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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Baseball Reference</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Baseball_Reference_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Baseball_Reference_Logo.svg/300px-Baseball_Reference_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Baseball_Reference_Logo.svg/450px-Baseball_Reference_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Baseball_Reference_Logo.svg/600px-Baseball_Reference_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="753" data-file-height="133" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Type of site</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Baseball_statistics" title="Baseball statistics">Baseball statistics</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sports_Reference" title="Sports Reference">Sports Reference</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Created by</th><td class="infobox-data">Sean Forman</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">URL</th><td class="infobox-data url"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.baseball-reference.com">www<wbr />.baseball-reference<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launched</th><td class="infobox-data">April 2000<span class="noprint">; 24 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2000-04</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-About_Sports_Reference_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-About_Sports_Reference-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Current status</th><td class="infobox-data category">Active</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Baseball Reference</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Baseball_statistics" title="Baseball statistics">baseball statistics</a> database maintained by <a href="/wiki/Sports_Reference" title="Sports Reference">Sports Reference</a>. The site provides career statistics for <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a> (MLB) players and teams as well as records, <a href="/wiki/MLB_draft" class="mw-redirect" title="MLB draft">MLB draft</a> history, and <a href="/wiki/Sabermetrics" title="Sabermetrics">sabermetrics</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baseball_Reference&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Founder Sean Forman began developing the website while working on his Ph.D. dissertation in <a href="/wiki/Applied_math" class="mw-redirect" title="Applied math">applied math</a> and <a href="/wiki/Computational_science" title="Computational science">computational science</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Iowa" title="University of Iowa">University of Iowa</a>. While writing his dissertation, he had also been writing articles on and blogging about sabermetrics. Forman's database was originally built from the <i><a href="/wiki/Total_Baseball" title="Total Baseball">Total Baseball</a></i> series of baseball <a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia" title="Encyclopedia">encyclopedias</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rs_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rs-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The website went online in April 2000, after first being launched in February 2000 as part of the website for the <i>Big Bad Baseball Annual</i>. It was originally built as a web interface to the <a href="/wiki/Sean_Lahman" title="Sean Lahman">Lahman Baseball Database</a>, though it now employs a variety of data sources. </p><p>In 2004, Forman founded <a href="/wiki/Sports_Reference" title="Sports Reference">Sports Reference</a>. Sports Reference is a website that came out of the Baseball Reference website. The company was <a href="/wiki/Incorporation_(business)" title="Incorporation (business)">incorporated</a> as Sports Reference, LLC in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-BusinessweekOverview2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BusinessweekOverview2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2006, Forman left his job as a math professor at <a href="/wiki/Saint_Joseph%27s_University" title="Saint Joseph's University">Saint Joseph's University</a> in order to focus on Baseball Reference full-time.<sup id="cite_ref-rs_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rs-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-About_Sports_Reference_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-About_Sports_Reference-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2009, Fantasy Sports Ventures took a minority stake in Sports Reference, LLC, the parent company of Baseball Reference, for a "low seven-figure sum".<sup id="cite_ref-FSV_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FSV-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the end of April 2021, the site changed a number of identifying names, "discontinuing the use of nicknames that are racially or ethnically influenced" and "names based upon a player's disability", such as <a href="/wiki/Chief_Bender" title="Chief Bender">Chief Bender</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dummy_Hoy" title="Dummy Hoy">Dummy Hoy</a>, who are now listed as Charles Bender and Billy Hoy, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Features">Features</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baseball_Reference&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Statistics">Statistics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baseball_Reference&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The site has season, career, and <a href="/wiki/Minor_league_baseball" class="mw-redirect" title="Minor league baseball">minor league</a> records (when available, back to <a href="/wiki/1888_in_baseball" title="1888 in baseball">1888</a>) for everyone who has played Major League Baseball, year-by-year team pages, all final league standings, all postseason numbers, voting results for all historic awards such as the <a href="/wiki/Cy_Young_Award" title="Cy Young Award">Cy Young Award</a> and <a href="/wiki/Most_valuable_player" title="Most valuable player">MVP</a>, head-to-head batter vs. pitcher career totals, individual statistical leaders for each season and all-time, managers' career records, the full results of all MLB player drafts, <a href="/wiki/Negro_league" class="mw-redirect" title="Negro league">Negro leagues</a> statistics (Baseball Reference added Negro League Statistics to its website in 2021), a baseball encyclopedia (the Bullpen),<sup id="cite_ref-main_page2_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-main_page2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and box scores and game logs from every MLB game back to <a href="/wiki/1901_in_baseball" title="1901 in baseball">1901</a>, among other features.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To compare ballplayers to one-another it offers "Black Ink" and "Gray Ink" tests, which tally a player's dominance and overall productivity against his peers. It also offers <a href="/wiki/Sabermetrics" title="Sabermetrics">sabermetrician</a> Jay Jaffe's system acronymmed "JAWS" method for ranking players of different eras against each other by weighting their primes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bullpen">Bullpen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baseball_Reference&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Bullpen"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Baseball Reference has its own baseball encyclopedia, a <a href="/wiki/Wiki" title="Wiki">wiki</a> called "Baseball Reference Bullpen", which can be edited by anyone and is modeled after <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of December 2023,<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Baseball_Reference&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> the Baseball Reference Bullpen contains over 109,100 articles. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Easter_eggs_and_other_humor">Easter eggs and other humor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baseball_Reference&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Easter eggs and other humor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In addition, there are a number of what the website calls "Frivolities." Examples include: </p> <ul><li>The Oracle of Baseball, which links any two players by common teammates in the way the pop culture favorite "<a href="/wiki/Six_Degrees_of_Kevin_Bacon" title="Six Degrees of Kevin Bacon">Oracle of Bacon</a>" website does.</li> <li>A page devoted to <a href="/wiki/Keith_Hernandez" title="Keith Hernandez">Keith Hernandez</a>'s mustache,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which is the only "fictional" page on Baseball Reference.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The site made "Tungsten Arm O'Doyle", an internet meme associated with <a href="/wiki/Shohei_Ohtani" title="Shohei Ohtani">Shohei Ohtani</a>, a redirect to Ohtani's page.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Although the standard player page notes a given player's favored batting and throwing arms, <a href="/wiki/Paul_O%27Neill_(baseball)" title="Paul O'Neill (baseball)">Paul O'Neill</a>'s page adds his kicking leg and a link to a video of the 1989 game when he kicked the ball from the outfield to first base.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baseball_Reference&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sports_Reference" title="Sports Reference">Sports Reference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pro_Football_Reference" title="Pro Football Reference">Pro Football Reference</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baseball_Reference&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns 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.citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sports-reference.com/about.html">"About Sports Reference"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sports_Reference" title="Sports Reference">Sports Reference</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 7,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sports+Reference&rft.atitle=About+Sports+Reference&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sports-reference.com%2Fabout.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaseball+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rs-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rs_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rs_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="rs" class="citation magazine cs1">Weinreb, Michael (October 28, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/sports/features/the-sublime-simplicity-of-baseball-reference-com-20151028">"The Sublime Simplicity of Baseball-Reference.com"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 28,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&rft.atitle=The+Sublime+Simplicity+of+Baseball-Reference.com&rft.date=2015-10-28&rft.aulast=Weinreb&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fsports%2Ffeatures%2Fthe-sublime-simplicity-of-baseball-reference-com-20151028&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaseball+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BusinessweekOverview2-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BusinessweekOverview2_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20131108204017/http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapid=53311244">"Company Overview of Sports Reference, LLC"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_Businessweek" title="Bloomberg Businessweek">Bloomberg Businessweek</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapid=53311244">the original</a> on November 8, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 8,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg+Businessweek&rft.atitle=Company+Overview+of+Sports+Reference%2C+LLC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finvesting.businessweek.com%2Fresearch%2Fstocks%2Fprivate%2Fsnapshot.asp%3Fprivcapid%3D53311244&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaseball+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/h/hernake01mustache.shtml">"Keith Hernandez Mustache"</a>, Baseball Reference. Accessed June 8, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FSV-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FSV_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFisher,_Eric2009" class="citation journal cs1">Fisher, Eric (February 16, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sportsbusinessdaily.com/Journal/Issues/2009/02/16/This-Weeks-News/FSV-Buys-Stake-In-Reference-Sites.aspx">"FSV buys stake in reference sites"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sports_Business_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports Business Journal">Sports Business Journal</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 16,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Business+Journal&rft.atitle=FSV+buys+stake+in+reference+sites&rft.date=2009-02-16&rft.au=Fisher%2C+Eric&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sportsbusinessdaily.com%2FJournal%2FIssues%2F2009%2F02%2F16%2FThis-Weeks-News%2FFSV-Buys-Stake-In-Reference-Sites.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaseball+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sports-reference.com/blog/2021/04/sports-reference-changing-player-identification-names-from-player-nicknames-to-given-names/">"Changing Player Identification Names from Player Nicknames to Given Names"</a>. <i>sports-reference.com</i>. April 30, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 10,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sports-reference.com&rft.atitle=Changing+Player+Identification+Names+from+Player+Nicknames+to+Given+Names&rft.date=2021-04-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sports-reference.com%2Fblog%2F2021%2F04%2Fsports-reference-changing-player-identification-names-from-player-nicknames-to-given-names%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaseball+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-main_page2-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-main_page2_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090617181542/http://www.baseball-reference.com/bullpen/Main_Page">"Main Page – BR Bullpen"</a>. <i>Baseball Reference</i>. Sports Reference. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baseball-reference.com/bullpen/Main_Page">the original</a> on June 17, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 16,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Baseball+Reference&rft.atitle=Main+Page+%E2%80%93+BR+Bullpen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baseball-reference.com%2Fbullpen%2FMain_Page&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaseball+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110719223040/http://www.baseball-reference.com/bullpen/Main_Page">"Main Page –BR Bullpen"</a>. <i>Baseball Reference</i>. Sports Reference. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baseball-reference.com/bullpen/Main_Page">the original</a> on July 19, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 17,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Baseball+Reference&rft.atitle=Main+Page+%E2%80%93BR+Bullpen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baseball-reference.com%2Fbullpen%2FMain_Page&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaseball+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Perry, Dayn. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbssports.com/mlb/eye-on-baseball/22171252">"Keith Hernandez's mustache has its own Baseball Reference page"</a>, CBS Sports website (Apr. 30, 2013).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCurtis2023" class="citation web cs1">Curtis, Charles (March 31, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ftw.usatoday.com/lists/who-is-tungsten-arm-o-doyle-angels">"Who's Tungsten Arm O'Doyle? The legendary Angels meme involving Shohei Ohtani, explained"</a>. <i>For the Win</i>. USA Today<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 20,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=For+the+Win&rft.atitle=Who%27s+Tungsten+Arm+O%27Doyle%3F+The+legendary+Angels+meme+involving+Shohei+Ohtani%2C+explained&rft.date=2023-03-31&rft.aulast=Curtis&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fftw.usatoday.com%2Flists%2Fwho-is-tungsten-arm-o-doyle-angels&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaseball+Reference" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/o/o'neipa01.shtml">"Paul O'Neill Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Rookie Status & More"</a>. <i>Baseball-Reference.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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