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class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Sejarah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sejarah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Sejarah</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rekomendasi_terkini" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rekomendasi_terkini"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Rekomendasi terkini</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Rekomendasi_terkini-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Rekomendasi terkini</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Rekomendasi_terkini-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Vitamin_dan_mineral" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vitamin_dan_mineral"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Vitamin dan mineral</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vitamin_dan_mineral-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Makronutrien" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Makronutrien"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Makronutrien</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Makronutrien-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Menghitung_AKG_(RDA)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Menghitung_AKG_(RDA)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Menghitung AKG (RDA)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Menghitung_AKG_(RDA)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Standar_bukti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Standar_bukti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Standar bukti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Standar_bukti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Acuan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Acuan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Acuan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Acuan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Angka_Kecukupan_Gizi_di_Indonesia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Angka_Kecukupan_Gizi_di_Indonesia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Angka Kecukupan Gizi di Indonesia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Angka_Kecukupan_Gizi_di_Indonesia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Angka Kecukupan Gizi di Indonesia</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Angka_Kecukupan_Gizi_di_Indonesia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nilai_Angka_Kecukupan_Gizi_(AKG)_sesuai_Permenkes_No_75/2013" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nilai_Angka_Kecukupan_Gizi_(AKG)_sesuai_Permenkes_No_75/2013"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Nilai Angka Kecukupan Gizi (AKG) sesuai Permenkes No 75/2013</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nilai_Angka_Kecukupan_Gizi_(AKG)_sesuai_Permenkes_No_75/2013-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Energi,_protein,_lemak,_karbohidrat,_serat_dan_air" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Energi,_protein,_lemak,_karbohidrat,_serat_dan_air"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.1</span> <span>Energi, protein, lemak, karbohidrat, serat dan air</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Energi,_protein,_lemak,_karbohidrat,_serat_dan_air-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vitamin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vitamin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.2</span> <span>Vitamin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vitamin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mineral" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mineral"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.3</span> <span>Mineral</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mineral-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_juga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_juga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Lihat juga</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_juga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bacaan_lanjutan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bacaan_lanjutan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Bacaan lanjutan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bacaan_lanjutan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Pranala luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Daftar Isi" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Asupan Referensi Diet</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 23 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-23" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">23 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%BA%D8%B0%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="كمية غذائية مرجعية – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كمية غذائية مرجعية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inxesta_diaria_encamentada" title="Inxesta diaria encamentada – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Inxesta diaria encamentada" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantitat_di%C3%A0ria_recomanada" title="Quantitat diària recomanada – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Quantitat diària recomanada" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doporu%C4%8Den%C3%A1_denn%C3%AD_d%C3%A1vka" title="Doporučená denní dávka – Ceko" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Doporučená denní dávka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Ceko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADI" title="ADI – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="ADI" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recommended_Daily_Allowance" title="Recommended Daily Allowance – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Recommended Daily Allowance" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%B2%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%B7_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%82" title="Προσλαμβανόμενη Ποσότητα Αναφοράς – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Προσλαμβανόμενη Ποσότητα Αναφοράς" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dietary_Reference_Intake" title="Dietary Reference Intake – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Dietary Reference Intake" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingesta_diaria_recomendada" title="Ingesta diaria recomendada – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ingesta diaria recomendada" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%B9_%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%81_%D8%B1%DA%98%DB%8C%D9%85_%D8%BA%D8%B0%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="مرجع مصرف رژیم غذایی – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مرجع مصرف رژیم غذایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apports_nutritionnels_conseill%C3%A9s" title="Apports nutritionnels conseillés – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Apports nutritionnels conseillés" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciond%C3%A1il_mholta_laeth%C3%BAil" title="Ciondáil mholta laethúil – Irlandia" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ciondáil mholta laethúil" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preporu%C4%8Dene_dnevne_koli%C4%8Dine" title="Preporučene dnevne količine – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Preporučene dnevne količine" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dose_giornaliera_consigliata" title="Dose giornaliera consigliata – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dose giornaliera consigliata" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekomenduojama_paros_norma" title="Rekomenduojama paros norma – Lituania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Rekomenduojama paros norma" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%86%E0%B5%BC.%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF.%E0%B4%8E" title="ആർ.ഡി.എ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ആർ.ഡി.എ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aanbevolen_dagelijkse_hoeveelheid" title="Aanbevolen dagelijkse hoeveelheid – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Aanbevolen dagelijkse hoeveelheid" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zalecane_dzienne_spo%C5%BCycie" title="Zalecane dzienne spożycie – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Zalecane dzienne spożycie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingest%C3%A3o_di%C3%A1ria_recomendada" title="Ingestão diária recomendada – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ingestão diária recomendada" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odpor%C3%BA%C4%8Dan%C3%A1_denn%C3%A1_d%C3%A1vka" title="Odporúčaná denná dávka – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Odporúčaná denná dávka" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekommenderat_dagligt_intag" title="Rekommenderat dagligt intag – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rekommenderat dagligt intag" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dietary_Reference_Intake_Ratsionga_oid_ma%27lumotni_qabul_qilish" title="Dietary Reference Intake Ratsionga oid ma'lumotni qabul qilish – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Dietary Reference Intake Ratsionga oid ma'lumotni qabul qilish" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%82%E8%80%83%E8%86%B3%E9%A3%9F%E6%91%84%E5%85%A5%E9%87%8F" title="参考膳食摄入量 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="参考膳食摄入量" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1412867#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Diet-ge013ccb43_1920.jpg/330px-Diet-ge013ccb43_1920.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Diet-ge013ccb43_1920.jpg/440px-Diet-ge013ccb43_1920.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>Ilustasi diet</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Asupan Referensi Diet</b> (<i><b>Dietary Reference Intake</b></i>, <i><b>DRI</b></i>) adalah sistem rekomendasi <a href="/wiki/Gizi" class="mw-redirect" title="Gizi">gizi</a> dari <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Institute_of_Medicine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Institute of Medicine (halaman belum tersedia)">Institute of Medicine</a></i> (IOM), <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Academies_(United_States)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Academies (United States) (halaman belum tersedia)">National Academies (United States)</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-HealthCanada_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HealthCanada-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ini diperkenalkan pada tahun 1997 untuk memperluas pedoman yang ada yang dikenal sebagai <b>Angka Kecukupan Gizi</b> (<b>AKG</b>) atau <i>Recommended Dietary Allowances</i> (<i>RDA</i>, lihat di bawah). Nilai DRI berbeda dari yang digunakan dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Informasi_Nilai_Gizi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Informasi Nilai Gizi (halaman belum tersedia)">pelabelan gizi</a> pada produk makanan dan <a href="/wiki/Suplemen_makanan" title="Suplemen makanan">suplemen makanan</a> di AS dan Kanada, yang menggunakan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Harian_yang_Dianjurkan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asupan Harian yang Dianjurkan (halaman belum tersedia)">Asupan Harian yang Dianjurkan</a> atau <i>Reference Daily Intakes</i> (<i>RDI</i>) dan Nilai Harian (%DV) yang didasarkan pada RDA usang dari tahun 1968 namun diperbarui pada 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-DRI-APD-2003_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DRI-APD-2003-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FedReg_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FedReg-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>DRI menyediakan beberapa jenis nilai referensi yang berbeda:<sup id="cite_ref-HealthCanada_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HealthCanada-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><b>Kebutuhan Perkiraan Rata-rata</b> atau <i><b>Estimated Average Requirements</b></i> (EAR), merupakan nilai yang diharapkan bisa memenuhi kebutuhan 50% masyarakat dalam kelompok usia tersebut berdasarkan kajian literatur ilmiah.</li> <li><b>Angka Kecukupan Gizi</b> (AKG) atau <i><b>Recommended Dietary Allowances</b></i> (RDA), merupakan kecukupan rata-rata zat gizi sehari bagi hampir semua orang sehat (97,5%) menurut golongan umur, jenis kelamin, ukuran tubuh aktivitas fisik, genetik dan keadaan fisiologis untuk mencapai derajat kesehatan yang optimal.<sup id="cite_ref-gizinet1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gizinet1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Definisi tersebut menyiratkan bahwa tingkat asupan yang akan menyebabkan defisiensi gizi berbahaya hanya 2,5%. Ini dihitung berdasarkan EAR dan biasanya kira-kira 20% lebih tinggi dari EAR (Lihat <a href="#Menghitung_AKG_(RDA)">Menghitung AKG (RDA)</a>).</li> <li><b>Asupan Adekuat</b> atau <i><b>Adequate Intake</b></i> (AI), jumlah yang ditetapkan di mana tidak ada RDA yang ditetapkan, namun agak kurang diyakini memadai untuk semua orang dalam kelompok demografis.</li> <li><b>Batas Atas Asupan</b> atau <i><b>Tolerable upper intake levels</b></i> (UL), batas kehatihatian terhadap asupan nutrisi yang berlebihan (seperti <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_A" title="Vitamin A">vitamin A</a>) yang dapat berbahaya dalam jumlah besar. Ini adalah tingkat konsumsi nutrisi harian tertinggi yang dianggap aman, dan tidak menimbulkan efek samping pada, 97,5% individu sehat menurut golongan umur, jenis kelamin, ukuran tubuh aktivitas fisik, genetik dan keadaan fisiologis. Definisi tersebut menyiratkan bahwa kelebihan tingkat asupan sebesar 2,5% sudah berbahaya. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Otoritas_Keamanan_Pangan_Eropa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Otoritas Keamanan Pangan Eropa (halaman belum tersedia)">Otoritas Keamanan Pangan Eropa</a> (<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_Food_Safety_Authority&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="European Food Safety Authority (halaman belum tersedia)">European Food Safety Authority</a></i>, EFSA) juga telah menetapkan UL yang tidak selalu sepakat dengan UL A.S. Misalnya, UL seng adalah 40 mg di A.S. dan 25 mg menurut EFSA.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Kisaran Distribusi Makronutrien yang Dapat Diterima</b> atau <i><b>Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges</b></i> (AMDR), merupakan kisaran berbagai asupan yang ditentukan sebagai persentase total asupan energi. Digunakan untuk sumber energi, seperti lemak dan karbohidrat.</li></ul> <p>DRI digunakan oleh <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a> dan ditujukan untuk umum dan ahli kesehatan. Aplikasi meliputi: </p> <ul><li>Komposisi diet untuk sekolah, penjara, rumah sakit atau panti jompo</li> <li>Industri yang mengembangkan (bahan) pangan baru</li> <li>Pembuat kebijakan kesehatan dan pejabat kesehatan masyarakat</li></ul> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sejarah">Sejarah</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Sejarah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sejarah"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Recommended Dietary Allowance</i> (RDA), yang di Indonesia diadopsi sebagai Angka Kecukupan Gizi (AKG), dikembangkan selama <a href="/wiki/Perang_Dunia_II" title="Perang Dunia II">Perang Dunia II</a> oleh Lydia J. Roberts, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hazel_Stiebeling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hazel Stiebeling (halaman belum tersedia)">Hazel Stiebeling</a>, dan Helen S. Mitchell, semua bagian dari sebuah komite yang didirikan oleh <i><a href="/wiki/United_States_National_Academy_of_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="United States National Academy of Sciences">United States National Academy of Sciences</a></i> untuk menyelidiki masalah gizi yang mungkin "mempengaruhi ketahanan nasional".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Komite tersebut kemudian diubah namanya menjadi <i>Food and Nutrition Board</i> pada tahun 1941, yang kemudian mereka mulai membuat peraturan tentang rekomendasi standar kecukupan harian untuk masing-masing jenis gizi. Standar tersebut akan digunakan untuk rekomendasi gizi bagi tentara, warga sipil, dan untuk populasi di luar negeri yang mungkin memerlukan bantuan pangan. Roberts, Stiebeling, dan Mitchell melalukan survey terhadap semua data yang tersedia, membuat kumpulan sementara tentang "energi dan delapan gizi", dan menyerahkannya kepada para pakar untuk ditinjau (Nestle, 35). </p><p>Panduan final, disebut RDA yang merupakan kependekan dari <i>Recommended Dietary Allowances</i>, diterima pada tahun 1941. <i>Allowances</i> berarti menyediakan nutrisi unggul untuk warga sipil dan militer, sehingga mereka memasukkan "batas keamanan". Oleh karena <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rasioning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rasioning (halaman belum tersedia)">rasioning</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/rationing" class="extiw" title="en:rationing">en</a>]</span> pangan selama perang, panduan pangan yang dibuat oleh agen pemerintah untuk mengarahkan asupan gizi masyarakat juga memperhitungkan ketersediaan pangan. </p><p><i>Food and Nutrition Board</i> kemudian merevisi RDA setiap lima hinigga sepuluh tahun sekali. Pada awal 1950an, ahli gizi <a href="/wiki/Departemen_Pertanian_Amerika_Serikat" title="Departemen Pertanian Amerika Serikat">Departemen Pertanian Amerika Serikat</a> membuat seperangkat panduan baru yang juga memasukkan jumlah sajian masing-masing kelompok pangan agar lebih memudahkan masyarakat dalam menerima RDA mereka untuk masing-masing nutrisi. </p><p>DRI diperkenalkan pada tahun 1997 untuk memperluan sistem RDA yang telah ada. DRI dipublikasikan selama periode 1998 sampai 2001. Pada tahun 2010, revisi DRI untuk <a href="/wiki/Kalsium" title="Kalsium">kalsium</a> dan vitamin D dipublikasikan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rekomendasi_terkini">Rekomendasi terkini</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Rekomendasi terkini" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Rekomendasi terkini"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vitamin_dan_mineral">Vitamin dan mineral</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Vitamin dan mineral" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Vitamin dan mineral"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>EAR, RDA/AI dan UL untuk rata-rata pria sehat berusia 44 tahun ditunjukkan dalam tabel di bawah. Jumlah dan status "ND" untuk kelompok usia dan jenis kelamin lainnya, wanita hamil, ibu menyusui, dan bayi yang sedang menyusui dapat berbeda sangat jauh.<sup id="cite_ref-IOM_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IOM-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>• "NE":</b> EAR belum ditetapkan atau belum dievaluasi. </p><p><b>• "ND":</b> UL tidak dapat ditentukan, dan dianjurkan agar asupan nutrisi ini berasal dari makanan saja untuk mencegah efek samping. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Nutrisi</th> <th>EAR</th> <th>RDA/AI Tertinggi</th> <th>UL<sup id="cite_ref-nationalacademies.org_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nationalacademies.org-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>Satuan</th> <th>Sumber teratas dalam ukuran umum<sup id="cite_ref-USDA_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USDA-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vitamin_A" title="Vitamin A">Vitamin A</a></td> <td style="text-align:center;">625</td> <td style="text-align:center;">900</td> <td style="text-align:center;">3000</td> <td style="text-align:center;">µg</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jeroan" title="Jeroan">jeroan</a> <a href="/wiki/Kalkun" title="Kalkun">kalkun</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Ayam" title="Ayam">ayam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hati" title="Hati">hati</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Capsicum" title="Capsicum">capsicum</a></i> merah, <a href="/wiki/Wortel" title="Wortel">wortel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Waluh" title="Waluh">waluh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ubi_jalar" title="Ubi jalar">ubi jalar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tiamina" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiamina">Tiamin</a> (B<sub>1</sub>)</td> <td style="text-align:center;">1,0</td> <td style="text-align:center;">1,2</td> <td style="text-align:center;">ND</td> <td style="text-align:center;">mg</td> <td>sereal yang difortifikasi, <a href="/wiki/Tepung_terigu" class="mw-redirect" title="Tepung terigu">tepung terigu</a> yang diperkaya, <a href="/wiki/Tepung_roti" title="Tepung roti">tepung roti</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Riboflavin" title="Riboflavin">Riboflavin</a> (B<sub>2</sub>)</td> <td style="text-align:center;">1,1</td> <td style="text-align:center;">1,3</td> <td style="text-align:center;">ND</td> <td style="text-align:center;">mg</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Almond" class="mw-redirect" title="Almond">almond</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wijen" title="Wijen">wijen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spaghetti" class="mw-redirect" title="Spaghetti">spaghetti</a>, hati sapi, kalkun </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Niasin" title="Niasin">Niasin</a> (B<sub>3</sub>)</td> <td style="text-align:center;">12</td> <td style="text-align:center;">16</td> <td style="text-align:center;">35</td> <td style="text-align:center;">mg</td> <td>sereal yang difortifikasi, <a href="/wiki/Tuna_sirip_kuning" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuna sirip kuning">tuna sirip kuning</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salmon" title="Salmon">sockeye salmon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daging_ayam" title="Daging ayam">daging ayam</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asam_pantotenat" title="Asam pantotenat">Asam pantotenat</a> (B<sub>5</sub>)</td> <td style="text-align:center;">NE</td> <td style="text-align:center;">5</td> <td style="text-align:center;">ND</td> <td style="text-align:center;">mg</td> <td>sereal yang difortifikasi, hati sapi, <a href="/wiki/Shiitake" class="mw-redirect" title="Shiitake">shiitake</a> jamur </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vitamin_B6" title="Vitamin B6">Vitamin B<sub>6</sub></a></td> <td style="text-align:center;">1,1</td> <td style="text-align:center;">1,3</td> <td style="text-align:center;">100</td> <td style="text-align:center;">mg</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Serealia" title="Serealia">sereal</a> yang difortifikasi, <a href="/wiki/Chickpea" class="mw-redirect" title="Chickpea">chickpeas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salmon" title="Salmon">sockeye salmon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Biotin" title="Biotin">Biotin</a> (B<sub>7</sub>)</td> <td style="text-align:center;">NE</td> <td style="text-align:center;">30</td> <td style="text-align:center;">ND</td> <td style="text-align:center;">µg</td> <td>biji-bijian, <a href="/wiki/Almond" class="mw-redirect" title="Almond">almonds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kacang_tanah" title="Kacang tanah">kacang tanah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hati_sapi" class="mw-redirect" title="Hati sapi">hati sapi</a>, kuning telur, salmon<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Folat" class="mw-redirect" title="Folat">Folat</a> (B<sub>9</sub>)</td> <td style="text-align:center;">320</td> <td style="text-align:center;">400</td> <td style="text-align:center;">1000</td> <td style="text-align:center;">µg</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sayuran_hijau" class="mw-redirect" title="Sayuran hijau">sayuran hijau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beras" title="Beras">beras</a> yang diperkaya, sereal yang difortifikasi, tepung jagung yang diperkaya </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vitamin_B12" title="Vitamin B12">Sianokobalamin</a> (B<sub>12</sub>)</td> <td style="text-align:center;">2,0</td> <td style="text-align:center;">2,4</td> <td style="text-align:center;">ND</td> <td style="text-align:center;">µg</td> <td>sereal yang difortifikasi, kalkun, <a href="/wiki/Kerang" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerang">kerang</a>, daging sapi, kuning telur, sardin, ikan tuna, ikan kembung </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vitamin_C" title="Vitamin C">Vitamin C</a></td> <td style="text-align:center;">75</td> <td style="text-align:center;">90</td> <td style="text-align:center;">2000</td> <td style="text-align:center;">mg</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jambu_biji" title="Jambu biji">jambu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeruk" title="Jeruk">jeruk</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Grapefruit" class="mw-redirect" title="Grapefruit">grapefruit</a></i>, frozen <a href="/wiki/Persik" title="Persik">persik</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Paprika" title="Paprika">paprika</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vitamin_D" title="Vitamin D">Vitamin D</a><sup id="cite_ref-vitD-Calcium2_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vitD-Calcium2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="text-align:center;">10</td> <td style="text-align:center;">15</td> <td style="text-align:center;">100</td> <td style="text-align:center;">µg</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Serealia" title="Serealia">sereal</a> yang difortifikasi, <a href="/wiki/Jamur" title="Jamur">jamur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ragi" title="Ragi">ragi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salmon" title="Salmon">sockeye salmon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Todak" title="Todak">todak</a>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rainbow_trout&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rainbow trout (halaman belum tersedia)">rainbow trout</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Sardinella" title="Sardinella">sardin</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Minyak_ikan_kod&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minyak ikan kod (halaman belum tersedia)">minyak ikan kod</a> (juga makanan dan minuman yang diperkaya dengannya) </td></tr> <tr> <td>α-<a href="/wiki/Tokoferol" title="Tokoferol">tokoferol</a> (Vitamin E)</td> <td style="text-align:center;">12</td> <td style="text-align:center;">15</td> <td style="text-align:center;">1000</td> <td style="text-align:center;">mg</td> <td>sereal yang difortifikasi, <a href="/wiki/Saus_tomat" title="Saus tomat">saus tomat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biji_bunga_matahari" title="Biji bunga matahari">biji bunga matahari</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vitamin_K" title="Vitamin K">Vitamin K</a></td> <td style="text-align:center;">NE</td> <td style="text-align:center;">120</td> <td style="text-align:center;">ND</td> <td style="text-align:center;">µg</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kale" class="mw-redirect" title="Kale">kale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kailan" title="Kailan">kailan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bayam" title="Bayam">bayam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brokoli" title="Brokoli">brokoli</a>, kecambah brussel, <a href="/wiki/Asparagus" class="mw-redirect" title="Asparagus">asparagus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prem" title="Prem">prem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ercis" title="Ercis">ercis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blueberry" class="mw-redirect" title="Blueberry">blueberry</a>, wortel </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kolina" title="Kolina">Kolina</a></td> <td style="text-align:center;">NE</td> <td style="text-align:center;">550</td> <td style="text-align:center;">3500</td> <td style="text-align:center;">mg</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kuning_telur" title="Kuning telur">kuning telur</a>, daging, <a href="/wiki/Lesitin" title="Lesitin">lesitin</a>, hati sapi, <a href="/wiki/Susu_kental_manis" title="Susu kental manis">susu kental manis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kinoa" title="Kinoa">kinoa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salmon" title="Salmon">salmon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ikan_kod" class="mw-redirect" title="Ikan kod">ikan kod</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Mineral</th> <th>EAR</th> <th>RDA/AI</th> <th>UL<sup id="cite_ref-nationalacademies.org_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nationalacademies.org-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>Satuan</th> <th>Sumber teratas dalam ukuran umum<sup id="cite_ref-USDA_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USDA-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kalsium" title="Kalsium">Kalsium</a><sup id="cite_ref-vitD-Calcium2_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vitD-Calcium2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="text-align:center;">800</td> <td style="text-align:center;">1000</td> <td style="text-align:center;">2500</td> <td style="text-align:center;">mg</td> <td>sereal yang difortifikasi, <a href="/wiki/Kailan" title="Kailan">kailan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Almond" class="mw-redirect" title="Almond">almond</a>, <a href="/wiki/Susu_kental_manis" title="Susu kental manis">susu kental manis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keju" title="Keju">keju</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ficus" title="Ficus">ficus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yogurt" class="mw-redirect" title="Yogurt">yogurt</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Klorida" title="Klorida">Klorida</a></td> <td style="text-align:center;">NE</td> <td style="text-align:center;">2300</td> <td style="text-align:center;">3600</td> <td style="text-align:center;">mg</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Garam_dapur" title="Garam dapur">garam dapur</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kromium" title="Kromium">Kromium</a></td> <td style="text-align:center;">NE</td> <td style="text-align:center;">35</td> <td style="text-align:center;">ND</td> <td style="text-align:center;">µg</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brokoli" title="Brokoli">brokoli</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ham_kalkun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ham kalkun (halaman belum tersedia)">ham kalkun</a>, aprikot yang dikeringkan, <a href="/wiki/Tuna" title="Tuna">tuna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nanas" title="Nanas">nanas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anggur" title="Anggur">jus anggur</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tembaga" title="Tembaga">Tembaga</a></td> <td style="text-align:center;">700</td> <td style="text-align:center;">900</td> <td style="text-align:center;">10000</td> <td style="text-align:center;">µg</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wijen" title="Wijen">wijen</a>, biji bunga matahari, <a href="/wiki/Oyster" class="mw-redirect" title="Oyster">oysters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lobster" title="Lobster">lobster</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jambu_mede" class="mw-redirect" title="Jambu mede">jambu mede</a>, cokelat hitam, <a href="/wiki/Jelai" class="mw-redirect" title="Jelai">jelai</a> (<i>barley</i>), kacang Brazil, <a href="/wiki/Kacang_kenari" class="mw-redirect" title="Kacang kenari">kenari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kacang_tanah" title="Kacang tanah">kacang tanah</a>, ercis kuning, <a href="/wiki/Kacang_Arab" title="Kacang Arab">kacang Arab</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fluorida" title="Fluorida">Fluorida</a></td> <td style="text-align:center;">NE</td> <td style="text-align:center;">4</td> <td style="text-align:center;">10</td> <td style="text-align:center;">mg</td> <td>air minum publik, di mana dilakukan <a href="/wiki/Fluoridasi_air" title="Fluoridasi air">fluoridasi</a> atau terdapat fluorida alami </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Iodin" class="mw-redirect" title="Iodin">Iodin</a></td> <td style="text-align:center;">95</td> <td style="text-align:center;">150</td> <td style="text-align:center;">1100</td> <td style="text-align:center;">µg</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Garam_beriodium" class="mw-redirect" title="Garam beriodium">garam beriodium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laminariales" title="Laminariales">kelp</a>, ikan kod </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Besi" title="Besi">Besi</a></td> <td style="text-align:center;">6</td> <td style="text-align:center;">8</td> <td style="text-align:center;">45</td> <td style="text-align:center;">mg</td> <td>bubuk kokoa, kacang mede, kacang putih, kalkun, <a href="/wiki/Cokelat" title="Cokelat">cokelat</a> hitam </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">Magnesium</a></td> <td style="text-align:center;">350</td> <td style="text-align:center;">420</td> <td style="text-align:center;">350<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>ii<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="text-align:center;">mg</td> <td>tepung <a href="/wiki/Gandum_kuda" title="Gandum kuda">gandum kuda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haver" title="Haver">oat</a> gulung, <a href="/wiki/Bayam" title="Bayam">bayam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Almond" class="mw-redirect" title="Almond">almond</a>, cokelat hitam, <a href="/wiki/Bulgur" title="Bulgur">bulgur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kinoa" title="Kinoa">kinoa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan">Mangan</a></td> <td style="text-align:center;">NE</td> <td style="text-align:center;">2,3</td> <td style="text-align:center;">11</td> <td style="text-align:center;">mg</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bekatul" title="Bekatul">bekatul haver</a>, tepung gandum utuh, bulgur, oat gulung, <a href="/wiki/Beras_merah" title="Beras merah">beras merah</a>, cokelat hitam </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Molibdenum" title="Molibdenum">Molibdenum</a></td> <td style="text-align:center;">34</td> <td style="text-align:center;">45</td> <td style="text-align:center;">2000</td> <td style="text-align:center;">µg</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Legume" class="mw-redirect" title="Legume">legume</a>, produk biji-bijian, <a href="/wiki/Buah_geluk" title="Buah geluk">buah geluk</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Biji" title="Biji">biji</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fosforus" title="Fosforus">Fosforus</a></td> <td style="text-align:center;">580</td> <td style="text-align:center;">700</td> <td style="text-align:center;">4000</td> <td style="text-align:center;">mg</td> <td>tepung jagung, susu kental manis, tepung terigu, oat gulung, beras merah, bulgur, susu, daging </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium">Kalium</a></td> <td style="text-align:center;">NE</td> <td style="text-align:center;">4700</td> <td style="text-align:center;">ND</td> <td style="text-align:center;">mg</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentang" title="Kentang">kentang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pisang" title="Pisang">pisang</a>, pasta tomat, <a href="/wiki/Tomat" title="Tomat">tomat</a>, paprika, jus jeruk, <a href="/wiki/Umbi_bit" class="mw-redirect" title="Umbi bit">umbi bit</a>, kinoa, oat gulung, bulgur, <a href="/wiki/Buncis" title="Buncis">buncis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ercis" title="Ercis">ercis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jambu_mede" class="mw-redirect" title="Jambu mede">jambu mede</a>, kacang <a href="/wiki/Pistacio" class="mw-redirect" title="Pistacio">pistacio</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Selenium" title="Selenium">Selenium</a></td> <td style="text-align:center;">45</td> <td style="text-align:center;">55</td> <td style="text-align:center;">400</td> <td style="text-align:center;">µg</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kacang_Brazil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kacang Brazil (halaman belum tersedia)">kacang Brazil</a>, tuna, daging, sardin, salmon, kuning telur, barley, ikan kembung </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">Natrium</a></td> <td style="text-align:center;">NE</td> <td style="text-align:center;">1500</td> <td style="text-align:center;">2300</td> <td style="text-align:center;">mg</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sup_bawang_Prancis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sup bawang Prancis (halaman belum tersedia)">sup bawang Prancis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miso" title="Miso">miso</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garam_dapur" title="Garam dapur">garam dapur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Putih_telur" title="Putih telur">putih telur</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Seng" title="Seng">Seng</a></td> <td style="text-align:center;">9.4</td> <td style="text-align:center;">11</td> <td style="text-align:center;">40</td> <td style="text-align:center;">mg</td> <td>kacang, <a href="/wiki/Tiram" title="Tiram">tiram</a>, sereal yang difortifikasi, daging, kacang panggang, oatmeal </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><small> <b>EAR</b>: <i>Estimated Average Requirements</i>; <b>RDA</b>: <i>Recommended Dietary Allowances</i>; <b>AI</b>: <i>Adequate Intake</i>; <b>UL</b>: <i>Tolerable upper intake levels</i>. </small> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-roman"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vitamin C ditambahkan pada buah persik beku agar tidak menghitam.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Persik mentah dan persik awetan dalam sirup tidak memiliki kandungan vitamin C tinggi.<sup id="cite_ref-USDA_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USDA-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">UL magnesium mewakili asupan tambahan dari suplemen makanan. Asupan magnesium dosis tinggi dari suplemen makanan atau obat-obatan sering kali mengakibatkan diare yang disertai dengan mual dan kram perut.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tidak ada bukti efek buruk dari konsumsi magnesium dari alam dari makanan.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p>Juga disarankan agar zat-zat berikut <b>tidak</b> ditambahkan ke dalam makanan atau suplemen makanan. Penelitian telah dilakukan terhadap efek sampingnya, tetapi dalam banyak kasus belum mencapai kesimpulan: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Zat</th> <th>RDA/AI</th> <th>UL</th> <th>satuan per hari </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Arsen" title="Arsen">Arsenik</a></td> <td style="text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="text-align:center;">ND</td> <td style="text-align:center;">— </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Silikon" title="Silikon">Silikon</a></td> <td style="text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="text-align:center;">ND</td> <td style="text-align:center;">— </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium">Vanadium</a></td> <td style="text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="text-align:center;">1,8</td> <td style="text-align:center;">mg </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Makronutrien">Makronutrien</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Makronutrien" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Makronutrien"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>RDA/AI untuk pria dan wanita berusia 40–50 tahun ditunjukkan dalam tabel di bawah.<sup id="cite_ref-IOM_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IOM-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Zat </th> <th colspan="2">Jumlah </th> <th rowspan="2">Sumber utama<sup id="cite_ref-USDA_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USDA-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Pria </th> <th>Wanita </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Air_minum" title="Air minum">Air minum</a><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3,7 L/hari </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2,7 L/hari </td> <td>air, <a href="/wiki/Semangka" title="Semangka">semangka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Selada" class="mw-disambig" title="Selada">selada</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Karbohidrat" title="Karbohidrat">Karbohidrat</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">130 g/hari </td> <td style="text-align:center;">130 g/hari </td> <td>susu, biji-bijian, buah-buahan, sayur mayur </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">Protein</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>ii<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">56 g/hari </td> <td style="text-align:center;">46 g/hari </td> <td>daging, ikan, polong-polongan, kacang, susu, keju, telur </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Serat_pangan" title="Serat pangan">Serat</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">38 g/hari </td> <td style="text-align:center;">25 g/hari </td> <td>barley, bulgur, oat gulung, legume, kacang, buncis, apel </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lemak" title="Lemak">Lemak</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">20–35% dari kalori </td> <td>minyak, mentega, lemak babi, kacang, biji, daging berlemak, kuning telur, keju </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asam_linoleat" title="Asam linoleat">Asam linoleat</a>, suatu <a href="/wiki/Asam_lemak_omega-6" title="Asam lemak omega-6">asam lemak omega-6</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lemak_tak_jenuh_ganda" title="Lemak tak jenuh ganda">tak jenuh ganda</a>) </td> <td style="text-align:center;">17 g/hari </td> <td style="text-align:center;">12 g/hari </td> <td>sunflower seeds and oil, safflower oil </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asam_alfa-linolenat" title="Asam alfa-linolenat">Asam alfa-linolenat</a>, suatu <a href="/wiki/Asam_lemak_omega-3" title="Asam lemak omega-3">asam lemak omega-3</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lemak_tak_jenuh_ganda" title="Lemak tak jenuh ganda">tak jenuh ganda</a>) </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1,6 g/hari </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1,1 g/hari </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minyak_biji_rami" title="Minyak biji rami">Minyak biji rami</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Biji_rami&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biji rami (halaman belum tersedia)">Biji rami</a>), salmon, sardin </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kolesterol" title="Kolesterol">Kolesterol</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">300 miligram(mg)<sup id="cite_ref-App14FLG2009_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-App14FLG2009-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jeroan" title="Jeroan">jeroan</a> ayam, jeroan kalkun, hati sapi, kuning telur </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_lemak_trans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asam lemak trans (halaman belum tersedia)">Asam lemak trans</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Serendah mungkin </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asam_lemak_jenuh" class="mw-redirect" title="Asam lemak jenuh">Asam lemak jenuh</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Serendah mungkin ketika mengonsumsi diet yang cukup nutrisi<sup id="cite_ref-IOM_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IOM-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>daging <a href="/wiki/Kelapa" title="Kelapa">kelapa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minyak_kelapa" title="Minyak kelapa">minyak kelapa</a>, lemak babi, keju, mentega, cokelat, kuning telur </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gula tambahan </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Tidak lebih dari 25% dari kalori </td> <td>pemanis makanan tak alami: gula-gula, kukis, kue, selai, minuman energi dan minuman bersoda, beragam makanan awetan </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18833634"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-roman"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Termasuk air dari makanan, minuman, dan air minum.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Berdasarkan 0,8 g/kg berat badan.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Menghitung_AKG_(RDA)"><span id="Menghitung_AKG_.28RDA.29"></span>Menghitung AKG (RDA)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Menghitung AKG (RDA)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Menghitung AKG (RDA)"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Persamaan yang digunakan untuk menghitung RDA adalah sebagai berikut: </p><p>"Jika <a href="/wiki/Simpangan_baku" title="Simpangan baku">simpangan baku</a> (standar deviasi, SD) EAR tersedia dan persyaratan nutrisi <a href="/wiki/Distribusi_normal" title="Distribusi normal">terdistribusi simetris</a>, maka RDA diatur pada dua SD di atas EAR: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle RDA=EAR+2SD(EAR)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>R</mi> <mi>D</mi> <mi>A</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>E</mi> <mi>A</mi> <mi>R</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>S</mi> <mi>D</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>E</mi> <mi>A</mi> <mi>R</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle RDA=EAR+2SD(EAR)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e3ad05d8aafd72cdf2600caac5cb3f0e5498a076" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:28.331ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle RDA=EAR+2SD(EAR)}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Jika variabilitas data tidak mencukupi untuk menghitung SD, maka diasumsikan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Koefisien_variasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koefisien variasi (halaman belum tersedia)">koefisien variasi</a> (CV) EAR adalah 10 persen, kecuali jika data yang tersedia menunjukkan variasi yang lebih besar. Jika diasumsikan CV 10 persen, maka dua kali dari jumlah tersebut ditambahkan ke EAR yang didefinisikan sebagai sama dengan RDA. Maka persamaan akhir untuk RDA adalah: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle RDA=1.2EAR}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>R</mi> <mi>D</mi> <mi>A</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1.2</mn> <mi>E</mi> <mi>A</mi> <mi>R</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle RDA=1.2EAR}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/11dcf3735e14bbbb8296593f97858a2d36ac1dd4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:16.784ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle RDA=1.2EAR}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Tingkat asupan ini secara statistik mewakili 97,5 persen persyaratan dari populasi."<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Standar_bukti">Standar bukti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Standar bukti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Standar bukti"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pada September 2007, <i>Institute of Medicine</i> menyelenggarakan <i>workshop</i> berjudul “<i>The Development of DRIs 1994–2004: Lessons Learned and New Challenges</i>.”<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pada rapat tersebut, beberapa pembicara menyatakan bahwa Asupan Diet yang Direkomendasikan (<i>Dietary Recommended Intakes, DRI</i>) saat ini sebagian besar berdasar pada tingkat terendah dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tingkat_pembuktian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tingkat pembuktian (halaman belum tersedia)">piramida mutu pembuktian</a>, yaitu hanya berdasarkan opini, bukan berdasarkan uji klinis terkendali acak. Pembicara menyarankan untuk menggunakan standar pembuktian yang lebih tinggi ketika membuat rekomendasi diet. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Acuan">Acuan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bagian: Acuan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Acuan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="sortable wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Nutrien</th> <th>Persentase penduduk A.S. usia 2+ yang memenuhi EAR tahun 2004<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Protein</td> <td>88,9% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Vitamin A</td> <td>46,0% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Vitamin C</td> <td>51,0% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Vitamin E</td> <td>13,6% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tiamin</td> <td>81,6% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Riboflavin</td> <td>89,1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Niasin</td> <td>87,2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Vitamin B<sub>6</sub></td> <td>73,9% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Folat</td> <td>59,7% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Vitamin B<sub>12</sub></td> <td>79,7% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fosforus</td> <td>87,2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Magnesium</td> <td>43,0% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Besi</td> <td>89,5% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Selenium</td> <td>91,5% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Seng</td> <td>70,8% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tembaga</td> <td>84,2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kalsium</td> <td>30,9% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Serat</td> <td>8,0% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kalium</td> <td>7,6% </td></tr> <tr> <td>% kalori dari lemak total <= 35%</td> <td>59,4% </td></tr> <tr> <td>% kalori dari lemak jenuh < 10%</td> <td>40,8% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Asupan kolesterol < 300 mg</td> <td>68,4% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Asupan natrium <= 2,300 mg</td> <td>29,9% </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Angka_Kecukupan_Gizi_di_Indonesia">Angka Kecukupan Gizi di Indonesia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bagian: Angka Kecukupan Gizi di Indonesia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Angka Kecukupan Gizi di Indonesia"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Angka Kecukupan Gizi</b> (AKG) atau <i><b>Recommended Dietary Allowances</b></i> (RDA) merupakan kecukupan rata-rata <a href="/wiki/Gizi" class="mw-redirect" title="Gizi">zat gizi</a> sehari bagi hampir semua orang sehat (97,5%) menurut golongan umur, jenis kelamin, ukuran tubuh aktivitas fisik, genetik dan keadaan fisiologis untuk mencapai derajat kesehatan yang optimal. Di Indonesia, Angka Kecukupan Gizi (AKG) disusun dalam <i>Widyakarya Nasional Pangan dan Gizi</i> (WNPG) setiap 5 tahun sekali sejak tahun 1978. AKG ini mencerminkan asupan rata-rata sehari yang dikonsumsi oleh populasi dan bukan merupakan perorangan/individu. Berbeda dengan kebutuhan gizi (<i>requirement</i>), yang menggambarkan banyaknya zat gizi minimal yang diperlukan oleh masing-masing individu, sehingga ada yang rendah dan tinggi yang dipengaruhi oleh faktor genetik. Kegunaan AKG yang dianjurkan adalah:<sup id="cite_ref-gizinet1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gizinet1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li>untuk menilai kecukupan gizi yang telah dicapai melalui konsumsi makanan bagi penduduk,</li> <li>untuk perencanaan dalam pemberian makanan tambahan maupun perencanaan makanan institusi,</li> <li>untuk perencanaan penyediaan pangan tingkat regional maupun nasional,</li> <li>acuan pendidikan gizi, dan</li> <li>acuan label pangan yang mencantumkan informasi nilai gizi.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nilai_Angka_Kecukupan_Gizi_(AKG)_sesuai_Permenkes_No_75/2013"><span id="Nilai_Angka_Kecukupan_Gizi_.28AKG.29_sesuai_Permenkes_No_75.2F2013"></span>Nilai Angka Kecukupan Gizi (AKG) sesuai Permenkes No 75/2013</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Sunting bagian: Nilai Angka Kecukupan Gizi (AKG) sesuai Permenkes No 75/2013" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Nilai Angka Kecukupan Gizi (AKG) sesuai Permenkes No 75/2013"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Energi,_protein,_lemak,_karbohidrat,_serat_dan_air"><span id="Energi.2C_protein.2C_lemak.2C_karbohidrat.2C_serat_dan_air"></span>Energi, protein, lemak, karbohidrat, serat dan air</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Sunting bagian: Energi, protein, lemak, karbohidrat, serat dan air" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&action=edit&section=10" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Energi, protein, lemak, karbohidrat, serat dan air"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Tabel 1.</b> Angka Kecukupan <a href="/wiki/Energi" title="Energi">Energi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">Protein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lemak" title="Lemak">Lemak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karbohidrat" title="Karbohidrat">Karbohidrat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serat_pangan" title="Serat pangan">Serat</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Air" title="Air">Air</a> yang dianjurkan untuk orang Indonesia (perorang perhari)<sup id="cite_ref-Permenkes752013_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Permenkes752013-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="reference plainlinksneverexpand" style="white-space:nowrap"><sup>:5-6</sup></span> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Kelompok<br />umur </th> <th rowspan="2">BB<sup id="cite_ref-TBBB_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TBBB-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />(kg) </th> <th rowspan="2">TB<sup id="cite_ref-TBBB_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TBBB-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />(cm) </th> <th rowspan="2">Energi<br />(kkal) </th> <th rowspan="2">Protein<br />(g) </th> <th colspan="3">Lemak (g) </th> <th rowspan="2">Karbo-<br />hidrat<br />(g) </th> <th rowspan="2">Serat<br />(g) </th> <th rowspan="2">Air<br />(mL) </th></tr> <tr> <th>Total </th> <th>n-6 </th> <th>n-3 </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="11"><u><i><b>Bayi / Anak</b></i></u> </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>0–6 bulan </td> <td>6 </td> <td>61 </td> <td>550 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>34 </td> <td>4,4 </td> <td>0,5 </td> <td>58 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>7–11 bulan </td> <td>9 </td> <td>71 </td> <td>725 </td> <td>18 </td> <td>36 </td> <td>4,4 </td> <td>0,5 </td> <td>82 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>800 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>1–3 tahun </td> <td>13 </td> <td>91 </td> <td>1125 </td> <td>26 </td> <td>44 </td> <td>7,0 </td> <td>0,7 </td> <td>155 </td> <td>16 </td> <td>1200 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>4–6 tahun </td> <td>19 </td> <td>112 </td> <td>1600 </td> <td>35 </td> <td>62 </td> <td>10,0 </td> <td>0,9 </td> <td>220 </td> <td>22 </td> <td>1500 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>7–9 tahun </td> <td>27 </td> <td>130 </td> <td>1850 </td> <td>49 </td> <td>72 </td> <td>10,0 </td> <td>0,9 </td> <td>254 </td> <td>26 </td> <td>1900 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="11"><u><i><b>Laki-laki</b></i></u> </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>10–12 tahun </td> <td>34 </td> <td>142 </td> <td>2100 </td> <td>56 </td> <td>70 </td> <td>12,0 </td> <td>1,2 </td> <td>289 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>1800 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>13–15 tahun </td> <td>46 </td> <td>158 </td> <td>2475 </td> <td>72 </td> <td>83 </td> <td>16,0 </td> <td>1,6 </td> <td>340 </td> <td>35 </td> <td>2000 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>16–18 tahun </td> <td>56 </td> <td>165 </td> <td>2675 </td> <td>66 </td> <td>89 </td> <td>16,0 </td> <td>1,6 </td> <td>368 </td> <td>37 </td> <td>2200 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>19–29 tahun </td> <td>60 </td> <td>168 </td> <td>2725 </td> <td>62 </td> <td>91 </td> <td>17,0 </td> <td>1,6 </td> <td>375 </td> <td>38 </td> <td>2500 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>30–49 tahun </td> <td>62 </td> <td>168 </td> <td>2625 </td> <td>65 </td> <td>73 </td> <td>17,0 </td> <td>1,6 </td> <td>394 </td> <td>38 </td> <td>2600 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>50–64 tahun </td> <td>62 </td> <td>168 </td> <td>2325 </td> <td>65 </td> <td>65 </td> <td>14,0 </td> <td>1,6 </td> <td>349 </td> <td>33 </td> <td>2600 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>65–80 tahun </td> <td>60 </td> <td>168 </td> <td>1900 </td> <td>62 </td> <td>53 </td> <td>14,0 </td> <td>1,6 </td> <td>309 </td> <td>27 </td> <td>1900 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>80+ tahun </td> <td>58 </td> <td>168 </td> <td>1525 </td> <td>60 </td> <td>42 </td> <td>14,0 </td> <td>1,6 </td> <td>248 </td> <td>22 </td> <td>1600 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="11"><u><i><b>Perempuan</b></i></u> </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>10–12 tahun </td> <td>36 </td> <td>145 </td> <td>2000 </td> <td>60 </td> <td>67 </td> <td>10,0 </td> <td>1,0 </td> <td>275 </td> <td>28 </td> <td>1800 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>13–15 tahun </td> <td>46 </td> <td>155 </td> <td>2125 </td> <td>69 </td> <td>71 </td> <td>11,0 </td> <td>1,1 </td> <td>292 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>2000 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>16–18 tahun </td> <td>50 </td> <td>158 </td> <td>2125 </td> <td>59 </td> <td>71 </td> <td>11,0 </td> <td>1,1 </td> <td>292 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>2100 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>19–29 tahun </td> <td>54 </td> <td>159 </td> <td>2250 </td> <td>56 </td> <td>75 </td> <td>12,0 </td> <td>1,1 </td> <td>309 </td> <td>32 </td> <td>2300 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>30–49 tahun </td> <td>55 </td> <td>159 </td> <td>2150 </td> <td>57 </td> <td>60 </td> <td>12,0 </td> <td>1,1 </td> <td>323 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>2300 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>50–64 tahun </td> <td>55 </td> <td>159 </td> <td>1900 </td> <td>57 </td> <td>53 </td> <td>11,0 </td> <td>1,1 </td> <td>285 </td> <td>28 </td> <td>2300 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>65–80 tahun </td> <td>54 </td> <td>159 </td> <td>1550 </td> <td>56 </td> <td>43 </td> <td>11,0 </td> <td>1,1 </td> <td>252 </td> <td>22 </td> <td>1600 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>80+ tahun </td> <td>53 </td> <td>159 </td> <td>1425 </td> <td>55 </td> <td>40 </td> <td>11,0 </td> <td>1,1 </td> <td>232 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>1500 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="11"><i><u><b>Hamil (+an)</b></u></i> </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>Trimester 1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>+180 </td> <td>+20 </td> <td>+6 </td> <td>+2,0 </td> <td>+0,3 </td> <td>+25 </td> <td>+3 </td> <td>+300 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>Trimester 2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>+300 </td> <td>+20 </td> <td>+10 </td> <td>+2,0 </td> <td>+0,3 </td> <td>+40 </td> <td>+4 </td> <td>+300 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>Trimester 3 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>+300 </td> <td>+20 </td> <td>+10 </td> <td>+2,0 </td> <td>+0,3 </td> <td>+40 </td> <td>+4 </td> <td>+300 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="11"><i><u><b>Menyusui (+an)</b></u></i> </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>6 bln pertama </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>+330 </td> <td>+20 </td> <td>+11 </td> <td>+2,0 </td> <td>+0,2 </td> <td>+45 </td> <td>+5 </td> <td>+800 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>6 bln kedua </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>+400 </td> <td>+20 </td> <td>+13 </td> <td>+2,0 </td> <td>+0,2 </td> <td>+55 </td> <td>+6 </td> <td>+650 </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18833634"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-roman"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-TBBB-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TBBB_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TBBB_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nilai median berat badan (BB) dan tinggi badan (TB) orang Indonesia dengan status gizi normal berdasarkan Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2007 dan 2010. Angka ini dicantumkan agar AKG dapat disesuaikan dengan kondisi berat dan tinggi badan kelompok yang bersangkutan.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vitamin">Vitamin</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Sunting bagian: Vitamin" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&action=edit&section=11" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Vitamin"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Tabel 2.</b> Angka Kecukupan <a href="/wiki/Vitamin" title="Vitamin">Vitamin</a> yang dianjurkan untuk orang Indonesia (perorang perhari)<sup id="cite_ref-Permenkes752013_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Permenkes752013-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="reference plainlinksneverexpand" style="white-space:nowrap"><sup>:7-8</sup></span> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Kelompok<br />umur </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Vitamin_A" title="Vitamin A">Vit. A</a><br />(μg) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Vitamin_D" title="Vitamin D">Vit. D</a><br />(μg) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Vitamin_E" title="Vitamin E">Vit. E</a><br />(mg) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Vitamin_K" title="Vitamin K">Vit. K</a><br />(μg) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Vitamin_B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitamin B1">Vit. B1</a><br />(mg) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Vitamin_B2" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitamin B2">Vit. B2</a><br />(mg) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Vitamin_B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitamin B3">Vit. B3</a><br />(mg) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Vitamin_B5" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitamin B5">Vit. B5</a><br />(Pantotenat)<br />(mg) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Vitamin_B6" title="Vitamin B6">Vit. B6</a><br />(mg) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Folat" class="mw-redirect" title="Folat">Folat</a><br />(μg) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Vitamin_B12" title="Vitamin B12">Vit. B12</a><br />(μg) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Biotin" title="Biotin">Biotin</a><br />(μg) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Kolin" class="mw-redirect" title="Kolin">Kolin</a><br />(mg) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Vitamin_C" title="Vitamin C">Vit. C</a><br />(mg) </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="15"><u><i><b>Bayi / Anak</b></i></u> </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>0–6 bulan </td> <td>375 </td> <td>5 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>5 </td> <td>0,3 </td> <td>0,3 </td> <td>2 </td> <td>1,7 </td> <td>0,1 </td> <td>65 </td> <td>0,4 </td> <td>5 </td> <td>125 </td> <td>40 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>7–11 bulan </td> <td>400 </td> <td>5 </td> <td>5 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>0,4 </td> <td>0,4 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>1,8 </td> <td>0,3 </td> <td>80 </td> <td>0,5 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>150 </td> <td>50 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>1–3 tahun </td> <td>400 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>0,6 </td> <td>0,7 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>2,0 </td> <td>0,5 </td> <td>160 </td> <td>0,9 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>200 </td> <td>40 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>4–6 tahun </td> <td>450 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>7 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>0,8 </td> <td>1,0 </td> <td>9 </td> <td>2,0 </td> <td>0,6 </td> <td>200 </td> <td>1,2 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>250 </td> <td>45 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>7–9 tahun </td> <td>500 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>7 </td> <td>25 </td> <td>0,9 </td> <td>1,1 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>3,0 </td> <td>1,0 </td> <td>300 </td> <td>1,2 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>375 </td> <td>45 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="15"><u><i><b>Laki-laki</b></i></u> </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>10–12 tahun </td> <td>600 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>11 </td> <td>35 </td> <td>1,1 </td> <td>1,3 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>4,0 </td> <td>1,3 </td> <td>400 </td> <td>1,8 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>375 </td> <td>50 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>13–15 tahun </td> <td>600 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>55 </td> <td>1,2 </td> <td>1,5 </td> <td>14 </td> <td>5,0 </td> <td>1,3 </td> <td>400 </td> <td>2,4 </td> <td>25 </td> <td>550 </td> <td>75 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>16–18 tahun </td> <td>600 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>55 </td> <td>1,3 </td> <td>1,6 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>5,0 </td> <td>1,3 </td> <td>400 </td> <td>2,4 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>550 </td> <td>90 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>19–29 tahun </td> <td>600 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>65 </td> <td>1,4 </td> <td>1,6 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>5,0 </td> <td>1,3 </td> <td>400 </td> <td>2,4 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>550 </td> <td>90 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>30–49 tahun </td> <td>600 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>65 </td> <td>1,3 </td> <td>1,6 </td> <td>14 </td> <td>5,0 </td> <td>1,3 </td> <td>400 </td> <td>2,4 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>550 </td> <td>90 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>50–64 tahun </td> <td>600 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>65 </td> <td>1,2 </td> <td>1,4 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>5,0 </td> <td>1,7 </td> <td>400 </td> <td>2,4 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>550 </td> <td>90 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>65–80 tahun </td> <td>600 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>65 </td> <td>1,0 </td> <td>1,1 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>5,0 </td> <td>1,7 </td> <td>400 </td> <td>2,4 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>550 </td> <td>90 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>80+ tahun </td> <td>600 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>65 </td> <td>0,8 </td> <td>0,9 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>5,0 </td> <td>1,7 </td> <td>400 </td> <td>2,4 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>550 </td> <td>90 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="15"><u><i><b>Perempuan</b></i></u> </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>10–12 tahun </td> <td>600 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>11 </td> <td>35 </td> <td>1,0 </td> <td>1,2 </td> <td>11 </td> <td>4,0 </td> <td>1,2 </td> <td>400 </td> <td>1,8 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>375 </td> <td>50 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>13–15 tahun </td> <td>600 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>55 </td> <td>1,1 </td> <td>1,3 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>5,0 </td> <td>1,2 </td> <td>400 </td> <td>2,4 </td> <td>25 </td> <td>400 </td> <td>65 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>16–18 tahun </td> <td>600 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>55 </td> <td>1,1 </td> <td>1,3 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>5,0 </td> <td>1,2 </td> <td>400 </td> <td>2,4 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>425 </td> <td>75 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>19–29 tahun </td> <td>500 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>55 </td> <td>1,1 </td> <td>1,4 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>5,0 </td> <td>1,3 </td> <td>400 </td> <td>2,4 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>425 </td> <td>75 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>30–49 tahun </td> <td>500 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>55 </td> <td>1,1 </td> <td>1,3 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>5,0 </td> <td>1,3 </td> <td>400 </td> <td>2,4 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>425 </td> <td>75 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>50–64 tahun </td> <td>500 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>55 </td> <td>1.0 </td> <td>1,1 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>5,0 </td> <td>1,5 </td> <td>400 </td> <td>2,4 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>425 </td> <td>75 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>65–80 tahun </td> <td>500 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>55 </td> <td>0,8 </td> <td>0,9 </td> <td>9 </td> <td>5,0 </td> <td>1,5 </td> <td>400 </td> <td>2,4 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>425 </td> <td>75 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>80+ tahun </td> <td>500 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>55 </td> <td>0,7 </td> <td>0,9 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>5,0 </td> <td>1,5 </td> <td>400 </td> <td>2,4 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>425 </td> <td>75 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="15"><i><u><b>Hamil (+an)</b></u></i> </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>Trimester 1 </td> <td>+300 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+0,3 </td> <td>+0,3 </td> <td>+4 </td> <td>+1,0 </td> <td>+0,4 </td> <td>+200 </td> <td>+0,2 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+25 </td> <td>+10 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>Trimester 2 </td> <td>+300 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+0,3 </td> <td>+0,3 </td> <td>+4 </td> <td>+1,0 </td> <td>+0,4 </td> <td>+200 </td> <td>+0,2 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+25 </td> <td>+10 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>Trimester 3 </td> <td>+350 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+0,3 </td> <td>+0,3 </td> <td>+4 </td> <td>+1,0 </td> <td>+0,4 </td> <td>+200 </td> <td>+0,2 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+25 </td> <td>+10 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="15"><i><u><b>Menyusui (+an)</b></u></i> </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>6 bln pertama </td> <td>+350 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+4 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+0,3 </td> <td>+0,4 </td> <td>+3 </td> <td>+2,0 </td> <td>+0,5 </td> <td>+100 </td> <td>+0,4 </td> <td>+5 </td> <td>+75 </td> <td>+25 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>6 bln kedua </td> <td>+350 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+4 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+0,3 </td> <td>+0,4 </td> <td>+3 </td> <td>+2,0 </td> <td>+0,5 </td> <td>+100 </td> <td>+0,4 </td> <td>+5 </td> <td>+75 </td> <td>+25 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mineral">Mineral</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Sunting bagian: Mineral" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&action=edit&section=12" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Mineral"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Tabel 3.</b> Angka Kecukupan <a href="/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral">Mineral</a> yang dianjurkan untuk orang Indonesia (perorang perhari)<sup id="cite_ref-Permenkes752013_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Permenkes752013-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="reference plainlinksneverexpand" style="white-space:nowrap"><sup>:9-10</sup></span> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Kelompok<br />umur </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Kalsium" title="Kalsium">Kalsium</a><br />(mg) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor">Fosfor</a><br />(mg) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">Magensium</a><br />(mg) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">Natrium</a><br />(mg) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium">Kalium</a><br />(mg) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan">Mangan</a><br />(mg) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Tembaga" title="Tembaga">Tembaga</a><br />(μg) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Kromium" title="Kromium">Kromium</a><br />(μg) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Besi" title="Besi">Besi</a><br />(mg) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Iodium" class="mw-redirect" title="Iodium">Iodium</a><br />(μg) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Seng" title="Seng">Seng</a><br />(mg) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Selenium" title="Selenium">Selenium</a><br />(μg) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Fluor" class="mw-redirect" title="Fluor">Fluor</a><br />(mg) </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14"><u><i><b>Bayi / Anak</b></i></u> </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>0–6 bulan </td> <td>200 </td> <td>100 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>120 </td> <td>500 </td> <td>– </td> <td>200 </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>90 </td> <td>– </td> <td>5 </td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>7–11 bulan </td> <td>250 </td> <td>250 </td> <td>55 </td> <td>200 </td> <td>700 </td> <td>0,6 </td> <td>220 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>7 </td> <td>120 </td> <td>3 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>0,4 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>1–3 tahun </td> <td>650 </td> <td>500 </td> <td>60 </td> <td>1000 </td> <td>3000 </td> <td>1,2 </td> <td>340 </td> <td>11 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>120 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>17 </td> <td>0,6 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>4–6 tahun </td> <td>1000 </td> <td>500 </td> <td>95 </td> <td>1200 </td> <td>3800 </td> <td>1,5 </td> <td>440 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>9 </td> <td>120 </td> <td>5 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>0,9 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>7–9 tahun </td> <td>1000 </td> <td>500 </td> <td>120 </td> <td>1200 </td> <td>4500 </td> <td>1,7 </td> <td>570 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>120 </td> <td>11 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>1,2 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14"><u><i><b>Laki-laki</b></i></u> </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>10–12 tahun </td> <td>1200 </td> <td>1200 </td> <td>150 </td> <td>1500 </td> <td>4500 </td> <td>1,9 </td> <td>700 </td> <td>25 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>120 </td> <td>14 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>1,7 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>13–15 tahun </td> <td>1200 </td> <td>1200 </td> <td>200 </td> <td>1500 </td> <td>4700 </td> <td>2,2 </td> <td>800 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>19 </td> <td>150 </td> <td>18 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>2,4 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>16–18 tahun </td> <td>1200 </td> <td>1200 </td> <td>250 </td> <td>1500 </td> <td>4700 </td> <td>2,3 </td> <td>890 </td> <td>35 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>150 </td> <td>17 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>2,7 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>19–29 tahun </td> <td>1100 </td> <td>700 </td> <td>350 </td> <td>1500 </td> <td>4700 </td> <td>2,3 </td> <td>900 </td> <td>35 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>150 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>3,0 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>30–49 tahun </td> <td>1000 </td> <td>700 </td> <td>350 </td> <td>1500 </td> <td>4700 </td> <td>2,3 </td> <td>900 </td> <td>35 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>150 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>3,1 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>50–64 tahun </td> <td>1000 </td> <td>700 </td> <td>350 </td> <td>1300 </td> <td>4700 </td> <td>2,3 </td> <td>900 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>150 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>3,1 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>65–80 tahun </td> <td>1000 </td> <td>700 </td> <td>350 </td> <td>1200 </td> <td>4700 </td> <td>2,3 </td> <td>900 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>150 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>3,1 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>80+ tahun </td> <td>1000 </td> <td>700 </td> <td>350 </td> <td>1200 </td> <td>4700 </td> <td>2,3 </td> <td>900 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>150 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>3,1 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14"><u><i><b>Perempuan</b></i></u> </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>10–12 tahun </td> <td>1200 </td> <td>1200 </td> <td>155 </td> <td>1500 </td> <td>4500 </td> <td>1,6 </td> <td>700 </td> <td>21 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>120 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>1,9 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>13–15 tahun </td> <td>1200 </td> <td>1200 </td> <td>200 </td> <td>1500 </td> <td>4500 </td> <td>1,6 </td> <td>800 </td> <td>22 </td> <td>26 </td> <td>150 </td> <td>16 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>2,4 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>16–18 tahun </td> <td>1200 </td> <td>1200 </td> <td>220 </td> <td>1500 </td> <td>4700 </td> <td>1,6 </td> <td>890 </td> <td>24 </td> <td>26 </td> <td>150 </td> <td>14 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>2,5 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>19–29 tahun </td> <td>1100 </td> <td>700 </td> <td>310 </td> <td>1500 </td> <td>4700 </td> <td>1,8 </td> <td>900 </td> <td>25 </td> <td>26 </td> <td>150 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>2,5 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>30–49 tahun </td> <td>1000 </td> <td>700 </td> <td>320 </td> <td>1500 </td> <td>4700 </td> <td>1,8 </td> <td>900 </td> <td>25 </td> <td>26 </td> <td>150 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>2,7 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>50–64 tahun </td> <td>1000 </td> <td>700 </td> <td>320 </td> <td>1300 </td> <td>4700 </td> <td>1,8 </td> <td>900 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>150 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>2,7 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>65–80 tahun </td> <td>1000 </td> <td>700 </td> <td>320 </td> <td>1200 </td> <td>4700 </td> <td>1,8 </td> <td>900 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>150 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>2,7 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>80+ tahun </td> <td>1000 </td> <td>700 </td> <td>320 </td> <td>1200 </td> <td>4700 </td> <td>1,8 </td> <td>900 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>150 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>2,7 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14"><i><u><b>Hamil (+an)</b></u></i> </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>Trimester 1 </td> <td>+200 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+40 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+0,2 </td> <td>+100 </td> <td>+5 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+70 </td> <td>+2 </td> <td>+5 </td> <td>+0 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>Trimester 2 </td> <td>+200 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+40 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+0,2 </td> <td>+100 </td> <td>+5 </td> <td>+9 </td> <td>+70 </td> <td>+4 </td> <td>+5 </td> <td>+0 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>Trimester 3 </td> <td>+200 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+40 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+0,2 </td> <td>+100 </td> <td>+5 </td> <td>+13 </td> <td>+70 </td> <td>+10 </td> <td>+5 </td> <td>+0 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14"><i><u><b>Menyusui (+an)</b></u></i> </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>6 bln pertama </td> <td>+200 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+400 </td> <td>+0,8 </td> <td>+400 </td> <td>+20 </td> <td>+6 </td> <td>+100 </td> <td>+5 </td> <td>+10 </td> <td>+0 </td></tr> <tr align="right"> <td>6 bln kedua </td> <td>+200 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+0 </td> <td>+400 </td> <td>+0,8 </td> <td>+400 </td> <td>+20 </td> <td>+8 </td> <td>+100 </td> <td>+5 </td> <td>+10 </td> <td>+0 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Sunting bagian: Lihat juga" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&action=edit&section=13" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Lihat juga"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mineral_(nutrisi)" title="Mineral (nutrisi)">Mineral diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asam_amino_esensial" class="mw-redirect" title="Asam amino esensial">Asam amino esensial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asam_lemak_esensial" title="Asam lemak esensial">Asam lemak esensial</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nutrisi_esensial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nutrisi esensial (halaman belum tersedia)">Nutrisi esensial</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Data_komposisi_pangan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Data komposisi pangan (halaman belum tersedia)">Data komposisi pangan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gizi_seimbang" title="Gizi seimbang">Gizi seimbang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diet_sehat" title="Diet sehat">Diet sehat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hipervitaminosis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hipervitaminosis (halaman belum tersedia)">Hipervitaminosis</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&action=edit&section=14" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18833634"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-HealthCanada-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HealthCanada_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HealthCanada_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/food-nutrition/healthy-eating/dietary-reference-intakes/consumer-guide-dris-dietary-reference-intakes.html">"A Consumer's Guide to the DRIs (Dietary Reference Intakes)"</a>. Health Canada. 2010-11-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2017-08-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Consumer%27s+Guide+to+the+DRIs+%28Dietary+Reference+Intakes%29&rft.pub=Health+Canada&rft.date=2010-11-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.canada.ca%2Fen%2Fhealth-canada%2Fservices%2Ffood-nutrition%2Fhealthy-eating%2Fdietary-reference-intakes%2Fconsumer-guide-dris-dietary-reference-intakes.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAsupan+Referensi+Diet" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DRI-APD-2003-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DRI-APD-2003_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10609&page=51"><i>Dietary Reference Intakes: Applications in Dietary Planning</i></a>. National Academy Press. 2003. hlm. 51. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-309-08853-4" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-309-08853-4">978-0-309-08853-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dietary+Reference+Intakes%3A+Applications+in+Dietary+Planning&rft.pages=51&rft.pub=National+Academy+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-309-08853-4&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nap.edu%2Fopenbook.php%3Frecord_id%3D10609%26page%3D51&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAsupan+Referensi+Diet" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FedReg-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FedReg_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2016-05-27/pdf/2016-11867.pdf">"Federal Register May 27, 2016 Food Labeling: Revision of the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels. 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Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2017-09-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Development+of+DRIs+1994%E2%80%932004%3A+Lessons+Learned+and+New+Challenges.+Workshop+Summary%2C+November+30%2C+2007&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.nap.edu%2Fopenbook.php%3Frecord_id%3D12086&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAsupan+Referensi+Diet" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ars.usda.gov/Services/docs.htm?docid=15672">"California"</a>. <i>Community Nutrition Mapping Project</i>. <a href="/wiki/USDA" class="mw-redirect" title="USDA">USDA</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agricultural_Research_Service&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agricultural Research Service (halaman belum tersedia)">Agricultural Research Service</a>. "All U.S." column<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">6 Nov</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Community+Nutrition+Mapping+Project&rft.atitle=California&rft.pages=%22All+U.S.%22+column&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ars.usda.gov%2FServices%2Fdocs.htm%3Fdocid%3D15672&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAsupan+Referensi+Diet" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Permenkes752013-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Permenkes752013_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Permenkes752013_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Permenkes752013_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160804101014/http://peraturan.bkpm.go.id/jdih/userfiles/batang/PMK%20No.%2075%20ttg%20Angka%20Kecukupan%20Gizi%20Bangsa%20Indonesia.pdf">"Lampiran"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>, <i>PERATURAN MENTERI KESEHATAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA NOMOR 75 TAHUN 2013 TENTANG ANGKA KECUKUPAN GIZI YANG DIANJURKAN BAGI BANGSA INDONESIA</i>, 10 Desember 2013, diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://peraturan.bkpm.go.id/jdih/userfiles/batang/PMK%20No.%2075%20ttg%20Angka%20Kecukupan%20Gizi%20Bangsa%20Indonesia.pdf">versi asli</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> tanggal 2016-08-04<span class="reference-accessdate">, diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2017-09-04</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PERATURAN+MENTERI+KESEHATAN+REPUBLIK+INDONESIA+NOMOR+75+TAHUN+2013+TENTANG+ANGKA+KECUKUPAN+GIZI+YANG+DIANJURKAN+BAGI+BANGSA+INDONESIA&rft.atitle=Lampiran&rft.date=2013-12-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fperaturan.bkpm.go.id%2Fjdih%2Fuserfiles%2Fbatang%2FPMK%2520No.%252075%2520ttg%2520Angka%2520Kecukupan%2520Gizi%2520Bangsa%2520Indonesia.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAsupan+Referensi+Diet" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bacaan_lanjutan">Bacaan lanjutan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Sunting bagian: Bacaan lanjutan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&action=edit&section=15" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Bacaan lanjutan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">Nestle, Marion (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/foodpoliticshowf00nest"><i>Food Politics</i></a>. Berkeley: University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-520-22465-5" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-520-22465-5">0-520-22465-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Food+Politics&rft.place=Berkeley&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-520-22465-5&rft.au=Nestle%2C+Marion&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffoodpoliticshowf00nest&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAsupan+Referensi+Diet" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFPanel_on_Micronutrients2001" class="citation book">Panel on Micronutrients, Subcommittees on Upper Reference Levels of Nutrients and of Interpretation and Use of Dietary Reference Intakes, and the Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10026"><i>Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc</i></a>. Washington DC: National Academy Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-309-07279-4" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-309-07279-4">0-309-07279-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dietary+Reference+Intakes+for+Vitamin+A%2C+Vitamin+K%2C+Arsenic%2C+Boron%2C+Chromium%2C+Copper%2C+Iodine%2C+Iron%2C+Manganese%2C+Molybdenum%2C+Nickel%2C+Silicon%2C+Vanadium%2C+and+Zinc&rft.place=Washington+DC&rft.pub=National+Academy+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-309-07279-4&rft.au=Panel+on+Micronutrients%2C+Subcommittees+on+Upper+Reference+Levels+of+Nutrients+and+of+Interpretation+and+Use+of+Dietary+Reference+Intakes%2C+and+the+Standing+Committee+on+the+Scientific+Evaluation+of+Dietary+Reference+Intakes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.nap.edu%2Fcatalog.php%3Frecord_id%3D10026&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAsupan+Referensi+Diet" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Banyak_nama:_authors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list">link</a>) </span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pranala_luar">Pranala luar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Sunting bagian: Pranala luar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&action=edit&section=16" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pranala luar"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalacademies.org/hmd/Activities/Nutrition/SummaryDRIs/DRI-Tables.aspx">Dietary Reference Intakes Tables and Application, Institute of Medicine of the National Academies</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diperoleh dari "<a dir="ltr" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&oldid=23150297">https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Asupan_Referensi_Diet&oldid=23150297</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Daftar_kategori" title="Istimewa:Daftar kategori">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Nutrisi" title="Kategori:Nutrisi">Nutrisi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Vitamin" title="Kategori:Vitamin">Vitamin</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kategori tersembunyi: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Templat_webarchive_tautan_wayback" title="Kategori:Templat webarchive tautan wayback">Templat webarchive tautan wayback</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Banyak_nama:_authors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list">Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Halaman ini terakhir diubah pada 22 Maret 2023, pukul 13.59.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Teks tersedia di bawah <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Lisensi Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa Creative Commons</a>; ketentuan tambahan mungkin berlaku. 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