Li&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ural-Altaische+Jahrb%C3%BCcher&rft.pages=141-169&rft.volume=21&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="英語">（英文）</span> Hu Zhen-hua et Guy Imart, <i>Fu-Yü Gïrgïs: A tentative description of the easternmost Turkic language</i>, Papers on Inner Asia <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 8, Bloomington, Reasearch Institute for Inner Asian Studies, Indiana University, 1987.</li> <li><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="英語">（英文）</span> Johanson, Lars, <i>The History of Turkic</i>, dans The Turkic Languages, Lars Johanson, Éva A. Csató (éditeurs), Routledge Language Familiy Descriptions, Londres, Routledge, 1998 (réimpression 2006) <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r61200749">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style><a 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0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="俄語">（俄文）</span> Тенишев, Э.P., <i>Фуюйcкиx Кыpгызoв язык</i>, dans Языки мира, Тюркские языки, pp. 455-459, Moscou, Izdatel'stvo Indrik, 1997 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61200749"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E4%B9%A6%E5%8F%B7" title="國際標準書號">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/5-85759-061-2" title="Special:網絡書源/5-85759-061-2">5-85759-061-2</a>.</li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E8%AF%AD%E6%97%8F" title="Special:編輯頁面/Template:突厥語族"><abbr title="編輯該模板">編</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="突厥语族" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E8%AF%AD%E7%B3%BB" title="突厥語系">突厥語族</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%96%E8%AA%9E" title="祖語">祖語</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%A7%8B%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E8%AF%AD" title="原始突厥語">原始突厥語</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E8%AA%9E" title="共同突厥語">共通突厥語</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">阿爾扈語支</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E5%90%89%E8%AF%AD" title="哈拉吉語">哈拉吉語</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%9B%E9%80%BB%E7%A6%84%E8%AF%AD%E6%94%AF" title="葛邏祿語支">葛邏祿語支</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%90%BE%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD" title="維吾爾語">維吾爾語</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%90%BE%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80" title="維吾爾語方言">中心方言</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%90%BE%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80" title="維吾爾語方言">和田方言</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E5%B8%83%E8%AF%9D" title="羅布話">羅布話</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%AD%9C%E5%88%AB%E5%85%8B%E8%AF%AD" title="烏孜別克語">烏孜別克語</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%B9%E5%88%AB%E5%85%8B%E8%AF%AD" title="南烏茲別克語">南</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%B9%E5%88%AB%E5%85%8B%E8%AF%AD" title="北烏茲別克語">北</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%8A%AA%E8%AF%AD" title="艾努語">艾努語</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E8%AF%AD" title="土爾克語">伊犁土爾克語</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li>已消亡 <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="喀喇汗語" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title="Karakhanid language"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%80%E5%96%87%E6%B1%97%E8%AF%AD" title="喀喇汗語">喀喇汗語</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karakhanid_language" class="extiw" title="en:Karakhanid language"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Karakhanid language</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E5%89%8C%E5%AD%90%E6%A8%A1%E8%AA%9E_(%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E8%AA%9E)" title="花剌子模語 (突厥語)">花剌子模突厥語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%9F%E5%90%88%E5%8F%B0%E8%AA%9E" title="察合台語">察合台語</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A6%E5%AF%9F%E8%AF%AD%E6%94%AF" title="欽察語支">欽察語支</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%AD%90%E5%A4%A7%E8%8D%89%E5%8E%9F" title="東歐大草原">旁狄-裏海</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E7%B1%B3%E4%BA%9E%E9%9F%83%E9%9D%BC%E8%AA%9E" title="克里米亞韃靼語">克里米亞韃靼語</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E6%8B%89%E6%81%B0%E4%BC%8A-%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%94%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD" title="卡拉恰伊-巴爾卡爾語">卡拉恰伊-巴爾卡爾語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%8A%E5%A7%86%E8%AA%9E" title="卡拉伊姆語">卡拉伊姆語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E5%A7%86%E6%9F%A5%E5%85%8B%E8%AF%AD" title="克里姆查克語">克里木察克語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%AB%E6%A2%85%E5%85%8B%E8%AA%9E" title="庫梅克語">庫梅克語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E9%B2%81%E5%A7%86%E8%AF%AD" title="烏魯姆語">烏魯姆語</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li>已消亡 <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="欽察語" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title="Kipchak language"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A6%E5%AF%9F%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="欽察語">欽察語</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kipchak_language" class="extiw" title="en:Kipchak language"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Kipchak language</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E7%BE%8E%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E6%AC%BD%E5%AF%9F%E8%AA%9E" title="亞美尼亞欽察語">亞美尼亞-欽察語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E6%9C%A8%E8%B7%AF%E5%85%8B-%E6%AC%BD%E5%AF%9F%E8%AA%9E" title="馬木路克-欽察語">馬木路克-欽察語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%AB%E6%9B%BC%E8%AA%9E" title="庫曼語">庫曼語</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%B9%E6%B5%B7" title="鹹海">鹹海</a>-<a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%8F%E6%B5%B7" title="裏海">裏海</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E6%8B%89%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%E5%B8%95%E5%85%8B%E8%AF%AD" title="卡拉卡爾帕克語">卡拉卡爾帕克語</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B%E8%AF%AD" title="哈薩克語">哈薩克語</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD" title="柯爾克孜語">柯爾克孜語</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E8%93%8B%E8%AA%9E" title="諾蓋語">諾蓋語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E4%BC%AF%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E9%9E%91%E9%9D%BC%E8%AF%AD" title="西伯利亞韃靼語">西伯利亞韃靼語</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="巴拉巴語" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title="Baraba language"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%89%E5%B7%B4%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴拉巴語（頁面不存在）">巴拉巴語</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baraba_language" class="extiw" title="en:Baraba language"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Baraba language</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E6%B3%B0%E8%AA%9E" title="阿爾泰語">阿爾泰語</a></li> <li>已消亡 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%BB%E7%88%BE%E5%B9%B2%E7%B4%8D-%E6%AC%BD%E5%AF%9F%E8%AA%9E" title="費爾干納-欽察語">費爾干納-欽察語</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%94%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89" title="烏拉爾山脈">烏拉</a>-<a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%8F%E6%B5%B7" title="裏海">裏海</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E4%BB%80%E5%9F%BA%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD" title="巴什基爾語">巴什基爾語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9E%91%E9%9D%BC%E8%AF%AD" title="韃靼語">韃靼語</a></li> <li>已消亡 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E9%9F%83%E9%9D%BC%E8%AA%9E" title="古韃靼語">古韃靼語</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E5%8F%A4%E6%96%AF%E8%AA%9E%E6%94%AF" title="烏古斯語支">烏古斯語支</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A4%AB%E6%B2%99%E7%88%BE%E8%AA%9E" title="阿夫沙爾語">阿夫沙爾語</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%9C%E7%96%86%E8%AF%AD" title="阿塞拜疆語">阿塞拜疆語</a></b> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="薩爾楚克語" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title="Salchuq language"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%96%A9%E7%88%BE%E6%A5%9A%E5%85%8B%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="薩爾楚克語（頁面不存在）">薩爾楚克語</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salchuq_language" class="extiw" title="en:Salchuq language"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Salchuq language</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="恰哈瑪哈勒突厥語" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title="Chaharmahali Turkic"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%81%B0%E5%93%88%E7%91%AA%E5%93%88%E5%8B%92%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="恰哈瑪哈勒突厥語（頁面不存在）">恰哈瑪哈勒突厥語</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaharmahali_Turkic" class="extiw" title="en:Chaharmahali Turkic"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Chaharmahali Turkic</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E5%91%8A%E8%8C%B2%E8%AA%9E" title="加告茲語">加告茲語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E7%BE%85%E7%8F%8A%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E8%AA%9E" title="呼羅珊突厥語">呼羅珊突厥語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E4%BB%80%E5%8A%A0%E8%AA%9E" title="卡什加語">卡什加語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E7%B1%B3%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E8%AA%9E" title="魯米利亞突厥語">魯米利亞突厥語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%92%92%E6%8B%89%E8%AF%AD" title="撒拉語">撒拉語</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E8%AF%AD" title="土耳其語">土耳其語</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%BA%93%E6%9B%BC%E8%AF%AD" title="土庫曼語">土庫曼語</a></b></li> <li>已消亡 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%A9%E5%88%87%E6%B6%85%E6%A0%BC%E8%AA%9E" title="佩切涅格語">佩切涅格語</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="舊安那托利亞土耳其語" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title="Old Anatolian Turkish"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%8A%E5%AE%89%E9%82%A3%E6%89%98%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="舊安那托利亞土耳其語（頁面不存在）">舊安那托利亞土耳其語</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Anatolian_Turkish" class="extiw" title="en:Old Anatolian Turkish"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Old Anatolian Turkish</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿傑姆突厥語" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title="Ajem-Turkic"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%82%91%E5%A7%86%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿傑姆突厥語（頁面不存在）">阿傑姆突厥語</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajem-Turkic" class="extiw" title="en:Ajem-Turkic"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ajem-Turkic</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E8%AF%AD" title="奧斯曼土耳其語">奧斯曼土耳其語</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E4%BC%AF%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E%E6%94%AF" title="西伯利亞語支">西伯利亞語支</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9A%E5%88%A9%E5%A7%86%E8%AA%9E" title="楚利姆語">楚利姆語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%B0%94%E5%B9%B2%E8%AF%AD" title="多爾干語">多爾干語</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">富裕柯爾克孜語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%8D%A1%E6%96%AF%E8%AF%AD" title="哈卡斯語">哈卡斯語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%B5%E7%88%BE%E8%AA%9E" title="邵爾語">邵爾語</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="索尤特語" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title="Soyot-Tsaatan language"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%A2%E5%B0%A4%E7%89%B9%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="索尤特語（頁面不存在）">索尤特語</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soyot-Tsaatan_language" class="extiw" title="en:Soyot-Tsaatan language"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Soyot-Tsaatan language</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E6%B3%95%E8%AA%9E" title="托法語">托法語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BE%E7%93%A6%E8%AF%AD" title="圖瓦語">圖瓦語</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E7%BA%A5%E4%B9%8C%E6%A2%81%E6%B5%B7%E8%AF%AD" title="回紇烏梁海語">圖哈語</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E5%BA%93%E7%89%B9%E8%AF%AD" title="雅庫特語">雅庫特語</a>（薩哈語）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E9%83%A8%E8%A3%95%E5%9B%BA%E8%AF%AD" title="西部裕固語">西部裕固語</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li>已消亡 <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="鄂爾渾突厥语" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title="Orkhon Turkic language"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%82%E5%B0%94%E6%B5%91%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E8%AF%AD" title="鄂爾渾突厥語">鄂爾渾突厥語</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orkhon_Turkic_language" class="extiw" title="en:Orkhon Turkic language"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Orkhon Turkic language</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E8%AA%9E" title="古代突厥語">古代突厥語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E9%B9%98%E8%AF%AD" title="回鶻語">回鶻語</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%8F%A4%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD%E6%94%AF" title="烏古爾語支">烏古爾語支</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9A%E7%93%A6%E4%BB%80%E8%AA%9E" title="楚瓦什語">楚瓦什語</a></li> <li>已消亡 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD" title="保加爾語">保加爾語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E8%96%A9%E8%AA%9E" title="可薩語">可薩語</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup><small>1</small></sup></span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B7%E5%90%88%E8%AF%AD" title="混合語">混合語</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup><small>2</small></sup></span> 分類爭議</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="中国语言" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" title="Template:中國語言"><abbr title="檢視該模板">閱</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" title="Template talk:中國語言"><abbr title="討論該模板">論</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" title="Special:編輯頁面/Template:中國語言"><abbr title="編輯該模板">編</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="中国语言" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80" title="中國語言">中國語言</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E8%97%8F%E8%AF%AD%E7%B3%BB" title="漢藏語系">漢藏語系</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E6%97%8F" title="漢語族">漢白語族</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD" title="漢語">漢語支</a><br /><span class="nowrap">(<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80" title="漢語方言">漢語方言</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E8%AA%9E" title="通用語">通用語</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E5%9B%BD%E9%9F%B3" title="老國音">老國音</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%BE%E4%BB%A3%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E" title="現代標準漢語">現代標準漢語</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%9C%8B%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="新國音">新國音</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E8%AA%9E" title="中華民國國語">國語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E9%80%9A%E8%AF%9D" title="普通話">普通話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E5%9C%8B%E8%AA%9E" title="臺灣國語">臺灣國語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E9%A6%AC%E8%8F%AF%E8%AA%9E" title="新馬華語">新馬華語</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%98%E8%AF%9D" title="官話">官話</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%AE%98%E8%AF%9D" title="北京官話">北京官話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%98%E8%AF%9D" title="東北官話">東北官話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8E%9F%E5%AE%98%E8%AF%9D" title="中原官話">中原官話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%80%E9%B2%81%E5%AE%98%E8%AF%9D" title="冀魯官話">冀魯官話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%B6%E8%BE%BD%E5%AE%98%E8%AF%9D" title="膠遼官話">膠遼官話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B0%E9%93%B6%E5%AE%98%E8%AF%9D" title="蘭銀官話">蘭銀官話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%8D%97%E5%AE%98%E8%AF%9D" title="西南官話">西南官話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E6%B7%AE%E5%AE%98%E8%AF%9D" title="江淮官話">江淮官話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E8%AF%9D" title="天津話">天津話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B2%B7%E6%B1%9F%E8%AF%9D" title="岷江話">岷江話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A3%E6%A6%86%E8%AF%9D" title="贛榆話">贛榆話</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%8B%E8%AF%AD" title="晉語">晉語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E8%AF%AD" title="吳語">吳語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%BD%E8%AF%AD" title="徽語">徽語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%98%E8%AF%AD" title="湘語">湘語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9B%E8%AA%9E" title="贛語">贛語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A2%E5%AE%B6%E8%AF%9D" title="客家話">客家話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%A4%E8%AF%AD" title="粵語">粵語</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%BD%E8%AF%AD" title="閩語">閩語</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%A9%E6%9D%B1%E8%AA%9E" title="閩東語">閩東語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%86%E4%BB%99%E8%AA%9E" title="莆仙語">莆仙語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%BD%E5%8D%97%E8%AF%AD" title="閩南語">閩南語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E8%AF%9D" title="海南話">海南話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%B7%9E%E8%AF%9D" title="雷州話">雷州話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%BD%E5%8C%97%E8%AF%AD" title="閩北語">閩北語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%BD%E4%B8%AD%E8%AF%AD" title="閩中語">閩中語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%B5%E5%B0%86%E8%AF%AD" title="邵將語">邵將語</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E8%AF%9D%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%9F%E8%AF%9D" title="平話和土話">平話和土話</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E8%A5%BF%E5%B9%B3%E8%A9%B1#桂北平话" title="廣西平話">桂北平話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E8%A5%BF%E5%B9%B3%E8%A9%B1#桂南平话" title="廣西平話">桂南平話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%B5%E5%8C%97%E5%9C%9F%E8%A9%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="粵北土話">粵北土話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%98%E5%8D%97%E5%9C%9F%E8%AF%9D" title="湘南土話">湘南土話</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">混合語</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%80%92%E8%AF%9D" 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href="/wiki/%E5%8B%92%E8%8B%8F%E8%AF%AD" title="勒蘇語">勒蘇語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E8%8B%8F%E8%AF%AD" title="山蘇語">山蘇語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%91%9B%E8%8B%8F%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="葛蘇語（頁面不存在）">葛蘇語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8C%E6%B3%BC%E5%9C%9F%E8%AF%AD" title="里潑土語">里潑語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%97%E5%80%AE%E5%80%AE%E6%B3%BC%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="南倮倮潑語（頁面不存在）">南倮倮潑語</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%9D%E8%AF%AD%E8%A5%BF%E9%83%A8%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80" title="彝語西部方言">彝語西部方言</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%9D%E8%AF%AD%E8%A5%BF%E9%83%A8%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80" title="彝語西部方言">臘羅語</a> <ul><li>東山壩臘羅語</li> <li>西山壩臘羅語</li> <li>東臘羅語</li> <li>西臘羅語</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%9D%E8%AF%AD%E8%A5%BF%E9%83%A8%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80" title="彝語西部方言">臘魯語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%A8%E6%9F%B3%E8%AF%9D" title="楊柳話">楊柳話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%9D%E5%96%80%E8%AF%AD" title="額喀語">額喀語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%92%E5%BA%95%E8%AF%AD" title="芒底語">芒底語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E6%8E%8C%E8%AF%9D" title="徐掌話">徐掌話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%B2%81%E8%AF%AD" title="阿魯語">阿魯語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%92%92%E9%A9%AC%E5%A0%B5%E8%AF%AD" title="撒馬堵語">撒馬堵語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%B9%E7%A7%AF%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="改積語（頁面不存在）">改積語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A5%BF%E6%94%B9%E8%8B%8F%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="西改蘇語（頁面不存在）">西改蘇語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A5%BF%E8%91%9B%E6%B3%BC%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="西葛潑語（頁面不存在）">西葛潑語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A5%BF%E6%92%92%E9%A9%AC%E5%A0%B5%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="西撒馬堵語（頁面不存在）">西撒馬堵語</a></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid red; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%9A%E5%AD%90%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="棚子語（頁面不存在）">棚子語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid red; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%92%9C%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蒜語（頁面不存在）">蒜語</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%96%E9%B2%81%E8%AF%AD%E7%BE%A4" title="他魯語群">他魯語群</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%96%E9%B2%81%E8%AF%AD" title="他魯語">他魯語</a>（他留語）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%B3%E5%92%B1%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="納咱語（頁面不存在）">納咱語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E7%83%8F%E8%AA%9E" title="拉烏語">拉烏語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%80%E5%B3%A8%E8%AF%AD" title="崀峨語">崀峨語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E5%8F%A4%E8%AF%AD" title="塔古語">塔古語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E7%94%B0%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="水田語（頁面不存在）">水田語</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%BC%E4%BD%A9%E8%AF%AD" title="潑佩語">潑佩語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E8%8B%A5%E8%AF%AD" title="納若語">納若語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%B3%E5%84%92%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="納儒語（頁面不存在）">納儒語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%AF%E9%87%8C%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="支里語（頁面不存在）">支里語</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%A8%E6%81%A9%E6%96%AF%E8%AF%9D" title="跨恩斯話">跨恩斯話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%A8%E7%8E%9B%E6%96%AF%E8%AF%9D" title="跨瑪斯話">跨瑪斯話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%B1%E5%85%B9%E6%96%AF%E8%AF%9D" title="萊茲斯話">萊茲斯話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%90%E9%80%8B%E6%96%AF%E8%AF%9D" title="子逋斯話">子逋斯話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%81%E5%86%85%E5%98%8E%E8%AF%9D" title="鎖內嘎話">鎖內嘎話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%9B%E6%9F%94%E8%AF%9D" title="俄毛柔話">俄毛柔話</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%97%E9%98%BF%E4%B9%8C%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="北阿烏語（頁面不存在）">北阿烏語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8C%E4%B9%8C%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="里烏語（頁面不存在）">里烏語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="塔爾語（頁面不存在）">塔爾語</a></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid red; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AD%E5%BE%97%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="六得語（頁面不存在）">六得語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid red; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%96%E5%BF%97%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="他志語（頁面不存在）">他志語</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%B0%BC%E8%AF%AD%E6%94%AF" title="哈尼語支">哈尼語支</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>哈尼-阿卡方言 <ul><li>哈尼語群 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%B0%BC%E8%AF%AD" title="哈尼語">哈尼語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%AF%E7%BE%8E%E8%AF%AD" title="糯美語">糯美語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%AF%E6%AF%94%E8%AF%AD" title="糯比語">糯比語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%85%8A%E7%B1%B3%E8%AF%AD" title="臘米語">臘米語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E7%BC%85%E8%AF%AD" title="羅緬語">羅緬語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%82%E7%BD%97%E8%AF%AD" title="昂羅語">昂羅語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%AD%E5%90%88%E8%AF%AD" title="郭合語">郭合語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E4%BD%9C%E8%AF%AD" title="果作語">果作語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%B4%BB%E8%AF%AD" title="格活語">格活語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%95%E8%BD%A6%E8%AF%AD" title="奕車語">奕車語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9F%E5%BC%9F%E8%AF%AD" title="期弟語">期弟語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%88%AB%E8%AF%AD" title="卡別語">卡別語</a></li></ul></li> <li>雅尼語群 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%A1%E8%AF%AD" title="阿卡語">阿卡語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%87%E7%9A%AE%E4%BA%9A%E8%AF%AD" title="切皮亞語">切皮亞語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E5%90%9E%E8%AF%AD" title="木吞語">木吞語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E8%BE%BE%E8%AF%AD" title="木達語">木達語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%9B%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="猛語（頁面不存在）">猛語</a></li></ul></li> <li>豪白語群 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%AA%E5%B0%BC%E8%AF%AD" title="豪尼語">豪尼語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AA%9D%E5%B0%BC%E8%AF%AD" title="窩尼語">窩尼語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E5%AE%8F%E8%AF%AD" title="白宏語">白宏語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E5%AD%94%E8%AF%AD" title="布孔語">布孔語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E9%83%BD%E8%AF%AD" title="布都語">布都語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%AD%E6%AF%94%E8%AF%AD" title="梭比語">梭比語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%B0%BC%E8%AF%AD" title="多尼語">多尼語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%A1%94%E8%AF%AD" title="多塔語">多塔語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%A2%AD%E8%AF%AD" title="阿梭語">阿梭語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%9C%A8%E8%AF%AD" title="阿木語">阿母語</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>碧卡方言 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%A7%E7%BA%A6%E8%AF%AD" title="碧約語">碧約語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%91%A9%E6%B4%9B%E8%AF%AD" title="西摩洛語">峨努語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%A4%9A%E8%AF%AD" title="卡多語">卡多語</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%8B%89%E8%AF%AD%E7%BE%A4" title="西拉語群">西拉語群</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%90%93%E6%A2%AD%E8%AF%AD" title="搓梭語">搓梭語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E9%82%A3%E8%AF%AD" title="帕那語">帕那語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E8%AF%AD" title="阿克語">阿克語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%BE%E5%85%8B%E8%AF%AD" title="勾克語">勾克語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%8B%89%E8%AF%AD" title="西拉語">西拉語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD" title="基爾語">基爾語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E6%9C%AD%E8%AF%AD" title="帕札語">帕札語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E5%A5%87%E8%AF%AD" title="木奇語">木奇語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B2%81%E7%8E%9B%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="魯瑪語（頁面不存在）">魯瑪語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E6%8B%89%E8%AF%AD" title="普拉語">帕拉語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A5%BF%E8%BE%BE%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="西達語（頁面不存在）">西達語</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%95%E8%8B%8F%E8%AF%AD%E7%BE%A4" title="畢蘇語群">畢蘇語群</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%95%E8%8B%8F%E8%AF%AD%E7%BB%84" class="mw-redirect" title="畢蘇語組">畢蘇語組</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%95%E8%8B%8F%E8%AF%AD" title="畢蘇語">畢蘇語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%AE%E5%B8%95%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="淮帕語（頁面不存在）">淮帕語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BE%BE%E8%80%83%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="達考語（頁面不存在）">達考語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%95%E8%8B%8F%E8%AF%AD" title="畢蘇語">老緬語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E5%93%81%E8%AF%AD" title="老品語">老品語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%87%E8%AF%AD_(%E6%AF%95%E8%8B%8F%E8%AF%AD%E7%BE%A4)" title="片語 (畢蘇語群)">片語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E6%BD%98%E8%AF%AD" title="老潘語">老潘語</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%95%E8%8B%8F%E8%AF%AD%E7%BE%A4" title="畢蘇語群">興薩里語組</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E5%86%85%E8%AF%AD" title="普內語">普內語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B4%E8%90%A8%E9%87%8C%E8%AF%AD" title="興薩里語">興薩里語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%96%E5%9D%A6%E8%AF%AD" title="尖坦語">尖坦語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E7%9B%9B%E8%AF%AD" title="老盛語">老盛語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%93%AC%E5%BA%93%E8%AF%AD" title="蓬庫語">蓬庫語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%93%AC%E5%A1%9E%E8%AF%AD" title="蓬塞語">蓬塞語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E5%B0%A7%E8%AF%AD" title="彭堯語">彭堯語</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%95%E8%8B%8F%E8%AF%AD%E7%BE%A4" title="畢蘇語群">貢語組</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%A1%E8%AF%AD_(%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97)" title="貢語 (越南)">貢語</a> <ul><li>金貢語</li> <li>銀貢語</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%91%E5%AD%94%E8%AF%AD" title="桑孔語">桑孔語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9A%E5%AD%94%E8%AF%AD" title="楚孔語">楚孔語</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E9%9C%8D%E8%AF%AD" title="焦霍語">焦霍語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%AD%E5%A1%98%E8%AF%AD" title="班塘語">班塘語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%94%E6%92%92%E8%AF%AD" title="孔撒語">孔撒語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%A4%87%E8%AF%AD" title="哈備語">哈備語</a></li></ul></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid grey; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%86%E6%AF%95%E8%AF%AD" title="姆畢語">姆畢語</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E8%AB%BE%E8%AA%9E" title="基諾語">基諾語</a> <ul><li>攸樂基諾語</li> <li>補遠基諾語</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他彝語支</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid red; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%89%E8%BE%BE%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="三達語（頁面不存在）">三達語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid red; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BE%BE%E5%A4%B4%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="達頭語（頁面不存在）">達頭語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid red; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E6%AC%A1%E5%98%8E%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿次嘎語（頁面不存在）">阿次嘎語</a></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8E%E4%BE%9D%E9%A2%87%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="扎依頗語（頁面不存在）">扎依頗語</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%AD%90%E8%AF%AD%E6%94%AF" title="曼子語支">曼子語支</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%98%8E%E8%8B%8F%E8%AF%9D" title="嘎蘇話">嘎蘇話</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%8F%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="透語（頁面不存在）">透語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%AD%90%E8%AF%AD" title="曼子語">曼子語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%A1%E8%80%86%E8%AF%AD" title="模耆語">模耆語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E6%9C%9F%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫期語（頁面不存在）">莫期語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AB%E6%98%82%E8%AF%AD" title="末昂語">末昂語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%B0%E6%B6%A1%E8%AF%AD_(%E9%BA%BB%E5%B3%A8)" title="估渦語 (麻峨)">估渦語 (麻峨)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%B0%E6%B6%A1%E8%AF%AD_(%E9%BA%BB%E9%98%BF)" title="估渦語 (麻阿)">估渦語 (麻阿)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%99%97%E8%AF%AD" title="孟噗語">孟噗語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E6%A0%87%E5%BD%9D%E8%AF%AD" title="普標彝語">普標彝語</a>（麻榭）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%8F%B5%E4%BF%96%E8%AF%AD" title="䏵俖語">䏵俖語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%9B%E9%83%A8%E8%AF%AD" title="矛部語">矛部語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E6%9C%AC%E8%AF%AD" title="老本語">老本語</a>（莫當）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%AC%E8%AA%9E%E6%94%AF" title="緬語支">緬語支</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%BD%E7%93%A6%E8%AF%AD" title="載瓦語">載瓦語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%98%8C%E8%AF%AD" title="阿昌語">阿昌語</a> <ul><li>隴川話</li> <li>梁河話</li> <li>潞西話</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%AA%E9%80%9F%E8%AF%AD" title="浪速語">浪速語</a> <ul><li>干諾話</li> <li>塔咯話</li> <li>拉欽話</li> <li>浪蘇話</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%AA%E5%AE%8B%E8%AF%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="浪宋話（頁面不存在）">浪宋話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%92%E6%9C%9F%E8%AF%AD" title="勒期語">勒期語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%B6%E5%B1%B1%E8%AF%AD" title="茶山語">茶山語</a>（峨昌）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%8B%89%E8%AF%AD" title="波拉語">波拉語</a></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid red; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%99%E5%B2%9B%E8%AF%AD" title="仙島語">仙島語</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他語群</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="萨尔语群" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD%E7%BE%A4" title="薩爾語群">薩爾語群</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AF%E9%A2%87%E8%AF%AD" title="景頗語">景頗語</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%AC%E8%AF%AD%E6%94%AF" title="儂語支">儂語支</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%AC%E9%BE%99%E8%AF%AD" title="獨龍語">獨龍語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BE%AC%E8%AF%AD" title="阿儂語">阿儂語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%97%BA%E8%AF%AD" title="日旺語">日旺語</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E5%B0%BC%E8%AF%AD%E6%94%AF" title="達尼語支">達尼語支</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%BF%AA%E8%AF%AD" title="阿迪語">阿迪語</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%9A%E5%98%8E%E5%B0%94%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80" title="博嘎爾方言">博嘎爾語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%89%E8%8E%AB%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拉莫語（頁面不存在）">拉莫語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B4%BE%E9%87%8C%E6%B3%A2%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="派里波語（頁面不存在）">派里波語</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%9A%E6%97%A5%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="博日語（頁面不存在）">博日語</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%8C%E8%92%99%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="希蒙語（頁面不存在）">希蒙語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%8F%AF%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卡可語（頁面不存在）">卡可語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9F%AF%E9%BB%98%E5%8D%A1%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="柯默卡語（頁面不存在）">柯默卡語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%82%A6%E5%A4%9A%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="邦多語（頁面不存在）">邦多語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%85%B4%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿興語（頁面不存在）">阿興語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E6%91%A9%E5%BC%BA%E6%B3%A2%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="波摩強波語（頁面不存在）">波摩強波語</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E8%BE%BE%E5%A7%86%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴達姆語（頁面不存在）">巴達姆語</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E6%98%94%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴昔語（頁面不存在）">巴昔語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%91%E8%8D%A3%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="民榮語（頁面不存在）">民榮語</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BE%BE%E6%9C%A8%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="達木語（頁面不存在）">達木語</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BD%98%E5%85%B6%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="潘其語（頁面不存在）">潘其語</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BE%BE%E9%A2%9D%E6%9C%A8%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="達額木語（頁面不存在）">達額木語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B1%B3%E5%8F%A4%E5%B7%B4%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="米古巴語（頁面不存在）">米古巴語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B1%B3%E6%96%B0%E5%B7%B4%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="米新巴語（頁面不存在）">米新巴語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%BC%E5%85%B4%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="尼興語（頁面不存在）">尼興語</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B4%A9%E5%B0%BC%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="崩尼語（頁面不存在）">崩尼語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%85%E8%AF%BA%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雅諾語（頁面不存在）">雅諾語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B1%B3%E9%87%8C%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="米里語（頁面不存在）">米里語</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B1%B3%E6%98%9F%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="米星語（頁面不存在）">米星語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A1%94%E6%A0%B9%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="塔根語（頁面不存在）">塔根語</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%B3%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="納語（頁面不存在）">納語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A7%86%E7%86%B1%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="姆熱語（頁面不存在）">姆熱語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E4%BE%9D%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴依語（頁面不存在）">巴依語</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%B7%B4%E8%BE%BE%E5%B0%BC%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿巴達尼語（頁面不存在）">阿巴達尼語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BF%A6%E9%BE%99%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="迦龍語（頁面不存在）">迦龍語</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%98%8E%E7%BD%97%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="嘎羅語（頁面不存在）">嘎羅語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%BD%E5%B7%B4%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="都巴語（頁面不存在）">都巴語</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%A7%86%E6%8F%90%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卡姆提語（頁面不存在）">卡姆提語</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th 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style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%97%E8%AF%AD%E6%94%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="苗語支">苗語族</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">巴哼語支</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%93%BC%E8%AF%AD" title="巴哼語">巴哼語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%94%E5%A5%88%E8%AF%AD" title="唔奈語">唔奈語</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">東部語支</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%98%E8%A5%BF%E8%8B%97%E8%AF%AD" title="湘西苗語">湘西苗語</a> <ul><li>東</li> <li>西</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">畲語支</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>畲-炯奈語 <ul><li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid red; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%95%B2%E8%AF%AD" title="畲語">畲語</a></span>（活聶語）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%82%AF%E5%A5%88%E8%AF%AD" title="炯奈語">炯奈語</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%98%E8%AF%BA%E8%AF%AD" title="優諾語">優諾語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E9%82%A3%E8%AF%AD" title="巴那語">巴那語</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">中部語支</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%97%E8%AF%AD%E9%BB%94%E4%B8%9C%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80" title="苗語黔東方言">黔東苗語</a> <ul><li>東</li> <li>北</li> <li>西 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%95%E5%AE%B6%E8%AF%AD" title="繞家語">繞家語</a></li></ul></li> <li>南</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">西部語支</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E5%8A%AA%E8%AF%AD" title="布努語">布努語</a> <ul><li>布努語</li> <li>包瑙語</li> <li>努茂語</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%97%E8%AF%AD%E5%B7%9D%E9%BB%94%E6%BB%87%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80" title="苗語川黔滇方言">川黔滇苗語</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%9D%E9%BB%94%E6%BB%87%E8%8B%97%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="川黔滇苗語">川黔滇</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%9D%E9%BB%94%E6%BB%87%E8%8B%97%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="川黔滇苗語">第一土語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%8A%B1%E8%8B%97%E8%AF%9D" title="小花苗話">第二土語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%A7%80%E8%8B%97%E8%AF%AD" title="西秀苗語">第三土語</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%97%E8%AF%AD%E6%BB%87%E4%B8%9C%E5%8C%97%E6%AC%A1%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80" title="苗語滇東北次方言">滇東北</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B5%E9%98%B3%E8%8B%97%E8%AF%AD" title="貴陽苗語">貴陽</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%BB%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%AD" title="麻標語">麻標語</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%A0%E6%B0%B4%E8%8B%97%E8%AF%AD" title="惠水苗語">惠水</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%97%E8%AF%AD%E9%BA%BB%E5%B1%B1%E6%AC%A1%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80" title="苗語麻山次方言">麻山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%97%E8%AF%AD%E7%BD%97%E6%B3%8A%E6%B2%B3%E6%AC%A1%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80" title="苗語羅泊河次方言">羅泊河</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%F0%B1%8E%BC%E5%AE%B6%E8%AF%9D" title="𱎼家話">重安江</a> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:G%C4%9B-chinese.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/G%C4%9B-chinese.svg/14px-G%C4%9B-chinese.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/G%C4%9B-chinese.svg/21px-G%C4%9B-chinese.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/G%C4%9B-chinese.svg/28px-G%C4%9B-chinese.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span>家話</li> <li>東家話</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E5%A1%98%E8%8B%97%E8%AF%AD" title="平塘苗語">平塘</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%B6%E8%AF%AD%E6%94%AF" title="瑤語支">瑤語族</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%BB%E6%95%8F%E8%AF%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="藻敏話">藻敏話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%87%E6%95%8F%E8%AF%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="標敏話">標敏話</a> <ul><li>東山標敏話</li> <li>灌陽標敏話</li> <li>石口標敏話</li> <li>牛尾寨標敏話</li></ul></li> <li><a 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href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%99%BD%E7%9F%B3%E8%8B%97%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="白石苗語（頁面不存在）">白石苗語</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9A%E8%AF%AD%E7%B3%BB" title="南亞語系">南亞語系</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%A4%E5%BE%B7%E6%98%82%E8%AF%AD%E6%94%AF" title="佤德昂語支">佤德昂語支</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>德昂語支 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E6%98%82%E8%AF%AD" title="德昂語">德昂語</a>（巴朗語） <ul><li>普樂語</li> <li>若買語</li> <li>達讓語</li> <li>納盎語</li> <li>布雷語</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%98%82%E8%AF%AD" title="日昂語">日昂語</a> <ul><li>郎日昂語</li> <li>籟日昂語</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E8%84%91%E8%AF%AD" title="達腦語">達腦語</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B7%E8%AF%AD%E6%94%AF" title="戶語支">戶語支</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E8%AF%AD" title="瓦語">瓦語</a> <ul><li>北瓦語</li> <li>南瓦語</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E8%AF%AD" title="烏語">烏語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B7%E8%AF%AD" title="戶語">戶語</a>（昆格）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%98%82%E5%BA%93%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="昂庫語（頁面不存在）">昂庫語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E8%94%91%E8%AF%AD" title="克蔑語">克蔑語</a>（曼咪）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E5%85%8B%E8%AF%AD" title="莫克語">莫克語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E8%AF%AD" title="木阿克語">木阿克語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BE%BE%E8%B4%A1%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="達貢語（頁面不存在）">達貢語</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%A4%E8%AF%AD%E6%94%AF" title="佤語支">佤語支</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%A4%E8%AA%9E" title="佤語">佤語</a> <ul><li>巴饒克</li> <li>阿佤</li> <li>佤</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%89%E7%BB%B4%E7%93%A6%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拉維瓦語（頁面不存在）">拉維瓦語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%A8%81%E8%AF%AD" title="拉威語">拉威語</a> <ul><li>東拉威語</li> <li>西拉威語</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E6%9C%97%E8%AF%AD" title="布朗語">布朗語</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E4%BD%A4%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿爾佤語（頁面不存在）">阿爾佤語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BD%AD%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="彭語（頁面不存在）">彭語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%82%AF%E5%BE%B7%E6%B6%85%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="肯德涅語（頁面不存在）">肯德涅語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A1%91%E9%99%B6%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="桑陶語（頁面不存在）">桑陶語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E7%93%A6%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卡瓦語（頁面不存在）">卡瓦語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%94%E5%9B%BE%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="孔圖語（頁面不存在）">孔圖語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%81%E5%BD%AD%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="旁彭語（頁面不存在）">旁彭語</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E9%9B%B7%E8%AF%AD" title="蒙雷語">蒙雷語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%BD%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="都語（頁面不存在）">都語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E6%80%80%E5%85%8B%E8%AF%AD" title="薩懷克語">薩懷克語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%97%AF%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="嗯語（頁面不存在）">嗯語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%90%A8%E5%A7%86%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="薩姆語（頁面不存在）">薩姆語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A2%82%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="頌語（頁面不存在）">頌語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%85%8A%E4%BD%A4%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="臘佤語（頁面不存在）">臘佤語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="克拉語（頁面不存在）">克拉語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%A5%E8%BF%87%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="補過語（頁面不存在）">補過語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%81%E5%88%80%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="叄刀語（頁面不存在）">叄刀語</a></li></ul></li> <li>拉墨語支 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%A2%A8%E8%AF%AD" title="拉墨語">拉墨語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B2%81%E9%98%BF%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="魯阿語（頁面不存在）">魯阿語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD" title="焦爾語">焦爾語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8E%A7%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="控語（頁面不存在）">控語</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E5%85%B4%E2%80%94%E6%8A%97%E8%AF%AD%E6%94%AF" title="布興—抗語支">布興語支</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E5%85%B4%E8%AF%AD" title="布興語">布興語</a>（佧米）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E8%8A%92%E8%AF%AD" title="布芒語">布芒語</a>（曼丈）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E6%9E%97%E8%AF%AD" title="廣林語">廣林語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E8%AF%AD" title="抗語">抗語</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E6%9C%A8%E8%AF%AD%E6%94%AF" title="克木語支">克木語支</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E6%9C%A8%E8%AF%AD" title="克木語">克木語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%8B%E6%B8%A9%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="克溫語（頁面不存在）">克溫語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%BD%E8%AF%9D" title="寬話">寬話</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%BD%E8%AF%AD%E6%94%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="莽語支">莽語支</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%BD%E8%AF%AD" title="莽語">莽語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E7%90%89%E8%AF%AD" title="巴琉語">倈語</a>（珀琉）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E8%B5%93%E8%AF%AD" title="布賡語">布賡語</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E8%AA%9E%E6%94%AF" title="越語支">越語支</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E4%BA%AC%E8%AA%9E" title="中國京語">京語</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E8%AF%AD" title="越南語">越南語</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%B3%B6%E8%AA%9E%E7%B3%BB" title="南島語系">南島語系</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E5%8D%97%E5%B3%B6%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" class="mw-redirect" title="台灣南島語言">台灣南島語言</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5-%E6%B3%A2%E5%88%A9%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E8%AF%AD%E6%97%8F" title="馬來-波利尼西亞語族">馬來-波利<br />尼西亞語族</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E4%B8%B9%E8%AA%9E%E7%BE%A4" title="巴丹語群">巴丹語群</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%94%E6%82%9F%E8%AA%9E" title="達悟語">達悟語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E4%B8%B9%E8%AA%9E%E7%BE%A4" title="巴丹語群">伊巴雅語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E4%B8%B9%E8%AA%9E%E7%BE%A4" title="巴丹語群">伊巴丹語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E4%B8%B9%E8%AA%9E%E7%BE%A4" title="巴丹語群">巴布延語</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E9%BD%8A-%E5%8D%A0%E8%AA%9E%E7%BE%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="亞齊-占語群">亞齊-占語群</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E8%BC%9D%E8%A9%B1" title="回輝話">回輝話</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">混合語</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B3%87%E5%B3%87%E8%A9%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="峇峇話">峇峇話</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E6%BF%AB%E6%91%BB%E8%A9%B1" title="相濫摻話">相濫摻話</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E8%AF%AD%E7%B3%BB" title="突厥語系">突厥語系</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E4%BC%AF%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E%E6%94%AF" title="西伯利亞語支">西伯利亞語支</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E9%83%A8%E8%A3%95%E5%9B%BA%E8%AF%AD" title="西部裕固語">西部裕固語</a>（堯呼爾語）</li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid pink; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E5%BA%93%E7%89%B9%E8%AF%AD" title="雅庫特語">雅庫特語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid pink; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%8D%A1%E6%96%AF%E8%AF%AD" title="哈卡斯語">哈卡斯語</a></span> <ul><li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid pink; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">富裕柯爾克孜語</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid pink; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9A%E5%88%A9%E5%A7%86%E8%AA%9E" title="楚利姆語">楚利姆語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid pink; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%B0%94%E5%B9%B2%E8%AF%AD" title="多爾干語">多爾干語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid pink; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%B5%E7%88%BE%E8%AA%9E" title="邵爾語">邵爾語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid block; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a 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href="/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E7%A1%95%E7%89%B9" title="和碩特">和碩特衛拉特語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E5%96%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9%E8%AF%AD" title="阿拉善衛拉特語">阿拉善衛拉特語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%B0%94%E6%89%88%E7%89%B9%E5%8D%AB%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9%E8%AF%AD" title="土爾扈特衛拉特語">土爾扈特衛拉特語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E7%89%99%E6%83%95" title="巴牙惕">巴雅特衛拉特語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E5%B0%94%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%E9%83%A8_(%E7%BB%B0%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E6%B0%8F)" title="杜爾伯特部 (綽羅斯氏)">杜爾伯特衛拉特語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%8D%E9%AD%AF%E7%89%B9%E9%83%A8" class="mw-disambig" title="額魯特部">厄魯特衛拉特語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E6%B3%B0%E6%B7%96%E7%88%BE%E7%83%8F%E6%A2%81%E6%B5%B7" title="阿爾泰淖爾烏梁海">阿爾泰烏梁海衛拉特語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8E%E5%93%88%E6%B2%81%E9%83%A8" title="扎哈沁部">扎哈沁衛拉特語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E9%98%BF%E7%89%B9%E9%83%A8" title="明阿特部">明阿特衛拉特語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E5%B1%AF%E4%BA%BA" title="霍屯人">霍屯衛拉特語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%88%BE%E6%A2%85%E5%85%8B%E8%A1%9B%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9%E8%AA%9E" title="卡爾梅克衛拉特語">卡爾梅克語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E5%BF%92%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="托忒文">書面衛拉特語</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9E%E7%89%B9%E8%AA%9E" title="布里亞特語">布里亞特語</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E7%88%BE%E8%99%8E" title="巴爾虎">巴爾虎布里亞特語</a></li> <li>霍里－阿嘎布里亞特語</li> <li>下烏達布里亞特語</li> <li>阿拉爾-通卡布里亞特語</li> <li>烏斯季-布拉加特布里亞特語</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%BC%E5%B9%B2%E8%AF%AD" title="哈米尼干語">哈米尼干語</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">西喇古兒語支</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E9%83%A8%E8%A3%95%E5%9B%BA%E8%AF%AD" title="東部裕固語">東部裕固語</a>（恩格爾語）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%97%8F%E8%AF%AD" title="土族語">土族語</a> <ul><li>互助土族語</li> <li>民和土族語</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E4%B9%A1%E8%AF%AD" title="東鄉語">東鄉語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E5%AE%B6%E8%AF%AD" title="康家語">康家語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%AE%89%E8%AF%AD" title="保安語">保安語</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">達斡爾語支</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E6%96%A1%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD" title="達斡爾語">達斡爾語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BE%E5%85%B0%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="圖蘭語（頁面不存在）">圖蘭語</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">古蒙古語</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%AA%9E" title="古代蒙古語">原始蒙古語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8F%A4%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%AA%9E" title="中古蒙古語">中古蒙古語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%B8%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%AF%AD" title="古典蒙古語">古典蒙古語</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%81%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%AF%AD%E6%97%8F" title="旁蒙古語族">旁蒙古語族</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%9C%E5%8D%91%E8%AF%AD" title="鮮卑語">東胡語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%9C%E5%8D%91%E8%AF%AD" title="鮮卑語">烏桓語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%9C%E5%8D%91%E8%AF%AD" title="鮮卑語">鮮卑語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9E%E4%BC%8F%E9%83%A8" title="乞伏部">乞伏語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%B5%E9%83%A8%E9%AE%AE%E5%8D%91" title="段部鮮卑">段部鮮卑語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%93%E8%B7%8B%E8%AF%AD" title="拓跋語">拓跋語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%85%95%E5%AE%B9%E9%83%A8" title="慕容部">慕容鮮卑語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%90%E8%B0%B7%E6%B5%91%E8%AF%AD" title="吐谷渾語">吐谷渾語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%94%E7%84%B6%E8%AA%9E" title="柔然語">柔然語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E6%96%87%E9%83%A8" title="宇文部">宇文鮮卑語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%91%E4%B8%B9%E8%AA%9E" title="契丹語">契丹語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%9C%E5%8D%91%E8%AF%AD" title="鮮卑語">庫莫奚語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%9C%E5%8D%91%E8%AF%AD" title="鮮卑語">室韋語</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">混合語</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%93%E5%85%8B%E8%92%99%E6%9F%A5%E5%85%8B%E8%AF%AD" title="廓克蒙查克語">廓克蒙查克語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E8%8C%82%E8%AF%AD" title="托茂語">托茂語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E5%B1%AF%E8%A9%B1" title="五屯話">五屯話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E6%B1%AA%E8%AF%9D" title="唐汪話">唐汪話</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%A1-%E9%80%9A%E5%8F%A4%E6%96%AF%E8%AF%AD%E7%B3%BB" title="滿-通古斯語系">滿-通古斯語系</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">北通古斯語群</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%82%E6%B8%A9%E5%85%8B%E8%AF%AD" title="鄂溫克語">鄂溫克語</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E6%96%87%E5%9F%BA%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="埃文基語">埃文基語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E4%BC%A6%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="索倫語">索倫語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%BC%E5%B9%B2%E9%84%82%E6%B8%A9%E5%85%8B%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈米尼干鄂溫克語（頁面不存在）">哈米尼干鄂溫克語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%85%E5%BA%AB%E7%89%B9%E9%84%82%E6%BA%AB%E5%85%8B%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雅庫特鄂溫克語（頁面不存在）">雅庫特鄂溫克語</a></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid pink; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BF%81%E9%98%94%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="翁闊語">翁闊語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid pink; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%9F%E5%98%8E%E5%9D%A6%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="察嘎坦語（頁面不存在）">察嘎坦語</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%82%E4%BC%A6%E6%98%A5%E8%AF%AD" title="鄂倫春語">鄂倫春語</a></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid pink; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%82%E6%BA%AB%E8%AA%9E" title="鄂溫語">鄂溫語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid pink; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%87%E5%8A%9B%E8%AA%9E" title="奇力語">奇力語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid pink; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%87%E5%8B%92%E6%81%A9%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="奇勒恩語">奇勒恩語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid pink; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%92%92%E9%A9%AC%E5%90%89%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="撒馬吉爾語（頁面不存在）">撒馬吉爾語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid pink; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%85%E5%90%89%E9%81%94%E7%88%BE%E8%AA%9E" title="涅吉達爾語">涅吉達爾語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid pink; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E7%BD%97%E5%A5%87%E8%AF%AD" title="奧羅奇語">奧羅奇語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid pink; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E5%BE%B7%E8%93%8B%E8%AA%9E" title="烏德蓋語">烏德蓋語</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">南通古斯語群</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid pink; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E5%93%B2%E8%AF%AD" title="赫哲語">赫哲語</a></span> <ul><li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid pink; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A3%E4%B9%83%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="那乃語">那乃語</a></span></li> <li>庫爾-烏爾</li> <li>烏蘇里</li> <li>陶日根</li> <li>松花江</li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid pink; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%BC%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿卡尼語（頁面不存在）">阿卡尼語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid pink; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="比拉爾語">比拉爾語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid pink; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%88%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="戈爾德語">戈爾德語</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid pink; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E5%A5%87%E8%AA%9E" title="烏爾奇語">烏爾奇語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid pink; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%82%E7%BD%97%E5%85%8B%E8%AF%AD" title="鄂羅克語">鄂羅克語</a></span> <ul><li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid pink; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%8C%E4%BE%9D%E5%8B%92%E5%A1%94%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="烏依勒塔語（頁面不存在）">烏依勒塔語</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">西南通古斯語群</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%A1%E8%AF%AD" title="滿語">滿語</a> <ul><li>黑河（璦琿）</li> <li>三家子</li> <li>依布氣</li> <li>拉林</li> <li>寧古塔</li> <li>阿城</li> <li>奉天</li> <li>北京</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%A1%E6%96%87" title="滿文">滿語書面語</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1%E4%BC%AF%E8%AF%AD" title="錫伯語">錫伯語</a></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E8%A5%BF%E5%A5%B3%E7%9C%9F" title="海西女真">扈倫語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%89%E8%AA%9E" title="巴拉語">巴拉語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8B%92%E6%A5%9A%E5%96%80%E8%AF%AD" title="阿勒楚喀語">阿勒楚喀語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%81%B0%E5%96%80%E6%8B%89%E8%AF%AD" title="恰喀拉語">恰喀拉語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%B5%B7%E5%A5%B3%E7%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="東海女真">庫爾喀語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%B5%B7%E5%A5%B3%E7%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="東海女真">瓦爾喀語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E7%9C%9F%E8%AA%9E" title="女真語">女真語</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">古通古斯語</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%83%E6%85%8E" title="肅慎">肅慎語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%B9%E5%A8%84" title="挹婁">挹婁語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%BA%E9%9E%A8" title="靺鞨">靺鞨語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%BA%E9%9E%A8" title="靺鞨">勿吉語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%A4%E6%B5%B7%E8%AA%9E" title="渤海語">渤海語</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%B6%E9%A4%98%E8%AA%9E%E7%B3%BB" title="扶餘語系">扶餘語系</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%8F%A5%E9%BA%97%E8%AA%9E" title="高句麗語">高句麗語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%8A%E8%B2%8A%E8%AA%9E" title="濊貊語">濊貊語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%B6%E4%BD%99%E8%AF%AD" title="扶餘語">扶餘語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%83%E6%B2%AE" title="沃沮">沃沮語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%BF%8A" title="東濊">東濊語</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E7%90%89%E8%AA%9E%E7%B3%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="日琉語系">日琉語系</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%92%E6%BA%AA%E8%AA%9E" title="寒溪語">寒溪語</a></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="日語">日語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E6%97%A5%E8%AA%9E" title="台灣日語">台灣日語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%89%E7%90%83%E8%AA%9E" title="琉球語">琉球語</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E8%AF%AD%E7%B3%BB" title="朝鮮語系">朝鮮語系</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E8%AA%9E" title="朝鮮語">朝鮮語</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E8%AA%9E" title="中國朝鮮語">中國朝鮮語</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E9%9D%9E%E8%AF%AD%E7%B3%BB" title="亞非語系">亞非語系</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E4%BC%AF%E6%9D%A5%E8%AF%AD" title="希伯來語">希伯來語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%98%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E" title="敘利亞語">敘利亞語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E5%A7%86%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="阿拉姆語">阿拉姆語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%AF%AD" title="阿拉伯語">阿拉伯語</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E6%AC%A7%E8%AF%AD%E7%B3%BB" title="印歐語系">印歐語系</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6-%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E8%AF%AD%E6%97%8F" title="印度-伊朗語族">印度-伊朗語族</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E5%8B%92%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD" title="色勒庫爾語">色勒庫爾語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E7%BD%95%E8%AF%AD" title="瓦罕語">瓦罕語</a></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="西徐亞語" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title="Scythian languages"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A5%BF%E5%BE%90%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="西徐亞語（頁面不存在）">西徐亞語</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scythian_languages" class="extiw" title="en:Scythian languages"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Scythian languages</span></a></span>）</span></span></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E8%AA%9E" title="塞語">塞語</a></span> <ul><li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E8%AA%9E" title="塞語">于闐語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E8%AA%9E" title="塞語">扜彌語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E8%AA%9E" title="塞語">圖木舒克語</a>（據史德語）</span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E8%AA%9E" title="塞語">坎傑克語</a>（康居語）</span></li></ul></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%9F%E7%89%B9%E8%AF%AD" title="粟特語">粟特語</a></span> <ul><li>老粟特語</li> <li>新粟特語 <ul><li>景教粟特語</li> <li>摩尼教粟特語</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8F%A4%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E8%AF%AD" title="中古波斯語">缽羅婆語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%81%AF%E8%AF%AD" title="安息語">安息語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%A4%8F%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="大夏語">大夏語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E5%A1%9E%E5%85%8B-%E8%B4%B5%E9%9C%9C%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊塞克-貴霜語（頁面不存在）">伊塞克-貴霜語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%BB%B4%E6%96%AF%E9%99%80%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="阿維斯陀語">阿維斯陀語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E5%89%8C%E5%AD%90%E6%A8%A1%E8%AF%AD" title="花剌子模語">花剌子模語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA-%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E8%AA%9E" title="猶太-波斯語">猶太-波斯語</a></span> <ul><li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA-%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E8%AA%9E" title="猶太-波斯語">藍帽回回語</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="新波斯語">新波斯語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E8%AF%AD" title="波斯語">波斯語</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%94%E5%88%A9%E8%AA%9E" title="達利語">達利語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E8%AA%9E" title="伊朗波斯語">伊朗波斯語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E5%90%89%E5%85%8B%E8%AF%AD" title="塔吉克語">塔吉克語</a></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E5%9B%9E%E8%AF%AD" title="回回語">回回語</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E4%BB%80%E5%9B%BE%E8%AF%AD" title="普什圖語">普什圖語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%BE%E8%B7%AF%E6%94%AF%E8%AF%AD" title="俾路支語">俾路支語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E6%B3%8A%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD" title="尼泊爾語">尼泊爾語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BE%BE%E6%9B%BC%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="達曼語（頁面不存在）">達曼語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E7%93%A6%E8%AA%9E" title="科瓦語">科瓦語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E4%BB%80%E7%B1%B3%E7%88%BE%E8%AA%9E" title="克什米爾語">克什米爾語</a></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%B5%E8%AF%AD" title="梵語">梵語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E6%B7%B7%E5%90%88%E6%A2%B5%E6%96%87" title="佛教混合梵文">佛教混合梵語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%A5%E9%A9%AE%E9%80%BB%E8%AF%AD" title="健馱邏語">健馱邏語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%88%A9%E8%AF%AD" title="巴利語">巴利語</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB%E8%AF%AD%E6%97%8F" title="斯拉夫語族">斯拉夫語族</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E8%AF%AD" title="俄語">俄羅斯語</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E5%AF%A7%E4%BF%84%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊寧俄語（頁面不存在）">伊寧俄語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BB%A1%E6%B4%B2%E9%87%8C%E4%BF%84%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="滿洲里俄語（頁面不存在）">滿洲里俄語</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="俄語在中國" data-lang-code="ru" data-lang-name="俄语" data-foreign-title="Русский язык в Китае"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%84%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%A8%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="俄語在中國（頁面不存在）">外語俄語</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">俄語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B5" class="extiw" title="ru:Русский язык в Китае"><span lang="ru" dir="auto">Русский язык в Китае</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0%E8%AF%AD" title="烏克蘭語">烏克蘭語</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%90%E7%81%AB%E7%BD%97%E8%AF%AD" title="吐火羅語">吐火羅語族</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%90%E7%81%AB%E7%BD%97%E8%AF%AD" title="吐火羅語">吐火羅語</a></span> <ul><li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%9F%E5%85%B9%E8%AF%AD" title="龜茲語">龜茲語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%89%E8%80%86%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="焉耆語（頁面不存在）">焉耆語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B7%8B%E7%A6%84%E8%BF%A6%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="跋祿迦語（頁面不存在）">跋祿迦語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A5%BC%E5%85%B0%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="樓蘭語（頁面不存在）">樓蘭語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E6%B0%8F%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="月氏語（頁面不存在）">月氏語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BD%A6%E5%B8%88%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="車師語（頁面不存在）">車師語</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E8%80%B3%E6%9B%BC%E8%AA%9E%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="日耳曼語族">日耳曼語族</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD#香港" title="英語">英語</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%BC%8F%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD" title="中式英語">中式英語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%AF%E5%BC%8F%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E" title="港式英語">港式英語</a></li></ul></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E5%85%B0%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="荷蘭語">荷蘭語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD" title="德語">德語</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E8%AF%AD%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="拉丁語族">拉丁語族</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="葡萄牙語">葡萄牙語</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%BC%8F%E8%91%A1%E6%96%87" title="澳式葡文">澳式葡文</a></li></ul></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E8%AF%AD" title="拉丁語">拉丁語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E8%AF%AD" title="西班牙語">西班牙語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%AF%AD" title="法語">法語</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">混合語</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid red; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80%E5%9C%9F%E7%94%9F%E8%91%A1%E8%AA%9E" title="澳門土生葡語">澳門土生葡語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BE%B3%E9%97%A8%E8%91%A1%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="澳門葡語（頁面不存在）">澳門葡語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%BF%E5%B7%9E%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="廣州英語（頁面不存在）">廣州英語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%8B%E6%B3%BE%E6%B5%9C%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD" title="洋涇浜英語">上海洋涇浜英語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid red; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%BF%84%E6%B7%B7%E5%90%88%E8%AA%9E" title="中俄混合語">恰克圖語</a></span> <ul><li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E5%B0%94%E6%BB%A8%E6%B4%8B%E6%B3%BE%E6%B5%9C%E4%BF%84%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈爾濱洋涇浜俄語（頁面不存在）">哈爾濱洋涇浜俄語</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%B6%E5%B7%9E%E6%B9%BE%E6%B4%8B%E6%B3%BE%E6%B5%9C%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD" title="膠州灣洋涇浜德語">膠州灣洋涇浜德語</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">語系不明</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%A4%B7%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="東夷語">東夷語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E5%A5%B4%E8%AF%AD" title="匈奴語">匈奴語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%AF#語言" title="羯">羯語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E4%BA%BA%E8%AF%AD" title="匈人語">匈人語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%81%E9%9B%B6" title="丁零">丁零語</a></span></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%95%E5%8B%92" title="敕勒">敕勒語</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%85%E5%8A%A9%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80" class="mw-redirect" title="輔助語言">輔助語言</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E8%AA%9E" title="手語">手語</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E8%AA%9E" title="手語">手語</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%89%8B%E8%AA%9E" title="中國手語">中國手語</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8C%97%E6%96%B9%E6%89%8B%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中國北方手語（頁面不存在）">北方手語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E6%89%8B%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中國南方手語（頁面不存在）">南方手語</a></li></ul></li> <li><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid red; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E6%89%8B%E8%AA%9E" title="香港手語">香港手語</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E6%89%8B%E8%AA%9E" title="台灣手語">台灣手語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E8%AF%AD%E6%89%8B%E8%AF%AD" title="藏語手語">藏語手語</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E8%AA%9E%E6%8B%BC%E5%AF%AB%E6%B3%95" title="手語拼寫法">手語字母</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E6%89%8B%E6%8C%87%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="漢語手指字母（頁面不存在）">漢語手指字母</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%B4%E5%90%BE%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD%E6%89%8B%E6%8C%87%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="維吾爾語手指語（頁面不存在）">維吾爾語手指語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E8%AF%AD%E6%89%8B%E6%8C%87%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="朝鮮語手指語（頁面不存在）">朝鮮語手指語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%97%8F%E6%96%87%E6%89%8B%E6%8C%87%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="藏文手指字母（頁面不存在）">藏文手指字母</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E8%AF%AD#外语教学与能力" title="外語">外語教學</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E9%80%9A%E9%AB%98%E7%AD%89%E5%AD%A6%E6%A0%A1%E6%8B%9B%E7%94%9F%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E8%80%83%E8%AF%95#外语" title="普通高等學校招生全國統一考試">作爲中國大陸高考科目的外語</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2#中国大陆的英語教育" title="語言教育">英語</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="俄語在中國" data-lang-code="ru" data-lang-name="俄语" data-foreign-title="Русский язык в Китае"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%84%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%A8%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="俄語在中國（頁面不存在）">俄語</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">俄語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B5" class="extiw" title="ru:Русский язык в Китае"><span lang="ru" dir="auto">Русский язык в Китае</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="日語">日語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD" title="德語">德語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%AF%AD" title="法語">法語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E8%AF%AD" title="西班牙語">西班牙語</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E4%BD%9C%E4%B8%BA%E5%A4%96%E8%AF%AD%E6%95%99%E5%AD%A6" title="漢語作為外語教學">對外華語文教育</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="nowrap">註：<span style="display:inline; border:1px solid black; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%95%E8%B7%A1%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" title="絕跡語言">絕跡語言</a></span>（<span style="display:inline; border:1px solid grey; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;">中國境內絕跡語言</span>） ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid red; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;">極危語言</span>（<span style="display:inline; border:1px solid pink; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;">中國境內極危語言</span>） ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid blue; min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;">可能存在於中國境內的語言</span></span><br /><span class="nowrap">參見：<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F" title="Template:中華民族">中國境內的民族和族群一覽（按語言系屬分類）</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a 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