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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Baloch_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Baloch_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Baloch culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Baloch_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Baloch_tribes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Baloch_tribes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Baloch tribes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Baloch_tribes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Baloch tribes subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Baloch_tribes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tradition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tradition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Tradition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tradition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Divisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Divisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Divisions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Divisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pakistan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pakistan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Pakistan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pakistan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tribalism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tribalism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Tribalism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tribalism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Genetics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Genetics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Genetics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Genetics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Religion-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Religion subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Islam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Islam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Islam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Islam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_religions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_religions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Other religions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_religions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable people subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pakistan_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pakistan_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Pakistan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pakistan_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_and_cited_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_and_cited_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>General and cited references</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_and_cited_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Baloch people</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 76 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-76" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">76 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beloetsje" title="Beloetsje – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Beloetsje" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B4" title="بلوش – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بلوش" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnia_baluchi" title="Etnia baluchi – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Etnia baluchi" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C9%99luclar" title="Bəluclar – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Bəluclar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%DA%86%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="بلوچلار – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بلوچلار" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9A_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="বালুচ জাতি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বালুচ জাতি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B" title="Белуджы – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Белуджы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B" title="Бэлуджы – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Бэлуджы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8" title="Белуджи – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Белуджи" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balu%C4%8Di" title="Baluči – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Baluči" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balutxis" title="Balutxis – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Balutxis" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Белуджсем – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Белуджсем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bal%C3%BA%C4%8Dov%C3%A9" title="Balúčové – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Balúčové" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belutschen" title="Belutschen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Belutschen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belut%C5%A1id" title="Belutšid – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Belutšid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%87%CE%BF%CE%B9" title="Μπαλούχοι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μπαλούχοι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baluch%C3%ADes" title="Baluchíes – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Baluchíes" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balu%C4%89oj" title="Baluĉoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Baluĉoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balutx" title="Balutx – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Balutx" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%85_%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%DA%86" title="مردم بلوچ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مردم بلوچ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baloutches" title="Baloutches – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Baloutches" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%9C%EB%A3%A8%EC%B9%98%EC%9D%B8" title="발루치인 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="발루치인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BB%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Բելուջներ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բելուջներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9A_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="बलोच लोग – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बलोच लोग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balud%C5%BEi" title="Baludži – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Baludži" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suku_Baloch" title="Suku Baloch – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Suku Baloch" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bal%C3%BAkar" title="Balúkar – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Balúkar" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beluci" title="Beluci – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Beluci" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A6%27%D7%99%D7%9D" title="בלוצ'ים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בלוצ'ים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%AF%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ბელუჯები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბელუჯები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Белудждер – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Белудждер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bel%C3%BB%C3%A7" title="Belûç – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Belûç" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Белуждар – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Белуждар" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belud%C5%BEi" title="Beludži – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Beludži" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belud%C5%BEiai" title="Beludžiai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Beludžiai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beludzsok" title="Beludzsok – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Beludzsok" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balotsy_(vahoaka)" title="Balotsy (vahoaka) – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Balotsy (vahoaka)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE" title="ബലൂചികൾ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബലൂചികൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%AF%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ბელუჯეფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ბელუჯეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B4" title="بلوش – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بلوش" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%DA%86" title="بلوچ – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="بلوچ" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87_%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Балуч ястан – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Балуч ястан" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beloetsjen" title="Beloetsjen – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Beloetsjen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%81%E4%BA%BA" title="バローチ人 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="バローチ人" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balutsjere" title="Balutsjere – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Balutsjere" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balutsjarar" title="Balutsjarar – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Balutsjarar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balujlar" title="Balujlar – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Balujlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%9A_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%95" title="ਬਲੋਚ ਲੋਕ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬਲੋਚ ਲੋਕ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%DA%86_%D9%84%D9%88%DA%A9" title="بلوچ لوک – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بلوچ لوک" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%DA%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="بلوڅان – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="بلوڅان" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belud%C5%BCowie" title="Beludżowie – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Beludżowie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bal%C3%BAchis" title="Balúchis – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Balúchis" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belu%C3%A7lar" title="Beluçlar – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Beluçlar" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8" title="Белуджи – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Белуджи" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%83" title="बलोचजनाः – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="बलोचजनाः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%B3%E1%B1%AA_%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%B2" title="ᱵᱚᱞᱳᱪ ᱦᱚᱲ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱵᱚᱞᱳᱪ ᱦᱚᱲ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baloch_people" title="Baloch people – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Baloch people" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%DA%86_%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%BB%DA%BE%D9%88" title="بلوچ ماڻھو – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="بلوچ ماڻھو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%95%D9%84%DB%86%DA%86%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="بەلۆچەکان – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بەلۆچەکان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%9F%D0%B8" title="Белуџи – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Белуџи" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balu%C4%8Di" title="Baluči – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Baluči" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baluchit" title="Baluchit – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Baluchit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balucher" title="Balucher – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Balucher" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D3%99%D0%BB%D2%AF%D2%97%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80" title="Бәлүҗләр – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Бәлүҗләр" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belu%C3%A7lar" title="Beluçlar – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Beluçlar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulu%C3%A7lar" title="Buluçlar – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Buluçlar" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%96" title="Белуджі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Белуджі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%DA%86_%D9%82%D9%88%D9%85" title="بلوچ قوم – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بلوچ قوم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Baloch" title="Người Baloch – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Người Baloch" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%BE%E8%B7%AF%E6%94%AF%E4%BA%BA" title="俾路支人 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="俾路支人" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A0l%C3%BA%E1%B9%A3%C3%AC" title="Bàlúṣì – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Bàlúṣì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%BE%E8%B7%AF%E6%94%AF%E4%BA%BA" title="俾路支人 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="俾路支人" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beluci" title="Beluci – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Beluci" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%BE%E8%B7%AF%E6%94%AF%E4%BA%BA" title="俾路支人 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="俾路支人" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_Beluci" title="Orang Beluci – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Orang Beluci" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jolma_Balochi" title="Jolma Balochi – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Jolma Balochi" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q201501#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Baloch</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above nickname" style="font-size:115%; font-weight:normal;"><div lang="bal">بلۏچ</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%87%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%DA%86_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%DA%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%87.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%87%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%DA%86_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%DA%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%87.jpg/220px-%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%87%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%DA%86_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%DA%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%87.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%87%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%DA%86_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%DA%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%87.jpg/330px-%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%87%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%DA%86_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%DA%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%87.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%87%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%DA%86_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%DA%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%87.jpg/440px-%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%87%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%DA%86_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%DA%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%87.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="1080" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">A group of Baloch men</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Total population</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <b>10 million</b></span> (2013)<sup id="cite_ref-The_Iran_Primer_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Iran_Primer-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>3–5 million Baloch-speakers (Brill, 2011)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Regions with significant populations</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></th><td class="infobox-data">8,117,795 (<a href="/wiki/2023_Pakistani_census" title="2023 Pakistani census">2023 census</a>) [only includes those who speak Balochi as mother tongue]<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2 million (2021)<sup id="cite_ref-Ir_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ir-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></th><td class="infobox-data">500,000<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></th><td class="infobox-data">500,000–600,000<sup id="cite_ref-DLIFLC_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DLIFLC-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></th><td class="infobox-data">36,000<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Languages</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Balochi_language" title="Balochi language">Balochi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brahui_language" title="Brahui language">Brahui</a>, various other languages of host regions spoken by splinter groups <p>Second language: </p> <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> (in Iran and Afghanistan), <a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a> (in Pakistan), <a href="/wiki/Pashto" title="Pashto">Pashto</a> (in Afghanistan), <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Religion</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Predominantly <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Star_and_Crescent.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Star_and_Crescent.svg/15px-Star_and_Crescent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Star_and_Crescent.svg/23px-Star_and_Crescent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Star_and_Crescent.svg/30px-Star_and_Crescent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="216" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> (mainly <a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni Islam</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Baloch</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="/tʃ/: 'ch' in 'China'">tʃ</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">bə-<span style="font-size:90%">LOHCH</span></i></a>) or <b>Baluch</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="/tʃ/: 'ch' in 'China'">tʃ</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">bə-<span style="font-size:90%">LOOCH</span></i></a>; <a href="/wiki/Balochi_language" title="Balochi language">Balochi</a>: <span lang="bal" dir="rtl">بلۏچ</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Balochi-language romanization"><i lang="bal-Latn">Balòc</i></span>, plural <span title="Balochi-language text"><span lang="bal" dir="rtl">بلۏچانٚ</span></span>) are a <a href="/wiki/Nomadic" class="mw-redirect" title="Nomadic">nomadic</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pastoralism" title="Pastoralism">pastoral</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ethnic group which speaks the <a href="/wiki/Western_Iranian" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Iranian">Western Iranic</a> <a href="/wiki/Balochi_language" title="Balochi language">Balochi language</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is native to the <a href="/wiki/Balochistan" title="Balochistan">Balochistan</a> region of <a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South</a> and <a href="/wiki/Western_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Asia">Western Asia</a>, encompassing the countries of <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>. There are also <a href="/wiki/Baloch_diaspora" title="Baloch diaspora">Baloch diaspora</a> communities in neighbouring regions, including in <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabian Peninsula</a>. </p><p>The majority of the Baloch reside within Pakistan. About 50% of the total Baloch population live in the Pakistani province of <a href="/wiki/Balochistan,_Pakistan" title="Balochistan, Pakistan">Balochistan</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while 40% are <a href="/wiki/Baloch_people_in_Sindh" title="Baloch people in Sindh">settled in Sindh</a> and a significant albeit smaller number reside in the <a href="/wiki/Baloch_people_in_Punjab" title="Baloch people in Punjab">Pakistani Punjab</a>. They make up 3.6% of Pakistan's total population, and around 2% of the populations of both Iran and Afghanistan.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2></div> <p>The exact origin of the word "Baloch" is unclear. According to the Baloch historian Naseer Dashti (2012), the name of the ethnic group derives from 'Balaschik' living in <a href="/wiki/Balasagan" title="Balasagan">Balasagan</a>, between the <a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lake_Van" title="Lake Van">Lake Van</a> in present-day Turkey and Azerbaijan, who are believed to have migrated to Balochistan during the <a href="/wiki/Sasanian_Empire" title="Sasanian Empire">Sasanian</a> times.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDashti,_The_Baloch_and_Balochistan20128,_33–34,_44_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDashti,_The_Baloch_and_Balochistan20128,_33–34,_44-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The remnants of the original name such as "Balochuk" and "Balochiki" are said to be still used as ethnic names in Balochistan.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDashti,_The_Baloch_and_Balochistan201233–34_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDashti,_The_Baloch_and_Balochistan201233–34-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some other writers suggest a derivation from <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskrit language">Sanskrit</a> words <i>bal</i>, meaning strength, and <i>och</i> meaning high or magnificent.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDashti,_The_Baloch_and_Balochistan201233–34_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDashti,_The_Baloch_and_Balochistan201233–34-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An earliest Sanskrit reference to the Baloch might be the Gwalior inscription of the <a href="/wiki/Gurjara-Pratihara" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurjara-Pratihara">Gurjara-Pratihara</a> ruler <a href="/wiki/Mihira_Bhoja" title="Mihira Bhoja">Mihira Bhoja</a> (r. 836–885), which says that the dynasty's founder <a href="/wiki/Nagabhata_I" title="Nagabhata I">Nagabhata I</a> repelled a powerful army of <i>Valacha Mlecchas</i>, translated as "Baluch foreigners" by <a href="/wiki/D._R._Bhandarkar" class="mw-redirect" title="D. R. Bhandarkar">D. R. Bhandarkar</a>. The army in question is that of the <a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Umayyad Caliphate">Umayyad Caliphate</a> after the conquest of <a href="/wiki/Sindh" title="Sindh">Sindh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Baloch_Khans.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Baloch_Khans.png/220px-Baloch_Khans.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Baloch_Khans.png/330px-Baloch_Khans.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Baloch_Khans.png/440px-Baloch_Khans.png 2x" data-file-width="2009" data-file-height="1297" /></a><figcaption>Sardar Ibrahim Khan Sanjrani, Baloch <a href="/wiki/Sardar" title="Sardar">Sardar</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sistan" title="Sistan">Sistan</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1884</span></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Nautch_in_the_Palace_of_the_Ameer_of_Sind.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/A_Nautch_in_the_Palace_of_the_Ameer_of_Sind.jpg/220px-A_Nautch_in_the_Palace_of_the_Ameer_of_Sind.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/A_Nautch_in_the_Palace_of_the_Ameer_of_Sind.jpg/330px-A_Nautch_in_the_Palace_of_the_Ameer_of_Sind.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/A_Nautch_in_the_Palace_of_the_Ameer_of_Sind.jpg/440px-A_Nautch_in_the_Palace_of_the_Ameer_of_Sind.jpg 2x" data-file-width="859" data-file-height="712" /></a><figcaption>Palace of the Baloch <a href="/wiki/Emir" title="Emir">Emir</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sindh" title="Sindh">Sindh</a> in 1808</figcaption></figure> <p>According to Baloch lore, their ancestors hail from <a href="/wiki/Aleppo" title="Aleppo">Aleppo</a> in what is now <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They claim to be descendants of <a href="/wiki/Hamza_ibn_Abdul-Muttalib" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamza ibn Abdul-Muttalib">Ameer Hamza</a>, uncle of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, who settled in Halab, present-day <a href="/wiki/Aleppo" title="Aleppo">Aleppo</a>. After the fight against second <a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Umayyad Caliphate">Umayyad</a> Caliph <a href="/wiki/Yazid_I" title="Yazid I">Yazid I</a> at <a href="/wiki/Karbala" title="Karbala">Karbala</a> in 680, in which Ameer Hamza's descendants supported and fought alongside <a href="/wiki/Husayn_ibn_Ali" title="Husayn ibn Ali">Husayn ibn Ali</a>, descendants of Ameer Hamza migrated to east or southeast of the central <a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian region</a>, specially toward <a href="/wiki/Sistan" title="Sistan">Sistan</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Iran. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Dayaram_Gidumal" title="Dayaram Gidumal">Dayaram Gidumal</a> writes that a Balochi legend is backed up by the medieval <a href="/wiki/Qarmatians" title="Qarmatians">Qarmatians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fact that the <a href="/wiki/Kalmati" title="Kalmati">Kalmatis</a> were ethnic Baluchis is also confirmed by the Persian historian in the 16th century <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Qasim_Ferishta" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Qasim Ferishta">Muhammad Qasim Ferishta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to another historian <i>Ali Sher Kanei</i>, the author of Tuhfatul Kiram, in his history written in 1774 A.D, he believes that only the <a href="/wiki/Rind_(tribe)" title="Rind (tribe)">Rind tribe</a> from <a href="/wiki/Jalal_Khan" title="Jalal Khan">Jalal Khan</a>, a descendant of Muhammad ibn Harun, nicknamed Makurani, is a direct descendant of <a href="/wiki/Hamza_ibn_Abdul-Muttalib" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamza ibn Abdul-Muttalib">Hamza</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Based on an analysis of the linguistic connections of the Balochi language, which is one of the <a href="/wiki/Western_Iranian_languages" title="Western Iranian languages">Western Iranian languages</a>, the original homeland of the Balochi tribes was likely to the east or southeast of the central <a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian</a> region. The Baloch began migrating towards the east in the late <a href="/wiki/Sasanian" class="mw-redirect" title="Sasanian">Sasanian</a> period. The cause of the migration is unknown but may have been as a result of the generally unstable conditions in the Caspian area. The migrations occurred over several centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the 9th century, <a href="/wiki/Arab_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab people">Arab</a> writers refer to the Baloch as living in the area between <a href="/wiki/Kerman" title="Kerman">Kerman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greater_Khorasan" title="Greater Khorasan">Khorasan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sistan" title="Sistan">Sistan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Makran" title="Makran">Makran</a> in what is now eastern Iran.<sup id="cite_ref-Spooner_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spooner-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although they kept flocks of sheep, the Baloches also engaged in plundering travelers on the desert routes. This brought them into conflict with the <a href="/wiki/Buyids" class="mw-redirect" title="Buyids">Buyids</a>, and later the <a href="/wiki/Ghaznavids" title="Ghaznavids">Ghaznavids</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Seljuqs" class="mw-redirect" title="Seljuqs">Seljuqs</a>. <a href="/wiki/Adud_al-Dawla" class="mw-redirect" title="Adud al-Dawla">Adud al-Dawla</a> of the Buyid dynasty launched a punitive campaign against them and defeated them in 971–972.<sup id="cite_ref-Breseeg_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Breseeg-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After this, the Baloch continued their eastward migration towards what is now the Balochistan province of Pakistan, although some remained behind and there are still Baloch in the eastern parts of the Iranian <a href="/wiki/Sistan_and_Baluchestan_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Sistan and Baluchestan Province">Sistan-Baluchestan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kerman_province" title="Kerman province">Kerman</a> provinces. Upon arrival, various people's of non-Baloch origins<sup id="cite_ref-a_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> were absorbed into the Baloch tribal system, which has been a major phenomenon throughout the history of Baloch people, and today a significant Baloch population in Pakistan has diverse origins.<sup id="cite_ref-Breseeg_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Breseeg-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the 13th–14th centuries, waves of Baloch were moving into Sindh, and by the 15th century into the Punjab.<sup id="cite_ref-Spooner_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spooner-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to Dr. Akhtar Baloch, professor at <a href="/wiki/University_of_Karachi" title="University of Karachi">University of Karachi</a>, the Balochis migrated from <a href="/wiki/Balochistan_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Balochistan region">Balochistan</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Little_Ice_Age" title="Little Ice Age">Little Ice Age</a> and settled in <a href="/wiki/Sindh" title="Sindh">Sindh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_Pakistan" title="Punjab, Pakistan">Punjab</a>. The Little Ice Age is conventionally defined as a period extending from the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries,<sup id="cite_ref-Mann2003_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mann2003-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lamb1972_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lamb1972-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NASA_Glossary_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NASA_Glossary-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or alternatively, from about 1300<sup id="cite_ref-miller2012_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-miller2012-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to about 1850.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although climatologists and historians working with local records no longer expect to agree on either the start or end dates of this period, which varied according to local conditions. According to Professor Baloch, the climate of Balochistan was very cold and the region was inhabitable during the winter so the Baloch people migrated in waves and settled in <a href="/wiki/Sindh" title="Sindh">Sindh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_Pakistan" title="Punjab, Pakistan">Punjab</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The area where the Baloch tribes settled was disputed between the <a href="/wiki/Persian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian people">Persian</a> <a href="/wiki/Safavids" class="mw-redirect" title="Safavids">Safavids</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Mughal_emperors" class="mw-redirect" title="Mughal emperors">Mughal emperors</a>. Although the Mughals managed to establish some control over the eastern parts of the area, by the 17th century, a tribal <a href="/wiki/Brahui_people" title="Brahui people">Brahui</a> leader named Mir Hasan established himself as the first "Khan of the Baloch". In 1666, he was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_I_(Kalat)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahmad I (Kalat)">Mir Aḥmad Khan Qambarani</a> who established the <a href="/wiki/Khanate_of_Kalat" title="Khanate of Kalat">Khanate of Kalat</a> under the Ahmadzai dynasty.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Originally in alliance with the Mughals, the Khanate lost its autonomy in 1839 with the signing of a treaty with the <a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British colonial government</a> and the region effectively became part of the <a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Raj</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Spooner_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spooner-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Baloch_culture">Baloch culture</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Balochistan" title="Culture of Balochistan">Culture of Balochistan</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Balochi_clothing" title="Balochi clothing">Balochi clothing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baloch_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Baloch cuisine">Baloch cuisine</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Chaap" title="Chaap">Chaap</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Traditional_dance_of_Baloch_tribes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Traditional_dance_of_Baloch_tribes.jpg/220px-Traditional_dance_of_Baloch_tribes.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Traditional_dance_of_Baloch_tribes.jpg/330px-Traditional_dance_of_Baloch_tribes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Traditional_dance_of_Baloch_tribes.jpg/440px-Traditional_dance_of_Baloch_tribes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3640" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>Baloch men performing a traditional dance.</figcaption></figure> <p>Gold ornaments such as necklaces and bracelets are an important aspect of Baloch women's traditions and among their most favoured items of jewellery are <i>dorr</i>, heavy earrings that are fastened to the head with gold chains so that the heavy weight will not cause harm to the ears. They usually wear a gold brooch (<i>tasni</i>) that is made by local jewellers in different shapes and sizes and is used to fasten the two parts of the dress together over the chest.<sup id="cite_ref-Baloch_Society_&_culture_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baloch_Society_&_culture-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In ancient times, especially during the pre-Islamic era, it was common for Baloch women to perform <a href="/wiki/Chaap" title="Chaap">dances</a> and sing <a href="/wiki/Balochi_music" title="Balochi music">folk songs</a> at different events. The tradition of a Baloch mother singing lullabies to her children has played an important role in the transfer of knowledge from generation to generation since ancient times. Apart from the dressing style of the Baloch, indigenous and local traditions and customs are also of great importance to the Baloch.<sup id="cite_ref-Baloch_Society_&_culture_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baloch_Society_&_culture-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Baloch Culture Day is celebrated by the Balochi people annually on 2 March with festivities to celebrate their rich culture and history.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Baloch_tribes">Baloch tribes</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Baloch_tribes" title="List of Baloch tribes">List of Baloch tribes</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Major_ethnic_groups_of_Pakistan_in_1980_borders_removed.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Major_ethnic_groups_of_Pakistan_in_1980_borders_removed.jpg/220px-Major_ethnic_groups_of_Pakistan_in_1980_borders_removed.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Major_ethnic_groups_of_Pakistan_in_1980_borders_removed.jpg/330px-Major_ethnic_groups_of_Pakistan_in_1980_borders_removed.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Major_ethnic_groups_of_Pakistan_in_1980_borders_removed.jpg/440px-Major_ethnic_groups_of_Pakistan_in_1980_borders_removed.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="928" /></a><figcaption>Baloch-inhabited areas of Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Iran (pink) in 1980</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tradition">Tradition</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Baloch_Man_in_Sindhi_traditional_pantaloon_style_1845.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Baloch_Man_in_Sindhi_traditional_pantaloon_style_1845.jpg/220px-Baloch_Man_in_Sindhi_traditional_pantaloon_style_1845.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="268" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Baloch_Man_in_Sindhi_traditional_pantaloon_style_1845.jpg/330px-Baloch_Man_in_Sindhi_traditional_pantaloon_style_1845.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Baloch_Man_in_Sindhi_traditional_pantaloon_style_1845.jpg 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="426" /></a><figcaption>Baloch man in Sindhi traditional pantaloon-style Sindhi <a href="/wiki/Shalwar" class="mw-redirect" title="Shalwar">shalwar</a>, 1845</figcaption></figure> <p>Traditionally, <a href="/wiki/Jalal_Khan" title="Jalal Khan">Jalal Khan</a> was the ruler and founder of the first Balochi confederacy in 12th century. (He may be the same as <a href="/wiki/Jalal_ad-Din_Mingburnu" class="mw-redirect" title="Jalal ad-Din Mingburnu">Jalal ad-Din Mingburnu</a> the last ruler of the <a href="/wiki/Khwarezmian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Khwarezmian Empire">Khwarezmian Empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) Jalal Khan left four sons – <a href="/wiki/Rind_Khan" class="mw-redirect" title="Rind Khan">Rind Khan</a>, Lashar Khan, <a href="/wiki/King_Hoth_Baloch" class="mw-redirect" title="King Hoth Baloch">Hoth Khan</a>, Korai Khan and a daughter, Bibi Jato, who married his nephew Murad.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Divisions">Divisions</h3></div> <p>As of 2008 it was estimated that there were between eight and nine million Baloch people living in Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan. They were subdivided between over 130 tribes.<sup id="cite_ref-Tahir2008_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tahir2008-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some estimates put the figure at over 150 tribes, though estimates vary depending on how subtribes are counted.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The tribes, known as <i>taman</i>, are led by a tribal chief, the <a href="/wiki/Tumandar" title="Tumandar">tumandar</a>. Subtribes, known as paras, are led by a muqaddam.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Five Baloch tribes derive their names from Khan's children. Many, if not all, Baloch tribes can be categorized as either Rind or Lashari based on their actual descent or historical tribal allegiances that developed into cross-generational relationships.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> This basic division was accentuated by a war lasting 30 years between the Rind and Lashari tribes in the 15th century.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pakistan">Pakistan</h3></div> <p>In 2008, there were 180,000 <a href="/wiki/Bugti" title="Bugti">Bugti</a> based in <a href="/wiki/Dera_Bugti_District" title="Dera Bugti District">Dera Bugti District</a>. They are divided between the Rahija Bugti, Masori Bugti, Kalpar Bugti, Marehta Bugti and other sub-tribes.<sup id="cite_ref-Tahir2008_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tahir2008-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-piia2006_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-piia2006-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#What_information_to_include" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="A complete citation is needed. (January 2016)">full citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Nawab_Akbar_Khan_Bugti" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab Akbar Khan Bugti">Nawab Akbar Khan Bugti</a> led the Bugti as Tumandar until his death in 2006. Talal Akbar Bugti was the tribal leader and President of the <a href="/wiki/Jamhoori_Watan_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Jamhoori Watan Party">Jamhoori Watan Party</a> from 2006 until his death in 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-pktrib20150427_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pktrib20150427-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are 98,000 <a href="/wiki/Marri_(tribe)" title="Marri (tribe)">Marri</a> based in <a href="/wiki/Kohlo" class="mw-redirect" title="Kohlo">Kohlo</a> district in 2008,<sup id="cite_ref-Tahir2008_47-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tahir2008-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who further divide themselves into Gazni Marri, Bejarani Marri, and Zarkon Marri.<sup id="cite_ref-Tahir2008_47-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tahir2008-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The text near this tag is dated. (January 2024)">needs update</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tribalism">Tribalism</h3></div> <p>Violent intertribal competition has prevented any credible attempt at <a href="/wiki/Baloch_nationalism" title="Baloch nationalism">creating a nation-state</a>. A myriad of militant secessionist movements, each loyal to their own tribal leader, threatens regional security and political stability.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Genetics">Genetics</h2></div> <p>For most Balochs, <a href="/wiki/Haplogroup_R1a" title="Haplogroup R1a">haplogroup R1a</a> is the most common paternal <a href="/wiki/Clade" title="Clade">clade</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Haplogroup_L-M20" title="Haplogroup L-M20">Haplogroup L-M20</a> is the most common paternal clade in <a href="/wiki/Makran" title="Makran">Makran</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religion">Religion</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Balochistan" title="Hinduism in Balochistan">Hinduism in Balochistan</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_ride_to_India_across_Persia_and_Baluchistan_(1891)_(14782067294).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/A_ride_to_India_across_Persia_and_Baluchistan_%281891%29_%2814782067294%29.jpg/220px-A_ride_to_India_across_Persia_and_Baluchistan_%281891%29_%2814782067294%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/A_ride_to_India_across_Persia_and_Baluchistan_%281891%29_%2814782067294%29.jpg/330px-A_ride_to_India_across_Persia_and_Baluchistan_%281891%29_%2814782067294%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/A_ride_to_India_across_Persia_and_Baluchistan_%281891%29_%2814782067294%29.jpg/440px-A_ride_to_India_across_Persia_and_Baluchistan_%281891%29_%2814782067294%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2288" data-file-height="1634" /></a><figcaption>A <i>zigri</i>, a type of religious dance, in Gwarjak in 1891</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Islam">Islam</h3></div> <p>The majority of the Baloch people in Pakistan are Sunni Muslims: 64.78% belong to the <a href="/wiki/Deobandi" class="mw-redirect" title="Deobandi">Deobandi</a> movement, 33.38% to the <a href="/wiki/Barelvi" class="mw-redirect" title="Barelvi">Barelvi</a> movement, and 1.25% to the <a href="/wiki/Ahl-i_Hadith" title="Ahl-i Hadith">Ahl-i Hadith</a> movement.<sup id="cite_ref-nsuworks.nova.edu_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nsuworks.nova.edu-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Shia" class="mw-redirect" title="Shia">Shia</a> Muslims comprise 0.59% of Balochs.<sup id="cite_ref-nsuworks.nova.edu_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nsuworks.nova.edu-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although Baloch leaders, backed by traditional scholarship, have held that the Baloch people are secular, <a href="/wiki/Christine_Fair" class="mw-redirect" title="Christine Fair">Christine Fair</a> and Ali Hamza found during their 2017 study that, when it comes to <a href="/wiki/Islamism" title="Islamism">Islamism</a>, "contrary to the conventional wisdom, Baloch are generally indistinguishable from other Pakistanis in Balochistan or the rest of Pakistan". There are virtually no statistically significant or substantive differences between Balochi Muslims and other Muslims in Pakistan in terms of religiosity, support for a sharia-compliant Pakistan state, liberating Muslims from oppression, etc.<sup id="cite_ref-nsuworks.nova.edu_55-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nsuworks.nova.edu-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2020, 800,000 Pakistani Balochis were estimated to follow the <a href="/wiki/Zikri" class="mw-redirect" title="Zikri">Zikri</a> sect.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_religions">Other religions</h3></div> <p>A small number of Balochs are non-Muslims, particularly in the <a href="/wiki/Bugti" title="Bugti">Bugti</a> clan which has <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sikh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh">Sikh</a> members.<sup id="cite_ref-HingolTemple_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HingolTemple-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are Hindu Balochs in the <a href="/wiki/Bugti" title="Bugti">Bugti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marri_(tribe)" title="Marri (tribe)">Marri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rind_(tribe)" title="Rind (tribe)">Rind</a>, Bezenjo, <a href="/wiki/Zehri" title="Zehri">Zehri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mengal" title="Mengal">Mengal</a> and other Baloch tribes.<sup id="cite_ref-HinduFamilies_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HinduFamilies-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Bhagnaris" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhagnaris">Bhagnaris</a> are a Hindu Baloch community living in India<sup id="cite_ref-BalochMumbai_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BalochMumbai-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who trace their origin to southern Balochistan but migrated to India during the <a href="/wiki/Partition_of_India" title="Partition of India">Partition</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BalochPartition_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BalochPartition-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pakistan_2">Pakistan</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Aziz_(Pakistani_cleric)" title="Abdul Aziz (Pakistani cleric)">Maulana Abdul Aziz</a>, (born 1960), Imam of <a href="/wiki/Lal_Masjid,_Islamabad" title="Lal Masjid, Islamabad">Red Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabi_Bakhsh_Baloch" title="Nabi Bakhsh Baloch">Nabi Bakhsh Baloch</a> (1917–2011), research scholar, historian, educationist and linguist in <a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a>, English, <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sindhi_language" title="Sindhi language">Sindhi</a> languages.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aftab_Baloch" title="Aftab Baloch">Aftab Baloch</a> (1953–2022), a former Pakistani cricketer.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Qadir_Baloch" title="Abdul Qadir Baloch">Abdul Qadir Baloch</a> (born 1945), a retired General in the Pakistan army. Currently a Pakistani politician.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahnoor_Baloch" title="Mahnoor Baloch">Mahnoor Baloch</a> (born 1970), Canadian Pakistani actress.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naz_Baloch" title="Naz Baloch">Naz Baloch</a> (born 1981), Pakistani female politician.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quratulain_Balouch" title="Quratulain Balouch">Quratulain Balouch</a>, Pakistani American singer and songwriter.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiran_Baluch" title="Kiran Baluch">Kiran Maqsood Baluch</a> (born 1978), a Pakistani woman cricketer.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akbar_Bugti" title="Akbar Bugti">Akbar Bugti</a> (1926–2006), the former Tumandar of the Bugti tribe and Minister of State of Balochistan Province.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarfraz_Bugti" title="Sarfraz Bugti">Sarfraz Bugti</a> (born 1981), former member of the Pakistani Senate and current chief minister of Balochistan.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Usman_Buzdar" title="Usman Buzdar">Sardar Usman Buzdar</a> (born 1969), former chief minister of Punjab province.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eva_B" title="Eva B">Eva B</a>, hip hop rapper and singer.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Rashid_Ghazi" title="Abdul Rashid Ghazi">Abdul Rashid Ghazi</a> (1964–2007), Pakistani diplomat and cleric<sup id="cite_ref-:3_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Abdullah_Ghazi" title="Muhammad Abdullah Ghazi">Maulana Muhammad Abdullah</a> (1935–1998), Islamic scholar who served as Chairman of <a href="/wiki/Ruet-e-Hilal_Committee" title="Ruet-e-Hilal Committee">Ruet-e-Hilal Committee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mir_Jafar_Khan_Jamali" class="mw-redirect" title="Mir Jafar Khan Jamali">Mir Jafar Khan Jamali</a> (1911–1967), a veteran politician from <a href="/wiki/All-India_Muslim_League" title="All-India Muslim League">Muslim League</a> and a tribal leader from Balochistan<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zafarullah_Khan_Jamali" title="Zafarullah Khan Jamali">Zafarullah Khan Jamali</a> (1944–2020), the 15th prime minister of Pakistan.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaifi_Khalil" title="Kaifi Khalil">Kaifi Khalil</a> (born 1996), singer-songwriter.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardar_Muhammad_Ayub_Khan" title="Sardar Muhammad Ayub Khan">Sardar Mohammad Ayub Khan Gadhi</a>, (born 1961) <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Provincial_Assembly" title="Member of the Provincial Assembly">Member of the Provincial Assembly</a> and ex-Minister for Counter Terrorism Punjab.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulfiqar_Ali_Khosa" title="Zulfiqar Ali Khosa">Zulfiqar Ali Khosa</a> (born 1935), a former governor of Punjab province.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latif_Khosa" title="Latif Khosa">Latif Khosa</a> (born 1946), a former Governor of Punjab.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asif_Saeed_Khan_Khosa" class="mw-redirect" title="Asif Saeed Khan Khosa">Asif Saeed Khan Khosa</a> (born 1954), the 26th chief justice of Pakistan.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mir_Hazar_Khan_Khoso" title="Mir Hazar Khan Khoso">Mir Hazar Khan Khoso</a> (1929–2021), jurist and <a href="/wiki/Caretaker_prime_minister_of_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Caretaker prime minister of Pakistan">caretaker prime minister of Pakistan</a> from 25 March to 5 June 2013.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Muqeem_Khan_Khoso" title="Muhammad Muqeem Khan Khoso">Muhammad Muqeem Khan Khoso</a> (1949–2016), a former Chief Sardar of the Khoso Tribe and former Member of the Provincial Assembly from PS-14 Jacobabad.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bilal_Lashari" title="Bilal Lashari">Bilal Lashari</a> (born 1981), Pakistani filmmaker, cinematographer, screenwriter and actor.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farooq_Leghari" title="Farooq Leghari">Farooq Leghari</a> (1940–2010), the 8th president of Pakistan.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasnain_Lehri" title="Hasnain Lehri">Hasnain Lehri</a> (born 1989), Pakistani actor and model.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khair_Bakhsh_Marri" title="Khair Bakhsh Marri">Khair Bakhsh Marri</a> (1928–2014), was a Baloch politician from the province of <a href="/wiki/Balochistan_(Pakistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Balochistan (Pakistan)">Balochistan</a> in Pakistan.<sup id="cite_ref-Dawn_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dawn-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherbaz_Khan_Mazari" title="Sherbaz Khan Mazari">Sherbaz Khan Mazari</a> (1930–2020), a Baluch veteran politician.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shireen_Mazari" title="Shireen Mazari">Shireen Mazari</a> (born 1949), the federal minister for human rights and a member of Pakistan <a href="/wiki/Tehreek-e-Insaf" class="mw-redirect" title="Tehreek-e-Insaf">Tehreek-e-Insaf</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muniba_Mazari" title="Muniba Mazari">Muniba Mazari</a> (born 1987), human rights activist, artist and motivational speaker.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balakh_Sher_Mazari" title="Balakh Sher Mazari">Sardar Mir Balakh Sher Mazari</a> (1928–2022), the interim prime minister of Pakistan in a 1993 caretaker government.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yasir_Nawaz" title="Yasir Nawaz">Yasir Nawaz</a> (born 1970), director, producer, screenwriter and actor.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_Nawaz" title="Danish Nawaz">Danish Nawaz</a> (born 1978), television actor, director and comedian.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siraj_Raisani" title="Siraj Raisani">Siraj Raisani</a> (1963–2018), a member of <a href="/wiki/Balochistan_Awami_Party" title="Balochistan Awami Party">Balochistan Awami Party</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is also a recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Sitara-e-Shujaat" title="Sitara-e-Shujaat">Sitara-e-Shujaat</a> (star of bravery).<sup id="cite_ref-militaryawards_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-militaryawards-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mir_Chakar_Rind" title="Mir Chakar Rind">Mir Chakar Rind</a>, (1468–1565), Baloch folk hero</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asif_Ali_Zardari" title="Asif Ali Zardari">Asif Ali Zardari</a> (born 1955), the 11th and 14th president of Pakistan.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanaullah_Khan_Zehri" title="Sanaullah Khan Zehri">Sanaullah Khan Zehri</a> (born 1961), the 15th chief minister of Balochistan.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baloch_of_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Baloch of Iran">Baloch of Iran</a></li> <li>Baloch of Pakistan <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baloch_people_in_Punjab" title="Baloch people in Punjab">Baloch people in Punjab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baloch_people_in_Sindh" title="Baloch people in Sindh">Baloch people in Sindh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baloch_people_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Baloch people in the United Arab Emirates">Baloch people in the United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baloch_of_Turkmenistan" title="Baloch of Turkmenistan">Baloch of Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omani_Baloch" title="Omani Baloch">Baloch of Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baloch_people_in_India" title="Baloch people in India">Baloch people in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Balushi" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Balushi">Al Balushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balochi_cuisine" title="Balochi cuisine">Balochi cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Iranian_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Iranian peoples">Indo-Iranian peoples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baloch_nationalism" title="Baloch nationalism">Baloch nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1898_Baloch_uprising" title="1898 Baloch uprising">1898 Baloch uprising</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A number of unrelated tribes with the name <i>Ahmadzai</i> exist.<sup id="cite_ref-Iranica_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iranica-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are two <a href="/wiki/Pashtuns" title="Pashtuns">Pashtun</a> tribes who are unrelated to each other with this name: the <a href="/wiki/Ahmadzai_(Wazir_clan)" title="Ahmadzai (Wazir clan)">Ahmadzai</a> who are a <a href="/wiki/Wazir_(Pashtun_tribe)" title="Wazir (Pashtun tribe)">Waziri tribe</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Sulaimankhel" title="Sulaimankhel">Sulaimankhel</a> <a href="/wiki/Ahmadzai_(Ghilji_clan)" title="Ahmadzai (Ghilji clan)">Ahmadzai</a>, part of the <a href="/wiki/Ghilzai" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghilzai">Ghilzai</a> confederation.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the Ahmadzai Khans of Khalat were neither of these and belonged to a <a href="/wiki/Brahui_people" title="Brahui people">Brahui</a> tribe.<sup id="cite_ref-BrunsMiggelbrink2011_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BrunsMiggelbrink2011-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Minahan2012_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Minahan2012-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Axmann2008_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Axmann2008-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-a-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-a_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Brahuis" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahuis">Brahuis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jadgals" class="mw-redirect" title="Jadgals">Jadgals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jats_of_Balochistan" title="Jats of Balochistan">Jats</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-The_Iran_Primer-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_Iran_Primer_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iranprimer.usip.org/blog/2013/sep/03/iran-minorities-2-ethnic-diversity">"Iran Minorities 2: Ethnic Diversity"</a>. <i>The Iran Primer</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Institute_of_Peace" title="United States Institute of Peace">United States Institute of Peace</a>. 3 September 2013. <q>Baluchis number between 4 million in Iran. They are part of a wider regional population of about 10 million spread across Iran, Pakistan, and Afghanistan.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Iran+Primer&rft.atitle=Iran+Minorities+2%3A+Ethnic+Diversity&rft.date=2013-09-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Firanprimer.usip.org%2Fblog%2F2013%2Fsep%2F03%2Firan-minorities-2-ethnic-diversity&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpooner2011" class="citation book cs1">Spooner, Brian (2011). "10. Balochi: Towards a Biography of the Language". In Schiffman, Harold F. (ed.). <i>Language Policy and Language Conflict in Afghanistan and Its Neighbors</i>. Brill. p. 319. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9004201453" title="Special:BookSources/978-9004201453"><bdi>978-9004201453</bdi></a>. <q>It [Balochi] is spoken by three to five million people in Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan, Oman and the Persian Gulf states, Turkmenistan, East Africa, and diaspora communities in other parts of the world.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=10.+Balochi%3A+Towards+a+Biography+of+the+Language&rft.btitle=Language+Policy+and+Language+Conflict+in+Afghanistan+and+Its+Neighbors&rft.pages=319&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-9004201453&rft.aulast=Spooner&rft.aufirst=Brian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241005130123/https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/national/table_11.pdf">"TABLE 11 : POPULATION BY MOTHER TONGUE, SEX, and RURAL/URBAN - 2023 Census"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/national/table_11.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 5 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TABLE+11+%3A+POPULATION+BY+MOTHER+TONGUE%2C+SEX%2C+and+RURAL%2FURBAN+-+2023+Census&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.gov.pk%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fpopulation%2F2023%2Ftables%2Fnational%2Ftable_11.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ir-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ir_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/country/IR/">"Ethnologue report of Languages of Iran (2023)"</a>. Ethnologue<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ethnologue+report+of+Languages+of+Iran+%282023%29&rft.pub=Ethnologue&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ethnologue.com%2Fcountry%2FIR%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DLIFLC-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DLIFLC_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fieldsupport.dliflc.edu/products/balochi/bt_co/website/balochi.pdf">"Cultural Orientation Balochi"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Defense_Language_Institute_Foreign_Language_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center">Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center</a>. 2019. p. 111. <q>An estimated 500,000–600,000 Baloch live in southern Afghanistan, concentrated in southern Nimroz Province, and to a lesser degree in Helmand and Kandahar provinces.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cultural+Orientation+Balochi&rft.pages=111&rft.pub=Defense+Language+Institute+Foreign+Language+Center&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffieldsupport.dliflc.edu%2Fproducts%2Fbalochi%2Fbt_co%2Fwebsite%2Fbalochi.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLongSinghSamadTalbot2015" class="citation book cs1">Long, Roger D.; Singh, Gurharpal; Samad, Yunas; Talbot, Ian (8 October 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nzivCgAAQBAJ&dq=baloch+million+Afghanistan&pg=PA129"><i>State and Nation-Building in Pakistan: Beyond Islam and Security</i></a>. Routledge. p. 129. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-317-44820-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-317-44820-4"><bdi>978-1-317-44820-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=State+and+Nation-Building+in+Pakistan%3A+Beyond+Islam+and+Security&rft.pages=129&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2015-10-08&rft.isbn=978-1-317-44820-4&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=Roger+D.&rft.au=Singh%2C+Gurharpal&rft.au=Samad%2C+Yunas&rft.au=Talbot%2C+Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnzivCgAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dbaloch%2Bmillion%2BAfghanistan%26pg%3DPA129&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaura2011" class="citation book cs1">Laura, Etheredge (15 January 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IM6J4sgCU28C&dq=Baloch+nomads&pg=PA66"><i>Persian Gulf States: Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, Oman, and the United Arab Emirates</i></a>. The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. p. 66. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61530-327-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61530-327-4"><bdi>978-1-61530-327-4</bdi></a>. <q>The <b>Baloch</b> are traditionally <b>nomads</b>, but settled agricultural existence is becoming more common; every chief has a fixed residence. The villages are collections of mud or stone huts; on the hills, enclosures of rough stone walls are covered with matting to serve as temporary habitations. The Baloch raise <b>camels, cattle, sheep, and goats</b> and engage in carpet making and embroidery. They engage in agriculture using simple methods and are chiefly Muslim.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Persian+Gulf+States%3A+Kuwait%2C+Qatar%2C+Bahrain%2C+Oman%2C+and+the+United+Arab+Emirates&rft.pages=66&rft.pub=The+Rosen+Publishing+Group%2C+Inc&rft.date=2011-01-15&rft.isbn=978-1-61530-327-4&rft.aulast=Laura&rft.aufirst=Etheredge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIM6J4sgCU28C%26dq%3DBaloch%2Bnomads%26pg%3DPA66&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBashirCrews2012" class="citation book cs1">Bashir, Shahzad; Crews, Robert D. (28 May 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=o1jvYqOkC0YC&dq=Baloch+nomads&pg=PA140"><i>Under the Drones</i></a>. Harvard University Press. p. 140. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-06476-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-06476-8"><bdi>978-0-674-06476-8</bdi></a>. <q>In southwestern Afghanistan the <b>Baloch</b> have traditionally been <b>nomads</b>, and some of them continue to lead a <b>nomadic</b> way of life today. Over the course of the twentieth century most Baloch settled down in the southwest and started a sedentary way of life based on pastoralism and irrigated agriculture. Repeated droughts during the last two decades caused many Baloch to give up livestock farming and agriculture,</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Under+the+Drones&rft.pages=140&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2012-05-28&rft.isbn=978-0-674-06476-8&rft.aulast=Bashir&rft.aufirst=Shahzad&rft.au=Crews%2C+Robert+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Do1jvYqOkC0YC%26dq%3DBaloch%2Bnomads%26pg%3DPA140&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGayer2014" class="citation book cs1">Gayer, Laurent (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BklRBAAAQBAJ&dq=Baloch+nomads&pg=PA128"><i>Karachi: Ordered Disorder and the Struggle for the City</i></a>. Oxford University Press. pp. 127_128. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-935444-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-935444-3"><bdi>978-0-19-935444-3</bdi></a>. <q>Lyari's first residents were Sindhi fishermen and <b>Baloch nomads</b> (pawans) from Makran, Lasbela and Kalat districts, flee- ing drought and tribal feuds. A first influx occurred around 1725, a few years before Sindhi banyas settled in Karachi and committed to expand it. A second wave of Baloch settlers arrived around 1770, when Karachi came under the control of the Khan of Kalat, following an accord between the Khan and the Kalhora rulers of Sindh. A third wave of Baloch migra- tion took place after 1795, following the annexation of the city by the Talpur rulers of Sindh, which attracted Baloch tribesmen from interior Sindh and the Seraiki belt, many of whom found employment as guards, particularly at the Manora fort.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Karachi%3A+Ordered+Disorder+and+the+Struggle+for+the+City&rft.pages=127_128&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-19-935444-3&rft.aulast=Gayer&rft.aufirst=Laurent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBklRBAAAQBAJ%26dq%3DBaloch%2Bnomads%26pg%3DPA128&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShahrani2018" class="citation book cs1">Shahrani, M. Nazif (10 February 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wRlZDwAAQBAJ&dq=Baloch+nomads&pg=PA278"><i>Modern Afghanistan: The Impact of 40 Years of War</i></a>. Indiana University Press. p. 276. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-253-03026-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-253-03026-9"><bdi>978-0-253-03026-9</bdi></a>. <q>According to one of the members of the group's lead- ing (Sardar) family whom I met in Pakistan in 2012, the reason for abandoning the settlements in southern Nimruz was that the Sanjerani landowners were threatened by the "communist regime" in Afghanistan in the 1980s. So the Sanjerani moved almost completely to Baloch areas in Pakistan and Iran. At the same time the Brahui, <b>Baloch groups of pastoral nomads</b>, established the main local mujahideen faction, the Jabhe-ye Nimruz and took over most of the for- mer property of the Sanjerani (see below).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Modern+Afghanistan%3A+The+Impact+of+40+Years+of+War&rft.pages=276&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=2018-02-10&rft.isbn=978-0-253-03026-9&rft.aulast=Shahrani&rft.aufirst=M.+Nazif&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwRlZDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3DBaloch%2Bnomads%26pg%3DPA278&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNahyanHussainGhafoor2019" class="citation book cs1">Nahyan, Mansoor Bin Tahnoon Al; Hussain, Jamal; Ghafoor, Asad ul (9 May 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IICXDwAAQBAJ&dq=Baloch+pastoral+people&pg=PA73"><i>Tribes of Pakistan</i></a>. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 73. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5275-3439-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5275-3439-1"><bdi>978-1-5275-3439-1</bdi></a>. <q>The <b>Baloch</b>, like the Brahuis, are divided geographically into two groups, the Suleimani (northerners) and the Makrani (southerners) occupying the respective parts of the province, with the central areas inhabited by the Brahuis." Historically, they have also been a nomadic <b>pastoral</b> people living in the open and avoiding towns.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tribes+of+Pakistan&rft.pages=73&rft.pub=Cambridge+Scholars+Publishing&rft.date=2019-05-09&rft.isbn=978-1-5275-3439-1&rft.aulast=Nahyan&rft.aufirst=Mansoor+Bin+Tahnoon+Al&rft.au=Hussain%2C+Jamal&rft.au=Ghafoor%2C+Asad+ul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIICXDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3DBaloch%2Bpastoral%2Bpeople%26pg%3DPA73&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhillips2001" class="citation book cs1">Phillips, David J. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=54gyRnhIugkC&dq=Baloch+pastoralit&pg=PA289"><i>Peoples on the Move: Introducing the Nomads of the World</i></a>. William Carey Library. p. 289. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87808-352-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87808-352-7"><bdi>978-0-87808-352-7</bdi></a>. <q>They are united by language and a common culture, and the name <b>Baluch</b> has the connotation of a tent-dwelling <b>nomadic pastoralist</b>, although most of them have never lived like that. The <b>Baluch</b> practice different combinations of agriculture and <b>pastoralism</b>.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Peoples+on+the+Move%3A+Introducing+the+Nomads+of+the+World&rft.pages=289&rft.pub=William+Carey+Library&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-87808-352-7&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=David+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D54gyRnhIugkC%26dq%3DBaloch%2Bpastoralit%26pg%3DPA289&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDongKassamTourrandBoone2016" class="citation book cs1">Dong, Shikui; Kassam, Karim-Aly S.; Tourrand, Jean François; Boone, Randall B. (30 August 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JJjvDAAAQBAJ&dq=Baloch+pastoralists&pg=PA4"><i>Building Resilience of Human-Natural Systems of Pastoralism in the Developing World: Interdisciplinary Perspectives</i></a>. Springer. p. 4. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-319-30732-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-319-30732-9"><bdi>978-3-319-30732-9</bdi></a>. <q>Some pastoral groups in the world: (a) Tibetan in Qinghai, China; (b) Kirghiz in Badakhshan, Afghanistan: (c) Boran in Borana, Ethiopia; (d) Massai in Kenya; (e) Mongol in Inner Mongolia, China; (1) Tajik in Yangi Qala, Afghanistan; (g) Bedouin in Negev, Israel; (h) <b>Baloch in northern Pakistan</b>.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Building+Resilience+of+Human-Natural+Systems+of+Pastoralism+in+the+Developing+World%3A+Interdisciplinary+Perspectives&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2016-08-30&rft.isbn=978-3-319-30732-9&rft.aulast=Dong&rft.aufirst=Shikui&rft.au=Kassam%2C+Karim-Aly+S.&rft.au=Tourrand%2C+Jean+Fran%C3%A7ois&rft.au=Boone%2C+Randall+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJJjvDAAAQBAJ%26dq%3DBaloch%2Bpastoralists%26pg%3DPA4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZehi" class="citation web cs1">Zehi, Pirmohamad. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranchamber.com/people/articles/cultural_anthropology_of_baluchis.php">"A Cultural Anthropology of Baluchis"</a>. <i>Iran Chamber Society</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Iran+Chamber+Society&rft.atitle=A+Cultural+Anthropology+of+Baluchis&rft.aulast=Zehi&rft.aufirst=Pirmohamad&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranchamber.com%2Fpeople%2Farticles%2Fcultural_anthropology_of_baluchis.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Blood, Peter, ed. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+pk0055)">"Baloch"</a>. <i>Pakistan: A Country Study</i>. Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress, 1995.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCentral_Intelligence_Agency2013" class="citation web cs1">Central Intelligence Agency (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181116044500/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2075.html">"The World Factbook: Ethnic Groups"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2075.html">the original</a> on 16 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+World+Factbook%3A+Ethnic+Groups&rft.date=2013&rft.au=Central+Intelligence+Agency&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Ffields%2F2075.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDashti,_The_Baloch_and_Balochistan20128,_33–34,_44-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDashti,_The_Baloch_and_Balochistan20128,_33–34,_44_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDashti,_The_Baloch_and_Balochistan2012">Dashti, The Baloch and Balochistan 2012</a>, pp. 8, 33–34, 44.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDashti,_The_Baloch_and_Balochistan201233–34-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDashti,_The_Baloch_and_Balochistan201233–34_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDashti,_The_Baloch_and_Balochistan201233–34_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDashti,_The_Baloch_and_Balochistan2012">Dashti, The Baloch and Balochistan 2012</a>, pp. 33–34.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBhandarkar1929" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/D._R._Bhandarkar" class="mw-redirect" title="D. R. Bhandarkar">Bhandarkar, D. R.</a> (1929). "Indian Studies No. I: Slow Progress of Islam Power in Ancient India". <i>Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute</i>. <b>10</b> (1/2): 30. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41682407">41682407</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+Bhandarkar+Oriental+Research+Institute&rft.atitle=Indian+Studies+No.+I%3A+Slow+Progress+of+Islam+Power+in+Ancient+India&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1%2F2&rft.pages=30&rft.date=1929&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41682407%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Bhandarkar&rft.aufirst=D.+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOlson1994" class="citation book cs1">Olson; et al. (1994). <i>An Ethnohistorical Dictionary of the Russian and Soviet Empires</i>. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 101. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0313274978" title="Special:BookSources/978-0313274978"><bdi>978-0313274978</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Ethnohistorical+Dictionary+of+the+Russian+and+Soviet+Empires&rft.pages=101&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0313274978&rft.au=Olson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKreyenbroek2010" class="citation book cs1">Kreyenbroek, Philip G. (2010). <i>Oral Literature of Iranian Languages: Kurdish, Pashto, Balochi, Ossetic, Persian and Tajik: Companion Volume II: History of Persian Literature A, Volume 18</i>. I. B. Tauris. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0857732651" title="Special:BookSources/978-0857732651"><bdi>978-0857732651</bdi></a>. <q>The Baloch tribes rise up from their original home in Aleppo, all sons of Mir Hamza (generally taken to be the uncle of Muhammad) to fight against the second Ummayad Caliph Yazid I at Karbala in 680. After Hoseyn is slain, the angered Balochi tribes wander way eastwards</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Oral+Literature+of+Iranian+Languages%3A+Kurdish%2C+Pashto%2C+Balochi%2C+Ossetic%2C+Persian+and+Tajik%3A+Companion+Volume+II%3A+History+of+Persian+Literature+A%2C+Volume+18&rft.pub=I.+B.+Tauris&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0857732651&rft.aulast=Kreyenbroek&rft.aufirst=Philip+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGidumal1888" class="citation book cs1">Gidumal, Dayaram (1888). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ra86AQAAMAAJ"><i>History of Alienations in the Province of Sind: Compiled from the Jagir and Other Records in the Commissioner's Office on the Authority of Bombay Government, Resolution No. 12, Dated 2nd January 1878, Revenue Department</i></a>. Printed at the "Commissioner's Press".</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Alienations+in+the+Province+of+Sind%3A+Compiled+from+the+Jagir+and+Other+Records+in+the+Commissioner%27s+Office+on+the+Authority+of+Bombay+Government%2C+Resolution+No.+12%2C+Dated+2nd+January+1878%2C+Revenue+Department&rft.pub=Printed+at+the+%22Commissioner%27s+Press%22&rft.date=1888&rft.aulast=Gidumal&rft.aufirst=Dayaram&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRa86AQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JH7q-DP30HUC"><i>Gazetteer</i></a>. 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Christine and Hamza, Ali (2017) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nsuworks.nova.edu/pcs/vol24/iss1/1">"Rethinking Baloch Secularism: What the Data Say,"</a> <i>Peace and Conflict Studies</i>: Vol. 24 : No. 1, Article 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2020" class="citation book cs1">Williams, Victoria R. (24 February 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3_zRDwAAQBAJ&dq=zikris&pg=PA141"><i>Indigenous Peoples: An Encyclopedia of Culture, History, and Threats to Survival [4 volumes]</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=Hingol+Temple+Symbolises+Baloch+Secularism&rft.date=2009-07-30&rft.au=Kamal+Siddiqi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fm.hindustantimes.com%2Fworld%2Fhingol-temple-symbolises-baloch-secularism%2Fstory-yOyVxu6v2DeBdC9obUAwsN.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HinduFamilies-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HinduFamilies_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m.hindustantimes.com/world/over-100-hindu-families-in-pak-want-to-migrate-to-india/story-k5nxwcoTevBN71AbgIgD2H.html">"Over 100 Hindu Families in Pak Want To Migrate To India"</a>. <i>Hindustan Times</i>. 3 January 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2020</span>. <q>Hindus have lived in several Baloch-dominated districts like Nushki, Dera Allah Yar, Mastung, Khuzdar, Kalat, Jaffarabad, Lasbela, Kharan, Sibi and Kachhi and territories inhabited by the Marri and Bugti tribes for centuries. Hindus are also part of the Bugti, Marri, Rind, Bezenjo, Zehri, Mengal and other Baloch tribes and live under the tribal system.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=Over+100+Hindu+Families+in+Pak+Want+To+Migrate+To+India&rft.date=2011-01-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fm.hindustantimes.com%2Fworld%2Fover-100-hindu-families-in-pak-want-to-migrate-to-india%2Fstory-k5nxwcoTevBN71AbgIgD2H.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BalochMumbai-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BalochMumbai_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoshni_Nair2016" class="citation news cs1">Roshni Nair (3 December 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/mumbai-s-filmi-daredevils-with-a-cross-border-history/story-zZxj8hDGF0EiOahNCJmUTL.html">"Mumbai's filmi daredevils with a cross-border history"</a>. <i>Hindustan Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hayat+Shaheed+E+Islam+%28%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA+%D8%B4%DB%81%DB%8C%D8%AF+%D8%A7%DB%8C+%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%29&rft.pages=57&rft.pub=Maktaba+Faridia&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Mansoor&rft.aufirst=Riaz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FSHAEEDISLAM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDr_Shahida_Jaffrey_Jamali2017" class="citation web cs1">Dr Shahida Jaffrey Jamali (6 April 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dailytimes.com.pk/18852/remembering-mir-jaffar-khan-jamali/">"Remembering Mir Jaffar Khan Jamali"</a>. <i>Daily Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daily+Times&rft.atitle=Remembering+Mir+Jaffar+Khan+Jamali&rft.date=2017-04-06&rft.au=Dr+Shahida+Jaffrey+Jamali&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdailytimes.com.pk%2F18852%2Fremembering-mir-jaffar-khan-jamali%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arynews.tv/en/zafarullah-khan-jamali/">"Zafarullah Khan Jamali – Age, Political Party, Family and Education"</a>. <i>ARYNEWS</i>. 11 August 2018.</cite><span 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+National&rft.atitle=Farooq+Ahmad+Khan%3A+Bhutto%27s+pick%2C+until+he+sacked+her&rft.date=2010-10-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenational.ae%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Ffarooq-ahmad-khan-bhutto-s-pick-until-he-sacked-her-1.545647&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dawn-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dawn_69-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHasan_Mansoor2014" class="citation news cs1">Hasan Mansoor (11 June 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dawn.com/news/1111939">"Khair Bakhsh Marri: a fighter all the way"</a>. <i>Dawn</i>. Pakistan<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dawn&rft.atitle=Khair+Bakhsh+Marri%3A+a+fighter+all+the+way&rft.date=2014-06-11&rft.au=Hasan+Mansoor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1111939&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arynews.tv/en/balakh-sher-mazari">"Balakh Sher Mazari – Age, Son, Family, Political party"</a>. <i>ARYNEWS</i>. 15 July 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ARYNEWS&rft.atitle=Balakh+Sher+Mazari+%E2%80%93+Age%2C+Son%2C+Family%2C+Political+party&rft.date=2018-07-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farynews.tv%2Fen%2Fbalakh-sher-mazari&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/341638-i-am-siraj-khan-raisani-baloch-i-will-die-as-pakistani">"I am Siraj Khan Raisani Baloch & I will die a Pakistani"</a>. <i>thenews.com.pk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=thenews.com.pk&rft.atitle=I+am+Siraj+Khan+Raisani+Baloch+%26+I+will+die+a+Pakistani&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenews.com.pk%2Flatest%2F341638-i-am-siraj-khan-raisani-baloch-i-will-die-as-pakistani&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-militaryawards-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-militaryawards_72-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dawn.com/news/1471417/president-alvi-confers-top-civil-military-awards-for-excellence-on-pakistan-day">"President Alvi confers top civil, military awards for excellence on Pakistan Day"</a>. <i>Dawn</i>. Pakistan. 23 March 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dawn&rft.atitle=President+Alvi+confers+top+civil%2C+military+awards+for+excellence+on+Pakistan+Day&rft.date=2019-03-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1471417%2Fpresident-alvi-confers-top-civil-military-awards-for-excellence-on-pakistan-day&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNotezai2018" class="citation web cs1">Notezai, Muhammad Akbar (10 January 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dawn.com/news/1381921">"Profile: Sanullah Zehri – more of a Sardar than a politician"</a>. <i>Dawn</i>. Pakistan.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dawn&rft.atitle=Profile%3A+Sanullah+Zehri+%E2%80%93+more+of+a+Sardar+than+a+politician&rft.date=2018-01-10&rft.aulast=Notezai&rft.aufirst=Muhammad+Akbar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1381921&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="General_and_cited_references">General and cited references</h2></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDashti,_The_Baloch_and_Balochistan2012" class="citation book cs1">Dashti, Naseer (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xIjyLNpusbAC&pg=PA33"><i>The Baloch and Balochistan: A Historical Account from the Beginning to the Fall of the Baloch State</i></a>. Trafford Publishing. pp. 33–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4669-5896-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4669-5896-8"><bdi>978-1-4669-5896-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Baloch+and+Balochistan%3A+A+Historical+Account+from+the+Beginning+to+the+Fall+of+the+Baloch+State&rft.pages=33-&rft.pub=Trafford+Publishing&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-4669-5896-8&rft.aulast=Dashti&rft.aufirst=Naseer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxIjyLNpusbAC%26pg%3DPA33&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAxmann2019" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Axmann, Martin (2019). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-3/baluchistan-and-the-baluch-people-COM_25188?s.num=0&s.f.s2_parent=s.f.book.encyclopaedia-of-islam-3&s.q=baluch">"Baluchistan and the Baluch people"</a></span>. In Fleet, Kate; <a href="/wiki/Gudrun_Kr%C3%A4mer" title="Gudrun Krämer">Krämer, Gudrun</a>; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; <a href="/wiki/Everett_K._Rowson" title="Everett K. Rowson">Rowson, Everett</a> (eds.). <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam</i> (3rd ed.). Brill Online. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1873-9830">1873-9830</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Baluchistan+and+the+Baluch+people&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Brill+Online&rft.date=2019&rft.issn=1873-9830&rft.aulast=Axmann&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freferenceworks.brillonline.com%2Fentries%2Fencyclopaedia-of-islam-3%2Fbaluchistan-and-the-baluch-people-COM_25188%3Fs.num%3D0%26s.f.s2_parent%3Ds.f.book.encyclopaedia-of-islam-3%26s.q%3Dbaluch&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBulookbashiAsatryan2013" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Bulookbashi, Ali A.; Asatryan, Mushegh (2013). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-islamica/baluch-COM_00000057?s.num=12&s.f.s2_parent=s.f.book.encyclopaedia-islamica&s.q=azerbaijan">"Balūch"</a></span>. In <a href="/wiki/Wilferd_Madelung" title="Wilferd Madelung">Madelung, Wilferd</a>; <a href="/wiki/Farhad_Daftary" title="Farhad Daftary">Daftary, Farhad</a> (eds.). <i>Encyclopaedia Islamica Online</i>. Brill Online. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1875-9831">1875-9831</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Bal%C5%ABch&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+Islamica+Online&rft.pub=Brill+Online&rft.date=2013&rft.issn=1875-9831&rft.aulast=Bulookbashi&rft.aufirst=Ali+A.&rft.au=Asatryan%2C+Mushegh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freferenceworks.brillonline.com%2Fentries%2Fencyclopaedia-islamica%2Fbaluch-COM_00000057%3Fs.num%3D12%26s.f.s2_parent%3Ds.f.book.encyclopaedia-islamica%26s.q%3Dazerbaijan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaloch+people" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Elfenbein, J. "Balochi Literature". P. G. Kreyenbroek and U. Marzolph, eds. <i>Oral Literature of Iranian Languages. Kurdish, Pashto, Balochi, Ossetic, Persian & Tajik</i>. A History of Persian Literature. ed. E. Yarshater. vol. 18. Companion vol. 2. London: <a href="/wiki/I._B._Tauris" class="mw-redirect" title="I. B. Tauris">I. B. Tauris</a>, 2010. pp. 167–198.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style 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title="Bhagnari">Bhagnari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhurgari" title="Bhurgari">Bhurgari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bugti" title="Bugti">Bugti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buledi" title="Buledi">Buledi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burfat" title="Burfat">Burfat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bijarani_Buledi" title="Bijarani Buledi">Bijarani Buledi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandio" title="Chandio">Chandio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhutta" title="Chhutta">Chhutta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dah_Marda" title="Dah Marda">Dah Marda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damanis" title="Damanis">Damanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darzada" class="mw-redirect" title="Darzada">Darzada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dehwar" title="Dehwar">Dehwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodai_tribe" title="Dodai tribe">Dodai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dombki" title="Dombki">Dombki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabol" title="Gabol">Gabol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gichki" title="Gichki">Gichki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurchani" title="Gurchani">Gurchani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamali_(tribe)" title="Jamali (tribe)">Jamali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalbali_(tribe)" title="Kalbali (tribe)">Kalbali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalmati" title="Kalmati">Kalmati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khosa_(tribe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Khosa (tribe)">Khosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulachi_(tribe)" title="Kulachi (tribe)">Kulachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langah_Balochs" title="Langah Balochs">Langah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lund_(Baloch_tribe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lund (Baloch tribe)">Lund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magsi" title="Magsi">Magsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marri_(tribe)" title="Marri (tribe)">Marri</a></li> <li>Jhangail <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jarwar" title="Jarwar">Jarwar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mengal" title="Mengal">Mengal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baranzai" title="Baranzai">Baranzai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mollazehi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mollazehi">Mollazehi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mugheri" title="Mugheri">Mugheri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mullazai_tribe" title="Mullazai tribe">Mullazai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noohani" title="Noohani">Noohani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitafi" title="Pitafi">Pitafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rakhshani_(tribe)" title="Rakhshani (tribe)">Rakhshani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rind_(tribe)" title="Rind (tribe)">Rind</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buzdar_(tribe)" title="Buzdar (tribe)">Buzdar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khushk" title="Khushk">Khushk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khetran" title="Khetran">Khetran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanjwani" title="Lanjwani">Lanjwani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lehri_tribe" title="Lehri tribe">Lehri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leghari_(clan)" title="Leghari (clan)">Leghari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazari_(Baloch_tribe)" title="Mazari (Baloch tribe)">Mazari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qaisrani" title="Qaisrani">Qaisrani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanjrani" title="Sanjrani">Sanjrani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talpur" title="Talpur">Talpur</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasoli" title="Sasoli">Sasoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarmastani" title="Sarmastani">Sarmastani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirani_(Baloch_tribe)" title="Shirani (Baloch tribe)">Shirani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umrani" title="Umrani">Umrani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarahmadzai_tribe" title="Yarahmadzai tribe">Yarahmadzai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zardari_(tribe)" title="Zardari (tribe)">Zardari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zehri" title="Zehri">Zehri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ethnic_groups_in_Afghanistan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_Afghanistan" title="Template:Ethnic groups in Afghanistan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ethnic_groups_in_Afghanistan" title="Template talk:Ethnic groups in Afghanistan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_Afghanistan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic groups in Afghanistan"><abbr title="Edit this 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Afghanistan">Jat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kho_people" title="Kho people">Kho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moghol_people" title="Moghol people">Moghol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuristanis" title="Nuristanis">Nuristanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamiris" title="Pamiris">Pamiris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashayi_people" title="Pashayi people">Pashayi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashtuns" title="Pashtuns">Pashtuns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabis_in_Afghanistan" title="Punjabis in Afghanistan">Punjabis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajiks" title="Tajiks">Tajiks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkic_people_in_Afghanistan" title="Turkic people in Afghanistan">Turkic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hazaras" title="Hazaras">Hazaras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_people" title="Kyrgyz people">Kyrgyz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qizilbash" title="Qizilbash">Qizilbash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_Turkmens" title="Afghan Turkmens">Turkmens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbeks" title="Uzbeks">Uzbeks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakhi_people" title="Wakhi people">Wakhi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foreign nationals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenians_in_Afghanistan" title="Armenians in Afghanistan">Armenians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indians_in_Afghanistan" title="Indians in Afghanistan">Indians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistanis_in_Afghanistan" title="Pakistanis in Afghanistan">Pakistanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russians_in_Afghanistan" title="Russians in Afghanistan">Russians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/16px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/24px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Afghanistan" title="Portal:Afghanistan">Afghanistan portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ethnic_groups_in_Pakistan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_Pakistan" title="Template:Ethnic groups in Pakistan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ethnic_groups_in_Pakistan" title="Template talk:Ethnic groups in Pakistan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_Pakistan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic groups in Pakistan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ethnic_groups_in_Pakistan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Pakistan" title="Ethnic groups in Pakistan">Ethnic groups in Pakistan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghans_in_Pakistan" title="Afghans in Pakistan">Afghans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagar_tract#Bagri_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Bagar tract">Bagri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balti_people" title="Balti people">Balti</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Baloch</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dehwar" title="Dehwar">Dehwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khetran" title="Khetran">Khetran</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bateri_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bateri people (page does not exist)">Bateri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengalis" title="Bengalis">Bengalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biharis" title="Biharis">Biharis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahui_people" title="Brahui people">Brahui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brokpa" title="Brokpa">Broqpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burusho_people" title="Burusho people">Burusho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_people_in_Pakistan" title="Chinese people in Pakistan">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Damia_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Damia people (page does not exist)">Damia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogras" title="Dogras">Dogras</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Domaa_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Domaa people (page does not exist)">Domaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Pakistanis" title="European Pakistanis">European</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_people_in_Pakistan" title="British people in Pakistan">British</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gowro_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gowro people (page does not exist)">Gabaro</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gawar_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gawar people (page does not exist)">Gawar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gawri_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gawri people (page does not exist)">Gawri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gujarati_people" title="Gujarati people">Gujarati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurjar" title="Gurjar">Gurjar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazaras" title="Hazaras">Hazaras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindkowans" title="Hindkowans">Hindkowans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indus_Kohistani_people" title="Indus Kohistani people">Indus Kohistani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalash_people" title="Kalash people">Kalash</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalkoti_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalkoti people (page does not exist)">Kalkoti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashmiris" title="Kashmiris">Kashmiris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kho_people" title="Kho people">Kho</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kolai_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kolai people (page does not exist)">Kolai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koli_people" title="Koli people">Koli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladakhi_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Ladakhi people">Ladakhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lori_people" title="Lori people">Lori</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makrani_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Makrani people (page does not exist)">Makrani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marwari_people" title="Marwari people">Marwari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhajir_(Pakistan)" title="Muhajir (Pakistan)">Muhajirs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stranded_Pakistanis_in_Bangladesh" title="Stranded Pakistanis in Bangladesh">Biharis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gujaratis" class="mw-redirect" title="Gujaratis">Gujaratis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memons" class="mw-redirect" title="Memons">Memons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajasthanis" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajasthanis">Rajasthanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamils" title="Tamils">Tamils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urdu_speakers" class="mw-redirect" title="Urdu speakers">Urdu speakers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuristanis" title="Nuristanis">Nuristanis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kata_people" title="Kata people">Kata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kom_people_(Afghanistan)" title="Kom people (Afghanistan)">Kom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumo" title="Mumo">Mumo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahari_people_(Kashmir)" title="Pahari people (Kashmir)">Paharis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palula_people" title="Palula people">Palula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamiris" title="Pamiris">Pamiris</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yidgha-Munji_people" title="Yidgha-Munji people">Munji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarikoli_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarikoli people">Sariquli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shughni_people" title="Shughni people">Shughnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakhi_people" title="Wakhi people">Wakhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yidgha-Munji_people" title="Yidgha-Munji people">Yidgha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashtuns" title="Pashtuns">Pashtuns</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ormur" title="Ormur">Ormur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tareen" title="Tareen">Spin Tareen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabis" title="Punjabis">Punjabis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purigpa" title="Purigpa">Purigpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajasthani_people" title="Rajasthani people">Rajasthani</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thari_people" title="Thari people">Thari</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvi_(caste)" title="Salvi (caste)">Salvi Mewar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saraiki_people" title="Saraiki people">Saraiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shina_people" title="Shina people">Shina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shumashti_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shumashti people (page does not exist)">Shumashti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddi" title="Siddi">Siddi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhis" title="Sindhis">Sindhis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jadgal_people" title="Jadgal people">Jadgal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kutchi_people" title="Kutchi people">Kutchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lasi_people" title="Lasi people">Lasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meghwar_Bhil" class="mw-redirect" title="Meghwar Bhil">Meghwar Bhil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memon_people" title="Memon people">Memons</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajiks_in_Pakistan" title="Tajiks in Pakistan">Tajik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torwali_people" title="Torwali people">Torwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkic_peoples" title="Turkic peoples">Turkic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_in_Pakistan" title="Kyrgyz in Pakistan">Kyrgyz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmens_in_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkmens in Pakistan">Turkmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Pakistan" title="Turks in Pakistan">Turks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uyghurs_in_Pakistan" title="Uyghurs in Pakistan">Uyghurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbeks_in_Pakistan" title="Uzbeks in Pakistan">Uzbek</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Immigration_to_Pakistan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Immigration_to_Pakistan" title="Template:Immigration to Pakistan"><abbr title="View this 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scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghans_in_Pakistan" title="Afghans in Pakistan">Afghans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengalis_in_Pakistan" title="Bengalis in Pakistan">Bengalis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rohingya_refugees_in_Pakistan" title="Rohingya refugees in Pakistan">Rohingya</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stranded_Pakistanis" class="mw-redirect" title="Stranded Pakistanis">Biharis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indians_in_Pakistan" title="Indians in Pakistan">Indians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldivians_in_Pakistan" title="Maldivians in Pakistan">Maldivians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalis_in_Pakistan" title="Nepalis in Pakistan">Nepalis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rest of Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabs_in_Pakistan" title="Arabs in Pakistan">Arabs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palestinians_in_Pakistan" title="Palestinians in Pakistan">Palestinians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemenis_in_Pakistan" title="Yemenis in Pakistan">Yemenis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenians_in_Pakistan" title="Armenians in Pakistan">Armenians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_people_in_Pakistan" title="Chinese people in Pakistan">Chinese</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Uyghurs_in_Pakistan" title="Uyghurs in Pakistan">Uyghurs</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipinos_in_Pakistan" title="Filipinos in Pakistan">Filipinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesians_in_Pakistan" title="Indonesians in Pakistan">Indonesians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranians_in_Pakistan" title="Iranians in Pakistan">Iranians</a></li> <li>Japanese</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurds_in_Pakistan" title="Kurds in Pakistan">Kurds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajiks_in_Pakistan" title="Tajiks in Pakistan">Tajiks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Pakistan" title="Turks in Pakistan">Turks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_in_Pakistan" title="Kyrgyz in Pakistan">Kyrgyz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_in_Pakistan" title="Turkmen in Pakistan">Turkmen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbeks_in_Pakistan" title="Uzbeks in Pakistan">Uzbeks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Europeans_in_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Europeans in Pakistan">Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Britons_in_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Britons in Pakistan">Britons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_people_in_Pakistan" title="French people in Pakistan">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germans_in_Pakistan" title="Germans in Pakistan">Germans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_people_in_Pakistan" title="Polish people in Pakistan">Polish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_people_in_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Portuguese people in Pakistan">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russians_in_Pakistan" title="Russians in Pakistan">Russians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Somalis_in_Pakistan" title="Somalis in Pakistan">Somalis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australians_in_Pakistan" title="Australians in Pakistan">Australians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Iranian_peoples" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Iranian_peoples" title="Template:Iranian peoples"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Iranian_peoples" title="Template talk:Iranian peoples"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Iranian_peoples" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Iranian peoples"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Iranian_peoples" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Iranian_peoples" title="Iranian peoples">Iranian peoples</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ethnic groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achomi_people" title="Achomi people">Achomis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aimaq_people" title="Aimaq people">Aimaqs</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Balochs</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/List_of_Baloch_tribes" title="List of Baloch tribes">Baloch tribes</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bashkardi_people" title="Bashkardi people">Bashkardis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dehwar" title="Dehwar">Dehwaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farsiwan" title="Farsiwan">Farsiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilaks" title="Gilaks">Gilaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumzari_people" title="Kumzari people">Kumzaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurds" title="Kurds">Kurds</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_tribes" title="Kurdish tribes">Kurdish tribes</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Yazidis" title="Yazidis">Yazidis</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lurs" title="Lurs">Lurs</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Bakhtiari_people" title="Bakhtiari people">Bakhtiaris</a></small> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Shehni" title="Shehni">Shehnis</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Feyli_Lurs" title="Feyli Lurs">Feyli Lurs</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Hadavand_tribe" title="Hadavand tribe">Hadavand</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Hasanvand" title="Hasanvand">Hasanvand</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Southern_Lurs" title="Southern Lurs">Southern Lurs</a></small> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Mamasani_(tribe)" title="Mamasani (tribe)">Mamasanis</a></small></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazanderani_people" title="Mazanderani people">Mazanderanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossetians" title="Ossetians">Ossetians</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Digor_people" title="Digor people">Digors</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Iron_people" title="Iron people">Irons</a></small> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Kudar" title="Kudar">Kudars</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Jasz_people" title="Jasz people">Jaszs</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamiris" title="Pamiris">Pamiris</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Tajiks" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Tajiks">Chinese Tajiks</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Shughni_people" title="Shughni people">Shughnis</a></small> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Badzhui_people" title="Badzhui people">Badzhuis</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Oroshoris" title="Oroshoris">Oroshoris</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Wakhi_people" title="Wakhi people">Wakhis</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Yidgha-Munji_people" title="Yidgha-Munji people">Yidgha–Munji</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashtuns" title="Pashtuns">Pashtuns</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Pashtun_tribes" title="Pashtun tribes">Pashtun tribes</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persians" title="Persians">Persians</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Arab-Persians" title="Arab-Persians">Arab-Persians</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Basseri" title="Basseri">Basseries</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Sistani_Persians" class="mw-redirect" title="Sistani Persians">Sistanis</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semnani_people" title="Semnani people">Semnanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shabaks" title="Shabaks">Shabaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajiks" title="Tajiks">Tajiks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talysh_people" title="Talysh people">Talyshs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tat_people_(Caucasus)" title="Tat people (Caucasus)">Tats of the Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tat_people_(Iran)" title="Tat people (Iran)">Tats of Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaghnobis" title="Yaghnobis">Yaghnobis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zazas" title="Zazas">Zazas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related ethnic groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ajam_of_Bahrain" title="Ajam of Bahrain">Ajam of Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%27Ajam_of_Kuwait" title="'Ajam of Kuwait">'Ajam of Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranians_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Iranians in the United Arab Emirates">Iranians in the United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranians_in_Qatar" title="Iranians in Qatar">Iranians in Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armeno-Tats" title="Armeno-Tats">Armeno-Tats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukharan_Jews" title="Bukharan Jews">Bukharan Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazaras" title="Hazaras">Hazaras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_Jews" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian Jews">Persian Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shihuh" title="Shihuh">Shihuh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ancient peoples</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Iranian_peoples" title="List of ancient Iranian peoples">Ancient Iranian peoples</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Origin</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Iranians" title="Indo-Iranians">Indo-Iranians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-Europeans" title="Proto-Indo-Europeans">Proto-Indo-Europeans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_languages" title="Iranian languages">Iranian languages</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iranian_religions" title="Iranian religions">Iranian religions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-Iranian_paganism" title="Proto-Indo-Iranian paganism">Proto-Indo-Iranian paganism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Iranian_religion" title="Ancient Iranian religion">Ancient Iranian religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assianism" title="Assianism">Assianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1bism" title="Bábism">Bábism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khurramites" title="Khurramites">Khurramites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manichaeism" title="Manichaeism">Manichaeism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazdak" title="Mazdak">Mazdakism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazdaznan" title="Mazdaznan">Mazdaznan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scythian_religion" title="Scythian religion">Scythian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarsanism" title="Yarsanism">Yarsanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yazidism" title="Yazidism">Yazidism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism" title="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrianism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Balochistan,_Pakistan&#124;link=Balochistan,_Pakistan_Province_of_Balochistan_topics" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Balochistan,_Pakistan_topics" title="Template:Balochistan, Pakistan topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Balochistan,_Pakistan_topics" title="Template talk:Balochistan, Pakistan topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Balochistan,_Pakistan_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Balochistan, Pakistan topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Balochistan,_Pakistan&#124;link=Balochistan,_Pakistan_Province_of_Balochistan_topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Balochistan,_Pakistan" title="Balochistan, Pakistan"><img alt="Balochistan, Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Balochistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Balochistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Balochistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Balochistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Balochistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Balochistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1134" data-file-height="756" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Administrative_units_of_Pakistan" title="Administrative units of Pakistan">Province</a> of <a href="/wiki/Balochistan,_Pakistan" title="Balochistan, Pakistan">Balochistan</a> topics</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Balochistan,_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Balochistan, Pakistan">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Baloch_people" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Baloch people">History of the Baloch people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehrgarh" title="Mehrgarh">Mehrgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalat_(princely_state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalat (princely state)">Kalat (princely state)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Balochistan,_Pakistan" title="Government of Balochistan, Pakistan">Government</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_of_Balochistan,_Pakistan" title="Category:Politics of Balochistan, Pakistan">politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_Assembly_of_Balochistan,_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Provincial Assembly of Balochistan, Pakistan">Provincial Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_Balochistan,_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Minister of Balochistan, Pakistan">Chief Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Balochistan,_Pakistan" title="Governor of Balochistan, Pakistan">Governor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumandar" title="Tumandar">Tumandar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Balochistan" title="Insurgency in Balochistan">Insurgency in Balochistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazara_Democratic_Party" title="Hazara Democratic Party">Hazara Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baloch_nationalism" title="Baloch nationalism">Baloch nationalism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Culture and<br />places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Baloch people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Baloch_tribes" title="List of Baloch tribes">List of Baloch tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balochi_language" title="Balochi language">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balochi_cinema" title="Balochi cinema">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balochi_cuisine" title="Balochi cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baloch_diaspora" title="Baloch diaspora">Diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balochi_music" title="Balochi music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahui_people" title="Brahui people">Brahui people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahui_language" title="Brahui language">Brahui language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazara_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Hazara people">Hazara people</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Archaeological Sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_archaeological_sites_and_monuments_in_Balochistan" class="mw-redirect" title="List of archaeological sites and monuments in Balochistan">Archaeological sites and monuments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirak" title="Pirak">Pirak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gondrani" title="Gondrani">Gondrani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehrgarh" title="Mehrgarh">Mehrgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gadani" title="Gadani">Gadani</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Geography</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Balochistan,_Pakistan_by_population" title="List of cities in Balochistan, Pakistan by population">Largest cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Balochistan,_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Districts of Balochistan, Pakistan">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balochistan" title="Balochistan">Balochistan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Balochistan" title="University of Balochistan">University of Balochistan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Sport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ayub_National_Stadium" title="Ayub National Stadium">Ayub National Stadium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201501#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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