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class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Syrian conflict battles</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">September 2011 – March 2012 Idlib Governorate clashes</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Early_insurgency_phase_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Early insurgency phase of the Syrian Civil War">Early insurgency phase of the Syrian Civil War</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Syria_M5_Highway.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Syria_M5_Highway.svg/290px-Syria_M5_Highway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Syria_M5_Highway.svg/435px-Syria_M5_Highway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Syria_M5_Highway.svg/580px-Syria_M5_Highway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1040" data-file-height="735" /></a></span><br />Map of Idlib Governorate</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>8 September 2011 – 27 March 2012<br />(6 months, 2 weeks and 5 days)</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate" title="Idlib Governorate">Idlib Governorate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> <p>Rebel victory; Government <a href="/wiki/April_2012_Idlib_Governorate_Operation" title="April 2012 Idlib Governorate Operation">counter-offensive launched</a> </p> <ul><li>FSA takes control of <a href="/wiki/Saraqib" title="Saraqib">Saraqib</a>, <a href="/wiki/Binnish" title="Binnish">Binnish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sarmin" title="Sarmin">Sarmin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ariha,_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariha, Syria">Ariha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zardana" title="Zardana">Zardana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Al-Bara" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Bara">al-Bara</a> and <a href="/wiki/Taftanaz" title="Taftanaz">Taftanaz</a></li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Syrian_opposition" title="Syrian opposition"><img alt="Syrian opposition" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1067" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Free_Syrian_Army" title="Free Syrian Army">Free Syrian Army</a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_Martyrs%27_Brigade" title="Idlib Martyrs' Brigade">Syrian Liberation Army</a><sup id="cite_ref-bbc_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suqour_al-Sham_Brigades" title="Suqour al-Sham Brigades">Suqour al-Sham Battalion</a></li></ul> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Ahrar_ash-Sham.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ahrar_ash-Sham.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Ahrar_ash-Sham.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ahrar_ash-Sham.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Ahrar_ash-Sham.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ahrar_ash-Sham.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ahrar_ash-Sham" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahrar ash-Sham">Ahrar al-Sham Battalions</a><sup id="cite_ref-Champrass_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Champrass-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-worldmust_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-worldmust-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_the_Al-Nusra_Front_%28Variant%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Al-Nusra_Front_%28Variant%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_the_Al-Nusra_Front_%28Variant%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Al-Nusra_Front_%28Variant%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_the_Al-Nusra_Front_%28Variant%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Al-Nusra_Front_%28Variant%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1562" data-file-height="1044" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Al-Nusra_Front" title="Al-Nusra Front">Al-Nusra Front</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Free_Officers_Movement_(Syria)" title="Free Officers Movement (Syria)">Free Officers Movement</a> (<span style="font-size:85%;">until 23 September 2011, when it joined the FSA</span>)</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria"><img alt="Syria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Arab_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian Arab Republic">Syrian Arab Republic</a> </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_the_Syrian_Arab_Armed_Forces.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_Arab_Armed_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_the_Syrian_Arab_Armed_Forces.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_Arab_Armed_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_the_Syrian_Arab_Armed_Forces.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_Arab_Armed_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Armed_Forces" title="Syrian Armed Forces">Syrian Armed Forces</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1067" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> Muhammad Issa<div style="clear:both;" class=""></div><small>(Syrian Liberation Army)</small><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1067" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> Capt. Yusuf Yahya (<span style="font-size:85%;">Martyrs of Mount Zawiya Battalion and Lightning Battalion</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-isw_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isw-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1067" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Jamal_Maarouf" title="Jamal Maarouf">Jamal Maarouf</a><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div><small>(Martyrs of Mount Zawiya Battalion)</small><sup id="cite_ref-nytimes0912_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes0912-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1067" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> Lt. Alaa Hussein (<span style="font-size:85%;">Martyrs of Mount Zawiya Battalion</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-isw_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isw-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1067" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> Ahmad Issa al-Sheikh (<span style="font-size:85%;">Suqour al-Sham Battalion</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-isw_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isw-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> </p> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1067" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> Hassan Aboud (<span style="font-size:85%;">David Battalion</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-isw_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isw-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Ahrar_ash-Sham.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ahrar_ash-Sham.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Ahrar_ash-Sham.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ahrar_ash-Sham.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Ahrar_ash-Sham.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ahrar_ash-Sham.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> Abdul Rahman al-Suri<div style="clear:both;" class=""></div><small>(Ahrar ash-Sham Battalions)</small><sup id="cite_ref-Champrass_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Champrass-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> Maj. Gen. Fo'ad Hamoudeh<br />Brig. Gen. Ghassan Afif<br />Brig. Gen. <a href="/wiki/Ghanem_Ibrahim_al-Hassan" title="Ghanem Ibrahim al-Hassan">Ghanem Ibrahim al-Hassan</a> <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Units involved</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Syrian_opposition" title="Syrian opposition"><img alt="Syrian opposition" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1067" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Free_Syrian_Army" title="Free Syrian Army">Free Syrian Army</a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Martyrs%27_Brigades" title="Syrian Martyrs' Brigades">Martyrs of Mount Zawiya Battalion</a> (<span style="font-size:85%;">Harmoush Battalion until December 2011</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes0912_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes0912-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Lightning Battalion<sup id="cite_ref-isw_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isw-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suqour_al-Sham" class="mw-redirect" title="Suqour al-Sham">Suqour al-Sham Battalion</a><sup id="cite_ref-isw_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isw-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liwa_Dawud" title="Liwa Dawud">David Battalion</a></li></ul></li></ul></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_the_Syrian_Arab_Army.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_Arab_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_the_Syrian_Arab_Army.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_Arab_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_the_Syrian_Arab_Army.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_Arab_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Army" title="Syrian Army">Syrian Army</a><br /> <b>Elements of:</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Armoured_Division_(Syria)" title="1st Armoured Division (Syria)">1st Armoured Division</a> <ul><li>76th Armoured Brigade</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Armoured_Division_(Syria)" class="mw-redirect" title="5th Armoured Division (Syria)">5th Mechanized Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10th_Mechanized_Division_(Syria)" title="10th Mechanized Division (Syria)">10th Mechanized Division</a> <ul><li>85th Armoured Brigade<sup id="cite_ref-spiegel.de_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spiegel.de-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11th_Armored_Division_(Syria)" title="11th Armored Division (Syria)">11th Armoured Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/15th_Special_Forces_Division" title="15th Special Forces Division">15th Special Forces Division</a> <ul><li>35th SF regiment</li></ul></li> <li>41st SF regiment</li> <li>45th SF regiment<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Syrian_Arab_Air_Force.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_Arab_Air_Force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Syrian_Arab_Air_Force.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_Arab_Air_Force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Syrian_Arab_Air_Force.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_Arab_Air_Force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="350" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Air_Force" title="Syrian Air Force">Syrian Air Force</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <p>25,000 fighters<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>2,500 - 3,000 al-Nusra fighters<sup id="cite_ref-Ignatius_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ignatius-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2,000<sup id="cite_ref-worldmust_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-worldmust-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>-3,000<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> fighters <small>(Jabal al-Zawiya area)</small></li> <li>1,000 fighters<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-har_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-har-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br /> <small>(Idlib city)</small></li></ul></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> 9,000 soldiers<br />250 tanks<sup id="cite_ref-Mcclatchydc.com_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mcclatchydc.com-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> 806 opposition fighters and defectors killed<sup id="cite_ref-rebels_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rebels-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><small>(opposition claims)</small></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> Unknown</td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2011)">January–April 2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(May%E2%80%93August_2011)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–August 2011)">May–August 2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(September%E2%80%93December_2011)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (September–December 2011)">September–December 2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93April_2012)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2012)">January–April 2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(May%E2%80%93August_2012)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–August 2012)">May–August 2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(September%E2%80%93December_2012)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (September–December 2012)">September–December 2012</a></li> <li><a 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2015)">August–December 2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93April_2016)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2016)">January–April 2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(May%E2%80%93August_2016)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–August 2016)">May–August 2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(September%E2%80%93December_2016)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (September–December 2016)">September–December 2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93April_2017)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2017)">January–April 2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(May%E2%80%93August_2017)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–August 2017)">May–August 2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(September%E2%80%93December_2017)" title="Timeline of 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0.5em;;float:right; clear:right; margin:0.2em 0 0.2em 0.5em; width:300px; display:table;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #CEE0F2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_civil_uprising_phase_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template:Campaignbox civil uprising phase of the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_civil_uprising_phase_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template talk:Campaignbox civil uprising phase of the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_civil_uprising_phase_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox civil uprising phase of the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Civil_uprising_in_Syria_(March–August_2011)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Civil_uprising_phase_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil uprising phase of the Syrian civil war">Civil uprising in Syria</a> (March–August 2011)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Daraa" title="Siege of Daraa">Daraa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Baniyas" title="Siege of Baniyas">Baniyas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Homs" title="Siege of Homs">Homs (May–August 2011)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Talkalakh_(May_2011)" title="Siege of Talkalakh (May 2011)">Talkalakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Rastan_and_Talbiseh" title="Siege of Rastan and Talbiseh">Rastan and Talbiseh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2011_Jisr_ash-Shughur_clashes" title="June 2011 Jisr ash-Shughur clashes">1st Jisr ash-Shughur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summer_2011_Jabal_al-Zawiya_operation" title="Summer 2011 Jabal al-Zawiya operation">1st Jabal al-Zawiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Hama_(2011)" title="Siege of Hama (2011)">Hama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Latakia" title="Siege of Latakia">Latakia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_early_insurgency_phase_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template:Campaignbox early insurgency phase of the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_early_insurgency_phase_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template talk:Campaignbox early insurgency phase of the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_early_insurgency_phase_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox early insurgency phase of the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Start_of_insurgency_(Sept._2011_–_April_2012)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Early_insurgency_phase_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Early insurgency phase of the Syrian civil war"><span class="wrap">Start of insurgency</span></a> (Sept. 2011 – April 2012)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Homs" title="Siege of Homs">Homs (2011–14)</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_Homs_offensive" title="2012 Homs offensive">Homs offensive</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1st Idlib Gov.</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/December_2011_Syrian%E2%80%93Turkish_border_clash" title="December 2011 Syrian–Turkish border clash">Syrian–Turkish border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2011_Jabal_al-Zawiya_massacres" title="December 2011 Jabal al-Zawiya massacres">Jabal al-Zawiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Idlib_(2012)" title="Battle of Idlib (2012)">1st Idlib City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saraqib" title="Battle of Saraqib">Saraqeb</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rastan_(2011)" title="Battle of Rastan (2011)">1st Rastan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hama_Governorate_clashes_(2011%E2%80%932012)" title="Hama Governorate clashes (2011–2012)">Hama Gov.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shayrat_and_Tiyas_airbase_ambush" title="Shayrat and Tiyas airbase ambush">Shayrat & Tiyas ambush</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Daraa_Governorate_clashes_(2011%E2%80%932013)" title="Daraa Governorate clashes (2011–2013)">Daraa Gov.</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_clashes_(November_2011%E2%80%93March_2012)" title="Rif Dimashq clashes (November 2011–March 2012)">1st Rif Dimashq</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zabadani_(2012)" title="Battle of Zabadani (2012)">1st Zabadani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Douma" title="Battle of Douma">Douma</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_clashes_(2011%E2%80%932014)" title="Deir ez-Zor clashes (2011–2014)">Deir ez-Zor (2011–2014)</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hatla_massacre" title="Hatla massacre">Hatla</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2012_Aleppo_Governorate_clashes" title="2012 Aleppo Governorate clashes">Aleppo Gov.</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Azaz_(2012)" title="Battle of Azaz (2012)">Azaz</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rastan_(January%E2%80%93February_2012)" title="Battle of Rastan (January–February 2012)">2nd Rastan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Qusayr_(2012)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of al-Qusayr (2012)">1st al-Qusayr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2012_Idlib_Governorate_Operation" title="April 2012 Idlib Governorate Operation">2nd Idlib Gov.</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Taftanaz" title="Battle of Taftanaz">Taftanaz</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_cease-fire_period_and_start_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template:Campaignbox cease-fire period and start of the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_cease-fire_period_and_start_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template talk:Campaignbox cease-fire period and start of the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_cease-fire_period_and_start_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox cease-fire period and start of the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="UN_ceasefire;_Rebel_advances_(May_2012_–_Dec._2013)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Kofi_Annan_Syrian_peace_plan" title="Kofi Annan Syrian peace plan">UN ceasefire</a>; <a href="/wiki/2012%E2%80%932013_escalation_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="2012–2013 escalation of the Syrian civil war">Rebel advances</a> (May 2012 – Dec. 2013)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rastan_(May_2012)" title="Battle of Rastan (May 2012)">3rd Rastan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houla_massacre" title="Houla massacre">Houla</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Northern_Homs" title="Siege of Northern Homs">Northern Homs</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Haffah" title="Battle of al-Haffah">Al-Haffah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Qubeir_massacre" title="Al-Qubeir massacre">Al-Qubeir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tremseh" title="Battle of Tremseh">Al-Tremseh</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(June_2012%E2%80%93April_2013)" class="mw-redirect" title="Idlib Governorate clashes (June 2012–April 2013)">3rd Idlib Gov.</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Damascus_(2012)" title="Battle of Damascus (2012)">1st Damascus</a> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/18_July_2012_Damascus_bombing" title="18 July 2012 Damascus bombing">Bombing</a></b></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aleppo_(2012%E2%80%932016)" title="Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016)">Aleppo</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Anadan" title="Battle of Anadan">Anadan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Menagh_Air_Base" title="Siege of Menagh Air Base">Menagh Air Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Base_46" title="Siege of Base 46">Base 46</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_al-Assal_massacre" title="Khan al-Assal massacre">Khan al-Assal</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(October%E2%80%93December_2013)" title="Aleppo offensive (October–December 2013)">1st Aleppo offensive</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Canopus_Star" title="Operation Canopus Star">2nd Aleppo offensive</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rojava_conflict" title="Rojava conflict">Syrian Kurdistan</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Rojava%E2%80%93Islamist_conflict" title="Rojava–Islamist conflict">Kurdish–Islamist conflict</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Hasakah_Governorate_campaign_(2012%E2%80%932014)" title="Al-Hasakah Governorate campaign (2012–2014)">Hasaka campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ras_al-Ayn_(2012%E2%80%9313)" title="Battle of Ras al-Ayn (2012–13)">Ras al-Ayn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Yaarubiyah" title="Battle of al-Yaarubiyah">al-Yaarubiyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tell_Hamis_and_Tell_Brak_(2013%E2%80%932014)" title="Battle of Tell Hamis and Tell Brak (2013–2014)">Tell Hamis and Tell Brak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tell_Abyad_(2013)" title="Battle of Tell Abyad (2013)">Tell Abyad</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Nubl_and_al-Zahraa" title="Siege of Nubl and al-Zahraa">Nubl & Al-Zahraa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(August%E2%80%93October_2012)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (August–October 2012)">2nd Rif Dimashq</a> (<a href="/wiki/Darayya_massacre" title="Darayya massacre">1st Darayya</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Abu_al-Duhur_Airbase" title="Siege of Abu al-Duhur Airbase">Abu al-Duhur Airbase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quneitra_Governorate_clashes_(2012%E2%80%932014)" title="Quneitra Governorate clashes (2012–2014)">Quneitra Gov.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(November_2012%E2%80%93February_2013)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (November 2012–February 2013)">3rd Rif Dimashq</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Yarmouk_Camp_(December_2012)" title="Battle of Yarmouk Camp (December 2012)">1st Yarmouk camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Darayya_(November_2012%E2%80%93February_2013)" title="Battle of Darayya (November 2012–February 2013)">2nd Darayya</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Darayya_and_Muadamiyat" title="Siege of Darayya and Muadamiyat">Darayya & Muadamiyat</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aqrab_massacre" title="Aqrab massacre">Aqrab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Hama_offensive" title="2012 Hama offensive">1st Hama offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Halfaya_massacre_(2012)" title="Halfaya massacre (2012)">Halfaya</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Safira" title="Battle of Safira">1st Safira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Shaddadi_(2013)" title="Battle of Shaddadi (2013)">Shadadeh</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Damascus_offensive_(2013)" title="Damascus offensive (2013)">2nd Damascus</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Raqqa_campaign_(2012%E2%80%932013)" title="Raqqa campaign (2012–2013)">1st Raqqa campaign</a> (<a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Raqqa_(2013)" title="Battle of Raqqa (2013)">1st Raqqa</a>)</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Daraa_offensive" title="2013 Daraa offensive">1st Daraa offensive</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(March%E2%80%93August_2013)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (March–August 2013)">4th Rif Dimashq</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jdaidet_al-Fadl" title="Battle of Jdaidet al-Fadl">Jdaidet al-Fadl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tadamon_massacre" title="Tadamon massacre">Tadamon</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ghouta_chemical_attack" title="Ghouta chemical attack">Ghouta</a></b></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Al-Qusayr_offensive" title="Al-Qusayr offensive">Al-Qusayr offensive</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Qusayr_(2013)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of al-Qusayr (2013)">2nd al-Qusayr</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Eastern_Ghouta" title="Siege of Eastern Ghouta">Eastern Ghouta</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Hama_offensive" title="2013 Hama offensive">2nd Hama offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayda_and_Baniyas_massacres" title="Bayda and Baniyas massacres">Bayda and Baniyas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Latakia_offensive" title="2013 Latakia offensive">1st Latakia offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maaloula" title="Battle of Maaloula">Ma'loula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sadad" title="Battle of Sadad">Sadad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(September%E2%80%93November_2013)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (September–November 2013)">5th Rif Dimashq</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Qalamoun_(2013%E2%80%932014)" title="Battle of Qalamoun (2013–2014)">1st Qalamoun</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adra_massacre" title="Adra massacre">Adra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_rise_of_the_Islamists_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template:Campaignbox rise of the Islamists in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_rise_of_the_Islamists_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template talk:Campaignbox rise of the Islamists in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_rise_of_the_Islamists_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox rise of the Islamists in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Rise_of_ISIS_in_2014" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Inter-rebel_conflict_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Inter-rebel conflict during the Syrian civil war">Rise of ISIS</a> in <a href="/wiki/2014_in_Syria" title="2014 in Syria">2014</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Inter-rebel_conflict_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Inter-rebel conflict during the Syrian civil war">Inter-rebel conflict</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Aleppo_offensive_(February%E2%80%93July_2014)" title="Northern Aleppo offensive (February–July 2014)">Northern Aleppo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Markada" title="Battle of Markada">Markada</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(April%E2%80%93July_2014)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (April–July 2014)">1st Deir ez-Zor offensive</a></b></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Otaiba_ambush" title="Al-Otaiba ambush">al-Otaiba ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maan_massacre" title="Maan massacre">Maan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hosn" title="Battle of Hosn">Hosn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Morek" title="Battle of Morek">Morek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(February%E2%80%93May_2014)" title="Daraa offensive (February–May 2014)">2nd Daraa offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Latakia_offensive" title="2014 Latakia offensive">2nd Latakia offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Idlib_offensive" title="2014 Idlib offensive">4th Idlib Gov.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Al-Malihah" title="Battle of Al-Malihah">Al-Malihah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Wadi_Deif_(2014)" title="Siege of Wadi Deif (2014)">2nd Wadi Deif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalamoun_offensive_(2014)" title="Qalamoun offensive (2014)">2nd Qalamoun</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arsal_(2014)" title="Battle of Arsal (2014)">Arsal</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Deir_ez-Zor_(2014%E2%80%932017)" title="Siege of Deir ez-Zor (2014–2017)">Deir ez-Zor (2014–2017)</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Shaer_gas_field_(July_2014)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of the Shaer gas field (July 2014)">1st Shaer gas field</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2014_Eastern_Syria_offensive" title="2014 Eastern Syria offensive">1st Eastern Syria</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tabqa_Airbase" title="Battle of Tabqa Airbase">Tabqa Airbase</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Hama_offensive" title="2014 Hama offensive">3rd Hama offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(August%E2%80%93November_2014)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (August–November 2014)">6th Rif Dimashq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Quneitra_offensive" title="2014 Quneitra offensive">1st Quneitra</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Koban%C3%AE" title="Siege of Kobanî">Kobanî</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_intervention_against_ISIL_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template:Campaignbox intervention against ISIL in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_intervention_against_ISIL_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template talk:Campaignbox intervention against ISIL in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_intervention_against_ISIL_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox intervention against ISIL in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="U.S.-led_intervention,_Rebel_and_ISIL_advances_(Sept._2014_–_Sept._2015)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/American-led_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="American-led intervention in the Syrian civil war"><span class="wrap">U.S.-led intervention</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(April%E2%80%93June_2015)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (April–June 2015)">Rebel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(May_2015)" title="Palmyra offensive (May 2015)">ISIL advances</a> (Sept. 2014 – Sept. 2015)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/American-led_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="American-led intervention in the Syrian civil war">U.S.-led intervention</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homs_school_bombing" title="Homs school bombing">Homs school bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(October_2014)" title="Daraa offensive (October 2014)">3rd Daraa offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Al-Safira_offensive" title="2014 Al-Safira offensive">2nd Safira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_raid_on_Idlib_city" title="2014 raid on Idlib city">2014 Idlib city raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Nusra_Front%E2%80%93SRF/Hazzm_Movement_conflict" title="Al-Nusra Front–SRF/Hazzm Movement conflict">Nusra–FSA conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Shaer_gas_field_(October%E2%80%93November_2014)" title="Battle of the Shaer gas field (October–November 2014)">2nd Shaer gas field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Al-Shaykh_Maskin_(2014)" title="Battle of Al-Shaykh Maskin (2014)">1st Al-Shaykh Maskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(December_2014)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (December 2014)">2nd Deir ez-Zor offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Rainbow_(Syrian_civil_war)" title="Operation Rainbow (Syrian civil war)">3rd Aleppo offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Syrian_Air_Force_An-26_crash" title="2015 Syrian Air Force An-26 crash">An-26 crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(January_2015)" title="Daraa offensive (January 2015)">4th Daraa offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Southern_Syria_offensive" title="2015 Southern Syria offensive">Southern Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_al-Hasakah_offensive" title="Eastern al-Hasakah offensive">Eastern al-Hasakah offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sarrin_(March%E2%80%93April_2015)" title="Battle of Sarrin (March–April 2015)">1st Sarrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hama_and_Homs_offensive_(March%E2%80%93April_2015)" title="Hama and Homs offensive (March–April 2015)">Hama/Homs offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bosra_(2015)" title="Battle of Bosra (2015)">Bosra</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2015_Idlib_offensive" title="2015 Idlib offensive">5th Idlib Gov</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Idlib_(2015)" title="Battle of Idlib (2015)">2nd Idlib city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_al-Fu%27ah_and_Kafriya" title="Siege of al-Fu'ah and Kafriya">Al-Fu'ah-Kafriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nasib_Border_Crossing" title="Battle of Nasib Border Crossing">Nasib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Yarmouk_Camp_(2015)" title="Battle of Yarmouk Camp (2015)">2nd Yarmouk camp</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(April%E2%80%93June_2015)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (April–June 2015)">1st Northwestern Syria</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalamoun_offensive_(May%E2%80%93June_2015)" title="Qalamoun offensive (May–June 2015)">3rd Qalamoun</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(May_2015)" title="Palmyra offensive (May 2015)">1st Palmyra</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_al-Hasakah_offensive" title="Western al-Hasakah offensive">Western al-Hasakah offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Hasakah_city_offensive" title="Al-Hasakah city offensive">1st Al-Hasakah city</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tell_Abyad_offensive" title="Tell Abyad offensive">Tell Abyad</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_and_As-Suwayda_offensive_(June_2015)" title="Daraa and As-Suwayda offensive (June 2015)">Daraa/As-Suwayda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quneitra_offensive_(June_2015)" title="Quneitra offensive (June 2015)">2nd Quneitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sarrin_(June%E2%80%93July_2015)" title="Battle of Sarrin (June–July 2015)">2nd Sarrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(June%E2%80%93July_2015)" title="Daraa offensive (June–July 2015)">5th Daraa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Hasakah_(2015)" title="Battle of al-Hasakah (2015)">2nd Al-Hasakah city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koban%C3%AE_massacre" title="Kobanî massacre">2nd Kobanî</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(July_2015)" title="Aleppo offensive (July 2015)">4th Aleppo offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zabadani_(2015)" title="Battle of Zabadani (2015)">2nd Zabadani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(July%E2%80%93August_2015)" title="Palmyra offensive (July–August 2015)">2nd Palmyra</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Al-Ghab_offensive_(July%E2%80%93August_2015)" title="Al-Ghab offensive (July–August 2015)">Al-Ghab</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Qaryatayn_(2015)" title="Battle of al-Qaryatayn (2015)">1st al-Qaryatayn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douma_massacre_(2015)" title="Douma massacre (2015)">Douma market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(September_2015)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (September 2015)">7th Rif Dimashq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuweires_offensive" title="Kuweires offensive">Kuweires offensive</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Russian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template:Campaignbox Russian intervention in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Russian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Russian intervention in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Russian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Russian intervention in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Russian_intervention_(Sept._2015_–_March_2016)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Russian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Russian intervention in the Syrian civil war"><span class="wrap">Russian intervention</span></a> (Sept. 2015 – March 2016)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Russian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Russian intervention in the Syrian civil war">Russian intervention</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quneitra_offensive_(October_2015)" title="Quneitra offensive (October 2015)">3rd Quneitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(October%E2%80%93November_2015)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (October–November 2015)">2nd Northwestern Syria</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2015%E2%80%932016_Latakia_offensive" title="2015–2016 Latakia offensive">3rd Latakia offensive</a></b> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/2015_Russian_Sukhoi_Su-24_shootdown" title="2015 Russian Sukhoi Su-24 shootdown">Su-24 shootdown</a></b></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(October%E2%80%93December_2015)" title="Aleppo offensive (October–December 2015)">5th Aleppo offensive</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_al-Hawl_offensive" title="2015 al-Hawl offensive">al-Hawl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homs_offensive_(November%E2%80%93December_2015)" title="Homs offensive (November–December 2015)">Homs offensive</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/East_Aleppo_offensive_(2015%E2%80%932016)" title="East Aleppo offensive (2015–2016)">6th Aleppo offensive</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Hama_offensive" title="2015 Hama offensive">4th Hama offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Tamer_bombings" title="Tell Tamer bombings">Tell Tamer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tishrin_Dam_offensive" title="Tishrin Dam offensive">Tishrin Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Al-Shaykh_Maskin_(2015%E2%80%932016)" title="Battle of Al-Shaykh Maskin (2015–2016)">2nd Al-Shaykh Maskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Qamishli_bombings" title="2015 Qamishli bombings">al-Qamishli bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orontes_River_offensive" title="Orontes River offensive">Orontes River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(2016)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (2016)">3rd Deir ez-Zor offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Sayyidah_Zaynab_attacks" title="2016 Sayyidah Zaynab attacks">1st Sayyidah Zaynab</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Northern_Aleppo_offensive_(February_2016)" title="Northern Aleppo offensive (February 2016)">7th Aleppo offensive</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ithriyah-Raqqa_offensive_(February%E2%80%93March_2016)" title="Ithriyah-Raqqa offensive (February–March 2016)">1st Ithriyah-Raqqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Shaddadi_offensive_(2016)" title="Al-Shaddadi offensive (2016)">Al-Shaddadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2016_Homs_bombings" title="February 2016 Homs bombings">Homs bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Sayyidah_Zaynab_attacks" title="2016 Sayyidah Zaynab attacks">2nd Sayyidah Zaynab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Khanasir_offensive" title="2016 Khanasir offensive">Khanasir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tell_Abyad_(2016)" title="Battle of Tell Abyad (2016)">2nd Tel Abyad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Tanf_offensive_(2016)" title="Al-Tanf offensive (2016)">Al-Tanf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Qaryatayn_(2016)" title="Battle of al-Qaryatayn (2016)">2nd Al-Qaryatayn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(March_2016)" title="Palmyra offensive (March 2016)">3rd Palmyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maarat_al-Numan_(2016)" title="Battle of Maarat al-Numan (2016)">2nd Maarat al-Nu'man</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Aleppo_escalation_period_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template:Campaignbox Aleppo escalation period in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Aleppo_escalation_period_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Aleppo escalation period in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Aleppo_escalation_period_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Aleppo escalation period in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Aleppo_escalation_and_Euphrates_Shield_(March_2016_–_February_2017)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aleppo_(2012%E2%80%932016)" title="Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016)"><span class="wrap">Aleppo escalation</span></a> and <a href="/wiki/Operation_Euphrates_Shield" title="Operation Euphrates Shield"><span class="wrap"><i>Euphrates Shield</i></span></a> (March 2016 – February 2017)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Aleppo_offensive_(March%E2%80%93June_2016)" title="Northern Aleppo offensive (March–June 2016)">8th Aleppo offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(March%E2%80%93April_2016)" title="Daraa offensive (March–April 2016)">6th Daraa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Southern_Aleppo_campaign" title="2016 Southern Aleppo campaign">9th–11th Aleppo offensives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Dumayr_offensive_(April_2016)" title="Al-Dumayr offensive (April 2016)">Al-Dumayr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Ghouta_inter-rebel_conflict_(April%E2%80%93May_2016)" title="East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (April–May 2016)">1st East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Qamishli_(2016)" title="Battle of Qamishli (2016)">1st Qamishli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_bombings_(April%E2%80%93July_2016)" title="Aleppo bombings (April–July 2016)">Aleppo bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(April%E2%80%93May_2016)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (April–May 2016)">8th Rif Dimashq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Shaer_gas_field_(2016)" title="Battle of the Shaer gas field (2016)">3rd Shaer gas field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Raqqa_offensive" title="Northern Raqqa offensive">Northern Raqqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2016_Jableh_and_Tartus_bombings" title="May 2016 Jableh and Tartus bombings">Jableh & Tartus</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Manbij_offensive" title="Manbij offensive">Manbij</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tokhar_airstrike" title="Tokhar airstrike">Tokhar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ithriyah-Raqqa_offensive_(June_2016)" title="Ithriyah-Raqqa offensive (June 2016)">2nd Ithriyah-Raqqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(June%E2%80%93October_2016)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (June–October 2016)">9th Rif Dimashq</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2016_Aleppo_summer_campaign" title="2016 Aleppo summer campaign">12th–14th Aleppo offensives</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(June%E2%80%93July_2016)" title="Aleppo offensive (June–July 2016)">12th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(July%E2%80%93August_2016)" title="Aleppo offensive (July–August 2016)">13th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(August%E2%80%93September_2016)" title="Aleppo offensive (August–September 2016)">14th</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Latakia_offensive" title="2016 Latakia offensive">4th Latakia offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Abu_Kamal_offensive" title="2016 Abu Kamal offensive">1st Abu Kamal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_2016_Qamishli_bombings" title="July 2016 Qamishli bombings">3rd Qamishli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Atmeh_attack" title="2016 Atmeh attack">Atmeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Rai_(August_2016)" title="Battle of al-Rai (August 2016)">al-Rai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Hasakah_(2016)" title="Battle of al-Hasakah (2016)">3rd Al-Hasakah City</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Operation_Euphrates_Shield" title="Operation Euphrates Shield">Operation Euphrates Shield</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_al-Bab_offensive_(September_2016)" title="Northern al-Bab offensive (September 2016)">Northern al-Bab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Dabiq_offensive" title="2016 Dabiq offensive">Dabiq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Bab" title="Battle of al-Bab">al-Bab</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2016_Hama_offensive" title="2016 Hama offensive">5th Hama offensive</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_al-Bab_offensive_(September_2016)" title="Western al-Bab offensive (September 2016)">1st Western al-Bab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Qalamoun_offensive_(September%E2%80%93October_2016)" title="Eastern Qalamoun offensive (September–October 2016)">1st Eastern Qalamoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_September_2016_Syria_bombings" title="5 September 2016 Syria bombings">September bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quneitra_offensive_(September_2016)" title="Quneitra offensive (September 2016)">4th Quneitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2016_Deir_ez-Zor_air_raid" title="September 2016 Deir ez-Zor air raid">Deir ez-Zor airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2016_Urum_al-Kubra_aid_convoy_attack" title="September 2016 Urum al-Kubra aid convoy attack">Aleppo aid convoy attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(September%E2%80%93October_2016)" title="Aleppo offensive (September–October 2016)">15th Aleppo offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_al-Shih_offensive_(October%E2%80%93November_2016)" title="Khan al-Shih offensive (October–November 2016)">Khan al-Shih</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_2016_Idlib_Governorate_clashes" title="October 2016 Idlib Governorate clashes">1st Idlib inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_al-Bab_offensive_(October%E2%80%93November_2016)" title="Western al-Bab offensive (October–November 2016)">2nd Western al-Bab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(October%E2%80%93November_2016)" title="Aleppo offensive (October–November 2016)">16th Aleppo offensive</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Raqqa_campaign_(2016%E2%80%932017)" title="Raqqa campaign (2016–2017)">2nd Raqqa campaign</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(November%E2%80%93December_2016)" title="Aleppo offensive (November–December 2016)">17th Aleppo offensive</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(December_2016)" title="Palmyra offensive (December 2016)">4th Palmyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadi_Barada_offensive_(2016%E2%80%932017)" title="Wadi Barada offensive (2016–2017)">Wadi Barada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Desert_campaign_(December_2016%E2%80%93April_2017)" title="Syrian Desert campaign (December 2016–April 2017)">1st Syrian Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_2017_Azaz_bombing" title="January 2017 Azaz bombing">Azaz bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(2017)" title="Palmyra offensive (2017)">5th Palmyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(January%E2%80%93February_2017)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (January–February 2017)">4th Deir ez-Zor offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Aleppo_offensive_(2017)" title="East Aleppo offensive (2017)">18th Aleppo offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(January%E2%80%93March_2017)" title="Idlib Governorate clashes (January–March 2017)">2nd Idlib inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(February%E2%80%93June_2017)" title="Daraa offensive (February–June 2017)">7th Daraa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qaboun_offensive_(2017)" title="Qaboun offensive (2017)">Qaboun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_Daraa_offensive_(February_2017)" title="Southwestern Daraa offensive (February 2017)">8th Daraa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Collapse_of_Islamic_State_in_Syria" title="Template:Campaignbox Collapse of Islamic State in Syria"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Collapse_of_Islamic_State_in_Syria" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Collapse of Islamic State in Syria"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Collapse_of_Islamic_State_in_Syria" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Collapse of Islamic State in Syria"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Collapse_of_ISIS_in_Syria_(2017)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em">Collapse of <a href="/wiki/ISIS" class="mw-redirect" title="ISIS">ISIS</a> in Syria (<a href="/wiki/2017_in_Syria" title="2017 in Syria">2017</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Homs_offensive_(2017)" title="Eastern Homs offensive (2017)">Eastern Homs offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_al-Jinah_airstrike" title="2017 al-Jinah airstrike">al-Jina mosque</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Hama_offensive_(March%E2%80%93April_2017)" title="Hama offensive (March–April 2017)">6th Hama offensive</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tabqa" title="Battle of Tabqa">Tabqa</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_Shaykhun_chemical_attack" title="Khan Shaykhun chemical attack">Khan Shaykhun</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2017_Shayrat_missile_strike" title="2017 Shayrat missile strike">US Shayrat strike</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Aleppo_suicide_car_bombing" title="2017 Aleppo suicide car bombing">Aleppo bus bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2017_Turkish_airstrikes_in_Syria_and_Iraq" title="April 2017 Turkish airstrikes in Syria and Iraq">April 2017 Turkish airstrikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Ghouta_inter-rebel_conflict_(April%E2%80%93May_2017)" title="East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (April–May 2017)">2nd East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Desert_campaign_(May%E2%80%93July_2017)" title="Syrian Desert campaign (May–July 2017)">2nd Syrian Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maskanah_Plains_offensive" title="Maskanah Plains offensive">Maskanah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Hama_offensive_(2017)" title="East Hama offensive (2017)">East Hama</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Raqqa_(2017)" title="Battle of Raqqa (2017)">2nd Raqqa</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(June_2017)" title="Daraa offensive (June 2017)">9th Daraa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Southern_Raqqa_offensive" title="2017 Southern Raqqa offensive">Southern Raqqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Laylat_al-Qadr" title="Operation Laylat al-Qadr">Iranian Deir ez-Zor strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ja%27Din_shootdown_incident" title="Ja'Din shootdown incident">Ja'din</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Jobar_offensive" title="2017 Jobar offensive">Jobar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quneitra_offensive_(June_2017)" title="Quneitra offensive (June 2017)">5th Quneitra</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Central_Syria_campaign" title="Central Syria campaign">Central Syria</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(July_2017)" title="Idlib Governorate clashes (July 2017)">3rd Idlib inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Qalamoun_offensive_(2017)" title="Qalamoun offensive (2017)">4th Qalamoun</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_campaign_(2017%E2%80%932019)" title="Deir ez-Zor campaign (2017–2019)">Deir ez-Zor (2017–2019)</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Syria_campaign_(September%E2%80%93December_2017)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Syria campaign (September–December 2017)">2nd Eastern Syria</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(September%E2%80%93November_2017)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (September–November 2017)">Deir ez-Zor city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphrates_Crossing_offensive_(2017)" title="Euphrates Crossing offensive (2017)">Euphrates Crossing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Mayadin_offensive" title="2017 Mayadin offensive">Mayadin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Abu_Kamal_offensive" title="2017 Abu Kamal offensive">2nd Abu Kamal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hama_offensive_(September_2017)" title="Hama offensive (September 2017)">7th Hama offensive</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Idlib_escalation_period_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template:Campaignbox Idlib escalation period in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Idlib_escalation_period_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Idlib escalation period in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Idlib_escalation_period_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Idlib escalation period in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Rebels_in_retreat_and_Operation_Olive_Branch(Nov._2017_–_Sep._2018)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em">Rebels in retreat and <i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Olive_Branch" title="Operation Olive Branch"><span class="wrap">Operation Olive Branch</span></a></i><br />(Nov. 2017 – Sep. 2018)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_campaign_(October_2017%E2%80%93February_2018)" title="Northwestern Syria campaign (October 2017–February 2018)">3rd Northwestern Syria</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Syria_insurgency" title="Eastern Syria insurgency">Eastern Syria insurgency</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atarib_market_massacre" title="Atarib market massacre">Atarib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Harasta_(2017%E2%80%932018)" title="Battle of Harasta (2017–2018)">Harasta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beit_Jinn_offensive" title="Beit Jinn offensive">Beit Jinn</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Desert_campaign_(December_2017%E2%80%93present)" title="Syrian Desert campaign (December 2017–present)">3rd Syrian Desert</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(2018)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (2018)">5th Deir ez-Zor offensive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Damascus_offensive_(January%E2%80%93February_2018)" title="Southern Damascus offensive (January–February 2018)">1st Southern Damascus</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Operation_Olive_Branch" title="Operation Olive Branch">Olive Branch</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afrin_offensive_(January%E2%80%93March_2018)" title="Afrin offensive (January–March 2018)">Afrin</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/SDF_insurgency_in_Northern_Aleppo" class="mw-redirect" title="SDF insurgency in Northern Aleppo">SDF insurgency</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Khasham" title="Battle of Khasham">Khasham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2018_Israel%E2%80%93Syria_incident" title="February 2018 Israel–Syria incident">Feb 2018 Israel–Syria incident</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(February%E2%80%93April_2018)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (February–April 2018)">10th Rif Dimashq</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Douma_chemical_attack" title="Douma chemical attack">Douma</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Liberation_Front%E2%80%93Tahrir_al-Sham_conflict" title="Syrian Liberation Front–Tahrir al-Sham conflict">4th Idlib inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Damascus_offensive_(March_2018)" title="Southern Damascus offensive (March 2018)">2nd Southern Damascus</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria" title="April 2018 missile strikes against Syria">U.S.-led missile strikes</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Northern_Homs_offensive_(April%E2%80%93May_2018)" title="Northern Homs offensive (April–May 2018)">Northern Homs</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Qalamoun_offensive_(April_2018)" title="Eastern Qalamoun offensive (April 2018)">2nd Eastern Qalamoun</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Southern_Damascus_offensive_(April%E2%80%93May_2018)" title="Southern Damascus offensive (April–May 2018)">3rd Southern Damascus</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_Governorate_clashes" title="Deir ez-Zor Governorate clashes">Deir ez-Zor SAA-SDF clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_House_of_Cards" title="Operation House of Cards">House of Cards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As-Suwayda_offensive_(June_2018)" title="As-Suwayda offensive (June 2018)">1st As-Suwayda</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2018_Southern_Syria_offensive" title="2018 Southern Syria offensive">2nd Southern Syria</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_As-Suwayda_attacks" title="2018 As-Suwayda attacks">2nd As-Suwayda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As-Suwayda_offensive_(August%E2%80%93November_2018)" title="As-Suwayda offensive (August–November 2018)">3rd As-Suwayda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qamishli_clashes_(2018)" title="Qamishli clashes (2018)">2nd Qamishli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Idlib_demilitarization_and_frozen_conflict" title="Template:Campaignbox Idlib demilitarization and frozen conflict"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Idlib_demilitarization_and_frozen_conflict" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Idlib demilitarization and frozen conflict"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Idlib_demilitarization_and_frozen_conflict" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Idlib demilitarization and frozen conflict"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Idlib_demilitarization(Sep._2018_–_April_2019)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Idlib_demilitarization_(2018%E2%80%932019)" title="Idlib demilitarization (2018–2019)"><span class="wrap">Idlib demilitarization</span></a><br />(Sep. 2018 – April 2019)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_demilitarization_(2018%E2%80%932019)" title="Idlib demilitarization (2018–2019)">Idlib demilitarization</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Front_for_Liberation%E2%80%93Tahrir_al-Sham_conflict" title="National Front for Liberation–Tahrir al-Sham conflict">5th Idlib inter-rebel conflict</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria_missile_strikes_(September_2018)" title="Syria missile strikes (September 2018)">Sep. 2018 missile strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahvaz_military_parade_attack#Retaliatory_missile_and_drone_strikes" title="Ahvaz military parade attack">Iranian Eastern Euphrates strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Syrian-Turkish_border_clashes" class="mw-redirect" title="2018 Syrian-Turkish border clashes">Northern border clashes</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Daraa_insurgency" title="Daraa insurgency">Daraa insurgency</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Manbij_bombing" title="2019 Manbij bombing">Manbij bombing</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Baghuz_Fawqani" title="Battle of Baghuz Fawqani">Baghuz Fawqani</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2019_U.S._airstrike_in_Baghuz" title="2019 U.S. airstrike in Baghuz">U.S. airstrike</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Failure_of_the_demilitarization_and_renewed_fighting" title="Template:Campaignbox Failure of the demilitarization and renewed fighting"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Failure_of_the_demilitarization_and_renewed_fighting" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Failure of the demilitarization and renewed fighting"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Failure_of_the_demilitarization_and_renewed_fighting" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Failure of the demilitarization and renewed fighting"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="First_Idlib_offensive,_Operation_Peace_Spring,_&amp;_Second_Idlib_offensive_(April_2019_–_March_2020)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(April%E2%80%93August_2019)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (April–August 2019)"><span class="wrap">First Idlib offensive</span></a>, <i><a href="/wiki/2019_Turkish_offensive_into_north-eastern_Syria" title="2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria"><span class="wrap">Operation Peace Spring</span></a></i>, & <a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(December_2019%E2%80%93March_2020)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (December 2019–March 2020)"><span class="wrap">Second Idlib offensive</span></a> (April 2019 – March 2020)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(April%E2%80%93August_2019)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (April–August 2019)">4th Northwestern</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Tell_Rifaat_clashes" title="2019 Tell Rifaat clashes">Tell Rifaat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2019_Syria_bombings" title="June 2019 Syria bombings">Raqqa & Azaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hass_refugee_camp_bombing" title="Hass refugee camp bombing">Hass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria_missile_strikes_(August_2019)" title="Syria missile strikes (August 2019)">2nd Israeli missile strikes</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2019_Turkish_offensive_into_north-eastern_Syria" title="2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria">Peace Spring</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ras_al-Ayn_(2019)" title="Battle of Ras al-Ayn (2019)">2nd Ras al-Ayn</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Abu_Bakr_al-Baghdadi" title="Death of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi">Kayla Mueller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_2019_Syria_bombings" title="November 2019 Syria bombings">Northern bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_2019_Israeli_missile_strikes_in_Syria" title="November 2019 Israeli missile strikes in Syria">3rd Israeli missile strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qah_missile_strike" title="Qah missile strike">Qah</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(December_2019%E2%80%93March_2020)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (December 2019–March 2020)">5th Northwestern</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Balyun_airstrikes" title="2020 Balyun airstrikes">Balyun</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Operation_Spring_Shield" title="Operation Spring Shield">Spring Shield</a></b></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2019_United_States_airstrikes_in_Iraq_and_Syria" title="December 2019 United States airstrikes in Iraq and Syria">2nd U.S. missile strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2020_Daraa_clashes" title="March 2020 Daraa clashes">10th Daraa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Idlib_ceasefire" title="Template:Campaignbox Idlib ceasefire"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Idlib_ceasefire" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Idlib ceasefire"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Idlib_ceasefire" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Idlib ceasefire"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Idlib_ceasefire_(March_2020_–_present)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em">Idlib ceasefire (March 2020 – present)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(June_2020)" title="Idlib Governorate clashes (June 2020)">6th Idlib inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_Ayn_Issa_clashes" title="2020–2021 Ayn Issa clashes">Ayn Issa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Qamishli_and_Al-Hasakah" title="Siege of Qamishli and Al-Hasakah">Qamishli & Al-Hasakah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria_missile_strikes_(January_2021)" title="Syria missile strikes (January 2021)">4th Israeli missile strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Qamishli_(2021)" title="Battle of Qamishli (2021)">3rd Qamishli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Daraa_offensive" title="2021 Daraa offensive">11th Daraa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahrir_al-Sham%E2%80%93Junud_al-Sham_conflict" title="Tahrir al-Sham–Junud al-Sham conflict">7th Idlib inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Hasakah_(2022)" title="Battle of al-Hasakah (2022)">3rd Al-Hasakah city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Ahrar_al-Sham%E2%80%93Levant_Front_clashes" title="2022 Ahrar al-Sham–Levant Front clashes">1st Aleppo inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Jabal_al-Bishr%C4%AB_clashes" title="2022 Jabal al-Bishrī clashes">Jabal al-Bishrī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Aleppo_clashes_(October_2022)" title="Northern Aleppo clashes (October 2022)">2nd Aleppo inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Claw-Sword" title="Operation Claw-Sword">Claw-Sword</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_clashes_(December_2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Northwestern Syria clashes (December 2022–present)">Northwestern clashes</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2023_northeastern_Syria_clashes" title="March 2023 northeastern Syria clashes">3rd U.S. missile strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2023_Northeastern_Syria_clashes" title="June 2023 Northeastern Syria clashes">2nd Northern clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_clashes_(2023)" title="Deir ez-Zor clashes (2023)">Deir ez-Zor (2023)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_2023_Northern_Syria_clashes" title="October 2023 Northern Syria clashes">3rd Northern clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Homs_drone_strike" title="2023 Homs drone strike">Homs drone strike</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Israel-Hezbollah_conflict_(2023%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Israel-Hezbollah conflict (2023–present)">Israel–Hezbollah conflict</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Iranian_consulate_airstrike_in_Damascus" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian consulate airstrike in Damascus">Iranian consulate airstrike</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2024_United_States_airstrikes_in_Iraq_and_Syria" title="February 2024 United States airstrikes in Iraq and Syria">February 2024 airstrikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_anti-Turkish_riots_in_Syria" title="2024 anti-Turkish riots in Syria">Anti-Turkish riots</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Spillover_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template:Campaignbox Spillover of the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Spillover_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Spillover of the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Spillover_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Spillover of the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Syrian_War_spillover_and_international_incidents" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Spillover_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Spillover of the Syrian civil war"><span class="wrap">Syrian War spillover and international incidents</span></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war_spillover_in_Lebanon" title="Syrian civil war spillover in Lebanon">Lebanon spillover</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon%E2%80%93Syria_border_clashes" title="Lebanon–Syria border clashes">Lebanese–Syrian border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Sidon_clash" title="2013 Sidon clash">Sidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Iranian_embassy_bombing_in_Beirut" title="2013 Iranian embassy bombing in Beirut">Iranian embassy bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Lebanon_clashes_(2014)" title="North Lebanon clashes (2014)">North Lebanon clashes</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syrian%E2%80%93Turkish_border_clashes_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian–Turkish border clashes during the Syrian civil war">Syrian–Turkish border incidents</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_Turkish_F-4_Phantom_shootdown" title="2012 Turkish F-4 Phantom shootdown">Turkish F4 shootdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Reyhanl%C4%B1_car_bombings" title="2013 Reyhanlı car bombings">Reyhanlı bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_occupation_of_northern_Syria" title="Turkish occupation of northern Syria">Turkish occupation of northern Syria</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Koban%C3%AE_protests" title="2014 Kobanî protests">Kurdish riots</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian%E2%80%93Syrian_border_incidents_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Jordanian–Syrian border incidents during the Syrian civil war">Jordanian–Syrian border incidents</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Syrian_ceasefire_line_incidents_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Israeli–Syrian ceasefire line incidents during the Syrian civil war">Israeli–Syrian ceasefire line</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/February_2018_Israel%E2%80%93Syria_incident" title="February 2018 Israel–Syria incident">February 2018 incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_House_of_Cards" title="Operation House of Cards">May 2018 incident</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Iraq_(2013%E2%80%932017)" title="War in Iraq (2013–2017)">Iraqi–Syrian border incidents</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akashat_ambush" title="Akashat ambush">Akashat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_al-Shabah" title="Operation al-Shabah">al-Shabah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Nineveh_offensive_(2017)" title="Western Nineveh offensive (2017)">Western Nineveh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Western_Iraq_campaign" title="2017 Western Iraq campaign">Western Iraq</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li>Spillover in Iran <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2017_Tehran_attacks" title="2017 Tehran attacks">2017 Tehran attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Laylat_al-Qadr" title="Operation Laylat al-Qadr">2017 Deir ez-Zor missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Erbil_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Erbil attack">2024 Iranian airstrikes in Syria</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkey%E2%80%93Islamic_State_conflict" title="Turkey–Islamic State conflict">Spillover in Turkey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2015_Russian_Sukhoi_Su-24_shootdown" title="2015 Russian Sukhoi Su-24 shootdown">Russian Su-24 shootdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Andrei_Karlov" title="Assassination of Andrei Karlov">Andrei Karlov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Balyun_airstrikes" title="2020 Balyun airstrikes">Balyun airstrikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Kafr_Takharim_airstrike" title="2020 Kafr Takharim airstrike">Kafr Takharim airstrikes</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_proxy_conflict" title="Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict">Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict</a></li></ul> <hr /> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_terrorism_in_Europe" title="Islamic terrorism in Europe">Spillover in Europe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Foreign_involvement_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template:Campaignbox Foreign involvement in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Foreign_involvement_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Foreign involvement in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Foreign_involvement_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Foreign involvement in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Foreign_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war"><span class="wrap">Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war</span></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>Foreign intervention on behalf of Syrian Arab Republic</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Russian involvement in the Syrian civil war">Russian involvement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Iranian intervention in the Syrian civil war">Iranian intervention</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Laylat_al-Qadr" title="Operation Laylat al-Qadr">2017 missile strike</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hezbollah_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Hezbollah involvement in the Syrian civil war">2012 Hezbollah involvement</a></li></ul> <p><b>Foreign intervention in behalf of Syrian rebels</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_fighters_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Foreign fighters in the Syrian civil war">Foreign rebel fighters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Turkish involvement in the Syrian civil war">Turkish involvement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkey%E2%80%93Islamic_State_conflict" title="Turkey–Islamic State conflict">Turkey–Islamic State conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Suleyman_Shah#Events_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Tomb of Suleyman Shah">Tomb of Suleyman Shah relocation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Euphrates_Shield" title="Operation Euphrates Shield">Euphrates Shield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2017_Turkish_airstrikes_in_Syria_and_Iraq" title="April 2017 Turkish airstrikes in Syria and Iraq">2017 airstrikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_military_operation_in_Idlib_Governorate" title="Turkish military operation in Idlib Governorate">Idlib Governorate operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Olive_Branch" title="Operation Olive Branch">Afrin operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Turkish_offensive_into_north-eastern_Syria" title="2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria">2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%27s_role_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Israel's role in the Syrian civil war">Israel's role</a></li></ul> <p><b>U.S.-led intervention against ISIL</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/US_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="US intervention in the Syrian civil war">US intervention</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_US_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Timeline of US intervention in the Syrian civil war">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_attacks_on_Syria_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="List of United States attacks on Syria during the Syrian civil war">List of attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_American_rescue_mission_in_Syria" title="2014 American rescue mission in Syria">2014 rescue operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2015_U.S._special_forces_raid_in_Syria" title="May 2015 U.S. special forces raid in Syria">May 2015 raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Shayrat_missile_strike" title="2017 Shayrat missile strike">2017 missile strikes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatari_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Qatari involvement in the Syrian civil war">Qatari involvement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Jordanian intervention in the Syrian civil war">Jordanian intervention</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Martyr_Muath" title="Operation Martyr Muath">Operation Martyr Muath</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon%27s_role_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Lebanon's role in the Syrian civil war">Lebanon's role</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Saudi involvement in the Syrian civil war">Saudi involvement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria" title="April 2018 missile strikes against Syria">April 2018 missile strikes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Dutch involvement in the Syrian civil war">Dutch involvement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_intervention_against_the_Islamic_State" title="German intervention against the Islamic State">German intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ration_Chammal" title="Opération Chammal">French intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Okra" title="Operation Okra">Australian intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Shader" title="Operation Shader">UK intervention</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>The <b>September 2011 – March 2012 Idlib Governorate clashes</b> were the violent incidents that took place in <a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate" title="Idlib Governorate">Idlib Governorate</a>, a province of <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>, from September 2011 and prior to the <a href="/wiki/April_2012_Idlib_Governorate_Operation" title="April 2012 Idlib Governorate Operation">April 2012 Idlib Governorate Operation</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Free_Syrian_Army" title="Free Syrian Army">Free Syrian Army</a> had been targeting <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Army" title="Syrian Army">Syrian Army</a> military patrols in the governorate since October 2011.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Protests had still continued in this governorate, but they were often dispersed with gunfire by security forces. On 19 December, it became clear that "Army defectors have taken control over some towns and villages, almost as though they have created some sort of safe area, where protesters from other regions were seeking a safe haven and where defectors were able to operate from", and Syrian Army forces launched an offensive on one area, massacring a large number of civilians in one village.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hundreds of troops have been filmed after switching sides in one village in the province's countryside, prompting residents to hoist a flag of independence.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(September_2011_%E2%80%93_March_2012)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 29 June, Syrian troops killed at least four civilians as army tanks and helicopters attacked a village in the northwestern province of Idlib, activists said, "The four died in random firing on the village of Rameh from tank machine guns, which has become customary in these unjustified assaults. The tanks started firing on surrounding woods then directed their fire on the village," Ammar Qarabi, president of the Syrian National Human Rights Organisation, told Reuters news agency from exile in Cairo.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 2 July, Alarabiya reported of larger deployment of Syrian troops in the Idlib province, where some 16 civilians were killed on 1 July.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tanks were first reported to be moving toward Idlib city on 4 July, after massive anti-Government protests took place at the province.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yet, nightly protests still continued despite the siege.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Armed_clashes">Armed clashes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(September_2011_%E2%80%93_March_2012)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Armed clashes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="September_2011">September 2011</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(September_2011_%E2%80%93_March_2012)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: September 2011"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 8 September, Security forces abducted the 74-year-old brother of army defector Lieutenant Colonel Hussein Harmoush, one of the first defecting officers. Muhammad Harmoush was abducted and his body was later returned to his family when the soldiers raided his home in the village of Ibleen. It was also reported that three military defectors were killed in the raid and SANA, Syrian state television, reported that six of their soldiers were killed in the operation.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 29 September, the Harmoush Battalion of the <a href="/wiki/Free_Syrian_Army" title="Free Syrian Army">Free Syrian Army</a> claimed responsibility for an attack on security forces in the <a href="/wiki/Jabal_Zawiya" title="Jabal Zawiya">Jabal Zawiya</a> area, killing a number of security personnel.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="October_2011">October 2011</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(September_2011_%E2%80%93_March_2012)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: October 2011"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Around 5 October, security forces raided villages close to the Turkish border, five villagers and seven soldiers were said to have died in clashes there.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Suspected deserters killed eight soldiers in simultaneous attacks on three army posts in the northern province of Idlib on 10 October.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One of the first reported engagements in the Province was on 18 October, when "Gunmen suspected of being army defectors blew up a bomb by remote control as an army vehicle passed by Ehssem in the countryside of the (northwestern province of Idlib), killing an officer and three soldiers, and wounding others," said the <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Observatory_for_Human_Rights" title="Syrian Observatory for Human Rights">Syrian Observatory for Human Rights</a> (S.O.H.R.) </p><p>On 25 October, army defectors who defected during a military assault in the central province of Homs gathered and launched an assault on a road block, where many armored vehicles were said to have parked. The battle took place on the edge of <a href="/wiki/Maarat_al-Numaan" class="mw-redirect" title="Maarat al-Numaan">Maarat al-Numaan</a>, up to ten security agents were killed with an unknown number of defector casualties.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One of the earliest engagements in the province was on 30 October 2011, when a transporting security agents between the villages of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Habit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Habit (page does not exist)">al-Habit</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kafr_Nabudah" title="Kafr Nabudah">Kafr Nabudah</a> in Idlib province, close to the Turkish border was attacked "by armed men, probably deserters", the resulting battle leaving 10 security agents and one deserter dead.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="November_2011">November 2011</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(September_2011_%E2%80%93_March_2012)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: November 2011"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Five soldiers were killed in ambushes near <a href="/wiki/Maarat_al-Numaan" class="mw-redirect" title="Maarat al-Numaan">Maarat al-Numaan</a> on 10 November.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Free_Syrian_Army" title="Free Syrian Army">Free Syrian Army</a> (FSA), operated on 26 November 2011, when they killed eight regular <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Army" title="Syrian Army">Syrian Army</a> soldiers and members of the security forces and wounded 40 more in an attack in Idlib in northwest Syria. The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said: </p> <blockquote><p>A group of deserters attacked a squad of soldiers and security agents in a convoy of seven vehicles, including three all-terrain vehicles, on the road from Ghadka to Maaret Numan.</p></blockquote> <p>The Britain-based watchdog said: </p> <blockquote><p>Eight were killed and at least 40 more were wounded. The deserters were able to withdraw without suffering any casualties.</p></blockquote> <p>The Free Syrian Army said in a statement it was behind the attack.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 27 November, a person was killed in the <a href="/wiki/Kafr_Nabl" title="Kafr Nabl">Kafr Nabl</a> area of Idlib province in the northwest after being arrested by security forces "for selling fuel to militants," the Syrian observatory for human rights claimed.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 29 November, the FSA launched an attack that killed three government soldiers and captured two others, and then government forces later shot dead a civilian.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At least six anti-government demonstrators were shot dead when security forces broke up an anti-government demonstration in the city of Idlib on 30 November. "They have not blocked protests in Idlib for weeks. Today they fired at a crowd thousands who were marching from a roundabout to the main Mohafaza Square," said Fares, an activist.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="December_2011">December 2011</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(September_2011_%E2%80%93_March_2012)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: December 2011"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 1 December, FSA troops launched a raid on an intelligence building in Idlib, leading to a three-hour fire fight in which eight loyalists were killed.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 3 December, seven members of the security forces, five army rebels and three civilians were killed in a three-hour night-time battle in Idlib, according to the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 5 December, at least a dozen Syrian secret police defected from an intelligence compound, in what appeared to be the first major desertion from a service that acted as a pillar of President Assad's rule. A gunfight then broke out overnight after the defectors fled the Airforce Intelligence complex in the center of Idlib city, northwest of Damascus. Ten people were killed or wounded on both sides, the activists said, according to Reuters.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 8 December, in Idlib, military forces raided houses and arrested three militants, in the vicinity of <a href="/wiki/Saraqib" title="Saraqib">Saraqib</a>, while some 50 armoured vehicles, including tanks and troop carriers, came under attack in the village of al-Rami.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the same day, three more protesters were killed in Idlib by security forces, as well as Mohammad Amin Subhi al-Najjar, an army defector from Aleppo, was also killed.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 10 December, Syrian security forces shot and killed four civilians, when they opened fire with live ammunition and tear gas on mourners in the northwest, a human rights group reported. "Four civilians were killed on Saturday after shots and tear gas were fired during the funeral of a child who was killed last night (Friday) in the city of Maaret Numan" in the northwestern province of Idlib, said the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Syrian state media, three rebels died planting a bomb and were buried in a park. This could not be verified.<sup id="cite_ref-sana.sy_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sana.sy-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 12 December two protesters and five soldiers were reported killed.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 13 December, violence flared in the province. Firstly, the UK-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights reported that army defectors in Idlib's Bab al-Hawa road killed seven members of Syria's security forces in retaliation for an attack that cost the lives of 11 civilians.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the same day, five more civilians were shot dead by security forces while official Syrian state media SANA stated that armed terrorists.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 19 December, the FSA suffered its largest loss of life when new defectors tried to abandon their positions and bases between the villages of Kansafra and Kafr Oweid in <a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate" title="Idlib Governorate">Idlib province</a>. Activist groups, specifically the Syrian Observatory for Human rights, reported that 72 defectors were killed as they were gunned down during their attempted escape. The Syrian Army lost three soldiers during the clashes.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The next day, S.O.H.R. stated that in all 100 defectors were killed or wounded.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, the same day, the Syrian Observatory for human rights reported the killing by government security forces of at least 111 civilians in the province. It had been called a "massacre", 37 civilians had also been killed the previous day.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alaa El Din Al Youssef, a Syrian opposition member in Idlib, described the government's attack on the area of Idlib and Jabal al-Zawiya as a massacre. </p><p>"Civilians were surrounded by security forces who killed 100 of us. The corpses of those killed were left in the streets and the mosques and we are not allowed to bury any of them." </p><p>"Some of those killed cannot be recognised. Some were burnt and some beheaded with their hands tied. We are really scared because the area might be stormed once again."<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The clashes continued into the next day, and another report, by Lebanese human rights activist Wissam Tarif, put the death toll even higher with 163 defectors, 97 government troops and nine civilians killed on the second day alone as the military tracked down the soldiers and civilian that managed to initially escape.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 21 December, it was reported that the FSA had taken control over large swathes of Idlib province including some towns and villages.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 30 December, more than 250,000 anti-government protesters took to the streets in the province of Idlib.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January_2012">January 2012</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(September_2011_%E2%80%93_March_2012)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: January 2012"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Army defectors captured dozens of members of the security forces by seizing two checkpoints in the new year on 2 January, the opposition said. Army defectors also clashed with security forces at a third checkpoint, killing and wounding an unspecified number of troops loyal to Assad, opposition activists said.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 3 January the SANA (Syrian state news) claimed gunmen had shot dead a police officer at al-Khudra market, Idlib.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 6 January, SANA claimed that a policeman was killed while on patrol in the Idlib area.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 12 January SANA claimed that eight security forces were killed in an attack on their bus near Jbala crossroads, 5 km north of <a href="/wiki/Khan_Shaykhun" title="Khan Shaykhun">Khan Shaykhun</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 17 January accord to claims made by SANA, two policemen were shot dead outside Idlib central prison and the bodies of three soldiers and a contractor were found with bullet wounds in a graveyard.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 19 January, Syrian security forces killed four leading pro-democracy activists in an ambush in northwestern Idlib province. The activists had gone into hiding with armed opponents of the Damascus government and were shot dead in the Zawiya hills close to the border with Turkey.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 21 January 14 people were killed when a bus carrying prisoners was targeted by unknown gunmen. The vehicle was apparently targeted in Jisr al-Shughour area. The incident followed reports of heavy clashes between the army and defectors in Idlib. Opposition activists said nine regular troops were killed by defectors. Mohammad Fizzo, an activist on the Turkish side of the border, told <a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera_Media_Network" title="Al Jazeera Media Network">Al Jazeera</a> there were many injured on both sides. "A group of soldiers who defected were trying to escape to Turkey when the government forces raided the bordering villages of Ain al-Beida and Khirbet al-Joz using heavy weapons and mortars," he said. According to Al Jazeera, Idlib, the base of many defected soldiers, has become a stronghold of the armed opposition, which has been targeting army convoys to prevent them from regaining territory under the opposition's control.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to state media, two security forces were among the dead in the explosion on the prisoner bus.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Separately, the <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Observatory_For_Human_Rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian Observatory For Human Rights">Syrian Observatory For Human Rights</a> reported that a member of the security forces was killed in fighting between dissidents and soldiers at Kafr Nabl, in the Zawiya mountains of Idlib province, with troops using heavy machine guns. 60 People, including civilians were said to have been killed that day. </p><p>On 23 January, S.O.H.R. reported that FSA and security forces clashed in Idlib on the Damascus-Aleppo highway, near <a href="/wiki/Maarrat_al-Nu%27man" class="mw-redirect" title="Maarrat al-Nu'man">Maarrat al-Nu'man</a>, where eight soldiers were reported killed, and three armoured cars destroyed.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 24 January, two policemen were killed when rebels opened fire on their car at Khan Shaykhun.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 25 January, the <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Arab_Red_Crescent" title="Syrian Arab Red Crescent">Syrian Arab Red Crescent</a>, a humanitarian organization that provides medical aid and food to victims of the Syrian government's crackdown announced the death of their vice-president, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdulrazak_Jbeiro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdulrazak Jbeiro (page does not exist)">Abdulrazak Jbeiro</a>, saying he had been shot dead by security forces as he drove to Idlib. He was also the head official of Idlib governorate for the organization.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 27 January, S.O.H.R reported that six members of the security forces were killed by a car bomb in the city of Idlib that targeted a security checkpoint, without providing any details on the identity of the assailants.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 29 January it was said that ten members of the military died when their convoy was attacked at Kansafra in the Jabal al-Zawiya area.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eight others were killed in a separate attack in Idlib on the same day.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In late January 2012, a defected colonel told reporters that about 90 percent of the city of <a href="/wiki/Idlib" title="Idlib">Idlib</a> was under Free Syrian Army control.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="February_2012">February 2012</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(September_2011_%E2%80%93_March_2012)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: February 2012"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By early February 2012, rebels controlled parts of Idlib city, but was preparing for an attack by the government. <a href="/wiki/Sky_news" class="mw-redirect" title="Sky news">Sky news</a> correspondent, <a href="/wiki/Alex_Crawford" title="Alex Crawford">Alex Crawford</a>, was inside the city of Idlib posting a video with the opposition flag flying in the city centre. The video showed FSA fighters standing guard and "tens of thousands" of residents protesting against Bashar al-Assad, demanding him to step down from power. Activists and fighters reported that there were tanks moving outside the city.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 4 February, S.O.H.R reported the deaths of at least 14 soldiers when their military convoy was attacked in Idlib province by rebel soldiers or deserters.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, a police sergeant was killed and another two wounded in another rebel attacked. In the ensuing clashes, the security forces reported they killed several of the attackers.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 5 February, S.O.H.R. reported that nine soldiers were killed and 21 were wounded in clashes with the FSA in three different locations in the Jebel Al-Zawiya area.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The following day, on 6 February, army deserters attacked and destroyed a military control post in the village of al-Bara, killing three officers and capturing 19 soldiers. The deserters involved suffered no reported casualties.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the same day in north Syria, a different group of rebels tried to take over a Syrian army checkpoint, but were unsuccessful. Four rebels were killed and the CBS journalist who filmed the assault said that most of these fighters in this assault had no military backgrounds and were farmers, teachers and factory workers not "terrorists" as the Syrian Government claimed.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 10 February, S.O.H.R. reported that army defectors ambushed a patrol of soldiers between two villages in Idlib province. The defectors hit the patrol with hand grenades and roadside bombs. Ten soldiers reportedly died in the clash.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 14 February, a Sky News reporter showed the funeral of a leading pro-democracy activist, a lawyer, after he was shot dead by a pro-government sniper hidden in a building. The correspondent reported that, despite opposition forces controlling the city of Idlib a few hidden snipers were still firing on civilians indiscriminately in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The same day, the Syrian Army opened a wide scale <a href="/wiki/2012_Idlib_offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="2012 Idlib offensive">offensive</a> on the city of Idlib. The fighting resulted in dozens killed, but the result was inconclusive. </p><p>On 15 February, it was reported that masses of defecting soldiers were concentrating in the city of Saraqib the previous day,<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with the city under <i>de facto</i> full control of the rebels.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 16 February, CNN correspondent confirmed that for few a months villages and towns in northern Idlib province are effectively out of government control, govern by self-rule and protected by hundreds of FSA defectors.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The same day, SANA reported that people attacked law enforcement forces personnel near the prison on Idlib killing five of them. Two First Lieutenant's were reportedly among the dead.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 17 February, the SANA agency reported that a member of the security forces was killed and said "many others were wounded" in Idlib province.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 22 February, the Syrian Army conducted a series of raids on the villages of Abdita, Iblin and Balshun, in the Jabal al-Zawiya area (northern Idlib Governorate), resulting in 33 civilians killed.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 22 February 2012, the regular Syrian army was shaken by a large defection. Over 200 soldiers defected in Idlib, and a Brigadier General was reportedly among them. Opposition sources said that a battalion has been established in the city to fight government forces.<sup id="cite_ref-har_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-har-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 23 February 500 soldiers defected from the army and joined the FSA, forming a brigade in Idlib.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 24 February, SANA reported that three soldiers were killed when an explosive device exploded in the Idlib province.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, several rebels were reportedly killed when a bomb they were planting exploded prematurely and another four gunmen were killed by security forces in clashes in the province.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 25 February, SANA reported the deaths of three soldiers in separate incidents, all around Idlib province.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The same day Syrian Sham radio reported that 20 gunmen were killed in Saraqeb, and 7 others arrested by the Syrian army which seized their weapons.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 27 February the Syrian army launched an attack on areas held by the rebels in the province, with the towns of <a href="/wiki/Binnish" title="Binnish">Binnish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sarmin" title="Sarmin">Sarmin</a> being shelled by artillery while tanks entered the town of Maarrat al-Nu'man. Saraqib was also reportedly shelled by the government. It was reported that anti-aircraft fire was directed at Binnish, while a BBC correspondent said that the bombardment was entirely random, hitting civilian areas rather than targeting specific positions.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tanks entered the town of Sarmin, prompting a fight between the army and the rebels.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A soldier was killed by an IED.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="March_2012">March 2012</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(September_2011_%E2%80%93_March_2012)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: March 2012"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Idlib_(2012)" title="Battle of Idlib (2012)">Battle of Idlib (2012)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mujahideen_Battalion_(FSA)_in_Jisr_al-Shughur.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Mujahideen_Battalion_%28FSA%29_in_Jisr_al-Shughur.png/220px-Mujahideen_Battalion_%28FSA%29_in_Jisr_al-Shughur.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Mujahideen_Battalion_%28FSA%29_in_Jisr_al-Shughur.png/330px-Mujahideen_Battalion_%28FSA%29_in_Jisr_al-Shughur.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Mujahideen_Battalion_%28FSA%29_in_Jisr_al-Shughur.png/440px-Mujahideen_Battalion_%28FSA%29_in_Jisr_al-Shughur.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>The Mujahideen Battalion, a unit of the <a href="/wiki/Free_Syrian_Army" title="Free Syrian Army">Free Syrian Army</a>, announces its formation in <a href="/wiki/Jisr_al-Shughur" class="mw-redirect" title="Jisr al-Shughur">Jisr al-Shughur</a>, March 2012.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Syrian Army overran the village of Ain al-Beida which is a few kilometers from the Turkish border. Witnesses said that 2,000 soldiers and 15 tanks were involved in the assault and that injured opposition fighters were being treated in Turkey.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Syrian state media, three rebels died planting a bomb and were buried in a park; this couldn't be verified.<sup id="cite_ref-sana.sy_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sana.sy-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 3 March 47 soldiers were executed when allegedly trying to defect.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Activists said 50 soldiers from a unit in <a href="/wiki/Abu_al-Thuhur" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu al-Thuhur">Abu al-Thuhur</a> Military Airport attempted to defect but a captain loyal to the government informed a general of the plan, and only three of the soldiers managed to escape. The Syrian network for human rights demanded "an immediate international investigation for this massacre." The network said bodies of the dead were thrown into a lake. The Syrian Network for Human Rights gave a different death toll, saying that 44 soldiers had been killed and 6 had managed to escape the massacre.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 7 March, the village of Kabani was overran by the Army, with a villager reporting three helicopters, gunships and infantry involved in the attack.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 8 March, a captain was killed in Idlib and 11 police students were abducted, according to Syrian government claims.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Syrian Army stormed a village in Jabal al-Zawiya after surrounding the district.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>16 rebels were killed in an ambush when they were heading for the city of Idlib to fight the army, and in another clash, four soldiers were killed and five abducted in the same province, the London-based activist group reported.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The same day, the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Idlib" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Idlib">Battle of Idlib</a> began. It was also reported that seven soldiers had died in the main battle in Idlib.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rebel death toll was later updated, with AFP stating that 22 rebels were killed in Idlib Province out of the 39 killed in the whole of Syria on 10 March.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 11 March, the head of the same activist group told that the army seized the city of Idlib and that eight soldiers were killed in the province. The army was preparing an assault in the rural areas of the province.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later reports stated only parts of the city were in control of the army.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 12 rebels were also reportedly killed during the day.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Around ten Syrian troops were killed by FSA fighters in an ambush on a checkpoint in the Idlib area about 13 March.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fighters also captured a tank from the army.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the morning of 14 March, opposition activists reported that the Army had captured most of Idlib, with only small pockets of FSA resistance remaining in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was later reported by one source that the last resisting rebels flew Idlib and that the city was under full control of the army, with no more fighting reported.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Syrian army's tanks and artillery units continued to shell some areas in and around the city, the second day of heavy barrages, to flush out the last remaining hold-outs of anti-government resistance which remained entrenched.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 16 March, three soldiers died in the town of <a href="/wiki/Ma%27arrat_an-Nu%27man" class="mw-redirect" title="Ma'arrat an-Nu'man">Ma'arrat an-Nu'man</a> in fighting with army defectors, according to the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three rebels were also killed by the authorities.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 23 March, two soldiers were killed and 18 captured, including two officers, when the Free Syrian Army attacked the army unit near the border with Turkey. The FSA seized large quantities of ammunition.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 24 March, according to state media, an army engineer was killed when a bridge under him was blown up by remote control.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 28 March, government loyalists attacked Saraqib, reportedly killing 21 local residents. Army defectors attacked two security posts in Idlib Province, killing 13 soldiers.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also on 28 March, it was reported that two British journalists of Algerian descent, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nassim_Terreri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nassim Terreri (page does not exist)">Nassim Terreri</a> and <a href="/wiki/Walid_Bledi" class="mw-redirect" title="Walid Bledi">Walid Bledi</a>, were killed by the pro-government militia <a href="/wiki/Shabiha" title="Shabiha">Shabiha</a>. Details emerged on a third journalist being injured in the shoulder and driven to Turkey for treatment. The freelance journalists were on the border with Turkey in Idlib province and were filming a documentary about refugees fleeing the violence. <a href="/wiki/Committee_to_Protect_Journalists" title="Committee to Protect Journalists">The committee to protect journalists</a>, or CJP, interviewed local witnesses who said that the two journalists initially escaped the targeted shooting in the town of <a href="/wiki/Darkush" title="Darkush">Darkush</a>, but were killed when they went back to retrieve equipment after the shooting had stopped. A witness said that the army later took the journalists' bodies away. Mohamed Abdel Dayem, CPJ's Middle East and north Africa programme coordinator said the deaths were "yet another illustration of the grave dangers that journalists face in reporting a conflict that the Syrian government has sought to hide from the world."<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(September_2011_%E2%80%93_March_2012)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_April_2012">Early April 2012</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(September_2011_%E2%80%93_March_2012)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Early April 2012"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/April_2012_Idlib_Governorate_Operation" title="April 2012 Idlib Governorate Operation">April 2012 Idlib Governorate Operation</a></div> <p>At least four soldiers were reported to have been killed in an ambush near Jisr al-Shughur by army deserters on 1 April.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, rebels in Sarmin said that home-made bombs to protect the village had killed a dozen soldiers and destroyed five tanks when they tried to enter, although this claim was unverified.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 3 April, an armed man trying to infiltrate Syria from Turkey was killed, Syrian press agency announced.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 5 April, heavy fighting took place on the outskirts of the town of <a href="/wiki/Taftanaz" title="Taftanaz">Taftanaz</a>, where five civilians, four rebels and seven soldiers were killed amid heavy machine gun fire and shelling according to Syrian Observatory for Human Rights.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meanwhile, six soldiers and eight civilians were reportedly killed elsewhere in Idlib province.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later, it was confirmed that the military captured Taftanaz's city center, which was defended by 200 FSA fighters, after a two-hour battle, following which the Army reportedly rounded up and executed 82 people. It was unknown how many were opposition fighters and how many were civilians.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 8 April, the Syrian Army clashed with an armed group, killing at least two of its members and capturing another rebel.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 9 April, after six soldiers were killed when a checkpoint was attacked, the military fired across the border into a refugee camp in Turkey, provoking international condemnation. According to S.O.H.R, the incident began before dawn when rebel fighters attacked Syrian soldiers manning a checkpoint near the Turkish border, killing six soldiers. The soldiers then kept firing as eight wounded rebels escaped to the camp just across the border in Turkey, sending bullets whizzing across the frontier into the camp, he said. According to the Observatory, the shooting wounded five people in the camp. The Observatory reported that two people later died of their injuries, but that could not be immediately confirmed. The wounded were three Syrian refugees, one Turkish policeman and a Turkish translator. Turkish military didn't fire back but called for an immediate halt to the gunfire.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Syrian authorities reported massive defections and surrenders in the rebel ranks. For the Idlib governorate, they reported that 695 armed men surrendered with their weapons in the previous two months, after the beginning of the offensive of the Syrian Army in the governorate.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_119-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="During_ceasefire">During ceasefire</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(September_2011_%E2%80%93_March_2012)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: During ceasefire"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Late_April_2012">Late April 2012</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(September_2011_%E2%80%93_March_2012)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Late April 2012"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A ceasefire was declared across Syria by the government on 14 April, following implementation of the <a href="/wiki/Kofi_Annan_peace_plan_for_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Kofi Annan peace plan for Syria">Kofi Annan peace plan for Syria</a>. Incidents continued in several locations, most notably in the Idlib governorate. </p><p>On 15 April, SANA stated that one member of the security forces was killed and three wounded when ambushed by the opposition in Idlib province.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 18 April, SANA reported that six members of the security forces were killed in a blast in Idlib province.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 28 April, a firefight in a village in Idlib province killed two soldiers and wounded another officer, according to government media.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="May_2012">May 2012</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(September_2011_%E2%80%93_March_2012)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: May 2012"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <i>Der Spiegel</i> journalist, reporting from the Idlib countryside, reported that villages in the governorate were no longer under government control, but in many villages the army had attacked them and then left. Many defectors from the army had gone back to their native villages to protect them. Village councils everywhere are hard at work attending to electricity needs, maintaining the water supply and upholding the rule of law. Committees organize supplies of gasoline and food, as well as transporting the injured to nearby Turkey, according to the journalist. He reported that Sarmin and other places had been taken over with tanks and helicopters, but the military usually pull out after a couple of days.<sup id="cite_ref-spiegel.de_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spiegel.de-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 2 May, according to state media, armed men attacked a patrol of security forces, killing two and wounding six.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 5 May, two army officers were reported to have been killed.<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 9 May, one soldier was killed in a village in Idlib province.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 12 May, nine soldiers and an army deserter were killed, according to the S.O.H.R. network, in a series of battles throughout Idlib Province.<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 13 May, violent clashes raged between Syrian Army forces and armed military defectors in a village near Idlib, according to S.O.H.R, and four soldiers were reported to have been killed. During the day, security forces in Idlib city killed a man and a woman when they raided houses.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, seven other soldiers, including a first lieutenant were killed when a bomb exploded near their bus; it was then fired upon in the same village.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the Idlib mountains, where they enjoy overwhelming public support, the FSA was reported to have been forming a "fledgling state", comparing it to Libya's Benghazi and planning a future "free zone". Many FSA checkpoints had been set up around villages and, co-ordinating with radios, searched passing vehicles for weapons and government forces. However, government military tanks were still holding positions at various points such as banks and one man said that he thought the secret police were around but hiding.<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(September_2011_%E2%80%93_March_2012)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-bbc-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bbc_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bbc_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFIan_Pannell2012" class="citation news cs1">Ian Pannell (27 February 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-17176943">"Syria army shells Homs and northern towns in Idlib"</a>. <i>BBC</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120422095421/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-17176943">Archived</a> from the original on 22 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=Syria+army+shells+Homs+and+northern+towns+in+Idlib&rft.date=2012-02-27&rft.au=Ian+Pannell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-17176943&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Champrass-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Champrass_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Champrass_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121031141443/http://www.champress.net/index.php?q=en%2FArticle%2Fview%2F7707">"BBC Arabic: Groups affiliated to al-Qaeda carry out acts of terror"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 September</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=BBC+Arabic%3A+Groups+affiliated+to+al-Qaeda+carry+out+acts+of+terror&rft.date=2012-09-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.champress.net%2Findex.php%3Fq%3Den%2FArticle%2Fview%2F7707&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-worldmust-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-worldmust_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-worldmust_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBar2012" class="citation web cs1">Bar, Zvi (20 June 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/features/world-must-intervene-before-iraqization-of-syria.premium-1.439772">"World must intervene before 'Iraqization' of Syria"</a>. <i>Haaretz</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140118011114/http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/features/world-must-intervene-before-iraqization-of-syria.premium-1.439772">Archived</a> from the original on 18 January 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daily+Star&rft.atitle=Syria+carnage+precedes+monitors&rft.date=2011-12-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailystar.com.lb%2FNews%2FMiddle-East%2F2011%2FDec-21%2F157503-syria-carnage-precedes-monitors.ashx%23axzz1ksC1EcTI&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120716212544/http://web.utsandiego.com/news/2012/mar/10/syria-assaults-opposition-as-diplomacy-staggers/?print&page=all">"Syria assaults opposition as diplomacy staggers"</a>. <i>UT San Diego</i>. 10 March 2012. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Despite+reverses%2C+Syria+rebel+army+takes+heart&rft.date=2012-01-31&rft.aulast=Solomon&rft.aufirst=Erika&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fuk-syria-rebels-idUKTRE80U2AJ20120131&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-har-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-har_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-har_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIssacharoff2012" class="citation web cs1">Issacharoff, Avi (22 February 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/news/middle-east/dozens-killed-in-syria-as-top-military-officer-defects-with-hundreds-of-soldiers-1.414183">"Dozens killed in Syria as top military officer defects with hundreds of soldiers"</a>. Haaretz.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120427064458/http://www.haaretz.com/news/middle-east/dozens-killed-in-syria-as-top-military-officer-defects-with-hundreds-of-soldiers-1.414183">Archived</a> from the original on 27 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dozens+killed+in+Syria+as+top+military+officer+defects+with+hundreds+of+soldiers&rft.pub=Haaretz.com&rft.date=2012-02-22&rft.aulast=Issacharoff&rft.aufirst=Avi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fnews%2Fmiddle-east%2Fdozens-killed-in-syria-as-top-military-officer-defects-with-hundreds-of-soldiers-1.414183&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mcclatchydc.com-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mcclatchydc.com_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120423181339/http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2012/04/07/144484/a-syrian-rebel-commander-bemoans.html">"A Syrian rebel commander bemoans lack of international aid"</a>. Mcclatchydc. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2012/04/07/144484/a-syrian-rebel-commander-bemoans.html">the original</a> on 23 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Syrian+rebel+commander+bemoans+lack+of+international+aid&rft.pub=Mcclatchydc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mcclatchydc.com%2F2012%2F04%2F07%2F144484%2Fa-syrian-rebel-commander-bemoans.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rebels-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rebels_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">206 killed (7 September 2011 – 27 February 2012),<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140419012558/http://syrianshuhada.com/Default.asp?lang=en&a=la&p=army&v=1&pp=&vv=&ppp=&vvv=&s=&sb=Muhafatha">"Syrian Martyrs شهداء سورية"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://syrianshuhada.com/Default.asp?lang%3Den%26a%3Dla%26p%3Darmy%26v%3D1%26pp%3D%26vv%3D%26ppp%3D%26vvv%3D%26s%3D%26sb%3DMuhafatha">the original</a> on 19 April 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Syrian+Martyrs+%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A1+%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsyrianshuhada.com%2FDefault.asp%3Flang%253Den%2526a%253Dla%2526p%253Darmy%2526v%253D1%2526pp%253D%2526vv%253D%2526ppp%253D%2526vvv%253D%2526s%253D%2526sb%253DMuhafatha&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span> 600 killed (28 February 2012 – 12 July 2012),<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/14/world/middleeast/commanders-of-syrian-rebels-unite-in-frustration.html?_r=1&pagewanted=all">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180312022653/http://syrianshuhada.com/Default.asp?lang=en&a=la&p=army&v=1&pp=&vv=&ppp=&vvv=&s=&sb=Muhafatha">Archived</a> 12 March 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> total of 806 reported killed</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2011/12/2011122182648844599.html">"SNC calls for action to halt Idlib 'massacre'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Al Jazeera</i>. 21 December 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120711213932/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2011/12/2011122182648844599.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 July 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera&rft.atitle=SNC+calls+for+action+to+halt+Idlib+%27massacre%27&rft.date=2011-12-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2Fmiddleeast%2F2011%2F12%2F2011122182648844599.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeaver2011" class="citation news cs1">Weaver, Matthew (13 December 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/middle-east-live/2011/dec/13/syria-un-raises-death-toll-to-5000-live-updates">"Syria: UN raises death toll to 5,000"</a>. <i>Guardian</i>. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131001093809/http://www.theguardian.com/world/middle-east-live/2011/dec/13/syria-un-raises-death-toll-to-5000-live-updates">Archived</a> from the original on 1 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Guardian&rft.atitle=Syria%3A+UN+raises+death+toll+to+5%2C000&rft.date=2011-12-13&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2Fmiddle-east-live%2F2011%2Fdec%2F13%2Fsyria-un-raises-death-toll-to-5000-live-updates&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2011/06/201162916103730548.html">"Syrian army 'kills four in Idlib province'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Aljazeera.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121105152658/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2011/06/201162916103730548.html">Archived</a> from the original on 5 November 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Syrian+army+%27kills+four+in+Idlib+province%27&rft.pub=Aljazeera.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2Fmiddleeast%2F2011%2F06%2F201162916103730548.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alarabiya.net/articles/2011/07/02/155760.html">"Assad Sacks Governor Of Hama, Sends More Troops To Idlib"</a>. Alarabiya.net. 2 July 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140419025419/http://www.alarabiya.net/articles/2011/07/02/155760.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 April 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Assad+Sacks+Governor+Of+Hama%2C+Sends+More+Troops+To+Idlib&rft.pub=Alarabiya.net&rft.date=2011-07-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.alarabiya.net%2Farticles%2F2011%2F07%2F02%2F155760.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-14011188">Syria unrest: 'Arrests in Hama as tanks move on Idlib</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181226133839/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-14011188">Archived</a> 26 December 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>'</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_AIVb8l8pMQ">"(09.07.2011) Despite military siege, night protests in the city of Idlib – Free Syria"</a>. Youtube.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160203005556/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_AIVb8l8pMQ">Archived</a> from the original on 3 February 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%2809.07.2011%29+Despite+military+siege%2C+night+protests+in+the+city+of+Idlib+%E2%80%93+Free+Syria&rft.pub=Youtube.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D_AIVb8l8pMQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gulfnews.com/news/region/syria/syrian-army-abducts-defector-s-brother-and-returns-his-body-to-family-1.863641">"Syrian army abducts defector's brother and returns his body to family"</a>. Gulfnews.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121013145911/http://gulfnews.com/news/region/syria/syrian-army-abducts-defector-s-brother-and-returns-his-body-to-family-1.863641">Archived</a> from the original on 13 October 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Syrian+army+abducts+defector%27s+brother+and+returns+his+body+to+family&rft.pub=Gulfnews.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgulfnews.com%2Fnews%2Fregion%2Fsyria%2Fsyrian-army-abducts-defector-s-brother-and-returns-his-body-to-family-1.863641&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.alarabiya.net/articles/2011/09/29/169222.html">"Rights organization confirms the killing of 6 in Syria, including two children shot by security forces"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Al_Arabiya" title="Al Arabiya">Al Arabiya</a></i>. 29 September 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170902181939/https://www.alarabiya.net/articles/2011/09/29/169222.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al+Arabiya&rft.atitle=Rights+organization+confirms+the+killing+of+6+in+Syria%2C+including+two+children+shot+by+security+forces&rft.date=2011-09-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alarabiya.net%2Farticles%2F2011%2F09%2F29%2F169222.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/feedarticle/9882024">"Activists: Syrian troops raid villages, 7 die"</a>. London: Guardian. 6 October 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140419060844/http://www.theguardian.com/world/feedarticle/9882024">Archived</a> from the original on 19 April 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Activists%3A+Syrian+troops+raid+villages%2C+7+die&rft.date=2011-10-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2Ffeedarticle%2F9882024&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvans2011" class="citation news cs1">Evans, Dominic (10 October 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-syria-idUSL5E7L720620111010">"Clashes kill 31 in Syria, EU hails opposition body"</a>. Reuters.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120727065722/http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/10/10/us-syria-idUSL5E7L720620111010">Archived</a> from the original on 27 July 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Clashes+kill+31+in+Syria%2C+EU+hails+opposition+body&rft.date=2011-10-10&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Dominic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-syria-idUSL5E7L720620111010&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2011/10/25/173715.html">"Syrian army deserters kill 10 troops, Assad to meet Arab League committee Wednesday"</a>. <i>Al Arabiya English</i>. English.alarabiya.net. 25 October 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121220181333/http://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2011/10/25/173715.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 December 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Al+Arabiya+English&rft.atitle=Syrian+army+deserters+kill+10+troops%2C+Assad+to+meet+Arab+League+committee+Wednesday&rft.date=2011-10-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.alarabiya.net%2Farticles%2F2011%2F10%2F25%2F173715.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/afp_world/view/1162472/1/.html">"11 die in bus ambush as Syrian violence surges"</a>. Channelnewsasia.com. 30 October 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111031100706/http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/afp_world/view/1162472/1/.html">Archived</a> from the original on 31 October 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=11+die+in+bus+ambush+as+Syrian+violence+surges&rft.pub=Channelnewsasia.com&rft.date=2011-10-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.channelnewsasia.com%2Fstories%2Fafp_world%2Fview%2F1162472%2F1%2F.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111112111639/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/11/10/uk-syria-killings-idUKTRE7A95LD20111110">"Syria crackdown, attacks on army kill 25 – activists"</a>. Uk.reuters.com. 10 November 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-syria-killings-idUKTRE7A95LD20111110">the original</a> on 12 November 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Seven+soldiers%2C+six+civilians+dead+in+Syria&rft.date=2011-11-30&rft.aulast=Hamilton&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-syria-idUSTRE7AM0QA20111130&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-syria-defectors-idUSTRE7B10UH20111202">Reuters</a>|Reuters|name=Syrian army deserters target Assad's military convoys| date = 2 December 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-16018002">"Violence in Syria swells as Biden urges Assad to go"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Syria+responds+%27positively%27+to+Arab+League+deal+as+it+holds+war+games+in+show+of+force&rft.pub=English.alarabiya.net&rft.date=2011-12-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.alarabiya.net%2Farticles%2F2011%2F12%2F05%2F180867.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2011/12/08/181482.html">"Oil pipeline destroyed in Syria; protesters launch civil disobedience campaign"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=More+Syrian+deaths+amid+oil+pipeline+blast&rft.pub=Aljazeera.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2Fmiddleeast%2F2011%2F12%2F201112813220210213.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2011/12/10/181816.html">"At least 9 killed in Syria as pressure mounts on regime to allow monitors into country"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Syrians+hold+strikes+amid+battles+in+south&rft.pub=Aljazeera.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2Fmiddleeast%2F2011%2F12%2F201112119332270503.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2011/12/2011121210732547262.html">"UN says deaths in Syria unrest exceed 5,000"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UN+says+deaths+in+Syria+unrest+exceed+5%2C000&rft.pub=Aljazeera.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2Fmiddleeast%2F2011%2F12%2F2011121210732547262.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120202075636/http://www.sana.sy/eng/337/2012/01/13/393912.htm">"Syrian Arab news agency – SANA – Syria : Syria news"</a>. 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Sana.sy. 17 February 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120604232321/http://sana.sy/eng/337/2012/02/17/400849.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 4 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Syrian+Arab+news+agency+%E2%80%93+SANA+%E2%80%93+Syria+%3A+Syria+news&rft.pub=Sana.sy&rft.date=2012-02-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sana.sy%2Feng%2F337%2F2012%2F02%2F17%2F400849.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2012/02/18/world/meast/syria-unrest/?hpt=wo_c1">"In Damascus, street protests and diplomacy"</a>. 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Edition.cnn.com. 23 February 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120522043642/http://edition.cnn.com/2012/02/22/world/meast/syria-unrest/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 May 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Global+meeting+on+Syria+faces+pressure&rft.date=2012-02-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2012%2F02%2F22%2Fworld%2Fmeast%2Fsyria-unrest%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/337/2012/02/24/402185.htm">"Syrian Arab news agency – SANA – Syria : Syria news"</a>. Sana.sy. 24 February 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120419003607/http://www.sana.sy/eng/337/2012/02/24/402185.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 19 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Syrian+Arab+news+agency+%E2%80%93+SANA+%E2%80%93+Syria+%3A+Syria+news&rft.pub=Sana.sy&rft.date=2012-02-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sana.sy%2Feng%2F337%2F2012%2F02%2F24%2F402185.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/337/2012/02/25/402410.htm">"Four Law Enforcement Personnel Martyred in Homs and Idleb, 2 Officers and a Woman Found Dead, Tens of Terrorists Surrender"</a>. Sana.sy. 25 February 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120604234851/http://sana.sy/eng/337/2012/02/25/402410.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 4 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Four+Law+Enforcement+Personnel+Martyred+in+Homs+and+Idleb%2C+2+Officers+and+a+Woman+Found+Dead%2C+Tens+of+Terrorists+Surrender&rft.pub=Sana.sy&rft.date=2012-02-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sana.sy%2Feng%2F337%2F2012%2F02%2F25%2F402410.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/337/2012/02/25/402410.htm">"Syrian Arab news agency – SANA – Syria : Syria news"</a>. Sana.sy. 25 February 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120604234851/http://sana.sy/eng/337/2012/02/25/402410.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 4 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Syrian+Arab+news+agency+%E2%80%93+SANA+%E2%80%93+Syria+%3A+Syria+news&rft.pub=Sana.sy&rft.date=2012-02-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sana.sy%2Feng%2F337%2F2012%2F02%2F25%2F402410.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140418220512/http://english.cri.cn/6966/2012/02/26/2724s683180.htm">"Syrian Troops Kill 20 Gunmen ahead of Constitutional Referendum"</a>. English.cri.cn. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.cri.cn/6966/2012/02/26/2724s683180.htm">the original</a> on 18 April 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Syrian+Troops+Kill+20+Gunmen+ahead+of+Constitutional+Referendum&rft.pub=English.cri.cn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.cri.cn%2F6966%2F2012%2F02%2F26%2F2724s683180.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140419012632/http://english.cntv.cn/program/newsupdate/20120229/121379.shtml">"Army tanks enter Sarmin, widespread devastation seen in Idlib city CCTV News – CNTV English"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.cntv.cn/program/newsupdate/20120229/121379.shtml">the original</a> on 19 April 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Army+tanks+enter+Sarmin%2C+widespread+devastation+seen+in+Idlib+city+CCTV+News+%E2%80%93+CNTV+English&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.cntv.cn%2Fprogram%2Fnewsupdate%2F20120229%2F121379.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WyNGhzH4RQA">Strong IED killed bashar's soldier in Idlib Province</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120324232835/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WyNGhzH4RQA">Archived</a> 24 March 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theprovince.com/news/world/Syrian+army+offensive+near+Turkish+border+report/6245716/story.html">"Story of the Year: UFC Power Moves | the Province"</a>. 19 December 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Lccsyria.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lccsyria.org/7087">the original</a> on 30 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Edition.cnn.com. 3 March 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120622180926/http://edition.cnn.com/2012/03/03/world/meast/syria-unrest/index.html?hpt=hp_t1">Archived</a> from the original on 22 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Dozens+of+defecting+Syrian+soldiers+executed%2C+activists+say&rft.date=2012-03-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2012%2F03%2F03%2Fworld%2Fmeast%2Fsyria-unrest%2Findex.html%3Fhpt%3Dhp_t1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNick_Meo2012" class="citation news cs1">Nick Meo (11 March 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190709115133/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/journalists/nick-meo/9136336/Dispatch-Syrians-flee-Assads-helicopter-gunships.html">"Dispatch: Syrians flee Assad's helicopter gunships"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Dispatch%3A+Syrians+flee+Assad%27s+helicopter+gunships&rft.date=2012-03-11&rft.au=Nick+Meo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fjournalists%2Fnick-meo%2F9136336%2FDispatch-Syrians-flee-Assads-helicopter-gunships.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/337/2012/03/08/404767.htm">"Syrian Arab news agency – SANA – Syria : Syria news"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Syrian+Arab+news+agency+%E2%80%93+SANA+%E2%80%93+Syria+%3A+Syria+news&rft.pub=Sana.sy&rft.date=2012-03-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sana.sy%2Feng%2F337%2F2012%2F03%2F08%2F404767.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theaustralianeye.com/news/syrian-ground-forces-storm-rebel-stronghold-of-idlib-aoi35822025.html">"Syrian ground forces storm rebel stronghold of Idlib"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Syrian+Arab+news+agency+%E2%80%93+SANA+%E2%80%93+Syria+%3A+Syria+news&rft.pub=Sana.sy&rft.date=2012-04-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sana.sy%2Feng%2F337%2F2012%2F04%2F08%2F411119.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newser.com/article/d9u1e0e00/security-officials-lebanese-journalist-killed-by-gunfire-along-the-syrian-border.html">Security officials: Lebanese journalist killed by gunfire along the Syrian border </a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120415044343/http://www.newser.com/article/d9u1e0e00/security-officials-lebanese-journalist-killed-by-gunfire-along-the-syrian-border.html">Archived</a> 15 April 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/337/2012/04/24/414801.htm">"Syrian Arab news agency – SANA – Syria : Syria news"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=U.N.+peace+monitors+set+to+begin+mission+in+Syria+as+truce+seems+to+erode&rft.pub=English.alarabiya.net&rft.date=2012-04-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.alarabiya.net%2Farticles%2F2012%2F04%2F16%2F208028.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2012/04/201241873011444737.html">"Syria 'pledges respect' for Annan plan – Middle East"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Syria+%27pledges+respect%27+for+Annan+plan+%E2%80%93+Middle+East&rft.pub=Al+Jazeera+English&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2Fmiddleeast%2F2012%2F04%2F201241873011444737.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120506222536/http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2012/04/28/415455.htm">"Syrian Arab news agency – SANA – Syria : Syria news"</a>. Sana.sy. 28 April 2012. 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Sana.sy. 5 May 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120712230346/http://www.sana.sy/eng/337/2012/05/05/416883.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 12 July 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Syrian+Arab+news+agency+%E2%80%93+SANA+%E2%80%93+Syria+%3A+Syria+news&rft.pub=Sana.sy&rft.date=2012-05-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sana.sy%2Feng%2F337%2F2012%2F05%2F05%2F416883.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2012/05/09/213158.html">"Syria bomb attacks cast doubt on future of observer mission: U.N. chief"</a>. English.alarabiya.net. 9 May 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171009233822/http://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2012/05/09/213158.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Syria+bomb+attacks+cast+doubt+on+future+of+observer+mission%3A+U.N.+chief&rft.pub=English.alarabiya.net&rft.date=2012-05-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.alarabiya.net%2Farticles%2F2012%2F05%2F09%2F213158.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/afp/syria-violence-kills-15-even-as-un-mission-grows/517592">"Syria violence kills 15 even as UN mission grows"</a>. Thejakartaglobe.com. 13 May 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120801153840/http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/afp/syria-violence-kills-15-even-as-un-mission-grows/517592">Archived</a> from the original on 1 August 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Syria+violence+kills+15+even+as+UN+mission+grows&rft.pub=Thejakartaglobe.com&rft.date=2012-05-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejakartaglobe.com%2Fafp%2Fsyria-violence-kills-15-even-as-un-mission-grows%2F517592&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2012/05/201251216373162138.html">"Deaths in Idlib as UN expands mission"</a>. Aljazeera.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120615163051/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2012/05/201251216373162138.html">Archived</a> from the original on 15 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Deaths+in+Idlib+as+UN+expands+mission&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2Fmiddleeast%2F2012%2F05%2F201251216373162138.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/337/2012/05/13/418480.htm">"Syrian Arab news agency – SANA – Syria : Syria news"</a>. Sana.sy. 13 May 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20120608094903/http://www.sana.sy/eng/337/2012/05/13/418480.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 8 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Syrian+Arab+news+agency+%E2%80%93+SANA+%E2%80%93+Syria+%3A+Syria+news&rft.pub=Sana.sy&rft.date=2012-05-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sana.sy%2Feng%2F337%2F2012%2F05%2F13%2F418480.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPortia_Walker2012" class="citation news cs1">Portia Walker (15 May 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/rebel-fighters-build-shadow-state-in-syrias-countryside-7746862.html">"Rebel fighters build shadow state in Syria's countryside"</a>. London: Independent.co.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120621183005/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/rebel-fighters-build-shadow-state-in-syrias-countryside-7746862.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Rebel+fighters+build+shadow+state+in+Syria%27s+countryside&rft.date=2012-05-15&rft.au=Portia+Walker&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fmiddle-east%2Frebel-fighters-build-shadow-state-in-syrias-countryside-7746862.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIdlib+Governorate+clashes+%28September+2011+%E2%80%93+March+2012%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(September_2011_%E2%80%93_March_2012)&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/reports/2011/12/15/all-means-necessary">By All Means Necessary!</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a></i>, 16 December 2011.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Syrian_civil_war" style="wide;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Syrian_Civil_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Syrian_civil_war" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian civil war">Syrian civil war</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;"><div id="Overviews" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Overviews</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">Main overviews</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rojava" class="mw-redirect" title="Rojava">Rojava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian civil war">Syrian civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war">Timeline </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Background_and_causes_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Background and causes of the Syrian Civil War">Background and causes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_peace_process" title="Syrian peace process">Syrian peace process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_government_reactions_to_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian government reactions to the Syrian civil war">Syrian government reactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belligerents_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Belligerents in the Syrian civil war">Belligerents </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-rebel_conflict_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Inter-rebel conflict during the Syrian civil war">Inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spillover_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Spillover of the Syrian civil war">Spillover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Control_of_cities_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Control of cities during the Syrian civil war">Cities and towns </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sectarianism_and_minorities_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Sectarianism and minorities in the Syrian civil war">Sectarianism and minorities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Desert_campaign_(December_2017%E2%80%93present)" title="Syrian Desert campaign (December 2017–present)">Syrian Desert campaign (December 2017–present)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">Effects and ongoing concerns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casualties_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Casualties of the Syrian civil war">Casualties of the Syrian civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugees_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Refugees of the Syrian civil war">Refugees of the Syrian civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_aid_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Humanitarian aid during the Syrian civil war">Humanitarian aid during the Syrian civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_violations_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Human rights violations during the Syrian civil war">Human rights violations during the Syrian civil war</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">Phases and processes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_revolution" title="Syrian revolution">Syrian revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_insurgency_phase_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Early insurgency phase of the Syrian civil war">Early insurgency phase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012%E2%80%932013_escalation_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="2012–2013 escalation of the Syrian civil war">2012–2013 escalation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war_ceasefires" title="Syrian civil war ceasefires">Ceasefires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_peace_process" title="Syrian peace process">Syrian peace process</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">World reaction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="International reactions to the Syrian civil war">International reactions to the Syrian civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war">Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">Specific groups and countries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Russian involvement in the Syrian civil war">Russian involvement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Russian intervention in the Syrian civil war">Russian intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Turkish involvement in the Syrian civil war">Turkish involvement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_occupation_of_northern_Syria" title="Turkish occupation of northern Syria">Turkish occupation of northern Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Northern_Syria_Buffer_Zone" title="Second Northern Syria Buffer Zone">Second Northern Syria Buffer Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_demilitarization_(2018%E2%80%932019)" title="Idlib demilitarization (2018–2019)">Russian-Turkish agreement on Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/US_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="US intervention in the Syrian civil war">US intervention in the Syrian civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_attacks_on_U.S._bases_in_Iraq_and_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 attacks on U.S. bases in Iraq and Syria">2023 attacks on U.S. bases in Iraq and Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_Area_in_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurdish Area in Syria">Kurdish Area in Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Democratic_Forces" title="Syrian Democratic Forces">Syrian Democratic Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rojava_conflict" title="Rojava conflict">Rojava conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combined_Joint_Task_Force_%E2%80%93_Operation_Inherent_Resolve" title="Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve">U.S. task force</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">Agreements and dialogues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian-Turkish_agreement_on_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian-Turkish agreement on Syria">Russian-Turkish agreement on Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AANES%E2%80%93Syria_relations" title="AANES–Syria relations">Relations between Syrian government and Kurdish groups in Syria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;"><div id="Timeline" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war">Timeline</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Background_and_causes_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Background and causes of the Syrian Civil War"><b>Background</b></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1963_Syrian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1963 Syrian coup d'état">1963 coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_Syrian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1966 Syrian coup d'état">1966 coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corrective_Movement_(Syria)" title="Corrective Movement (Syria)">Corrective Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamist_uprising_in_Syria" title="Islamist uprising in Syria">Islamist uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_Latakia_protests" title="1999 Latakia protests">Latakia protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damascus_Spring" title="Damascus Spring">Damascus Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Qamishli_riots" title="2004 Qamishli riots">Qamishli riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_occupation_of_Lebanon" title="Syrian occupation of Lebanon">Syrian occupation of Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damascus_Declaration" title="Damascus Declaration">Damascus Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Syria" title="Human rights in Syria">Human rights in Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010s_in_Syria_political_history" title="2010s in Syria political history">2010s in Syria political history</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2011</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93April_2011)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2011)">Jan–Apr</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(May%E2%80%93August_2011)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–August 2011)">May–Aug</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(September%E2%80%93December_2011)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (September–December 2011)">Sep–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_uprising_phase_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil uprising phase of the Syrian civil war">Syrian Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Hamza_Ali_Al-Khateeb" title="Death of Hamza Ali Al-Khateeb">Death of Hamza Ali Al-Khateeb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Daraa" title="Siege of Daraa">Siege of Daraa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Baniyas" title="Siege of Baniyas">Siege of Baniyas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Talkalakh_(May_2011)" title="Siege of Talkalakh (May 2011)">May Talkalakh siege</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Rastan_and_Talbiseh" title="Siege of Rastan and Talbiseh">Siege of Rastan and Talbiseh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2011_Jisr_ash-Shughur_clashes" title="June 2011 Jisr ash-Shughur clashes">June Jisr ash-Shughur operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Hama_(2011)" title="Siege of Hama (2011)">Siege of Hama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Homs" title="Siege of Homs">Siege of Homs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summer_2011_Jabal_al-Zawiya_operation" title="Summer 2011 Jabal al-Zawiya operation">Jabal al-Zawiya operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Latakia" title="Siege of Latakia">Siege of Latakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_clashes_(2011%E2%80%932014)" title="Deir ez-Zor clashes (2011–2014)">Deir ez-Zor clashes (2011–2014)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_clashes_(November_2011%E2%80%93March_2012)" title="Rif Dimashq clashes (November 2011–March 2012)">Rif Dimashq clashes (Nov 2011-Mar 2012)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zabadani_(2012)" title="Battle of Zabadani (2012)">Battle of Zabadani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Douma" title="Battle of Douma">Battle of Douma</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_Governorate_clashes_(2011%E2%80%932013)" title="Daraa Governorate clashes (2011–2013)">Daraa Governorate clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rastan_(2011)" title="Battle of Rastan (2011)">Battle of Rastan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shayrat_and_Tiyas_airbase_ambush" title="Shayrat and Tiyas airbase ambush">Shayrat and Tiyas airbase ambush</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Idlib Governorate clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2011_Jabal_al-Zawiya_massacres" title="December 2011 Jabal al-Zawiya massacres">December Jabal al-Zawiya massacres</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2012</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93April_2012)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2012)">Jan–Apr</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(May%E2%80%93August_2012)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–August 2012)">May–Aug</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(September%E2%80%93December_2012)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (September–December 2012)">Sep–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_2012_al-Midan_bombing" title="January 2012 al-Midan bombing">January al-Midan bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rastan_(January%E2%80%93February_2012)" title="Battle of Rastan (January–February 2012)">Battle of Rastan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Idlib_(2012)" title="Battle of Idlib (2012)">First Battle of Idlib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Qusayr_(2012)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of al-Qusayr (2012)">Battle of al-Qusayr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2012_Idlib_Governorate_Operation" title="April 2012 Idlib Governorate Operation">Idlib Governorate operation (Apr)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Taftanaz" title="Battle of Taftanaz">Battle of Taftanaz</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rastan_(May_2012)" title="Battle of Rastan (May 2012)">May Battle of Rastan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houla_massacre" title="Houla massacre">Houla massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Haffah" title="Battle of al-Haffah">Battle of al-Haffah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Qubeir_massacre" title="Al-Qubeir massacre">Al-Qubeir massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tremseh" title="Battle of Tremseh">Battle of Tremseh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Damascus_(2012)" title="Battle of Damascus (2012)">Battle of Damascus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/18_July_2012_Damascus_bombing" title="18 July 2012 Damascus bombing">18 July 2012 Damascus bombing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aleppo_(2012%E2%80%932016)" title="Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016)">Battle of Aleppo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Anadan" title="Battle of Anadan">Battle of Anadan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Base_46" title="Siege of Base 46">Siege of Base 46</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Hasakah_Governorate_campaign_(2012%E2%80%932013)" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Hasakah Governorate campaign (2012–2013)">Al-Hasakah Governorate campaign (2012–2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(August%E2%80%93October_2012)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (August–October 2012)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Aug-Oct)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Darayya_massacre" title="Darayya massacre">Darayya massacre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Khirbet_Al-Joz" title="Battle of Khirbet Al-Joz">Battle of Khirbet Al-Joz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maarrat_al-Numan_(2012)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Maarrat al-Numan (2012)">Battle of Maarrat al-Numan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Wadi_Deif_(2012%E2%80%932013)" title="Siege of Wadi Deif (2012–2013)">First siege of Wadi Deif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Harem" title="Battle of Harem">Battle of Harem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(November_2012%E2%80%93February_2013)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (November 2012–February 2013)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Nov 2012–Feb 2013)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Darayya_(November_2012%E2%80%93February_2013)" title="Battle of Darayya (November 2012–February 2013)">Battle of Darayya</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aqrab_massacre" title="Aqrab massacre">Aqrab massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Hama_offensive" title="2012 Hama offensive">Hama offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Halfaya_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Halfaya massacre">Halfaya massacre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Darayya_(November_2012%E2%80%93February_2013)" title="Battle of Darayya (November 2012–February 2013)">Battle of Darayya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quneitra_Governorate_clashes_(2012%E2%80%932014)" title="Quneitra Governorate clashes (2012–2014)">Quneitra Governorate clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talbiseh_bakery_massacre" title="Talbiseh bakery massacre">Talbiseh bakery massacre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2013</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93April_2013)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2013)">Jan–Apr</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(May%E2%80%93December_2013)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–December 2013)">May–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Safira" title="Battle of Safira">Battle of Safira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Shaddadi_(2013)" title="Battle of Shaddadi (2013)">Battle of Shadadeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damascus_offensive_(2013)" title="Damascus offensive (2013)">Damascus offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raqqa_campaign_(2012%E2%80%932013)" title="Raqqa campaign (2012–2013)">Raqqa campaign (2012–2013)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Raqqa_(2013)" title="Battle of Raqqa (2013)">Battle of Raqqa (Mar)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Daraa_offensive" title="2013 Daraa offensive">Daraa offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(March%E2%80%93August_2013)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (March–August 2013)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Mar–Aug)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jdaidet_al-Fadl" title="Battle of Jdaidet al-Fadl">Battle of Jdaidet al-Fadl</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghouta_chemical_attack" title="Ghouta chemical attack">Ghouta chemical attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Qusayr_offensive" title="Al-Qusayr offensive">Al-Qusayr offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Qusayr_(2013)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of al-Qusayr (2013)">Battle of al-Qusayr</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayda_and_Baniyas_massacres" title="Bayda and Baniyas massacres">Bayda and Baniyas massacres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Hama_offensive" title="2013 Hama offensive">Hama offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatla_massacre" title="Hatla massacre">Hatla massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_al-Assal_chemical_attack" title="Khan al-Assal chemical attack">Khan al-Assal chemical attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_al-Assal_massacre" title="Khan al-Assal massacre">Khan al-Assal massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adra_massacre" title="Adra massacre">Adra massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ras_al-Ayn_(2012%E2%80%9313)" title="Battle of Ras al-Ayn (2012–13)">Battle of Ras al-Ayn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tell_Abyad_(2013)" title="Battle of Tell Abyad (2013)">Battle of Tell Abyad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(September%E2%80%93November_2013)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (September–November 2013)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Sep–Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(October%E2%80%93December_2013)" title="Aleppo offensive (October–December 2013)">Aleppo offensive (Oct–Dec)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Yaarubiyah" title="Battle of al-Yaarubiyah">Battle of al-Yaarubiyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tell_Hamis_and_Tell_Brak_(December_2013%E2%80%93January_2014)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Tell Hamis and Tell Brak (December 2013–January 2014)">Battle of Tell Hamis and Tell Brak (Dec–Jan)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2014</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93July_2014)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–July 2014)">Jan–Jul</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(August%E2%80%93December_2014)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (August–December 2014)">Aug–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inter-rebel_conflict_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Inter-rebel conflict during the Syrian civil war">First Inter-rebel conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Markada" title="Battle of Markada">Battle of Markada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(April%E2%80%93July_2014)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (April–July 2014)">Deir ez-Zor offensive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Morek" title="Battle of Morek">Battle of Morek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(February%E2%80%93May_2014)" title="Daraa offensive (February–May 2014)">Daraa offensive (Feb–May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maan_massacre" title="Maan massacre">Maan massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Otaiba_ambush" title="Al-Otaiba ambush">Al-Otaiba ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Idlib_offensive" title="2014 Idlib offensive">Idlib offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hosn" title="Battle of Hosn">Battle of Hosn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Latakia_offensive" title="2014 Latakia offensive">Latakia Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Al-Malihah" title="Battle of Al-Malihah">Battle of Al-Malihah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Kafr_Zita_chemical_attack" title="2014 Kafr Zita chemical attack">Kafr Zita chemical attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Wadi_Deif_(2014)" title="Siege of Wadi Deif (2014)">Second siege of Wadi Deif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalamoun_offensive_(2014)" title="Qalamoun offensive (2014)">Qalamoun offensive (Jun–Aug)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arsal_(2014)" title="Battle of Arsal (2014)">Battle of Arsal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Shaer_gas_field_(July_2014)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of the Shaer gas field (July 2014)">First Battle of the Shaer gas field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Eastern_Syria_offensive" title="2014 Eastern Syria offensive">Eastern Syria offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tabqa_Airbase" title="Battle of Tabqa Airbase">Battle of Tabqa Airbase</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Aleppo_offensive_(February%E2%80%93July_2014)" title="Northern Aleppo offensive (February–July 2014)">Northern Aleppo offensive (Feb–Jul)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Hama_offensive" title="2014 Hama offensive">Hama Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Quneitra_offensive" title="2014 Quneitra offensive">Quneitra offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(August%E2%80%93November_2014)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (August–November 2014)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Aug–Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Koban%C3%AE" title="Siege of Kobanî">Siege of Kobanî</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homs_school_bombing" title="Homs school bombing">Homs school bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(October_2014)" title="Daraa offensive (October 2014)">Daraa offensive (Oct)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Al-Safira_offensive" title="2014 Al-Safira offensive">Al-Safira offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_raid_on_Idlib_city" title="2014 raid on Idlib city">Idlib Raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Nusra_Front%E2%80%93SRF/Hazzm_Movement_conflict" title="Al-Nusra Front–SRF/Hazzm Movement conflict">Second Inter-Rebel Conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Shaer_gas_field_(October%E2%80%93November_2014)" title="Battle of the Shaer gas field (October–November 2014)">Second Battle of the Shaer gas field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Al-Shaykh_Maskin_(2014)" title="Battle of Al-Shaykh Maskin (2014)">Battle of Al-Shaykh Maskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(December_2014)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (December 2014)">Deir ez-Zor offensive (Dec)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2015</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93July_2015)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–July 2015)">Jan–Jul</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(August%E2%80%93December_2015)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (August–December 2015)">Aug–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2015_Syrian_Air_Force_An-26_crash" title="2015 Syrian Air Force An-26 crash">Air Force An-26 crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(January_2015)" title="Daraa offensive (January 2015)">Daraa Offensive (Jan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Southern_Syria_offensive" title="2015 Southern Syria offensive">Southern Syria Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_al-Hasakah_offensive" title="Eastern al-Hasakah offensive">Eastern al-Hasakah offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sarrin_(March%E2%80%93April_2015)" title="Battle of Sarrin (March–April 2015)">Battle of Sarrin (Mar–Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sarrin_(June%E2%80%93July_2015)" title="Battle of Sarrin (June–July 2015)">Battle of Sarrin (Jun–Jul)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bosra_(2015)" title="Battle of Bosra (2015)">Battle of Bosra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Idlib_offensive" title="2015 Idlib offensive">Idlib Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Idlib_(2015)" title="Battle of Idlib (2015)">Second Battle of Idlib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nasib_Border_Crossing" title="Battle of Nasib Border Crossing">Battle of Nasib Border Crossing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Yarmouk_Camp_(2015)" title="Battle of Yarmouk Camp (2015)">Battle of Yarmouk Camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_al-Hasakah_offensive" title="Western al-Hasakah offensive">Western al-Hasakah offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(May_2015)" title="Palmyra offensive (May 2015)">Palmyra offensive (May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Qamishli_bombings" title="2015 Qamishli bombings">Qamishli bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Abyad_offensive" title="Tell Abyad offensive">Tell Abyad offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koban%C3%AE_massacre" title="Kobanî massacre">Kobanî massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quneitra_offensive_(June_2015)" title="Quneitra offensive (June 2015)">Quneitra offensive (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(July%E2%80%93August_2015)" title="Palmyra offensive (July–August 2015)">Palmyra offensive (Jul–Aug)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(September_2015)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (September 2015)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Sep)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(October%E2%80%93November_2015)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (October–November 2015)">Northwestern Syria offensive (Oct–Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(October%E2%80%93December_2015)" title="Aleppo offensive (October–December 2015)">Aleppo offensive (Oct–Dec)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_al-Hawl_offensive" title="2015 al-Hawl offensive">Al-Hawl offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homs_offensive_(November%E2%80%93December_2015)" title="Homs offensive (November–December 2015)">Homs offensive (Nov-Dec)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Aleppo_offensive_(2015%E2%80%932016)" title="East Aleppo offensive (2015–2016)">East Aleppo offensive (2015–2016)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015%E2%80%932016_Latakia_offensive" title="2015–2016 Latakia offensive">2015–2016 Latakia offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tishrin_Dam_offensive" title="Tishrin Dam offensive">Tishrin Dam offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Russian_Sukhoi_Su-24_shootdown" title="2015 Russian Sukhoi Su-24 shootdown">Russian Sukhoi Su-24 shootdown</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2016</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93April_2016)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2016)">Jan–Apr</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(May%E2%80%93August_2016)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–August 2016)">May–Aug</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(September%E2%80%93December_2016)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (September–December 2016)">Sep–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Al-Shaykh_Maskin_(2015%E2%80%932016)" title="Battle of Al-Shaykh Maskin (2015–2016)">Second Battle of Al-Shaykh Maskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(2016)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (2016)">Deir ez-Zor offensive (Jan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Sayyidah_Zaynab_attacks#January" title="2016 Sayyidah Zaynab attacks">January Sayyidah Zaynab bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Aleppo_offensive_(February_2016)" title="Northern Aleppo offensive (February 2016)">Northern Aleppo offensive (Feb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ithriyah-Raqqa_offensive_(February%E2%80%93March_2016)" title="Ithriyah-Raqqa offensive (February–March 2016)">Ithriyah-Raqqa offensive (Feb–Mar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Shaddadi_offensive_(2016)" title="Al-Shaddadi offensive (2016)">Al-Shaddadi offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2016_Homs_bombings" title="February 2016 Homs bombings">February Homs bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Sayyidah_Zaynab_attacks#February" title="2016 Sayyidah Zaynab attacks">February Sayyidah Zaynab bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Khanasir_offensive" title="2016 Khanasir offensive">Khanasir offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tell_Abyad_(2016)" title="Battle of Tell Abyad (2016)">Battle of Tel Abyad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maarrat_al-Numan_(2016)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Maarrat al-Numan (2016)">Battle of Maarrat al-Numan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Qamishli_(2016)" title="Battle of Qamishli (2016)">Battle of Qamishli (Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Aleppo_offensive_(March%E2%80%93June_2016)" title="Northern Aleppo offensive (March–June 2016)">Northern Aleppo offensive (Mar–Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(March_2016)" title="Palmyra offensive (March 2016)">Palmyra offensive (Mar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Ghouta_inter-rebel_conflict_(April%E2%80%93May_2016)" title="East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (April–May 2016)">East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (Apr–May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(April%E2%80%93May_2016)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (April–May 2016)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Apr–May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Raqqa_offensive" title="Northern Raqqa offensive">Northern Raqqa offensive (May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2016_Jableh_and_Tartous_bombings" class="mw-redirect" title="May 2016 Jableh and Tartous bombings">May Jableh & Tartous bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ithriyah-Raqqa_offensive_(June_2016)" title="Ithriyah-Raqqa offensive (June 2016)">Ithriyah-Raqqa offensive (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(June%E2%80%93October_2016)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (June–October 2016)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Jun–Oct)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manbij_offensive" title="Manbij offensive">Manbij offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tokhar_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokhar massacre">Tokhar massacre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Southern_Aleppo_campaign" title="2016 Southern Aleppo campaign">Southern Aleppo campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Rai_(August_2016)" title="Battle of al-Rai (August 2016)">Battle of al-Rai (Aug)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Euphrates_Shield" title="Operation Euphrates Shield">Operation Euphrates Shield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Aleppo_summer_campaign" title="2016 Aleppo summer campaign">Aleppo summer campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_al-Bab_offensive_(September_2016)" title="Western al-Bab offensive (September 2016)">Western al-Bab offensive (Sep)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_September_2016_Syria_bombings" title="5 September 2016 Syria bombings">5 September bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2016_Deir_ez-Zor_air_raid" title="September 2016 Deir ez-Zor air raid">September Deir ez-Zor air raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2016_Urum_al-Kubra_aid_convoy_attack" title="September 2016 Urum al-Kubra aid convoy attack">September Urum al-Kubra aid convoy attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(September%E2%80%93October_2016)" title="Aleppo offensive (September–October 2016)">Aleppo offensive (Sep–Oct)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Dabiq_offensive" title="2016 Dabiq offensive">Dabiq offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_al-Bab_offensive_(October%E2%80%93November_2016)" title="Western al-Bab offensive (October–November 2016)">Western al-Bab offensive (Oct–Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_al-Shih_offensive_(October%E2%80%93November_2016)" title="Khan al-Shih offensive (October–November 2016)">Khan al-Shih offensive (Oct–Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raqqa_campaign_(2016%E2%80%932017)" title="Raqqa campaign (2016–2017)">Raqqa campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Bab" title="Battle of al-Bab">Battle of al-Bab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(November%E2%80%93December_2016)" title="Aleppo offensive (November–December 2016)">Aleppo offensive (Nov-Dec)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(December_2016)" title="Palmyra offensive (December 2016)">Palmyra offensive (Dec)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2017</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93April_2017)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2017)">Jan–Apr</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(May%E2%80%93August_2017)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–August 2017)">May–Aug</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(September%E2%80%93December_2017)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (September–December 2017)">Sep–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wadi_Barada_offensive_(2016%E2%80%932017)" title="Wadi Barada offensive (2016–2017)">Wadi Barada offensive (2016–2017)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_2017_Azaz_bombing" title="January 2017 Azaz bombing">January Azaz bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Desert_campaign_(December_2016%E2%80%93April_2017)" title="Syrian Desert campaign (December 2016–April 2017)">Desert campaign (Dec 16–Apr 17)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(January%E2%80%93March_2017)" title="Idlib Governorate clashes (January–March 2017)">Idlib clashes (Jan–Mar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(January%E2%80%93February_2017)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (January–February 2017)">Deir ez-Zor offensive (Jan–Feb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(February%E2%80%93June_2017)" title="Daraa offensive (February–June 2017)">Daraa offensive (Feb–Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_Daraa_offensive_(February_2017)" title="Southwestern Daraa offensive (February 2017)">Southwestern Daraa offensive (Feb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qaboun_offensive_(2017)" title="Qaboun offensive (2017)">Qaboun offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(2017)" title="Palmyra offensive (2017)">Palmyra offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Aleppo_offensive_(2017)" title="East Aleppo offensive (2017)">East Aleppo offensive (Jan–Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2017_Damascus_bombings" title="March 2017 Damascus bombings">March Damascus bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_al-Jinah_airstrike" title="2017 al-Jinah airstrike">Al-Jinah airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hama_offensive_(March%E2%80%93April_2017)" title="Hama offensive (March–April 2017)">Hama offensive (Mar–Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tabqa" title="Battle of Tabqa">Battle of Tabqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_Shaykhun_chemical_attack" title="Khan Shaykhun chemical attack">Khan Shaykhun chemical attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Shayrat_missile_strike" title="2017 Shayrat missile strike">Shayrat missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Aleppo_suicide_car_bombing" title="2017 Aleppo suicide car bombing">Aleppo bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2017_Turkish_airstrikes_in_Syria_and_Iraq" title="April 2017 Turkish airstrikes in Syria and Iraq">April Turkish airstrikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Ghouta_inter-rebel_conflict_(April%E2%80%93May_2017)" title="East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (April–May 2017)">East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (Apr–May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Desert_campaign_(May%E2%80%93July_2017)" title="Syrian Desert campaign (May–July 2017)">Desert campaign (May–Jul)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maskanah_Plains_offensive" title="Maskanah Plains offensive">Maskanah Plains offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Hama_offensive_(2017)" title="East Hama offensive (2017)">East Hama offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Raqqa_(2017)" title="Battle of Raqqa (2017)">Battle of Raqqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(June_2017)" title="Daraa offensive (June 2017)">Daraa offensive (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Southern_Raqqa_offensive" title="2017 Southern Raqqa offensive">Southern Raqqa offensive (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Jobar_offensive" title="2017 Jobar offensive">Jobar offensive (Jun–Aug)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quneitra_offensive_(June_2017)" title="Quneitra offensive (June 2017)">Quneitra offensive (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(July_2017)" title="Idlib Governorate clashes (July 2017)">Idlib clashes (Jul)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Syria_campaign" title="Central Syria campaign">Central campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalamoun_offensive_(2017)" title="Qalamoun offensive (2017)">Qalamoun (Jul–Aug)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_campaign_(2017%E2%80%932019)" title="Deir ez-Zor campaign (2017–2019)">Deir ez-Zor offensive (Sep 17–Mar 18)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hama_offensive_(September_2017)" title="Hama offensive (September 2017)">Hama offensive (Sep)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_campaign_(October_2017%E2%80%93February_2018)" title="Northwestern Syria campaign (October 2017–February 2018)">Northwestern campaign (Oct 17–Feb 18)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_military_operation_in_Idlib_Governorate" title="Turkish military operation in Idlib Governorate">Turkish military operation in Idlib Governorate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Harasta_(2017%E2%80%932018)" title="Battle of Harasta (2017–2018)">Battle of Harasta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Syria_campaign_(September%E2%80%93December_2017)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Syria campaign (September–December 2017)">Eastern campaign (Sep–Dec)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2017_Euphrates_Crossing_offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="2017 Euphrates Crossing offensive">Euphrates Crossing offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Mayadin_offensive" title="2017 Mayadin offensive">Mayadin offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(September%E2%80%93November_2017)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (September–November 2017)">Battle of Deir ez-Zor (Sep–Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Abu_Kamal_offensive" title="2017 Abu Kamal offensive">Abu Kamal offensive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beit_Jinn_offensive" title="Beit Jinn offensive">Beit Jinn offensive</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2018</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93April_2018)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2018)">Jan–Apr</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(May%E2%80%93August_2018)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–August 2018)">May–Aug</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(September%E2%80%93December_2018)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (September–December 2018)">Sep–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Olive_Branch" title="Operation Olive Branch">Operation Olive Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Khasham" title="Battle of Khasham">Battle of Khasham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(February%E2%80%93April_2018)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (February–April 2018)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Feb–Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Damascus_offensive_(January%E2%80%93February_2018)" title="Southern Damascus offensive (January–February 2018)">Southern Damascus offensive (Jan–Feb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Liberation_Front%E2%80%93Tahrir_al-Sham_conflict" title="Syrian Liberation Front–Tahrir al-Sham conflict">Syrian Liberation Front–Tahrir al-Sham conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Damascus_offensive_(March_2018)" title="Southern Damascus offensive (March 2018)">Southern Damascus offensive (Mar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douma_chemical_attack" title="Douma chemical attack">Douma chemical attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria" title="April 2018 missile strikes against Syria">Missile strikes (Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Homs_offensive_(April%E2%80%93May_2018)" title="Northern Homs offensive (April–May 2018)">Northern Homs offensive (Apr–May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Qalamoun_offensive_(April_2018)" title="Eastern Qalamoun offensive (April 2018)">Eastern Qalamoun offensive (Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Damascus_offensive_(April%E2%80%93May_2018)" title="Southern Damascus offensive (April–May 2018)">Southern Damascus offensive (Apr–May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_Governorate_clashes" title="Deir ez-Zor Governorate clashes">Deir ez-Zor clashes (Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(2018)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (2018)">Deir ez-Zor offensive (May–Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As-Suwayda_offensive_(June_2018)" title="As-Suwayda offensive (June 2018)">As-Suwayda offensive (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Southern_Syria_offensive" title="2018 Southern Syria offensive">Southern offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_As-Suwayda_attacks" title="2018 As-Suwayda attacks">As-Suwayda attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As-Suwayda_offensive_(August%E2%80%93November_2018)" title="As-Suwayda offensive (August–November 2018)">As-Suwayda (Aug-Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qamishli_clashes_(2018)" title="Qamishli clashes (2018)">Qamishli clashes (Sep)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria_missile_strikes_(September_2018)" title="Syria missile strikes (September 2018)">Missile strikes (Sep)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Syrian-Turkish_border_clashes" class="mw-redirect" title="2018 Syrian-Turkish border clashes">Northern border clashes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2019</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93April_2019)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2019)">Jan–Apr</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(May%E2%80%93August_2019)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–August 2019)">May–Aug</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(September%E2%80%93December_2019)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (September–December 2019)">Sep–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Front_for_Liberation%E2%80%93Tahrir_al-Sham_conflict" title="National Front for Liberation–Tahrir al-Sham conflict">Idlib inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Manbij_bombing" title="2019 Manbij bombing">Manbij bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Baghuz_Fawqani" title="Battle of Baghuz Fawqani">Battle of Baghuz Fawqani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISIL_insurgency_in_Deir_ez-Zor_(2019)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISIL insurgency in Deir ez-Zor (2019)">ISIL insurgency in Deir-ez-Zor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%AArik_prison_escape_attempt" title="Dêrik prison escape attempt">Dêrik prison escape attempt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Tell_Rifaat_clashes" title="2019 Tell Rifaat clashes">Tell Rifaat clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(April%E2%80%93August_2019)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (April–August 2019)">Northwestern offensive (Apr–Aug)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2019_Syria_bombings" title="June 2019 Syria bombings">June bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hass_refugee_camp_bombing" title="Hass refugee camp bombing">Hass refugee camp bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria_missile_strikes_(August_2019)" title="Syria missile strikes (August 2019)">Missile strikes (Aug)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Turkish_offensive_into_north-eastern_Syria" title="2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria">Turkish offensive into northeast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Abu_Bakr_al-Baghdadi" title="Death of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi">Barisha raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_2019_Syria_bombings" title="November 2019 Syria bombings">November bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_2019_Israeli_missile_strikes_in_Syria" title="November 2019 Israeli missile strikes in Syria">Israeli missile strikes (Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qah_missile_strike" title="Qah missile strike">Qah missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(December_2019%E2%80%93March_2020)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (December 2019–March 2020)">Northwestern offensive (Dec 19–Mar 20)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2019_United_States_airstrikes_in_Iraq_and_Syria" title="December 2019 United States airstrikes in Iraq and Syria">US airstrikes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2020</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(2020%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (2020–present)">Jan–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Syria" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Syria">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Afrin_bombing" title="2020 Afrin bombing">Afrin bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(June_2020)" title="Idlib Governorate clashes (June 2020)">Idlib Governorate clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Kafr_Takharim_airstrike" title="2020 Kafr Takharim airstrike">Kafr-Takharim airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_Ayn_Issa_clashes" title="2020–2021 Ayn Issa clashes">Ayn Issa clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Deir_ez-Zor_ambush" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 Deir ez-Zor ambush">Deir ez-Zor ambush</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2021</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(2021)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (2021)">Jan–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Qamishli_and_Al-Hasakah" title="Siege of Qamishli and Al-Hasakah">Siege of Qamishli and Al-Hasakah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria_missile_strikes_(January_2021)" title="Syria missile strikes (January 2021)">Missile strikes (Jan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2021_United_States_airstrike_in_Syria" title="February 2021 United States airstrike in Syria">US airstrike (Feb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Qamishli_(2021)" title="Battle of Qamishli (2021)">Battle of Qamishli (Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2021_United_States_airstrike_in_Syria" title="June 2021 United States airstrike in Syria">US airstrike (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Daraa_clashes" class="mw-redirect" title="2021 Daraa clashes">Daraa clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahrir_al-Sham%E2%80%93Junud_al-Sham_conflict" title="Tahrir al-Sham–Junud al-Sham conflict">Tahrir al-Sham–Junud al-Sham conflict</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2022</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(2022)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (2022)">Jan–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Hasakah_(2022)" title="Battle of al-Hasakah (2022)">Battle of al-Hasakah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Ahrar_al-Sham%E2%80%93Levant_Front_clashes" title="2022 Ahrar al-Sham–Levant Front clashes">Ahrar al-Sham–Levant Front clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Jabal_al-Bishr%C4%AB_clashes" title="2022 Jabal al-Bishrī clashes">Jabal al-Bishrī clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Jarqli_airstrikes" title="2022 Jarqli airstrikes">Jarqli airstrikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Aleppo_clashes_(October_2022)" title="Northern Aleppo clashes (October 2022)">Northern Aleppo clashes (Oct)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Claw-Sword" title="Operation Claw-Sword">Operation Claw-Sword</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_clashes_(December_2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Northwestern Syria clashes (December 2022–present)">Northwest clashes (Dec)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2023</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(2023)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (2023)">Jan-Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2023_Al-Sukhnah_attack" title="2023 Al-Sukhnah attack">Al-Sukhnah attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Damascus_airstrike" title="2023 Damascus airstrike">Damascus airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Hama_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Hama attack">Hama attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Northern_Syria_clashes" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Northern Syria clashes">Northern border clashes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/Spillover_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Spillover of the Syrian civil war"><b>Spillover</b></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:2em;background:transparent; text-align:right; padding:0; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Syrian_ceasefire_line_incidents_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Israeli–Syrian ceasefire line incidents during the Syrian civil war">Israel and Golan Heights</a>:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/March_2017_Israel%E2%80%93Syria_incident" title="March 2017 Israel–Syria incident">March 2017 incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2018_Israel%E2%80%93Syria_incident" title="February 2018 Israel–Syria incident">February 2018 incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_House_of_Cards" title="Operation House of Cards">May 2018 Israel–Iran incidents</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:2em;background:transparent; text-align:right; padding:0; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_War_in_Iraq_(2014)" title="Timeline of the War in Iraq (2014)">Iraq</a>:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akashat_ambush" title="Akashat ambush">Akashat ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_al-Shabah" title="Operation al-Shabah">Operation al-Shabah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_War_in_Iraq_(2014)#April" title="Timeline of the War in Iraq (2014)">April 2014 Iraqi border airstrike</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:2em;background:transparent; text-align:right; padding:0; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Jordanian%E2%80%93Syrian_border_incidents_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Jordanian–Syrian border incidents during the Syrian civil war">Jordanian border incidents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian%E2%80%93Syrian_border_incidents_during_the_Syrian_civil_war#2014" title="Jordanian–Syrian border incidents during the Syrian civil war">April 2014 Jordanian border airstrike</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:2em;background:transparent; text-align:right; padding:0; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war_spillover_in_Lebanon" title="Syrian civil war spillover in Lebanon">Lebanon</a>:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon%E2%80%93Syria_border_clashes" title="Lebanon–Syria border clashes">Lebanese border clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Sidon_clash" title="2013 Sidon clash">Battle of Sidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_embassy_bombing_in_Beirut" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian embassy bombing in Beirut">Iranian embassy bombing in Beirut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Lebanon_clashes_(2014)" title="North Lebanon clashes (2014)">North Lebanon clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalamoun_offensive_(2017)" title="Qalamoun offensive (2017)">Qalamoun (Jul–Aug 2017)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:2em;background:transparent; text-align:right; padding:0; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Syrian%E2%80%93Turkish_border_clashes_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian–Turkish border clashes during the Syrian civil war">Turkey</a>:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/December_2011_Syrian%E2%80%93Turkish_border_clash" title="December 2011 Syrian–Turkish border clash">December 2011 Turkish border clash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Turkish_F-4_Phantom_shootdown" title="2012 Turkish F-4 Phantom shootdown">2012 Turkish F-4 Phantom shootdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Syrian%E2%80%93Turkish_border_clashes" class="mw-redirect" title="2012 Syrian–Turkish border clashes">2012 Turkish border clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Reyhanl%C4%B1_car_bombings" title="2013 Reyhanlı car bombings">2013 Reyhanlı car bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_2014_Turkish_attack_in_Syria" title="January 2014 Turkish attack in Syria">January 2014 Turkish attack in Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Andrei_Karlov" title="Assassination of Andrei Karlov">Assassination of Andrei Karlov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Russian_Air_Force_Al-Bab_incident" title="2017 Russian Air Force Al-Bab incident">Russian Air Force Al-Bab incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Balyun_airstrikes" title="2020 Balyun airstrikes">2020 Balyun airstrikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Spring_Shield" title="Operation Spring Shield">Operation Spring Shield</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:2em;background:transparent; text-align:right; padding:0; vertical-align:top;">Elsewhere:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2017_Deir_ez-Zor_missile_strike" class="mw-redirect" title="2017 Deir ez-Zor missile strike">Deir ez-Zor missile strike</a> (Iran)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;"><div id="Belligerents" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Belligerents</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em">Syria</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Syria" title="Politics of Syria">Politics of Syria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Socialist_Ba%27ath_Party_%E2%80%93_Syria_Region" title="Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region">Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Social_Nationalist_Party" title="Syrian Social Nationalist Party">Syrian Social Nationalist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Socialist_Movement" title="Arab Socialist Movement">Arab Socialist Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Communist_Party_(Bakdash)" title="Syrian Communist Party (Bakdash)">Syrian Communist Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;">Military and militias</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Armed_Forces" title="Syrian Armed Forces">Syrian Armed Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Resistance" title="Syrian Resistance">Syrian Resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine_%E2%80%93_General_Command" title="Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command">PFLP-GC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liwa_al-Quds" title="Liwa al-Quds">al-Quds Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestine_Liberation_Army" title="Palestine Liberation Army">Palestine Liberation Army</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war">Foreign support</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hezbollah_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Hezbollah involvement in the Syrian civil war">Hezbollah involvement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Iranian intervention in the Syrian civil war">Iranian involvement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liwa_Fatemiyoun" title="Liwa Fatemiyoun">Liwa Fatemiyoun</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Russian involvement in the Syrian civil war">Russian involvement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian%E2%80%93Syrian_hospital_bombing_campaign" title="Russian–Syrian hospital bombing campaign">medical facility targeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Russian intervention in the Syrian civil war">military intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagner_Group" title="Wagner Group">Wagner Group</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Syria%E2%80%93Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_coalition" title="Russia–Syria–Iran–Iraq coalition">Russia–Syria–Iran–Iraq coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Mobilization_Forces" title="Popular Mobilization Forces">Popular Mobilization Forces</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em"><a href="/wiki/Syrian_opposition" title="Syrian opposition">Opposition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Interim_Government" title="Syrian Interim Government">Interim government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Coalition_of_Syrian_Revolutionary_and_Opposition_Forces" title="National Coalition of Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces">National Coalition</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Local_Coordination_Committees_of_Syria" title="Local Coordination Committees of Syria">Local Coordination Committees</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_National_Council" title="Syrian National Council">Syrian National Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Council_of_the_Syrian_Revolution" title="Supreme Council of the Syrian Revolution">Supreme Council of the Syrian Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Coordination_Committee_for_Democratic_Change" title="National Coordination Committee for Democratic Change">National Coordination Committee for Democratic Change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Revolution_General_Commission" title="Syrian Revolution General Commission">Syrian Revolution General Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Support_Group" title="Syrian Support Group">Syrian Support Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adopt_a_Revolution" title="Adopt a Revolution">Adopt a Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_National_Council#Syrian_Patriotic_Group" title="Syrian National Council">Syrian Patriotic Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;">Opposition militias</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_National_Army" title="Syrian National Army">Syrian National Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Syrian_Army" title="Free Syrian Army">Free Syrian Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Front_for_Liberation" title="National Front for Liberation">National Front for Liberation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaysh_al-Izza" title="Jaysh al-Izza">Army of Glory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Authenticity_and_Development_Front" title="Authenticity and Development Front">Authenticity and Development Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_Free_Tribes" title="Army of Free Tribes">Army of Free Tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Commando_Army" title="Revolutionary Commando Army">Revolutionary Commando Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_Brotherhood_in_Syria" title="Muslim Brotherhood in Syria">Muslim Brotherhood in Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey_Wolves_(organization)" title="Grey Wolves (organization)">Grey Wolves</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war">Foreign support</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/US_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="US intervention in the Syrian civil war">US intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Jordanian intervention in the Syrian civil war">Jordanian intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatari_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Qatari involvement in the Syrian civil war">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Saudi involvement in the Syrian civil war">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Turkish involvement in the Syrian civil war">Turkey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Administration_of_North_and_East_Syria" title="Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria">Autonomous Administration<br />of North and East Syria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Movement_for_a_Democratic_Society" title="Movement for a Democratic Society">DFNS Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Union_Party_(Syria)" title="Democratic Union Party (Syria)">Democratic Union Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_National_Council" title="Kurdish National Council">Kurdish National Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Rojava" title="List of political parties in Rojava">Smaller political parties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Democratic_Forces" title="Syrian Democratic Forces">SDF militias</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Defense_Units" title="People's Defense Units">People's Protection Units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Protection_Units" title="Women's Protection Units">Women's Protection Units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Terror_Units" title="Anti-Terror Units">Anti-Terror Units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Sanadid_Forces" title="Al-Sanadid Forces">Al-Sanadid Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_Revolutionaries" title="Army of Revolutionaries">Army of Revolutionaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Democratic_Forces_military_councils" title="Syrian Democratic Forces military councils">SDF military councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Military_Council" title="Syriac Military Council">Syriac Military Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liwa_Thuwar_al-Raqqa" title="Liwa Thuwar al-Raqqa">Liwa Thuwar al-Raqqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Democratic_Brigade" title="Northern Democratic Brigade">Northern Democratic Brigade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;">Support</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patriotic_Union_of_Kurdistan" title="Patriotic Union of Kurdistan">Patriotic Union of Kurdistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party" title="Kurdistan Workers' Party">Kurdistan Workers' Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Freedom_Battalion" title="International Freedom Battalion">International Freedom Battalion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinjar_Resistance_Units" title="Sinjar Resistance Units">Sinjar Resistance Units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Az%C3%AEdxan_Women%27s_Units" title="Êzîdxan Women's Units">Êzîdxan Women's Units</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em"><a href="/wiki/Islamism" title="Islamism">Islamists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Islamic_State" title="Islamic State">Islamic State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_of_the_Islamic_State" title="Military of the Islamic State">Military activity of ISIL</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al-Barakah_(Islamic_State_administrative_district)" title="Al-Barakah (Islamic State administrative district)">Al-Barakah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dokumac%C4%B1lar" title="Dokumacılar">Dokumacılar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalid_ibn_al-Walid_Army" title="Khalid ibn al-Walid Army">Khalid ibn al-Walid Army</a> (<a href="/wiki/Yarmouk_Martyrs_Brigade" title="Yarmouk Martyrs Brigade">Yarmouk Martyrs Brigade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Muthanna_Movement" title="Islamic Muthanna Movement">Islamic Muthanna Movement</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jaysh_al-Jihad" title="Jaysh al-Jihad">Jaysh al-Jihad</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jund_al-Aqsa" title="Jund al-Aqsa">Liwa al-Aqsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_the_One_and_Only" title="Group of the One and Only">Group of the One and Only</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liwa_Dawud" title="Liwa Dawud">Liwa Dawud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liwa_Aqab_al-Islami" title="Liwa Aqab al-Islami">Liwa Aqab al-Islami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katibah_Nusantara" title="Katibah Nusantara">Katibah Nusantara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katiba_al-Bittar_al-Libi" title="Katiba al-Bittar al-Libi">Katiba al-Bittar al-Libi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Khansaa_Brigade" title="Al-Khansaa Brigade">Al-Khansaa Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_the_One_and_Only" title="Group of the One and Only">Group of the One and Only</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">al-Qaeda</a> and allies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Nusra_Front" title="Al-Nusra Front">Al-Nusra Front</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jabhat_Fatah_al-Sham" class="mw-redirect" title="Jabhat Fatah al-Sham">Jabhat Fatah al-Sham</a> (<a href="/wiki/Khorasan_group" title="Khorasan group">Khorasan group</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suqour_al-Ezz" title="Suqour al-Ezz">Suqour al-Ezz</a>) <a href="/wiki/Jaysh_Muhammad_in_Bilad_al-Sham" title="Jaysh Muhammad in Bilad al-Sham">Jaysh Muhammad in Bilad al-Sham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahrir_al-Sham" title="Tahrir al-Sham">Tahrir al-Sham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkistan_Islamic_Party_in_Syria" title="Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria">Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasus_Emirate" title="Caucasus Emirate">Caucasus Emirate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajnad_al-Kavkaz" title="Ajnad al-Kavkaz">Ajnad al-Kavkaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junud_al-Makhdi" title="Junud al-Makhdi">Junud al-Makhdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rouse_the_Believers_Operations_Room" title="Rouse the Believers Operations Room">Rouse the Believers Operations Room</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ansar_al-Tawhid_(Syria)" title="Ansar al-Tawhid (Syria)">Ansar al-Tawhid</a> (<a href="/wiki/Firqat_al-Ghuraba" title="Firqat al-Ghuraba">Firqat al-Ghuraba</a>), <a href="/wiki/Hurras_al-Din" title="Hurras al-Din">Hurras al-Din</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ansar_al-Din_Front" title="Ansar al-Din Front">Ansar al-Din Front</a> (<a href="/wiki/Harakat_Sham_al-Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Harakat Sham al-Islam">Harakat Sham al-Islam</a>), <a href="/wiki/Ansar_al-Islam_in_Kurdistan" title="Ansar al-Islam in Kurdistan">Ansar al-Islam in Kurdistan</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaish_al-Haramoun" title="Jaish al-Haramoun">Jaish al-Haramoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaysh_al-Sunna" title="Jaysh al-Sunna">Jaysh al-Sunna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liwa_al-Muhajireen_wal-Ansar" title="Liwa al-Muhajireen wal-Ansar">Liwa al-Muhajireen wal-Ansar</a> (<a href="/wiki/Green_Battalion" title="Green Battalion">Green Battalion</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mujahideen_Shura_Council_(Syria)" title="Mujahideen Shura Council (Syria)">Mujahideen Shura Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malhama_Tactical" title="Malhama Tactical">Malhama Tactical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katibat_al-Tawhid_wal-Jihad" title="Katibat al-Tawhid wal-Jihad">Katibat al-Tawhid wal-Jihad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jama%27at_Ansar_al-Furqan_in_Bilad_al_Sham" title="Jama'at Ansar al-Furqan in Bilad al Sham">Jama'at Ansar al-Furqan in Bilad al Sham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghuraba_al-Sham" title="Ghuraba al-Sham">Ghuraba al-Sham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pakistani_Taliban" title="Pakistani Taliban">Pakistani Taliban</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imam_Bukhari_Jamaat" title="Imam Bukhari Jamaat">Imam Bukhari Jamaat</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatah_al-Islam" title="Fatah al-Islam">Fatah al-Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhajirin_wa-Ansar_Alliance" title="Muhajirin wa-Ansar Alliance">Muhajirin wa-Ansar Alliance</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liwaa_al-Umma" title="Liwaa al-Umma">Liwaa al-Umma</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;"><div id="People" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">People</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ammar_Abdulhamid" title="Ammar Abdulhamid">Ammar Abdulhamid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_al-Abdallah" title="Ali al-Abdallah">Ali al-Abdallah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adnan_al-Aroor" title="Adnan al-Aroor">Adnan al-Aroor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Assad_family" title="Al-Assad family">al-Assad family</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bashar_al-Assad" title="Bashar al-Assad">Bashar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maher_al-Assad" title="Maher al-Assad">Maher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rifaat_al-Assad" title="Rifaat al-Assad">Rifaat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rami_Makhlouf" title="Rami Makhlouf">Rami Makhlouf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hafez_Makhlouf" title="Hafez Makhlouf">Hafez Makhlouf</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riad_al-Asaad" title="Riad al-Asaad">Riad al-Asaad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anwar_al-Bunni" title="Anwar al-Bunni">Anwar al-Bunni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fahd_Jassem_al-Freij" title="Fahd Jassem al-Freij">Fahd Jassem al-Freij</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suheil_al-Hassan" class="mw-redirect" title="Suheil al-Hassan">Suheil al-Hassan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitham_al-Maleh" title="Haitham al-Maleh">Haitham al-Maleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moaz_al-Khatib" title="Moaz al-Khatib">Moaz al-Khatib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamal_al-Labwani" title="Kamal al-Labwani">Kamal al-Labwani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Hamza_Ali_Al-Khateeb" title="Death of Hamza Ali Al-Khateeb">Hamza al-Khateeb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tal_al-Mallohi" title="Tal al-Mallohi">Tal al-Mallohi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fida_al-Sayed" title="Fida al-Sayed">Fida al-Sayed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riad_al-Turk" title="Riad al-Turk">Riad al-Turk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khaled_Khoja" title="Khaled Khoja">Khaled Khoja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ammar_al-Qurabi" title="Ammar al-Qurabi">Ammar al-Qurabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suheir_Atassi" title="Suheir Atassi">Suheir Atassi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Sadreddine_Al-Bayanouni" title="Ali Sadreddine Al-Bayanouni">Ali Sadreddine Al-Bayanouni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aref_Dalila" title="Aref Dalila">Aref Dalila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farid_Ghadry" title="Farid Ghadry">Farid Ghadry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burhan_Ghalioun" title="Burhan Ghalioun">Burhan Ghalioun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razan_Ghazzawi" title="Razan Ghazzawi">Razan Ghazzawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghassan_Hitto" title="Ghassan Hitto">Ghassan Hitto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salim_Idris" title="Salim Idris">Salim Idris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randa_Kassis" title="Randa Kassis">Randa Kassis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Halim_Khaddam" title="Abdul Halim Khaddam">Abdul Halim Khaddam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Kilo" title="Michel Kilo">Michel Kilo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bassma_Kodmani" title="Bassma Kodmani">Bassma Kodmani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Habib_Mahmud" title="Ali Habib Mahmud">Ali Habib Mahmud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Mahmoud_Othman" title="Ali Mahmoud Othman">Ali Mahmoud Othman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_Qashoush" title="Ibrahim Qashoush">Ibrahim Qashoush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawoud_Rajiha" title="Dawoud Rajiha">Dawoud Rajiha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yassin_al-Haj_Saleh" title="Yassin al-Haj Saleh">Yassin al-Haj Saleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouthaina_Shaaban" title="Bouthaina Shaaban">Bouthaina Shaaban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdulbaset_Sieda" title="Abdulbaset Sieda">Abdulbaset Sieda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riad_Seif" title="Riad Seif">Riad Seif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fadwa_Souleimane" title="Fadwa Souleimane">Fadwa Souleimane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamad_Anas_Haitham_Soueid" title="Mohamad Anas Haitham Soueid">Mohamad Anas Haitham Soueid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaser_Tabbara" title="Yaser Tabbara">Yaser Tabbara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razan_Zaitouneh" title="Razan Zaitouneh">Razan Zaitouneh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rami_Jarrah" title="Rami Jarrah">Rami Jarrah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdurrahman_Mustafa" title="Abdurrahman Mustafa">Abdurrahman Mustafa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fadlallah_al-Haji" title="Fadlallah al-Haji">Fadlallah al-Haji</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;"><div id="Related" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Related</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2011_Syrian_local_elections" title="2011 Syrian local elections">2011 local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Syrian_parliamentary_election" title="2012 Syrian parliamentary election">2012 parliamentary election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Syrian_presidential_election" title="2014 Syrian presidential election">2014 presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Rojava_local_elections" title="2015 Rojava local elections">2015 Northern local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Syrian_parliamentary_election" title="2016 Syrian parliamentary election">2016 parliamentary election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Rojava_local_elections" title="2017 Rojava local elections">2017 Northern local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Rojava_regional_elections" title="2017 Rojava regional elections">2017 Northern regional elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Syrian_local_elections" title="2018 Syrian local elections">2018 local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Syrian_parliamentary_election" title="2020 Syrian parliamentary election">2020 parliamentary election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Syrian_presidential_election" title="2021 Syrian presidential election">2021 presidential election</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casualties_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Casualties of the Syrian civil war">Casualties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cities_and_towns_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Cities and towns during the Syrian civil war">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_of_chemical_weapons_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Use of chemical weapons in the Syrian civil war">Chemical weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heritage_sites_damaged_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="List of heritage sites damaged during the Syrian civil war">Damaged heritage sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war">Foreign involvement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_violations_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Human rights violations during the Syrian civil war">Human rights violations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_aid_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Humanitarian aid during the Syrian civil war">Humanitarian aid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_demonstrations_and_protests_relating_to_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="International demonstrations and protests relating to the Syrian civil war">International demonstrations and protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="International reactions to the Syrian civil war">International reactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_massacres_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="List of massacres during the Syrian civil war">Massacres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugees_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Refugees of the Syrian civil war">Refugees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sectarianism_and_minorities_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Sectarianism and minorities in the Syrian civil war">Sectarianism and minorities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Status_of_the_Golan_Heights" class="mw-redirect" title="Status of the Golan Heights">Status of the Golan Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war_spillover_in_Lebanon" title="Syrian civil war spillover in Lebanon">Spillover in Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_government_reactions_to_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian government reactions to the Syrian civil war">Syrian government reactions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Syrian_peace_process" title="Syrian peace process">Peace process</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_League_monitors_in_Syria" title="Arab League monitors in Syria">Arab League monitors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_of_Syria_Group" title="Friends of Syria Group">Friends of Syria Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kofi_Annan_Syrian_peace_plan" title="Kofi Annan Syrian peace plan">Kofi Annan peace plan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Supervision_Mission_in_Syria" title="United Nations Supervision Mission in Syria">UN supervision mission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakhdar_Brahimi_Syrian_peace_plan" title="Lakhdar Brahimi Syrian peace plan">Lakhdar Brahimi peace plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S.%E2%80%93Russia_peace_proposals_on_Syria" title="U.S.–Russia peace proposals on Syria">U.S.–Russia peace proposals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/39th_G8_summit" title="39th G8 summit">39th G8 summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_2118" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 2118">UN Security Council Resolution 2118</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_II_Conference_on_Syria" title="Geneva II Conference on Syria">Geneva II conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Zabadani_cease-fire_agreement" title="2015 Zabadani cease-fire agreement">2015 Zabadani cease-fire agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vienna_peace_talks_for_Syria" title="Vienna peace talks for Syria">Vienna talks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_peace_talks_on_Syria_(2016)" title="Geneva peace talks on Syria (2016)">2016 Geneva talks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_demilitarization_(2018%E2%80%932019)" title="Idlib demilitarization (2018–2019)">Idlib demilitarization (2018–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Syria_Buffer_Zone" title="Northern Syria Buffer Zone">First Northern Syria Demilitarization Deal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Northern_Syria_Buffer_Zone" title="Second Northern Syria Buffer Zone">Second Northern Syria Demilitarization Deal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Constitutional_Committee" title="Syrian Constitutional Committee">Syrian Constitutional Committee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">War crimes trials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lkerstrafgesetzbuch#Syrian_civil_war" title="Völkerstrafgesetzbuch">Universal jurisdiction trials in Germany</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exclusive_mandate" title="Exclusive mandate">Exclusive mandate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Extraordinary_Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference" title="Fourth Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference">Fourth Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_recognition_of_the_Syrian_National_Council" title="International recognition of the Syrian National Council">International recognition of the Syrian National Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria_Files" title="Syria Files">Syria Files</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Syrian_detainee_report" title="2014 Syrian detainee report">Syrian detainee report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_coverage_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Media coverage of the Syrian civil war">Syrian media coverage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_European_migrant_crisis" title="2015 European migrant crisis">2015 European migrant crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war_in_popular_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian civil war in popular culture">Syrian civil war in popular culture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" 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mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Idlib_Governorate" title="Template:Idlib Governorate"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Idlib_Governorate" title="Template talk:Idlib Governorate"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Idlib_Governorate" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Idlib Governorate"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Syria&#124;link=Syria_Idlib_Governorate" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria"><img alt="Syria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate" title="Idlib Governorate">Idlib Governorate</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><b>Capital:</b> <a href="/wiki/Idlib" title="Idlib">Idlib</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left: 108px;"><div id="Idlib_District" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Idlib_District" title="Idlib District">Idlib District</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-center: 108px"><a href="/wiki/Idlib_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Idlib Nahiyah">Idlib Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Idlib" title="Idlib">Idlib</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Mastumah" title="Al-Mastumah">Al-Mastumah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faylun" title="Faylun">Faylun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qminas" title="Qminas">Qminas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aqrabat" title="Aqrabat">Aqrabat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arshani" title="Arshani">Arshani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ein_Shib" title="Ein Shib">Ein Shib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafruhin" title="Kafruhin">Kafruhin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kreiz" title="Kreiz">Kreiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martein" title="Martein">Martein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nayrab,_Idlib" title="Nayrab, Idlib">Nayrab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ora_Shamaliyah" title="Ora Shamaliyah">Ora Shamaliyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sijer" title="Sijer">Sijer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tab_Issa_Gharbi_wa_Sharki" title="Tab Issa Gharbi wa Sharki">Tab Issa Gharbi wa Sharki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-center: 108px"><a href="/wiki/Abu_al-Duhur_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu al-Duhur Nahiyah">Abu al-Duhur Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Abu_al-Duhur" title="Abu al-Duhur">Abu al-Duhur</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Sultan" title="Tell Sultan">Tell Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Touqan" title="Tell Touqan">Tell Touqan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballisa" title="Ballisa">Ballisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baragethi" title="Baragethi">Baragethi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barissa" title="Barissa">Barissa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Busra_-_Zafar_Saghir" title="Busra - Zafar Saghir">Busra - Zafar Saghir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmala,_Idlib" title="Harmala, Idlib">Harmala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hmeimat_Eldayer" title="Hmeimat Eldayer">Hmeimat Eldayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hseiniyeh_-_Tell_Kalba" title="Hseiniyeh - Tell Kalba">Hseiniyeh - Tell Kalba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jallas,_Idlib" title="Jallas, Idlib">Jallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jdidhe_Abu_Elthohur" title="Jdidhe Abu Elthohur">Jdidhe Abu Elthohur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Msheirfeh,_Idlib" title="Msheirfeh, Idlib">Msheirfeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustariha" title="Mustariha">Mustariha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ras_El_Ein" class="mw-redirect" title="Ras El Ein">Ras El Ein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasm_Abed" title="Rasm Abed">Rasm Abed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Elaghar" title="Tell Elaghar">Tell Elaghar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Fukhar" title="Tell Fukhar">Tell Fukhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Silmo" title="Tell Silmo">Tell Silmo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taljineh" title="Taljineh">Taljineh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talkhatra" title="Talkhatra">Talkhatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawahineh" title="Tawahineh">Tawahineh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawil_Elsheikh" title="Tawil Elsheikh">Tawil Elsheikh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tweim,_Idlib" title="Tweim, Idlib">Tweim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taweila" title="Taweila">Taweila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zafar_al-Kabir" title="Zafar al-Kabir">Zafar al-Kabir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-center: 108px"><a href="/wiki/Saraqib_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Saraqib Nahiyah">Saraqib Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Saraqib" title="Saraqib">Saraqib</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_al-Sabil" title="Khan al-Sabil">Khan al-Sabil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mardikh" title="Mardikh">Mardikh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abul_Khos" title="Abul Khos">Abul Khos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afs,_Idlib" title="Afs, Idlib">Afs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajez" title="Ajez">Ajez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anqrati" title="Anqrati">Anqrati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bijfas" title="Bijfas">Bijfas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bweiti" title="Bweiti">Bweiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dadikh" title="Dadikh">Dadikh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jobas" title="Jobas">Jobas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Battikh" title="Kafr Battikh">Kafr Battikh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Amim,_Idlib" title="Kafr Amim, Idlib">Kafr Amim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khuwara" title="Khuwara">Khuwara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lof,_Idlib" title="Lof, Idlib">Lof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maar_Dibsi" class="mw-redirect" title="Maar Dibsi">Maar Dibsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharem,_Idlib" title="Maharem, Idlib">Maharem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasafa,_Idlib" title="Rasafa, Idlib">Rasafa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rayan,_Idlib" title="Rayan, Idlib">Rayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salamin,_Idlib" title="Salamin, Idlib">Salamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San,_Idlib" title="San, Idlib">San</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Idris" title="Sheikh Idris">Sheikh Idris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Karatine" title="Tell Karatine">Tell Karatine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tronba" title="Tronba">Tronba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-center: 108px"><a href="/wiki/Taftanaz_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Taftanaz Nahiyah">Taftanaz Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Taftanaz" title="Taftanaz">Taftanaz</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketyan" title="Ketyan">Ketyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maaret_Elnaasan" title="Maaret Elnaasan">Maaret Elnaasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shallakh" title="Shallakh">Shallakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talhiyeh" title="Talhiyeh">Talhiyeh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-center: 108px"><a href="/wiki/Maarrat_Misrin_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Maarrat Misrin Nahiyah">Maarrat Misrin Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Maarrat_Misrin" title="Maarrat Misrin">Maarrat Misrin</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zardana" title="Zardana">Zardana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haranabush" title="Haranabush">Haranabush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hizano" title="Hizano">Hizano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafriya" title="Kafriya">Kafriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaftin" title="Kaftin">Kaftin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killi" title="Killi">Killi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maarrat_al-Ikhwan" title="Maarrat al-Ikhwan">Maarrat al-Ikhwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batenta" title="Batenta">Batenta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhora" title="Bhora">Bhora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Jales" title="Kafr Jales">Kafr Jales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Nabi" title="Kafr Nabi">Kafr Nabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Yahmul" title="Kafr Yahmul">Kafr Yahmul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murin,_Idlib" title="Murin, Idlib">Murin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Hamdan" title="Ram Hamdan">Ram Hamdan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taltuneh" title="Taltuneh">Taltuneh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-center: 108px"><a href="/wiki/Binnish_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Binnish Nahiyah">Binnish Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Binnish" title="Binnish">Binnish</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Fu%27ah" title="Al-Fu'ah">Al-Fu'ah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ta%27um" title="Ta'um">Ta'um</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-center: 108px"><a href="/wiki/Sarmin_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarmin Nahiyah">Sarmin Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Sarmin" title="Sarmin">Sarmin</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SyriaIdlib.PNG" class="mw-file-description" title="Idlib Governorate within Syria"><img alt="Idlib Governorate within Syria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/SyriaIdlib.PNG/90px-SyriaIdlib.PNG" decoding="async" width="90" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/SyriaIdlib.PNG/135px-SyriaIdlib.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/SyriaIdlib.PNG/180px-SyriaIdlib.PNG 2x" data-file-width="672" data-file-height="594" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Idlib_blank_districts.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Idlib Governorate"><img alt="Idlib Governorate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Idlib_blank_districts.png/90px-Idlib_blank_districts.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Idlib_blank_districts.png/135px-Idlib_blank_districts.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Idlib_blank_districts.png/180px-Idlib_blank_districts.png 2x" data-file-width="624" data-file-height="751" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left: 108px;"><div id="Ma&#039;arrat_al-Nu&#039;man_District" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ma%27arrat_al-Nu%27man_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Ma'arrat al-Nu'man District">Ma'arrat al-Nu'man District</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-center: 108px"><a href="/wiki/Ma%27arrat_al-Nu%27man_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Ma'arrat al-Nu'man Nahiyah">Maarrat al-Nu'man Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ma%27arrat_al-Nu%27man" class="mw-redirect" title="Ma'arrat al-Nu'man">Ma'arrat al-Nu'man</a></b></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Makki" title="Abu Makki">Abu Makki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babilla,_Idlib" title="Babilla, Idlib">Babilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barsa,_Idlib" title="Barsa, Idlib">Barsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bsida" title="Bsida">Bsida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Dana,_Maarrat_al-Nu%27man" title="Al-Dana, Maarrat al-Nu'man">Al-Dana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_al-Gharbi" title="Deir al-Gharbi">Deir al-Gharbi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_Sharqi" title="Deir Sharqi">Deir Sharqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghadqa" title="Ghadqa">Ghadqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halbeh" title="Halbeh">Halbeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hantutin" title="Hantutin">Hantutin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harran,_Idlib" title="Harran, Idlib">Harran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatamiyeh" title="Hatamiyeh">Hatamiyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazzan,_Idlib" title="Hazzan, Idlib">Hazzan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hraki" class="mw-redirect" title="Hraki">Hraki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jarada" title="Jarada">Jarada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jarjnaz" title="Jarjnaz">Jarjnaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Rumah" title="Kafr Rumah">Kafr Rumah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanayes,_Idlib" title="Kanayes, Idlib">Kanayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuweires,_Idlib" title="Kuweires, Idlib">Kuweires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maar_Shamshah" title="Maar Shamshah">Maar Shamshah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maar_Shamarin" title="Maar Shamarin">Maar Shamarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maar_Shurin" title="Maar Shurin">Maar Shurin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maasaran" title="Maasaran">Maasaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qaratli" title="Qaratli">Qaratli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samkeh" title="Samkeh">Samkeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarman" title="Sarman">Sarman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Dibis" title="Tell Dibis">Tell Dibis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Kersyan" title="Tell Kersyan">Tell Kersyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Mannas" title="Tell Mannas">Tell Mannas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thahrat_Talamnas" title="Thahrat Talamnas">Thahrat Talamnas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tqana" title="Tqana">Tqana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-center: 108px"><a href="/wiki/Khan_Shaykhun_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Khan Shaykhun Nahiyah">Khan Shaykhun Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Khan_Shaykhun" title="Khan Shaykhun">Khan Shaykhun</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdin,_Idlib" title="Abdin, Idlib">Abdin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baarbu" title="Baarbu">Baarbu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hbit" title="Hbit">Hbit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Ein,_Idlib" title="Kafr Ein, Idlib">Kafr Ein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nqeir" title="Nqeir">Nqeir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qasabiyeh" title="Qasabiyeh">Qasabiyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umm_Zaytuna" title="Umm Zaytuna">Umm Zaytuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-center: 108px"><a href="/wiki/Sinjar_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinjar Nahiyah">Sinjar Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Sinjar,_Idlib" title="Sinjar, Idlib">Sinjar</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Sharji" title="Abu Sharji">Abu Sharji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abul_Eleij" title="Abul Eleij">Abul Eleij</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bashkun" title="Bashkun">Bashkun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borj,_Idlib" title="Borj, Idlib">Borj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brennan,_Idlib" title="Brennan, Idlib">Brennan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreibiyeh" title="Dreibiyeh">Dreibiyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwadiyeh" title="Dwadiyeh">Dwadiyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ejaz,_Idlib" title="Ejaz, Idlib">Ejaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fahil_Jallas" title="Fahil Jallas">Fahil Jallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferwan" title="Ferwan">Ferwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghazileh" title="Ghazileh">Ghazileh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halban,_Idlib" title="Halban, Idlib">Halban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawa,_Idlib" title="Hawa, Idlib">Hawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heisa" title="Heisa">Heisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaberiyeh" title="Jaberiyeh">Jaberiyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jahman,_Idlib" title="Jahman, Idlib">Jahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeb_Elqasab" title="Jeb Elqasab">Jeb Elqasab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafraya_Elmaarra" title="Kafraya Elmaarra">Kafraya Elmaarra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karatin_al-Kabir" title="Karatin al-Kabir">Karatin al-Kabir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karatin_Saghir" title="Karatin Saghir">Karatin Saghir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karsanti" title="Karsanti">Karsanti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khayriyeh" title="Khayriyeh">Khayriyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khayriyeh_Saghira" title="Khayriyeh Saghira">Khayriyeh Saghira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khwein_Elshaer" title="Khwein Elshaer">Khwein Elshaer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khyara" title="Khyara">Khyara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lweibdeh_Shamaliyah" title="Lweibdeh Shamaliyah">Lweibdeh Shamaliyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lweibdeh_Sharki" title="Lweibdeh Sharki">Lweibdeh Sharki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magharet_Merza" title="Magharet Merza">Magharet Merza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maksar,_Idlib" title="Maksar, Idlib">Maksar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mardagana_Burtuqala" title="Mardagana Burtuqala">Mardagana Burtuqala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mreiheb" title="Mreiheb">Mreiheb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mreijeb_Elmashad" title="Mreijeb Elmashad">Mreijeb Elmashad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutawaseta" title="Mutawaseta">Mutawaseta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nibaz" title="Nibaz">Nibaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ojeh" title="Ojeh">Ojeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qasr_Elabyad" title="Qasr Elabyad">Qasr Elabyad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatra,_Idlib" title="Qatra, Idlib">Qatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabeeah_Brennan" title="Rabeeah Brennan">Rabeeah Brennan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabeeah_Musa" title="Rabeeah Musa">Rabeeah Musa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasm_Elabed,_Idlib" title="Rasm Elabed, Idlib">Rasm Elabed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saree,_Idlib" title="Saree, Idlib">Saree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarja_Gharbiya" title="Sarja Gharbiya">Sarja Gharbiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarja_Sharkiya" title="Sarja Sharkiya">Sarja Sharkiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayadi,_Idlib" title="Sayadi, Idlib">Sayadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seraa" title="Seraa">Seraa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shara_-_Sharat_Elajayez" title="Shara - Sharat Elajayez">Shara - Sharat Elajayez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Barakeh" title="Sheikh Barakeh">Sheikh Barakeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sqiah" title="Sqiah">Sqiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Dam" title="Tell Dam">Tell Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Elojeh" title="Tell Elojeh">Tell Elojeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Halawa" title="Tell Halawa">Tell Halawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tellemara" title="Tellemara">Tellemara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thleijeh" title="Thleijeh">Thleijeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umm_Sehrij" title="Umm Sehrij">Umm Sehrij</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umm_Tini" title="Umm Tini">Umm Tini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umm_Mweilat_Janubiyah" title="Umm Mweilat Janubiyah">Umm Mweilat Janubiyah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-center: 108px"><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Nabl_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Kafr Nabl Nahiyah">Kafr Nabl Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Nabl" title="Kafr Nabl">Kafr Nabl</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazarin" title="Hazarin">Hazarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hass,_Syria" title="Hass, Syria">Hass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basqala" title="Basqala">Basqala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dara_al-Kabira" title="Dara al-Kabira">Dara al-Kabira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faqie" title="Faqie">Faqie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleifel" title="Fleifel">Fleifel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ftireh" title="Ftireh">Ftireh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jbala,_Idlib" title="Jbala, Idlib">Jbala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Musa,_Idlib" title="Kafr Musa, Idlib">Kafr Musa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Oweid" title="Kafr Oweid">Kafr Oweid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karsaa" title="Karsaa">Karsaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawkabeh" title="Kawkabeh">Kawkabeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lweibdeh,_Syria" title="Lweibdeh, Syria">Lweibdeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maar_Tahroma" title="Maar Tahroma">Maar Tahroma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maar_Tamater" title="Maar Tamater">Maar Tamater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maar_Tesin" title="Maar Tesin">Maar Tesin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maarzita" title="Maarzita">Maarzita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milaja" title="Milaja">Milaja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qoqfin" title="Qoqfin">Qoqfin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasha_Shamaliya" title="Rasha Shamaliya">Rasha Shamaliya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sfuhen" title="Sfuhen">Sfuhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Mustafa,_Idlib" title="Sheikh Mustafa, Idlib">Sheikh Mustafa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shorlin" title="Shorlin">Shorlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tramla" title="Tramla">Tramla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umm_Nir" title="Umm Nir">Umm Nir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-center: 108px"><a href="/wiki/Al-Tamanah_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Tamanah Nahiyah">Tamanah Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Al-Tamanah" title="Al-Tamanah">Al-Tamanah</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukayk" title="Sukayk">Sukayk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Dali,_Idlib" title="Abu Dali, Idlib">Abu Dali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Omar,_Idlib" title="Abu Omar, Idlib">Abu Omar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breiseh" title="Breiseh">Breiseh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dajaj" title="Dajaj">Dajaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farja" title="Farja">Farja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamadaniyeh" title="Hamadaniyeh">Hamadaniyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khwein_al-Kabir" title="Khwein al-Kabir">Khwein al-Kabir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mashraf_Rajmel_Mashraf" title="Mashraf Rajmel Mashraf">Mashraf Rajmel Mashraf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Msheirfeh_Qabliyeh" title="Msheirfeh Qabliyeh">Msheirfeh Qabliyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mushayrifa_Shamaliya" title="Mushayrifa Shamaliya">Mushayrifa Shamaliya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niha,_Idlib" title="Niha, Idlib">Niha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qleiat_Eltubiyeh" title="Qleiat Eltubiyeh">Qleiat Eltubiyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raffa,_Syria" title="Raffa, Syria">Raffa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rweideh,_Idlib" title="Rweideh, Idlib">Rweideh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahal" title="Sahal">Sahal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shatib" title="Shatib">Shatib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Khanzir" title="Tell Khanzir">Tell Khanzir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Maraq" title="Tell Maraq">Tell Maraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tama,_Idlib" title="Tama, Idlib">Tama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umm_Elkhalayel" title="Umm Elkhalayel">Umm Elkhalayel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umm_Jalal" title="Umm Jalal">Umm Jalal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-center: 108px"><a href="/wiki/Hish_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Hish Nahiyah">Hish Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Hish,_Syria" title="Hish, Syria">Hish</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Habbeh" title="Abu Habbeh">Abu Habbeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ameriyeh,_Idlib" title="Ameriyeh, Idlib">Ameriyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amudiyeh" title="Amudiyeh">Amudiyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armanaya" title="Armanaya">Armanaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babuline" title="Babuline">Babuline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jabala_Sharqiya" title="Jabala Sharqiya">Jabala Sharqiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Basin" title="Kafr Basin">Kafr Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafrsajna" title="Kafrsajna">Kafrsajna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maar_Hattat" title="Maar Hattat">Maar Hattat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maysruneh" title="Maysruneh">Maysruneh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moqa" title="Moqa">Moqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rakaya_Sijneh" title="Rakaya Sijneh">Rakaya Sijneh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahyan" title="Sahyan">Sahyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salhiyeh,_Hish" title="Salhiyeh, Hish">Salhiyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Dames" title="Sheikh Dames">Sheikh Dames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Tah,_Idlib" title="Al-Tah, Idlib">Al-Tah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahtaya" title="Tahtaya">Tahtaya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left: 108px;"><div id="Ariha_District" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ariha_District" title="Ariha District">Ariha District</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: lavender;"><a href="/wiki/Ariha_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariha Nahiyah">Ariha Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Ariha,_Idlib" title="Ariha, Idlib">Ariha</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iblin,_Syria" title="Iblin, Syria">Iblin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Latah" title="Kafr Latah">Kafr Latah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurin,_Syria" title="Kurin, Syria">Kurin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahlaya" title="Nahlaya">Nahlaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinan,_Syria" title="Shinan, Syria">Shinan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urum_al-Jawz" title="Urum al-Jawz">Urum al-Jawz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abkally" title="Abkally">Abkally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bab_Ellah" title="Bab Ellah">Bab Ellah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banin,_Idlib" title="Banin, Idlib">Banin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bazabur" title="Bazabur">Bazabur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berjhab" title="Berjhab">Berjhab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebneh" title="Ebneh">Ebneh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Shalaya" title="Kafr Shalaya">Kafr Shalaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafraziba" title="Kafraziba">Kafraziba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maarbalit" title="Maarbalit">Maarbalit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maarzaf,_Idlib" title="Maarzaf, Idlib">Maarzaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majdaliya" title="Majdaliya">Majdaliya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moataf" title="Moataf">Moataf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maataram" title="Maataram">Maataram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mseibin" title="Mseibin">Mseibin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahleh" title="Nahleh">Nahleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarja,_Syria" title="Sarja, Syria">Sarja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaheriya" title="Thaheriya">Thaheriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Badria" title="Al-Badria">Al-Badria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: lavender;"><a href="/wiki/Ihsim_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Ihsim Nahiyah">Ihsim Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Ihsim" title="Ihsim">Ihsim</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Rami" title="Al-Rami">Al-Rami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juzif" title="Juzif">Juzif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marayan" title="Marayan">Marayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdita" title="Abdita">Abdita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnaba" title="Arnaba">Arnaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balshun" title="Balshun">Balshun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balyun" title="Balyun">Balyun</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bara,_Syria" title="Bara, Syria">Bara</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bsames" title="Bsames">Bsames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_Sunbul,_Idlib" title="Deir Sunbul, Idlib">Deir Sunbul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ein_Laruz" title="Ein Laruz">Ein Laruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farkya" title="Farkya">Farkya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iblin,_Syria" title="Iblin, Syria">Iblin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Haya" title="Kafr Haya">Kafr Haya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansafra" title="Kansafra">Kansafra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maghara" title="Maghara">Maghara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marata,_Idlib" title="Marata, Idlib">Marata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozra" title="Mozra">Mozra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: lavender;"><a href="/wiki/Muhambal_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhambal Nahiyah">Muhambal Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Muhambal" title="Muhambal">Muhambal</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anb" title="Anb">Anb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bales,_Idlib" title="Bales, Idlib">Bales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baqlid" title="Baqlid">Baqlid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baydar_Shamsu" title="Baydar Shamsu">Baydar Shamsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beftamun" title="Beftamun">Beftamun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bsanqul" title="Bsanqul">Bsanqul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hila,_Idlib" title="Hila, Idlib">Hila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hlul" title="Hlul">Hlul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hmeimat" title="Hmeimat">Hmeimat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jadraya" title="Jadraya">Jadraya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafrmid" title="Kafrmid">Kafrmid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kniseh" title="Kniseh">Kniseh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laj_Shamali" title="Laj Shamali">Laj Shamali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matleh,_Ariha" title="Matleh, Ariha">Matleh, Ariha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ora_Qabli_-_Edwan" title="Ora Qabli - Edwan">Ora Qabli - Edwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahen" title="Sahen">Sahen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sararif" title="Sararif">Sararif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shagurit" title="Shagurit">Shagurit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Sad" title="Al-Sad">Al-Sad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Marj,_Idlib" title="Al-Marj, Idlib">Al-Marj</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left: 108px;"><div id="Jisr_al-Shughur_District" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Jisr_al-Shughur_District" title="Jisr al-Shughur District">Jisr al-Shughur District</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: lavender;"><a href="/wiki/Jisr_al-Shughur_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Jisr al-Shughur Nahiyah">Jisr al-Shughur Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Jisr_ash-Shughur" title="Jisr ash-Shughur">Jisr ash-Shughur</a></b></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Marj_Al-Akhdar_Al-Sharqi" title="Al-Marj Al-Akhdar Al-Sharqi">Al-Marj Al-Akhdar Al-Sharqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alyeh" title="Alyeh">Alyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balmis" title="Balmis">Balmis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bkafla" title="Bkafla">Bkafla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bsheiriyeh_-_Bello" class="mw-redirect" title="Bsheiriyeh - Bello">Bsheiriyeh - Bello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bteibat" title="Bteibat">Bteibat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bzeit" title="Bzeit">Bzeit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dgali" title="Dgali">Dgali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ein_Elhamra" title="Ein Elhamra">Ein Elhamra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ein_Elsoda" title="Ein Elsoda">Ein Elsoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eshtabraq" title="Eshtabraq">Eshtabraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frikeh,_Idlib" title="Frikeh, Idlib">Frikeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghanya" title="Ghanya">Ghanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Ghassaniyah,_Idlib" title="Al-Ghassaniyah, Idlib">Al-Ghassaniyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hallouz" title="Hallouz">Hallouz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hseiniyeh" title="Hseiniyeh">Hseiniyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jannet_Elqora" title="Jannet Elqora">Jannet Elqora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafir,_Idlib" title="Kafir, Idlib">Kafir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kniset_Nakhleh" title="Kniset Nakhleh">Kniset Nakhleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maalaqa_-_Bishlamon" title="Maalaqa - Bishlamon">Maalaqa - Bishlamon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marj_Akhdar_Gharbi" title="Marj Akhdar Gharbi">Marj Akhdar Gharbi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marj_Elzohur" title="Marj Elzohur">Marj Elzohur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matleh" title="Matleh">Matleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mintar" title="Mintar">Mintar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Msheirfeh,_Jisr_al-Shughur" title="Msheirfeh, Jisr al-Shughur">Msheirfeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qaysiyeh" title="Qaysiyeh">Qaysiyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rawda,_Idlib" title="Rawda, Idlib">Rawda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabileh" title="Sabileh">Sabileh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salhiyeh,_Idlib" title="Salhiyeh, Idlib">Salhiyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sali,_Idlib" title="Sali, Idlib">Sali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Sindyan_Fawqani" title="Sheikh Sindyan Fawqani">Sheikh Sindyan Fawqani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shghur_Fawqani" title="Shghur Fawqani">Shghur Fawqani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sokkariyeh" title="Sokkariyeh">Sokkariyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Awar" title="Tell Awar">Tell Awar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Hamki" title="Tell Hamki">Tell Hamki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umm_Elgar" title="Umm Elgar">Umm Elgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umm_Rish" title="Umm Rish">Umm Rish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watba" title="Watba">Watba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Arien" title="Al-Arien">Al-Arien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shughur_Tahtani" title="Shughur Tahtani">Shughur Tahtani</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: lavender;"><a href="/wiki/Bidama_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Bidama Nahiyah">Bidama Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Bidama" title="Bidama">Bidama</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armala,_Idlib" title="Armala, Idlib">Armala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baksariya" title="Baksariya">Baksariya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ein_El-Bayda,_Idlib" title="Ein El-Bayda, Idlib">Ein El-Bayda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanbushiyeh" title="Hanbushiyeh">Hanbushiyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kherbet_Eljoz" title="Kherbet Eljoz">Kherbet Eljoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinda,_Idlib" title="Kinda, Idlib">Kinda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maraand" title="Maraand">Maraand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Najiyeh" title="Najiyeh">Najiyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramliyeh" title="Ramliyeh">Ramliyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaturiyeh" title="Shaturiyeh">Shaturiyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuffahiyeh" title="Tuffahiyeh">Tuffahiyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunesiyeh" title="Yunesiyeh">Yunesiyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Sndian_Tahtani" title="Sheikh Sndian Tahtani">Sheikh Sndian Tahtani</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: lavender;"><a href="/wiki/Darkush_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Darkush Nahiyah">Darkush Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Darkush" title="Darkush">Darkush</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zarzur" title="Zarzur">Zarzur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amud,_Idlib" title="Amud, Idlib">Amud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andnaniyeh_-_Farjein" title="Andnaniyeh - Farjein">Andnaniyeh - Farjein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_Othman" title="Deir Othman">Deir Othman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorriyeh" title="Dorriyeh">Dorriyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghazala_-_Mgheidleh" title="Ghazala - Mgheidleh">Ghazala - Mgheidleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamiliya" title="Jamiliya">Jamiliya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matleh_-_Batlaya" title="Matleh - Batlaya">Matleh - Batlaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazuleh" title="Mazuleh">Mazuleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryamin,_Idlib" title="Maryamin, Idlib">Maryamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramadiyeh" title="Ramadiyeh">Ramadiyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadiyeh_-_Bsentiya" title="Sadiyeh - Bsentiya">Sadiyeh - Bsentiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sawadiya_-_Nabhan" title="Sawadiya - Nabhan">Sawadiya - Nabhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Issa_Elashury" title="Sheikh Issa Elashury">Sheikh Issa Elashury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thahr" title="Thahr">Thahr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turin,_Idlib" title="Turin, Idlib">Turin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zahraa,_Idlib" title="Zahraa, Idlib">Zahraa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanbaqi" title="Zanbaqi">Zanbaqi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: lavender;"><a href="/wiki/Al-Janudiyah_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Janudiyah Nahiyah">Janudiyah Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Al-Janudiyah" title="Al-Janudiyah">Al-Janudiyah</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Quniyah" title="Al-Quniyah">Al-Quniyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Yacoubiyah" title="Al-Yacoubiyah">Al-Yacoubiyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athar,_Idlib" title="Athar, Idlib">Athar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foz_-_Zuf" title="Foz - Zuf">Foz - Zuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamama_-_Kafr_Debbin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamama - Kafr Debbin">Hamama - Kafr Debbin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hassaniyeh_-_Hatya" title="Hassaniyeh - Hatya">Hassaniyeh - Hatya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judayda_(Al-Jisser)" title="Judayda (Al-Jisser)"> Judayda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maland" title="Maland">Maland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mudiah_-_Luxin" class="mw-redirect" title="Mudiah - Luxin">Mudiah - Luxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasra,_Idlib" title="Nasra, Idlib">Nasra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qaderiyeh_-_Qayqun" title="Qaderiyeh - Qayqun">Qaderiyeh - Qayqun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiba_-_Katrin" title="Tiba - Katrin">Tiba - Katrin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left: 108px;"><div id="Harem_District" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Harem_District" title="Harem District">Harem District</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: lavender;"><a href="/wiki/Harem_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Harem Nahiyah">Harem Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Harem,_Syria" title="Harem, Syria">Harem</a></b></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariba,_Idlib" title="Ariba, Idlib">Ariba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Besnaya_-_Bseineh" title="Besnaya - Bseineh">Besnaya - Bseineh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Hum" title="Kafr Hum">Kafr Hum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Mu" title="Kafr Mu">Kafr Mu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mira_Shaq" title="Mira Shaq">Mira Shaq</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: lavender;"><a href="/wiki/Al-Dana_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Dana Nahiyah">Dana Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Al-Dana,_Syria" title="Al-Dana, Syria">Al-Dana</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salwah" title="Salwah">Salwah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atme" title="Atme">Atme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qah" title="Qah">Qah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Dariyan" title="Kafr Dariyan">Kafr Dariyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarmada" title="Sarmada">Sarmada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taladah" title="Taladah">Taladah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turmanin" title="Turmanin">Turmanin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aqrabat,_Idlib" title="Aqrabat, Idlib">Aqrabat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burj_Elnumra" title="Burj Elnumra">Burj Elnumra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_Hassan_-_Darhashan" class="mw-redirect" title="Deir Hassan - Darhashan">Deir Hassan - Darhashan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hezreh_-_Hezri" class="mw-redirect" title="Hezreh - Hezri">Hezreh - Hezri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Elkarame" title="Tell Elkarame">Tell Elkarame</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: lavender;"><a href="/wiki/Salqin_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Salqin Nahiyah">Salqin Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Salqin" title="Salqin">Salqin</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Talha,_Syria" title="Abu Talha, Syria">Abu Talha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isqat" title="Isqat">Isqat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Alani" title="Al-Alani">Al-Alani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azmarin" title="Azmarin">Azmarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talamar" title="Talamar">Talamar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betiya" title="Betiya">Betiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bozanti,_Idlib" title="Bozanti, Idlib">Bozanti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delbiya" title="Delbiya">Delbiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ein_Elbikara" title="Ein Elbikara">Ein Elbikara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foziyeh" title="Foziyeh">Foziyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamziyeh" title="Hamziyeh">Hamziyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hir_Jamus_Kabir" title="Hir Jamus Kabir">Hir Jamus Kabir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hir_Jamus_Saghir" title="Hir Jamus Saghir">Hir Jamus Saghir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafarna" title="Kafarna">Kafarna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Hind" title="Kafr Hind">Kafr Hind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafrahlat_Jallad" title="Kafrahlat Jallad">Kafrahlat Jallad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saidiyeh,_Idlib" title="Saidiyeh, Idlib">Saidiyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Shiokh" title="Al-Shiokh">Al-Shiokh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Tlul" title="Al-Tlul">Al-Tlul</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: lavender;"><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Takharim_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Kafr Takharim Nahiyah">Kafr Takharim Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Takharim" title="Kafr Takharim">Kafr Takharim</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Kila,_Syria" title="Kafr Kila, Syria">Kafr Kila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abarita" title="Abarita">Abarita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bshendlaya_-_Rashadiya" title="Bshendlaya - Rashadiya">Bshendlaya - Rashadiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helleh" title="Helleh">Helleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jadeen" title="Jadeen">Jadeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Maris" title="Kafr Maris">Kafr Maris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuku_-_Ein_Eljaj" title="Kuku - Ein Eljaj">Kuku - Ein Eljaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taltita" title="Taltita">Taltita</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: lavender;"><a href="/wiki/Qurqania_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Qurqania Nahiyah">Qurqania Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Qurqania" title="Qurqania">Qurqania</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banabil" title="Banabil">Banabil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barisha,_Harem_District" title="Barisha, Harem District">Barisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalb_Loze" title="Qalb Loze">Qalb Loze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boz_Ghaz" title="Boz Ghaz">Boz Ghaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Htan" title="Htan">Htan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Aruq" title="Kafr Aruq">Kafr Aruq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merat_Elshalaf" title="Merat Elshalaf">Merat Elshalaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabeeta" title="Rabeeta">Rabeeta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radwa" title="Radwa">Radwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ras_Elhisn" title="Ras Elhisn">Ras Elhisn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardin" title="Sardin">Sardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tur_Laha" title="Tur Laha">Tur Laha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: lavender;"><a href="/wiki/Armanaz_Nahiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Armanaz Nahiyah">Armanaz Subdistrict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Armanaz" title="Armanaz">Armanaz</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biret_Armanaz" title="Biret Armanaz">Biret Armanaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bsaliya" title="Bsaliya">Bsaliya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dweila" title="Dweila">Dweila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghafar" title="Ghafar">Ghafar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hafasraja" title="Hafasraja">Hafasraja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haj_Jomaa" title="Haj Jomaa">Haj Jomaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabta,_Idlib" title="Kabta, Idlib">Kabta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwaro_-_Umm_Elriyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuwaro - Umm Elriyah">Kuwaro - Umm Elriyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millis,_Syria" title="Millis, Syria">Millis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quneitra,_Idlib" title="Quneitra, Idlib">Quneitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Yousef" title="Sheikh Yousef">Sheikh Yousef</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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