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Available in 14 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-14" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">14 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Designated_Hitter" title="Designated Hitter – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Designated Hitter" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bateador_designado" title="Bateador designado – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bateador designado" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frappeur_d%C3%A9sign%C3%A9" title="Frappeur désigné – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Frappeur désigné" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%80%EB%AA%85_%ED%83%80%EC%9E%90" title="지명 타자 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="지명 타자" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battitore_designato" title="Battitore designato – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Battitore designato" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Designated_hitter" title="Designated hitter – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Designated hitter" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aangewezen_slagman" title="Aangewezen slagman – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Aangewezen slagman" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8C%87%E5%90%8D%E6%89%93%E8%80%85" title="指名打者 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="指名打者" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Designated_hitter" title="Designated hitter – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Designated hitter" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rebatedor_designado" title="Rebatedor designado – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rebatedor designado" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Designated_hitter" title="Designated hitter – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Designated hitter" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Designated_hitter" title="Designated hitter – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Designated hitter" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Designated_hitter" title="Designated hitter – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Designated hitter" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8C%87%E5%AE%9A%E6%89%93%E6%93%8A" title="指定打擊 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="指定打擊" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q727270#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Edgar_Martinez_1997.jpg/220px-Edgar_Martinez_1997.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="307" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Edgar_Martinez_1997.jpg/330px-Edgar_Martinez_1997.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Edgar_Martinez_1997.jpg/440px-Edgar_Martinez_1997.jpg 2x" data-file-width="921" data-file-height="1285" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Edgar Martínez">Edgar Martínez</a>, who spent most of his career as the full-time designated hitter for the <a href="/wiki/Seattle_Mariners" title="Seattle Mariners">Seattle Mariners</a>, was inducted into the <a href="/wiki/National_Baseball_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum" title="National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum">Hall of Fame</a> in 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-Edgar_HOF_elected_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edgar_HOF_elected-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>designated hitter</b> (<b>DH</b>) is a <a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">baseball</a> player who bats in place of another position player, most commonly the <a href="/wiki/Pitcher" title="Pitcher">pitcher</a>. Unlike other players in a team's lineup, they generally only play as an offensive player and usually do not play defense as a <a href="/wiki/Fielding_(baseball)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fielding (baseball)">fielder</a> or a <a href="/wiki/Pitcher" title="Pitcher">pitcher</a> during a game. Due to their specialized offensive-only role, the designated hitter is generally expected to produce above average offensive stats and production compared to other players who play defense.<sup id="cite_ref-Designated_Hitter_{{!}}_Glossary_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Designated_Hitter_{{!}}_Glossary-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a>, the position is authorized by Rule 5.11 of the Official Baseball Rules.<sup id="cite_ref-baseball_rules_(5.11_and_otherwise)_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baseball_rules_(5.11_and_otherwise)-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was adopted by the <a href="/wiki/American_League" title="American League">American League</a> in <a href="/wiki/1973_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1973 Major League Baseball season">1973</a> and by the <a href="/wiki/National_League_(baseball)" title="National League (baseball)">National League</a> in <a href="/wiki/2022_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="2022 Major League Baseball season">2022</a>, making it universal in MLB.<sup id="cite_ref-SI_Wulf_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI_Wulf-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within that time frame, nearly all <a href="/wiki/Amateur_baseball" class="mw-redirect" title="Amateur baseball">amateur</a>, <a href="/wiki/College_baseball" title="College baseball">collegiate</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Professional_baseball" title="Professional baseball">professional</a> leagues worldwide have adopted the designated hitter or some variant,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> except for <a href="/wiki/Nippon_Professional_Baseball" title="Nippon Professional Baseball">Nippon Professional Baseball</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Central_League" title="Central League">Central League</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-central_and_national_league_no_DH_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-central_and_national_league_no_DH-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Major_League_Baseball_rule">Major League Baseball rule</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Designated_hitter&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Major League Baseball rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The designated hitter is a player who does not play a <a href="/wiki/Baseball_positions" title="Baseball positions">position in the field</a>, but instead replaces the pitcher in the <a href="/wiki/Batting_order_(baseball)" title="Batting order (baseball)">batting order</a>. However, a <a href="/wiki/Starting_pitcher" title="Starting pitcher">starting pitcher</a> (but not <a href="/wiki/Relievers" class="mw-redirect" title="Relievers">relievers</a>) may choose to also start as the designated hitter, so that the pitcher bats for himself. The DH may only be used for the pitcher (and not any other <a href="/wiki/Position_player" title="Position player">position player</a>), as stated in Rule 5.11.<sup id="cite_ref-baseball_rules_(5.11_and_otherwise)_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baseball_rules_(5.11_and_otherwise)-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Use of the DH is optional, but must be determined before the start of the game. If a team does not begin a game with a DH, the team's pitchers (or <a href="/wiki/Pinch_hitter" title="Pinch hitter">pinch hitters</a>) must bat for the entire game.<sup id="cite_ref-MLB_DH_glossary_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MLB_DH_glossary-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The designated hitter can be moved to a fielding position during the game. If the DH is moved to another position, his team forfeits the role of designated hitter,<sup id="cite_ref-MLB_DH_glossary_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MLB_DH_glossary-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the pitcher or another player (the latter possible only in case of a multiple substitution) would bat in the spot of the position player replaced by the former DH. If the designated hitter is moved to pitcher, any subsequent pitcher (or pinch-hitter thereof) would bat should that spot in the batting order come up again (except for a further multiple substitution). Likewise, if a pinch-hitter bats for a non-pitcher, and then remains in the game as the pitcher, the team would forfeit the use of the DH for the remainder of the game, and the player who was DH would become a position player (or exit the game). </p><p>The DH substitution rule has an exception: If a starting pitcher started simultaneously as the designated hitter, that player will remain as DH to bat for his relievers after being replaced as pitcher, likewise remaining as starting pitcher if he was pinch hit by a bench player who'd become the new designated hitter. The exception was added by MLB for the 2022 season, coincident with the introduction of the universal DH. It has been widely nicknamed the "Ohtani rule" as a nod to <a href="/wiki/Shohei_Ohtani" title="Shohei Ohtani">Shohei Ohtani</a>, at the time a <a href="/wiki/Two-way_player" title="Two-way player">two-way</a> star pitcher and hitter for the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Angels" title="Los Angeles Angels">Los Angeles Angels</a> who had sometimes batted for himself in the past, but had to leave games as hitter or move to another position on the field when relieved as pitcher due to the limitations of the old rule.<sup id="cite_ref-shohei-ohtani-rule-approved_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shohei-ohtani-rule-approved-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rule change was subsequently applied for international-level games, starting with the <a href="/wiki/2023_World_Baseball_Classic" title="2023 World Baseball Classic">2023 World Baseball Classic</a>. </p><p>Unlike other positions, the DH is "locked" into the batting order. No multiple substitution may be made to alter the batting rotation of the DH. In other words, a <a href="/wiki/Double_switch_(baseball)" title="Double switch (baseball)">double switch</a> involving the DH and a position player (with the exception of players started as starting pitcher and designated hitter) is not legal. For example, if the DH is batting fourth and the catcher is batting eighth, the manager cannot replace both players so as to have the new catcher bat fourth and the new DH bat eighth. Once a team loses its DH under any of the scenarios already discussed, the double switch becomes fully available, and may well be used via necessity, should the former DH be replaced in the lineup. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Summary of designated hitter use in MLB by season and league/event </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Season(s)</th> <th>National League</th> <th>American League</th> <th>World Series</th> <th>All-Star Game</th> <th>Interleague play </th></tr> <tr> <td>Before 1973</td> <td>No</td> <td>No</td> <td>No</td> <td>No</td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr> <td>1973–1975</td> <td>No</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>No</td> <td>No</td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr> <td>1976–1985</td> <td>No</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>Yes in even years, No in odd years</td> <td>No</td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr> <td>1986–1988</td> <td>No</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>Home team rule</td> <td>No</td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr> <td>1989–1996</td> <td>No</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>Home team rule</td> <td>Home team rule</td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr> <td>1997–2009</td> <td>No</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>Home team rule</td> <td>Home team rule</td> <td>Home team rule </td></tr> <tr> <td>2010–2019, 2021</td> <td>No</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>Home team rule</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>Home team rule </td></tr> <tr> <td>2020, since 2022</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>Yes </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interleague_play_and_exhibitions_(until_2021)"><span id="Interleague_play_and_exhibitions_.28until_2021.29"></span>Interleague play and exhibitions (until 2021)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Designated_hitter&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Interleague play and exhibitions (until 2021)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Home_advantage#Causes" title="Home advantage">Home advantage § Causes</a></div> <p>In Major League Baseball, during <a href="/wiki/Interleague_play" title="Interleague play">interleague play</a> between 1997 and 2021, the DH rule was applied to a game based on the rules of the home team's league. If the game was played in an American League park, the designated hitter could be used; in a National League park, the pitcher must bat or else be replaced with a pinch-hitter. On June 12, 1997, <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Giants" title="San Francisco Giants">San Francisco Giants</a> outfielder <a href="/wiki/Glenallen_Hill" title="Glenallen Hill">Glenallen Hill</a> became the first <a href="/wiki/National_League_(baseball)" title="National League (baseball)">National League</a> DH in a regular-season game, when the Giants met the American League <a href="/wiki/Texas_Rangers_(baseball)" title="Texas Rangers (baseball)">Texas Rangers</a> at <a href="/wiki/Globe_Life_Park_in_Arlington" class="mw-redirect" title="Globe Life Park in Arlington">The Ballpark in Arlington</a> in interleague play.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At first, the DH rule was not applied to the <a href="/wiki/World_Series" title="World Series">World Series</a>. From 1973 to 1975, all World Series games were played under National League rules, with no DH and the pitchers required to bat.<sup id="cite_ref-MLB_DH_glossary_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MLB_DH_glossary-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For <a href="/wiki/1976_World_Series" title="1976 World Series">1976</a>, it was decided the DH rule would apply to all games in a World Series, regardless of venue, but only in even-numbered years.<sup id="cite_ref-MLB_DH_glossary_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MLB_DH_glossary-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Reds" title="Cincinnati Reds">Cincinnati Reds</a> first baseman <a href="/wiki/Dan_Driessen" title="Dan Driessen">Dan Driessen</a> became the first National League player to act as a DH in any capacity (regular season or postseason) when he was listed as the DH in the first game (he was the DH in all four Series games that year).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This practice lasted through <a href="/wiki/1985_World_Series" title="1985 World Series">1985</a>. Beginning in the <a href="/wiki/1986_World_Series" title="1986 World Series">1986 World Series</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the DH rule was used in games played in the stadium of the American League representative.<sup id="cite_ref-dh_rule_world_series_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dh_rule_world_series-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There was initially no DH in the <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_All-Star_Game" title="Major League Baseball All-Star Game">All-Star Game</a>. Beginning in 1989, the rule was applied only to games played in American League stadiums.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this era, if the All-Star Game was scheduled for an American League stadium, fans would vote for the DH for the American League's starting lineup, while the National League's manager decided that league's starting DH. Since 2010, the designated hitter has been used by both teams regardless of where the game is played.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For the <a href="/wiki/2021_Major_League_Baseball_All-Star_Game" title="2021 Major League Baseball All-Star Game">2021 All-Star Game</a>, MLB granted an exception to the normal designated hitter rule because <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Angels" title="Los Angeles Angels">Los Angeles Angels</a>' <a href="/wiki/Shohei_Ohtani" title="Shohei Ohtani">Shohei Ohtani</a> was selected as both starting designated hitter and starting pitcher. Ohtani started the game as both a pitcher and the DH and was replaced as pitcher after one inning but remained in the game as the DH without the American League having to forfeit the use of a DH. The American League would have lost the DH if either Ohtani, or a player replacing him at DH, had played a position in the field other than pitcher.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background_and_history">Background and history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Designated_hitter&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Background and history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatleft" style="width:25%; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <p>Every patron of the game is conversant with the utter worthlessness of the average pitcher when he goes up to try and hit the ball. </p> </blockquote> <p style="padding-bottom: 0;"><cite class="right-aligned" style=""><i>The Sporting Life</i>, December 19, 1891<sup id="cite_ref-SportingLife1891_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SportingLife1891-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></p> </div> <p>The rationale for the designated hitter rule arose early in the history of professional baseball. During the 1880s, an increased emphasis on improving the specialized skill of pitching contributed to a decline in pitcher <a href="/wiki/Batting_average_(baseball)" title="Batting average (baseball)">batting averages</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cronin_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cronin-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1891, during negotiations surrounding the merger of the <a href="/wiki/American_Association_(1882%E2%80%931891)" title="American Association (1882–1891)">American Association</a> and <a href="/wiki/National_League_(baseball)" title="National League (baseball)">National League</a>, team executives J. Walter Spalding of <a href="/wiki/New_York_Giants_(baseball)" title="New York Giants (baseball)">New York</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Chase_Temple" title="William Chase Temple">William Chase Temple</a> of <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Pirates" title="Pittsburgh Pirates">Pittsburgh</a> proposed competing ideas to eliminate the pitcher from the batting order.<sup id="cite_ref-SportingLife1891_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SportingLife1891-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cronin_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cronin-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Temple's proposal "favored the substitution of another man to take the pitcher's place at the bat when it came his turn to go there," while Spalding proposed removing the pitcher's turn from the batting order, reducing its length to eight players.<sup id="cite_ref-SportingLife1891_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SportingLife1891-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Temple's proposal was voted down by a narrow margin prior to the 1892 season.<sup id="cite_ref-Cronin_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cronin-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The idea of a designated hitter was raised by <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Athletics" title="Philadelphia Athletics">Philadelphia Athletics</a> manager <a href="/wiki/Connie_Mack" title="Connie Mack">Connie Mack</a> in 1906,<sup id="cite_ref-SI_Wulf_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI_Wulf-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, his proposal received little support. </p><p>Pitchers rejected the idea of giving up hitting. In 1910, <a href="/wiki/Addie_Joss" title="Addie Joss">Addie Joss</a> stated, "if there is one thing that a pitcher would rather do than make the opposing batsmen look foolish, it is to step to the plate, especially in a pinch, and deliver the much-needed hit."<sup id="cite_ref-Cronin_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cronin-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 1918 article in <i><a href="/wiki/Baseball_Magazine" title="Baseball Magazine">Baseball Magazine</a></i> attributed to <a href="/wiki/Babe_Ruth" title="Babe Ruth">Babe Ruth</a> stated, "the pitcher who can't get in there in the pinch and win his own game with a healthy wallop, isn't more than half earning his salary in my way of thinking."<sup id="cite_ref-Cronin_17-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cronin-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, in the late 1920s, National League president <a href="/wiki/John_Heydler" title="John Heydler">John Heydler</a> made several attempts to introduce a 10th-man designated hitter as a way to add more offense to the game.<sup id="cite_ref-SI_Wulf_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI_Wulf-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several managers were interested in the idea and intended to implement it during <a href="/wiki/Spring_training" title="Spring training">spring training</a> in 1929.<sup id="cite_ref-Cronin_17-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cronin-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Heydler's proposal was not adopted as an official rule change, and he advised teams to have pitchers bat during spring training in order for them to prepare for the regular season.<sup id="cite_ref-Cronin_17-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cronin-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Serious momentum to implement the designated hitter was absent until the pitching dominance of the late 1960s. In 1968, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Gibson" title="Bob Gibson">Bob Gibson</a> led the major leagues with a <a href="/wiki/Live-ball_era" title="Live-ball era">live-ball era</a> record 1.12 <a href="/wiki/Earned_run_average" title="Earned run average">ERA</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For the first time since 1908, the <a href="/wiki/American_League" title="American League">American</a> and National Leagues had a collective batting average below .240;<sup id="cite_ref-leagueAverages_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leagueAverages-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Carl_Yastrzemski" title="Carl Yastrzemski">Carl Yastrzemski</a> led the American League in hitting with only a .301 mark.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the season, in order to increase offensive output, the height of the <a href="/wiki/Pitcher%27s_mound" class="mw-redirect" title="Pitcher's mound">pitcher's mound</a> was reduced from 15 to 10 inches (38 to 25 cm), and the upper limit of the <a href="/wiki/Strike_zone" title="Strike zone">strike zone</a> was lowered from the top of a batter's shoulders to his armpits.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1969, the <a href="/wiki/International_League" title="International League">International League</a> and four other minor leagues began a four-year trial period for the designated hitter.<sup id="cite_ref-Cronin_17-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cronin-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lglzemns_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lglzemns-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The American League allowed its use in spring training in 1971,<sup id="cite_ref-sbuhtrs_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sbuhtrs-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, when the minor league trial period ended, the American and National Leagues could not agree on implementation.<sup id="cite_ref-Cronin_17-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cronin-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Like other experimental baseball rule changes of the 1960s and 1970s, the DH was embraced by <a href="/wiki/Oakland_Athletics" class="mw-redirect" title="Oakland Athletics">Oakland Athletics</a> owner <a href="/wiki/Charlie_O._Finley" class="mw-redirect" title="Charlie O. Finley">Charlie O. Finley</a>. On January 11, 1973, Finley and the other American League owners voted 8–4 to approve the designated hitter for a three-year trial run.<sup id="cite_ref-Cronin_17-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cronin-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SI_Wulf_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI_Wulf-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lglzemns_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lglzemns-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ppalpiph_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ppalpiph-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-altudph_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-altudph-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The National League chose not to implement the DH; it was intended for the two leagues to agree on a common rule at the end of the American League's trial.<sup id="cite_ref-Cronin_17-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cronin-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On April 6, 1973, <a href="/wiki/Ron_Blomberg" title="Ron Blomberg">Ron Blomberg</a> of the <a href="/wiki/1973_New_York_Yankees_season" title="1973 New York Yankees season">New York Yankees</a> became the first designated hitter in MLB history, facing <a href="/wiki/1973_Boston_Red_Sox_season" title="1973 Boston Red Sox season">Boston Red Sox</a> right-hander <a href="/wiki/Luis_Tiant" title="Luis Tiant">Luis Tiant</a> in his first <a href="/wiki/Plate_appearance" title="Plate appearance">plate appearance</a>. Blomberg was <a href="/wiki/Base_on_balls" title="Base on balls">walked</a> on five pitches with the bases loaded in the first inning.<sup id="cite_ref-bwlpy_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bwlpy-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bbyblmb_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbyblmb-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As expected, the American League posted a higher batting average than the National League in 1973. This trend held in every season in which the American League employed the designated hitter but the National League did not between 1973 and 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-leagueAverages_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leagueAverages-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the end of its three-year trial period, the American League kept the designated hitter, while the National League still refused to adopt it. In response to increases in American League attendance because of the DH,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the National League held a vote on August 13, 1980, to determine whether or not to adopt it. A majority of the 12 member teams was necessary to pass the rule, and the measure was expected to pass.<sup id="cite_ref-phillies_abstain_DH_vote_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-phillies_abstain_DH_vote-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, when the teams were informed that the rule would not take effect until the 1982 season, <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Phillies" title="Philadelphia Phillies">Philadelphia Phillies</a> vice president <a href="/wiki/Bill_Giles_(baseball)" title="Bill Giles (baseball)">Bill Giles</a> was unsure of how the team owner, <a href="/wiki/Ruly_Carpenter" title="Ruly Carpenter">Ruly Carpenter</a>, wanted him to vote. Unable to contact Carpenter, who was on a fishing trip, Giles was forced to abstain from voting.<sup id="cite_ref-phillies_abstain_DH_vote_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-phillies_abstain_DH_vote-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prior to the meeting, <a href="/wiki/Harding_Peterson" title="Harding Peterson">Harding Peterson</a>, general manager for the Pittsburgh Pirates, was told to side with the Phillies however they voted. The final tally was four teams voting for the DH (the <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves" title="Atlanta Braves">Atlanta Braves</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_Mets" title="New York Mets">New York Mets</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Cardinals" title="St. Louis Cardinals">St. Louis Cardinals</a>, and <a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Padres" title="San Diego Padres">San Diego Padres</a>), five votes against (the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Cubs" title="Chicago Cubs">Chicago Cubs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Reds" title="Cincinnati Reds">Cincinnati Reds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Dodgers" title="Los Angeles Dodgers">Los Angeles Dodgers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montreal_Expos" title="Montreal Expos">Montreal Expos</a>, and <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Giants" title="San Francisco Giants">San Francisco Giants</a>), and three abstentions (the Phillies, Pirates, and <a href="/wiki/Houston_Astros" title="Houston Astros">Houston Astros</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-ppgppss_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ppgppss-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Five days after that meeting, the Cardinals fired their general manager, <a href="/wiki/John_Claiborne_(baseball_executive)" title="John Claiborne (baseball executive)">John Claiborne</a>, who was the leading proponent for the adoption of the DH rule, and the National League never held another vote on the issue.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The designated hitter was not used in the <a href="/wiki/World_Series" title="World Series">World Series</a> from 1973 to 1975.<sup id="cite_ref-Cronin_17-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cronin-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 1976 and 1985, the DH was used in the World Series during even-numbered years, while pitchers batted in odd-numbered years.<sup id="cite_ref-Cronin_17-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cronin-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1986, the rule was changed to implement designated hitters only in World Series games in which the home team was from the American League.<sup id="cite_ref-Cronin_17-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cronin-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This rule was also adopted for <a href="/wiki/Interleague_play" title="Interleague play">interleague play</a> during the regular season upon its introduction in 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-Cronin_17-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cronin-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As time passed, the designated hitter rule enabled American League managers to employ diverse strategies in setting their teams' lineups. Managers could rotate the DH role among part-time players (for example, using a left-handed batter against a right-handed pitcher and vice versa), or they could employ a full-time designated hitter against all pitchers. Healthy regular lineup players gained the ability to take a partial day off by not playing the field, while aging, injured, and injury prone players gained the opportunity to bat without being exposed to re-injury while fielding.<sup id="cite_ref-Designated_Hitter_{{!}}_Glossary_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Designated_Hitter_{{!}}_Glossary-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2009<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Designated_hitter&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, only a handful of players compiled over 400 at-bats as a DH each year.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Astros moved to the American League in 2013, giving each league 15 teams and requiring interleague play throughout the entire season. There was debate within MLB to unify the rules of the two leagues, with either the American League returning to its pre-1973 rules and having the pitcher hit or the National League adopting the DH.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In January 2016, MLB commissioner <a href="/wiki/Rob_Manfred" title="Rob Manfred">Rob Manfred</a> indicated that consideration was given to the National League adopting the DH for the 2017 season, when a new collective bargaining agreement would take effect.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, he later backtracked, saying that he did not envision such a change being made in the near future.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Accordingly, the DH rule was not then adopted by the National League.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2020, as a health and safety measure due to the <a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_baseball" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on baseball">impact of the COVID-19 pandemic</a>, the National League used the DH for the first time.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For the first time since 1972 (the final year before the American League adopted the DH), the National League had the higher seasonal batting average of the two leagues.<sup id="cite_ref-leagueAverages_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leagueAverages-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At least one of the proposals released during negotiations between MLB and the <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_Players_Association" title="Major League Baseball Players Association">Major League Baseball Players' Association</a> (MLBPA) regarding the 2021 season's rules included the so-called "universal DH," but an impasse led to a temporary return to National League pitchers hitting in that year.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On April 4, 2021, an American League team voluntarily declined to use a designated hitter in their starting lineup for the first time since 1976, when the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Angels" title="Los Angeles Angels">Los Angeles Angels</a> placed starting pitcher <a href="/wiki/Shohei_Ohtani" title="Shohei Ohtani">Shohei Ohtani</a> second in the batting order.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was also the first time since 1903 that a pitcher had been listed as the second hitter in the starting lineup.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On June 23, 2021, Ohtani made history again when, for the first time, an AL team did not use the designated hitter and an NL team did. While the Angels declined the DH privilege, the visiting Giants opted to use it, starting <a href="/wiki/Alex_Dickerson" title="Alex Dickerson">Alex Dickerson</a> at DH.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On February 10, 2022, Manfred announced plans for a universal DH beginning with the <a href="/wiki/2022_MLB_season" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 MLB season">2022 season</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nldh_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nldh-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rule was ratified as part of a new collective bargaining agreement with the MLBPA on March 10, 2022,<sup id="cite_ref-:2_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> after which both leagues have continuously employed the designated hitter. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards">Awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Designated_hitter&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Baseball_Writers%27_Association_of_America" title="Baseball Writers' Association of America">Baseball Writers' Association of America</a> presents an annual award to the outstanding designated hitter of the season, called the <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Mart%C3%ADnez_Award" title="Edgar Martínez Award">Edgar Martínez Award</a>. Renamed for the former <a href="/wiki/Seattle_Mariners" title="Seattle Mariners">Seattle Mariners</a> DH after his retirement in 2004,<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Outstanding DH Award was introduced in 1973 and has been handed out every season since, except 1994 due to a players' strike. Multiple winners include <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Edgar Martínez">Edgar Martínez</a> (five times) and <a href="/wiki/David_Ortiz" title="David Ortiz">David Ortiz</a> (eight times, five consecutively).<sup id="cite_ref-David_Ortiz_DH_award_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-David_Ortiz_DH_award-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>DHs have generally not had much impact on the <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_Most_Valuable_Player_Award" title="Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player Award">Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player Award</a> or <a href="/wiki/National_Baseball_Hall_of_Fame" class="mw-redirect" title="National Baseball Hall of Fame">National Baseball Hall of Fame</a> voting, because of the relative rarity of the full-time DH and the DH not contributing defense.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2021, Shohei Ohtani became the first everyday DH to win league MVP honors, having played in 126 of 155 games (81.29%) at DH. However, Ohtani's MVP season was mainly due to his success as a <a href="/wiki/Two-way_player" title="Two-way player">two-way player</a>, having also logged 23 games as a pitcher and seven games in the outfield. In 2023, Ohtani won his second MVP award, playing 134 of 135 games as a DH that season while also pitching in 23 of those games. In 2024, Ohtani, now playing in the <a href="/wiki/National_League_(baseball)" title="National League (baseball)">National League</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Dodgers" title="Los Angeles Dodgers">Los Angeles Dodgers</a>, won his second consecutive MVP award, the first time the award was given to a player who exclusively played as a DH. Due to <a href="/wiki/Ulnar_collateral_ligament_reconstruction" title="Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction">Tommy John surgery</a> on his pitching elbow, Ohtani only played as a DH throughout the 2024 season.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the 1993 season <a href="/wiki/Paul_Molitor" title="Paul Molitor">Paul Molitor</a> became the first player to win the <a href="/wiki/World_Series_Most_Valuable_Player_Award" title="World Series Most Valuable Player Award">World Series Most Valuable Player Award</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while playing 137 of 160 games (85.63%) as a designated hitter. <a href="/wiki/Hideki_Matsui" title="Hideki Matsui">Hideki Matsui</a> (2009),<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/David_Ortiz" title="David Ortiz">David Ortiz</a> (2013),<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Soler" title="Jorge Soler">Jorge Soler</a> (2021)<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> were the only other designated hitters to win World Series MVP. Soler was also the only DH to win the award while a member of a National League team, having played for the <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves" title="Atlanta Braves">Atlanta Braves</a> in their World Series-winning season. In games played on National League parks, Ortiz and Molitor played at first base, while Soler played in right field in their World Series MVP seasons. On the other hand, Matsui became the only World Series MVP to never play in the field that season, as he came in as a <a href="/wiki/Pinch_hitter" title="Pinch hitter">pinch hitter</a> in the pitcher's spot but was never moved to a fielding position via a double switch during games played in a National League park.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ortiz was also the first designated hitter to win the <a href="/wiki/League_Championship_Series_Most_Valuable_Player_Award" title="League Championship Series Most Valuable Player Award">ALCS MVP</a> in 2004, followed by <a href="/wiki/Delmon_Young" title="Delmon Young">Delmon Young</a> in 2012, and <a href="/wiki/Yordan_Alvarez" title="Yordan Alvarez">Yordan Alvarez</a> in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Among Hall of Famers, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Molitor" title="Paul Molitor">Paul Molitor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jim_Rice" title="Jim Rice">Jim Rice</a> were, until 2014, the only inductees to even have played at least 25% of their games at DH, though Molitor played more games at DH than any other position during his career. In 2014, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Thomas_(designated_hitter)" title="Frank Thomas (designated hitter)">Frank Thomas</a> became the first Hall of Famer who played the majority of his games at DH.<sup id="cite_ref-frank_thomas_hall_DH_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-frank_thomas_hall_DH-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019, <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Edgar Martínez">Edgar Martínez</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harold_Baines" title="Harold Baines">Harold Baines</a> were inducted into the Hall of Fame.<sup id="cite_ref-Edgar_HOF_elected_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edgar_HOF_elected-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Martinez played over 70% of his games at DH. Baines played 1,643 of his 2,830 games at DH; he played only 63 games in the field between 1989 and the end of his career in 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2022, <a href="/wiki/David_Ortiz" title="David Ortiz">David Ortiz</a> became the first full-time DH to be elected to the Hall of Fame on his first ballot. Ortiz played 2,028 of his 2,306 career games (88%) at DH.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prior to 2020, only one <a href="/wiki/List_of_Silver_Slugger_Award_winners_at_designated_hitter" title="List of Silver Slugger Award winners at designated hitter">designated hitter Silver Slugger Award</a> was awarded, and only American League players were the recipients due to the National League still awarding a <a href="/wiki/List_of_Silver_Slugger_Award_winners_at_pitcher" title="List of Silver Slugger Award winners at pitcher">pitcher Silver Slugger Award</a>. In 2020, and since 2022, both American and National Leagues began awarding Silver Slugger Awards for designated hitters, the latter replacing the award given to pitchers. The first National League DH Silver Slugger Award was given to <a href="/wiki/Marcell_Ozuna" title="Marcell Ozuna">Marcell Ozuna</a> in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-SSAL_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SSAL-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SSNL_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SSNL-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2018, <a href="/wiki/J._D._Martinez" title="J. D. Martinez">J. D. Martinez</a> became the first and to date only player to win two Silver Slugger Awards in the same season, winning as both a designated hitter and a <a href="/wiki/Left_fielder" title="Left fielder">left fielder</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Debate">Debate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Designated_hitter&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Debate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There has been ongoing debate on the merits of the designated hitter rule. As <a href="#Background_and_history">noted before</a>, the original rationale was to replace pitchers in the batting order because they were generally considered weak hitters, and usually batted ninth or pinch-hit for late in games when their team was trailing.<sup id="cite_ref-SI_Wulf_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI_Wulf-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Critics have argued that use of the designated hitter causes asymmetry by separating players into offensive and defensive specialties akin to <a href="/wiki/American_football" title="American football">American football</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NFL_DH_comparison_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NFL_DH_comparison-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They believe the rule effectively separates pitchers, other fielders, and designated hitters into separate roles that never coincide, potentially promoting '<a href="/wiki/Batting_cage" title="Batting cage">batting cage</a>' players having extremely limited scope of experience. However, when the pitcher bats alongside everyone else, all nine players must take their turn at the plate and in the field, and the combined roles require that everyone knows other roles in addition to their own. </p><p>The designated hitter rule also changes managerial strategy in late innings. In the National League, a manager had to decide when to let a pitcher bat or remove him, as well as whom to pinch-hit and where or if that player should take the field afterward. When the decision to remove a pitcher is made, the manager may also elect to <a href="/wiki/Double_switch_(baseball)" title="Double switch (baseball)">double switch</a>, delaying the new pitcher's turn at bat. A designated hitter reduces the need for late-inning <a href="/wiki/Pinch_hitter" title="Pinch hitter">pinch hitters</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Advocates of the designated hitter<sup id="cite_ref-USATODAYproscons_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USATODAYproscons-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ESPNproscons_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ESPNproscons-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> point to the extension of many careers it has enabled, and, in a few cases, <i>created</i> long, productive careers for players who are weak fielders or have a history of injuries, such as <a href="/wiki/Cecil_Fielder" title="Cecil Fielder">Cecil Fielder</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_Ortiz" title="David Ortiz">David Ortiz</a>. <a href="/wiki/Baseball_Hall_of_Fame" class="mw-redirect" title="Baseball Hall of Fame">Hall of Fame</a> members <a href="/wiki/George_Brett" title="George Brett">George Brett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carl_Yastrzemski" title="Carl Yastrzemski">Carl Yastrzemski</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Molitor" title="Paul Molitor">Paul Molitor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Baines" title="Harold Baines">Harold Baines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Edgar Martínez">Edgar Martínez</a> continued their careers longer than they ordinarily would have without the rule.<sup id="cite_ref-USATODAYproscons_71-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USATODAYproscons-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Barry_Bonds" title="Barry Bonds">Barry Bonds</a>, who spent his entire career in the National League and even won eight <a href="/wiki/Rawlings_Gold_Glove_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Rawlings Gold Glove Award">Gold Gloves</a> earlier in his career,<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was used strictly as a DH later in his career when the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Giants" title="San Francisco Giants">San Francisco Giants</a> played away interleague games because of his diminishing fielding skills.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some believe that extending careers of older players is more of a disadvantage than an advantage, filling spots that otherwise may have been taken by younger players who end up not finding a place in the major leagues. </p><p>Prior to the introduction of the universal DH, <a href="/wiki/Interleague_play" title="Interleague play">interleague play</a> added a new wrinkle to the controversy, as the AL team always had the advantage. The NL team had to put a bench player into the lineup when the game was played in AL parks. Even though the AL team had to play without their DH in NL parks, that left them with a starting player available to pinch-hit and/or come in as a substitute player later in the game, as opposed to a bench player on the NL team. <a href="/wiki/Baseball_Commissioner" class="mw-redirect" title="Baseball Commissioner">Major League Baseball Commissioner</a> <a href="/wiki/Bud_Selig" title="Bud Selig">Bud Selig</a> once proposed that the <a href="/wiki/Road_(sports)" title="Road (sports)">road</a> team's rules should be followed for interleague games in order to combat this home team advantage, but the idea never received traction.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The decline of pitcher <a href="/wiki/Chien-Ming_Wang" title="Chien-Ming Wang">Chien-Ming Wang</a> due to an interleague game injury has been cited in support of the designated hitter.<sup id="cite_ref-theday_DH_support_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theday_DH_support-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYTimes_2015_DH_support_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes_2015_DH_support-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On June 15, 2008, Wang, at the time one of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Yankees" title="New York Yankees">New York Yankees</a>' best pitchers, was taken out of an interleague game versus the <a href="/wiki/Houston_Astros" title="Houston Astros">Houston Astros</a> due to a right foot injury he sustained while running the bases,<sup id="cite_ref-NYTimes_Wang_Injury_2008_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes_Wang_Injury_2008-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> something he was not used to doing, since pitchers do not bat in the American League. Wang was diagnosed with a torn <a href="/wiki/Lisfranc_ligament" title="Lisfranc ligament">Lisfranc ligament</a> and a partial tear of the <a href="/wiki/Peroneus_longus" class="mw-redirect" title="Peroneus longus">peroneus longus</a> of the right foot. The cast was removed on July 29, but the extensive rehabilitation process prevented Wang from being an effective pitcher afterwards at the major league level.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTimes_2015_DH_support_78-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes_2015_DH_support-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yankees part-owner <a href="/wiki/Hank_Steinbrenner" title="Hank Steinbrenner">Hank Steinbrenner</a> showed frustration with pitchers having to bat in the National League and suggested that the league "join the modern age".<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Outside_of_Major_League_Baseball">Outside of Major League Baseball</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Designated_hitter&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Outside of Major League Baseball"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nippon_Professional_Baseball">Nippon Professional Baseball</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Designated_hitter&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Nippon Professional Baseball"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Japan's <a href="/wiki/Pacific_League" title="Pacific League">Pacific League</a> adopted the designated hitter in 1975, just two years after its adoption in the American League.<sup id="cite_ref-pacific_league_1975_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pacific_league_1975-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Japan's <a href="/wiki/Central_League" title="Central League">Central League</a> has not adopted the designated hitter – the only top-level professional league in the world to refrain from doing so as of 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-central_and_national_league_no_DH_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-central_and_national_league_no_DH-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When teams from different leagues play against each other in the <a href="/wiki/Japan_Series" title="Japan Series">Japan Series</a> or interleague games, the DH rule is adopted if the Pacific League's team hosts the game, similar to the MLB rules before the universal DH.<sup id="cite_ref-pacific_league_1975_81-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pacific_league_1975-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mexican_League">Mexican League</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Designated_hitter&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Mexican League"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Mexican_League" title="Mexican League">Mexican League</a> introduced the designated hitter in 1974, one year after the American League.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Winter_league_baseball">Winter league baseball</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Designated_hitter&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Winter league baseball"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Cuban_National_Series" title="Cuban National Series">Cuban National Series</a> adopted the designated hitter in 1977. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minor_League_Baseball">Minor League Baseball</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Designated_hitter&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Minor League Baseball"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The DH is used for all <a href="/wiki/Minor_League_Baseball" title="Minor League Baseball">Minor League Baseball</a> (MiLB) games. Prior to the adoption of the DH by the National League in 2022, only Rookie and Single-A level leagues used the DH rule in all games, while Double-A and Triple-A games, when both teams were National League affiliates the designated hitter was not used. The reason for the difference was that as players get closer to reaching the majors, teams preferred to have the rules mimic those of the major league teams for which the players may soon be playing.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_League_of_Professional_Baseball" title="Atlantic League of Professional Baseball">Atlantic League</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Independent_baseball_league" title="Independent baseball league">independent minor league</a> that became an MLB Partner League after the 2021 MiLB reorganization, implemented an experimental "double-hook rule" for its 2021 season. Under this rule, once a team removes its starting pitcher it loses the right to use a DH for the rest of the game.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The "double hook" rule was modified for the 2022 Atlantic League season. The change allows a team whose starting pitcher who goes at least five innings to keep its DH.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Amateur_baseball">Amateur baseball</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Designated_hitter&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Amateur baseball"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In American high schools and other amateur baseball leagues that use <a href="/wiki/National_Federation_of_State_High_School_Associations" title="National Federation of State High School Associations">National Federation of State High School Associations</a> (NFHS) rules, a DH may bat in place of one player in any position, not just a pitcher.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many coaches use a designated hitter in place of the weakest hitter in the lineup, if they use one at all. In amateur baseball, many pitchers are also good hitters and will often play another position (or even DH) when not pitching. </p><p>In 2020, NFHS rules were modified to also add a "Player/DH" rule where a player may start the game with offensive and defensive roles, and be substituted out only on defense while remaining in the game on offense as a DH.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/High_school_baseball_in_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="High school baseball in Japan">Japanese high school baseball</a> is one of the few amateur baseball leagues in the world that has never used the designated hitter rule at all. In <a href="/wiki/High_school_baseball_in_South_Korea" title="High school baseball in South Korea">high school baseball in South Korea</a>, the rule has been adopted since 2004. <a href="/wiki/American_Legion" title="American Legion">American Legion</a> rules, on the other hand, allow the DH only to bat for the pitcher; prior to 1995, the use of the DH was not allowed in Legion baseball at all. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/College_baseball" title="College baseball">college baseball</a>, <a href="/wiki/NCAA" class="mw-redirect" title="NCAA">NCAA</a> rules<sup id="cite_ref-NCAA_rules_college_baseball_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NCAA_rules_college_baseball-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> state that the designated hitter must hit for the pitcher, but in many instances the pitcher is also a good hitter, and the coach may elect to let the pitcher bat in the lineup. If the pitcher opts to bat for himself, he is treated as two separate positions – a pitcher and a designated hitter (abbreviated P/DH on the lineup card) – and may be substituted for as such (i.e. if he is removed as the pitcher, he may remain as the designated hitter and vice versa). However, if a player who starts a game as a P/DH is relieved as the starting pitcher, he may not return to the mound even if he remains in the game as the DH, and he may not play any other defensive position after being relieved as the pitcher unless he immediately moves to another defensive position, in which case the new pitcher must assume the spot in the batting order of the fielder the P/DH substituted for, and the DH is lost for the remainder of the game. Conversely, a player who begins the game as the DH, but not as the pitcher, may come into the game as a reliever and remain as the DH (in effect becoming a P/DH), be relieved on the mound later in the game but continue to bat as the DH. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Little_League_Baseball" title="Little League Baseball">Little League Baseball</a>, the DH is not used except in the Senior League (age 15–16) division, where the DH can bat in place of any defensive player.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, a league may adopt a rule which requires all players present and able to play to be listed in the batting order (such that the order contains more than nine players), and thus all players will have a turn to bat even when they are not assigned a fielding position. Players in the batting lineup without a position on the field are given the position designation <i>extra hitter</i> (EH), a position seen occasionally in other amateur organizations (both youth and adult) - and integrated as the "10th man" of <a href="/wiki/Savannah_Bananas" title="Savannah Bananas">Savannah Bananas</a> exhibition ballgames since 2020 as part of the lineup alongside the DH. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Designated_hitter&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Baseball.svg/28px-Baseball.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Baseball.svg/42px-Baseball.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Baseball.svg/56px-Baseball.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="520" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Baseball" title="Portal:Baseball">Baseball portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWill1990" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/George_Will" title="George Will">Will, George F.</a> (1990). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/menatworkcraftof00will"><i>Men at Work: The Craft of Baseball</i></a></span>. Harper Collins. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780060973728" title="Special:BookSources/9780060973728"><bdi>9780060973728</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Men+at+Work%3A+The+Craft+of+Baseball&rft.pub=Harper+Collins&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=9780060973728&rft.aulast=Will&rft.aufirst=George+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmenatworkcraftof00will&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADesignated+hitter" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcKelvey2004" class="citation book cs1">McKelvey, G. Richard (2004). <i>All Bat, No Glove: A History of the Designated Hitter</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=All+Bat%2C+No+Glove%3A+A+History+of+the+Designated+Hitter&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=McKelvey&rft.aufirst=G.+Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADesignated+hitter" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDickey1980" class="citation book cs1">Dickey, Glenn (1980). <i>The History of American League Baseball</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+American+League+Baseball&rft.date=1980&rft.aulast=Dickey&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADesignated+hitter" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson1999" class="citation book cs1">Johnson, Lloyd (1999). <i>Baseball's Book of Firsts</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Baseball%27s+Book+of+Firsts&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Lloyd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADesignated+hitter" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMahony2014" class="citation book cs1">Mahony, Phillip (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140813034018/http://www.baseballexplained.com/"><i>Baseball Explained</i></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.baseballexplained.com">the original</a> on August 13, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Baseball+Explained&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Mahony&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baseballexplained.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADesignated+hitter" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Designated_hitter&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Edgar_HOF_elected-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Edgar_HOF_elected_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Edgar_HOF_elected_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohns2019" class="citation web cs1">Johns, Greg (January 22, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/news/edgar-martinez-elected-into-hall-of-fame-c303001174">"Edgar elected into HOF in final year of eligibility"</a>. <i>MLB.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 11,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MLB.com&rft.atitle=Edgar+elected+into+HOF+in+final+year+of+eligibility&rft.date=2019-01-22&rft.aulast=Johns&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mlb.com%2Fnews%2Fedgar-martinez-elected-into-hall-of-fame-c303001174&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADesignated+hitter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Designated_Hitter_{{!}}_Glossary-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Designated_Hitter_{{!}}_Glossary_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Designated_Hitter_{{!}}_Glossary_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/glossary/positions/designated-hitter">"Designated Hitter | Glossary"</a>. <i>MLB.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 6,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MLB.com&rft.atitle=Designated+Hitter+%7C+Glossary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mlb.com%2Fglossary%2Fpositions%2Fdesignated-hitter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADesignated+hitter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-baseball_rules_(5.11_and_otherwise)-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-baseball_rules_(5.11_and_otherwise)_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-baseball_rules_(5.11_and_otherwise)_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mlb.mlb.com/mlb/downloads/y2015/official_baseball_rules.pdf">"Official Baseball Rules 2015 edition"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. December 10, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 4,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+Baseball+Rules+2015+edition&rft.date=2014-12-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmlb.mlb.com%2Fmlb%2Fdownloads%2Fy2015%2Fofficial_baseball_rules.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADesignated+hitter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SI_Wulf-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SI_Wulf_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SI_Wulf_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SI_Wulf_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SI_Wulf_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SI_Wulf_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWulf,_Steve1993" class="citation magazine cs1">Wulf, Steve (April 5, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vault.si.com/vault/1993/04/05/distinguished-history-who-was-the-first-designated-hitter-ron-blombergs-name-may-be-a-bit-of-trivia-but-the-impact-of-the-dh-since-73-has-not-been-trivial">"Distinguished History"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated" title="Sports Illustrated">Sports Illustrated</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 31,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=Distinguished+History&rft.date=1993-04-05&rft.au=Wulf%2C+Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvault.si.com%2Fvault%2F1993%2F04%2F05%2Fdistinguished-history-who-was-the-first-designated-hitter-ron-blombergs-name-may-be-a-bit-of-trivia-but-the-impact-of-the-dh-since-73-has-not-been-trivial&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADesignated+hitter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlexander1991" class="citation book cs1">Alexander, Charles C. (1991). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ourgameamerican000alex/page/290"><i>Our Game: An American Baseball History</i></a></span>. Macmillan. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ourgameamerican000alex/page/290">290</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780805015942" title="Special:BookSources/9780805015942"><bdi>9780805015942</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Our+Game%3A+An+American+Baseball+History&rft.pages=290&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=9780805015942&rft.aulast=Alexander&rft.aufirst=Charles+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fourgameamerican000alex%2Fpage%2F290&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADesignated+hitter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-central_and_national_league_no_DH-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-central_and_national_league_no_DH_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-central_and_national_league_no_DH_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRingolsby2016" class="citation web cs1">Ringolsby, Tracy (January 20, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/news/national-league-could-add-dh-before-long/c-162404308">"Tide is turning toward a universal DH"</a>. Major League Baseball<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 22,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tide+is+turning+toward+a+universal+DH&rft.pub=Major+League+Baseball&rft.date=2016-01-20&rft.aulast=Ringolsby&rft.aufirst=Tracy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mlb.com%2Fnews%2Fnational-league-could-add-dh-before-long%2Fc-162404308&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADesignated+hitter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MLB_DH_glossary-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MLB_DH_glossary_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MLB_DH_glossary_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MLB_DH_glossary_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MLB_DH_glossary_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://m.mlb.com/glossary/rules/designated-hitter-rule">"What is a Designated Hitter Rule? | Glossary"</a>. <i>Major League Baseball</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 12,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Major+League+Baseball&rft.atitle=What+is+a+Designated+Hitter+Rule%3F+%26%23124%3B+Glossary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fm.mlb.com%2Fglossary%2Frules%2Fdesignated-hitter-rule&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADesignated+hitter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-shohei-ohtani-rule-approved-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-shohei-ohtani-rule-approved_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/press-release/press-release-mlb-mlbpa-announce-rule-changes-for-2022-season">"MLB, MLBPA announce rule changes for 2022 season"</a>. <i>MLB.com</i>. March 31, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 31,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MLB.com&rft.atitle=MLB%2C+MLBPA+announce+rule+changes+for+2022+season&rft.date=2021-03-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mlb.com%2Fpress-release%2Fpress-release-mlb-mlbpa-announce-rule-changes-for-2022-season&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADesignated+hitter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baseball-reference.com/boxes/TEX/TEX199706120.shtml">"June 12, 1997 San Francisco Giants at Texas Rangers Box Score and Play by Play"</a>. Baseball-Reference.com. June 12, 1997<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 13,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.rutherford-ll.info&rft.atitle=Little+League+Rules&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rutherford-ll.info%2Frules.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADesignated+hitter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Designated_hitter&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChen2011" class="citation magazine cs1">Chen, Albert (April 11, 2011). "Going, Going ... Gone?: Adam Dunn is powerful, plodding, productive and very well paid—and in today's game, he's a dinosaur. In an era that values run prevention and lineup flexibility, the DH as we knew it is a dying breed". <i><a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated" title="Sports Illustrated">Sports Illustrated</a></i>. p. 53.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=Going%2C+Going+...+Gone%3F%3A+Adam+Dunn+is+powerful%2C+plodding%2C+productive+and+very+well+paid%E2%80%94and+in+today%27s+game%2C+he%27s+a+dinosaur.+In+an+era+that+values+run+prevention+and+lineup+flexibility%2C+the+DH+as+we+knew+it+is+a+dying+breed&rft.pages=53&rft.date=2011-04-11&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Albert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADesignated+hitter" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Designated_hitter&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/glossary/rules/designated-hitter-rule">Rule 6.10</a>, the Designated Hitter Rule, from MLB's Official Rules</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070221154401/http://www.wcfia.harvard.edu/seminars/pegroup/ZornGill2006.pdf">The Etiology of Public Support for the Designated Hitter Rule</a>, by Christopher Zorn and Jeff Gill, June 1, 2006</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2004/12/12/magazine/12DESIGNATED.html?ex=1260594000&en=3f4dc5f4f3dea39c&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland">The Designated Hitter as Moral Hazard</a>, by Daniel H. Pink, December 12, 2004</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120723005329/http://thegoodpoint.com/2011/08/designated-hitters-role-in-baseball/">The Designated Hitter's Place in Baseball</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/16-inch_softball" title="16-inch softball">16-inch softball</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ballpark" title="Ballpark">Ballpark</a>/<a href="/wiki/Baseball_field" title="Baseball field">field</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Backstop_(baseball)" class="mw-redirect" title="Backstop (baseball)">Backstop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_field" title="Baseball field">Baseball diamond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batter%27s_box" class="mw-redirect" title="Batter's box">Batter's box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batter%27s_eye" title="Batter's eye">Batter's eye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullpen" title="Bullpen">Bullpen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dugout_(baseball)" title="Dugout (baseball)">Dugout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foul_pole" class="mw-redirect" title="Foul pole">Foul pole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foul_ball" title="Foul ball">Foul territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infield" title="Infield">Infield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On-deck" title="On-deck">On-deck circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outfield" title="Outfield">Outfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warning_track" title="Warning track">Warning track</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Baseball_clothing_and_equipment" title="Baseball clothing and equipment">Equipment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_(ball)" title="Baseball (ball)">Ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_bat" title="Baseball bat">Bat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batting_cage" title="Batting cage">Batting cage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batting_glove" title="Batting glove">Batting glove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batting_helmet" title="Batting helmet">Batting helmet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_cap" title="Baseball cap">Cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_doughnut" title="Baseball doughnut">Doughnut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_glove" title="Baseball glove">Glove (defense)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitching_machine" title="Pitching machine">Pitching machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jockstrap#Protective_cup" title="Jockstrap">Protective cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shin_guard" title="Shin guard">Shin guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_stirrups" title="Baseball stirrups">Stirrups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_uniform" title="Baseball uniform">Uniform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniform_number_(Major_League_Baseball)" title="Uniform number (Major League Baseball)">Uniform number</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Game process</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batting_order_(baseball)" title="Batting order (baseball)">Batting order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inning" title="Inning">Innings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Extra_innings" title="Extra innings">extra innings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Out_(baseball)" title="Out (baseball)">Out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_positions" title="Baseball positions">Positions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Run_(baseball)" title="Run (baseball)">Run</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pace_of_play" title="Pace of play">Pace of play</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Batting_(baseball)" title="Batting (baseball)">Batting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/At_bat" title="At bat">At bat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_chop" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore chop">Baltimore chop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bat_flip" title="Bat flip">Bat flip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batted_ball" title="Batted ball">Batted ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Count_(baseball)" title="Count (baseball)">Batting count</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batting_out_of_turn" title="Batting out of turn">Batting out of order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunt_(baseball)" title="Bunt (baseball)">Bunt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sacrifice_bunt" title="Sacrifice bunt">sacrifice bunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slap_bunt" title="Slap bunt">slap bunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squeeze_play_(baseball)" title="Squeeze play (baseball)">squeeze play</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charging_the_mound" title="Charging the mound">Charging the mound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Checked_swing" title="Checked swing">Checked swing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleanup_hitter" title="Cleanup hitter">Cleanup hitter</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Designated hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_(baseball)" title="Double (baseball)">Double</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_switch_(baseball)" title="Double switch (baseball)">Double switch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foul_ball" title="Foul ball">Foul ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foul_tip" title="Foul tip">Foul tip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_sombrero" title="Golden sombrero">Golden sombrero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_rule_double" title="Ground rule double">Ground rule double</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hat-trick#Baseball" title="Hat-trick">Hat trick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hit_(baseball)" title="Hit (baseball)">Hit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hit_and_run_(baseball)" title="Hit and run (baseball)">Hit and run</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hit_by_pitch" title="Hit by pitch">Hit by pitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hitting_for_the_cycle" title="Hitting for the cycle">Hitting for the cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Home_run" title="Home run">Home run</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_slam_(baseball)" title="Grand slam (baseball)">Grand slam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inside-the-park_home_run" title="Inside-the-park home run">Inside-the-park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walk-off_home_run" title="Walk-off home run">Walk-off</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moonshot_(baseball)" class="mw-redirect" title="Moonshot (baseball)">Moonshot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_home_run" title="Chinese home run">Chinese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infield_hit" title="Infield hit">Infield hit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leadoff_hitter" title="Leadoff hitter">Leadoff hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lefty-righty_switch" title="Lefty-righty switch">Lefty-righty switch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Line_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Line drive">Line drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mendoza_Line" title="Mendoza Line">Mendoza Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On-deck" title="On-deck">On-deck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plate_appearance" title="Plate appearance">Plate appearance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platoon_system" title="Platoon system">Platoon system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pull_hitter" title="Pull hitter">Pull hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrifice_fly" title="Sacrifice fly">Sacrifice fly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_(baseball)" title="Single (baseball)">Single</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strikeout" title="Strikeout">Strikeout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strike_zone" title="Strike zone">Strike zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_spot_(sports)" title="Sweet spot (sports)">Sweet spot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switch_hitter" title="Switch hitter">Switch hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triple_(baseball)" title="Triple (baseball)">Triple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Base_on_balls" title="Base on balls">Walk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pitch_(baseball)" title="Pitch (baseball)">Pitching</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Pitch_(softball)" title="Pitch (softball)">(softball)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balk" title="Balk">Balk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beanball" title="Beanball">Beanball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breaking_ball" title="Breaking ball">Breaking ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brushback_pitch" title="Brushback pitch">Brushback pitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changeup" title="Changeup">Changeup</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vulcan_changeup" title="Vulcan changeup">Vulcan changeup</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curveball" title="Curveball">Curveball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eephus_pitch" title="Eephus pitch">Eephus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emery_ball" title="Emery ball">Emery ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fastball" title="Fastball">Fastball</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Two-seam_fastball" title="Two-seam fastball">two-seam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four-seam_fastball" title="Four-seam fastball">four-seam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cut_fastball" title="Cut fastball">cutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinker_(pitch)" title="Sinker (pitch)">sinker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Split-finger_fastball" title="Split-finger fastball">split-finger</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_count" class="mw-redirect" title="Full count">Full count</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_pitchers_who_have_thrown_an_immaculate_inning" title="List of Major League Baseball pitchers who have thrown an immaculate inning">Immaculate inning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inside_pitching" title="Inside pitching">Inside pitching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intentional_balk" title="Intentional balk">Intentional balk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intentional_base_on_balls" title="Intentional base on balls">Intentional walk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knuckleball" title="Knuckleball">Knuckleball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maddux_(statistic)" title="Maddux (statistic)">Maddux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No-hitter" title="No-hitter">No-hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perfect_game_(baseball)" title="Perfect game (baseball)">Perfect game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickoff" title="Pickoff">Pickoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitch_count" title="Pitch count">Pitch count</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitching_position" title="Pitching position">Pitching position</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitchout" title="Pitchout">Pitchout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quick_pitch" class="mw-redirect" title="Quick pitch">Quick pitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screwball" title="Screwball">Screwball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shutout_(baseball)" title="Shutout (baseball)">Shutout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slider_(pitch)" title="Slider (pitch)">Slider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spitball" title="Spitball">Spitball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strikeout" title="Strikeout">Strikeout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strike_zone" title="Strike zone">Strike zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Striking_out_the_side" title="Striking out the side">Striking out the side</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switch_pitcher" title="Switch pitcher">Switch pitcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_of_pitch" class="mw-redirect" title="Time of pitch">Time of pitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_pitch" title="Wild pitch">Wild pitch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Base_running" title="Base running">Base running</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balk" title="Balk">Balk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bases_loaded" class="mw-redirect" title="Bases loaded">Bases loaded</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caught_stealing" title="Caught stealing">Caught stealing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hit_and_run_(baseball)" title="Hit and run (baseball)">Hit and run</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lead_off" title="Lead off">Lead off</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left_on_base" class="mw-redirect" title="Left on base">Left on base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obstruction_(baseball)" title="Obstruction (baseball)">Obstruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rundown" title="Rundown">Rundown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safe_(baseball)" title="Safe (baseball)">Safe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scoring_position" title="Scoring position">Scoring position</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slide_(baseball)" title="Slide (baseball)">Slide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_ball_(baseball)" title="Small ball (baseball)">Small ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squeeze_play_(baseball)" title="Squeeze play (baseball)">Squeeze play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stolen_base" title="Stolen base">Stolen base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tag_up" title="Tag up">Tag up</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tie_goes_to_the_runner" title="Tie goes to the runner">Tie goes to the runner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fielding<br /><a href="/wiki/Baseball_positioning" title="Baseball positioning">(positioning)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appeal_play" title="Appeal play">Appeal play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assist_(baseball)" title="Assist (baseball)">Assist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blocking_the_plate" title="Blocking the plate">Blocking the plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catch_(baseball)" title="Catch (baseball)">Catch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caught_stealing" title="Caught stealing">Caught stealing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covering_a_base" title="Covering a base">Covering a base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defensive_indifference" class="mw-redirect" title="Defensive indifference">Defensive indifference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_play" title="Double play">Double play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Error_(baseball)" title="Error (baseball)">Error</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fielder%27s_choice" title="Fielder's choice">Fielder's choice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_infielder" title="Fifth infielder">Fifth infielder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Force_play" title="Force play">Force play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_out" title="Fourth out">Fourth out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hidden_ball_trick" title="Hidden ball trick">Hidden ball trick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/In-between_hop" title="In-between hop">In-between hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infield_fly_rule" title="Infield fly rule">Infield fly rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infield_shift" title="Infield shift">Infield shift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interference_(baseball)" title="Interference (baseball)">Interference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neighborhood_play" title="Neighborhood play">Neighborhood play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passed_ball" title="Passed ball">Passed ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickoff" title="Pickoff">Pickoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putout" title="Putout">Putout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rundown" title="Rundown">Rundown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tag_out" title="Tag out">Tag out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triple_play" title="Triple play">Triple play</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unassisted_triple_play" title="Unassisted triple play">unassisted</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncaught_third_strike" title="Uncaught third strike">Uncaught third strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wall_climb" title="Wall climb">Wall climb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheel_play" title="Wheel play">Wheel play</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_card" title="Baseball card">Baseball card</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_statistics" title="Baseball statistics">Baseball statistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bench_jockey" class="mw-redirect" title="Bench jockey">Bench jockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bench-clearing_brawl" title="Bench-clearing brawl">Bench-clearing brawl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dead_ball#Baseball" title="Dead ball">Dead ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doubleheader_(baseball)" title="Doubleheader (baseball)">Doubleheader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_baseball_terms" title="Glossary of baseball terms">Jargon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Injured_list" title="Injured list">Injured list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_baseball_films" title="List of baseball films">List of baseball films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepper_(baseball)" title="Pepper (baseball)">Pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_scorekeeping" title="Baseball scorekeeping">Scorekeeping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Series_(baseball)" title="Series (baseball)">Series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh-inning_stretch" title="Seventh-inning stretch">Seventh-inning stretch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shagging_(baseball)" title="Shagging (baseball)">Shagging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sign_stealing" title="Sign stealing">Sign stealing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slump_(sports)" title="Slump (sports)">Slump</a></li> <li>Streak <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Losing_streak#Baseball" title="Losing streak">losing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winning_streak#Baseball" title="Winning streak">winning</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variations_of_baseball" title="Variations of baseball">Variations of baseball</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Baseball" title="Category:Baseball">Category</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Baseball" title="Portal:Baseball">Portal</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WikiProject"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Baseball" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Baseball">WikiProject</a></b></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Baseball_positions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:lightgrey;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Baseball_positions" title="Template:Baseball positions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Baseball_positions" title="Template talk:Baseball positions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Baseball_positions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Baseball positions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Baseball_positions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Baseball_positions" title="Baseball positions">Baseball positions</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:lightgrey;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pitcher" title="Pitcher">Pitchers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background:lightgrey;font-weight:normal; padding-left:0.2em;">by role</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Starting_pitcher" title="Starting pitcher">Starter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ace_(baseball)" title="Ace (baseball)">Ace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opener_(baseball)" title="Opener (baseball)">Opener</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relief_pitcher" title="Relief pitcher">Reliever</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Middle_relief_pitcher" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle relief pitcher">Middle reliever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_reliever" title="Long reliever">Long reliever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setup_man" title="Setup man">Setup man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closer_(baseball)" title="Closer (baseball)">Closer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-handed_specialist" title="Left-handed specialist">Left-handed specialist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swingman#Baseball" title="Swingman">Swingman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background:lightgrey;font-weight:normal; padding-left:0.2em;">by style</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Power_pitcher" title="Power pitcher">Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Control_pitcher" title="Control pitcher">Control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_ball_pitcher" title="Ground ball pitcher">Ground ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fly_ball_pitcher" title="Fly ball pitcher">Fly ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switch_pitcher" title="Switch pitcher">Switch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding-right:1.0em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Baseball_fielding_positions_tiny.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Baseball fielding positions"><img alt="Baseball fielding positions" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Baseball_fielding_positions_tiny.svg/120px-Baseball_fielding_positions_tiny.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Baseball_fielding_positions_tiny.svg/180px-Baseball_fielding_positions_tiny.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Baseball_fielding_positions_tiny.svg/240px-Baseball_fielding_positions_tiny.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="87" data-file-height="68" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:lightgrey;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Defense_(sports)" title="Defense (sports)">Defensive<br />players</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background:lightgrey;font-weight:normal; padding-left:0.2em;">by type</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pitcher" title="Pitcher">Pitcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catcher" title="Catcher">Catcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infielder" title="Infielder">Infielder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outfielder" title="Outfielder">Outfielder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utility_player_(baseball)" title="Utility player (baseball)">Utility player</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Position_player" title="Position player">Position player</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background:lightgrey;font-weight:normal; padding-left:0.2em;">by number</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pitcher" title="Pitcher">Pitcher (1/P)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catcher" title="Catcher">Catcher (2/C)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_baseman" title="First baseman">First baseman (3/1B)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_baseman" title="Second baseman">Second baseman (4/2B)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_baseman" title="Third baseman">Third baseman (5/3B)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shortstop" title="Shortstop">Shortstop (6/SS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left_fielder" title="Left fielder">Left fielder (7/LF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_fielder" title="Center fielder">Center fielder (8/CF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_fielder" title="Right fielder">Right fielder (9/RF)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:lightgrey;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Offense_(sports)" title="Offense (sports)">Offensive<br />players</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background:lightgrey;font-weight:normal; padding-left:0.2em;">by role</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batting_(baseball)" title="Batting (baseball)">Batter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Base_running" title="Base running">Runner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batting_order_(baseball)" title="Batting order (baseball)">Batting order (1–9)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Designated hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinch_hitter" title="Pinch hitter">Pinch hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinch_runner" title="Pinch runner">Pinch runner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leadoff_hitter" title="Leadoff hitter">Leadoff hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleanup_hitter" title="Cleanup hitter">Cleanup hitter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background:lightgrey;font-weight:normal; padding-left:0.2em;">by style</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clutch_hitter" title="Clutch hitter">Clutch hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contact_hitter" title="Contact hitter">Contact hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_hitter" title="Power hitter">Power hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switch_hitter" title="Switch hitter">Switch hitter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:lightgrey;;width:1%">Non-players</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background:lightgrey;font-weight:normal; padding-left:0.2em;">team roles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manager_(baseball)" title="Manager (baseball)">Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coach_(baseball)" title="Coach (baseball)">Coaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullpen_catcher" title="Bullpen catcher">Bullpen catcher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background:lightgrey;font-weight:normal; padding-left:0.2em;">executives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_baseball_operations" class="mw-redirect" title="President of baseball operations">President of baseball operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_manager_(baseball)" title="General manager (baseball)">General manager</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background:lightgrey;font-weight:normal; padding-left:0.2em;">other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a 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