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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dips"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Dips</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dips-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Soups_and_stews" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Soups_and_stews"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Soups and stews</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Soups_and_stews-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dumplings_and_meatballs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dumplings_and_meatballs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Dumplings and meatballs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dumplings_and_meatballs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Processed_meat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Processed_meat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Processed meat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Processed_meat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rice_dishes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rice_dishes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Rice dishes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rice_dishes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sandwiches_and_wraps" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sandwiches_and_wraps"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>Sandwiches and wraps</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sandwiches_and_wraps-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dairy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dairy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>Dairy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dairy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Breads_and_pastries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Breads_and_pastries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.9</span> <span>Breads and pastries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Breads_and_pastries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Condiments,_sauces_and_spices" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Condiments,_sauces_and_spices"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.10</span> <span>Condiments, sauces and spices</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Condiments,_sauces_and_spices-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sweets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sweets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.11</span> <span>Sweets</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sweets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Beverages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beverages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Beverages</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Beverages-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Beverages subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Beverages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Alcoholic_beverages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alcoholic_beverages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Alcoholic beverages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alcoholic_beverages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Non-alcoholic_beverages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-alcoholic_beverages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Non-alcoholic beverages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-alcoholic_beverages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Related_cuisines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Related_cuisines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Related cuisines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Related_cuisines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul 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Available in 23 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-23" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">23 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%A8%D8%AE_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%8A" title="مطبخ عراقي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مطبخ عراقي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0raq_m%C9%99tb%C9%99xi" title="İraq mətbəxi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İraq mətbəxi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%88%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%80" title="ইরাকি রন্ধনশৈলী – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইরাকি রন্ধনশৈলী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ir%C3%A1ck%C3%A1_kuchyn%C4%9B" title="Irácká kuchyně – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Irácká kuchyně" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irakische_K%C3%BCche" title="Irakische Küche – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Irakische Küche" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastronom%C3%ADa_de_Irak" title="Gastronomía de Irak – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gastronomía de Irak" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraka_kuirarto" title="Iraka kuirarto – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Iraka kuirarto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B4%D9%BE%D8%B2%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C" title="آشپزی عراقی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آشپزی عراقی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuisine_irakienne" title="Cuisine irakienne – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cuisine irakienne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%9D%BC%ED%81%AC_%EC%9A%94%EB%A6%AC" title="이라크 요리 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이라크 요리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidangan_Irak" title="Hidangan Irak – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hidangan Irak" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cucina_irachena" title="Cucina irachena – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cucina irachena" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%91%D7%97_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%99" title="המטבח העיראקי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המטבח העיראקי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olahan_Irak" title="Olahan Irak – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Olahan Irak" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A7%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%96%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D" title="ერაყული სამზარეულო – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ერაყული სამზარეულო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A9%E3%82%AF%E6%96%99%E7%90%86" title="イラク料理 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イラク料理" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C_%D9%BE%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="عراقی پکوان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="عراقی پکوان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cozinha_iraquiana" title="Cozinha iraquiana – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cozinha iraquiana" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Иракская кухня – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Иракская кухня" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irakilainen_keitti%C3%B6" title="Irakilainen keittiö – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Irakilainen keittiö" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irak_mutfa%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Irak mutfağı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Irak mutfağı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Іракська кухня – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Іракська кухня" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C_%D9%BE%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="عراقی پکوان – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عراقی پکوان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Iraq" title="Category:Iraq">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa"><span class="wraplinks"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Iraq" title="Culture of Iraq">Culture of Iraq</a></span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image photo"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Babylon_relief.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Babylon_relief.jpg/150px-Babylon_relief.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Babylon_relief.jpg/225px-Babylon_relief.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/Babylon_relief.jpg 2x" data-file-width="251" data-file-height="345" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/History_of_Iraq" title="History of Iraq">History</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic groups in Iraq">People</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Iraq" title="Languages of Iraq">Languages</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cuisine</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Iraq" title="Religion in Iraq">Religion</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/Art_of_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="Art of Iraq">Art</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Iraq">Literature</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/Music_of_Iraq" title="Music of Iraq">Music</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="Media in Iraq">Media</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radio_in_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio in Iraq">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Iraq" title="Television in Iraq">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Iraq" title="Cinema of Iraq">Cinema</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Iraq" title="Sport in Iraq">Sport</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Monuments</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Iraq" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Iraq">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Symbols</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Iraq" title="Flag of Iraq">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Iraq" title="Coat of arms of Iraq">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_anthem_of_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="National anthem of Iraq">National anthem</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/16px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/24px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/32px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Iraq" title="Portal:Iraq">Iraq portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Culture_of_Iraq" title="Template:Culture of Iraq"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Culture_of_Iraq" title="Template talk:Culture of Iraq"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Culture_of_Iraq" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Culture of Iraq"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Iraqi cuisine</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Middle_Eastern_cuisine" title="Middle Eastern cuisine">Middle Eastern cuisine</a> that has its origins in the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Near_East" title="Ancient Near East">ancient Near East</a> culture of the <a href="/wiki/Fertile_crescent" class="mw-redirect" title="Fertile crescent">fertile crescent</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Salloum_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Salloum-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Clay_tablet" title="Clay tablet">Tablets</a> found in ancient ruins in Iraq show recipes prepared in the temples during religious festivals—the first <a href="/wiki/Cookbook" title="Cookbook">cookbooks</a> in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-Salloum_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Salloum-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Iraq">Ancient Iraq</a>'s cultural sophistication extended to the <a href="/wiki/Culinary_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Culinary art">culinary arts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Salloum_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Salloum-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Iraqi kitchen reached its zenith in the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Golden_Age" title="Islamic Golden Age">Islamic Golden Age</a> when <a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a> was the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphate" title="Abbasid Caliphate">Abbasid Caliphate</a> (750–1258 AD). </p><p>In Northern Iraq <a href="/wiki/Pomegranate" title="Pomegranate">pomegranate</a> is added to <a href="/wiki/Dolma" title="Dolma">dolma</a>. In Southern Iraq, fish is a staple. The center of the country is known for its rice dishes and sweets. </p><p>In terms of agriculture, Iraq harks back to ancient <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-worldfood.guide_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-worldfood.guide-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OCF_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OCF-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> growing <a href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">Wheat</a> and crops requiring winter chill such as <a href="/wiki/Apple#Popular_uses" title="Apple">apples</a> and <a href="/wiki/Drupe#Examples" title="Drupe">stone fruits</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-OCF_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OCF-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Lower_Mesopotamia" title="Lower Mesopotamia">Lower Mesopotamia</a> grows <a href="/wiki/Rice#Food" title="Rice">rice</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barley#Food" title="Barley">barley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Citrus#Culinary" title="Citrus">citrus fruits</a>, and is responsible for Iraq's position as one of the world's largest producer of <a href="/wiki/Date_palm#Fruits" title="Date palm">dates</a>. </p><p>Pork consumption is forbidden to Muslims in Iraq, in accordance with <a href="/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia">Sharia</a>, the Islamic law. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DriedfruitS.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/DriedfruitS.jpg/187px-DriedfruitS.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/DriedfruitS.jpg/281px-DriedfruitS.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/DriedfruitS.jpg/374px-DriedfruitS.jpg 2x" data-file-width="667" data-file-height="634" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_dactylifera#Dates" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoenix dactylifera">Dates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apricot" title="Apricot">apricots</a>, <a href="/wiki/Common_fig" class="mw-redirect" title="Common fig">figs</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Prune" title="Prune">prunes</a> are processed to make <a href="/wiki/Dried_fruits" class="mw-redirect" title="Dried fruits">dried fruits</a></figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iraqi_cuisine&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Mesopotamia" title="History of Mesopotamia">History of Mesopotamia</a> and <a href="/wiki/History_of_Iraq" title="History of Iraq">History of Iraq</a></div> <p>Archaeologists have found evidence from excavations at <a href="/wiki/Jarmo" title="Jarmo">Jarmo</a>, in northeastern <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>, that <a href="/wiki/Pistachio#Consumption" title="Pistachio">pistachio nuts</a> were a common food as early as 6750 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-IR_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IR-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among the ancient texts discovered in <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Sumerian_language" title="Sumerian language">Sumerian</a>-<a href="/wiki/Akkadian_language" title="Akkadian language">Akkadian</a> <a href="/wiki/Bilingual_dictionary" title="Bilingual dictionary">bilingual dictionary</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-SAW_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SAW-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> recorded in <a href="/wiki/Cuneiform" title="Cuneiform">cuneiform script</a> on 24 stone tablets about 1900 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-SAW_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SAW-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It lists terms in the two ancient Iraqi languages for over 800 different items of food and drink.<sup id="cite_ref-SAW_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SAW-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Included are 20 different kinds of <a href="/wiki/Cheese" title="Cheese">cheese</a>, over 100 varieties of <a href="/wiki/Soup" title="Soup">soup</a> and 300 types of <a href="/wiki/Bread" title="Bread">bread</a>, each with different ingredients, filling, shape or size.<sup id="cite_ref-SAW_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SAW-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The world's oldest recipes are found in <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a> of modern-day ancient Iraq, written in cuneiform tablets.<sup id="cite_ref-Winchester_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Winchester-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of three excavated <a href="/wiki/Cuneiform" title="Cuneiform">cuneiform</a> <a href="/wiki/Clay_tablet" title="Clay tablet">clay tablets</a> written in 1700 BC in <a href="/wiki/Babylon" title="Babylon">Babylon</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-ABC_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABC-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Winchester_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Winchester-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 50 miles south of present-day <a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a>, contains 24 recipes for stew cooked with meat and vegetables,<sup id="cite_ref-ABC_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABC-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> enhanced and seasoned with <a href="/wiki/Leek" title="Leek">leeks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Onion" title="Onion">onion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garlic" title="Garlic">garlic</a>, and spices and herbs like <a href="/wiki/Cinnamomum_aromaticum" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinnamomum aromaticum">cassia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cumin" title="Cumin">cumin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coriander" title="Coriander">coriander</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mentha" title="Mentha">mint</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dill" title="Dill">dill</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ABC_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABC-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stew has remained a mainstay in the cuisine.<sup id="cite_ref-ABC_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABC-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Extant <a href="/wiki/Kitab_al-Tabikh_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Kitab al-Tabikh (disambiguation)">medieval Iraqi recipes</a> and modern Iraqi cuisine attest to this.<sup id="cite_ref-ABC_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABC-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ingredients">Ingredients</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iraqi_cuisine&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ingredients"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kleicha_(%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AC%D8%A9).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Kleicha_%28%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AC%D8%A9%29.jpg/262px-Kleicha_%28%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AC%D8%A9%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="262" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Kleicha_%28%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AC%D8%A9%29.jpg/393px-Kleicha_%28%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AC%D8%A9%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Kleicha_%28%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AC%D8%A9%29.jpg/524px-Kleicha_%28%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AC%D8%A9%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kleicha" title="Kleicha">Kleicha</a> is sometimes considered the national <a href="/wiki/Cookie" title="Cookie">cookie</a> of Iraq and is served during religious holidays.</figcaption></figure> <p>Some characteristic ingredients of Iraqi cuisine include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vegetable#Nutrition_and_health" title="Vegetable">Vegetables</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Eggplant#Cooking_and_preparing" title="Eggplant">eggplant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tomato#Consumption" title="Tomato">tomato</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/MOS:BROKENSECTIONLINKS" class="mw-redirect" title="MOS:BROKENSECTIONLINKS"><span title="The anchor (Consumption) has been deleted. (2024-10-09)">broken anchor</span></a></i>]</sup>, <a href="/wiki/Turnip#Relevance_in_human_use" title="Turnip">turnips</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phaseolus_vulgaris" title="Phaseolus vulgaris">beans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shallot#Culinary_uses" title="Shallot">shallots</a>, <a href="/wiki/Okra#Food_and_uses" title="Okra">okra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Onion#Culinary_uses" title="Onion">onion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lentil#Culinary_use" title="Lentil">lentils</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garden_cress#Culinary_uses" title="Garden cress">cress</a>, <a href="/wiki/Potato#Uses" title="Potato">potato</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cabbage#Food_preparation" title="Cabbage">cabbage</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zucchini#Culinary_uses" title="Zucchini">courgette (zucchini)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spinach#Production" title="Spinach">spinach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lettuce#Culinary" title="Lettuce">lettuce</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leek#Cuisine" title="Leek">leeks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Artichoke#As_food" title="Artichoke">artichokes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garlic" title="Garlic">garlic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bell_pepper#Use_as_a_food" title="Bell pepper">peppers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chili_pepper#Culinary_uses" title="Chili pepper">chilli peppers</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grain#Classification" title="Grain">Cereals</a> including <a href="/wiki/Rice#Cooking" title="Rice">rice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bulgur#Culinary_uses" title="Bulgur">bulghur wheat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barley#Preparation" title="Barley">barley</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legume" title="Legume">Pulses and legumes</a> such as lentils, <a href="/wiki/Chickpea#Culinary" title="Chickpea">chickpeas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Green_bean#Culinary_use_and_nutrition" title="Green bean">green beans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mung_bean#Uses" title="Mung bean">green grams</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kidney_bean#Classification" title="Kidney bean">cannellini beans</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fruit#Food_uses" title="Fruit">Fruits</a> including <a href="/wiki/Olive#Table_olives" title="Olive">olives</a>, <a href="/wiki/Date_palm#Fruits" title="Date palm">dates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raisin#Varieties" title="Raisin">raisins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apricot#Cultivation_and_uses" title="Apricot">apricots</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plum#Cultivation_and_uses" title="Plum">plums</a>, <a href="/wiki/Common_fig#Food" class="mw-redirect" title="Common fig">figs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grape#Table_and_wine_grapes" title="Grape">grapes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melon#Melons_by_genus" title="Melon">melons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pomegranate#Culinary_use" title="Pomegranate">pomegranates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apple#Popular_uses" title="Apple">apples</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prunus_avium#Fruit" title="Prunus avium">cherries</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quince#As_food" title="Quince">quinces</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Citrus#Culinary" title="Citrus">citrus fruits</a>—<a href="/wiki/Orange_(fruit)#Varieties" title="Orange (fruit)">oranges</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lemon#Culinary_uses" title="Lemon">lemons</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lime_(fruit)#Uses" title="Lime (fruit)">limes</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheese#History" title="Cheese">Cheeses</a> such as <i><a href="/wiki/Baladi_cheese" title="Baladi cheese">baladi</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Feta" title="Feta">feta</a> and <i><a href="/wiki/Halloumi#Overview_and_preparation" title="Halloumi">halloumi</a></i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herb#Culinary" title="Herb">Herbs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spice#Culinary_herbs_and_spices" title="Spice">spices</a> including <a href="/wiki/Cinnamon#Food_uses" title="Cinnamon">cinnamon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cardamom#Food_and_beverage" title="Cardamom">cardamom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coriander#Uses" title="Coriander">coriander</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fenugreek#Cooking" title="Fenugreek">fenugreek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cumin#Uses" title="Cumin">cumin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oregano#Culinary" title="Oregano">oregano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mentha#Culinary" title="Mentha">mint</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tarragon#Culinary_use" title="Tarragon">tarragon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thyme#Culinary_use" title="Thyme">thyme</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saffron#Consumption" title="Saffron">saffron</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dried_lime#Uses" title="Dried lime">dried lime</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cinnamomum_cassia#Origin_and_types" title="Cinnamomum cassia">cassia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dill#Culinary" title="Dill">dill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turmeric#Culinary" title="Turmeric">turmeric</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Baharat" title="Baharat">baharat</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Advieh" title="Advieh">advieh</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Sumac#Spice_and_beverage_flavoring" title="Sumac">sumac</a> and <i><a href="/wiki/Za%27atar#Preparation_as_a_condiment,_and_variations" title="Za'atar">za'atar</a></i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nut_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nut (food)">Nuts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Seed#Edible_seeds" title="Seed">seeds</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Sesame#Culinary_use" title="Sesame">sesame</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pistachio#Consumption" title="Pistachio">pistachios</a>, <a href="/wiki/Almond#Culinary_uses" title="Almond">almonds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walnut#Food_use" title="Walnut">walnuts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hazelnut#Culinary_uses" title="Hazelnut">hazelnuts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pine_nut#Culinary_uses" title="Pine nut">pine nuts</a>.</li></ul> <p>Other Iraqi culinary essentials include <a href="/wiki/Olive_oil#Culinary_use" title="Olive oil">olive oil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sesame_oil#Cooking" title="Sesame oil">sesame oil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tamarind#Culinary_use" title="Tamarind">tamarind</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rice_vermicelli" title="Rice vermicelli">vermicelli</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Tahini#Culinary_uses" title="Tahini">tahini</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Honey#Food" title="Honey">honey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Date_honey" title="Date honey">date syrup</a>, <a href="/wiki/Strained_yogurt" title="Strained yogurt">yogurt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rose_water#Edible" title="Rose water">rose water</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Lamb_and_mutton#Dishes" title="Lamb and mutton">Lamb</a> is the favorite meat, but <a href="/wiki/Chicken_as_food#Cooking" title="Chicken as food">chicken</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beef#Preparation" title="Beef">beef</a>, <a href="/wiki/Goat_meat" title="Goat meat">goat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fish_as_food#Preparation" title="Fish as food">fish</a> are also eaten. Most dishes are served with rice—usually <i>timman anbar</i>, a yellowish, very aromatic, long-grain rice grown in the Middle Euphrates region.<sup id="cite_ref-GM_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GM-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bulghur wheat is used in many dishes, having been a staple in the country since the days of the <a href="/wiki/Assyria" title="Assyria">ancient Assyrians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Salloum_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Salloum-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Flatbread#List_of_flatbreads" title="Flatbread">Flatbread</a> is a staple that is served with a variety of <a href="/wiki/Dipping_sauce" title="Dipping sauce">dips</a>, cheeses, olives, and <a href="/wiki/Fruit_preserves#Variations" title="Fruit preserves">jams</a>, at every meal. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Common_dishes">Common dishes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iraqi_cuisine&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Common dishes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mêzzä"><span id="M.C3.AAzz.C3.A4"></span>Mêzzä</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iraqi_cuisine&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Mêzzä"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Meals begin with appetizers and salads, known as <i><a href="/wiki/Mezze" class="mw-redirect" title="Mezze">mezza</a>.</i> <i>Mezza</i> is a selection of appetizers or small dishes often served with a beverage, like anise-flavored liqueurs such as <i><a href="/wiki/Arak_(drink)" title="Arak (drink)">arak</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Ouzo" title="Ouzo">ouzo</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Rak%C4%B1" title="Rakı">rakı</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Sambuca" title="Sambuca">sambuca</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Pastis" title="Pastis">pastis</a></i>, or various wines, similar to the <i><a href="/wiki/Tapas" title="Tapas">tapas</a></i> of Spain, or <a href="/wiki/Finger_food" title="Finger food">finger food</a>. </p><p>Mezza may include: </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Iraqi_samoon_bread_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Iraqi_samoon_bread_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg/264px-Iraqi_samoon_bread_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg" decoding="async" width="264" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Iraqi_samoon_bread_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg/396px-Iraqi_samoon_bread_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Iraqi_samoon_bread_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg/528px-Iraqi_samoon_bread_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Samoon" title="Samoon">Samoon</a></i>, type of Iraqi bread.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Iraqi sumac salad, a typical Iraqi salad with the addition of sumac berries.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fried_aubergine" class="mw-redirect" title="Fried aubergine">Baytinijan maqli</a></i>, a dish often served cold, consisting of fried aubergine (eggplant) with <i><a href="/wiki/Tahini" title="Tahini">tahini</a></i>, lettuce, parsley and tomatoes, garnished with sumac and served on pita bread or sliced bread, often grilled or toasted. Variations include bell peppers, or a garlic-lemon <a href="/wiki/Vinaigrette" title="Vinaigrette">vinaigrette</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fattoush" title="Fattoush">Fattoush</a></i>, a salad made from several garden vegetables and toasted or fried pieces of pita bread.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tabbouleh" title="Tabbouleh">Tabbouleh</a></i>, a salad dish, often used as part of a <i>mezze</i>. Its primary ingredients are finely chopped parsley, bulgur, mint, tomato, scallion, and other herbs with lemon juice, olive oil and various seasonings, generally including black pepper and sometimes cinnamon and allspice.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tursu" class="mw-redirect" title="Tursu">Turshi</a></i>, pickled vegetables in the cuisine of many Balkan and Middle East countries. It is a traditional appetizer, <i>mezze</i> for <i>rakı</i>, <i>ouzo</i>, <i>tsipouro</i> and <i>rakia</i>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dips">Dips</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iraqi_cuisine&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Dips"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Baba_ghanoush" title="Baba ghanoush">Baba ghanoush</a></i>, a dish of baked <a href="/wiki/Aubergine" class="mw-redirect" title="Aubergine">aubergine</a> (eggplant) mashed and mixed with various seasonings.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hummus" title="Hummus">Hummus</a></i>, a dip or spread made from cooked, mashed <a href="/wiki/Chickpea" title="Chickpea">chickpeas</a>, blended with <i><a href="/wiki/Tahini" title="Tahini">tahini</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Olive_oil" title="Olive oil">olive oil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lemon_juice" class="mw-redirect" title="Lemon juice">lemon juice</a>, salt and garlic.</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jajik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jajik (page does not exist)">Jajik</a></i>, an appetizer, also used as a sauce for <a href="/wiki/Shish_kebab" title="Shish kebab">shish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Doner_kebab" title="Doner kebab">döner kebab</a>. <i>Jajik</i> is made of <a href="/wiki/Strained_yogurt" title="Strained yogurt">strained yogurt</a> (usually <a href="/wiki/Sheep_milk" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheep milk">sheep's milk</a> or <a href="/wiki/Goat_milk" title="Goat milk">goat's milk</a> in Greece and Turkey) with cucumbers, garlic, salt, usually olive oil, pepper, dill, sometimes lemon juice and parsley, or mint added. The cucumbers are either puréed and strained, or seeded and finely diced. Olive oil, olives, and herbs are often used as garnishes.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Soups_and_stews">Soups and stews</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iraqi_cuisine&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Soups and stews"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Various stews served over rice form a major part of Iraqi cuisine. </p> <ul><li><i>Fasolia yabsa</i> (Iraqi white bean stew), made up of tender lamb or veal, white kidney beans (also called cannellini beans), tomato sauce and served over rice.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fasoulia" class="mw-redirect" title="Fasoulia">Fasoulia</a></i>, a soup of dry white beans, olive oil, and vegetables.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Harissa_(dish)" class="mw-redirect" title="Harissa (dish)">Harissa</a></i>, similar to <i><a href="/wiki/Ke%C5%9Fkek" title="Keşkek">keşkek</a></i>, a porridge made of stewed and boned chicken and coarsely ground soaked wheat.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kebab" title="Kebab">Kebabs</a></i>, a dish consisting of grilled or broiled meats on a skewer or stick.<sup id="cite_ref-Teen_life_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Teen_life-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most common <i>kebabs</i> include lamb and beef, although others use chicken or fish.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lentil_soup" title="Lentil soup">Lentil soup</a>, may be vegetarian or include meat, and may use brown, red, yellow or black lentils, with or without the husk.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maqluba" title="Maqluba">Maqluba</a></i>, an upside-down rice and aubergine (eggplant) casserole, hence the name which means "upside-down". It is sometimes made with fried cauliflower instead of aubergine and usually includes meat—often braised lamb.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bamia" title="Bamia">Margat bamia</a></i> or simply <i>bamia</i>, a stew made with <a href="/wiki/Okra" title="Okra">okra</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lamb_and_mutton" title="Lamb and mutton">lamb</a> or beef cubes in a tomato sauce.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moussaka" title="Moussaka">Margat baytinijan</a></i>, an aubergine-based dish of the Balkans and the Middle East. All versions are based primarily on sautéed aubergine (eggplant) and tomato, usually with minced meat.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Masgouf.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Masgouf.jpg/220px-Masgouf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Masgouf.jpg/330px-Masgouf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Masgouf.jpg/440px-Masgouf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>A prepared <i><a href="/wiki/Masgouf" title="Masgouf">masgouf</a></i></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kebab_Amed_2010.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Kebab_Amed_2010.JPG/220px-Kebab_Amed_2010.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Kebab_Amed_2010.JPG/330px-Kebab_Amed_2010.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Kebab_Amed_2010.JPG/440px-Kebab_Amed_2010.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4592" data-file-height="3056" /></a><figcaption>Iraqi <i>kebab</i>, usually served with <a href="/wiki/Khubz" title="Khubz">khubz</a> or <a href="/wiki/Samoon" title="Samoon">samoon</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Masgouf" title="Masgouf">Masgouf</a></i>, a traditional Mesopotamian dish made with fish from the <a href="/wiki/Tigris" title="Tigris">Tigris</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Teen_life_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Teen_life-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Iraq_in_Pictures_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iraq_in_Pictures-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is an open-cut freshwater fish roasted for hours after being marinated with olive oil, salt, <i><a href="/wiki/Turmeric" title="Turmeric">curcuma</a></i> and tamarind while keeping the skin on. Traditional garnishes for the <i>masgouf</i> include lemon, chopped onions and tomatoes, as well as the clay-oven <a href="/wiki/Flatbreads" class="mw-redirect" title="Flatbreads">flatbreads</a> common to Iraq and much of the Middle East.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomegranate_soup" title="Pomegranate soup">Pomegranate soup</a>, called <i>shorbat rumman</i> in Iraq. It is made from pomegranate juice and seeds, yellow split peas, ground beef, mint leaves, spices, and other ingredients.<sup id="cite_ref-Jacob_1_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jacob_1-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gheimeh" title="Gheimeh">Qeema</a></i>, a minced meat, tomato and chickpea stew, served with rice. Traditionally prepared at the annual <a href="/wiki/Day_of_Ashura" class="mw-redirect" title="Day of Ashura">Ashura</a> commemorations in southern Iraq and can also be served in funerals, weddings, etc. The name <i>qeema</i> is an ancient <a href="/wiki/Akkadian_language" title="Akkadian language">Akkadian</a> word meaning "finely chopped".<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Iraqi_Qoozi_.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Iraqi_Qoozi_.jpg/220px-Iraqi_Qoozi_.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Iraqi_Qoozi_.jpg/330px-Iraqi_Qoozi_.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Iraqi_Qoozi_.jpg/440px-Iraqi_Qoozi_.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Quzi" title="Quzi">Quzi</a></i></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Quzi" title="Quzi">Quzi</a></i>, stuffed roasted lamb.<sup id="cite_ref-Teen_life_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Teen_life-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Iraq_in_Pictures_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iraq_in_Pictures-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scorched_rice#Iraq" title="Scorched rice">Hikakeh</a></i> is a thin crust of slightly browned rice at the bottom of the cooking pot.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88.jpg/220px-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88.jpg/330px-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88.jpg/440px-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>A plate of <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parda_blaw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parda blaw (page does not exist)">Parda blaw</a></i></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Tharid" title="Tharid">Tashrib</a></i>, a soup made with either lamb or chicken with or without tomatoes eaten with Iraqi <i><a href="/wiki/Naan" title="Naan">nan</a></i>; the bread is broken into pieces and the soup is poured over in a big bowl.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MosulDolma.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/MosulDolma.jpg/220px-MosulDolma.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/MosulDolma.jpg/330px-MosulDolma.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/MosulDolma.jpg/440px-MosulDolma.jpg 2x" data-file-width="565" data-file-height="424" /></a><figcaption><i>Iraqi dolma</i></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tepsi-Baytinijan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Tepsi-Baytinijan.jpg/220px-Tepsi-Baytinijan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Tepsi-Baytinijan.jpg/330px-Tepsi-Baytinijan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Tepsi-Baytinijan.jpg/440px-Tepsi-Baytinijan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption> <i><a href="/wiki/Tepsi_baytinijan" title="Tepsi baytinijan">Tepsi baytinijan</a></i></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Tepsi_baytinijan" title="Tepsi baytinijan">Tepsi baytinijan</a></i>, an Iraqi casserole. The main ingredient of the dish is aubergine (eggplant), which is sliced and fried before placing in a baking dish, accompanied with chunks of lamb/beef/veal and/or meatballs, plus tomatoes, onions and garlic. <div style="line-height: 0.22em;"><span class="nowrap"> </span></div></li></ul> <dl><dd>Potato slices are placed on top of the mixture, and the dish is baked. Like many other Iraqi dishes it is usually served with rice, along with salad and pickles.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dumplings_and_meatballs">Dumplings and meatballs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iraqi_cuisine&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Dumplings and meatballs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dolma" title="Dolma">Dolma</a></i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Sarma_(food)" title="Sarma (food)">sarma</a></i>), a family of stuffed vegetable dishes. The grape-leaf <i>dolma</i> is common. Courgette (zucchini), aubergine (eggplant), tomato and pepper are commonly used as fillings. The stuffing may or may not include meat.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Falafel" title="Falafel">Falafel</a></i>, a fried ball or patty made from spiced chickpeas or fava beans. Originally from Egypt, <i>falafel</i> is a form of common fast food in the Middle East, where it is also served as a kind of <i><a href="/wiki/Mezze" class="mw-redirect" title="Mezze">mezze</a></i> and more commonly eaten with samoon with a <i><a href="/wiki/Salad" title="Salad">salad</a></i> and usually <i><a href="/wiki/Amba_(condiment)" title="Amba (condiment)">Amba (condiment)</a></i> as dressing</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kofta" title="Kofta">Kofta</a></i>, a family of meatball or meatloaf dishes in Middle Eastern, Indian, and Balkan cuisines. In the simplest form, <i>koftas</i> consist of balls of minced or ground meat—usually beef or lamb—mixed with spices or onions.<div style="line-height: 0.22em;"><span class="nowrap"> </span></div></li></ul> <dl><dd>Vegetarian varieties include <i>lauki kofta</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>shahi aloo kofta</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i>malai kofta</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><div style="line-height: 0.22em;"><span class="nowrap"> </span></div></dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kubba" class="mw-redirect" title="Kubba">Kubba</a></i>, a dish made of rice or <i><a href="/wiki/Burghul" class="mw-redirect" title="Burghul">burghul</a></i>, chopped meat, and spices. There are many varieties and variations of kubba. One of the best-known varieties is a <a href="/wiki/Torpedo" title="Torpedo">torpedo</a>-shaped <i>burghul</i> shell stuffed with chopped meat and fried. Other varieties are baked, poached, or even served raw. They may be shaped into balls, patties, or flat.<sup id="cite_ref-Jacob_1_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jacob_1-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://cardamomandtea.com/299/kubba-hamuth/">[1]</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.sbs.com.au/food/article/kubba-is-an-iraqi-dish-that-brings-families-and-patience-together/culeepm0a">[2]</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Samosa" title="Samosa">Samosa</a></i>, a small fried or baked pasty, which may be either half-moon shaped or triangular.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Processed_meat">Processed meat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iraqi_cuisine&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Processed meat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Past%C4%B1rma" class="mw-redirect" title="Pastırma">Pastırma</a></i>, a highly seasoned, air-dried cured beef in the cuisines of the former Ottoman countries.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sujuk" title="Sujuk">Sujuk</a></i>, a dry, spicy sausage eaten from the Balkans to the Middle East and Central Asia.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rice_dishes">Rice dishes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iraqi_cuisine&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Rice dishes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Long-grain <a href="/wiki/Rice" title="Rice">rice</a> is a staple in Iraqi cuisine.<sup id="cite_ref-Teen_life_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Teen_life-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Iraq_in_Pictures_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iraq_in_Pictures-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Iraqi rice cooking is a multistep process intended to produce just-tender, fluffy grains.<sup id="cite_ref-GM_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GM-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A prominent aspect of Iraqi rice cooking is the <i><a href="/wiki/Scorched_rice#Iraq" title="Scorched rice">hikakeh</a></i>, a crisp bottom crust.<sup id="cite_ref-GM_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GM-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before serving, the <i>hikakeh</i> is broken into pieces so that everyone is provided with some along with the fluffy rice.<sup id="cite_ref-GM_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GM-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dolma" title="Dolma">Dolma</a></i>, vine leaves stuffed with a mixture of ground lamb or beef with rice cooked with many fillings in the same pot, with <a href="/wiki/Pomegranate" title="Pomegranate">pomegranate</a> juice prominently added by North Iraqis to give it a unique taste.<div style="line-height: 0.22em;"><span class="nowrap"> </span></div></li></ul> <dl><dd>The <a href="/wiki/Assyrian_people" title="Assyrian people">Assyrians</a> of Iraq may either call it <i>dolma</i> or <i>yaprekh</i> which is the <a href="/wiki/Syriac_language" title="Syriac language">Syriac</a> term for stuffed grape leaves. <div style="line-height: 0.22em;"><span class="nowrap"> </span></div></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Iraqis" title="Iraqis">Iraqis</a> usually serve <i>dolma</i> without yoghurt. Often chicken or beef ribs are added to the cooking pot, and sometimes served with the <i>dolma</i> instead of <i>masta</i> or <i>khalwah</i>. Iraqi <i>dolma</i> is usually cooked and served in a tomato-based sauce. <div style="line-height: 0.22em;"></div></dd> <dd><i>Dolma</i> is very popular in <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Mosul" title="Mosul">Mosul</a> they include courgettes (zucchini), tomatoes, onions, peppers, eggplant, and grape leaves. They are occasionally steamed.</dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Biryani" title="Biryani">Biryani</a></i>, several rice-based foods made with spices, rice usually <a href="/wiki/Basmati" title="Basmati">basmati</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%B2_%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="أرز عنبر (page does not exist)">أرز عنبر</a> and meat/vegetable, collectively popular in <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> and among Muslims in <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mutabbaq_samak" title="Mutabbaq samak">Mutabbaq samak</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: مطبق سمك), fried fish served over <a href="/wiki/Stock_(food)" title="Stock (food)">stocked</a> rice.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pilaf#Iran" title="Pilaf">Pilaf</a></i>, similar to that of Iran.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quzi" title="Quzi">Quzi</a></i>, a rice-based dish served with very slow-cooked lamb and roasted nuts and raisins.</li> <li>Tibeat, a Jewish-Iraqi dish made for <a href="/wiki/Shabbat" title="Shabbat">Shabbat</a>, slow-cooked chicken stuffed with rice, tomatoes, dried apricots and raisins, with a strong cardamom flavor.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Arabic" class="mw-redirect" title="Iraqi Arabic">Iraqi Arabic</a>, rice is called <i>temmen</i>, which is an <a href="/wiki/Assimilation_(phonology)" title="Assimilation (phonology)">assimilation</a> of English "<i>ten men</i>" (a brand of Indian <a href="/wiki/Basmati" title="Basmati">basmati</a> rice).<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the myth, the word originated after <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> when Iraqi farmers declined to provide the <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Iraq" title="Mandatory Iraq">British</a> with rice to feed their soldiers in <a href="/wiki/Basra" title="Basra">Basra</a>. Thereafter, the British imported "Ten Men" instead.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As such, when Iraqi porters used to hear British soldiers requesting them to carry the pouches of "Ten Men", they thought it meant rice in English. The word <i>temmen</i> has since entered the Iraqi vocabulary, and today, Iraqis still use that word for rice.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sandwiches_and_wraps">Sandwiches and wraps</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iraqi_cuisine&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Sandwiches and wraps"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Shawarma" title="Shawarma">Shawarma</a></i>, a Middle-Eastern Arabic-style sandwich-like wrap<sup id="cite_ref-Teen_life_15-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Teen_life-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> usually composed of shaved lamb, goat, chicken, turkey, beef, or a mixture of meats. <i>Shawarma</i> is a popular dish and fast-food staple across the Middle East and North Africa.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dairy">Dairy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iraqi_cuisine&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Dairy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baladi_cheese" title="Baladi cheese"><i>Baladi</i> cheese</a>, a soft, white cheese originating from the Middle East, with a mild yet rich flavor.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kaymak" title="Kaymak">Geimar</a></i>, a creamy dairy product, similar to clotted cream, made in the Balkans, Turkey, Iran and Central Asia. It is made from <a href="/wiki/Water_buffalo#Dairy_products" title="Water buffalo">water buffalo's milk</a> in the East, or <a href="/wiki/Milk#Cow's_milk" title="Milk">cow's milk</a> in the West.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jameed" title="Jameed">Jameed</a></i>, hard dry <i><a href="/wiki/Labneh" class="mw-redirect" title="Labneh">labneh</a></i> (strained yogurt) made from <a href="/wiki/Sheep_milk#Products_made_from_sheep_milk" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheep milk">sheep's milk</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jibneh_Arabieh_cheese" class="mw-redirect" title="Jibneh Arabieh cheese">Jibneh Arabieh</a></i>, a simple cheese found all over the Middle East, particularly popular in the Persian Gulf area, with an open texture and a mild taste similar to <a href="/wiki/Feta" title="Feta">feta</a>, but less salty.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Strained_yogurt" title="Strained yogurt">Labneh</a></i>, yogurt which has been strained in a cloth or paper bag or filter, traditionally made of muslin, to remove the whey, giving a consistency between that of yogurt and cheese, while preserving yogurt's distinctive sour taste.<sup id="cite_ref-Jacob_1_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jacob_1-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Breads_and_pastries">Breads and pastries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iraqi_cuisine&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Breads and pastries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lahmacun.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Lahmacun.jpg/220px-Lahmacun.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Lahmacun.jpg/330px-Lahmacun.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Lahmacun.jpg/440px-Lahmacun.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2488" data-file-height="1810" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Lahmacun" title="Lahmacun">Lahm b'ajeen</a></i>, garnished with <a href="/wiki/Parsley" title="Parsley">parsley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tomato" title="Tomato">tomato</a>, <a href="/wiki/Red_onion" title="Red onion">red onion</a>, and a wedge of <a href="/wiki/Lemon" title="Lemon">lemon</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Burek" class="mw-redirect" title="Burek">Burek</a></i>, a type of baked or fried filled <a href="/wiki/Pastry" title="Pastry">pastry</a>. It is made of a thin flaky dough known as <a href="/wiki/Phyllo" class="mw-redirect" title="Phyllo">phyllo</a> dough (or <i>yufka</i> dough), and are filled with salty cheese (often <a href="/wiki/Feta" title="Feta">feta</a>), minced meat, potatoes or other vegetables.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ka%27ak" title="Ka'ak">Ka'ak</a></i>, refer to several different types of baked goods produced throughout the Arab world and the Near East.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kadaif" class="mw-redirect" title="Kadaif">Kadaif</a></i>, a very fine vermicelli-like pastry used to make sweet pastries and desserts.</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kahy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kahy (page does not exist)">Kahy</a></i>, layers of thin dough <a href="/wiki/Phyllo" class="mw-redirect" title="Phyllo">phyllo</a> usually consumed warm for breakfast by adding creamy <i><a href="/wiki/Kaymak" title="Kaymak">kaymak</a></i> and light sugar syrup. This pastry is mostly spread in the Southern region of Iraq.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Khubz" title="Khubz">Khubz</a> Iraqi,</i> an Arabic flatbread that is part of the local diet in many countries of <a href="/wiki/Western_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Asia">Western Asia</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Laffa" title="Laffa">Laffa</a></i> (an Iraqi <a href="/wiki/Pita" title="Pita">pita</a> or <a href="/wiki/Naan" title="Naan">naan</a> bread).</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lahmacun" title="Lahmacun">Lahmacun</a></i>, a thin pizza topped with minced meat and herbs.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lavash" title="Lavash">Lavash</a></i>, a soft, thin <a href="/wiki/Flatbread" title="Flatbread">flatbread</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Manakish" title="Manakish">Manakish</a></i>, a <a href="/wiki/Pizza" title="Pizza">pizza</a> consisting of dough topped with thyme, cheese, or ground meat.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Markook_shrek" class="mw-redirect" title="Markook shrek">Markook</a></i>, a type of flatbread common in the countries of the Levant. It is baked on a domed or convex metal griddle, known as <i><a href="/wiki/Tava" title="Tava">saj</a></i>. It is usually sizable, about 2 feet, thin, almost transparent.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pita" title="Pita">Pita</a></i>, a family of yeast-leavened round flatbreads baked from wheat flour.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Samoon" title="Samoon">Samoon</a></i>, a flat and round bread.<sup id="cite_ref-Iraq_in_Pictures_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iraq_in_Pictures-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sfiha" title="Sfiha">Sfiha</a></i>, a pizza-like dish traditionally made with ground mutton rather than the more modern addition of lamb or beef in <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>. They are open-faced meat pies with no top dough.<div style="line-height: 0.22em;"><span class="nowrap"> </span></div></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Sfiha</i> are much like <i><a href="/wiki/Dolma" title="Dolma">dolma</a></i>, ground lamb, lightly spiced, wrapped in brined grape leaves.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Condiments,_sauces_and_spices"><span id="Condiments.2C_sauces_and_spices"></span>Condiments, sauces and spices</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iraqi_cuisine&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Condiments, sauces and spices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Amba_(condiment)" title="Amba (condiment)">Amba</a></i>, a tangy <a href="/wiki/Mango" title="Mango">mango</a> <a href="/wiki/Pickling" title="Pickling">pickle</a> condiment from <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> and <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>. Commonly eaten as a side dish and sometimes as a sandwich topping.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Baharat" title="Baharat">Baharat</a></i>, a <a href="/wiki/Spice_mix" title="Spice mix">spice mixture</a>. Typical ingredients include <a href="/wiki/Allspice" title="Allspice">allspice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Black_pepper" title="Black pepper">black pepper</a> corns, <a href="/wiki/Cardamom" title="Cardamom">cardamom</a> seeds, <a href="/wiki/Cinnamomum_aromaticum" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinnamomum aromaticum">cassia</a> bark, <a href="/wiki/Clove" title="Clove">cloves</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coriander" title="Coriander">coriander</a> seeds, <a href="/wiki/Cumin" title="Cumin">cumin</a> seeds, <a href="/wiki/Nutmeg" title="Nutmeg">nutmeg</a>, dried red <a href="/wiki/Chili_pepper" title="Chili pepper">chili peppers</a> or <a href="/wiki/Paprika" title="Paprika">paprika</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rub_(syrup)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rub (syrup)">Dibis</a></i>, a thick, very sweet date syrup. Often mixed with <i>tahini</i> to create a dip.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jallab" title="Jallab">Jallab</a></i>, a type of syrup popular in the Middle East made from dates, grape molasses and rose water.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mahleb" title="Mahleb">Mahleb</a></i>, an aromatic spice made from the seeds of the St Lucie Cherry (<i>Prunus mahaleb</i>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_water#Edible" title="Rose water">Rose water</a> (<i>Mayy wared</i>), used in various Middle-Eastern dishes, especially in sweets.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tahini" title="Tahini">Tahini</a></i> (<i>t'heena</i>), a paste of ground sesame seeds used in cooking. Middle-Eastern <i>tahini</i> is made of hulled, lightly roasted seeds.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Za%27atar" title="Za'atar">Za'atar</a></i>, a mixture of herbs and spices used as a condiment.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sweets">Sweets</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iraqi_cuisine&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Sweets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The earliest known recipe for cake comes from ancient Mesopotamia. Believed to be primarily for consumption at the palace or temple, the cake was made from fat, white cheese, dates and raisins. Another recipe dating to the reign of <a href="/wiki/Hammurabi" title="Hammurabi">Hammurabi</a> (1792 BCE–1750 BCE) includes similar basic ingredients with the addition of grape syrup, <a href="/wiki/Figs" class="mw-redirect" title="Figs">figs</a> and apples.<sup id="cite_ref-sweets_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sweets-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The traditional Iraqi <i><a href="/wiki/Kleicha" title="Kleicha">kleicha</a></i> cookies are believed to have their roots in Mesopotamian <i>qullupu</i>—date filled pastries baked in a wood-fired oven called <i><a href="/wiki/Tannour" class="mw-redirect" title="Tannour">tannour</a></i>. In modern times, other types of cookies (<i>biskit</i>) and cakes (<i>ka'ak</i>) are made at home, usually flavored with <a href="/wiki/Cardamom" title="Cardamom">cardamom</a> or rose water. Some variations include the disc-shaped <i>khfefiyyat</i>, half-moon shaped <i>kleichat joz</i> made with nuts, and date-filled <i>kleichat tamur</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-sweets_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sweets-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Iraqi_food-Baklava_and_others.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Iraqi_food-Baklava_and_others.jpg/220px-Iraqi_food-Baklava_and_others.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Iraqi_food-Baklava_and_others.jpg/330px-Iraqi_food-Baklava_and_others.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Iraqi_food-Baklava_and_others.jpg/440px-Iraqi_food-Baklava_and_others.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="2100" /></a><figcaption>"White baklava", <i>osh el bulbul</i> (bird's nests) and other traditional sweets in Iraq</figcaption></figure> <p>Cookbooks dating to the <a href="/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphate" title="Abbasid Caliphate">Abbasid Caliphate</a> between the 10th and 13th centuries include recipes for hundreds of desserts. The tradition continues into the modern day, but the rich, syrupy desserts like <i><a href="/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava">baklava</a></i> are usually prepared for special occasions or religious celebrations, as most daily meals are usually followed by a simple course of seasonal fruit, especially dates, figs, cantaloupes, nectarines, apricots, pomegranates, peaches, mulberries, grapes or watermelons.<sup id="cite_ref-sweets_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sweets-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Though not as recognizable as <i>baklava</i>, the fried pastry called <i>lauzeenaj</i>, flavored with <a href="/wiki/Mastic_(plant_resin)" title="Mastic (plant resin)">mastic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rose_water" title="Rose water">rose water</a>, was a specialty in imperial Baghdad. </p><p>Rosette-shaped <a href="/wiki/Fritter" title="Fritter">fritters</a> called <i><a href="/wiki/Jalebi" title="Jalebi">zalabia</a></i> are a local specialty, believed to take their name from <a href="/wiki/Ziryab" title="Ziryab">Ziryab</a>, a well-known Iraqi musician in the <a href="/wiki/Caliphate_of_Cordoba" class="mw-redirect" title="Caliphate of Cordoba">Caliphate of Cordoba</a>. </p><p><i>Baklava</i> and <i>zalabia</i> are typical offerings during the <a href="/wiki/Eid_al-Fitr" title="Eid al-Fitr">Eid al-Fitr</a> celebrations that follow <a href="/wiki/Ramadan" title="Ramadan">Ramadan</a>. <i>Halqoum</i> (commonly known as <a href="/wiki/Turkish_delight" title="Turkish delight">Turkish delight</a>) are traditionally given as gifts during the holiday.<sup id="cite_ref-sweets_31-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sweets-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Others include: </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Halva#Sesame" title="Halva">Halva</a></i>, popular in the Balkans, Poland, Middle East, and other areas surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. The primary ingredients in this confection are sesame butter or paste (<i><a href="/wiki/Tahini" title="Tahini">tahini</a></i>), and sugar, glucose or honey.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kanafeh" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanafeh">Kanafeh</a></i>, a pastry made with layers of semolina, white cheese and a sugary syrup sprinkled with rose water.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lauzinaj" title="Lauzinaj">Luzina</a></i>, a candy similar to Turkish <i><a href="/wiki/Lukum" class="mw-redirect" title="Lukum">lukum</a></i>, made from ground fruits.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gaz_(candy)" title="Gaz (candy)">Mann al-sama</a></i>, an Iranian nougat that originated in <a href="/wiki/Isfahan" title="Isfahan">Isfahan</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Qatayef" title="Qatayef">Qatayef</a></i>, an Arab dessert reserved for the Muslim holiday of Ramadan, a sort of sweet <i><a href="/wiki/Cr%C3%AApe" title="Crêpe">crêpe</a></i> filled with cheese or nuts. It was traditionally prepared by street vendors as well as households in the Levant and more recently has spread to Egypt.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zerde" title="Zerde">Zardah</a></i>, a <a href="/wiki/Iranian_cuisine" title="Iranian cuisine">Persian</a> dessert. It is also used on religious occasions, such as <a href="/wiki/Ramadan" title="Ramadan">Ramadan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eid_al-Fitr" title="Eid al-Fitr">Eid</a>. It is made of soaked rice with a sticky consistency like jelly, with sugar and yellow tea dye added to it, along with cinnamon, coconut and nuts to decorate the dish.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beverages">Beverages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iraqi_cuisine&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Beverages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Iraqi_tea-Al-Shahbander_cafe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Iraqi_tea-Al-Shahbander_cafe.jpg/220px-Iraqi_tea-Al-Shahbander_cafe.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Iraqi_tea-Al-Shahbander_cafe.jpg/330px-Iraqi_tea-Al-Shahbander_cafe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Iraqi_tea-Al-Shahbander_cafe.jpg/440px-Iraqi_tea-Al-Shahbander_cafe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5187" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Iraqi tea served at the <a href="/wiki/Shabandar_Caf%C3%A9" title="Shabandar Café">Shabandar Café</a>, Baghdad</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alcoholic_beverages">Alcoholic beverages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iraqi_cuisine&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Alcoholic beverages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On February 20, 2023, a law was published banning the import, production and sale of all types of alcoholic beverages, punishable by fines of up to IQD 25 million. There is currently no further information available regarding the enforcement of the law, which is currently being litigated. </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Arak_(distilled_beverage)" class="mw-redirect" title="Arak (distilled beverage)">Arak</a></i>, a clear, colourless, unsweetened <a href="/wiki/Anise" title="Anise">anise</a>-flavoured <a href="/wiki/Distilled_beverage" class="mw-redirect" title="Distilled beverage">distilled</a> <a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_beverage" title="Alcoholic beverage">alcoholic drink</a>. <i>Arak</i> is usually not consumed straight, but is mixed in approximately ⅓︎ <i>arak</i> to ⅔︎ water, and ice is then added.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beer" title="Beer">Beer</a>, a drink that originated in ancient Assyria and Babylon over 6,000 years ago.</li> <li>Cusa Masqool, an alcoholic drink which is made from fermented goats milk. It is mostly only found in the Kurdistan region and dates back to antiquity.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-alcoholic_beverages">Non-alcoholic beverages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iraqi_cuisine&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Non-alcoholic beverages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_coffee" title="Turkish coffee">Coffee</a>, a drink that has a strong and bitter taste, a popular beverage in Iraq.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sharbat_(beverage)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharbat (beverage)">Sharbat</a></i>, a chilled, sweet drink prepared from fruit juice or flower petals.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Leben_(milk_product)" title="Leben (milk product)">Laban</a></i>, a cold beverage of <a href="/wiki/Yogurt" title="Yogurt">yogurt</a> mixed with cold water, sometimes with a pinch of salt or dried mint added.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea" title="Tea">Tea</a>, also known as <i>chai</i>, is widely consumed throughout the day, especially in the mornings, after meals, and during social settings. It is prepared in a special way involving boiling tea in hot water, then placing it over a second tea pot with boiling water to let the tea infuse.<div style="line-height: 0.22em;"><span class="nowrap"> </span></div></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Related_cuisines">Related cuisines</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iraqi_cuisine&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Related cuisines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_cuisine" title="Arab cuisine">Arab cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_cuisine" title="Armenian cuisine">Armenian cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_cuisine" title="Assyrian cuisine">Assyrian cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_cuisine" title="Azerbaijani cuisine">Azerbaijani cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasian_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Caucasian cuisine">Caucasian cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Asian_cuisine" title="Central Asian cuisine">Central Asian cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_cuisine" title="Iranian cuisine">Iranian cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levantine_cuisine" title="Levantine cuisine">Levantine cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_cuisine" title="Mediterranean cuisine">Mediterranean cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Eastern_cuisine" title="Middle Eastern cuisine">Middle Eastern cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_cuisine" title="Turkish cuisine">Turkish cuisine</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iraqi_cuisine&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_cuisine" title="Arab cuisine">Arab cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Iraq" title="Culture of Iraq">Culture of Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_culture_of_Baghdad" class="mw-redirect" title="Café culture of Baghdad">Café culture of Baghdad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masgouf" title="Masgouf">Masgouf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelfray" title="Chelfray">Chelfray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kleicha" title="Kleicha">Kleicha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lokma" title="Lokma">Lokma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoon" title="Samoon">Samoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quzi" title="Quzi">Quzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tandoor_bread" title="Tandoor bread">Tandoor bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Sayyar_al-Warraq" title="Ibn Sayyar al-Warraq">Ibn Sayyar al-Warraq</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iraqi_cuisine&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output 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class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.internationalcuisine.com/iraqi-sumac-salad/">"Iraqi Sumac Salad (Summaq salad)"</a>. <i>International Cuisine</i>. 14 January 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Cuisine&rft.atitle=Iraqi+Sumac+Salad+%28Summaq+salad%29&rft.date=2016-01-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.internationalcuisine.com%2Firaqi-sumac-salad%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIraqi+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hungrypaprikas.com/fasolia/">"Fasolia Yabsa (Iraqi White Bean Stew)"</a>. 22 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fasolia+Yabsa+%28Iraqi+White+Bean+Stew%29&rft.date=2020-09-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hungrypaprikas.com%2Ffasolia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIraqi+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Teen_life-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Teen_life_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Teen_life_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Teen_life_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Teen_life_15-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Teen_life_15-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">ʻAlī Akbar Mahdī, (2003) p.40 -41</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jacob (2007) p.4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fair, (2008) p.72</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Iraq_in_Pictures-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Iraq_in_Pictures_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Iraq_in_Pictures_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Iraq_in_Pictures_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Iraq_in_Pictures_18-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Taus-Bolstad, Stacy (2003) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FnJPct6scxcC&pg=PA55&dq=Masgouf+iraq&num=30&ei=4u8RSu7nF5vuzQS9wcyQCw#PPA55,M1"><i>Iraq in Pictures</i></a>, 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ABC-CLIO. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-37627-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-37627-6"><bdi>978-0-313-37627-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Food+Cultures+of+the+World+Encyclopedia+%5B4+volumes%5D%3A+%5BFour+Volumes%5D&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2011-05-25&rft.isbn=978-0-313-37627-6&rft.aulast=Albala&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzG1H75z0EYYC%26q%3Dmtabbag%2Bsimach%26pg%3DPA251&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIraqi+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNasrallah2013" class="citation book cs1">Nasrallah, Nawal (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4RZAPgAACAAJ"><i>Delights from the Garden of Eden: A Cookbook and History of the Iraqi Cuisine</i></a>. Equinox Pub. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84553-457-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84553-457-8"><bdi>978-1-84553-457-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Delights+from+the+Garden+of+Eden%3A+A+Cookbook+and+History+of+the+Iraqi+Cuisine&rft.pub=Equinox+Pub.&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-84553-457-8&rft.aulast=Nasrallah&rft.aufirst=Nawal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4RZAPgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIraqi+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tasteofbeirut.com/iraqi-jewish-chicken-and-rice-tibeat/">"Chicken and rice (Tibeat)"</a>. 15 November 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chicken+and+rice+%28Tibeat%29&rft.date=2011-11-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tasteofbeirut.com%2Firaqi-jewish-chicken-and-rice-tibeat%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIraqi+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/english-arabic-british-colonial-iraq-language-influence-dialect-a8332536.html">"How English words entered Arabic through the British empire in Iraq"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i>. 17 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=How+English+words+entered+Arabic+through+the+British+empire+in+Iraq&rft.date=2018-06-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Farts-entertainment%2Fenglish-arabic-british-colonial-iraq-language-influence-dialect-a8332536.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIraqi+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.albawaba.com/slideshow/sound-familiar-8-foreign-words-have-become-arabic-ahlan-924812">"Sound familiar? 8 foreign words that have become as Arabic as ahlan"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Albawaba" class="mw-redirect" title="Albawaba">Albawaba</a></i>. 12 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Albawaba&rft.atitle=Sound+familiar%3F+8+foreign+words+that+have+become+as+Arabic+as+ahlan&rft.date=2017-01-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.albawaba.com%2Fslideshow%2Fsound-familiar-8-foreign-words-have-become-arabic-ahlan-924812&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIraqi+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theconversation.com/the-strange-tales-behind-how-some-english-words-found-their-way-into-the-iraqi-dialect-of-arabic-93753">"The strange tales behind how some English words found their way into the Iraqi dialect of Arabic"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Conversation_(website)" title="The Conversation (website)">The Conversation</a></i>. 25 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Conversation&rft.atitle=The+strange+tales+behind+how+some+English+words+found+their+way+into+the+Iraqi+dialect+of+Arabic&rft.date=2018-04-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheconversation.com%2Fthe-strange-tales-behind-how-some-english-words-found-their-way-into-the-iraqi-dialect-of-arabic-93753&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIraqi+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sweets-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sweets_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sweets_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sweets_31-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sweets_31-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoufsRoufs" class="citation book cs1">Roufs, Timothy G.; Roufs, Kathleen Smyth. <i>Sweet Treats Around the World</i>. pp. 179–183.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sweet+Treats+Around+the+World&rft.pages=179-183&rft.aulast=Roufs&rft.aufirst=Timothy+G.&rft.au=Roufs%2C+Kathleen+Smyth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIraqi+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://latimesblogs.latimes.com/babylonbeyond/2008/01/happy-hour-in-i.html">"IRAQ: Happy hour"</a>. January 30, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IRAQ%3A+Happy+hour&rft.date=2008-01-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flatimesblogs.latimes.com%2Fbabylonbeyond%2F2008%2F01%2Fhappy-hour-in-i.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIraqi+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZeed2018" class="citation web cs1">Zeed, Adnan Abu (October 12, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2018/10/new-distillery-opened-in-iraq-despite-pressures.html">"Arak distillery promotes ambitious new brand in defiance of alcohol ban"</a>. <i>Al-Monitor</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al-Monitor&rft.atitle=Arak+distillery+promotes+ambitious+new+brand+in+defiance+of+alcohol+ban&rft.date=2018-10-12&rft.aulast=Zeed&rft.aufirst=Adnan+Abu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.al-monitor.com%2Fpulse%2Foriginals%2F2018%2F10%2Fnew-distillery-opened-in-iraq-despite-pressures.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIraqi+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iraqi_cuisine&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>ʻAlī Akbar Mahdī, (2003) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-ewAe5DwteQC&pg=PA40&dq=Masgouf+iraq&num=30&ei=4u8RSu7nF5vuzQS9wcyQCw#PPA40,M1"><i>Teen life in the Middle East</i></a>, Greenwood Publishing Group, p. 40 -41 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-313-31893-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-313-31893-X">0-313-31893-X</a></li> <li>Jacob, Jeanne; Ashkenazi, Michael. (2007) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LohMBqO3nBYC"><i>The World Cookbook for Students</i></a>, Greenwood Publishing Group p. 1 - 5 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-313-33455-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-313-33455-2">0-313-33455-2</a></li> <li>Nasrallah, Nawal (2003) <i>Delights from the Garden of Eden: A Cookbook and a History of the Iraqi Cuisine</i>, 1stBooks, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4033-4793-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-4033-4793-X">1-4033-4793-X</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iraqi_cuisine&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cuisine_of_Iraq" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Cuisine of Iraq">Cuisine of Iraq</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/40px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/60px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/80px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikibooks <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Cookbook">Cookbook</a> has a recipe/module on <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist" style="margin-left: 1.6em;"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook:Iraqi_cuisine" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Cookbook:Iraqi cuisine"> Iraqi cuisine</a></b></i></li></ul> </div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iraqimage.com/pages/food/index.html">Iraqi Food and Cuisine</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160308043459/http://iraqimage.com/pages/food/index.html">Archived</a> 2016-03-08 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100715081010/http://www.iraqicookbook.com/contents/intro/main.html">Delights from the Garden of Eden - A Cookbook and History of Iraqi Cuisine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/198802/mesopotamian.menus.htm">Ancient Mesopotamian cuisine</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120303164103/http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/198802/mesopotamian.menus.htm">Archived</a> 2012-03-03 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Iraq_topics" title="Template:Iraq topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Iraq_topics" title="Template talk:Iraq topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Iraq_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Iraq topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Iraq&#124;link=Iraq_Iraq_topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="position:relative; bottom:1px;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq"><img alt="Iraq" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/45px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> topics</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="History" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Iraq" title="History of Iraq">History</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Iraq" title="History of Iraq">Chronology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ubaid_period" title="Ubaid period">Ubaid period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hassuna_culture" title="Hassuna culture">Hassuna culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halaf_culture" title="Halaf culture">Halaf culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halaf-Ubaid_Transitional_period" title="Halaf-Ubaid Transitional period">Halaf-Ubaid Transitional period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samarra_culture" title="Samarra culture">Samarra culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruk_period" title="Uruk period">Uruk period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jemdet_Nasr_period" title="Jemdet Nasr period">Jemdet Nasr period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumer" title="Sumer">Sumer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subartu" title="Subartu">Subartu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akkadian_Empire" title="Akkadian Empire">Akkadian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gutian_rule_in_Mesopotamia" title="Gutian rule in Mesopotamia">Gutian dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Dynasty_of_Ur" title="Third Dynasty of Ur">Neo-Sumerian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isin-Larsa_period" title="Isin-Larsa period">Isin-Larsa period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Babylonian_Empire" title="Old Babylonian Empire">First Babylonian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Assyrian_Period" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Assyrian Period">Old Assyrian Period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Assyrian_Empire" title="Middle Assyrian Empire">Middle Assyrian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kassites" title="Kassites">Kassite dynasty of the Babylonian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simurrum" title="Simurrum">Simurrum culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babylonia" title="Babylonia">Babylonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyria" title="Assyria">Assyria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Assyrian_Empire" title="Neo-Assyrian Empire">Neo-Assyrian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Babylonian_Empire" title="Neo-Babylonian Empire">Neo-Babylonian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Babylon" title="Fall of Babylon">Fall of Babylon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Assyria" title="Achaemenid Assyria">Achaemenid Assyria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seleucid_Empire" title="Seleucid Empire">Seleucid Babylonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthian_Empire" title="Parthian Empire">Parthian Babylonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asoristan" title="Asoristan">Sassanid Asorestan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">638–1958</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_conquest_of_Persia" title="Muslim conquest of Persia">Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Umayyad Caliphate">Umayyad Caliphate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphate" title="Abbasid Caliphate">Abbasid Caliphate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buyid_dynasty" title="Buyid dynasty">Buyid dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qara_Qoyunlu" title="Qara Qoyunlu">Qara Qoyunlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aq_Qoyunlu" title="Aq Qoyunlu">Aq Qoyunlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safavid_Iran" title="Safavid Iran">Safavids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Iraq" title="Ottoman Iraq">Ottoman Iraq</a> (incl. <a href="/wiki/Mamluk_dynasty_(Iraq)" title="Mamluk dynasty (Iraq)">Mamluk dynasty</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandate_for_Mesopotamia" title="Mandate for Mesopotamia">Mandate for Mesopotamia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Iraq" title="Mandatory Iraq">Mandatory Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Iraq" title="Kingdom of Iraq">Kingdom of Iraq</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_kings_of_Iraq" title="List of kings of Iraq">Kings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Federation" title="Arab Federation">Arab Federation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Republic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Republic_(1958%E2%80%931968)" title="Iraqi Republic (1958–1968)">1958–1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba%27athist_Iraq" title="Ba'athist Iraq">1968–2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Iraq_(2003%E2%80%932011)" title="Occupation of Iraq (2003–2011)">2003–2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">2011–<span style="font-size:85%;">present</span></a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Socialist_Ba%27ath_Party_%E2%80%93_Iraq_Region" title="Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region">Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ba%27ath_Party_(Iraqi-dominated_faction)" title="Ba'ath Party (Iraqi-dominated faction)">National Command</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saddam_Hussein" title="Saddam Hussein">Saddam Hussein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi%E2%80%93Kurdish_conflict" title="Iraqi–Kurdish conflict">Iraqi–Kurdish conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974%E2%80%9375_Shatt_al-Arab_conflict" title="1974–75 Shatt al-Arab conflict">1974–1975 Shatt al-Arab clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Shia_uprising_in_Iraq" title="1977 Shia uprising in Iraq">1977 Shia uprising in Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979%E2%80%931980_Shia_uprising_in_Iraq" title="1979–1980 Shia uprising in Iraq">1979–1980 Shia uprising in Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction" title="Iraq and weapons of mass destruction">Weapons of mass destruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_War" title="Iran–Iraq War">Iran–Iraq War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Opera" title="Operation Opera">Operation Opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Kuwait" class="mw-redirect" title="Invasion of Kuwait">Invasion of Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Gulf War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1991_Iraqi_uprisings" title="1991 Iraqi uprisings">1991 uprisings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctions_against_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanctions against Iraq">Sanctions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2003_invasion_of_Iraq" title="2003 invasion of Iraq">U.S. invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_insurgency_(2003%E2%80%932011)" title="Iraqi insurgency (2003–2011)">Iraqi insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_of_United_States_troops_from_Iraq_(2007%E2%80%932011)" title="Withdrawal of United States troops from Iraq (2007–2011)">U.S. troop withdrawal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_insurgency_(2011%E2%80%932013)" title="Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013)">Insurgency (2011–2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Iraq_(2013%E2%80%932017)" title="War in Iraq (2013–2017)">War (2014–2017)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Mosul" title="Fall of Mosul">Fall of Mosul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mosul_(2016%E2%80%932017)" title="Battle of Mosul (2016–2017)">Mosul liberation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_State_insurgency_in_Iraq_(2017%E2%80%93present)" title="Islamic State insurgency in Iraq (2017–present)">Insurgency</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2019%E2%80%932021_Iraqi_protests" title="2019–2021 Iraqi protests">2019–2021 protests</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%932022_Iraqi_political_crisis" title="2021–2022 Iraqi political crisis">2021–2022 Iraqi political crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Geography" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Iraq" title="Geography of Iraq">Geography</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Faw_peninsula" title="Al-Faw peninsula">Faw peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Mesopotamia" title="Upper Mesopotamia">Upper Mesopotamia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Mesopotamia" title="Lower Mesopotamia">Lower Mesopotamia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Borders_of_Iraq" title="Template:Borders of Iraq">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphrates" title="Euphrates">Euphrates river</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamrin_Mountains" title="Hamrin Mountains">Hamrin Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Kurdistan" title="Iraqi Kurdistan">Iraqi Kurdistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lakes_of_Iraq" title="Category:Lakes of Iraq">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Iraq" title="List of islands of Iraq">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesopotamian_Marshes" title="Mesopotamian Marshes">Mesopotamian Marshes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf" title="Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Iraq" title="List of places in Iraq">Places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shatt_al-Arab" title="Shatt al-Arab">Shatt al-Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Desert" title="Syrian Desert">Syrian Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tigris" title="Tigris">Tigris river</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umm_Qasr" title="Umm Qasr">Umm Qasr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zagros_Mountains" title="Zagros Mountains">Zagros Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Iraq" title="Wildlife of Iraq">Wildlife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinjar_Mountains" title="Sinjar Mountains">Sinjar Mountains</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Politics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Iraq" title="Politics of Iraq">Politics</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governorates_of_Iraq" title="Governorates of Iraq">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Iraq" title="Constitution of Iraq">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Representatives_of_Iraq" title="Council of Representatives of Iraq">Council of Representatives <span style="font-size:85%;">(legislative)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy_in_Iraq" title="Democracy in Iraq">Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Iraq" title="Elections in Iraq">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_aid_to_Iraq" title="Foreign aid to Iraq">Foreign aid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Iraq" title="Foreign relations of Iraq">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_Iraq" title="Federal government of Iraq">Government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_(Iraq)" title="Council of Ministers (Iraq)">Council of Ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_Council_of_Iraq" title="Presidency Council of Iraq">Presidency Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Iraq" title="President of Iraq">President</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Iraq" title="List of presidents of Iraq">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Iraq" title="Prime Minister of Iraq">Prime Minister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Iraq" title="List of prime ministers of Iraq">List</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Iraq" title="Human rights in Iraq">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_pre-Saddam_Iraq" title="Human rights in pre-Saddam Iraq">in pre-Saddam Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Saddam_Hussein%27s_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="Human rights in Saddam Hussein's Iraq">in Saddam Hussein's Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_post-invasion_Iraq" title="Human rights in post-invasion Iraq">in post-invasion Iraq</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Islamic_State-controlled_territory" title="Human rights in Islamic State-controlled territory">in ISIL-controlled territory</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Iraq">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_Iraq" title="Freedom of religion in Iraq">Freedom of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Iraq" title="Women in Iraq">Women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Iraq" title="Law of Iraq">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Armed_Forces" title="Iraqi Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Police" title="Iraqi Police">Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Iraq" title="List of political parties in Iraq">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Iraq" title="Judiciary of Iraq">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wars_involving_Iraq" title="List of wars involving Iraq">Wars and conflicts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Economy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Iraq" title="Economy of Iraq">Economy</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_banks_in_Iraq" title="List of banks in Iraq">Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Iraq" title="Central Bank of Iraq">Central Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Iraq" title="List of companies of Iraq">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Iraq" title="Corruption in Iraq">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_dinar" title="Iraqi dinar">Dinar <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infrastructure_of_Iraq" title="Infrastructure of Iraq">Infrastructure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investment_in_post-invasion_Iraq" title="Investment in post-invasion Iraq">Foreign Investment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_industry_in_Iraq" title="Petroleum industry in Iraq">Oil Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_reserves_in_Iraq" title="Oil reserves in Iraq">Oil reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investment_in_post-invasion_Iraq" title="Investment in post-invasion Iraq">Reconstruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq_Stock_Exchange" title="Iraq Stock Exchange">Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Iraq" title="Telecommunications in Iraq">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Iraq" title="Transport in Iraq">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airlines_of_Iraq" title="List of airlines of Iraq">Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Republic_Railways" title="Iraqi Republic Railways">Railways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Iraq" title="Tourism in Iraq">Tourism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Society" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Iraq" title="Category:Society of Iraq">Society</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Iraq" title="Demographics of Iraq">Demographics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iraqis" title="Iraqis">Iraqis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Iraq" title="Languages of Iraq">Languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mesopotamian_Arabic" title="Mesopotamian Arabic">Mesopotamian Arabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Aramaic_languages" title="Neo-Aramaic languages">Aramaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_language" title="Kurdish language">Kurdish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Turkmen#Language" title="Iraqi Turkmen">Iraqi Turkmen/Turkoman dialects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minorities_in_Iraq" title="Minorities in Iraq">Minorities</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Armenians" title="Iraqi Armenians">Armenians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_people" title="Assyrian people">Assyrians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circassians_in_Iraq" title="Circassians in Iraq">Circassians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurds_in_Iraq" title="Kurds in Iraq">Kurds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandaeans" title="Mandaeans">Mandaeans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marsh_Arabs" title="Marsh Arabs">Marsh Arabs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajam_of_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="Ajam of Iraq">Persians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solluba" title="Solluba">Solluba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Turkmen" title="Iraqi Turkmen">Iraqi Turkmen</a>/Turkoman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Iraq" title="History of the Jews in Iraq">Jews</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Iraq" title="Religion in Iraq">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secularism_in_Iraq" title="Secularism in Iraq">Secularism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Iraq" title="Islam in Iraq">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Iraq" title="Christianity in Iraq">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandaeism" title="Mandaeism">Mandaeism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yazidis" title="Yazidis">Yazidis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irreligion_in_Iraq" title="Irreligion in Iraq">Irreligion</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_art" title="Iraqi art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Iraq" title="Cinema of Iraq">Cinema</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Iraq" title="Culture of Iraq">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Iraq">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Iraq" title="Education in Iraq">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Iraq" title="Health in Iraq">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Iraq" title="Mass media in Iraq">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Iraq" title="Television in Iraq">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Iraq" title="Music of Iraq">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoking_in_Iraq" title="Smoking in Iraq">Smoking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Iraq" title="Sport in Iraq">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squatting_in_Iraq" title="Squatting in Iraq">Squatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Iraq" title="Public holidays in Iraq">Public holidays</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akitu" title="Akitu">Mesopotamian spring festival (Akitu)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dehwa_Rabba" title="Dehwa Rabba">Mandaean New Year</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Iraq" title="Category:Iraq">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Iraq" title="Portal:Iraq">Portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WikiProject"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Iraq" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Iraq">WikiProject</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Iraq" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Iraq">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Asian_cuisine" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Asian_topic" title="Template:Asian topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Asian_topic" title="Template talk:Asian topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Asian_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Asian topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Asian_cuisine" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Asian_cuisine" title="Asian cuisine">Asian cuisine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_cuisine" title="Afghan cuisine">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_cuisine" title="Armenian cuisine">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_cuisine" title="Azerbaijani cuisine">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahraini_cuisine" title="Bahraini cuisine">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_cuisine" title="Bangladeshi cuisine">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhutanese_cuisine" title="Bhutanese cuisine">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruneian_cuisine" title="Bruneian cuisine">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_cuisine" title="Burmese cuisine">Burma (Myanmar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian_cuisine" title="Cambodian cuisine">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_cuisine" title="Chinese cuisine">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypriot_cuisine" title="Cypriot cuisine">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Timorese_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="East Timorese cuisine">East Timor (Timor-Leste)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_cuisine" title="Egyptian cuisine">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_cuisine" title="Georgian cuisine">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_cuisine" title="Indian cuisine">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_cuisine" title="Indonesian cuisine">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_cuisine" title="Iranian cuisine">Iran</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_cuisine" title="Israeli cuisine">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_cuisine" title="Japanese cuisine">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian_cuisine" title="Jordanian cuisine">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_cuisine" title="Kazakh cuisine">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korean_cuisine" title="North Korean cuisine">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korean_cuisine" title="South Korean cuisine">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwaiti_cuisine" title="Kuwaiti cuisine">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_cuisine" title="Kyrgyz cuisine">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laotian_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Laotian cuisine">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_cuisine" title="Lebanese cuisine">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_cuisine" title="Malaysian cuisine">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldivian_cuisine" title="Maldivian cuisine">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_cuisine" title="Mongolian cuisine">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_cuisine" title="Nepalese cuisine">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omani_cuisine" title="Omani cuisine">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_cuisine" title="Pakistani cuisine">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine cuisine">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatari_cuisine" title="Qatari cuisine">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_cuisine" title="Russian cuisine">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_cuisine" title="Saudi Arabian cuisine">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singaporean_cuisine" title="Singaporean cuisine">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_cuisine" title="Sri Lankan cuisine">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_cuisine" title="Syrian cuisine">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajik_cuisine" title="Tajik cuisine">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_cuisine" title="Thai cuisine">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_cuisine" title="Turkish cuisine">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_cuisine" title="Turkmen cuisine">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirati_cuisine" title="Emirati cuisine">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_cuisine" title="Uzbek cuisine">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_cuisine" title="Vietnamese cuisine">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_cuisine" title="Yemeni cuisine">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">States with limited<br />recognition</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhaz_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Abkhaz cuisine">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Cypriot_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish Cypriot cuisine">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_cuisine" title="Palestinian cuisine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Ossetian_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="South Ossetian cuisine">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_cuisine" title="Taiwanese cuisine">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Dependencies and<br />other territories</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Indian_Ocean_Territory_cuisine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="British Indian Ocean Territory cuisine (page does not exist)">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Island_cuisine" title="Christmas Island cuisine">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands_cuisine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands cuisine (page does not exist)">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_cuisine" title="Hong Kong cuisine">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macanese_cuisine" title="Macanese cuisine">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Middle_Eastern_cuisine" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Middle_Eastern_cuisine" title="Template:Middle Eastern cuisine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Middle_Eastern_cuisine" title="Template talk:Middle Eastern cuisine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Middle_Eastern_cuisine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Middle Eastern cuisine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Middle_Eastern_cuisine" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Middle_Eastern_cuisine" title="Middle Eastern cuisine">Middle Eastern cuisine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arab_cuisine" title="Arab cuisine">Arab</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahraini_cuisine" title="Bahraini cuisine">Bahraini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_cuisine" title="Egyptian cuisine">Egyptian</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Iraqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian_cuisine" title="Jordanian cuisine">Jordanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwaiti_cuisine" title="Kuwaiti cuisine">Kuwaiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_cuisine" title="Lebanese cuisine">Lebanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omani_cuisine" title="Omani cuisine">Omani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_cuisine" title="Palestinian cuisine">Palestinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatari_cuisine" title="Qatari cuisine">Qatari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_cuisine" title="Saudi Arabian cuisine">Saudi Arabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_cuisine" title="Syrian cuisine">Syrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirati_cuisine" title="Emirati cuisine">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_cuisine" title="Yemeni cuisine">Yemeni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-Arab</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cypriot_cuisine" title="Cypriot cuisine">Cypriot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_cuisine" title="Iranian cuisine">Iranian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_cuisine" title="Israeli cuisine">Israeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_cuisine" title="Turkish cuisine">Turkish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ethnic and religious</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_cuisine" title="Assyrian cuisine">Assyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_cuisine" title="Azerbaijani cuisine">Azerbaijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balochi_cuisine" title="Balochi cuisine">Baloch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_cuisine" title="Caspian cuisine">Caspian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Arabian_cuisine" title="Eastern Arabian cuisine">Eastern Arabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_cuisine" title="Jewish cuisine">Jewish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_cuisine" title="Kurdish cuisine">Kurdish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levantine_cuisine" title="Levantine cuisine">Levantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontic_Greek_cuisine" title="Pontic Greek cuisine">Pontic Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_cuisine" title="Turkmen cuisine">Turkmen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related cuisines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_cuisine" title="Afghan cuisine">Afghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_cuisine" title="Armenian cuisine">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_cuisine" title="Balkan cuisine">Balkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasian_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Caucasian cuisine">Caucasian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Asian_cuisine" title="Central Asian cuisine">Central Asian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_cuisine" title="Georgian cuisine">Georgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_cuisine" title="Greek cuisine">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_cuisine" title="Indian cuisine">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maghrebi_cuisine" title="Maghrebi cuisine">Maghrebi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_cuisine" title="Pakistani cuisine">Pakistani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashtun_cuisine" title="Pashtun cuisine">Pashtun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_cuisine" title="Sudanese cuisine">Sudanese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cuisines" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cuisines" title="Template:Cuisines"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cuisines" title="Template talk:Cuisines"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cuisines" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cuisines"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cuisines" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cuisine" title="Cuisine">Cuisines</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Continental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_cuisine" title="African cuisine">African</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maghrebi_cuisine" title="Maghrebi cuisine">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_African_cuisine" title="West African cuisine">West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African_cuisines" title="List of African cuisines">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Americas" title="Cuisine of the Americas">Americas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_cuisine" title="Caribbean cuisine">Caribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_cuisine" title="North American cuisine">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_American_cuisine" title="South American cuisine">South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cuisines_of_the_Americas" title="List of cuisines of the Americas">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_cuisine" title="Asian cuisine">Asian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dishes_from_the_Caucasus" title="List of dishes from the Caucasus">Caucasian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Asian_cuisine" title="Central Asian cuisine">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levantine_cuisine" title="Levantine cuisine">Levantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_cuisine" title="South Asian cuisine">South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Asian_cuisines" title="List of Asian cuisines">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_cuisine" title="European cuisine">European</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_cuisine" title="Balkan cuisine">Balkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_European_cuisine" title="Central European cuisine">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_European_cuisine" title="Eastern European cuisine">Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_cuisines" title="List of European cuisines">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanian_cuisine" title="Oceanian cuisine">Oceanian</a></li> <li>Intercontinental <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Global_cuisine" title="Global cuisine">Global</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_American_cuisine" title="Latin American cuisine">Latin American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_cuisine" title="Mediterranean cuisine">Mediterranean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Eastern_cuisine" title="Middle Eastern cuisine">Middle Eastern</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_dish" title="National dish">National</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Regional_cuisine" title="Regional cuisine">regional</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_cuisine" title="Afghan cuisine">Afghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_cuisine" title="Albanian cuisine">Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_cuisine" title="Algerian cuisine">Algerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_cuisine" title="American cuisine">American</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_cuisine" title="California cuisine">Californian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floribbean_cuisine" title="Floribbean cuisine">Floribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Hawaii" title="Cuisine of Hawaii">Hawaiian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowcountry_cuisine" title="Lowcountry cuisine">Lowcountry (South Carolina)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Midwestern_United_States" title="Cuisine of the Midwestern United States">Midwestern US</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_New_England" title="Cuisine of New England">New English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Mexican_cuisine" title="New Mexican cuisine">New Mexican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Northwest_cuisine" title="Pacific Northwest cuisine">Pacific Northwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rican_cuisine" title="Puerto Rican cuisine">Puerto Rican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Southern_United_States" title="Cuisine of the Southern United States">Southern US</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Southwestern_United_States" title="Cuisine of the Southwestern United States">Southwestern US</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texan_cuisine" title="Texan cuisine">Texan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angolan_cuisine" title="Angolan cuisine">Angolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_cuisine" title="Argentine cuisine">Argentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_cuisine" title="Armenian cuisine">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_cuisine" title="Australian cuisine">Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_cuisine" title="Austrian cuisine">Austrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_cuisine" title="Azerbaijani cuisine">Azerbaijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahraini_cuisine" title="Bahraini cuisine">Bahraini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_cuisine" title="Bangladeshi cuisine">Bangladeshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbadian_cuisine" title="Barbadian cuisine">Barbadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_cuisine" title="Belarusian cuisine">Belarusian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_cuisine" title="Belgian cuisine">Belgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belizean_cuisine" title="Belizean cuisine">Belizean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benin_cuisine" title="Benin cuisine">Beninese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhutanese_cuisine" title="Bhutanese cuisine">Bhutanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivian_cuisine" title="Bolivian cuisine">Bolivian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_cuisine" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina cuisine">Bosnian-Herzegovinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana_cuisine" title="Botswana cuisine">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_cuisine" title="Brazilian cuisine">Brazilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_cuisine" title="British cuisine">British</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anguillian_cuisine" title="Anguillian cuisine">Anguillia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channel_Islands_cuisine" title="Channel Islands cuisine">Channel Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_cuisine" title="English cuisine">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltarian_cuisine" title="Gibraltarian cuisine">Gibraltarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Irish_cuisine" title="Northern Irish cuisine">Northern Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Saint_Helena" title="Cuisine of Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_cuisine" title="Scottish cuisine">Scottish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_cuisine" title="Welsh cuisine">Welsh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruneian_cuisine" title="Bruneian cuisine">Bruneian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_cuisine" title="Bulgarian cuisine">Bulgarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burkinabe_cuisine" title="Burkinabe cuisine">Burkinabé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_cuisine" title="Burmese cuisine">Burmese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burundian_cuisine" title="Burundian cuisine">Burundian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian_cuisine" title="Cambodian cuisine">Cambodian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroonian_cuisine" title="Cameroonian cuisine">Cameroonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_cuisine" title="Canadian cuisine">Canadian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acadian_cuisine" title="Acadian cuisine">Acadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Quebec" title="Cuisine of Quebec">Québécois</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Cuisine of the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chadian_cuisine" title="Chadian cuisine">Chadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_cuisine" title="Chilean cuisine">Chilean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_cuisine" title="Chinese cuisine">Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_cuisine" title="Beijing cuisine">Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantonese_cuisine" title="Cantonese cuisine">Cantonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_cuisine" title="Hong Kong cuisine">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macanese_cuisine" title="Macanese cuisine">Macanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shandong_cuisine" title="Shandong cuisine">Shandong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sichuan_cuisine" title="Sichuan cuisine">Sichuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_cuisine" title="Tibetan cuisine">Tibetan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uyghur_cuisine" title="Uyghur cuisine">Xinjiang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_cuisine" title="Colombian cuisine">Colombian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congolese_cuisine" title="Congolese cuisine">Congolese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_cuisine" title="Croatian cuisine">Croatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_cuisine" title="Cuban cuisine">Cuban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypriot_cuisine" title="Cypriot cuisine">Cypriot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_cuisine" title="Czech cuisine">Czech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_cuisine" title="Danish cuisine">Danish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Faroese_cuisine" title="Faroese cuisine">Faroese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenlandic_cuisine" title="Greenlandic cuisine">Greenlandic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djiboutian_cuisine" title="Djiboutian cuisine">Djiboutian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominica_cuisine" title="Dominica cuisine">Dominican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic_cuisine" title="Dominican Republic cuisine">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_cuisine" title="Dutch cuisine">Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_East_Timor" title="Cuisine of East Timor">East Timorese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecuadorian_cuisine" title="Ecuadorian cuisine">Ecuadorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_cuisine" title="Egyptian cuisine">Egyptian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirati_cuisine" title="Emirati cuisine">Emirati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Equatorial_Guinea" title="Cuisine of Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrean_cuisine" title="Eritrean cuisine">Eritrean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_cuisine" title="Estonian cuisine">Estonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_cuisine" title="Ethiopian cuisine">Ethiopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fijian_cuisine" title="Fijian cuisine">Fijian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_cuisine" title="Filipino cuisine">Filipino</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kapampangan_cuisine" title="Kapampangan cuisine">Kapampangan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_cuisine" title="Finnish cuisine">Finnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_cuisine" title="French cuisine">French</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Corsica" title="Cuisine of Corsica">Corsican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_R%C3%A9union" title="Cuisine of Réunion">La Réunion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Guianan_cuisine" title="French Guianan cuisine">French Guianan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occitan_cuisine" title="Occitan cuisine">Occitan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabonese_cuisine" title="Gabonese cuisine">Gabonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambian_cuisine" title="Gambian cuisine">Gambian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_cuisine" title="Georgian cuisine">Georgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_cuisine" title="German cuisine">German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghanaian_cuisine" title="Ghanaian cuisine">Ghanaian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_cuisine" title="Greek cuisine">Greek</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cretan_cuisine" title="Cretan cuisine">Cretan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epirotic_cuisine" title="Epirotic cuisine">Epirotic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Macedonian_cuisine" title="Greek Macedonian cuisine">Greek Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Ionian_Islands" title="Cuisine of the Ionian Islands">Heptanesean</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guatemalan_cuisine" title="Guatemalan cuisine">Guatemalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissauan_cuisine" title="Guinea-Bissauan cuisine">Guinea-Bissauan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Guinea" title="Cuisine of Guinea">Guinean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_cuisine" title="Haitian cuisine">Haitian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honduran_cuisine" title="Honduran cuisine">Honduran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_cuisine" title="Hungarian cuisine">Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_cuisine" title="Icelandic cuisine">Icelandic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_cuisine" title="Indian cuisine">Indian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andhra_cuisine" title="Andhra cuisine">Andhra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arunachali_cuisine" title="Arunachali cuisine">Arunachali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assamese_cuisine" title="Assamese cuisine">Assamese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_cuisine" title="Bengali cuisine">Bengali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bihari_cuisine" title="Bihari cuisine">Bihari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhattisgarhi_cuisine" title="Chhattisgarhi cuisine">Chhattisgarhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goan_cuisine" title="Goan cuisine">Goan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gujarati_cuisine" title="Gujarati cuisine">Gujarati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryanvi_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Haryanvi cuisine">Haryanvi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashmiri_cuisine" title="Kashmiri cuisine">Kashmiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jharkhandi_cuisine" title="Jharkhandi cuisine">Jharkhandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnataka_cuisine" title="Karnataka cuisine">Karnataka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_cuisine" title="Kerala cuisine">Kerala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharashtrian_cuisine" title="Maharashtrian cuisine">Maharashtrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manipuri_cuisine" title="Manipuri cuisine">Manipuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meghalayan_cuisine" title="Meghalayan cuisine">Meghalayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizo_cuisine" title="Mizo cuisine">Mizo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naga_cuisine" title="Naga cuisine">Naga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odia_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Odia cuisine">Odia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_cuisine" title="Punjabi cuisine">Punjabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajasthani_cuisine" title="Rajasthani cuisine">Rajasthani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikkimese_cuisine" title="Sikkimese cuisine">Sikkimese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_cuisine" title="Sindhi cuisine">Sindhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_cuisine" title="Tamil cuisine">Tamil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telangana_cuisine" title="Telangana cuisine">Telangana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripuri_cuisine" title="Tripuri cuisine">Tripuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh_cuisine" title="Uttar Pradesh cuisine">Uttar Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttarakhandi_cuisine" title="Uttarakhandi cuisine">Uttarakhandi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_cuisine" title="Indonesian cuisine">Indonesian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acehnese_cuisine" title="Acehnese cuisine">Acehnese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_cuisine" title="Balinese cuisine">Balinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banjar_cuisine" title="Banjar cuisine">Banjar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batak_cuisine" title="Batak cuisine">Batak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betawi_cuisine" title="Betawi cuisine">Betawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorontalo_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorontalo cuisine">Gorontalese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo_cuisine" title="Indo cuisine">Indo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javanese_cuisine" title="Javanese cuisine">Javanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madurese_cuisine" title="Madurese cuisine">Madurese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makassar_cuisine" title="Makassar cuisine">Makassar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minahasan_cuisine" title="Minahasan cuisine">Minahasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padang_cuisine" title="Padang cuisine">Minangkabau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palembang_cuisine" title="Palembang cuisine">Palembangese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundanese_cuisine" title="Sundanese cuisine">Sundanese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_cuisine" title="Iranian cuisine">Iranian</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Iraqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_cuisine" title="Irish cuisine">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_cuisine" title="Israeli cuisine">Israeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_cuisine" title="Italian cuisine">Italian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Abruzzo" title="Cuisine of Abruzzo">Abruzzese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apulian_cuisine" title="Apulian cuisine">Apulian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Liguria" title="Cuisine of Liguria">Ligurian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lombard_cuisine" title="Lombard cuisine">Lombard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Basilicata" title="Cuisine of Basilicata">Lucanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neapolitan_cuisine" title="Neapolitan cuisine">Neapolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piedmontese_cuisine" title="Piedmontese cuisine">Piedmontese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_cuisine" title="Roman cuisine">Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Sardinia" title="Cuisine of Sardinia">Sardinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicilian_cuisine" title="Sicilian cuisine">Sicilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuscan_food" title="Tuscan food">Tuscan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Veneto" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine of Veneto">Venetian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivorian_cuisine" title="Ivorian cuisine">Ivorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaican_cuisine" title="Jamaican cuisine">Jamaican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_cuisine" title="Japanese cuisine">Japanese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Okinawan_cuisine" title="Okinawan cuisine">Okinawan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian_cuisine" title="Jordanian cuisine">Jordanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_cuisine" title="Kazakh cuisine">Kazakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenyan_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Kenyan cuisine">Kenyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_cuisine" title="Korean cuisine">Korean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Korean_cuisine" title="North Korean cuisine">North Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korean_cuisine" title="South Korean cuisine">South Korean</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovan_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosovan cuisine">Kosovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwaiti_cuisine" title="Kuwaiti cuisine">Kuwaiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_cuisine" title="Kyrgyz cuisine">Kyrgyz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lao_cuisine" title="Lao cuisine">Lao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_cuisine" title="Latvian cuisine">Latvian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_cuisine" title="Lebanese cuisine">Lebanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Lesotho" title="Cuisine of Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberian_cuisine" title="Liberian cuisine">Liberian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_cuisine" title="Libyan cuisine">Libyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein_cuisine" title="Liechtenstein cuisine">Liechtensteiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_cuisine" title="Lithuanian cuisine">Lithuanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Luxembourg" title="Cuisine of Luxembourg">Luxembourgish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_cuisine" title="Macedonian cuisine">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malagasy_cuisine" title="Malagasy cuisine">Malagasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malawian_cuisine" title="Malawian cuisine">Malawian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_cuisine" title="Malaysian cuisine">Malaysian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sabahan_cuisine" title="Sabahan cuisine">Sabahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarawakian_cuisine" title="Sarawakian cuisine">Sarawakian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldivian_cuisine" title="Maldivian cuisine">Maldivian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malian_cuisine" title="Malian cuisine">Malian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maltese_cuisine" title="Maltese cuisine">Maltese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshallese_cuisine" title="Marshallese cuisine">Marshallese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritanian_cuisine" title="Mauritanian cuisine">Mauritanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritian_cuisine" title="Mauritian cuisine">Mauritian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_cuisine" title="Mexican cuisine">Mexican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldovan_cuisine" title="Moldovan cuisine">Moldovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mon%C3%A9gasque_cuisine" title="Monégasque cuisine">Monégasque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_cuisine" title="Mongolian cuisine">Mongolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_cuisine" title="Montenegrin cuisine">Montenegrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroccan_cuisine" title="Moroccan cuisine">Moroccan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambican_cuisine" title="Mozambican cuisine">Mozambican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibian_cuisine" title="Namibian cuisine">Namibian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauruan_cuisine" title="Nauruan cuisine">Nauruan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_cuisine" title="Nepalese cuisine">Nepalese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_cuisine" title="New Zealand cuisine">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicaraguan_cuisine" title="Nicaraguan cuisine">Nicaraguan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Niger" title="Cuisine of Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_cuisine" title="Nigerian cuisine">Nigerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niuean_cuisine" title="Niuean cuisine">Niuean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_cuisine" title="Norwegian cuisine">Norwegian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omani_cuisine" title="Omani cuisine">Omani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_cuisine" title="Pakistani cuisine">Pakistani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_cuisine" title="Palestinian cuisine">Palestinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panamanian_cuisine" title="Panamanian cuisine">Panamanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinean_cuisine" title="Papua New Guinean cuisine">Papua New Guinean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_cuisine" title="Paraguayan cuisine">Paraguayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_cuisine" title="Peruvian cuisine">Peruvian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_cuisine" title="Polish cuisine">Polish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_cuisine" title="Portuguese cuisine">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatari_cuisine" title="Qatari cuisine">Qatari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_cuisine" title="Romanian cuisine">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_cuisine" title="Russian cuisine">Russian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bashkir_cuisine" title="Bashkir cuisine">Bashkir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chechen_cuisine" title="Chechen cuisine">Chechen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circassian_cuisine" title="Circassian cuisine">Circassian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cossack_cuisine" title="Cossack cuisine">Cossack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komi_cuisine" title="Komi cuisine">Komi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mordovian_cuisine" title="Mordovian cuisine">Mordovian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakha_cuisine" title="Sakha cuisine">Sakha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatar_cuisine" title="Tatar cuisine">Tatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udmurt_cuisine" title="Udmurt cuisine">Udmurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamal_cuisine" title="Yamal cuisine">Yamal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rwandan_cuisine" title="Rwandan cuisine">Rwandan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucian_cuisine" title="Saint Lucian cuisine">Saint Lucian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvadoran_cuisine" title="Salvadoran cuisine">Salvadoran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammarinese_cuisine" title="Sammarinese cuisine">Sammarinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Cuisine of São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_cuisine" title="Saudi Arabian cuisine">Saudi Arabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegalese_cuisine" title="Senegalese cuisine">Senegalese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_cuisine" title="Serbian cuisine">Serbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seychellois_cuisine" title="Seychellois cuisine">Seychellois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leonean_cuisine" title="Sierra Leonean cuisine">Sierra Leonean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singaporean_cuisine" title="Singaporean cuisine">Singaporean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_cuisine" title="Slovak cuisine">Slovak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_cuisine" title="Slovenian cuisine">Slovenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_cuisine" title="Somali cuisine">Somali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_cuisine" title="South African cuisine">South African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_cuisine" title="Spanish cuisine">Spanish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andalusian_cuisine" title="Andalusian cuisine">Andalusian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asturian_cuisine" title="Asturian cuisine">Asturian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balearic_cuisine" title="Balearic cuisine">Balearic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basque_cuisine" title="Basque cuisine">Basque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canarian_cuisine" title="Canarian cuisine">Canarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantabrian_cuisine" title="Cantabrian cuisine">Cantabrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_cuisine" title="Catalan cuisine">Catalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extremaduran_cuisine" title="Extremaduran cuisine">Extremaduran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galician_cuisine" title="Galician cuisine">Galician</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchego_cuisine" title="Manchego cuisine">Manchegan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valencian_cuisine" title="Valencian cuisine">Valencian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_cuisine" title="Sri Lankan cuisine">Sri Lankan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_cuisine" title="Sudanese cuisine">Sudanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Eswatini" title="Cuisine of Eswatini">Swazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_cuisine" title="Swedish cuisine">Swedish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_cuisine" title="Swiss cuisine">Swiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_cuisine" title="Syrian cuisine">Syrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_cuisine" title="Taiwanese cuisine">Taiwanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajik_cuisine" title="Tajik cuisine">Tajik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzanian_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanzanian cuisine">Tanzanian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zanzibari_cuisine" title="Zanzibari cuisine">Zanzibari</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_cuisine" title="Thai cuisine">Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togolese_cuisine" title="Togolese cuisine">Togolese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_cuisine" title="Tunisian cuisine">Tunisian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_cuisine" title="Turkish cuisine">Turkish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_cuisine" title="Turkmen cuisine">Turkmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuvaluan_cuisine" title="Tuvaluan cuisine">Tuvaluan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago_cuisine" title="Trinidad and Tobago cuisine">Trinidadian and Tobagonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugandan_cuisine" title="Ugandan cuisine">Ugandan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_cuisine" title="Ukrainian cuisine">Ukrainian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguayan_cuisine" title="Uruguayan cuisine">Uruguayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_cuisine" title="Uzbek cuisine">Uzbek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanuatuan_cuisine" title="Vanuatuan cuisine">Vanuatuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_cuisine" title="Venezuelan cuisine">Venezuelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_cuisine" title="Vietnamese cuisine">Vietnamese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Saharan_cuisine" title="Western Saharan cuisine">Western Saharan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_cuisine" title="Yemeni cuisine">Yemeni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambian_cuisine" title="Zambian cuisine">Zambian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwean_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Zimbabwean cuisine">Zimbabwean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ethnic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soul_food" title="Soul food">African American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ainu_cuisine" title="Ainu cuisine">Ainu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_cuisine" title="Arab cuisine">Arab</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Indonesian_cuisine" title="Arab Indonesian cuisine">Arab-Indonesian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aromanian_cuisine" title="Aromanian cuisine">Aromanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_cuisine" title="Assyrian cuisine">Assyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balochi_cuisine" title="Balochi cuisine">Balochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berber_cuisine" title="Berber cuisine">Berber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buryat_cuisine" title="Buryat cuisine">Buryat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cajun_cuisine" title="Cajun cuisine">Cajun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_cuisine" title="Chinese cuisine">Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Chinese_cuisine" title="American Chinese cuisine">American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Chinese_cuisine" title="Australian Chinese cuisine">Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Chinese_cuisine" title="British Chinese cuisine">British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian_Chinese_cuisine" title="Cambodian Chinese cuisine">Cambodian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Chinese_cuisine" title="Canadian Chinese cuisine">Canadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_Chinese_cuisine" title="Filipino Chinese cuisine">Filipino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Chinese_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Chinese cuisine">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Indonesian_cuisine" title="Chinese Indonesian cuisine">Indonesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Chinese_cuisine" title="Malaysian Chinese cuisine">Malaysian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_Chinese_cuisine" title="Pakistani Chinese cuisine">Pakistani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chifa" title="Chifa">Peruvian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_cuisine" title="Crimean Tatar cuisine">Crimean Tatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gagauz_cuisine" title="Gagauz cuisine">Gagauz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek-American_cuisine" title="Greek-American cuisine">Greek-American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazaragi_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Hazaragi cuisine">Hazaragi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hmong_cuisine" title="Hmong cuisine">Hmong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_cuisine" title="Indian cuisine">Indian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Indian_cuisine" title="Anglo-Indian cuisine">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Indonesian_cuisine" title="Indian Indonesian cuisine">Indonesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Indian_cuisine" title="Malaysian Indian cuisine">Malaysian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Indian_cuisine" title="North Indian cuisine">North Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Indian_cuisine" title="South Indian cuisine">South Indian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_cuisine_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous cuisine of the Americas">Indigenous American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bush_tucker" title="Bush tucker">Indigenous Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inuit_cuisine" title="Inuit cuisine">Inuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian-American_cuisine" title="Italian-American cuisine">Italian American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_cuisine" title="Jewish cuisine">Jewish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Jewish_cuisine" title="American Jewish cuisine">American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashkenazi_Jewish_cuisine" title="Ashkenazi Jewish cuisine">Ashkenazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukharan_Jewish_cuisine" title="Bukharan Jewish cuisine">Bukharan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Jewish_cuisine" title="Ethiopian Jewish cuisine">Ethiopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizrahi_Jewish_cuisine" title="Mizrahi Jewish cuisine">Mizrahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroccan_Jewish_cuisine" title="Moroccan Jewish cuisine">Moroccan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sephardic_Jewish_cuisine" title="Sephardic Jewish cuisine">Sephardic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Jewish_cuisine" title="Syrian Jewish cuisine">Syrian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_cuisine" title="Kurdish cuisine">Kurdish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livonian_cuisine" title="Livonian cuisine">Livonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Creole_cuisine" title="Louisiana Creole cuisine">Louisiana Creole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_cuisine" title="Malay cuisine">Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossetian_cuisine" title="Ossetian cuisine">Ossetian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parsi_cuisine" title="Parsi cuisine">Parsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashtun_cuisine" title="Pashtun cuisine">Pashtun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Pennsylvania_Dutch" title="Cuisine of the Pennsylvania Dutch">Pennsylvania Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peranakan_cuisine" title="Peranakan cuisine">Peranakan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontic_Greek_cuisine" title="Pontic Greek cuisine">Pontic Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_cuisine" title="Romani cuisine">Romani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1mi_cuisine" title="Sámi cuisine">Sámi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tex-Mex" title="Tex-Mex">Tejano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transylvanian_Saxon_cuisine" title="Transylvanian Saxon cuisine">Transylvanian Saxon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yup%27ik_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Yup'ik cuisine">Yup'ik</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_cuisine" title="Buddhist cuisine">Buddhist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_dietary_laws" title="Christian dietary laws">Christian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goan_Catholic_cuisine" title="Goan Catholic cuisine">Goan Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangalorean_Catholic_cuisine" title="Mangalorean Catholic cuisine">Mangalorean Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mennonite_cuisine" title="Mennonite cuisine">Mennonite</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diet_in_Hinduism" title="Diet in Hinduism">Hindu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_dietary_laws" title="Islamic dietary laws">Islamic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Islamic_cuisine" title="Chinese Islamic cuisine">Chinese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ital" title="Ital">Ital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_vegetarianism" title="Jain vegetarianism">Jain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashrut" title="Kashrut">Kashrut</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kosher_food" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosher food">Kosher food</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritual_slaughter" title="Ritual slaughter">Ritual slaughter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diet_in_Sikhism" title="Diet in Sikhism">Sikh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_historical_cuisines" title="List of historical cuisines">Historical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_cuisine" title="Ancient Egyptian cuisine">Ancient Egyptian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_cuisine" title="Ancient Greek cuisine">Ancient Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Israelite_cuisine" title="Ancient Israelite cuisine">Ancient Israelite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Roman_cuisine" title="Ancient Roman cuisine">Ancient Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Antebellum_America" title="Cuisine of Antebellum America">Antebellum America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aztec_cuisine" title="Aztec cuisine">Aztec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_cuisine" title="Byzantine cuisine">Byzantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_modern_European_cuisine" title="Early modern European cuisine">Early modern European</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Argentine_cuisine" title="History of Argentine cuisine">Historical Argentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chinese_cuisine" title="History of Chinese cuisine">Historical Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Indian_cuisine" title="History of Indian cuisine">Historical Indian subcontinent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Japanese_cuisine" title="History of Japanese cuisine">Historical Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origins_of_North_Indian_and_Pakistani_foods" title="Origins of North Indian and Pakistani foods">Historical North Indian and Pakistani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_agriculture" title="History of agriculture">History of agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_alcoholic_drinks" title="History of alcoholic drinks">History of alcoholic drinks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_bread" title="History of bread">History of bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_seafood" title="History of seafood">History of seafood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_vegetarianism" title="History of vegetarianism">History of vegetarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hittite_cuisine" title="Hittite cuisine">Hittite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inca_cuisine" title="Inca cuisine">Inca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Maya_cuisine" title="Ancient Maya cuisine">Mayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_cuisine" title="Muisca cuisine">Muisca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mughlai_cuisine" title="Mughlai cuisine">Mughal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_cuisine" title="Medieval cuisine">Medieval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_cuisine" title="Ottoman cuisine">Ottoman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peasant_foods" title="Peasant foods">Peasant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_cuisine_of_Hawaii" title="Native cuisine of Hawaii">Pre-contact Hawaiian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_royal_court_cuisine" title="Korean royal court cuisine">Korean royal court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_and_the_Scottish_royal_household" title="Food and the Scottish royal household">Scottish royal household</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_cuisine" title="Soviet cuisine">Soviet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Thirteen_Colonies" title="Cuisine of the Thirteen Colonies">Thirteen Colonies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Styles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_classique" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine classique">Classique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_food" title="Fast food">Fast food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fusion_cuisine" title="Fusion cuisine">Fusion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_American_cuisine" title="New American cuisine">New American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_cuisine_of_Singapore_and_Malaysia" title="Eurasian cuisine of Singapore and Malaysia">Eurasian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haute_cuisine" title="Haute cuisine">Haute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molecular_gastronomy" title="Molecular gastronomy">Molecular gastronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Note_by_Note_cuisine" title="Note by Note cuisine">Note by Note</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nouvelle_cuisine" title="Nouvelle cuisine">Nouvelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarian_cuisine" title="Vegetarian cuisine">Vegetarian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cuisines" title="List of cuisines">List of cuisines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_historical_cuisines" title="List of historical cuisines">List of historical cuisines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_foods" title="Lists of foods">Lists of foods</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_prepared_foods" title="Lists of prepared foods">Prepared</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cookbook" title="Cookbook">Cookbook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooking" title="Cooking">Cooking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culinary_arts" title="Culinary arts">Culinary arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drink" title="Drink">Drink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food" title="Food">Food</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Food_history" title="Food history">history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociology_of_food" title="Sociology of food">sociology</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diet_(nutrition)" title="Diet (nutrition)">Diet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fat" title="Fat">Fat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meal" title="Meal">Meal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meal_preparation" title="Meal preparation">Meal preparation</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Cuisine" title="Category:Cuisine">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"><img alt="" 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