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class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Identifikasi_Asam_Amino" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Identifikasi_Asam_Amino"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Identifikasi Asam Amino</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Identifikasi_Asam_Amino-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Analisis_Asam_Amino" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Analisis_Asam_Amino"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Analisis Asam Amino</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Analisis_Asam_Amino-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Analisis Asam Amino</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Analisis_Asam_Amino-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tes_Xantro_Protein" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tes_Xantro_Protein"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Tes Xantro Protein</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tes_Xantro_Protein-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tes_biuret" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tes_biuret"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span><b>Tes biuret</b></span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Tes_biuret-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian <b>Tes biuret</b></span> </button> <ul id="toc-Tes_biuret-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tes_hopkins-cole" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tes_hopkins-cole"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span><b>Tes hopkins-cole</b></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tes_hopkins-cole-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tes_Ninhydrin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tes_Ninhydrin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Tes Ninhydrin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tes_Ninhydrin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Klasifikasi_Asam_Amino" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klasifikasi_Asam_Amino"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Klasifikasi Asam Amino</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Klasifikasi_Asam_Amino-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Klasifikasi Asam Amino</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Klasifikasi_Asam_Amino-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Asam_Amino_Non_Esensial" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asam_Amino_Non_Esensial"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Asam Amino Non Esensial</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asam_Amino_Non_Esensial-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asam_Amino_Esensial" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asam_Amino_Esensial"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span><b>Asam Amino Esensial</b></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asam_Amino_Esensial-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sejarah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sejarah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Sejarah</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Struktur_umum" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Struktur_umum"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Struktur umum</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Struktur_umum-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Struktur umum</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Struktur_umum-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Isomerisme" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Isomerisme"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Isomerisme</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Isomerisme-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Polimerisasi_asam_amino" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Polimerisasi_asam_amino"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Polimerisasi asam amino</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Polimerisasi_asam_amino-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zwitter-ion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zwitter-ion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Zwitter-ion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zwitter-ion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asam_amino_dasar_(standar)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asam_amino_dasar_(standar)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Asam amino dasar (standar)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Asam_amino_dasar_(standar)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Asam amino dasar (standar)</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Asam_amino_dasar_(standar)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Asam_amino_alifatik_sederhana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asam_amino_alifatik_sederhana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Asam amino alifatik sederhana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asam_amino_alifatik_sederhana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asam_amino_hidroksi-alifatik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asam_amino_hidroksi-alifatik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Asam amino hidroksi-alifatik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asam_amino_hidroksi-alifatik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asam_amino_dikarboksilat_(asam)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asam_amino_dikarboksilat_(asam)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Asam amino dikarboksilat (asam)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asam_amino_dikarboksilat_(asam)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Amida" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Amida"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Amida</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Amida-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asam_amino_basa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asam_amino_basa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.5</span> <span>Asam amino basa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asam_amino_basa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asam_amino_dengan_sulfur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asam_amino_dengan_sulfur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.6</span> <span>Asam amino dengan sulfur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asam_amino_dengan_sulfur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prolin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prolin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.7</span> <span>Prolin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prolin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asam_amino_aromatik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asam_amino_aromatik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.8</span> <span>Asam amino aromatik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asam_amino_aromatik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fungsi_biologi_asam_amino" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fungsi_biologi_asam_amino"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Fungsi biologi asam amino</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fungsi_biologi_asam_amino-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asam_amino_esensial_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asam_amino_esensial_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Asam amino esensial</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asam_amino_esensial_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_pula" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_pula"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Lihat pula</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_pula-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Catatan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Catatan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Catatan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Catatan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Pranala luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Daftar Isi" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Asam amino</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 111 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-111" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">111 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminosuur" title="Aminosuur – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Aminosuur" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%B6_%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A" title="حمض أميني – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حمض أميني" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E2%80%99_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1" title="এমিন’ এছিড – Assam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="এমিন’ এছিড" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino%C3%A1cidu" title="Aminoácidu – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Aminoácidu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amintur%C5%9Fular" title="Aminturşular – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Aminturşular" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="آمینو اسید – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آمینو اسید" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asidong_amino" title="Asidong amino – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Asidong amino" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Амінакіслоты – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Амінакіслоты" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Амінакісьлі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Амінакісьлі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Аминокиселина – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Аминокиселина" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8B_%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1" title="অ্যামিনো অ্যাসিড – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অ্যামিনো অ্যাসিড" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminokiselina" title="Aminokiselina – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Aminokiselina" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino%C3%A0cid" title="Aminoàcid – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Aminoàcid" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B4%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C" title="ترشی ئەمینی – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ترشی ئەمینی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminokyselina" title="Aminokyselina – Ceko" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Aminokyselina" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Ceko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9%D3%B3%C3%A7%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Аминойӳçек – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Аминойӳçек" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asid_amino" title="Asid amino – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Asid amino" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminosyre" title="Aminosyre – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Aminosyre" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminos%C3%A4uren" title="Aminosäuren – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Aminosäuren" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BE%CE%AD%CE%B1" title="Αμινοξέα – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αμινοξέα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid" title="Amino acid – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Amino acid" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoacido" title="Aminoacido – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Aminoacido" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino%C3%A1cido" title="Aminoácido – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Aminoácido" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminohapped" title="Aminohapped – Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Aminohapped" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoazido" title="Aminoazido – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Aminoazido" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="آمینو اسید – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آمینو اسید" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminohapot" title="Aminohapot – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Aminohapot" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminos%C3%BDra" title="Aminosýra – Faroe" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Aminosýra" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acide_amin%C3%A9" title="Acide aminé – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Acide aminé" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminos%C3%BCren" title="Aminosüren – Frisia Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Aminosüren" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aim%C3%ADonaig%C3%A9ad" title="Aimíonaigéad – Irlandia" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Aimíonaigéad" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino%C3%A1cido" title="Aminoácido – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Aminoácido" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid" title="Amino acid – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Amino acid" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%94n-k%C3%AE-s%C3%B4n" title="Ôn-kî-sôn – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Ôn-kî-sôn" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%A6%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%95" title="חומצת אמינו – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חומצת אמינו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2" title="अमीनो अम्ल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अमीनो अम्ल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminokiselina" title="Aminokiselina – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Aminokiselina" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asid_amine" title="Asid amine – Kreol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Asid amine" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Kreol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminosavak" title="Aminosavak – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Aminosavak" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%A9%D5%A9%D5%B8%D6%82" title="Ամինաթթու – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ամինաթթու" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoacido" title="Aminoacido – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Aminoacido" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoacido" title="Aminoacido – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Aminoacido" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Am%C3%ADn%C3%B3s%C3%BDra" title="Amínósýra – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Amínósýra" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amminoacido" title="Amminoacido – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Amminoacido" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%9F%E3%83%8E%E9%85%B8" title="アミノ酸 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アミノ酸" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asem_amino" title="Asem amino – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Asem amino" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9F%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ამინომჟავები – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ამინომჟავები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminokislotalar" title="Aminokislotalar – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Aminokislotalar" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D2%9B%D1%8B%D1%88%D2%9B%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Аминқышқылдар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Аминқышқылдар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%81" title="អាស៊ីតអាមីនេ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="អាស៊ីតអាមីនេ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8A_%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2" title="ಅಮಿನೊ ಆಮ್ಲ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಮಿನೊ ಆಮ್ಲ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%AF%B8%EB%85%B8%EC%82%B0" title="아미노산 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아미노산" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8E%D9%85%D9%8E%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%90%DA%88" title="اَمَینو ایسِڈ – Kashmir" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="اَمَینو ایسِڈ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/As%C3%AEda_am%C3%AEn%C3%AE" title="Asîda amînî – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Asîda amînî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B_(%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0)" title="Амин кычкылдыктары (аминокислота) – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Амин кычкылдыктары (аминокислота)" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoacidum" title="Aminoacidum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Aminoacidum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminosaier" title="Aminosaier – Luksemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Aminosaier" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminozoer" title="Aminozoer – Limburgia" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Aminozoer" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminuacid" title="Aminuacid – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Aminuacid" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminor%C5%ABg%C5%A1tys" title="Aminorūgštys – Lituania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Aminorūgštys" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminosk%C4%81bes" title="Aminoskābes – Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Aminoskābes" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Аминокиселина – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Аминокиселина" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8B_%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82" title="അമിനോ അമ്ലം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അമിനോ അമ്ലം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%85%D2%AF%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Амин хүчил – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Амин хүчил" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2" title="अमिनो आम्ल – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अमिनो आम्ल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asid_amino" title="Asid amino – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Asid amino" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF_%E1%80%A1%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%86%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA" title="အမိုင်နို အက်ဆစ် – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အမိုင်နို အက်ဆစ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminozuur" title="Aminozuur – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Aminozuur" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminosyre" title="Aminosyre – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Aminosyre" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminosyre" title="Aminosyre – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Aminosyre" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino-aside" title="Amino-aside – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Amino-aside" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoacid" title="Aminoacid – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Aminoacid" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoo_Asidii" title="Aminoo Asidii – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Aminoo Asidii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%8B_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC" title="ਅਮੀਨੋ ਤਿਜ਼ਾਬ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਮੀਨੋ ਤਿਜ਼ਾਬ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminokwasy" title="Aminokwasy – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Aminokwasy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%DA%88" title="امینو ایسڈ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="امینو ایسڈ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AF" title="امينو اسيد – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="امينو اسيد" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino%C3%A1cido" title="Aminoácido – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Aminoácido" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoacid" title="Aminoacid – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Aminoacid" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Аминокислоты – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аминокислоты" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminosivra" title="Aminosivra – Sami Utara" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Aminosivra" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Sami Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminokiselina" title="Aminokiselina – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Aminokiselina" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%87%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%9D_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD" title="ඇමයිනෝ අම්ල – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඇමයිනෝ අම්ල" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid" title="Amino acid – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Amino acid" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminokyselina" title="Aminokyselina – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Aminokyselina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminokislina" title="Aminokislina – Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Aminokislina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoacidet" title="Aminoacidet – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Aminoacidet" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Аминокиселина – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Аминокиселина" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminos%C3%BC%C3%BCren" title="Aminosüüren – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Aminosüüren" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asam_amino" title="Asam amino – Sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Asam amino" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminosyror" title="Aminosyror – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Aminosyror" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asidi_amino" title="Asidi amino – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Asidi amino" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8B_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="அமினோ அமிலம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அமினோ அமிலம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8B_%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="ఎమైనో ఆమ్లాలు – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఎమైనో ఆమ్లాలు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BE" title="Аминокислотаҳо – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Аминокислотаҳо" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%99" title="กรดอะมิโน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กรดอะมิโน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asidong_amino" title="Asidong amino – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Asidong amino" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_asit" title="Amino asit – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Amino asit" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Амінокислоти – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Амінокислоти" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%DA%88" title="امینو ایسڈ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="امینو ایسڈ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminokislotalar" title="Aminokislotalar – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Aminokislotalar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid" title="Amino acid – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Amino acid" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminozuur" title="Aminozuur – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Aminozuur" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoasido" title="Aminoasido – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Aminoasido" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%A8%E5%9F%BA%E9%85%B8" title="氨基酸 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="氨基酸" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%90-%D7%96%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%A1" title="אמינא-זייערס – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אמינא-זייערס" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80w%E1%BB%8Dn_Amino_acid" title="Àwọn Amino acid – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Àwọn Amino acid" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%A8%E5%9F%BA%E9%85%B8" title="氨基酸 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="氨基酸" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%A8%E5%9F%BA%E9%85%B8" title="氨基酸 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="氨基酸" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/An-ki-sng" title="An-ki-sng – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="An-ki-sng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%A8%E5%9F%BA%E9%85%B8" title="氨基酸 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="氨基酸" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Dialihkan dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino_esensial&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Asam amino esensial">Asam amino esensial</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Amino_Acid_Structure.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Amino_Acid_Structure.png/300px-Amino_Acid_Structure.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Amino_Acid_Structure.png/450px-Amino_Acid_Structure.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Amino_Acid_Structure.png/600px-Amino_Acid_Structure.png 2x" data-file-width="4096" data-file-height="3072" /></a><figcaption>Struktur asam amino alfa dalam bentuk yang tidak terionisasi</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Asam amino</b> adalah <a href="/wiki/Kimia_organik" title="Kimia organik">senyawa organik</a> yang memiliki <a href="/wiki/Gugus_fungsi" title="Gugus fungsi">gugus fungsi</a> <a href="/wiki/Karboksil" class="mw-redirect" title="Karboksil">karboksil</a> (–COOH) dan <a href="/wiki/Amina" title="Amina">amina</a> (biasanya –NH<sub>2</sub>), serta <a href="/wiki/Substituen" title="Substituen">rantai samping</a> (gugus R) yang spesifik untuk setiap jenis asam amino.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dalam <a href="/wiki/Biokimia" title="Biokimia">biokimia</a> sering kali pengertiannya dipersempit: gugus karboksil dan amina terikat pada satu atom <a href="/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon">karbon</a> (C) yang sama (disebut <a href="/wiki/Karbon_alfa" title="Karbon alfa">karbon alfa atau karbon-α</a>). Dalam kasus ini, mereka dikenal sebagai <i>asam amino-2</i> atau <i>asam amino-alfa</i> (<a href="/wiki/Rumus_kimia" title="Rumus kimia">rumus</a> umumnya H<sub>2</sub>NCHRCOOH, kecuali pada <a href="/wiki/Prolina" title="Prolina">prolina</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). Gugus karboksil memberikan sifat <a href="/wiki/Asam" title="Asam">asam</a> dan gugus amina memberikan sifat <a href="/wiki/Basa" title="Basa">basa</a>. Dalam bentuk larutan, asam amino bersifat <a href="/wiki/Amfoterisme" title="Amfoterisme">amfoterik</a>: cenderung menjadi asam pada larutan basa dan menjadi basa pada larutan asam. Perilaku ini terjadi karena asam amino mampu menjadi <a href="/wiki/Ion_zwitter" title="Ion zwitter">ion zwitter</a>. </p><p>Ada sekitar 500 asam amino yang telah diketahui, meskipun hanya 20 yang dihasilkan oleh <a href="/wiki/Kode_genetik" title="Kode genetik">kode genetik</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dua puluh asam amino standar ini, ditambah dengan dua asam amino lainnya, merupakan asam amino yang menjadi komponen penyusun <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">protein</a> sehingga disebut <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino_proteinogenik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asam amino proteinogenik (halaman belum tersedia)">asam amino proteinogenik</a>. Asam amino-asam amino ini bergabung melalui <a href="/wiki/Ikatan_peptida" title="Ikatan peptida">ikatan peptida</a> membentuk molekul besar yang disebut <a href="/wiki/Peptida" title="Peptida">peptida</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polipeptida" title="Polipeptida">polipeptida</a>, hingga protein. Selain berperan sebagai <a href="/wiki/Residu" title="Residu">residu</a> dalam protein, asam amino (baik proteinogenik maupun nonproteinogenik) juga berpartisipasi dalam sejumlah proses biologis misalnya glutamat (<a href="/wiki/Asam_glutamat" title="Asam glutamat">asam glutamat</a> standar) dan <a href="/wiki/Asam_gamma-aminobutirat" class="mw-redirect" title="Asam gamma-aminobutirat">asam gamma-aminobutirat</a> (GABA) yang berperan sebagai <a href="/wiki/Neurotransmiter" title="Neurotransmiter">neurotransmiter</a>. Sembilan asam amino proteinogenik disebut "<a href="/wiki/Asam_amino_esensial" class="mw-redirect" title="Asam amino esensial">esensial</a>" bagi manusia karena tidak bisa diproduksi oleh tubuh manusia dari <a href="/wiki/Senyawa_kimia" title="Senyawa kimia">senyawa</a> lain sehingga harus diperoleh dari makanan. Asam amino lainnya mungkin bersifat esensial dalam kondisi tertentu, misalnya untuk usia atau kondisi medis tertentu. Asam amino esensial juga dapat berbeda-beda di antara <a href="/wiki/Spesies" title="Spesies">spesies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Karena signifikansi biologisnya, asam amino penting dalam nutrisi dan biasanya digunakan dalam <a href="/wiki/Suplemen_makanan" title="Suplemen makanan">suplemen nutrisi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pupuk" title="Pupuk">pupuk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakan_hewan_ternak" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakan hewan ternak">pakan</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Teknologi_pangan" title="Teknologi pangan">teknologi makanan</a>. Penggunaan asam amino dalam industri misalnya produksi <a href="/wiki/Medikasi" title="Medikasi">obat-obatan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plastik_terdegradasi_biologis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plastik terdegradasi biologis (halaman belum tersedia)">plastik terdegradasi biologis</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Katalisis_asimetris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katalisis asimetris (halaman belum tersedia)">katalis kiral</a>. Asam-asam amino yang terdapat dalam protein adalah α-aminokarboksilat, variasi dalam struktur monomer-monomer ini terjadi dalam <a href="/wiki/Rantai_samping" title="Rantai samping">rantai samping</a>. Asam amino tersederhana adalah asam aminoasetat (H<sub>2</sub>NCH<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>2</sub>H) yang di sebut glisina yang tidak memiliki rantai samping dank arena itu tidak mengandung satu karbon kiral <sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Identifikasi_Asam_Amino">Identifikasi Asam Amino</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Identifikasi Asam Amino" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Identifikasi Asam Amino"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Molecular_structures_of_the_21_proteinogenic_amino_acids.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="struktur asam amino" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Molecular_structures_of_the_21_proteinogenic_amino_acids.svg/220px-Molecular_structures_of_the_21_proteinogenic_amino_acids.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Molecular_structures_of_the_21_proteinogenic_amino_acids.svg/330px-Molecular_structures_of_the_21_proteinogenic_amino_acids.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Molecular_structures_of_the_21_proteinogenic_amino_acids.svg/440px-Molecular_structures_of_the_21_proteinogenic_amino_acids.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="612" data-file-height="792" /></a><figcaption>struktur asam amino</figcaption></figure> <p>Perkembangan penelitian tentang asam amino menurut Quigley,et al., (2019). Dengan menggunakan GC-MS <i>(Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry)</i> menyelidiki kadar asam amino diberbagai ekstrak tumbuhan dan produk makanan, dan pengaruh proses fermentasi terhadap kadar asam amino yang di teliti dalam sosis. Beberapa metode sebelum asam amino dianalisis, maka proteinnya harus dihidrolisis terlebih dahulu sehingga mengahasilkan asam amino bebas. Masalah yang dikuartirkan adalah rusaknya asam amino oleh hidrolisis asam amino. Reaksi menjadi lebh tinggi justru asam amino essensial dan asam amino pembatas yang lebih sering mengalami kerusakan seperti metionin dan sistein, oleh karena prlu adanya prosedur baku. Sejauh ini perkembangan analisis asam amino banyak menggunakan HPLC dan GC-MS keduanya memiliki kompoenen yang berbeda. Dari peneliti-peneliti sebelumnya identifikasi asam amino menggunakan instrument GC-MS, ada beberapa tahap hidrolisis protein dan tahap derivatisasi </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Analisis_Asam_Amino">Analisis Asam Amino</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Analisis Asam Amino" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Analisis Asam Amino"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Analisis asam amino  atau mengidentifikasi asam amino bisa dilakukan dengan tes xantroprotein, tes biuret, tes hopkins-cole dan tes nin hydrin. Metode analisis asam amino memerlukan perlakuan pendahuluan terhadap sampel, yaitu untuk menghidrolisis protein menjadi asam-asam amino bebas. Masalah utama dalam analisis asam amino bahan pangan adalah kemungkinan terjadinya destruksi asam amino selama proses hidrolisis oleh asam. Masalah ini menjadi lebih besar karena destruksi tersebut dapat terjadi justru pada asam-asam amino esensial, yaitu metionin, sistin, lisin, treonin, dan triptofan.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tes_Xantro_Protein">Tes Xantro Protein</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Tes Xantro Protein" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Tes Xantro Protein"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pereaksi xantoprotein adalah larutan asam nitrat pekat. Jika larutan HNO<sub>3</sub> pekat dimasukkan ke dalam larutan protein secara hati-hati, akan terbentuk endapan putih, dan berubah menjadi kuning jika dipanaskan. Gejala ini akibat nitrasi pada inti benzena yang terdapat dalam protein </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tes_biuret"><b>Tes biuret</b></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Tes biuret" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Tes biuret"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Larutan protein memberikan hasil yang positif terhadap pereaksi biuret. Tes Biuret dilakukan dengan cara menuangkan larutan natrium hidroksida pekat ke dalam larutan protein. Kemudian, larutan CuSO<sub>4</sub> ditambahkan setetes demi setetes yang akan terbentuk warna ungu </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tes_hopkins-cole"><b>Tes hopkins-cole</b></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Tes hopkins-cole" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Tes hopkins-cole"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pereaksi Hopkins-cole dibuat dari asam oksalat dan serbuk magnesium dalam air. Pereaksi ini positif terhadap protein yang mengandung asam amino dengan gugus samping indol, seperti pada asam amino triptofan. Bereaksi dengan asam glioksilat pada prekasi Hopkins-cole dengan penambahan H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> membentuk dua lapisan dibawah protein sampai terbentk cincin ungupada batas antar dua lapisan </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tes_Ninhydrin">Tes Ninhydrin</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Tes Ninhydrin" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Tes Ninhydrin"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pereaksi ninhidrin merupakan oksidator lemah, asam amino dapat bereaksi dengan ninhidrin </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Klasifikasi_Asam_Amino">Klasifikasi Asam Amino</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bagian: Klasifikasi Asam Amino" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Klasifikasi Asam Amino"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asam_Amino_Non_Esensial">Asam Amino Non Esensial</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bagian: Asam Amino Non Esensial" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Asam Amino Non Esensial"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Asparagin, alanine Aspartat, sistein ,Glutamin, Glutamat Glisin, Prolin, Tirosin, serin </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asam_Amino_Esensial"><b>Asam Amino Esensial</b></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Sunting bagian: Asam Amino Esensial" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Asam Amino Esensial"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Histidin, Isoleusin, Leusin, Lisin, Metionin, Penilalanin, Treonin, Triptofan, Valin. Arganin </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sejarah">Sejarah</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Sunting bagian: Sejarah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=10" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sejarah"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Beberapa asam amino pertama ditemukan pada awal abad ke-19.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pada tahun 1806, ahli kimia Prancis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis-Nicolas_Vauquelin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis-Nicolas Vauquelin (halaman belum tersedia)">Louis-Nicolas Vauquelin</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Jean_Robiquet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Jean Robiquet (halaman belum tersedia)">Pierre Jean Robiquet</a> mengisolasi senyawa dalam <a href="/wiki/Asparagus" class="mw-redirect" title="Asparagus">asparagus</a> yang kemudian dinamai <a href="/wiki/Asparagina" title="Asparagina">asparagina</a>, asam amino pertama yang ditemukan.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Anfinsen_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anfinsen-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistin (halaman belum tersedia)">Sistin</a> ditemukan pada tahun 1810,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> meskipun monomernya, <a href="/wiki/Sisteina" title="Sisteina">sistein</a>, tetap tidak ditemukan hingga tahun 1884.<sup id="cite_ref-Anfinsen_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anfinsen-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Glisina" title="Glisina">Glisina</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Leusina" title="Leusina">leusina</a> ditemukan pada tahun 1820.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Treonina" title="Treonina">Treonina</a> adalah jenis terakhir dari 20 asam amino umum yang ditemukan pada tahun 1935 oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Cumming_Rose&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Cumming Rose (halaman belum tersedia)">William Cumming Rose</a>, yang juga menentukan asam amino esensial dan menetapkan kebutuhan harian minimum dari semua asam amino untuk pertumbuhan yang optimal.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kesatuan kategori kimia diusulkan oleh <a href="/wiki/Charles-Adolphe_Wurtz" title="Charles-Adolphe Wurtz">Wurtz</a> pada tahun 1865, tetapi ia tidak memberikan nama khusus.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Penggunaan pertama istilah "<i>amino acid</i>" dalam bahasa Inggris tercatat dari tahun 1898,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sedangkan istilah Jerman, <i>Aminosäure</i>, telah digunakan sebelumnya.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Protein diketahui menghasilkan asam amino setelah pencernaan enzimatik atau <a href="/wiki/Hidrolisis" title="Hidrolisis">hidrolisis</a> asam dipahami. Pada tahun 1902, <a href="/wiki/Emil_Fischer" title="Emil Fischer">Emil Fischer</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Franz_Hofmeister&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franz Hofmeister (halaman belum tersedia)">Franz Hofmeister</a> secara independen mengusulkan bahwa protein terbentuk dari banyak asam amino, dengan pembentukan ikatan di antara gugus amino dari satu asam amino dengan gugus karboksil dari asam amino lainnya, menghasilkan struktur linier yang disebut Fischer sebagai "<a href="/wiki/Peptida" title="Peptida">peptida</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Struktur_umum">Struktur umum</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Sunting bagian: Struktur umum" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=11" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Struktur umum"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Amino_Acids.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Amino_Acids.svg/220px-Amino_Acids.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Amino_Acids.svg/330px-Amino_Acids.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Amino_Acids.svg/440px-Amino_Acids.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="624" data-file-height="769" /></a><figcaption>21<sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pranala_mati" title="Wikipedia:Pranala mati"><span title=" pranala nonaktif sejak Februari 2021">pranala nonaktif permanen</span></a></i>]</span></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino_proteinogenik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asam amino proteinogenik (halaman belum tersedia)">asam amino-α proteinogenik</a> yang ditemukan dalam <a href="/wiki/Eukariota" title="Eukariota">eukariota</a>, dikelompokkan menurut nilai <a href="/wiki/Konstanta_disosiasi_asam" title="Konstanta disosiasi asam">pK<sub>a</sub></a> rantai samping mereka dan muatan yang dibawa pada <a href="/wiki/PH" title="PH">pH fisiologis (7,4)</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Amino_acid.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Amino_acid.svg/150px-Amino_acid.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Amino_acid.svg/225px-Amino_acid.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Amino_acid.svg/300px-Amino_acid.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="81" data-file-height="46" /></a><figcaption>Struktur asam α-amino, dengan gugus amina di sebelah kiri dan gugus karboksil di sebelah kanan.</figcaption></figure> <p>Struktur asam amino secara umum adalah satu atom karbon (C) yang mengikat empat gugus: gugus <a href="/wiki/Amina" title="Amina">amina</a> (–NH<sub>2</sub>), gugus <a href="/wiki/Karboksil" class="mw-redirect" title="Karboksil">karboksil</a> (–COOH), atom <a href="/wiki/Hidrogen" title="Hidrogen">hidrogen</a> (H), dan satu gugus sisa (R, dari residu) sebagai <a href="/wiki/Substituen" title="Substituen">substituen</a> organik yang dikenal sebagai <a href="/wiki/Rantai_samping" title="Rantai samping">rantai samping</a> yang membedakan satu asam amino dengan asam amino lainnya. </p><p>Sesuai dengan penamaan senyawa bergugus karboksil, atom C pusat tersebut dinamai atom C<sub>α</sub> ("C-alfa"), yaitu atom C yang berikatan langsung dengan gugus karboksil. Karena gugus amina juga terikat pada atom C<sub>α</sub> ini, senyawa tersebut merupakan asam amino-α.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Asam amino biasanya diklasifikasikan berdasarkan sifat kimia rantai samping tersebut menjadi empat kelompok. Rantai samping dapat membuat asam amino bersifat asam lemah, basa lemah, hidrofilik jika polar, dan hidrofobik jika nonpolar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Isomerisme">Isomerisme</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Sunting bagian: Isomerisme" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=12" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Isomerisme"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:D%2BL-Alanine.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/D%2BL-Alanine.gif/220px-D%2BL-Alanine.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/D%2BL-Alanine.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="316" data-file-height="155" /></a><figcaption>Dua model molekul isomer optis asam amino alanina</figcaption></figure> <p>Karena atom C pusat mengikat empat gugus yang berbeda, maka asam amino—kecuali <a href="/wiki/Glisina" title="Glisina">glisina</a>—memiliki <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isomer_optik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isomer optik (halaman belum tersedia)">isomer optik</a>: <span style="font-variant:small-caps;text-transform:lowercase">l</span> dan <span style="font-variant:small-caps;text-transform:lowercase">d</span>. Cara sederhana untuk mengidentifikasi isomeri ini dari gambaran dua dimensi adalah dengan "mendorong" atom H ke belakang pembaca (menjauhi pembaca). Jika searah putaran jarum jam (putaran ke kanan) terjadi urutan <i>karboksil-residu-amina</i> maka ini adalah tipe <span style="font-variant:small-caps;text-transform:lowercase">d</span>. Jika urutan ini terjadi dengan arah putaran berlawanan jarum jam, maka itu adalah tipe <span style="font-variant:small-caps;text-transform:lowercase">l</span>. (Aturan ini dikenal dalam bahasa Inggris dengan nama <b>CORN</b>, dari singkatan <b>CO</b>OH - <b>R</b> - <b>N</b>H<sub>2</sub>). </p><p>Pada umumnya, asam amino alami yang dihasilkan <a href="/wiki/Eukariota" title="Eukariota">eukariota</a> merupakan tipe <span style="font-variant:small-caps;text-transform:lowercase">l</span> meskipun beberapa siput laut menghasilkan tipe <span style="font-variant:small-caps;text-transform:lowercase">d</span>. <a href="/wiki/Dinding_sel" title="Dinding sel">Dinding sel</a> <a href="/wiki/Bakteri" title="Bakteri">bakteri</a> banyak mengandung asam amino tipe <span style="font-variant:small-caps;text-transform:lowercase">d</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Polimerisasi_asam_amino">Polimerisasi asam amino</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Sunting bagian: Polimerisasi asam amino" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=13" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Polimerisasi asam amino"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Lihat juga artikel tentang <a href="/wiki/Ekspresi_genetik" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekspresi genetik">ekspresi genetik</a></i>. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:2-amino-acidsb.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/2-amino-acidsb.png/386px-2-amino-acidsb.png" decoding="async" width="386" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/2-amino-acidsb.png/579px-2-amino-acidsb.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/2-amino-acidsb.png/772px-2-amino-acidsb.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="280" /></a><figcaption>Reaksi kondensasi dua asam amino membentuk ikatan peptida</figcaption></figure> <p>Protein merupakan <a href="/wiki/Polimer" title="Polimer">polimer</a> yang tersusun dari asam amino sebagai <a href="/wiki/Monomer" title="Monomer">monomernya</a>. Monomer-monomer ini tersambung dengan <a href="/wiki/Ikatan_peptida" title="Ikatan peptida">ikatan peptida</a>, yang mengikat gugus karboksil milik satu monomer dengan gugus amina milik monomer di sebelahnya. Reaksi penyambungan ini (disebut <a href="/wiki/Translasi" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Translasi">translasi</a>) secara alami terjadi di <a href="/wiki/Sitoplasma" title="Sitoplasma">sitoplasma</a> dengan bantuan <a href="/wiki/Ribosom" title="Ribosom">ribosom</a> dan <a href="/wiki/TRNA" class="mw-redirect" title="TRNA">tRNA</a>. </p><p>Pada polimerisasi asam amino, gugus -OH yang merupakan bagian gugus karboksil satu asam amino dan gugus -H yang merupakan bagian gugus amina asam amino lainnya akan terlepas dan membentuk air. Oleh sebab itu, reaksi ini termasuk dalam reaksi <a href="/wiki/Dehidrasi" title="Dehidrasi">dehidrasi</a>. Molekul asam amino yang telah melepaskan molekul air dikatakan disebut dalam bentuk <b>residu asam amino</b>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zwitter-ion">Zwitter-ion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Sunting bagian: Zwitter-ion" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=14" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Zwitter-ion"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Amino_acid_zwitterion.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Amino_acid_zwitterion.png/200px-Amino_acid_zwitterion.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Amino_acid_zwitterion.png/300px-Amino_acid_zwitterion.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Amino_acid_zwitterion.png/400px-Amino_acid_zwitterion.png 2x" data-file-width="1605" data-file-height="616" /></a><figcaption>Asam amino dalam bentuk tidak terion (kiri) dan dalam bentuk <a href="/wiki/Zwitter-ion" class="mw-redirect" title="Zwitter-ion">zwitter-ion</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Karena asam amino memiliki gugus aktif amina dan karboksil sekaligus, zat ini dapat dianggap sebagai sekaligus asam dan basa (walaupun pH alaminya biasanya dipengaruhi oleh gugus-R yang dimiliki). Pada pH tertentu yang disebut <a href="/w/index.php?title=Titik_isolistrik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Titik isolistrik (halaman belum tersedia)">titik isolistrik</a>, gugus amina pada asam amino menjadi bermuatan positif (terprotonasi, –NH<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup>), sedangkan gugus karboksilnya menjadi bermuatan negatif (terdeprotonasi, –COO<sup>-</sup>). Titik isolistrik ini spesifik bergantung pada jenis asam aminonya. Dalam keadaan demikian, asam amino tersebut dikatakan berbentuk <i><a href="/wiki/Zwitter-ion" class="mw-redirect" title="Zwitter-ion">zwitter-ion</a></i>. Zwitter-ion dapat diekstrak dari larutan asam amino sebagai struktur kristal putih yang bertitik lebur tinggi karena sifat dipolarnya. Kebanyakan asam amino bebas berada dalam bentuk zwitter-ion pada pH netral maupun pH fisiologis yang dekat netral. Karena mempunyai muatan negatif dan positif, asam amino dapat mengalami reaksi terhadap asam maupun basa.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Asam_amino_dasar_(standar)"><span id="Asam_amino_dasar_.28standar.29"></span>Asam amino dasar (standar)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Sunting bagian: Asam amino dasar (standar)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=15" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Asam amino dasar (standar)"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Protein tersusun dari berbagai asam amino yang masing-masing dihubungkan dengan ikatan <a href="/wiki/Peptida" title="Peptida">peptida</a>. Meskipun demikian, pada awal pembentukannya protein hanya tersusun dari 20 asam amino yang dikenal sebagai <b>asam amino dasar</b> atau <b>asam amino baku</b> atau <b>asam amino penyusun protein (proteinogenik)</b>. Asam-asam amino inilah yang disandi oleh <a href="/wiki/DNA" class="mw-redirect" title="DNA">DNA</a>/<a href="/wiki/RNA" class="mw-redirect" title="RNA">RNA</a> sebagai <a href="/wiki/Kode_genetik" title="Kode genetik">kode genetik</a>. </p><p>Berikut adalah ke-20 asam amino penyusun protein (singkatan dalam kurung menunjukkan singkatan tiga huruf dan satu huruf yang sering digunakan dalam <a href="/wiki/Proteomika" title="Proteomika">kajian protein</a>), dikelompokkan menurut sifat atau struktur kimiawinya: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asam_amino_alifatik_sederhana">Asam amino alifatik sederhana</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Sunting bagian: Asam amino alifatik sederhana" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=16" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Asam amino alifatik sederhana"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glisina" title="Glisina">Glisina</a> (Gly, G)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alanina" title="Alanina">Alanina</a> (Ala, A)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valina" title="Valina">Valina</a> (Val, V)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leusina" title="Leusina">Leusina</a> (Leu, L)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isoleusina" title="Isoleusina">Isoleusina</a> (Ile, I)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asam_amino_hidroksi-alifatik">Asam amino hidroksi-alifatik</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Sunting bagian: Asam amino hidroksi-alifatik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=17" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Asam amino hidroksi-alifatik"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Serina" title="Serina">Serina</a> (Ser, S)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treonina" title="Treonina">Treonina</a> (Thr, T)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asam_amino_dikarboksilat_(asam)"><span id="Asam_amino_dikarboksilat_.28asam.29"></span>Asam amino dikarboksilat (asam)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Sunting bagian: Asam amino dikarboksilat (asam)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=18" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Asam amino dikarboksilat (asam)"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asam_aspartat" title="Asam aspartat">Asam aspartat</a> (Asp, D)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asam_glutamat" title="Asam glutamat">Asam glutamat</a> (Glu, E)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Amida">Amida</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Sunting bagian: Amida" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=19" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Amida"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asparagina" title="Asparagina">Asparagina</a> (Asn, N)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glutamina" title="Glutamina">Glutamina</a> (Gln, Q)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asam_amino_basa">Asam amino basa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Sunting bagian: Asam amino basa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=20" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Asam amino basa"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lisina" class="mw-redirect" title="Lisina">Lisina</a> (Lys, K)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arginina" title="Arginina">Arginina</a> (Arg, R)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Histidina" title="Histidina">Histidina</a> (His, H) (memiliki gugus siklik)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asam_amino_dengan_sulfur">Asam amino dengan sulfur</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Sunting bagian: Asam amino dengan sulfur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=21" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Asam amino dengan sulfur"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sisteina" title="Sisteina">Sisteina</a> (Cys, C)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metionina" title="Metionina">Metionina</a> (Met, M)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prolin">Prolin</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Sunting bagian: Prolin" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=22" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Prolin"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prolina" title="Prolina">Prolina</a> (Pro, P) (memiliki gugus siklik)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asam_amino_aromatik">Asam amino aromatik</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Sunting bagian: Asam amino aromatik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=23" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Asam amino aromatik"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fenilalanina" title="Fenilalanina">Fenilalanina</a> (Phe, F)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirosina" title="Tirosina">Tirosina</a> (Tyr, Y)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triptofan" title="Triptofan">Triptofan</a> (Trp, W)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fungsi_biologi_asam_amino">Fungsi biologi asam amino</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Sunting bagian: Fungsi biologi asam amino" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=24" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Fungsi biologi asam amino"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li>Penyusun <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">protein</a>, termasuk <a href="/wiki/Enzim" title="Enzim">enzim</a>.</li> <li>Kerangka dasar sejumlah senyawa penting dalam <a href="/wiki/Metabolisme" title="Metabolisme">metabolisme</a> (terutama vitamin, hormon dan asam nukleat).</li> <li>Pengikat ion logam penting yang diperlukan dalam dalam reaksi enzimatik (kofaktor).</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Asam_amino_esensial_2">Asam amino esensial</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Sunting bagian: Asam amino esensial" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=25" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Asam amino esensial"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Asam amino diperlukan oleh <a href="/wiki/Makhluk_hidup" title="Makhluk hidup">makhluk hidup</a> sebagai penyusun <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">protein</a> atau sebagai kerangka molekul-molekul penting. Ia disebut esensial bagi suatu spesies organisme apabila spesies tersebut memerlukannya tetapi tidak mampu memproduksi sendiri atau selalu kekurangan asam amino yang bersangkutan. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ini, spesies itu harus memasoknya dari luar (lewat makanan). Istilah "asam amino esensial" berlaku hanya bagi organisme <a href="/wiki/Heterotrof" title="Heterotrof">heterotrof</a>. </p><p>Bagi <a href="/wiki/Manusia" title="Manusia">manusia</a>, ada delapan (ada yang menyebut sembilan) asam amino esensial yang harus dipenuhi dari diet sehari-hari, yaitu isoleusina, leusina, lisina, metionina, fenilalanina, treonina, triptofan, dan valina. Histidina dan arginina disebut sebagai "setengah esensial" karena tubuh manusia dewasa sehat mampu memenuhi kebutuhannya. Asam amino <a href="/wiki/Karnitina" class="mw-redirect" title="Karnitina">karnitina</a> juga bersifat "setengah esensial" dan sering diberikan untuk kepentingan <a href="/wiki/Terapi" title="Terapi">pengobatan</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_pula">Lihat pula</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Sunting bagian: Lihat pula" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=26" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Lihat pula"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asam_jengkolat" title="Asam jengkolat">Asam jengkolat</a>, suatu asam amino yang menyebabkan gejala "<a href="/wiki/Jengkol" title="Jengkol">jengkolan</a>"</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Catatan">Catatan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=27" title="Sunting bagian: Catatan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=27" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Catatan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Prolina" title="Prolina">Prolina</a> adalah pengecualian terhadap rumus umum ini karena tidak memiliki gugus NH<sub>2</sub> akibat <a href="/wiki/Senyawa_siklik" title="Senyawa siklik">siklisasi</a> dari rantai sampingnya, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_imino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asam imino (halaman belum tersedia)">asam imino</a>; ia dikategorikan sebagai asam amino berstruktur khusus.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Contohnya, <a href="/wiki/Ruminansia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruminansia">ruminansia</a> seperti sapi mendapatkan sejumlah asam amino via <a href="/wiki/Mikrob" class="mw-redirect" title="Mikrob">mikrob</a> di dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Retikulorumen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Retikulorumen (halaman belum tersedia)">dua ruangan pertama lambungnya</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=28" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=28" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18833634"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Parker, Sybil, P (1983). <i>McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Biology</i>. McGraw-Hill Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=McGraw-Hill+Dictionary+of+Biology&rft.pub=McGraw-Hill+Company&rft.date=1983&rft.aulast=Parker&rft.aufirst=Sybil%2C+P&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAsam+amino" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">R. J., Fesenden (1986). <i>Organic Chemistry</i>. California: Wadsworth Inc. Belmont. hlm. 35.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Organic+Chemistry&rft.place=California&rft.pages=35&rft.pub=Wadsworth+Inc.+Belmont&rft.date=1986&rft.aulast=R.+J.&rft.aufirst=Fesenden&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAsam+amino" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Fajariah, Mila; windayani (2020). "Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Inkuiri Terbimbing Identifikasi Asam Amino pada Susu Sapi dan Produk Fermentasinya". <i>Jurnal Tadris Kimiya</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jurnal+Tadris+Kimiya&rft.atitle=Pengembangan+Lembar+Kerja+Inkuiri+Terbimbing+Identifikasi+Asam+Amino+pada+Susu+Sapi+dan+Produk+Fermentasinya&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Fajariah&rft.aufirst=Mila&rft.au=windayani&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAsam+amino" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Tidak memiliki parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|last2=</code> di Authors list (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#missing_name" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Vickery HB, Schmidt CL (1931). 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Berlin. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.arginium.de/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Entdeckung-der-Aminos%C3%A4uren.pdf">versi asli</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> tanggal 1 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Die+Entdeckung+der+proteinogenen+Aminos%C3%A4uren+von+1805+in+Paris+bis+1935+in+Illinois&rft.place=Berlin&rft.date=2015-05&rft.aulast=Hansen&rft.aufirst=Sabine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.arginium.de%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2015%2F12%2FEntdeckung-der-Aminos%25C3%25A4uren.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAsam+amino" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Vauquelin LN, Robiquet PJ (1806). "The discovery of a new plant principle in Asparagus sativus". <i>Annales de Chimie</i>. <b>57</b>: 88–93.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annales+de+Chimie&rft.atitle=The+discovery+of+a+new+plant+principle+in+Asparagus+sativus&rft.volume=57&rft.pages=88-93&rft.date=1806&rft.aulast=Vauquelin&rft.aufirst=LN&rft.au=Robiquet%2C+PJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAsam+amino" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Anfinsen-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Anfinsen_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Anfinsen_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Anfinsen CB, Edsall JT, Richards FM (1972). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/advancesinprotei26anfi/page/99"><i>Advances in Protein Chemistry</i></a>. New York: Academic Press. hlm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/advancesinprotei26anfi/page/99">99, 103</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-12-034226-6" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-12-034226-6">978-0-12-034226-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Advances+in+Protein+Chemistry&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=99%2C+103&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=1972&rft.isbn=978-0-12-034226-6&rft.aulast=Anfinsen&rft.aufirst=CB&rft.au=Edsall%2C+JT&rft.au=Richards%2C+FM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fadvancesinprotei26anfi%2Fpage%2F99&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAsam+amino" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Wollaston WH (1810). "On cystic oxide, a new species of urinary calculus". <i>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society</i>. <b>100</b>: 223–230. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frstl.1810.0015">10.1098/rstl.1810.0015</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philosophical+Transactions+of+the+Royal+Society&rft.atitle=On+cystic+oxide%2C+a+new+species+of+urinary+calculus&rft.volume=100&rft.pages=223-230&rft.date=1810&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frstl.1810.0015&rft.aulast=Wollaston&rft.aufirst=WH&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAsam+amino" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Baumann E (1884). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110314075450/http://vlp.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/library/data/lit16533">"Über cystin und cystein"</a>. <i>Z Physiol Chem</i>. <b>8</b> (4): 299–305. 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Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Z+Physiol+Chem&rft.atitle=%C3%9Cber+cystin+und+cystein&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=299-305&rft.date=1884&rft.aulast=Baumann&rft.aufirst=E&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvlp.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de%2Flibrary%2Fdata%2Flit16533&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAsam+amino" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Braconnot HM (1820). "Sur la conversion des matières animales en nouvelles substances par le moyen de l'acide sulfurique". <i>Annales de Chimie et de Physique</i>. 2nd Series. <b>13</b>: 113–125.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annales+de+Chimie+et+de+Physique&rft.atitle=Sur+la+conversion+des+mati%C3%A8res+animales+en+nouvelles+substances+par+le+moyen+de+l%27acide+sulfurique&rft.volume=13&rft.pages=113-125&rft.date=1820&rft.aulast=Braconnot&rft.aufirst=HM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAsam+amino" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Simoni RD, Hill RL, Vaughan M (September 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jbc.org/content/277/37/e25">"The discovery of the amino acid threonine: the work of William C. 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Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zenodo.org/record/1425732">versi asli</a> tanggal 2020-07-25.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Berichte+der+Deutschen+Chemischen+Gesellschaft&rft.atitle=Ueber+die+Einwirkung+von+Phenyl%E2%80%90i%E2%80%90cyanat+auf+organische+Aminos%C3%A4uren&rft.volume=27&rft.pages=974-979&rft.date=1894&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fcber.189402701205&rft.aulast=Paal&rft.aufirst=C&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzenodo.org%2Frecord%2F1425732&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAsam+amino" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Fruton, Joseph S. (1990). "Chapter 5- Emil Fischer and Franz Hofmeister". <i>Contrasts in Scientific Style: Research Groups in the Chemical and Biochemical Sciences</i>. <b>191</b>. American Philosophical Society. hlm. 163–165. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-87169-191-0" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-87169-191-0">978-0-87169-191-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+5-+Emil+Fischer+and+Franz+Hofmeister&rft.btitle=Contrasts+in+Scientific+Style%3A+Research+Groups+in+the+Chemical+and+Biochemical+Sciences&rft.pages=163-165&rft.pub=American+Philosophical+Society&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-0-87169-191-0&rft.aulast=Fruton&rft.aufirst=Joseph+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAsam+amino" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/alpha-amino%20acid">"Alpha amino acid"</a>. <i>The Merriam-Webster.com Medical Dictionary</i>. Merriam-Webster Inc.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Merriam-Webster.com+Medical+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Alpha+amino+acid&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fmedical%2Falpha-amino%2520acid&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAsam+amino" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ilmukimia.org/2012/11/reaksi-asam-basa-terhadap-asam-amino.html">Reaksi Asam Basa Terhadap Asam Amino</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pranala_luar">Pranala luar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&veaction=edit&section=29" title="Sunting bagian: Pranala luar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_amino&action=edit&section=29" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pranala luar"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Inggris" lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span>Situs ini memuat biosintesis berbagai asam amino penyusun protein <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iubmb/enzyme/reaction/AminoAcid/">[1]</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782733">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Treonina" title="Treonina">Treonina</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Asam_aspartat" title="Asam aspartat">Asam aspartat</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Asam_glutamat" title="Asam glutamat">Asam glutamat</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Asparagina" title="Asparagina">Asparagina</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Glutamina" title="Glutamina">Glutamina</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Arginina" title="Arginina">Arginina</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Histidina" title="Histidina">Histidina</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Lisina" class="mw-redirect" title="Lisina">Lisina</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Sisteina" title="Sisteina">Sisteina</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Metionina" title="Metionina">Metionina</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Prolina" title="Prolina">Prolina</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Fenilalanina" title="Fenilalanina">Fenilalanina</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Tirosina" title="Tirosina">Tirosina</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Triptofan" title="Triptofan">Triptofan</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fungsional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Angiotensinogen" title="Angiotensinogen">Angiotensinogen</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Ornitina" title="Ornitina">Ornitina</a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Lihat pula : <a href="/wiki/Templat:Darah" title="Templat:Darah">Darah</a> " <a href="/wiki/Templat:Enzim" 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