CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:fb="http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" class="wf-loading"> <head prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns# fb: https://ogp.me/ns/fb# academia: https://ogp.me/ns/fb/academia#"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <title>Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi | Universiti Malaysia Sabah - Academia.edu</title>  <link href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-production.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-194x194.png" sizes="194x194"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="manifest" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/manifest.json"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#2b5797"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <script> window.performance && window.performance.measure && window.performance.measure("Time To First Byte", "requestStart", "responseStart"); </script> <script> (function() { if (!window.URLSearchParams || !window.history || !window.history.replaceState) { return; } var searchParams = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search); var paramsToDelete = [ 'fs', 'sm', 'swp', 'iid', 'nbs', 'rcc', // related content category 'rcpos', // related content carousel position 'rcpg', // related carousel page 'rchid', // related content hit id 'f_ri', // research interest id, for SEO tracking 'f_fri', // featured research interest, for SEO tracking (param key without value) 'f_rid', // from research interest directory for SEO tracking 'f_loswp', // from research interest pills on LOSWP sidebar for SEO tracking 'rhid', // referrring hit id ]; if (paramsToDelete.every((key) => searchParams.get(key) === null)) { return; } paramsToDelete.forEach((key) => { searchParams.delete(key); }); var cleanUrl = new URL(window.location.href); cleanUrl.search = searchParams.toString(); history.replaceState({}, document.title, cleanUrl); })(); </script> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "profiles/works", 'action': "summary", 'controller_action': 'profiles/works#summary', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.sendUserTiming = function(timingName) { if (!(window.performance && window.performance.measure)) return; var entries = window.performance.getEntriesByName(timingName, "measure"); if (entries.length !== 1) return; var timingValue = Math.round(entries[0].duration); gtag('event', 'timing_complete', { name: timingName, value: timingValue, event_category: 'User-centric', }); }; window.sendUserTiming("Time To First Byte"); </script> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="uevWNYTTKruld3hOOmr8fBkMS2qnZFYWTpThUkzZTokCz+x2SPb8bRhp7r9B7UpSmdaGh3ffqW6IgMhfoAxD6g==" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow-77f7b87cb1583fc59aa8f94756ebfe913345937eb932042b4077563bebb5fb4b.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/social/home-1c712297ae3ac71207193b1bae0ecf1aae125886850f62c9c0139dd867630797.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/heading-b2b823dd904da60a48fd1bfa1defd840610c2ff414d3f39ed3af46277ab8df3b.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/button-3cea6e0ad4715ed965c49bfb15dedfc632787b32ff6d8c3a474182b231146ab7.css" /><link crossorigin="" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" rel="preconnect" /><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,100..1000;1,9..40,100..1000&family=Gupter:wght@400;500;700&family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@300;400&family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20,400,0,0&display=swap" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/common-10fa40af19d25203774df2d4a03b9b5771b45109c2304968038e88a81d1215c5.css" /> <meta name="author" content="muhammad iqbal hashmi" /> <meta name="description" content="Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi, Universiti Malaysia Sabah: 42 Followers, 5 Following, 13 Research papers. Research interests: Food and Nutrition, Heavy metals, and Sea…" /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs" /> <script> var $controller_name = 'works'; var $action_name = "summary"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = 'c7c923e13c2d00b99cbe85c9159af2026a636b1c'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.Aedu = { hit_data: null }; window.Aedu.SiteStats = {"premium_universities_count":15272,"monthly_visitors":"113 million","monthly_visitor_count":113784677,"monthly_visitor_count_in_millions":113,"user_count":277444110,"paper_count":55203019,"paper_count_in_millions":55,"page_count":432000000,"page_count_in_millions":432,"pdf_count":16500000,"pdf_count_in_millions":16}; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1732713406000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1732713406000; window.Aedu.isUsingCssV1 = false; window.Aedu.enableLocalization = true; window.Aedu.activateFullstory = false; window.Aedu.serviceAvailability = { status: {"attention_db":"on","bibliography_db":"on","contacts_db":"on","email_db":"on","indexability_db":"on","mentions_db":"on","news_db":"on","notifications_db":"on","offsite_mentions_db":"on","redshift":"on","redshift_exports_db":"on","related_works_db":"on","ring_db":"on","user_tests_db":"on"}, serviceEnabled: function(service) { return this.status[service] === "on"; }, readEnabled: function(service) { return this.serviceEnabled(service) || this.status[service] === "read_only"; }, }; window.Aedu.viewApmTrace = function() { // Check if x-apm-trace-id meta tag is set, and open the trace in APM // in a new window if it is. var apmTraceId = document.head.querySelector('meta[name="x-apm-trace-id"]'); if (apmTraceId) { var traceId = apmTraceId.content; // Use trace ID to construct URL, an example URL looks like: // https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%31298410148923562634 var apmUrl = 'https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%3A' + traceId; window.open(apmUrl, '_blank'); } }; </script>  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:100,100i,300,300i,400,400i,500,500i,700,700i,900,900i" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/libraries-a9675dcb01ec4ef6aa807ba772c7a5a00c1820d3ff661c1038a20f80d06bb4e4.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/academia-296162c7af6fd81dcdd76f1a94f1fad04fb5f647401337d136fe8b68742170b1.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system_legacy-056a9113b9a0f5343d013b29ee1929d5a18be35fdcdceb616600b4db8bd20054.css" /> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/runtime-bundle-005434038af4252ca37c527588411a3d6a0eabb5f727fac83f8bbe7fd88d93bb.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/webpack_libraries_and_infrequently_changed.wjs-bundle-abfe14709f87872daacfe98b00812033ac214684652bef9d49abfed8b549f9f6.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/core_webpack.wjs-bundle-57c07c4415ad4e6a22ced3639e4df9a5401c1e44346ffeb379134e0f2293c589.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/sentry.wjs-bundle-5fe03fddca915c8ba0f7edbe64c194308e8ce5abaed7bffe1255ff37549c4808.js"></script> <script> jade = window.jade || {}; jade.helpers = window.$h; jade._ = window._; </script>  <script id="tag-manager-head-root">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer_old','GTM-5G9JF7Z');</script>  <script> window.gptadslots = []; window.googletag = window.googletag || {}; window.googletag.cmd = window.googletag.cmd || []; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // TODO(jacob): This should be defined, may be rare load order problem. // Checking if null is just a quick fix, will default to en if unset. // Better fix is to run this immedietely after I18n is set. if (window.I18n != null) { I18n.defaultLocale = "en"; I18n.locale = "en"; I18n.fallbacks = true; } </script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi" /> </head>   <body class='c-profiles/works a-summary logged_out'>  <div id="fb-root"></div><script>window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId: "2369844204", version: "v8.0", status: true, cookie: true, xfbml: true }); // Additional initialization code. if (window.InitFacebook) { // facebook.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitFacebook(); } else { // Set a flag for facebook.ts to find when it loads. window.academiaAuthReadyFacebook = true; } };</script><script>window.fbAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function if (window.FB) { return; } (function(d, s, id){ var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;} js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); } if (!window.defer_facebook) { // Autoload if not deferred window.fbAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.fbAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="google-root"></div><script>window.loadGoogle = function() { if (window.InitGoogle) { // google.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitGoogle("331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"); } else { // Set a flag for google.ts to use when it loads. window.GoogleClientID = "331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"; } };</script><script>window.googleAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function (function(d) { var js; var id = 'google-jssdk'; var ref = d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) { return; } js = d.createElement('script'); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.onload = loadGoogle; js.src = "https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client" ref.parentNode.insertBefore(js, ref); }(document)); } if (!window.defer_google) { // Autoload if not deferred window.googleAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.googleAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="tag-manager-body-root">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5G9JF7Z" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>   <script> window.addEventListener('load', function() { if (document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]')) { document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]').addEventListener('click', function() { gtag('event', 'click', { event_category: 'button', event_label: 'Log In' }) }) } }); </script> </div> <script>var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({ c1: "2", c2: "26766707" }); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })();</script><img src="https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=26766707&cv=2.0&cj=1" style="position: absolute; visibility: hidden" /> <div id='react-modal'></div> <div class='DesignSystem'> <a class='u-showOnFocus' href='#site'> Skip to main content </a> </div> <div id="upgrade_ie_banner" style="display: none;"><p>Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.</p><p>To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to <a href="https://www.academia.edu/upgrade-browser">upgrade your browser</a>.</p></div><script>// Show this banner for all versions of IE if (!!window.MSInputMethodContext || /(MSIE)/.test(navigator.userAgent)) { document.getElementById('upgrade_ie_banner').style.display = 'block'; }</script> <div class="DesignSystem bootstrap ShrinkableNav"><div class="navbar navbar-default main-header"><div class="container-wrapper" id="main-header-container"><div class="container"><div class="navbar-header"><div class="nav-left-wrapper u-mt0x"><div class="nav-logo"><a data-main-header-link-target="logo_home" href="https://www.academia.edu/"><img class="visible-xs-inline-block" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015-A.svg" width="24" height="24" /><img width="145.2" height="18" class="hidden-xs" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015.svg" /></a></div><div class="nav-search"><div class="SiteSearch-wrapper select2-no-default-pills"><form class="js-SiteSearch-form DesignSystem" action="https://www.academia.edu/search" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" autocomplete="off" /><i class="SiteSearch-icon fa fa-search u-fw700 u-positionAbsolute u-tcGrayDark"></i><input class="js-SiteSearch-form-input SiteSearch-form-input form-control" data-main-header-click-target="search_input" name="q" placeholder="Search" type="text" value="" /></form></div></div></div><div class="nav-right-wrapper pull-right"><ul class="NavLinks js-main-nav list-unstyled"><li class="NavLinks-link"><a class="js-header-login-url Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" id="nav_log_in" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="NavLinks-link u-p0x"><a class="Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li></ul><button class="hidden-lg hidden-md hidden-sm u-ml4x navbar-toggle collapsed" data-target=".js-mobile-header-links" data-toggle="collapse" type="button"><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span></button></div></div><div class="collapse navbar-collapse js-mobile-header-links"><ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"><a href="#">more&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li><li><ul class="js-mobile-nav-expand-section nav navbar-nav u-m0x collapse"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://medium.com/@academia">Blog</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><i class="fa fa-briefcase"></i> We're Hiring!</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/"><i class="fa fa-question-circle"></i> Help Center</a></li><li class="js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 dropup" style="display:none"><a href="#">less&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><script>(function(){ var $moreLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"); var $lessLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger"); var $section = $('.js-mobile-nav-expand-section'); $moreLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.hide(); $lessLink.show(); $section.collapse('show'); }); $lessLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.show(); $lessLink.hide(); $section.collapse('hide'); }); })() if ($a.is_logged_in() || false) { new Aedu.NavigationController({ el: '.js-main-nav', showHighlightedNotification: false }); } else { $(".js-header-login-url").attr("href", $a.loginUrlWithRedirect()); } Aedu.autocompleteSearch = new AutocompleteSearch({el: '.js-SiteSearch-form'});</script></div></div> <div id='site' class='fixed'> <div id="content" class="clearfix"> <script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(){ var $dismissible = $(".dismissible_banner"); $dismissible.click(function(ev) { $dismissible.hide(); }); });</script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/profile.wjs-bundle-b83a2fd9dd2a75882a43a58ee3160b1ab3b6f66ac7d1ef9248d5ee4c09cebaae.js" defer="defer"></script><script>Aedu.rankings = { showPaperRankingsLink: false } $viewedUser = Aedu.User.set_viewed( {"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18079929/7940072/8894692/s65_muhammad_iqbal.hashmi.jpg","has_photo":true,"department":{"id":171557,"name":"School of Food Science and Nutrition","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/Departments/School_of_Food_Science_and_Nutrition/Documents","university":{"id":4026,"name":"Universiti Malaysia Sabah","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/"}},"position":"Faculty Member","position_id":1,"is_analytics_public":true,"interests":[{"id":10221,"name":"Food and Nutrition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_and_Nutrition"},{"id":57697,"name":"Heavy metals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heavy_metals"},{"id":918966,"name":"Sea Cucumbers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sea_Cucumbers"},{"id":347949,"name":"Phenolic Compounds","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phenolic_Compounds"},{"id":1081,"name":"Food Safety","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Safety"},{"id":61742,"name":"Microbial Enzymes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbial_Enzymes"}]} ); if ($a.is_logged_in() && $viewedUser.is_current_user()) { $('body').addClass('profile-viewed-by-owner'); } $socialProfiles = []</script><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi","location":"/MuhammadIqbalHashmi","scheme":"https","host":"ums.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/MuhammadIqbalHashmi","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate" data-props="{}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-3027c6de-c88b-4d6c-9ce9-c0472bc76103"></div> <div id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-3027c6de-c88b-4d6c-9ce9-c0472bc76103"></div> <div class="DesignSystem"><div class="onsite-ping" id="onsite-ping"></div></div><div class="profile-user-info DesignSystem"><div class="social-profile-container"><div class="left-panel-container"><div class="user-info-component-wrapper"><div class="user-summary-cta-container"><div class="user-summary-container"><div class="social-profile-avatar-container"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/18079929/7940072/8894692/s200_muhammad_iqbal.hashmi.jpg" /></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi</h1><div class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"><div><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://ums.academia.edu/">Universiti Malaysia Sabah</a>, <a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://ums.academia.edu/Departments/School_of_Food_Science_and_Nutrition/Documents">School of Food Science and Nutrition</a>, <span class="u-tcGrayDarker">Faculty Member</span></div></div></div></div><div class="sidebar-cta-container"><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-follow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.follow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-follow-button" data-follow-user-fname="Muhammad Iqbal" data-follow-user-id="18079929" data-follow-user-source="profile_button" data-has-google="false"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">add</span>Follow</button><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-unfollow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.unfollow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-unfollow-button" data-unfollow-user-id="18079929"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">done</span>Following</button></div></div><div class="user-stats-container"><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followers"><p class="label">Followers</p><p class="data">42</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followees" data-broccoli-component="user-info.followees-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-following"><p class="label">Following</p><p class="data">5</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-coauthors" data-broccoli-component="user-info.coauthors-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-coauthors"><p class="label">Co-author</p><p class="data">1</p></div></a><a href="https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi/Analytics"><div class="stat-container"><p class="label"><span class="js-profile-total-view-text">Public Views</span></p><p class="data"><span class="js-profile-view-count"></span></p></div></a></div><div class="ri-section"><div class="ri-section-header"><span>Interests</span><a class="ri-more-link js-profile-ri-list-card" data-click-track="profile-user-info-primary-research-interest" data-has-card-for-ri-list="18079929">View All (6)</a></div><div class="ri-tags-container"><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="18079929" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_and_Nutrition"><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi","location":"/MuhammadIqbalHashmi","scheme":"https","host":"ums.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/MuhammadIqbalHashmi","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Food and Nutrition"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-e57a01f1-5336-4dc6-aadc-a47a39a0444b"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-e57a01f1-5336-4dc6-aadc-a47a39a0444b"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="18079929" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heavy_metals"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Heavy metals"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-bab7e5ae-3c42-4ec5-9cd0-867cd8edb4f5"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-bab7e5ae-3c42-4ec5-9cd0-867cd8edb4f5"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="18079929" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sea_Cucumbers"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Sea Cucumbers"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-722dc6e1-0e12-4e00-bbf4-32164d7ba19c"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-722dc6e1-0e12-4e00-bbf4-32164d7ba19c"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="18079929" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phenolic_Compounds"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Phenolic Compounds"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-15ef9719-6a85-4d3d-ae99-8c53b4f9c80d"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-15ef9719-6a85-4d3d-ae99-8c53b4f9c80d"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="18079929" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Safety"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Food Safety"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-4c7a32cf-2aa1-4b95-a57b-836a8d445119"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-4c7a32cf-2aa1-4b95-a57b-836a8d445119"></div> </a></div></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11498179"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11498179/ANTIMELANOGENESIS_ACTIVITY_OF_POLYPHENOL_GLYCOSIDE_SYNTHESIZED_BY_TRANSGLYCOSYLATION_REACTION_OF_CGTASE_FROM_XANTHOMONAS_CAMPESTRIS"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of ANTIMELANOGENESIS ACTIVITY OF POLYPHENOL GLYCOSIDE SYNTHESIZED BY TRANSGLYCOSYLATION REACTION OF CGTASE FROM XANTHOMONAS CAMPESTRIS" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014966/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11498179/ANTIMELANOGENESIS_ACTIVITY_OF_POLYPHENOL_GLYCOSIDE_SYNTHESIZED_BY_TRANSGLYCOSYLATION_REACTION_OF_CGTASE_FROM_XANTHOMONAS_CAMPESTRIS">ANTIMELANOGENESIS ACTIVITY OF POLYPHENOL GLYCOSIDE SYNTHESIZED BY TRANSGLYCOSYLATION REACTION OF CGTASE FROM XANTHOMONAS CAMPESTRIS</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi">Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JokoSulistyo">Joko Sulistyo</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Xanthomonas campestris is known as xanthan gum biopolymer producing bacteria, which is useful as ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Xanthomonas campestris is known as xanthan gum biopolymer producing bacteria, which is useful as thickener, <br />stabilizer,  and  suspending  agent  in  the  food  industry.  The  mechanism  of  the  synthesis  of  xanthan  gum  is <br />thought to involve enzymatic metabolism is quite complex, so that research on that existence of enzymes that <br />play  a  role  in  the  synthesis  of  biopolymer  is  important  to  expose.  This  study,  aimed  to  test  the  ability  of  X. <br />campestris  culture  that  has  transglycosylation  activity  as  a  producer  of  cyclodextrin  glucanotransferase <br />(CGTase) on acceptor of resorcinol and corn flour as its substrate to produce polyphenol glycosides as transfer <br />products  that  may  have  antimelanogenesis  activity.  Reaction  products  were  analyzed  by  thin  layer <br />chromatography.  The  study  was  focused  to  test  and  to  purify  polyphenol  glycoside  using  ODS  coloum <br />chromatography  eluted  with  methanol  and  1%  formic  acid  as  gradient  eluent.  Result  showed  that  the <br />polyphenol glycoside, arbutin, and resorcinol at a  concentration of 5 mM had potentially inhibitory effect that <br />suppressed against activity of enzyme tyrosinase that might be presumably playing a role in the synthesis of <br />melanin in a mechanism of melanogenesis, amount to 10.57%, 5.69%, 13.90%, respectively</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b5f07a0ec0285a19243882650d3aa686" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014966,"asset_id":11498179,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014966/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11498179"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11498179"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11498179; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11498179]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11498179]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11498179; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11498179']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11498179, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b5f07a0ec0285a19243882650d3aa686" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11498179]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11498179,"title":"ANTIMELANOGENESIS ACTIVITY OF POLYPHENOL GLYCOSIDE SYNTHESIZED BY TRANSGLYCOSYLATION REACTION OF CGTASE FROM XANTHOMONAS CAMPESTRIS","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Xanthomonas campestris is known as xanthan gum biopolymer producing bacteria, which is useful as thickener, \nstabilizer, and suspending agent in the food industry. The mechanism of the synthesis of xanthan gum is \nthought to involve enzymatic metabolism is quite complex, so that research on that existence of enzymes that \nplay a role in the synthesis of biopolymer is important to expose. This study, aimed to test the ability of X. \ncampestris culture that has transglycosylation activity as a producer of cyclodextrin glucanotransferase \n(CGTase) on acceptor of resorcinol and corn flour as its substrate to produce polyphenol glycosides as transfer \nproducts that may have antimelanogenesis activity. Reaction products were analyzed by thin layer \nchromatography. The study was focused to test and to purify polyphenol glycoside using ODS coloum \nchromatography eluted with methanol and 1% formic acid as gradient eluent. Result showed that the \npolyphenol glycoside, arbutin, and resorcinol at a concentration of 5 mM had potentially inhibitory effect that \nsuppressed against activity of enzyme tyrosinase that might be presumably playing a role in the synthesis of \nmelanin in a mechanism of melanogenesis, amount to 10.57%, 5.69%, 13.90%, respectively"},"translated_abstract":"Xanthomonas campestris is known as xanthan gum biopolymer producing bacteria, which is useful as thickener, \nstabilizer, and suspending agent in the food industry. The mechanism of the synthesis of xanthan gum is \nthought to involve enzymatic metabolism is quite complex, so that research on that existence of enzymes that \nplay a role in the synthesis of biopolymer is important to expose. This study, aimed to test the ability of X. \ncampestris culture that has transglycosylation activity as a producer of cyclodextrin glucanotransferase \n(CGTase) on acceptor of resorcinol and corn flour as its substrate to produce polyphenol glycosides as transfer \nproducts that may have antimelanogenesis activity. Reaction products were analyzed by thin layer \nchromatography. The study was focused to test and to purify polyphenol glycoside using ODS coloum \nchromatography eluted with methanol and 1% formic acid as gradient eluent. Result showed that the \npolyphenol glycoside, arbutin, and resorcinol at a concentration of 5 mM had potentially inhibitory effect that \nsuppressed against activity of enzyme tyrosinase that might be presumably playing a role in the synthesis of \nmelanin in a mechanism of melanogenesis, amount to 10.57%, 5.69%, 13.90%, respectively","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11498179/ANTIMELANOGENESIS_ACTIVITY_OF_POLYPHENOL_GLYCOSIDE_SYNTHESIZED_BY_TRANSGLYCOSYLATION_REACTION_OF_CGTASE_FROM_XANTHOMONAS_CAMPESTRIS","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T20:52:16.190-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":287005,"work_id":11498179,"tagging_user_id":18079929,"tagged_user_id":7926221,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***y@yahoo.com","display_order":null,"name":"Joko Sulistyo","title":"ANTIMELANOGENESIS ACTIVITY OF POLYPHENOL GLYCOSIDE SYNTHESIZED BY TRANSGLYCOSYLATION REACTION OF CGTASE FROM XANTHOMONAS CAMPESTRIS"},{"id":287006,"work_id":11498179,"tagging_user_id":18079929,"tagged_user_id":9458528,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***n@gmail.com","display_order":null,"name":"Joko Sulistyo","title":"ANTIMELANOGENESIS ACTIVITY OF POLYPHENOL GLYCOSIDE SYNTHESIZED BY TRANSGLYCOSYLATION REACTION OF CGTASE FROM XANTHOMONAS CAMPESTRIS"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014966,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014966/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"I_J_R_A_F_S_Dec._2014._Vol._2_No.8__Antimelanogenesis_Activity.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014966/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"ANTIMELANOGENESIS_ACTIVITY_OF_POLYPHENOL.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014966/I_J_R_A_F_S_Dec._2014._Vol._2_No.8__Antimelanogenesis_Activity-libre.pdf?1426650413=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DANTIMELANOGENESIS_ACTIVITY_OF_POLYPHENOL.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717005\u0026Signature=aZYF7gInKGEhENmjfKMx~kCmnv1C-I6yr~uQDJUFRyKpdcnRk4pagzjtfxH7dGD-U6dZJHdQcHijf7Anb2-7LdQd2n0FPuwOVSBvvzjaveOkwanTgzhg2TaENgJQY1PltFEFaBZsAHCEommNoNr88G~K4K~OFZFhKJLJdpwNJwemDElK2JMsipQAoTF~z-a1OVHHnavb5N6pEY0d3SQs2sesCe1T9ZuS7ppRbSUDqgcCoBmOiSA1--Fe1Glshb6G64UgrEhB~AZu4nKtfLsoo6zy6WkmN5lf8xjp3oScHvLn73YBp5qA-CPew9EtZFwqh4NbMpqQQl2nqTtTYc~hBw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"ANTIMELANOGENESIS_ACTIVITY_OF_POLYPHENOL_GLYCOSIDE_SYNTHESIZED_BY_TRANSGLYCOSYLATION_REACTION_OF_CGTASE_FROM_XANTHOMONAS_CAMPESTRIS","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014966,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014966/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"I_J_R_A_F_S_Dec._2014._Vol._2_No.8__Antimelanogenesis_Activity.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014966/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"ANTIMELANOGENESIS_ACTIVITY_OF_POLYPHENOL.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014966/I_J_R_A_F_S_Dec._2014._Vol._2_No.8__Antimelanogenesis_Activity-libre.pdf?1426650413=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DANTIMELANOGENESIS_ACTIVITY_OF_POLYPHENOL.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717005\u0026Signature=aZYF7gInKGEhENmjfKMx~kCmnv1C-I6yr~uQDJUFRyKpdcnRk4pagzjtfxH7dGD-U6dZJHdQcHijf7Anb2-7LdQd2n0FPuwOVSBvvzjaveOkwanTgzhg2TaENgJQY1PltFEFaBZsAHCEommNoNr88G~K4K~OFZFhKJLJdpwNJwemDElK2JMsipQAoTF~z-a1OVHHnavb5N6pEY0d3SQs2sesCe1T9ZuS7ppRbSUDqgcCoBmOiSA1--Fe1Glshb6G64UgrEhB~AZu4nKtfLsoo6zy6WkmN5lf8xjp3oScHvLn73YBp5qA-CPew9EtZFwqh4NbMpqQQl2nqTtTYc~hBw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48579,"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbial_Biotechnology-1"},{"id":61742,"name":"Microbial Enzymes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbial_Enzymes"},{"id":676491,"name":"Xanthomonas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Xanthomonas"},{"id":1858071,"name":"Polyphenol glycosides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polyphenol_glycosides"},{"id":1858072,"name":"Trasnsglycosylation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trasnsglycosylation"},{"id":1858073,"name":"CGtase","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CGtase"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11498048"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11498048/Effect_of_Brickworks_Emission_of_Cadmium_on_Wheat_Plant_and_Soil"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Brickworks Emission of Cadmium on Wheat Plant and Soil" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014931/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11498048/Effect_of_Brickworks_Emission_of_Cadmium_on_Wheat_Plant_and_Soil">Effect of Brickworks Emission of Cadmium on Wheat Plant and Soil</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Level of a selected heavy metal, cadmium (Cd), emitted from the chimneys of brick manufacturing w...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Level of a selected heavy metal, cadmium (Cd), emitted from the chimneys of brick manufacturing works and its consequences on surrounding soil and wheat plant were studied Two brick kilns located along the ring road in the area of Sufaid Dheri, Peshawar were selected. Samples <br />of soil and plant were collected from eighteen different sites at 100, 200 and 300 m distances from brick kiln chimney in all four directions to measure cadmium deposition effect of distance and wind direction. In addition 8 dust samples in duplicate were also collected in plastic buckets installed at <br />3m height and 50 m distance from the chimney to estimate the dust fall rate and extent of Cd load from brickworks. Results showed higher dust fall rate in all four directions ranging from 23.8 to 46.0 g/m 2 month  -1 at 50m distance form the chimney. Taking averages across all direction, higher dust from brick works caused addition of Cd with 0.08 mg/kg. Coal analysis showed that burning of coal may add a huge quantity of Cd in short perod. Such substantial amounts of Cd from dust and coal induced accumulation of this heavy metal in soil and plants around the brick kiln. Plants around the kilns also showed higher accumulation of Cd (up to 7.83 mg/kg) with the distance from chimney. <br />The study was of high importance showing significant addition of heavy metals from brick works emission and indicates its harmful effect on soils, plants, heritage and human beings, residing in the vicinity of the brickworks. To summarize, the data obtained in this study would present a baseline for the planners, health authorities, scientists and consumers to adopt appropriate remedial measure.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="453a812e623a59a1ebefb075bbbde6f6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014931,"asset_id":11498048,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014931/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11498048"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11498048"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11498048; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11498048]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11498048]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11498048; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11498048']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11498048, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "453a812e623a59a1ebefb075bbbde6f6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11498048]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11498048,"title":"Effect of Brickworks Emission of Cadmium on Wheat Plant and Soil","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Level of a selected heavy metal, cadmium (Cd), emitted from the chimneys of brick manufacturing works and its consequences on surrounding soil and wheat plant were studied Two brick kilns located along the ring road in the area of Sufaid Dheri, Peshawar were selected. Samples \nof soil and plant were collected from eighteen different sites at 100, 200 and 300 m distances from brick kiln chimney in all four directions to measure cadmium deposition effect of distance and wind direction. In addition 8 dust samples in duplicate were also collected in plastic buckets installed at \n3m height and 50 m distance from the chimney to estimate the dust fall rate and extent of Cd load from brickworks. Results showed higher dust fall rate in all four directions ranging from 23.8 to 46.0 g/m 2 month -1 at 50m distance form the chimney. Taking averages across all direction, higher dust from brick works caused addition of Cd with 0.08 mg/kg. Coal analysis showed that burning of coal may add a huge quantity of Cd in short perod. Such substantial amounts of Cd from dust and coal induced accumulation of this heavy metal in soil and plants around the brick kiln. Plants around the kilns also showed higher accumulation of Cd (up to 7.83 mg/kg) with the distance from chimney. \nThe study was of high importance showing significant addition of heavy metals from brick works emission and indicates its harmful effect on soils, plants, heritage and human beings, residing in the vicinity of the brickworks. To summarize, the data obtained in this study would present a baseline for the planners, health authorities, scientists and consumers to adopt appropriate remedial measure. "},"translated_abstract":"Level of a selected heavy metal, cadmium (Cd), emitted from the chimneys of brick manufacturing works and its consequences on surrounding soil and wheat plant were studied Two brick kilns located along the ring road in the area of Sufaid Dheri, Peshawar were selected. Samples \nof soil and plant were collected from eighteen different sites at 100, 200 and 300 m distances from brick kiln chimney in all four directions to measure cadmium deposition effect of distance and wind direction. In addition 8 dust samples in duplicate were also collected in plastic buckets installed at \n3m height and 50 m distance from the chimney to estimate the dust fall rate and extent of Cd load from brickworks. Results showed higher dust fall rate in all four directions ranging from 23.8 to 46.0 g/m 2 month -1 at 50m distance form the chimney. Taking averages across all direction, higher dust from brick works caused addition of Cd with 0.08 mg/kg. Coal analysis showed that burning of coal may add a huge quantity of Cd in short perod. Such substantial amounts of Cd from dust and coal induced accumulation of this heavy metal in soil and plants around the brick kiln. Plants around the kilns also showed higher accumulation of Cd (up to 7.83 mg/kg) with the distance from chimney. \nThe study was of high importance showing significant addition of heavy metals from brick works emission and indicates its harmful effect on soils, plants, heritage and human beings, residing in the vicinity of the brickworks. To summarize, the data obtained in this study would present a baseline for the planners, health authorities, scientists and consumers to adopt appropriate remedial measure. ","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11498048/Effect_of_Brickworks_Emission_of_Cadmium_on_Wheat_Plant_and_Soil","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T20:43:51.091-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":286985,"work_id":11498048,"tagging_user_id":18079929,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":118224,"email":"i***r@nifa.org.pk","display_order":null,"name":"Ihsan Ihsaullah","title":"Effect of Brickworks Emission of Cadmium on Wheat Plant and Soil"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014931,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014931/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"J.Chem.Soc.Pak._Vol._36_No._5_2014.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014931/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_Brickworks_Emission_of_Cadmium.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014931/J.Chem.Soc.Pak._Vol._36_No._5_2014-libre.pdf?1426650112=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_Brickworks_Emission_of_Cadmium.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=HvdQBhpSuI6iEFbXWVhlVazVZcaVJ1i9bV-t5pXiEQH2rjfABvogBhZ~DID-FyRvPZ~eScX-gCaFMFLxPiOAa3S7-SQm5rR9Zmyn5FjlHKl5VohGUmbDNNEqiV5X3RpU93KON-8XIkmY4ZlJMxc8jownPqRdKGONVYSfsCTFEt~47SsdTAw0HA2VxnK3T1RaBCik7b0y~-WzMvBHLB6~NqwEns8iUChW1dInAtZOE7LVKOimBg35jjIy-hMGwGuUfFNJhhOgmWK4CPMrs-s~5AmleCTxKXmzqVYOWLfsXQRRVWUeV-6~Bzpc8Xx3KVoiS9nK8OQcOo~YLENoAgSOuQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Effect_of_Brickworks_Emission_of_Cadmium_on_Wheat_Plant_and_Soil","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014931,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014931/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"J.Chem.Soc.Pak._Vol._36_No._5_2014.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014931/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_Brickworks_Emission_of_Cadmium.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014931/J.Chem.Soc.Pak._Vol._36_No._5_2014-libre.pdf?1426650112=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_Brickworks_Emission_of_Cadmium.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=HvdQBhpSuI6iEFbXWVhlVazVZcaVJ1i9bV-t5pXiEQH2rjfABvogBhZ~DID-FyRvPZ~eScX-gCaFMFLxPiOAa3S7-SQm5rR9Zmyn5FjlHKl5VohGUmbDNNEqiV5X3RpU93KON-8XIkmY4ZlJMxc8jownPqRdKGONVYSfsCTFEt~47SsdTAw0HA2VxnK3T1RaBCik7b0y~-WzMvBHLB6~NqwEns8iUChW1dInAtZOE7LVKOimBg35jjIy-hMGwGuUfFNJhhOgmWK4CPMrs-s~5AmleCTxKXmzqVYOWLfsXQRRVWUeV-6~Bzpc8Xx3KVoiS9nK8OQcOo~YLENoAgSOuQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":25445,"name":"Environmental Pollution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Pollution"},{"id":57697,"name":"Heavy metals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heavy_metals"},{"id":136765,"name":"Wheat","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wheat"},{"id":273485,"name":"Biosorption of heavy metals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biosorption_of_heavy_metals"},{"id":668106,"name":"Cadmium Toxicity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cadmium_Toxicity"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11497802"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497802/Determination_of_Seven_Heavy_Metals_in_Eight_Species_of_Sea_Cucumbers"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Determination of Seven Heavy Metals in Eight Species of Sea Cucumbers." class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014793/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497802/Determination_of_Seven_Heavy_Metals_in_Eight_Species_of_Sea_Cucumbers">Determination of Seven Heavy Metals in Eight Species of Sea Cucumbers.</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The concentrations of seven heavy metals including As, Pb, Cd, Zn, Cr Cu, and Mn were determined ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The concentrations of seven heavy metals including As, Pb, Cd, Zn, Cr Cu, and Mn were determined in eight species of sea cucumbers. Known amounts of the washed, dried & ground samples of each species were wet digested in triplicate using nitric acid and further treated with H2O2 until clear solutions were formed. The solutions were filtered using nylon filter papers and diluted with water. The <br />metals in the solutions were determined using ICP-MS technique. The concentrations of the toxic metals <br />such as As, Pb and Cd were found to be lower than the permitted values according to the Malaysian Food <br />Act of 1983 and regulation of 1985 except for As in Actinopyga Lecan and that of Pb in Thelenota Ananas <br />species. It can therefore, be concluded that all the species of sea cucumbers except the above two species found in the sea coast of Sabah are safe for human consumption and hence can be exported overseas to earn some foreign exchange.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="fe3ba808d5083e0a4329be9d66339a9f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014793,"asset_id":11497802,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014793/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11497802"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11497802"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497802; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497802]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497802]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497802; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11497802']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11497802, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "fe3ba808d5083e0a4329be9d66339a9f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11497802]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11497802,"title":"Determination of Seven Heavy Metals in Eight Species of Sea Cucumbers.","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The concentrations of seven heavy metals including As, Pb, Cd, Zn, Cr Cu, and Mn were determined in eight species of sea cucumbers. Known amounts of the washed, dried \u0026 ground samples of each species were wet digested in triplicate using nitric acid and further treated with H2O2 until clear solutions were formed. The solutions were filtered using nylon filter papers and diluted with water. The \nmetals in the solutions were determined using ICP-MS technique. The concentrations of the toxic metals \nsuch as As, Pb and Cd were found to be lower than the permitted values according to the Malaysian Food \nAct of 1983 and regulation of 1985 except for As in Actinopyga Lecan and that of Pb in Thelenota Ananas \nspecies. It can therefore, be concluded that all the species of sea cucumbers except the above two species found in the sea coast of Sabah are safe for human consumption and hence can be exported overseas to earn some foreign exchange. "},"translated_abstract":"The concentrations of seven heavy metals including As, Pb, Cd, Zn, Cr Cu, and Mn were determined in eight species of sea cucumbers. Known amounts of the washed, dried \u0026 ground samples of each species were wet digested in triplicate using nitric acid and further treated with H2O2 until clear solutions were formed. The solutions were filtered using nylon filter papers and diluted with water. The \nmetals in the solutions were determined using ICP-MS technique. The concentrations of the toxic metals \nsuch as As, Pb and Cd were found to be lower than the permitted values according to the Malaysian Food \nAct of 1983 and regulation of 1985 except for As in Actinopyga Lecan and that of Pb in Thelenota Ananas \nspecies. It can therefore, be concluded that all the species of sea cucumbers except the above two species found in the sea coast of Sabah are safe for human consumption and hence can be exported overseas to earn some foreign exchange. ","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11497802/Determination_of_Seven_Heavy_Metals_in_Eight_Species_of_Sea_Cucumbers","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T20:26:11.291-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014793,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014793/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Sci.Int.Lahore_261_261-262_2014.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014793/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Determination_of_Seven_Heavy_Metals_in_E.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014793/Sci.Int.Lahore_261_261-262_2014-libre.pdf?1426649065=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDetermination_of_Seven_Heavy_Metals_in_E.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=A0Qr7KNKhup89XT24AWAMopKeZEz-vdnt~hu77-RZOALEDaQztgqMYdA5OO1Nb74~q9Zk5kDnw4MdJ2QRoCVHiNzxfHd1lG10A-s0BvkAYilIms7yUO2l2m7w7SuLRI1DH433t-F9wwuJiil69HFiuC2llTwwRjzayEgO9KGk5x7nC9FAy~ufQktYF3dNsDMJqIfnmioscyWGeKtwWselXDSfyZ1uRDBJMupqT8qtYKOCHRwUmvIzDCzvmOziPlqKaI8g3u98ArWnRpGNbFJNwJNqf88w6Q1IzsnAlgLnrdqHBhFRJNM~R2XvgUarB2X6f52R1u3q-9AREKC0LMmjw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Determination_of_Seven_Heavy_Metals_in_Eight_Species_of_Sea_Cucumbers","translated_slug":"","page_count":2,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014793,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014793/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Sci.Int.Lahore_261_261-262_2014.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014793/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Determination_of_Seven_Heavy_Metals_in_E.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014793/Sci.Int.Lahore_261_261-262_2014-libre.pdf?1426649065=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDetermination_of_Seven_Heavy_Metals_in_E.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=A0Qr7KNKhup89XT24AWAMopKeZEz-vdnt~hu77-RZOALEDaQztgqMYdA5OO1Nb74~q9Zk5kDnw4MdJ2QRoCVHiNzxfHd1lG10A-s0BvkAYilIms7yUO2l2m7w7SuLRI1DH433t-F9wwuJiil69HFiuC2llTwwRjzayEgO9KGk5x7nC9FAy~ufQktYF3dNsDMJqIfnmioscyWGeKtwWselXDSfyZ1uRDBJMupqT8qtYKOCHRwUmvIzDCzvmOziPlqKaI8g3u98ArWnRpGNbFJNwJNqf88w6Q1IzsnAlgLnrdqHBhFRJNM~R2XvgUarB2X6f52R1u3q-9AREKC0LMmjw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9095,"name":"Trace Metals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trace_Metals"},{"id":57697,"name":"Heavy metals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heavy_metals"},{"id":224577,"name":"Trace Elements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trace_Elements"},{"id":488099,"name":"Sea Cucumber Fisheries and Aquaculture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sea_Cucumber_Fisheries_and_Aquaculture"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11497759"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497759/Essential_minerals_in_various_rice_varieties_of_Sabah_Malaysia_and_their_role_in_providing_RDA_for_minerals"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Essential minerals in various rice varieties of Sabah Malaysia and their role in providing RDA for minerals. " class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014705/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497759/Essential_minerals_in_various_rice_varieties_of_Sabah_Malaysia_and_their_role_in_providing_RDA_for_minerals">Essential minerals in various rice varieties of Sabah Malaysia and their role in providing RDA for minerals. </a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Rice is the staple food and diet for the people of South East Asia. This study aims to compare th...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Rice is the staple food and diet for the people of South East Asia. This study aims to compare the mineral contentsof various indigenous rice varieties grown and consumed by the local peoples in Sabah Malaysia. Both husked and dehusked form of rice varieties wereselected in this work. The samples were prepared by digesting with concentrated nitric acid before determining the mineral contents using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The result shows significant difference (P< 0.05) of mineral content in rice of different forms and mineral contents varies among the rice varieties. For husked samples, the range for concentration of various minerals expressed as mg/100 g were Na (6.65 - 15.70), K (263.33 - 438.33), Ca (5.07 - 10.77), Mg (2.37 - 3.60), Fe (3.32 - 5.85), Cu (0.22 - 0.47) and Zn (2.52 - 3.42). On the other hand, the dehusked samples showeda lower range of mineral contents. The range of concentration expressed in mg/100 g were 4.63 - 6.53 for Na, 223.33 - 310.00 for K, 1.10 - 2.12 for Ca, 1.35 - 2.82 for Mg, 1.52 - 3.30 for Fe, 0.20 - 0.42 for Cu and 2.22 - 2.95 for Zn. However, the magnesium concentration is found lower than those reported in the literature. Iron, copper and zinc reach 29% of the RDA which contributed significantly for daily intake while macro elements in these rice samples did not contribute significantly. Therefore, peoples are urged to consume a wide variety of food to obtain sufficient nutrients and not only depending on rice consumption alone.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="066c0e9feb836d9a4aaa777cad355ed3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014705,"asset_id":11497759,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014705/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11497759"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11497759"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497759; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497759]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497759]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497759; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11497759']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11497759, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "066c0e9feb836d9a4aaa777cad355ed3" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11497759]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11497759,"title":"Essential minerals in various rice varieties of Sabah Malaysia and their role in providing RDA for minerals. ","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Rice is the staple food and diet for the people of South East Asia. This study aims to compare the mineral contentsof various indigenous rice varieties grown and consumed by the local peoples in Sabah Malaysia. Both husked and dehusked form of rice varieties wereselected in this work. The samples were prepared by digesting with concentrated nitric acid before determining the mineral contents using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The result shows significant difference (P\u003c 0.05) of mineral content in rice of different forms and mineral contents varies among the rice varieties. For husked samples, the range for concentration of various minerals expressed as mg/100 g were Na (6.65 - 15.70), K (263.33 - 438.33), Ca (5.07 - 10.77), Mg (2.37 - 3.60), Fe (3.32 - 5.85), Cu (0.22 - 0.47) and Zn (2.52 - 3.42). On the other hand, the dehusked samples showeda lower range of mineral contents. The range of concentration expressed in mg/100 g were 4.63 - 6.53 for Na, 223.33 - 310.00 for K, 1.10 - 2.12 for Ca, 1.35 - 2.82 for Mg, 1.52 - 3.30 for Fe, 0.20 - 0.42 for Cu and 2.22 - 2.95 for Zn. However, the magnesium concentration is found lower than those reported in the literature. Iron, copper and zinc reach 29% of the RDA which contributed significantly for daily intake while macro elements in these rice samples did not contribute significantly. Therefore, peoples are urged to consume a wide variety of food to obtain sufficient nutrients and not only depending on rice consumption alone. "},"translated_abstract":"Rice is the staple food and diet for the people of South East Asia. This study aims to compare the mineral contentsof various indigenous rice varieties grown and consumed by the local peoples in Sabah Malaysia. Both husked and dehusked form of rice varieties wereselected in this work. The samples were prepared by digesting with concentrated nitric acid before determining the mineral contents using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The result shows significant difference (P\u003c 0.05) of mineral content in rice of different forms and mineral contents varies among the rice varieties. For husked samples, the range for concentration of various minerals expressed as mg/100 g were Na (6.65 - 15.70), K (263.33 - 438.33), Ca (5.07 - 10.77), Mg (2.37 - 3.60), Fe (3.32 - 5.85), Cu (0.22 - 0.47) and Zn (2.52 - 3.42). On the other hand, the dehusked samples showeda lower range of mineral contents. The range of concentration expressed in mg/100 g were 4.63 - 6.53 for Na, 223.33 - 310.00 for K, 1.10 - 2.12 for Ca, 1.35 - 2.82 for Mg, 1.52 - 3.30 for Fe, 0.20 - 0.42 for Cu and 2.22 - 2.95 for Zn. However, the magnesium concentration is found lower than those reported in the literature. Iron, copper and zinc reach 29% of the RDA which contributed significantly for daily intake while macro elements in these rice samples did not contribute significantly. Therefore, peoples are urged to consume a wide variety of food to obtain sufficient nutrients and not only depending on rice consumption alone. ","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11497759/Essential_minerals_in_various_rice_varieties_of_Sabah_Malaysia_and_their_role_in_providing_RDA_for_minerals","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T20:20:08.023-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014705,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014705/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"CEREAL_FOODS_WORLD_Supplement__2008_Vol._53_No._4_A82.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014705/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Essential_minerals_in_various_rice_varie.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014705/CEREAL_FOODS_WORLD_Supplement__2008_Vol._53_No._4_A82-libre.pdf?1426648540=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEssential_minerals_in_various_rice_varie.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=gGxe4~bEhpwvojZedDqVV3ZNNJMYXA~tGtVTBM7bxNeVGqVeztwyU7fi2B2avnUaioV4IkrXLaJhHeEl3Cute-Qlmf~hoNiONVcHJi3IIR80hNT0AqfC792TxOCt6rQE8Gn4VVf3v8izZaT8dXRtxB-qAgt3Rgr4oLnunhKYyfWHeAXB5vh1UMjnVYiR9YaI56LZC~5Zys9dkUHmjuFIKALvdjIig2qzm5dBsuSIsBBckYWkxCbFHpJkYuP0xGNqR6PkwJgQg6q1mhF0SLRlAgR3p5DiUAT3aVibsMgkIV64prAHzPVWTGzatIfo7TTPs8zMZprWutdwJCBRchfk6g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Essential_minerals_in_various_rice_varieties_of_Sabah_Malaysia_and_their_role_in_providing_RDA_for_minerals","translated_slug":"","page_count":95,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014705,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014705/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"CEREAL_FOODS_WORLD_Supplement__2008_Vol._53_No._4_A82.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014705/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Essential_minerals_in_various_rice_varie.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014705/CEREAL_FOODS_WORLD_Supplement__2008_Vol._53_No._4_A82-libre.pdf?1426648540=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEssential_minerals_in_various_rice_varie.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=gGxe4~bEhpwvojZedDqVV3ZNNJMYXA~tGtVTBM7bxNeVGqVeztwyU7fi2B2avnUaioV4IkrXLaJhHeEl3Cute-Qlmf~hoNiONVcHJi3IIR80hNT0AqfC792TxOCt6rQE8Gn4VVf3v8izZaT8dXRtxB-qAgt3Rgr4oLnunhKYyfWHeAXB5vh1UMjnVYiR9YaI56LZC~5Zys9dkUHmjuFIKALvdjIig2qzm5dBsuSIsBBckYWkxCbFHpJkYuP0xGNqR6PkwJgQg6q1mhF0SLRlAgR3p5DiUAT3aVibsMgkIV64prAHzPVWTGzatIfo7TTPs8zMZprWutdwJCBRchfk6g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1907,"name":"Nutrition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutrition"},{"id":2086,"name":"Public Health Nutrition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Health_Nutrition"},{"id":9095,"name":"Trace Metals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trace_Metals"},{"id":34478,"name":"Food Science and Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Science_and_Technology"},{"id":39719,"name":"Food Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Analysis"},{"id":87401,"name":"Rice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rice"},{"id":224577,"name":"Trace Elements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trace_Elements"},{"id":702312,"name":"Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atomic_Absorption_Spectroscopy"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11497679"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497679/Determination_of_some_metals_in_different_brands_of_Tea_and_their_availability_to_humans_in_Tea_infusions"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Determination of some metals in different brands of Tea and their availability to humans in Tea infusions." class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014668/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497679/Determination_of_some_metals_in_different_brands_of_Tea_and_their_availability_to_humans_in_Tea_infusions">Determination of some metals in different brands of Tea and their availability to humans in Tea infusions.</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a115d13ee986e519ffcb227bf0d7929c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014668,"asset_id":11497679,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014668/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11497679"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11497679"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497679; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497679]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497679]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497679; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11497679']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11497679, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a115d13ee986e519ffcb227bf0d7929c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11497679]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11497679,"title":"Determination of some metals in different brands of Tea and their availability to humans in Tea infusions.","translated_title":"","metadata":{},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11497679/Determination_of_some_metals_in_different_brands_of_Tea_and_their_availability_to_humans_in_Tea_infusions","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T20:11:43.243-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014668,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014668/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Sci_Int_2005__17_4_299-302_Metals_in_Tea_Infusions.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014668/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Determination_of_some_metals_in_differen.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014668/Sci_Int_2005__17_4_299-302_Metals_in_Tea_Infusions-libre.pdf?1426648172=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDetermination_of_some_metals_in_differen.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=YH-pMgcYcd6aTzDYnl-u5PSPiaagpWoNxsHrZHX4EHxWhyrBuR-ADakKsUH~3TlS~tUOM4i6DnzRQlRSRPBoQx4m~5pbqDqueKw7AXrsz6t5IA6eJ~r2nqB4pxWJwNb8En~rPZD8Oq8vvgRRc8G4ZL9HUS-tGvg3uZD5O7rpW9j74xuozK5wA89UecPgCGFI7nN~6D8L27r60LaErUewiFwpvle1g07piTNaU~KC48MRH99pIFb-ENxD1FFxwJE1ejz6xxvDREbV7eiyzQPCNVGrn0XMtlWir76TEONzexs18rqDwbybMdhZC6Yj4FJzGxlmAXrAu7veDtFgdmtTfA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Determination_of_some_metals_in_different_brands_of_Tea_and_their_availability_to_humans_in_Tea_infusions","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014668,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014668/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Sci_Int_2005__17_4_299-302_Metals_in_Tea_Infusions.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014668/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Determination_of_some_metals_in_differen.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014668/Sci_Int_2005__17_4_299-302_Metals_in_Tea_Infusions-libre.pdf?1426648172=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDetermination_of_some_metals_in_differen.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=YH-pMgcYcd6aTzDYnl-u5PSPiaagpWoNxsHrZHX4EHxWhyrBuR-ADakKsUH~3TlS~tUOM4i6DnzRQlRSRPBoQx4m~5pbqDqueKw7AXrsz6t5IA6eJ~r2nqB4pxWJwNb8En~rPZD8Oq8vvgRRc8G4ZL9HUS-tGvg3uZD5O7rpW9j74xuozK5wA89UecPgCGFI7nN~6D8L27r60LaErUewiFwpvle1g07piTNaU~KC48MRH99pIFb-ENxD1FFxwJE1ejz6xxvDREbV7eiyzQPCNVGrn0XMtlWir76TEONzexs18rqDwbybMdhZC6Yj4FJzGxlmAXrAu7veDtFgdmtTfA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9095,"name":"Trace Metals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trace_Metals"},{"id":702312,"name":"Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atomic_Absorption_Spectroscopy"},{"id":1435732,"name":"Essential Mineral Elements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Essential_Mineral_Elements"},{"id":1858035,"name":"Tea leaves","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tea_leaves"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11497650"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497650/Synthesis_and_Characterization_of_Triphenylene_based_Discotic_liquid_crystalline_monomers_containing_Azobenzene_moieties"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Synthesis and Characterization of Triphenylene- based Discotic liquid crystalline monomers containing Azobenzene moieties" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014628/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497650/Synthesis_and_Characterization_of_Triphenylene_based_Discotic_liquid_crystalline_monomers_containing_Azobenzene_moieties">Synthesis and Characterization of Triphenylene- based Discotic liquid crystalline monomers containing Azobenzene moieties</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a4020f87f52ec1aeebe9e0db675123dd" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014628,"asset_id":11497650,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014628/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11497650"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11497650"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497650; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497650]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497650]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497650; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11497650']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11497650, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a4020f87f52ec1aeebe9e0db675123dd" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11497650]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11497650,"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Triphenylene- based Discotic liquid crystalline monomers containing Azobenzene moieties","translated_title":"","metadata":{},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11497650/Synthesis_and_Characterization_of_Triphenylene_based_Discotic_liquid_crystalline_monomers_containing_Azobenzene_moieties","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T20:05:57.743-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014628,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014628/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Borneo_Science_17_1-9_June_2005.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014628/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Synthesis_and_Characterization_of_Triphe.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014628/Borneo_Science_17_1-9_June_2005-libre.pdf?1426647754=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSynthesis_and_Characterization_of_Triphe.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=etM39ljw3YEK4E8MgUTSNUj6yCxJpO~OmQmUnvTgktND8tP~dorWtS-KSwec72mVz42yIq-L4-Ps3W5gtCgCrE8i4rAWro5JHokZR0i9Sv9yfgrtaEuo9T4dpdgmoLksMk~ywlkzR17TqwrFWVPrDUsImTnNy24WWihcHF6j25opu264~7oNaqq6nNJqp08ww5vpX8bEiVWAMvsdm1lDsS364GsjbUwJymLsS9m4EL0LPZ-5FY~2e20E3GyV0XLM3zYOE8Ij85o5Yf6irB3V6rahAtmRmQI-4E-u8c9cdih663Ij853RpbCVP6ustuBxF4LyQ35JbVAYb2P7dXhRiw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Synthesis_and_Characterization_of_Triphenylene_based_Discotic_liquid_crystalline_monomers_containing_Azobenzene_moieties","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014628,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014628/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Borneo_Science_17_1-9_June_2005.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014628/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Synthesis_and_Characterization_of_Triphe.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014628/Borneo_Science_17_1-9_June_2005-libre.pdf?1426647754=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSynthesis_and_Characterization_of_Triphe.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=etM39ljw3YEK4E8MgUTSNUj6yCxJpO~OmQmUnvTgktND8tP~dorWtS-KSwec72mVz42yIq-L4-Ps3W5gtCgCrE8i4rAWro5JHokZR0i9Sv9yfgrtaEuo9T4dpdgmoLksMk~ywlkzR17TqwrFWVPrDUsImTnNy24WWihcHF6j25opu264~7oNaqq6nNJqp08ww5vpX8bEiVWAMvsdm1lDsS364GsjbUwJymLsS9m4EL0LPZ-5FY~2e20E3GyV0XLM3zYOE8Ij85o5Yf6irB3V6rahAtmRmQI-4E-u8c9cdih663Ij853RpbCVP6ustuBxF4LyQ35JbVAYb2P7dXhRiw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":531,"name":"Organic Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Organic_Chemistry"},{"id":5020,"name":"Liquid Crystals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Liquid_Crystals"},{"id":11973,"name":"Nanomaterials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanomaterials"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11497599"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497599/Minerals_in_Health_and_Disease"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Minerals in Health and Disease" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014611/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497599/Minerals_in_Health_and_Disease">Minerals in Health and Disease</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="641852621ddd2f79d3aa8c7763e4c51a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014611,"asset_id":11497599,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014611/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11497599"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11497599"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497599; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497599]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497599]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497599; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11497599']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11497599, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "641852621ddd2f79d3aa8c7763e4c51a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11497599]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11497599,"title":"Minerals in Health and Disease","translated_title":"","metadata":{},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11497599/Minerals_in_Health_and_Disease","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T20:00:32.484-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014611,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014611/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Sci_Int_2003_15_3_279-286_Minerals_in_Health_Disease.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014611/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Minerals_in_Health_and_Disease.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014611/Sci_Int_2003_15_3_279-286_Minerals_in_Health_Disease-libre.pdf?1426647667=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMinerals_in_Health_and_Disease.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=UFxhLolrtDILWKrd0qKNx7UNesnUFoMdxi0pArovn68f4dkxqe08kagk2iZZUaQ0R1cmFvYjCa~Ctvcpr6srOszIDcEDvLaN~aqWkGuLwxNVNuHlxwL0PkEpQhbeZKL21e1SUNkObEwQlFlj-7tOVkpEKEnd5npnCxwXe9l0ML7zscm3pUu4CepHgVlKbj~wgBnpdRCT4ypM9Qa0XWU7pSSoyot7LNS~6uk-uc-eeJbZxS2BEcRkPK~QFSW2iU2Awo699IJGX62l~ztfYPw7c5VOWG1~Elp4JKBKcHbnkSXpuj2sfMuhzhqlce6jM7eLGyjLNBXBCo1HzjTvNeZshw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Minerals_in_Health_and_Disease","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014611,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014611/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Sci_Int_2003_15_3_279-286_Minerals_in_Health_Disease.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014611/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Minerals_in_Health_and_Disease.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014611/Sci_Int_2003_15_3_279-286_Minerals_in_Health_Disease-libre.pdf?1426647667=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMinerals_in_Health_and_Disease.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=UFxhLolrtDILWKrd0qKNx7UNesnUFoMdxi0pArovn68f4dkxqe08kagk2iZZUaQ0R1cmFvYjCa~Ctvcpr6srOszIDcEDvLaN~aqWkGuLwxNVNuHlxwL0PkEpQhbeZKL21e1SUNkObEwQlFlj-7tOVkpEKEnd5npnCxwXe9l0ML7zscm3pUu4CepHgVlKbj~wgBnpdRCT4ypM9Qa0XWU7pSSoyot7LNS~6uk-uc-eeJbZxS2BEcRkPK~QFSW2iU2Awo699IJGX62l~ztfYPw7c5VOWG1~Elp4JKBKcHbnkSXpuj2sfMuhzhqlce6jM7eLGyjLNBXBCo1HzjTvNeZshw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6478,"name":"Nutritional Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutritional_Epidemiology"},{"id":9533,"name":"Minerals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Minerals"},{"id":16288,"name":"Public Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Health"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11497559"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497559/Heavy_metal_concentrations_in_water_and_tiger_prawn_Penaeus_monodon_from_grow_out_farms_in_Sabah_North_Borneo"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Heavy metal concentrations in water and tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) from grow-out farms in Sabah, North Borneo" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014565/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497559/Heavy_metal_concentrations_in_water_and_tiger_prawn_Penaeus_monodon_from_grow_out_farms_in_Sabah_North_Borneo">Heavy metal concentrations in water and tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) from grow-out farms in Sabah, North Borneo</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Concentrations of a number of heavy metals, including Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn w...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Concentrations of a number of heavy metals, including Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn were determined in samples of water and muscle tissue of tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) from two farms. One farm was located in Tuaran (farm-A) and the other in Likas (farm-B) near Kota Kinabalu. While Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, Pb and Zn concentrations were higher in the water from farm-A, other metal concentrations (Cd, Mn and Ni) were higher in farm-B. Tiger prawns raised in farm-A had comparatively higher concentrations of Co, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb. Those grown in farm-B had higher levels of Cd, Fe, Mn, Mo and Zn. No general correlation between metal levels was discernible in the prawn tissue. The data suggested complexities in uptake and retention of metals in tiger prawn. This animal seemed to resist the build-up of certain metals whereas it allowed the entry of others to the extent of exceeding the proportion that occurred in the environment. Some of the controlling factors include the nature of the metals, environmental factors, the body’s reaction, physiological tolerance, tissue thresholds and regulatory mechanisms.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="bc5728f76c1f9b2f1eda048eb8bc36d3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014565,"asset_id":11497559,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014565/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11497559"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11497559"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497559; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497559]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497559]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497559; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11497559']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11497559, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "bc5728f76c1f9b2f1eda048eb8bc36d3" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11497559]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11497559,"title":"Heavy metal concentrations in water and tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) from grow-out farms in Sabah, North Borneo","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Concentrations of a number of heavy metals, including Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn were determined in samples of water and muscle tissue of tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) from two farms. One farm was located in Tuaran (farm-A) and the other in Likas (farm-B) near Kota Kinabalu. While Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, Pb and Zn concentrations were higher in the water from farm-A, other metal concentrations (Cd, Mn and Ni) were higher in farm-B. Tiger prawns raised in farm-A had comparatively higher concentrations of Co, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb. Those grown in farm-B had higher levels of Cd, Fe, Mn, Mo and Zn. No general correlation between metal levels was discernible in the prawn tissue. The data suggested complexities in uptake and retention of metals in tiger prawn. This animal seemed to resist the build-up of certain metals whereas it allowed the entry of others to the extent of exceeding the proportion that occurred in the environment. Some of the controlling factors include the nature of the metals, environmental factors, the body’s reaction, physiological tolerance, tissue thresholds and regulatory mechanisms."},"translated_abstract":"Concentrations of a number of heavy metals, including Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn were determined in samples of water and muscle tissue of tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) from two farms. One farm was located in Tuaran (farm-A) and the other in Likas (farm-B) near Kota Kinabalu. While Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, Pb and Zn concentrations were higher in the water from farm-A, other metal concentrations (Cd, Mn and Ni) were higher in farm-B. Tiger prawns raised in farm-A had comparatively higher concentrations of Co, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb. Those grown in farm-B had higher levels of Cd, Fe, Mn, Mo and Zn. No general correlation between metal levels was discernible in the prawn tissue. The data suggested complexities in uptake and retention of metals in tiger prawn. This animal seemed to resist the build-up of certain metals whereas it allowed the entry of others to the extent of exceeding the proportion that occurred in the environment. Some of the controlling factors include the nature of the metals, environmental factors, the body’s reaction, physiological tolerance, tissue thresholds and regulatory mechanisms.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11497559/Heavy_metal_concentrations_in_water_and_tiger_prawn_Penaeus_monodon_from_grow_out_farms_in_Sabah_North_Borneo","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T19:56:33.933-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014565,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014565/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Food_Chemistry_79_2002_151-156.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014565/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Heavy_metal_concentrations_in_water_and.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014565/Food_Chemistry_79_2002_151-156-libre.pdf?1426647194=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHeavy_metal_concentrations_in_water_and.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=F39fYhbPZ3L~2-eiFgY~aXGsCH7OQF7OeQ1whAvEj0BMDcB1pRSfbWyT~nWNtmQMcm6FhqcWFOIFhVdmve1KXtQnjKvTD-1XOdUbt0ILgyTNqLeXaIgD8GFXhpwOCE5jBnrdXJ1sLCbNOE2yIESiXYyzRLNplIpQuSffn81mBTuk3OEVGOjrgHPK2wJ0DrIp21wqd6g~l4EEDWdrIYQGt-2iazv2~PuOw6uieQM~881nv0FPYXwYhS0X61YAaQpC5mzf9m8GpaxM6ofNRkz~bnw2-71HYGz~cyNLo3xVKX4RpdcH9j~Bhewh1LBwB3cJWGsi1Db-xJTBtnjb5oaYsQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Heavy_metal_concentrations_in_water_and_tiger_prawn_Penaeus_monodon_from_grow_out_farms_in_Sabah_North_Borneo","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014565,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014565/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Food_Chemistry_79_2002_151-156.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014565/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Heavy_metal_concentrations_in_water_and.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014565/Food_Chemistry_79_2002_151-156-libre.pdf?1426647194=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHeavy_metal_concentrations_in_water_and.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=F39fYhbPZ3L~2-eiFgY~aXGsCH7OQF7OeQ1whAvEj0BMDcB1pRSfbWyT~nWNtmQMcm6FhqcWFOIFhVdmve1KXtQnjKvTD-1XOdUbt0ILgyTNqLeXaIgD8GFXhpwOCE5jBnrdXJ1sLCbNOE2yIESiXYyzRLNplIpQuSffn81mBTuk3OEVGOjrgHPK2wJ0DrIp21wqd6g~l4EEDWdrIYQGt-2iazv2~PuOw6uieQM~881nv0FPYXwYhS0X61YAaQpC5mzf9m8GpaxM6ofNRkz~bnw2-71HYGz~cyNLo3xVKX4RpdcH9j~Bhewh1LBwB3cJWGsi1Db-xJTBtnjb5oaYsQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":158,"name":"Marine Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Biology"},{"id":7274,"name":"Marine Aquaculture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Aquaculture"},{"id":23848,"name":"Aquaculture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aquaculture"},{"id":57697,"name":"Heavy metals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heavy_metals"},{"id":133733,"name":"Food and Seafood Safety","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_and_Seafood_Safety"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11497485"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497485/Distribution_of_heavy_metals_in_seawater_sea_sediments_and_sea_cucumber_Holothuria_scraba_and_its_implications_for_sea_ranching_in_Sabah_Malaysian_Borneo"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Distribution of heavy metals in seawater, sea sediments and sea cucumber (Holothuria scraba), and its implications for sea ranching in Sabah Malaysian Borneo." class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014518/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497485/Distribution_of_heavy_metals_in_seawater_sea_sediments_and_sea_cucumber_Holothuria_scraba_and_its_implications_for_sea_ranching_in_Sabah_Malaysian_Borneo">Distribution of heavy metals in seawater, sea sediments and sea cucumber (Holothuria scraba), and its implications for sea ranching in Sabah Malaysian Borneo.</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8a0dcd5210d3b7e6a6ebfa77e1f3bc15" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014518,"asset_id":11497485,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014518/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11497485"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11497485"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497485; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497485]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497485]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497485; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11497485']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11497485, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8a0dcd5210d3b7e6a6ebfa77e1f3bc15" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11497485]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11497485,"title":"Distribution of heavy metals in seawater, sea sediments and sea cucumber (Holothuria scraba), and its implications for sea ranching in Sabah Malaysian Borneo.","translated_title":"","metadata":{},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11497485/Distribution_of_heavy_metals_in_seawater_sea_sediments_and_sea_cucumber_Holothuria_scraba_and_its_implications_for_sea_ranching_in_Sabah_Malaysian_Borneo","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T19:48:57.205-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014518,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014518/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Sci_Int_2002_14_1_29-32_Heavy_metals_in_Sea_Cucumber_Seawater_and_Sediments_in_Sabah.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014518/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Distribution_of_heavy_metals_in_seawater.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014518/Sci_Int_2002_14_1_29-32_Heavy_metals_in_Sea_Cucumber_Seawater_and_Sediments_in_Sabah-libre.pdf?1426646856=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDistribution_of_heavy_metals_in_seawater.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=JGYpdf80Ul7UlC97pqq2xrrwEXe3NzEFMDwBPDa8F~0taptslIvIgPXJ5yyUr0OKnH4Ct77-dCNhqAna8AZyf1Hfzji3J~eM8WrVCZ9oWw5wW-QRAQJVmHtzPMw4dXp2m~csXA~zVzElKWJBrANpCv1TBnpxMubLmegV9lcsR6L2nH7In~-5MhnsOgVnZ3d1E7EiWPe3-x~yMmF1xI~puJ6IIEQeDEqb-YeF-od3pN5j1dRs8q2mcRwM6sxi5GFX-Af9U~btdc43usrBGR4yebkDvFX1VV2jBIk6fukUmRhPqR-YEqboaMxujA3oyUrxcdtWbydsy9NOOnMMh~SbIg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Distribution_of_heavy_metals_in_seawater_sea_sediments_and_sea_cucumber_Holothuria_scraba_and_its_implications_for_sea_ranching_in_Sabah_Malaysian_Borneo","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014518,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014518/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Sci_Int_2002_14_1_29-32_Heavy_metals_in_Sea_Cucumber_Seawater_and_Sediments_in_Sabah.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014518/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Distribution_of_heavy_metals_in_seawater.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014518/Sci_Int_2002_14_1_29-32_Heavy_metals_in_Sea_Cucumber_Seawater_and_Sediments_in_Sabah-libre.pdf?1426646856=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDistribution_of_heavy_metals_in_seawater.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=JGYpdf80Ul7UlC97pqq2xrrwEXe3NzEFMDwBPDa8F~0taptslIvIgPXJ5yyUr0OKnH4Ct77-dCNhqAna8AZyf1Hfzji3J~eM8WrVCZ9oWw5wW-QRAQJVmHtzPMw4dXp2m~csXA~zVzElKWJBrANpCv1TBnpxMubLmegV9lcsR6L2nH7In~-5MhnsOgVnZ3d1E7EiWPe3-x~yMmF1xI~puJ6IIEQeDEqb-YeF-od3pN5j1dRs8q2mcRwM6sxi5GFX-Af9U~btdc43usrBGR4yebkDvFX1VV2jBIk6fukUmRhPqR-YEqboaMxujA3oyUrxcdtWbydsy9NOOnMMh~SbIg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":57697,"name":"Heavy metals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heavy_metals"},{"id":158686,"name":"Seawater Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seawater_Chemistry"},{"id":443644,"name":"Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in living organisms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioaccumulation_of_heavy_metals_in_living_organisms"},{"id":488099,"name":"Sea Cucumber Fisheries and Aquaculture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sea_Cucumber_Fisheries_and_Aquaculture"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11497437"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497437/Effect_of_low_temperature_storage_on_protein_denaturation_in_beche_de_mer"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effect of low temperature storage on protein denaturation in beche-de-mer" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014413/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497437/Effect_of_low_temperature_storage_on_protein_denaturation_in_beche_de_mer">Effect of low temperature storage on protein denaturation in beche-de-mer</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Protein denaturation in beche -de- mer stored at low temperatures was studied. The selected tempe...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Protein denaturation in beche -de- mer stored at low temperatures was studied. The selected temperatures were 4 C, 0 C and – 10 C and durations of treatment were 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours. Decline in solubility of protein in 5% neutral salt (NaCl) solution was used as an index of denaturation. Protein denaturation increased with the duration of storage possibly due to uncoiling of polypeptides and cross linking among the adjacent chains of these complex molecules. Differences were noticed in the pattern of decline in the protein solubility at different temperatures. Of the various thermal regimes tested, chilling at –10 C appeared to be the most effective means of controlling protein denaturation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="4d18c7f0dbe335095dfa60d420f80a52" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014413,"asset_id":11497437,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014413/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11497437"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11497437"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497437; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497437]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497437]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497437; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11497437']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11497437, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "4d18c7f0dbe335095dfa60d420f80a52" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11497437]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11497437,"title":"Effect of low temperature storage on protein denaturation in beche-de-mer","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Protein denaturation in beche -de- mer stored at low temperatures was studied. The selected temperatures were 4 C, 0 C and – 10 C and durations of treatment were 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours. Decline in solubility of protein in 5% neutral salt (NaCl) solution was used as an index of denaturation. Protein denaturation increased with the duration of storage possibly due to uncoiling of polypeptides and cross linking among the adjacent chains of these complex molecules. Differences were noticed in the pattern of decline in the protein solubility at different temperatures. Of the various thermal regimes tested, chilling at –10 C appeared to be the most effective means of controlling protein denaturation."},"translated_abstract":"Protein denaturation in beche -de- mer stored at low temperatures was studied. The selected temperatures were 4 C, 0 C and – 10 C and durations of treatment were 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours. Decline in solubility of protein in 5% neutral salt (NaCl) solution was used as an index of denaturation. Protein denaturation increased with the duration of storage possibly due to uncoiling of polypeptides and cross linking among the adjacent chains of these complex molecules. Differences were noticed in the pattern of decline in the protein solubility at different temperatures. Of the various thermal regimes tested, chilling at –10 C appeared to be the most effective means of controlling protein denaturation.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11497437/Effect_of_low_temperature_storage_on_protein_denaturation_in_beche_de_mer","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T19:44:11.772-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014413,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014413/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Sci.Int.Lahore_132_145-147_2001.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014413/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_low_temperature_storage_on_pro.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014413/Sci.Int.Lahore_132_145-147_2001-libre.pdf?1426646152=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_low_temperature_storage_on_pro.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=Ht4RhavxYPNwYWKofr~IFSKzRO8apbeE~lvXwkQKSJqtYZJx910s2rt3wN8jRa0q-YAZ-pnTcdnPxpqz5MJo0pSjDg3qKiGRg-2wfyIMQ0Z03OZplT8cg8uNtkmODqJmqXWOz6JOz8c~l4GYFrcWaldhxly0QcbpkL0lMRxWE2R4kLDAn6tbVGTSzNiNprQHyLRzY3yUJCkJ4HJwfDvW9fwd~WivMdn0ph~ml-RnWWwxNlBf17PdbtW9gb5WJu4XdwSYnKLCeiglIvITo5SKmiv3i5OF9De8aFEI9Yu1C2iLTFYgjafonVX8lx3MA2bFUyjqCVZ5ojnKOMBvgRJx5g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Effect_of_low_temperature_storage_on_protein_denaturation_in_beche_de_mer","translated_slug":"","page_count":3,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014413,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014413/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Sci.Int.Lahore_132_145-147_2001.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014413/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_low_temperature_storage_on_pro.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014413/Sci.Int.Lahore_132_145-147_2001-libre.pdf?1426646152=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_low_temperature_storage_on_pro.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=Ht4RhavxYPNwYWKofr~IFSKzRO8apbeE~lvXwkQKSJqtYZJx910s2rt3wN8jRa0q-YAZ-pnTcdnPxpqz5MJo0pSjDg3qKiGRg-2wfyIMQ0Z03OZplT8cg8uNtkmODqJmqXWOz6JOz8c~l4GYFrcWaldhxly0QcbpkL0lMRxWE2R4kLDAn6tbVGTSzNiNprQHyLRzY3yUJCkJ4HJwfDvW9fwd~WivMdn0ph~ml-RnWWwxNlBf17PdbtW9gb5WJu4XdwSYnKLCeiglIvITo5SKmiv3i5OF9De8aFEI9Yu1C2iLTFYgjafonVX8lx3MA2bFUyjqCVZ5ojnKOMBvgRJx5g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3306,"name":"Protein Purification","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Purification"},{"id":19394,"name":"Seafood spoilage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seafood_spoilage"},{"id":126181,"name":"Fish products processing technology, Food and seafood safety","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fish_products_processing_technology_Food_and_seafood_safety"},{"id":1186541,"name":"Protein Denaturation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Denaturation"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11497348"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497348/Low_molecular_weight_compounds_produced_during_systemic_acquired_resistance_in_cucumber_against_Colletotrichum_lagenarium"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Low molecular weight compounds produced during systemic acquired resistance in cucumber against Colletotrichum lagenarium." class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014344/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497348/Low_molecular_weight_compounds_produced_during_systemic_acquired_resistance_in_cucumber_against_Colletotrichum_lagenarium">Low molecular weight compounds produced during systemic acquired resistance in cucumber against Colletotrichum lagenarium.</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="be34015d63abd2f54ca629e7d70ea8ae" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014344,"asset_id":11497348,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014344/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11497348"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11497348"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497348; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497348]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497348]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497348; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11497348']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11497348, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "be34015d63abd2f54ca629e7d70ea8ae" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11497348]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11497348,"title":"Low molecular weight compounds produced during systemic acquired resistance in cucumber against Colletotrichum lagenarium.","translated_title":"","metadata":{},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11497348/Low_molecular_weight_compounds_produced_during_systemic_acquired_resistance_in_cucumber_against_Colletotrichum_lagenarium","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T19:32:04.519-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014344,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014344/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Pak_Jour_Pl_Sci._4_2_63_71_1998.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014344/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Low_molecular_weight_compounds_produced.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014344/Pak_Jour_Pl_Sci._4_2_63_71_1998-libre.pdf?1426645659=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLow_molecular_weight_compounds_produced.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=DosVD0BgIa4MXBobe~HSHkCjrArYKGrYc4PMCOMGDsKKxWg53cO1xeXVloxQvYQTl9kacLtjq~b5JJnBunHYDEIiuGywUoJKXki0UvU1uNROZgH1aXreig8iCwiQKGBUZXhpPr2auBgfcFhQIq1dLvlIy5S3yeKprN0TwdfeJguu~fbqzZl7ZucWyHrVHG8P4QAtsX5IsuFabFWPVdSjq6C0tJcCKJop1bFjycMReztS7V3~8KvlsCG1jwknZzXY0j9QcPD6rKlRQWVI2BBJjsn81jdB1mgt02cDQAg0uHAqvEmP4bULFve64DyFcQzoy8kMs0JkOGgxb4TqANxwDw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Low_molecular_weight_compounds_produced_during_systemic_acquired_resistance_in_cucumber_against_Colletotrichum_lagenarium","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014344,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014344/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Pak_Jour_Pl_Sci._4_2_63_71_1998.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014344/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Low_molecular_weight_compounds_produced.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014344/Pak_Jour_Pl_Sci._4_2_63_71_1998-libre.pdf?1426645659=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLow_molecular_weight_compounds_produced.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=DosVD0BgIa4MXBobe~HSHkCjrArYKGrYc4PMCOMGDsKKxWg53cO1xeXVloxQvYQTl9kacLtjq~b5JJnBunHYDEIiuGywUoJKXki0UvU1uNROZgH1aXreig8iCwiQKGBUZXhpPr2auBgfcFhQIq1dLvlIy5S3yeKprN0TwdfeJguu~fbqzZl7ZucWyHrVHG8P4QAtsX5IsuFabFWPVdSjq6C0tJcCKJop1bFjycMReztS7V3~8KvlsCG1jwknZzXY0j9QcPD6rKlRQWVI2BBJjsn81jdB1mgt02cDQAg0uHAqvEmP4bULFve64DyFcQzoy8kMs0JkOGgxb4TqANxwDw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":168481,"name":"UV/Vis spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/UV_Vis_spectroscopy"},{"id":347949,"name":"Phenolic Compounds","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phenolic_Compounds"},{"id":888739,"name":"Quntitative Thin Layer Chromatography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quntitative_Thin_Layer_Chromatography"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11497302"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497302/Induction_of_systemic_acquired_resistance_by_oxalic_acid_in_chickpea_Cicer_arietinum_against_Ascochyta_rabiei"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Induction of systemic acquired resistance by oxalic acid in chickpea (Cicer arietinum) against Ascochyta rabiei." class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014319/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497302/Induction_of_systemic_acquired_resistance_by_oxalic_acid_in_chickpea_Cicer_arietinum_against_Ascochyta_rabiei">Induction of systemic acquired resistance by oxalic acid in chickpea (Cicer arietinum) against Ascochyta rabiei.</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="99be91dc615e25fc93988b49333a4d37" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014319,"asset_id":11497302,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014319/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11497302"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11497302"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497302; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497302]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497302]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497302; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11497302']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11497302, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "99be91dc615e25fc93988b49333a4d37" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11497302]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11497302,"title":"Induction of systemic acquired resistance by oxalic acid in chickpea (Cicer arietinum) against Ascochyta rabiei.","translated_title":"","metadata":{},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11497302/Induction_of_systemic_acquired_resistance_by_oxalic_acid_in_chickpea_Cicer_arietinum_against_Ascochyta_rabiei","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T19:23:02.528-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014319,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014319/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Pakistan_Journal_of_Phytopathology._9_1-_18-20_1997.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014319/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Induction_of_systemic_acquired_resistanc.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014319/Pakistan_Journal_of_Phytopathology._9_1-_18-20_1997-libre.pdf?1426645327=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DInduction_of_systemic_acquired_resistanc.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=DPVwIXlIn8zNPTsQXaONy9MNfzIsRcV4ybiyROUwRaTXlaU-Tmu~nFfegPOuZYMpiiL6vmSra4k3jPVI32aaDOZsJ2UXPbdAhRbcmMRd1IRZtGUllcGKmjldTDONa5MRiHX0u6HWC6tn0neNn~brWq5f8n~MzRMjB4LvfY2z5RKFn5FcEiPrrHny07aKWKQQe-xsQJ6GP03jkihyeZpIQtl7q82xlZZ-vfngoeL~oVHrQGK6QhkeYt~pzUHlMAwu1yJ4cosctV2Zs5L8T3U35LqXYQk-UvkOwdoR9t2pp2a4pB7dRoyjOzWAwJrKgDGbQGFMwVWOxlattBQY~nN-wQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Induction_of_systemic_acquired_resistance_by_oxalic_acid_in_chickpea_Cicer_arietinum_against_Ascochyta_rabiei","translated_slug":"","page_count":3,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014319,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014319/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Pakistan_Journal_of_Phytopathology._9_1-_18-20_1997.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014319/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Induction_of_systemic_acquired_resistanc.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014319/Pakistan_Journal_of_Phytopathology._9_1-_18-20_1997-libre.pdf?1426645327=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DInduction_of_systemic_acquired_resistanc.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=DPVwIXlIn8zNPTsQXaONy9MNfzIsRcV4ybiyROUwRaTXlaU-Tmu~nFfegPOuZYMpiiL6vmSra4k3jPVI32aaDOZsJ2UXPbdAhRbcmMRd1IRZtGUllcGKmjldTDONa5MRiHX0u6HWC6tn0neNn~brWq5f8n~MzRMjB4LvfY2z5RKFn5FcEiPrrHny07aKWKQQe-xsQJ6GP03jkihyeZpIQtl7q82xlZZ-vfngoeL~oVHrQGK6QhkeYt~pzUHlMAwu1yJ4cosctV2Zs5L8T3U35LqXYQk-UvkOwdoR9t2pp2a4pB7dRoyjOzWAwJrKgDGbQGFMwVWOxlattBQY~nN-wQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":100602,"name":"Host Plant Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Plant_Resistance"},{"id":202427,"name":"Chickpea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chickpea"},{"id":1740173,"name":"Ascochyta rabiei","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ascochyta_rabiei"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11497280"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497280/Systemic_acquired_resistance_induced_by_dipotassium_phosphate_and_EDTA_in_chickepa_Cicer_arientinum_against_Ascocyta_rabiei_and_the_effect_of_Calcium_II_ions"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Systemic acquired resistance induced by dipotassium phosphate and EDTA in chickepa (Cicer arientinum) against Ascocyta rabiei and the effect of Calcium (II) ions. " class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014291/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497280/Systemic_acquired_resistance_induced_by_dipotassium_phosphate_and_EDTA_in_chickepa_Cicer_arientinum_against_Ascocyta_rabiei_and_the_effect_of_Calcium_II_ions">Systemic acquired resistance induced by dipotassium phosphate and EDTA in chickepa (Cicer arientinum) against Ascocyta rabiei and the effect of Calcium (II) ions. </a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b76b45b80a3cef529814d935bf3d2cc6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014291,"asset_id":11497280,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014291/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11497280"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11497280"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497280; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497280]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497280]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497280; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11497280']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11497280, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b76b45b80a3cef529814d935bf3d2cc6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11497280]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11497280,"title":"Systemic acquired resistance induced by dipotassium phosphate and EDTA in chickepa (Cicer arientinum) against Ascocyta rabiei and the effect of Calcium (II) ions. ","translated_title":"","metadata":{},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11497280/Systemic_acquired_resistance_induced_by_dipotassium_phosphate_and_EDTA_in_chickepa_Cicer_arientinum_against_Ascocyta_rabiei_and_the_effect_of_Calcium_II_ions","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T19:18:48.485-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014291,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014291/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Sci._lnt___Lahore_7__3_405-406___1_995.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014291/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Systemic_acquired_resistance_induced_by.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014291/Sci._lnt___Lahore_7__3_405-406___1_995-libre.pdf?1426645112=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSystemic_acquired_resistance_induced_by.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=bv~XNO9sNx9LAhG8ihVUHtOvIPwKozrVTwEHCxeKESFeww6Im~qYPAcCLLMRqqTeCyOZs2SZyIWZ6M7xCVg4lZ-dbnYZZTTcDejT~YU57WPrUKkf5CGZgiQQ-Ikp80tHkOMrZPzdDmmt2Dv1Mm4re~u~-CoSY5J19y8~iQ-EYeqfU876Vc-szv5~lVq4-WdNxFZDDXA5jE-iNfgBOsdvLTlCuflDn0SHfaFg2IenCT4tMLPVsjW3J3NiXV-0c-GOOjwqzPs4H0-FdShzvPtLRnTjaNM2TEmqCpIr3a-S0x2lLv33BgDWiGpzv2dhxII2DG-yfC95b-mRAgsO~J4RvA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Systemic_acquired_resistance_induced_by_dipotassium_phosphate_and_EDTA_in_chickepa_Cicer_arientinum_against_Ascocyta_rabiei_and_the_effect_of_Calcium_II_ions","translated_slug":"","page_count":2,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014291,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014291/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Sci._lnt___Lahore_7__3_405-406___1_995.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014291/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Systemic_acquired_resistance_induced_by.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014291/Sci._lnt___Lahore_7__3_405-406___1_995-libre.pdf?1426645112=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSystemic_acquired_resistance_induced_by.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=bv~XNO9sNx9LAhG8ihVUHtOvIPwKozrVTwEHCxeKESFeww6Im~qYPAcCLLMRqqTeCyOZs2SZyIWZ6M7xCVg4lZ-dbnYZZTTcDejT~YU57WPrUKkf5CGZgiQQ-Ikp80tHkOMrZPzdDmmt2Dv1Mm4re~u~-CoSY5J19y8~iQ-EYeqfU876Vc-szv5~lVq4-WdNxFZDDXA5jE-iNfgBOsdvLTlCuflDn0SHfaFg2IenCT4tMLPVsjW3J3NiXV-0c-GOOjwqzPs4H0-FdShzvPtLRnTjaNM2TEmqCpIr3a-S0x2lLv33BgDWiGpzv2dhxII2DG-yfC95b-mRAgsO~J4RvA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":63518,"name":"Plant microbe interactions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_microbe_interactions"},{"id":1326898,"name":"Host Plant Resistance In Chickpea Against Pest","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Plant_Resistance_In_Chickpea_Against_Pest"},{"id":1740173,"name":"Ascochyta rabiei","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ascochyta_rabiei"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="2745886" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11498179"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11498179/ANTIMELANOGENESIS_ACTIVITY_OF_POLYPHENOL_GLYCOSIDE_SYNTHESIZED_BY_TRANSGLYCOSYLATION_REACTION_OF_CGTASE_FROM_XANTHOMONAS_CAMPESTRIS"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of ANTIMELANOGENESIS ACTIVITY OF POLYPHENOL GLYCOSIDE SYNTHESIZED BY TRANSGLYCOSYLATION REACTION OF CGTASE FROM XANTHOMONAS CAMPESTRIS" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014966/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11498179/ANTIMELANOGENESIS_ACTIVITY_OF_POLYPHENOL_GLYCOSIDE_SYNTHESIZED_BY_TRANSGLYCOSYLATION_REACTION_OF_CGTASE_FROM_XANTHOMONAS_CAMPESTRIS">ANTIMELANOGENESIS ACTIVITY OF POLYPHENOL GLYCOSIDE SYNTHESIZED BY TRANSGLYCOSYLATION REACTION OF CGTASE FROM XANTHOMONAS CAMPESTRIS</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi">Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JokoSulistyo">Joko Sulistyo</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Xanthomonas campestris is known as xanthan gum biopolymer producing bacteria, which is useful as ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Xanthomonas campestris is known as xanthan gum biopolymer producing bacteria, which is useful as thickener, <br />stabilizer,  and  suspending  agent  in  the  food  industry.  The  mechanism  of  the  synthesis  of  xanthan  gum  is <br />thought to involve enzymatic metabolism is quite complex, so that research on that existence of enzymes that <br />play  a  role  in  the  synthesis  of  biopolymer  is  important  to  expose.  This  study,  aimed  to  test  the  ability  of  X. <br />campestris  culture  that  has  transglycosylation  activity  as  a  producer  of  cyclodextrin  glucanotransferase <br />(CGTase) on acceptor of resorcinol and corn flour as its substrate to produce polyphenol glycosides as transfer <br />products  that  may  have  antimelanogenesis  activity.  Reaction  products  were  analyzed  by  thin  layer <br />chromatography.  The  study  was  focused  to  test  and  to  purify  polyphenol  glycoside  using  ODS  coloum <br />chromatography  eluted  with  methanol  and  1%  formic  acid  as  gradient  eluent.  Result  showed  that  the <br />polyphenol glycoside, arbutin, and resorcinol at a  concentration of 5 mM had potentially inhibitory effect that <br />suppressed against activity of enzyme tyrosinase that might be presumably playing a role in the synthesis of <br />melanin in a mechanism of melanogenesis, amount to 10.57%, 5.69%, 13.90%, respectively</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b5f07a0ec0285a19243882650d3aa686" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014966,"asset_id":11498179,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014966/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11498179"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11498179"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11498179; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11498179]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11498179]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11498179; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11498179']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11498179, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b5f07a0ec0285a19243882650d3aa686" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11498179]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11498179,"title":"ANTIMELANOGENESIS ACTIVITY OF POLYPHENOL GLYCOSIDE SYNTHESIZED BY TRANSGLYCOSYLATION REACTION OF CGTASE FROM XANTHOMONAS CAMPESTRIS","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Xanthomonas campestris is known as xanthan gum biopolymer producing bacteria, which is useful as thickener, \nstabilizer, and suspending agent in the food industry. The mechanism of the synthesis of xanthan gum is \nthought to involve enzymatic metabolism is quite complex, so that research on that existence of enzymes that \nplay a role in the synthesis of biopolymer is important to expose. This study, aimed to test the ability of X. \ncampestris culture that has transglycosylation activity as a producer of cyclodextrin glucanotransferase \n(CGTase) on acceptor of resorcinol and corn flour as its substrate to produce polyphenol glycosides as transfer \nproducts that may have antimelanogenesis activity. Reaction products were analyzed by thin layer \nchromatography. The study was focused to test and to purify polyphenol glycoside using ODS coloum \nchromatography eluted with methanol and 1% formic acid as gradient eluent. Result showed that the \npolyphenol glycoside, arbutin, and resorcinol at a concentration of 5 mM had potentially inhibitory effect that \nsuppressed against activity of enzyme tyrosinase that might be presumably playing a role in the synthesis of \nmelanin in a mechanism of melanogenesis, amount to 10.57%, 5.69%, 13.90%, respectively"},"translated_abstract":"Xanthomonas campestris is known as xanthan gum biopolymer producing bacteria, which is useful as thickener, \nstabilizer, and suspending agent in the food industry. The mechanism of the synthesis of xanthan gum is \nthought to involve enzymatic metabolism is quite complex, so that research on that existence of enzymes that \nplay a role in the synthesis of biopolymer is important to expose. This study, aimed to test the ability of X. \ncampestris culture that has transglycosylation activity as a producer of cyclodextrin glucanotransferase \n(CGTase) on acceptor of resorcinol and corn flour as its substrate to produce polyphenol glycosides as transfer \nproducts that may have antimelanogenesis activity. Reaction products were analyzed by thin layer \nchromatography. The study was focused to test and to purify polyphenol glycoside using ODS coloum \nchromatography eluted with methanol and 1% formic acid as gradient eluent. Result showed that the \npolyphenol glycoside, arbutin, and resorcinol at a concentration of 5 mM had potentially inhibitory effect that \nsuppressed against activity of enzyme tyrosinase that might be presumably playing a role in the synthesis of \nmelanin in a mechanism of melanogenesis, amount to 10.57%, 5.69%, 13.90%, respectively","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11498179/ANTIMELANOGENESIS_ACTIVITY_OF_POLYPHENOL_GLYCOSIDE_SYNTHESIZED_BY_TRANSGLYCOSYLATION_REACTION_OF_CGTASE_FROM_XANTHOMONAS_CAMPESTRIS","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T20:52:16.190-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":287005,"work_id":11498179,"tagging_user_id":18079929,"tagged_user_id":7926221,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***y@yahoo.com","display_order":null,"name":"Joko Sulistyo","title":"ANTIMELANOGENESIS ACTIVITY OF POLYPHENOL GLYCOSIDE SYNTHESIZED BY TRANSGLYCOSYLATION REACTION OF CGTASE FROM XANTHOMONAS CAMPESTRIS"},{"id":287006,"work_id":11498179,"tagging_user_id":18079929,"tagged_user_id":9458528,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***n@gmail.com","display_order":null,"name":"Joko Sulistyo","title":"ANTIMELANOGENESIS ACTIVITY OF POLYPHENOL GLYCOSIDE SYNTHESIZED BY TRANSGLYCOSYLATION REACTION OF CGTASE FROM XANTHOMONAS CAMPESTRIS"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014966,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014966/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"I_J_R_A_F_S_Dec._2014._Vol._2_No.8__Antimelanogenesis_Activity.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014966/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"ANTIMELANOGENESIS_ACTIVITY_OF_POLYPHENOL.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014966/I_J_R_A_F_S_Dec._2014._Vol._2_No.8__Antimelanogenesis_Activity-libre.pdf?1426650413=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DANTIMELANOGENESIS_ACTIVITY_OF_POLYPHENOL.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717005\u0026Signature=aZYF7gInKGEhENmjfKMx~kCmnv1C-I6yr~uQDJUFRyKpdcnRk4pagzjtfxH7dGD-U6dZJHdQcHijf7Anb2-7LdQd2n0FPuwOVSBvvzjaveOkwanTgzhg2TaENgJQY1PltFEFaBZsAHCEommNoNr88G~K4K~OFZFhKJLJdpwNJwemDElK2JMsipQAoTF~z-a1OVHHnavb5N6pEY0d3SQs2sesCe1T9ZuS7ppRbSUDqgcCoBmOiSA1--Fe1Glshb6G64UgrEhB~AZu4nKtfLsoo6zy6WkmN5lf8xjp3oScHvLn73YBp5qA-CPew9EtZFwqh4NbMpqQQl2nqTtTYc~hBw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"ANTIMELANOGENESIS_ACTIVITY_OF_POLYPHENOL_GLYCOSIDE_SYNTHESIZED_BY_TRANSGLYCOSYLATION_REACTION_OF_CGTASE_FROM_XANTHOMONAS_CAMPESTRIS","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014966,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014966/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"I_J_R_A_F_S_Dec._2014._Vol._2_No.8__Antimelanogenesis_Activity.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014966/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"ANTIMELANOGENESIS_ACTIVITY_OF_POLYPHENOL.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014966/I_J_R_A_F_S_Dec._2014._Vol._2_No.8__Antimelanogenesis_Activity-libre.pdf?1426650413=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DANTIMELANOGENESIS_ACTIVITY_OF_POLYPHENOL.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717005\u0026Signature=aZYF7gInKGEhENmjfKMx~kCmnv1C-I6yr~uQDJUFRyKpdcnRk4pagzjtfxH7dGD-U6dZJHdQcHijf7Anb2-7LdQd2n0FPuwOVSBvvzjaveOkwanTgzhg2TaENgJQY1PltFEFaBZsAHCEommNoNr88G~K4K~OFZFhKJLJdpwNJwemDElK2JMsipQAoTF~z-a1OVHHnavb5N6pEY0d3SQs2sesCe1T9ZuS7ppRbSUDqgcCoBmOiSA1--Fe1Glshb6G64UgrEhB~AZu4nKtfLsoo6zy6WkmN5lf8xjp3oScHvLn73YBp5qA-CPew9EtZFwqh4NbMpqQQl2nqTtTYc~hBw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48579,"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbial_Biotechnology-1"},{"id":61742,"name":"Microbial Enzymes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbial_Enzymes"},{"id":676491,"name":"Xanthomonas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Xanthomonas"},{"id":1858071,"name":"Polyphenol glycosides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polyphenol_glycosides"},{"id":1858072,"name":"Trasnsglycosylation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trasnsglycosylation"},{"id":1858073,"name":"CGtase","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CGtase"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11498048"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11498048/Effect_of_Brickworks_Emission_of_Cadmium_on_Wheat_Plant_and_Soil"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Brickworks Emission of Cadmium on Wheat Plant and Soil" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014931/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11498048/Effect_of_Brickworks_Emission_of_Cadmium_on_Wheat_Plant_and_Soil">Effect of Brickworks Emission of Cadmium on Wheat Plant and Soil</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Level of a selected heavy metal, cadmium (Cd), emitted from the chimneys of brick manufacturing w...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Level of a selected heavy metal, cadmium (Cd), emitted from the chimneys of brick manufacturing works and its consequences on surrounding soil and wheat plant were studied Two brick kilns located along the ring road in the area of Sufaid Dheri, Peshawar were selected. Samples <br />of soil and plant were collected from eighteen different sites at 100, 200 and 300 m distances from brick kiln chimney in all four directions to measure cadmium deposition effect of distance and wind direction. In addition 8 dust samples in duplicate were also collected in plastic buckets installed at <br />3m height and 50 m distance from the chimney to estimate the dust fall rate and extent of Cd load from brickworks. Results showed higher dust fall rate in all four directions ranging from 23.8 to 46.0 g/m 2 month  -1 at 50m distance form the chimney. Taking averages across all direction, higher dust from brick works caused addition of Cd with 0.08 mg/kg. Coal analysis showed that burning of coal may add a huge quantity of Cd in short perod. Such substantial amounts of Cd from dust and coal induced accumulation of this heavy metal in soil and plants around the brick kiln. Plants around the kilns also showed higher accumulation of Cd (up to 7.83 mg/kg) with the distance from chimney. <br />The study was of high importance showing significant addition of heavy metals from brick works emission and indicates its harmful effect on soils, plants, heritage and human beings, residing in the vicinity of the brickworks. To summarize, the data obtained in this study would present a baseline for the planners, health authorities, scientists and consumers to adopt appropriate remedial measure.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="453a812e623a59a1ebefb075bbbde6f6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014931,"asset_id":11498048,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014931/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11498048"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11498048"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11498048; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11498048]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11498048]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11498048; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11498048']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11498048, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "453a812e623a59a1ebefb075bbbde6f6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11498048]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11498048,"title":"Effect of Brickworks Emission of Cadmium on Wheat Plant and Soil","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Level of a selected heavy metal, cadmium (Cd), emitted from the chimneys of brick manufacturing works and its consequences on surrounding soil and wheat plant were studied Two brick kilns located along the ring road in the area of Sufaid Dheri, Peshawar were selected. Samples \nof soil and plant were collected from eighteen different sites at 100, 200 and 300 m distances from brick kiln chimney in all four directions to measure cadmium deposition effect of distance and wind direction. In addition 8 dust samples in duplicate were also collected in plastic buckets installed at \n3m height and 50 m distance from the chimney to estimate the dust fall rate and extent of Cd load from brickworks. Results showed higher dust fall rate in all four directions ranging from 23.8 to 46.0 g/m 2 month -1 at 50m distance form the chimney. Taking averages across all direction, higher dust from brick works caused addition of Cd with 0.08 mg/kg. Coal analysis showed that burning of coal may add a huge quantity of Cd in short perod. Such substantial amounts of Cd from dust and coal induced accumulation of this heavy metal in soil and plants around the brick kiln. Plants around the kilns also showed higher accumulation of Cd (up to 7.83 mg/kg) with the distance from chimney. \nThe study was of high importance showing significant addition of heavy metals from brick works emission and indicates its harmful effect on soils, plants, heritage and human beings, residing in the vicinity of the brickworks. To summarize, the data obtained in this study would present a baseline for the planners, health authorities, scientists and consumers to adopt appropriate remedial measure. "},"translated_abstract":"Level of a selected heavy metal, cadmium (Cd), emitted from the chimneys of brick manufacturing works and its consequences on surrounding soil and wheat plant were studied Two brick kilns located along the ring road in the area of Sufaid Dheri, Peshawar were selected. Samples \nof soil and plant were collected from eighteen different sites at 100, 200 and 300 m distances from brick kiln chimney in all four directions to measure cadmium deposition effect of distance and wind direction. In addition 8 dust samples in duplicate were also collected in plastic buckets installed at \n3m height and 50 m distance from the chimney to estimate the dust fall rate and extent of Cd load from brickworks. Results showed higher dust fall rate in all four directions ranging from 23.8 to 46.0 g/m 2 month -1 at 50m distance form the chimney. Taking averages across all direction, higher dust from brick works caused addition of Cd with 0.08 mg/kg. Coal analysis showed that burning of coal may add a huge quantity of Cd in short perod. Such substantial amounts of Cd from dust and coal induced accumulation of this heavy metal in soil and plants around the brick kiln. Plants around the kilns also showed higher accumulation of Cd (up to 7.83 mg/kg) with the distance from chimney. \nThe study was of high importance showing significant addition of heavy metals from brick works emission and indicates its harmful effect on soils, plants, heritage and human beings, residing in the vicinity of the brickworks. To summarize, the data obtained in this study would present a baseline for the planners, health authorities, scientists and consumers to adopt appropriate remedial measure. ","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11498048/Effect_of_Brickworks_Emission_of_Cadmium_on_Wheat_Plant_and_Soil","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T20:43:51.091-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":286985,"work_id":11498048,"tagging_user_id":18079929,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":118224,"email":"i***r@nifa.org.pk","display_order":null,"name":"Ihsan Ihsaullah","title":"Effect of Brickworks Emission of Cadmium on Wheat Plant and Soil"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014931,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014931/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"J.Chem.Soc.Pak._Vol._36_No._5_2014.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014931/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_Brickworks_Emission_of_Cadmium.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014931/J.Chem.Soc.Pak._Vol._36_No._5_2014-libre.pdf?1426650112=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_Brickworks_Emission_of_Cadmium.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=HvdQBhpSuI6iEFbXWVhlVazVZcaVJ1i9bV-t5pXiEQH2rjfABvogBhZ~DID-FyRvPZ~eScX-gCaFMFLxPiOAa3S7-SQm5rR9Zmyn5FjlHKl5VohGUmbDNNEqiV5X3RpU93KON-8XIkmY4ZlJMxc8jownPqRdKGONVYSfsCTFEt~47SsdTAw0HA2VxnK3T1RaBCik7b0y~-WzMvBHLB6~NqwEns8iUChW1dInAtZOE7LVKOimBg35jjIy-hMGwGuUfFNJhhOgmWK4CPMrs-s~5AmleCTxKXmzqVYOWLfsXQRRVWUeV-6~Bzpc8Xx3KVoiS9nK8OQcOo~YLENoAgSOuQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Effect_of_Brickworks_Emission_of_Cadmium_on_Wheat_Plant_and_Soil","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014931,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014931/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"J.Chem.Soc.Pak._Vol._36_No._5_2014.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014931/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_Brickworks_Emission_of_Cadmium.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014931/J.Chem.Soc.Pak._Vol._36_No._5_2014-libre.pdf?1426650112=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_Brickworks_Emission_of_Cadmium.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=HvdQBhpSuI6iEFbXWVhlVazVZcaVJ1i9bV-t5pXiEQH2rjfABvogBhZ~DID-FyRvPZ~eScX-gCaFMFLxPiOAa3S7-SQm5rR9Zmyn5FjlHKl5VohGUmbDNNEqiV5X3RpU93KON-8XIkmY4ZlJMxc8jownPqRdKGONVYSfsCTFEt~47SsdTAw0HA2VxnK3T1RaBCik7b0y~-WzMvBHLB6~NqwEns8iUChW1dInAtZOE7LVKOimBg35jjIy-hMGwGuUfFNJhhOgmWK4CPMrs-s~5AmleCTxKXmzqVYOWLfsXQRRVWUeV-6~Bzpc8Xx3KVoiS9nK8OQcOo~YLENoAgSOuQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":25445,"name":"Environmental Pollution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Pollution"},{"id":57697,"name":"Heavy metals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heavy_metals"},{"id":136765,"name":"Wheat","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wheat"},{"id":273485,"name":"Biosorption of heavy metals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biosorption_of_heavy_metals"},{"id":668106,"name":"Cadmium Toxicity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cadmium_Toxicity"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11497802"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497802/Determination_of_Seven_Heavy_Metals_in_Eight_Species_of_Sea_Cucumbers"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Determination of Seven Heavy Metals in Eight Species of Sea Cucumbers." class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014793/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497802/Determination_of_Seven_Heavy_Metals_in_Eight_Species_of_Sea_Cucumbers">Determination of Seven Heavy Metals in Eight Species of Sea Cucumbers.</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The concentrations of seven heavy metals including As, Pb, Cd, Zn, Cr Cu, and Mn were determined ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The concentrations of seven heavy metals including As, Pb, Cd, Zn, Cr Cu, and Mn were determined in eight species of sea cucumbers. Known amounts of the washed, dried & ground samples of each species were wet digested in triplicate using nitric acid and further treated with H2O2 until clear solutions were formed. The solutions were filtered using nylon filter papers and diluted with water. The <br />metals in the solutions were determined using ICP-MS technique. The concentrations of the toxic metals <br />such as As, Pb and Cd were found to be lower than the permitted values according to the Malaysian Food <br />Act of 1983 and regulation of 1985 except for As in Actinopyga Lecan and that of Pb in Thelenota Ananas <br />species. It can therefore, be concluded that all the species of sea cucumbers except the above two species found in the sea coast of Sabah are safe for human consumption and hence can be exported overseas to earn some foreign exchange.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="fe3ba808d5083e0a4329be9d66339a9f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014793,"asset_id":11497802,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014793/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11497802"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11497802"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497802; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497802]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497802]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497802; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11497802']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11497802, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "fe3ba808d5083e0a4329be9d66339a9f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11497802]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11497802,"title":"Determination of Seven Heavy Metals in Eight Species of Sea Cucumbers.","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The concentrations of seven heavy metals including As, Pb, Cd, Zn, Cr Cu, and Mn were determined in eight species of sea cucumbers. Known amounts of the washed, dried \u0026 ground samples of each species were wet digested in triplicate using nitric acid and further treated with H2O2 until clear solutions were formed. The solutions were filtered using nylon filter papers and diluted with water. The \nmetals in the solutions were determined using ICP-MS technique. The concentrations of the toxic metals \nsuch as As, Pb and Cd were found to be lower than the permitted values according to the Malaysian Food \nAct of 1983 and regulation of 1985 except for As in Actinopyga Lecan and that of Pb in Thelenota Ananas \nspecies. It can therefore, be concluded that all the species of sea cucumbers except the above two species found in the sea coast of Sabah are safe for human consumption and hence can be exported overseas to earn some foreign exchange. "},"translated_abstract":"The concentrations of seven heavy metals including As, Pb, Cd, Zn, Cr Cu, and Mn were determined in eight species of sea cucumbers. Known amounts of the washed, dried \u0026 ground samples of each species were wet digested in triplicate using nitric acid and further treated with H2O2 until clear solutions were formed. The solutions were filtered using nylon filter papers and diluted with water. The \nmetals in the solutions were determined using ICP-MS technique. The concentrations of the toxic metals \nsuch as As, Pb and Cd were found to be lower than the permitted values according to the Malaysian Food \nAct of 1983 and regulation of 1985 except for As in Actinopyga Lecan and that of Pb in Thelenota Ananas \nspecies. It can therefore, be concluded that all the species of sea cucumbers except the above two species found in the sea coast of Sabah are safe for human consumption and hence can be exported overseas to earn some foreign exchange. ","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11497802/Determination_of_Seven_Heavy_Metals_in_Eight_Species_of_Sea_Cucumbers","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T20:26:11.291-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014793,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014793/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Sci.Int.Lahore_261_261-262_2014.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014793/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Determination_of_Seven_Heavy_Metals_in_E.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014793/Sci.Int.Lahore_261_261-262_2014-libre.pdf?1426649065=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDetermination_of_Seven_Heavy_Metals_in_E.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=A0Qr7KNKhup89XT24AWAMopKeZEz-vdnt~hu77-RZOALEDaQztgqMYdA5OO1Nb74~q9Zk5kDnw4MdJ2QRoCVHiNzxfHd1lG10A-s0BvkAYilIms7yUO2l2m7w7SuLRI1DH433t-F9wwuJiil69HFiuC2llTwwRjzayEgO9KGk5x7nC9FAy~ufQktYF3dNsDMJqIfnmioscyWGeKtwWselXDSfyZ1uRDBJMupqT8qtYKOCHRwUmvIzDCzvmOziPlqKaI8g3u98ArWnRpGNbFJNwJNqf88w6Q1IzsnAlgLnrdqHBhFRJNM~R2XvgUarB2X6f52R1u3q-9AREKC0LMmjw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Determination_of_Seven_Heavy_Metals_in_Eight_Species_of_Sea_Cucumbers","translated_slug":"","page_count":2,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014793,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014793/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Sci.Int.Lahore_261_261-262_2014.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014793/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Determination_of_Seven_Heavy_Metals_in_E.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014793/Sci.Int.Lahore_261_261-262_2014-libre.pdf?1426649065=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDetermination_of_Seven_Heavy_Metals_in_E.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=A0Qr7KNKhup89XT24AWAMopKeZEz-vdnt~hu77-RZOALEDaQztgqMYdA5OO1Nb74~q9Zk5kDnw4MdJ2QRoCVHiNzxfHd1lG10A-s0BvkAYilIms7yUO2l2m7w7SuLRI1DH433t-F9wwuJiil69HFiuC2llTwwRjzayEgO9KGk5x7nC9FAy~ufQktYF3dNsDMJqIfnmioscyWGeKtwWselXDSfyZ1uRDBJMupqT8qtYKOCHRwUmvIzDCzvmOziPlqKaI8g3u98ArWnRpGNbFJNwJNqf88w6Q1IzsnAlgLnrdqHBhFRJNM~R2XvgUarB2X6f52R1u3q-9AREKC0LMmjw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9095,"name":"Trace Metals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trace_Metals"},{"id":57697,"name":"Heavy metals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heavy_metals"},{"id":224577,"name":"Trace Elements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trace_Elements"},{"id":488099,"name":"Sea Cucumber Fisheries and Aquaculture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sea_Cucumber_Fisheries_and_Aquaculture"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11497759"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497759/Essential_minerals_in_various_rice_varieties_of_Sabah_Malaysia_and_their_role_in_providing_RDA_for_minerals"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Essential minerals in various rice varieties of Sabah Malaysia and their role in providing RDA for minerals. " class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014705/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497759/Essential_minerals_in_various_rice_varieties_of_Sabah_Malaysia_and_their_role_in_providing_RDA_for_minerals">Essential minerals in various rice varieties of Sabah Malaysia and their role in providing RDA for minerals. </a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Rice is the staple food and diet for the people of South East Asia. This study aims to compare th...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Rice is the staple food and diet for the people of South East Asia. This study aims to compare the mineral contentsof various indigenous rice varieties grown and consumed by the local peoples in Sabah Malaysia. Both husked and dehusked form of rice varieties wereselected in this work. The samples were prepared by digesting with concentrated nitric acid before determining the mineral contents using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The result shows significant difference (P< 0.05) of mineral content in rice of different forms and mineral contents varies among the rice varieties. For husked samples, the range for concentration of various minerals expressed as mg/100 g were Na (6.65 - 15.70), K (263.33 - 438.33), Ca (5.07 - 10.77), Mg (2.37 - 3.60), Fe (3.32 - 5.85), Cu (0.22 - 0.47) and Zn (2.52 - 3.42). On the other hand, the dehusked samples showeda lower range of mineral contents. The range of concentration expressed in mg/100 g were 4.63 - 6.53 for Na, 223.33 - 310.00 for K, 1.10 - 2.12 for Ca, 1.35 - 2.82 for Mg, 1.52 - 3.30 for Fe, 0.20 - 0.42 for Cu and 2.22 - 2.95 for Zn. However, the magnesium concentration is found lower than those reported in the literature. Iron, copper and zinc reach 29% of the RDA which contributed significantly for daily intake while macro elements in these rice samples did not contribute significantly. Therefore, peoples are urged to consume a wide variety of food to obtain sufficient nutrients and not only depending on rice consumption alone.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="066c0e9feb836d9a4aaa777cad355ed3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014705,"asset_id":11497759,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014705/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11497759"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11497759"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497759; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497759]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497759]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497759; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11497759']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11497759, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "066c0e9feb836d9a4aaa777cad355ed3" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11497759]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11497759,"title":"Essential minerals in various rice varieties of Sabah Malaysia and their role in providing RDA for minerals. ","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Rice is the staple food and diet for the people of South East Asia. This study aims to compare the mineral contentsof various indigenous rice varieties grown and consumed by the local peoples in Sabah Malaysia. Both husked and dehusked form of rice varieties wereselected in this work. The samples were prepared by digesting with concentrated nitric acid before determining the mineral contents using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The result shows significant difference (P\u003c 0.05) of mineral content in rice of different forms and mineral contents varies among the rice varieties. For husked samples, the range for concentration of various minerals expressed as mg/100 g were Na (6.65 - 15.70), K (263.33 - 438.33), Ca (5.07 - 10.77), Mg (2.37 - 3.60), Fe (3.32 - 5.85), Cu (0.22 - 0.47) and Zn (2.52 - 3.42). On the other hand, the dehusked samples showeda lower range of mineral contents. The range of concentration expressed in mg/100 g were 4.63 - 6.53 for Na, 223.33 - 310.00 for K, 1.10 - 2.12 for Ca, 1.35 - 2.82 for Mg, 1.52 - 3.30 for Fe, 0.20 - 0.42 for Cu and 2.22 - 2.95 for Zn. However, the magnesium concentration is found lower than those reported in the literature. Iron, copper and zinc reach 29% of the RDA which contributed significantly for daily intake while macro elements in these rice samples did not contribute significantly. Therefore, peoples are urged to consume a wide variety of food to obtain sufficient nutrients and not only depending on rice consumption alone. "},"translated_abstract":"Rice is the staple food and diet for the people of South East Asia. This study aims to compare the mineral contentsof various indigenous rice varieties grown and consumed by the local peoples in Sabah Malaysia. Both husked and dehusked form of rice varieties wereselected in this work. The samples were prepared by digesting with concentrated nitric acid before determining the mineral contents using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The result shows significant difference (P\u003c 0.05) of mineral content in rice of different forms and mineral contents varies among the rice varieties. For husked samples, the range for concentration of various minerals expressed as mg/100 g were Na (6.65 - 15.70), K (263.33 - 438.33), Ca (5.07 - 10.77), Mg (2.37 - 3.60), Fe (3.32 - 5.85), Cu (0.22 - 0.47) and Zn (2.52 - 3.42). On the other hand, the dehusked samples showeda lower range of mineral contents. The range of concentration expressed in mg/100 g were 4.63 - 6.53 for Na, 223.33 - 310.00 for K, 1.10 - 2.12 for Ca, 1.35 - 2.82 for Mg, 1.52 - 3.30 for Fe, 0.20 - 0.42 for Cu and 2.22 - 2.95 for Zn. However, the magnesium concentration is found lower than those reported in the literature. Iron, copper and zinc reach 29% of the RDA which contributed significantly for daily intake while macro elements in these rice samples did not contribute significantly. Therefore, peoples are urged to consume a wide variety of food to obtain sufficient nutrients and not only depending on rice consumption alone. ","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11497759/Essential_minerals_in_various_rice_varieties_of_Sabah_Malaysia_and_their_role_in_providing_RDA_for_minerals","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T20:20:08.023-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014705,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014705/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"CEREAL_FOODS_WORLD_Supplement__2008_Vol._53_No._4_A82.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014705/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Essential_minerals_in_various_rice_varie.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014705/CEREAL_FOODS_WORLD_Supplement__2008_Vol._53_No._4_A82-libre.pdf?1426648540=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEssential_minerals_in_various_rice_varie.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=gGxe4~bEhpwvojZedDqVV3ZNNJMYXA~tGtVTBM7bxNeVGqVeztwyU7fi2B2avnUaioV4IkrXLaJhHeEl3Cute-Qlmf~hoNiONVcHJi3IIR80hNT0AqfC792TxOCt6rQE8Gn4VVf3v8izZaT8dXRtxB-qAgt3Rgr4oLnunhKYyfWHeAXB5vh1UMjnVYiR9YaI56LZC~5Zys9dkUHmjuFIKALvdjIig2qzm5dBsuSIsBBckYWkxCbFHpJkYuP0xGNqR6PkwJgQg6q1mhF0SLRlAgR3p5DiUAT3aVibsMgkIV64prAHzPVWTGzatIfo7TTPs8zMZprWutdwJCBRchfk6g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Essential_minerals_in_various_rice_varieties_of_Sabah_Malaysia_and_their_role_in_providing_RDA_for_minerals","translated_slug":"","page_count":95,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014705,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014705/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"CEREAL_FOODS_WORLD_Supplement__2008_Vol._53_No._4_A82.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014705/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Essential_minerals_in_various_rice_varie.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014705/CEREAL_FOODS_WORLD_Supplement__2008_Vol._53_No._4_A82-libre.pdf?1426648540=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEssential_minerals_in_various_rice_varie.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=gGxe4~bEhpwvojZedDqVV3ZNNJMYXA~tGtVTBM7bxNeVGqVeztwyU7fi2B2avnUaioV4IkrXLaJhHeEl3Cute-Qlmf~hoNiONVcHJi3IIR80hNT0AqfC792TxOCt6rQE8Gn4VVf3v8izZaT8dXRtxB-qAgt3Rgr4oLnunhKYyfWHeAXB5vh1UMjnVYiR9YaI56LZC~5Zys9dkUHmjuFIKALvdjIig2qzm5dBsuSIsBBckYWkxCbFHpJkYuP0xGNqR6PkwJgQg6q1mhF0SLRlAgR3p5DiUAT3aVibsMgkIV64prAHzPVWTGzatIfo7TTPs8zMZprWutdwJCBRchfk6g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1907,"name":"Nutrition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutrition"},{"id":2086,"name":"Public Health Nutrition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Health_Nutrition"},{"id":9095,"name":"Trace Metals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trace_Metals"},{"id":34478,"name":"Food Science and Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Science_and_Technology"},{"id":39719,"name":"Food Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Analysis"},{"id":87401,"name":"Rice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rice"},{"id":224577,"name":"Trace Elements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trace_Elements"},{"id":702312,"name":"Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atomic_Absorption_Spectroscopy"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11497679"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497679/Determination_of_some_metals_in_different_brands_of_Tea_and_their_availability_to_humans_in_Tea_infusions"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Determination of some metals in different brands of Tea and their availability to humans in Tea infusions." class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014668/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497679/Determination_of_some_metals_in_different_brands_of_Tea_and_their_availability_to_humans_in_Tea_infusions">Determination of some metals in different brands of Tea and their availability to humans in Tea infusions.</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a115d13ee986e519ffcb227bf0d7929c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014668,"asset_id":11497679,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014668/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11497679"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11497679"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497679; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497679]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497679]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497679; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11497679']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11497679, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a115d13ee986e519ffcb227bf0d7929c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11497679]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11497679,"title":"Determination of some metals in different brands of Tea and their availability to humans in Tea infusions.","translated_title":"","metadata":{},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11497679/Determination_of_some_metals_in_different_brands_of_Tea_and_their_availability_to_humans_in_Tea_infusions","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T20:11:43.243-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014668,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014668/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Sci_Int_2005__17_4_299-302_Metals_in_Tea_Infusions.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014668/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Determination_of_some_metals_in_differen.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014668/Sci_Int_2005__17_4_299-302_Metals_in_Tea_Infusions-libre.pdf?1426648172=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDetermination_of_some_metals_in_differen.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=YH-pMgcYcd6aTzDYnl-u5PSPiaagpWoNxsHrZHX4EHxWhyrBuR-ADakKsUH~3TlS~tUOM4i6DnzRQlRSRPBoQx4m~5pbqDqueKw7AXrsz6t5IA6eJ~r2nqB4pxWJwNb8En~rPZD8Oq8vvgRRc8G4ZL9HUS-tGvg3uZD5O7rpW9j74xuozK5wA89UecPgCGFI7nN~6D8L27r60LaErUewiFwpvle1g07piTNaU~KC48MRH99pIFb-ENxD1FFxwJE1ejz6xxvDREbV7eiyzQPCNVGrn0XMtlWir76TEONzexs18rqDwbybMdhZC6Yj4FJzGxlmAXrAu7veDtFgdmtTfA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Determination_of_some_metals_in_different_brands_of_Tea_and_their_availability_to_humans_in_Tea_infusions","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014668,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014668/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Sci_Int_2005__17_4_299-302_Metals_in_Tea_Infusions.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014668/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Determination_of_some_metals_in_differen.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014668/Sci_Int_2005__17_4_299-302_Metals_in_Tea_Infusions-libre.pdf?1426648172=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDetermination_of_some_metals_in_differen.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=YH-pMgcYcd6aTzDYnl-u5PSPiaagpWoNxsHrZHX4EHxWhyrBuR-ADakKsUH~3TlS~tUOM4i6DnzRQlRSRPBoQx4m~5pbqDqueKw7AXrsz6t5IA6eJ~r2nqB4pxWJwNb8En~rPZD8Oq8vvgRRc8G4ZL9HUS-tGvg3uZD5O7rpW9j74xuozK5wA89UecPgCGFI7nN~6D8L27r60LaErUewiFwpvle1g07piTNaU~KC48MRH99pIFb-ENxD1FFxwJE1ejz6xxvDREbV7eiyzQPCNVGrn0XMtlWir76TEONzexs18rqDwbybMdhZC6Yj4FJzGxlmAXrAu7veDtFgdmtTfA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9095,"name":"Trace Metals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trace_Metals"},{"id":702312,"name":"Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atomic_Absorption_Spectroscopy"},{"id":1435732,"name":"Essential Mineral Elements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Essential_Mineral_Elements"},{"id":1858035,"name":"Tea leaves","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tea_leaves"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11497650"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497650/Synthesis_and_Characterization_of_Triphenylene_based_Discotic_liquid_crystalline_monomers_containing_Azobenzene_moieties"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Synthesis and Characterization of Triphenylene- based Discotic liquid crystalline monomers containing Azobenzene moieties" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014628/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497650/Synthesis_and_Characterization_of_Triphenylene_based_Discotic_liquid_crystalline_monomers_containing_Azobenzene_moieties">Synthesis and Characterization of Triphenylene- based Discotic liquid crystalline monomers containing Azobenzene moieties</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a4020f87f52ec1aeebe9e0db675123dd" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014628,"asset_id":11497650,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014628/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11497650"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11497650"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497650; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497650]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497650]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497650; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11497650']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11497650, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a4020f87f52ec1aeebe9e0db675123dd" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11497650]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11497650,"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Triphenylene- based Discotic liquid crystalline monomers containing Azobenzene moieties","translated_title":"","metadata":{},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11497650/Synthesis_and_Characterization_of_Triphenylene_based_Discotic_liquid_crystalline_monomers_containing_Azobenzene_moieties","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T20:05:57.743-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014628,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014628/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Borneo_Science_17_1-9_June_2005.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014628/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Synthesis_and_Characterization_of_Triphe.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014628/Borneo_Science_17_1-9_June_2005-libre.pdf?1426647754=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSynthesis_and_Characterization_of_Triphe.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=etM39ljw3YEK4E8MgUTSNUj6yCxJpO~OmQmUnvTgktND8tP~dorWtS-KSwec72mVz42yIq-L4-Ps3W5gtCgCrE8i4rAWro5JHokZR0i9Sv9yfgrtaEuo9T4dpdgmoLksMk~ywlkzR17TqwrFWVPrDUsImTnNy24WWihcHF6j25opu264~7oNaqq6nNJqp08ww5vpX8bEiVWAMvsdm1lDsS364GsjbUwJymLsS9m4EL0LPZ-5FY~2e20E3GyV0XLM3zYOE8Ij85o5Yf6irB3V6rahAtmRmQI-4E-u8c9cdih663Ij853RpbCVP6ustuBxF4LyQ35JbVAYb2P7dXhRiw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Synthesis_and_Characterization_of_Triphenylene_based_Discotic_liquid_crystalline_monomers_containing_Azobenzene_moieties","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014628,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014628/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Borneo_Science_17_1-9_June_2005.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014628/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Synthesis_and_Characterization_of_Triphe.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014628/Borneo_Science_17_1-9_June_2005-libre.pdf?1426647754=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSynthesis_and_Characterization_of_Triphe.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=etM39ljw3YEK4E8MgUTSNUj6yCxJpO~OmQmUnvTgktND8tP~dorWtS-KSwec72mVz42yIq-L4-Ps3W5gtCgCrE8i4rAWro5JHokZR0i9Sv9yfgrtaEuo9T4dpdgmoLksMk~ywlkzR17TqwrFWVPrDUsImTnNy24WWihcHF6j25opu264~7oNaqq6nNJqp08ww5vpX8bEiVWAMvsdm1lDsS364GsjbUwJymLsS9m4EL0LPZ-5FY~2e20E3GyV0XLM3zYOE8Ij85o5Yf6irB3V6rahAtmRmQI-4E-u8c9cdih663Ij853RpbCVP6ustuBxF4LyQ35JbVAYb2P7dXhRiw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":531,"name":"Organic Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Organic_Chemistry"},{"id":5020,"name":"Liquid Crystals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Liquid_Crystals"},{"id":11973,"name":"Nanomaterials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanomaterials"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11497599"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497599/Minerals_in_Health_and_Disease"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Minerals in Health and Disease" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014611/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497599/Minerals_in_Health_and_Disease">Minerals in Health and Disease</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="641852621ddd2f79d3aa8c7763e4c51a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014611,"asset_id":11497599,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014611/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11497599"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11497599"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497599; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497599]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497599]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497599; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11497599']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11497599, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "641852621ddd2f79d3aa8c7763e4c51a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11497599]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11497599,"title":"Minerals in Health and Disease","translated_title":"","metadata":{},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11497599/Minerals_in_Health_and_Disease","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T20:00:32.484-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014611,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014611/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Sci_Int_2003_15_3_279-286_Minerals_in_Health_Disease.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014611/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Minerals_in_Health_and_Disease.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014611/Sci_Int_2003_15_3_279-286_Minerals_in_Health_Disease-libre.pdf?1426647667=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMinerals_in_Health_and_Disease.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=UFxhLolrtDILWKrd0qKNx7UNesnUFoMdxi0pArovn68f4dkxqe08kagk2iZZUaQ0R1cmFvYjCa~Ctvcpr6srOszIDcEDvLaN~aqWkGuLwxNVNuHlxwL0PkEpQhbeZKL21e1SUNkObEwQlFlj-7tOVkpEKEnd5npnCxwXe9l0ML7zscm3pUu4CepHgVlKbj~wgBnpdRCT4ypM9Qa0XWU7pSSoyot7LNS~6uk-uc-eeJbZxS2BEcRkPK~QFSW2iU2Awo699IJGX62l~ztfYPw7c5VOWG1~Elp4JKBKcHbnkSXpuj2sfMuhzhqlce6jM7eLGyjLNBXBCo1HzjTvNeZshw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Minerals_in_Health_and_Disease","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014611,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014611/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Sci_Int_2003_15_3_279-286_Minerals_in_Health_Disease.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014611/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Minerals_in_Health_and_Disease.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014611/Sci_Int_2003_15_3_279-286_Minerals_in_Health_Disease-libre.pdf?1426647667=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMinerals_in_Health_and_Disease.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=UFxhLolrtDILWKrd0qKNx7UNesnUFoMdxi0pArovn68f4dkxqe08kagk2iZZUaQ0R1cmFvYjCa~Ctvcpr6srOszIDcEDvLaN~aqWkGuLwxNVNuHlxwL0PkEpQhbeZKL21e1SUNkObEwQlFlj-7tOVkpEKEnd5npnCxwXe9l0ML7zscm3pUu4CepHgVlKbj~wgBnpdRCT4ypM9Qa0XWU7pSSoyot7LNS~6uk-uc-eeJbZxS2BEcRkPK~QFSW2iU2Awo699IJGX62l~ztfYPw7c5VOWG1~Elp4JKBKcHbnkSXpuj2sfMuhzhqlce6jM7eLGyjLNBXBCo1HzjTvNeZshw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6478,"name":"Nutritional Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutritional_Epidemiology"},{"id":9533,"name":"Minerals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Minerals"},{"id":16288,"name":"Public Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Health"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11497559"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497559/Heavy_metal_concentrations_in_water_and_tiger_prawn_Penaeus_monodon_from_grow_out_farms_in_Sabah_North_Borneo"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Heavy metal concentrations in water and tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) from grow-out farms in Sabah, North Borneo" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014565/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497559/Heavy_metal_concentrations_in_water_and_tiger_prawn_Penaeus_monodon_from_grow_out_farms_in_Sabah_North_Borneo">Heavy metal concentrations in water and tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) from grow-out farms in Sabah, North Borneo</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Concentrations of a number of heavy metals, including Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn w...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Concentrations of a number of heavy metals, including Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn were determined in samples of water and muscle tissue of tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) from two farms. One farm was located in Tuaran (farm-A) and the other in Likas (farm-B) near Kota Kinabalu. While Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, Pb and Zn concentrations were higher in the water from farm-A, other metal concentrations (Cd, Mn and Ni) were higher in farm-B. Tiger prawns raised in farm-A had comparatively higher concentrations of Co, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb. Those grown in farm-B had higher levels of Cd, Fe, Mn, Mo and Zn. No general correlation between metal levels was discernible in the prawn tissue. The data suggested complexities in uptake and retention of metals in tiger prawn. This animal seemed to resist the build-up of certain metals whereas it allowed the entry of others to the extent of exceeding the proportion that occurred in the environment. Some of the controlling factors include the nature of the metals, environmental factors, the body’s reaction, physiological tolerance, tissue thresholds and regulatory mechanisms.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="bc5728f76c1f9b2f1eda048eb8bc36d3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014565,"asset_id":11497559,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014565/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11497559"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11497559"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497559; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497559]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497559]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497559; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11497559']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11497559, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "bc5728f76c1f9b2f1eda048eb8bc36d3" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11497559]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11497559,"title":"Heavy metal concentrations in water and tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) from grow-out farms in Sabah, North Borneo","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Concentrations of a number of heavy metals, including Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn were determined in samples of water and muscle tissue of tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) from two farms. One farm was located in Tuaran (farm-A) and the other in Likas (farm-B) near Kota Kinabalu. While Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, Pb and Zn concentrations were higher in the water from farm-A, other metal concentrations (Cd, Mn and Ni) were higher in farm-B. Tiger prawns raised in farm-A had comparatively higher concentrations of Co, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb. Those grown in farm-B had higher levels of Cd, Fe, Mn, Mo and Zn. No general correlation between metal levels was discernible in the prawn tissue. The data suggested complexities in uptake and retention of metals in tiger prawn. This animal seemed to resist the build-up of certain metals whereas it allowed the entry of others to the extent of exceeding the proportion that occurred in the environment. Some of the controlling factors include the nature of the metals, environmental factors, the body’s reaction, physiological tolerance, tissue thresholds and regulatory mechanisms."},"translated_abstract":"Concentrations of a number of heavy metals, including Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn were determined in samples of water and muscle tissue of tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) from two farms. One farm was located in Tuaran (farm-A) and the other in Likas (farm-B) near Kota Kinabalu. While Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, Pb and Zn concentrations were higher in the water from farm-A, other metal concentrations (Cd, Mn and Ni) were higher in farm-B. Tiger prawns raised in farm-A had comparatively higher concentrations of Co, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb. Those grown in farm-B had higher levels of Cd, Fe, Mn, Mo and Zn. No general correlation between metal levels was discernible in the prawn tissue. The data suggested complexities in uptake and retention of metals in tiger prawn. This animal seemed to resist the build-up of certain metals whereas it allowed the entry of others to the extent of exceeding the proportion that occurred in the environment. Some of the controlling factors include the nature of the metals, environmental factors, the body’s reaction, physiological tolerance, tissue thresholds and regulatory mechanisms.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11497559/Heavy_metal_concentrations_in_water_and_tiger_prawn_Penaeus_monodon_from_grow_out_farms_in_Sabah_North_Borneo","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T19:56:33.933-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014565,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014565/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Food_Chemistry_79_2002_151-156.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014565/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Heavy_metal_concentrations_in_water_and.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014565/Food_Chemistry_79_2002_151-156-libre.pdf?1426647194=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHeavy_metal_concentrations_in_water_and.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=F39fYhbPZ3L~2-eiFgY~aXGsCH7OQF7OeQ1whAvEj0BMDcB1pRSfbWyT~nWNtmQMcm6FhqcWFOIFhVdmve1KXtQnjKvTD-1XOdUbt0ILgyTNqLeXaIgD8GFXhpwOCE5jBnrdXJ1sLCbNOE2yIESiXYyzRLNplIpQuSffn81mBTuk3OEVGOjrgHPK2wJ0DrIp21wqd6g~l4EEDWdrIYQGt-2iazv2~PuOw6uieQM~881nv0FPYXwYhS0X61YAaQpC5mzf9m8GpaxM6ofNRkz~bnw2-71HYGz~cyNLo3xVKX4RpdcH9j~Bhewh1LBwB3cJWGsi1Db-xJTBtnjb5oaYsQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Heavy_metal_concentrations_in_water_and_tiger_prawn_Penaeus_monodon_from_grow_out_farms_in_Sabah_North_Borneo","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014565,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014565/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Food_Chemistry_79_2002_151-156.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014565/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Heavy_metal_concentrations_in_water_and.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014565/Food_Chemistry_79_2002_151-156-libre.pdf?1426647194=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHeavy_metal_concentrations_in_water_and.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=F39fYhbPZ3L~2-eiFgY~aXGsCH7OQF7OeQ1whAvEj0BMDcB1pRSfbWyT~nWNtmQMcm6FhqcWFOIFhVdmve1KXtQnjKvTD-1XOdUbt0ILgyTNqLeXaIgD8GFXhpwOCE5jBnrdXJ1sLCbNOE2yIESiXYyzRLNplIpQuSffn81mBTuk3OEVGOjrgHPK2wJ0DrIp21wqd6g~l4EEDWdrIYQGt-2iazv2~PuOw6uieQM~881nv0FPYXwYhS0X61YAaQpC5mzf9m8GpaxM6ofNRkz~bnw2-71HYGz~cyNLo3xVKX4RpdcH9j~Bhewh1LBwB3cJWGsi1Db-xJTBtnjb5oaYsQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":158,"name":"Marine Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Biology"},{"id":7274,"name":"Marine Aquaculture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Aquaculture"},{"id":23848,"name":"Aquaculture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aquaculture"},{"id":57697,"name":"Heavy metals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heavy_metals"},{"id":133733,"name":"Food and Seafood Safety","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_and_Seafood_Safety"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11497485"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497485/Distribution_of_heavy_metals_in_seawater_sea_sediments_and_sea_cucumber_Holothuria_scraba_and_its_implications_for_sea_ranching_in_Sabah_Malaysian_Borneo"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Distribution of heavy metals in seawater, sea sediments and sea cucumber (Holothuria scraba), and its implications for sea ranching in Sabah Malaysian Borneo." class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014518/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497485/Distribution_of_heavy_metals_in_seawater_sea_sediments_and_sea_cucumber_Holothuria_scraba_and_its_implications_for_sea_ranching_in_Sabah_Malaysian_Borneo">Distribution of heavy metals in seawater, sea sediments and sea cucumber (Holothuria scraba), and its implications for sea ranching in Sabah Malaysian Borneo.</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8a0dcd5210d3b7e6a6ebfa77e1f3bc15" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014518,"asset_id":11497485,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014518/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11497485"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11497485"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497485; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497485]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497485]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497485; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11497485']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11497485, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8a0dcd5210d3b7e6a6ebfa77e1f3bc15" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11497485]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11497485,"title":"Distribution of heavy metals in seawater, sea sediments and sea cucumber (Holothuria scraba), and its implications for sea ranching in Sabah Malaysian Borneo.","translated_title":"","metadata":{},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11497485/Distribution_of_heavy_metals_in_seawater_sea_sediments_and_sea_cucumber_Holothuria_scraba_and_its_implications_for_sea_ranching_in_Sabah_Malaysian_Borneo","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T19:48:57.205-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014518,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014518/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Sci_Int_2002_14_1_29-32_Heavy_metals_in_Sea_Cucumber_Seawater_and_Sediments_in_Sabah.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014518/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Distribution_of_heavy_metals_in_seawater.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014518/Sci_Int_2002_14_1_29-32_Heavy_metals_in_Sea_Cucumber_Seawater_and_Sediments_in_Sabah-libre.pdf?1426646856=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDistribution_of_heavy_metals_in_seawater.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=JGYpdf80Ul7UlC97pqq2xrrwEXe3NzEFMDwBPDa8F~0taptslIvIgPXJ5yyUr0OKnH4Ct77-dCNhqAna8AZyf1Hfzji3J~eM8WrVCZ9oWw5wW-QRAQJVmHtzPMw4dXp2m~csXA~zVzElKWJBrANpCv1TBnpxMubLmegV9lcsR6L2nH7In~-5MhnsOgVnZ3d1E7EiWPe3-x~yMmF1xI~puJ6IIEQeDEqb-YeF-od3pN5j1dRs8q2mcRwM6sxi5GFX-Af9U~btdc43usrBGR4yebkDvFX1VV2jBIk6fukUmRhPqR-YEqboaMxujA3oyUrxcdtWbydsy9NOOnMMh~SbIg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Distribution_of_heavy_metals_in_seawater_sea_sediments_and_sea_cucumber_Holothuria_scraba_and_its_implications_for_sea_ranching_in_Sabah_Malaysian_Borneo","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014518,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014518/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Sci_Int_2002_14_1_29-32_Heavy_metals_in_Sea_Cucumber_Seawater_and_Sediments_in_Sabah.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014518/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Distribution_of_heavy_metals_in_seawater.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014518/Sci_Int_2002_14_1_29-32_Heavy_metals_in_Sea_Cucumber_Seawater_and_Sediments_in_Sabah-libre.pdf?1426646856=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDistribution_of_heavy_metals_in_seawater.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=JGYpdf80Ul7UlC97pqq2xrrwEXe3NzEFMDwBPDa8F~0taptslIvIgPXJ5yyUr0OKnH4Ct77-dCNhqAna8AZyf1Hfzji3J~eM8WrVCZ9oWw5wW-QRAQJVmHtzPMw4dXp2m~csXA~zVzElKWJBrANpCv1TBnpxMubLmegV9lcsR6L2nH7In~-5MhnsOgVnZ3d1E7EiWPe3-x~yMmF1xI~puJ6IIEQeDEqb-YeF-od3pN5j1dRs8q2mcRwM6sxi5GFX-Af9U~btdc43usrBGR4yebkDvFX1VV2jBIk6fukUmRhPqR-YEqboaMxujA3oyUrxcdtWbydsy9NOOnMMh~SbIg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":57697,"name":"Heavy metals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heavy_metals"},{"id":158686,"name":"Seawater Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seawater_Chemistry"},{"id":443644,"name":"Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in living organisms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioaccumulation_of_heavy_metals_in_living_organisms"},{"id":488099,"name":"Sea Cucumber Fisheries and Aquaculture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sea_Cucumber_Fisheries_and_Aquaculture"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11497437"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497437/Effect_of_low_temperature_storage_on_protein_denaturation_in_beche_de_mer"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effect of low temperature storage on protein denaturation in beche-de-mer" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014413/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497437/Effect_of_low_temperature_storage_on_protein_denaturation_in_beche_de_mer">Effect of low temperature storage on protein denaturation in beche-de-mer</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Protein denaturation in beche -de- mer stored at low temperatures was studied. The selected tempe...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Protein denaturation in beche -de- mer stored at low temperatures was studied. The selected temperatures were 4 C, 0 C and – 10 C and durations of treatment were 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours. Decline in solubility of protein in 5% neutral salt (NaCl) solution was used as an index of denaturation. Protein denaturation increased with the duration of storage possibly due to uncoiling of polypeptides and cross linking among the adjacent chains of these complex molecules. Differences were noticed in the pattern of decline in the protein solubility at different temperatures. Of the various thermal regimes tested, chilling at –10 C appeared to be the most effective means of controlling protein denaturation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="4d18c7f0dbe335095dfa60d420f80a52" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014413,"asset_id":11497437,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014413/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11497437"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11497437"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497437; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497437]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497437]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497437; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11497437']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11497437, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "4d18c7f0dbe335095dfa60d420f80a52" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11497437]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11497437,"title":"Effect of low temperature storage on protein denaturation in beche-de-mer","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Protein denaturation in beche -de- mer stored at low temperatures was studied. The selected temperatures were 4 C, 0 C and – 10 C and durations of treatment were 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours. Decline in solubility of protein in 5% neutral salt (NaCl) solution was used as an index of denaturation. Protein denaturation increased with the duration of storage possibly due to uncoiling of polypeptides and cross linking among the adjacent chains of these complex molecules. Differences were noticed in the pattern of decline in the protein solubility at different temperatures. Of the various thermal regimes tested, chilling at –10 C appeared to be the most effective means of controlling protein denaturation."},"translated_abstract":"Protein denaturation in beche -de- mer stored at low temperatures was studied. The selected temperatures were 4 C, 0 C and – 10 C and durations of treatment were 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours. Decline in solubility of protein in 5% neutral salt (NaCl) solution was used as an index of denaturation. Protein denaturation increased with the duration of storage possibly due to uncoiling of polypeptides and cross linking among the adjacent chains of these complex molecules. Differences were noticed in the pattern of decline in the protein solubility at different temperatures. Of the various thermal regimes tested, chilling at –10 C appeared to be the most effective means of controlling protein denaturation.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11497437/Effect_of_low_temperature_storage_on_protein_denaturation_in_beche_de_mer","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T19:44:11.772-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014413,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014413/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Sci.Int.Lahore_132_145-147_2001.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014413/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_low_temperature_storage_on_pro.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014413/Sci.Int.Lahore_132_145-147_2001-libre.pdf?1426646152=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_low_temperature_storage_on_pro.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=Ht4RhavxYPNwYWKofr~IFSKzRO8apbeE~lvXwkQKSJqtYZJx910s2rt3wN8jRa0q-YAZ-pnTcdnPxpqz5MJo0pSjDg3qKiGRg-2wfyIMQ0Z03OZplT8cg8uNtkmODqJmqXWOz6JOz8c~l4GYFrcWaldhxly0QcbpkL0lMRxWE2R4kLDAn6tbVGTSzNiNprQHyLRzY3yUJCkJ4HJwfDvW9fwd~WivMdn0ph~ml-RnWWwxNlBf17PdbtW9gb5WJu4XdwSYnKLCeiglIvITo5SKmiv3i5OF9De8aFEI9Yu1C2iLTFYgjafonVX8lx3MA2bFUyjqCVZ5ojnKOMBvgRJx5g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Effect_of_low_temperature_storage_on_protein_denaturation_in_beche_de_mer","translated_slug":"","page_count":3,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014413,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014413/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Sci.Int.Lahore_132_145-147_2001.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014413/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_low_temperature_storage_on_pro.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014413/Sci.Int.Lahore_132_145-147_2001-libre.pdf?1426646152=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_low_temperature_storage_on_pro.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=Ht4RhavxYPNwYWKofr~IFSKzRO8apbeE~lvXwkQKSJqtYZJx910s2rt3wN8jRa0q-YAZ-pnTcdnPxpqz5MJo0pSjDg3qKiGRg-2wfyIMQ0Z03OZplT8cg8uNtkmODqJmqXWOz6JOz8c~l4GYFrcWaldhxly0QcbpkL0lMRxWE2R4kLDAn6tbVGTSzNiNprQHyLRzY3yUJCkJ4HJwfDvW9fwd~WivMdn0ph~ml-RnWWwxNlBf17PdbtW9gb5WJu4XdwSYnKLCeiglIvITo5SKmiv3i5OF9De8aFEI9Yu1C2iLTFYgjafonVX8lx3MA2bFUyjqCVZ5ojnKOMBvgRJx5g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3306,"name":"Protein Purification","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Purification"},{"id":19394,"name":"Seafood spoilage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seafood_spoilage"},{"id":126181,"name":"Fish products processing technology, Food and seafood safety","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fish_products_processing_technology_Food_and_seafood_safety"},{"id":1186541,"name":"Protein Denaturation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Denaturation"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11497348"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497348/Low_molecular_weight_compounds_produced_during_systemic_acquired_resistance_in_cucumber_against_Colletotrichum_lagenarium"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Low molecular weight compounds produced during systemic acquired resistance in cucumber against Colletotrichum lagenarium." class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014344/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497348/Low_molecular_weight_compounds_produced_during_systemic_acquired_resistance_in_cucumber_against_Colletotrichum_lagenarium">Low molecular weight compounds produced during systemic acquired resistance in cucumber against Colletotrichum lagenarium.</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="be34015d63abd2f54ca629e7d70ea8ae" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014344,"asset_id":11497348,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014344/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11497348"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11497348"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497348; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497348]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497348]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497348; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11497348']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11497348, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "be34015d63abd2f54ca629e7d70ea8ae" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11497348]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11497348,"title":"Low molecular weight compounds produced during systemic acquired resistance in cucumber against Colletotrichum lagenarium.","translated_title":"","metadata":{},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11497348/Low_molecular_weight_compounds_produced_during_systemic_acquired_resistance_in_cucumber_against_Colletotrichum_lagenarium","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T19:32:04.519-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014344,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014344/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Pak_Jour_Pl_Sci._4_2_63_71_1998.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014344/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Low_molecular_weight_compounds_produced.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014344/Pak_Jour_Pl_Sci._4_2_63_71_1998-libre.pdf?1426645659=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLow_molecular_weight_compounds_produced.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=DosVD0BgIa4MXBobe~HSHkCjrArYKGrYc4PMCOMGDsKKxWg53cO1xeXVloxQvYQTl9kacLtjq~b5JJnBunHYDEIiuGywUoJKXki0UvU1uNROZgH1aXreig8iCwiQKGBUZXhpPr2auBgfcFhQIq1dLvlIy5S3yeKprN0TwdfeJguu~fbqzZl7ZucWyHrVHG8P4QAtsX5IsuFabFWPVdSjq6C0tJcCKJop1bFjycMReztS7V3~8KvlsCG1jwknZzXY0j9QcPD6rKlRQWVI2BBJjsn81jdB1mgt02cDQAg0uHAqvEmP4bULFve64DyFcQzoy8kMs0JkOGgxb4TqANxwDw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Low_molecular_weight_compounds_produced_during_systemic_acquired_resistance_in_cucumber_against_Colletotrichum_lagenarium","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014344,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014344/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Pak_Jour_Pl_Sci._4_2_63_71_1998.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014344/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Low_molecular_weight_compounds_produced.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014344/Pak_Jour_Pl_Sci._4_2_63_71_1998-libre.pdf?1426645659=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLow_molecular_weight_compounds_produced.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=DosVD0BgIa4MXBobe~HSHkCjrArYKGrYc4PMCOMGDsKKxWg53cO1xeXVloxQvYQTl9kacLtjq~b5JJnBunHYDEIiuGywUoJKXki0UvU1uNROZgH1aXreig8iCwiQKGBUZXhpPr2auBgfcFhQIq1dLvlIy5S3yeKprN0TwdfeJguu~fbqzZl7ZucWyHrVHG8P4QAtsX5IsuFabFWPVdSjq6C0tJcCKJop1bFjycMReztS7V3~8KvlsCG1jwknZzXY0j9QcPD6rKlRQWVI2BBJjsn81jdB1mgt02cDQAg0uHAqvEmP4bULFve64DyFcQzoy8kMs0JkOGgxb4TqANxwDw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":168481,"name":"UV/Vis spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/UV_Vis_spectroscopy"},{"id":347949,"name":"Phenolic Compounds","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phenolic_Compounds"},{"id":888739,"name":"Quntitative Thin Layer Chromatography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quntitative_Thin_Layer_Chromatography"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11497302"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497302/Induction_of_systemic_acquired_resistance_by_oxalic_acid_in_chickpea_Cicer_arietinum_against_Ascochyta_rabiei"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Induction of systemic acquired resistance by oxalic acid in chickpea (Cicer arietinum) against Ascochyta rabiei." class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014319/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497302/Induction_of_systemic_acquired_resistance_by_oxalic_acid_in_chickpea_Cicer_arietinum_against_Ascochyta_rabiei">Induction of systemic acquired resistance by oxalic acid in chickpea (Cicer arietinum) against Ascochyta rabiei.</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="99be91dc615e25fc93988b49333a4d37" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014319,"asset_id":11497302,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014319/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11497302"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11497302"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497302; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497302]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497302]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497302; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11497302']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11497302, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "99be91dc615e25fc93988b49333a4d37" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11497302]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11497302,"title":"Induction of systemic acquired resistance by oxalic acid in chickpea (Cicer arietinum) against Ascochyta rabiei.","translated_title":"","metadata":{},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11497302/Induction_of_systemic_acquired_resistance_by_oxalic_acid_in_chickpea_Cicer_arietinum_against_Ascochyta_rabiei","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T19:23:02.528-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014319,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014319/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Pakistan_Journal_of_Phytopathology._9_1-_18-20_1997.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014319/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Induction_of_systemic_acquired_resistanc.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014319/Pakistan_Journal_of_Phytopathology._9_1-_18-20_1997-libre.pdf?1426645327=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DInduction_of_systemic_acquired_resistanc.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=DPVwIXlIn8zNPTsQXaONy9MNfzIsRcV4ybiyROUwRaTXlaU-Tmu~nFfegPOuZYMpiiL6vmSra4k3jPVI32aaDOZsJ2UXPbdAhRbcmMRd1IRZtGUllcGKmjldTDONa5MRiHX0u6HWC6tn0neNn~brWq5f8n~MzRMjB4LvfY2z5RKFn5FcEiPrrHny07aKWKQQe-xsQJ6GP03jkihyeZpIQtl7q82xlZZ-vfngoeL~oVHrQGK6QhkeYt~pzUHlMAwu1yJ4cosctV2Zs5L8T3U35LqXYQk-UvkOwdoR9t2pp2a4pB7dRoyjOzWAwJrKgDGbQGFMwVWOxlattBQY~nN-wQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Induction_of_systemic_acquired_resistance_by_oxalic_acid_in_chickpea_Cicer_arietinum_against_Ascochyta_rabiei","translated_slug":"","page_count":3,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014319,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014319/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Pakistan_Journal_of_Phytopathology._9_1-_18-20_1997.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014319/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Induction_of_systemic_acquired_resistanc.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014319/Pakistan_Journal_of_Phytopathology._9_1-_18-20_1997-libre.pdf?1426645327=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DInduction_of_systemic_acquired_resistanc.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=DPVwIXlIn8zNPTsQXaONy9MNfzIsRcV4ybiyROUwRaTXlaU-Tmu~nFfegPOuZYMpiiL6vmSra4k3jPVI32aaDOZsJ2UXPbdAhRbcmMRd1IRZtGUllcGKmjldTDONa5MRiHX0u6HWC6tn0neNn~brWq5f8n~MzRMjB4LvfY2z5RKFn5FcEiPrrHny07aKWKQQe-xsQJ6GP03jkihyeZpIQtl7q82xlZZ-vfngoeL~oVHrQGK6QhkeYt~pzUHlMAwu1yJ4cosctV2Zs5L8T3U35LqXYQk-UvkOwdoR9t2pp2a4pB7dRoyjOzWAwJrKgDGbQGFMwVWOxlattBQY~nN-wQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":100602,"name":"Host Plant Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Plant_Resistance"},{"id":202427,"name":"Chickpea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chickpea"},{"id":1740173,"name":"Ascochyta rabiei","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ascochyta_rabiei"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11497280"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497280/Systemic_acquired_resistance_induced_by_dipotassium_phosphate_and_EDTA_in_chickepa_Cicer_arientinum_against_Ascocyta_rabiei_and_the_effect_of_Calcium_II_ions"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Systemic acquired resistance induced by dipotassium phosphate and EDTA in chickepa (Cicer arientinum) against Ascocyta rabiei and the effect of Calcium (II) ions. " class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014291/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11497280/Systemic_acquired_resistance_induced_by_dipotassium_phosphate_and_EDTA_in_chickepa_Cicer_arientinum_against_Ascocyta_rabiei_and_the_effect_of_Calcium_II_ions">Systemic acquired resistance induced by dipotassium phosphate and EDTA in chickepa (Cicer arientinum) against Ascocyta rabiei and the effect of Calcium (II) ions. </a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b76b45b80a3cef529814d935bf3d2cc6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37014291,"asset_id":11497280,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014291/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11497280"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11497280"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497280; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497280]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11497280]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11497280; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11497280']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11497280, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b76b45b80a3cef529814d935bf3d2cc6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11497280]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11497280,"title":"Systemic acquired resistance induced by dipotassium phosphate and EDTA in chickepa (Cicer arientinum) against Ascocyta rabiei and the effect of Calcium (II) ions. ","translated_title":"","metadata":{},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11497280/Systemic_acquired_resistance_induced_by_dipotassium_phosphate_and_EDTA_in_chickepa_Cicer_arientinum_against_Ascocyta_rabiei_and_the_effect_of_Calcium_II_ions","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-17T19:18:48.485-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":false,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":18079929,"coauthors_can_edit":false,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37014291,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014291/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Sci._lnt___Lahore_7__3_405-406___1_995.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014291/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Systemic_acquired_resistance_induced_by.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014291/Sci._lnt___Lahore_7__3_405-406___1_995-libre.pdf?1426645112=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSystemic_acquired_resistance_induced_by.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=bv~XNO9sNx9LAhG8ihVUHtOvIPwKozrVTwEHCxeKESFeww6Im~qYPAcCLLMRqqTeCyOZs2SZyIWZ6M7xCVg4lZ-dbnYZZTTcDejT~YU57WPrUKkf5CGZgiQQ-Ikp80tHkOMrZPzdDmmt2Dv1Mm4re~u~-CoSY5J19y8~iQ-EYeqfU876Vc-szv5~lVq4-WdNxFZDDXA5jE-iNfgBOsdvLTlCuflDn0SHfaFg2IenCT4tMLPVsjW3J3NiXV-0c-GOOjwqzPs4H0-FdShzvPtLRnTjaNM2TEmqCpIr3a-S0x2lLv33BgDWiGpzv2dhxII2DG-yfC95b-mRAgsO~J4RvA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Systemic_acquired_resistance_induced_by_dipotassium_phosphate_and_EDTA_in_chickepa_Cicer_arientinum_against_Ascocyta_rabiei_and_the_effect_of_Calcium_II_ions","translated_slug":"","page_count":2,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":18079929,"first_name":"Muhammad Iqbal","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Hashmi","page_name":"MuhammadIqbalHashmi","domain_name":"ums","created_at":"2014-10-06T10:57:21.333-07:00","display_name":"Muhammad Iqbal Hashmi","url":"https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi"},"attachments":[{"id":37014291,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37014291/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Sci._lnt___Lahore_7__3_405-406___1_995.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37014291/download_file?st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcxMzQwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Systemic_acquired_resistance_induced_by.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37014291/Sci._lnt___Lahore_7__3_405-406___1_995-libre.pdf?1426645112=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSystemic_acquired_resistance_induced_by.pdf\u0026Expires=1732717006\u0026Signature=bv~XNO9sNx9LAhG8ihVUHtOvIPwKozrVTwEHCxeKESFeww6Im~qYPAcCLLMRqqTeCyOZs2SZyIWZ6M7xCVg4lZ-dbnYZZTTcDejT~YU57WPrUKkf5CGZgiQQ-Ikp80tHkOMrZPzdDmmt2Dv1Mm4re~u~-CoSY5J19y8~iQ-EYeqfU876Vc-szv5~lVq4-WdNxFZDDXA5jE-iNfgBOsdvLTlCuflDn0SHfaFg2IenCT4tMLPVsjW3J3NiXV-0c-GOOjwqzPs4H0-FdShzvPtLRnTjaNM2TEmqCpIr3a-S0x2lLv33BgDWiGpzv2dhxII2DG-yfC95b-mRAgsO~J4RvA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":63518,"name":"Plant microbe interactions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_microbe_interactions"},{"id":1326898,"name":"Host Plant Resistance In Chickpea Against Pest","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Host_Plant_Resistance_In_Chickpea_Against_Pest"},{"id":1740173,"name":"Ascochyta rabiei","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ascochyta_rabiei"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/google_contacts-0dfb882d836b94dbcb4a2d123d6933fc9533eda5be911641f20b4eb428429600.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $('.js-google-connect-button').click(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); GoogleContacts.authorize_and_show_contacts(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("WowProfileImportContactsPrompt"); }); $('.js-update-biography-button').click(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("UpdateUserBiographyPrompt"); $.ajax({ url: $r.api_v0_profiles_update_about_path({ subdomain_param: 'api', about: "", }), type: 'PUT', success: function(response) { location.reload(); } }); }); $('.js-work-creator-button').click(function (e) { e.preventDefault(); window.location = $r.upload_funnel_document_path({ source: encodeURIComponent(""), }); }); $('.js-video-upload-button').click(function (e) { e.preventDefault(); window.location = $r.upload_funnel_video_path({ source: encodeURIComponent(""), }); }); $('.js-do-this-later-button').click(function() { $(this).closest('.js-profile-nag-panel').remove(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("WowProfileImportContactsPrompt"); }); $('.js-update-biography-do-this-later-button').click(function(){ $(this).closest('.js-profile-nag-panel').remove(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("UpdateUserBiographyPrompt"); }); $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--close').click(function(){ $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--panel').hide(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("WowProfileMentionsUpsell"); }); $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--button').click(function(){ Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("WowProfileMentionsUpsell"); }); new WowProfile.SocialRedesignUserWorks({ initialWorksOffset: 20, allWorksOffset: 20, maxSections: 1 }) }); </script> </div></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile_edit-5ea339ee107c863779f560dd7275595239fed73f1a13d279d2b599a28c0ecd33.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/add_coauthor-22174b608f9cb871d03443cafa7feac496fb50d7df2d66a53f5ee3c04ba67f53.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/tab-dcac0130902f0cc2d8cb403714dd47454f11fc6fb0e99ae6a0827b06613abc20.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb window.ae = window.ae || {}; window.ae.WowProfile = window.ae.WowProfile || {}; if(Aedu.User.current && Aedu.User.current.id === $viewedUser.id) { window.ae.WowProfile.current_user_edit = {}; new WowProfileEdit.EditUploadView({ el: '.js-edit-upload-button-wrapper', model: window.$current_user, }); new AddCoauthor.AddCoauthorsController(); } var userInfoView = new WowProfile.SocialRedesignUserInfo({ recaptcha_key: "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB" }); WowProfile.router = new WowProfile.Router({ userInfoView: userInfoView }); Backbone.history.start({ pushState: true, root: "/" + $viewedUser.page_name }); new WowProfile.UserWorksNav() }); </script> </div> <div class="bootstrap login"><div class="modal fade login-modal" id="login-modal"><div class="login-modal-dialog modal-dialog"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header"><button class="close close" data-dismiss="modal" type="button"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button><h4 class="modal-title text-center"><strong>Log In</strong></h4></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><button class="btn btn-fb btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-facebook-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 19px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="facebook-square" class="svg-inline--fa fa-facebook-square fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Facebook</strong></small></button><br /><button class="btn btn-google btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-google-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 22px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="google-plus" class="svg-inline--fa fa-google-plus fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M256,8C119.1,8,8,119.1,8,256S119.1,504,256,504,504,392.9,504,256,392.9,8,256,8ZM185.3,380a124,124,0,0,1,0-248c31.3,0,60.1,11,83,32.3l-33.6,32.6c-13.2-12.9-31.3-19.1-49.4-19.1-42.9,0-77.2,35.5-77.2,78.1S142.3,334,185.3,334c32.6,0,64.9-19.1,70.1-53.3H185.3V238.1H302.2a109.2,109.2,0,0,1,1.9,20.7c0,70.8-47.5,121.2-118.8,121.2ZM415.5,273.8v35.5H380V273.8H344.5V238.3H380V202.8h35.5v35.5h35.2v35.5Z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Google</strong></small></button><br /><style type="text/css">.sign-in-with-apple-button { width: 100%; height: 52px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid black; cursor: pointer; }</style><script src="https://appleid.cdn-apple.com/appleauth/static/jsapi/appleid/1/en_US/appleid.auth.js" type="text/javascript"></script><div class="sign-in-with-apple-button" data-border="false" data-color="white" id="appleid-signin"><span   ="Sign Up with Apple" class="u-fs11"></span></div><script>AppleID.auth.init({ clientId: 'edu.academia.applesignon', scope: 'name email', redirectURI: 'https://www.academia.edu/sessions', state: "7c9278343ea82dc25f5d938846bf7f3e08ead285644b4a76f55617e3b624540b", });</script><script>// Hacky way of checking if on fast loswp if (window.loswp == null) { (function() { const Google = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Google; const Facebook = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Facebook; if (Google) { new Google({ el: '#login-google-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } if (Facebook) { new Facebook({ el: '#login-facebook-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } })(); }</script></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><div class="hr-heading login-hr-heading"><span class="hr-heading-text">or</span></div></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><form class="js-login-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/sessions" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" autocomplete="off" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="s17rNgYGaEi9UV7ZbX+bNqjds9O0ouyM6TQEDLSTZ/sIetF1yiO+ngBPyCgW+C0YKAd+PmQZE/QvIC0BWEZqmA==" autocomplete="off" /><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-email-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Email</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-email-input" name="login" type="email" /></div><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-password-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Password</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-password-input" name="password" type="password" /></div><input type="hidden" name="post_login_redirect_url" id="post_login_redirect_url" value="https://ums.academia.edu/MuhammadIqbalHashmi" autocomplete="off" /><div class="checkbox"><label><input type="checkbox" name="remember_me" id="remember_me" value="1" checked="checked" /><small style="font-size: 12px; margin-top: 2px; display: inline-block;">Remember me on this computer</small></label></div><br><input type="submit" name="commit" value="Log In" class="btn btn-primary btn-block btn-lg js-login-submit" data-disable-with="Log In" /></br></form><script>typeof window?.Aedu?.recaptchaManagedForm === 'function' && window.Aedu.recaptchaManagedForm( document.querySelector('.js-login-form'), document.querySelector('.js-login-submit') );</script><small style="font-size: 12px;"><br />or <a data-target="#login-modal-reset-password-container" data-toggle="collapse" href="javascript:void(0)">reset password</a></small><div class="collapse" id="login-modal-reset-password-container"><br /><div class="well margin-0x"><form class="js-password-reset-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/reset_password" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" autocomplete="off" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="weCkpCk4rMxyTpYQvWh18rvy59K2+bPkQ/03FE4QpBN6xJ7n5R16Gs9QAOHG78PcOygqP2ZCTJyF6R4ZosWpcA==" autocomplete="off" /><p>Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link.</p><div class="form-group"><input class="form-control" name="email" type="email" /></div><script src="https://recaptcha.net/recaptcha/api.js" async defer></script> <script> var invisibleRecaptchaSubmit = function () { var closestForm = function (ele) { var curEle = ele.parentNode; while (curEle.nodeName !== 'FORM' && curEle.nodeName !== 'BODY'){ curEle = curEle.parentNode; } return curEle.nodeName === 'FORM' ? curEle : null }; var eles = document.getElementsByClassName('g-recaptcha'); if (eles.length > 0) { var form = closestForm(eles[0]); if (form) { form.submit(); } } }; </script> <input type="submit" data-sitekey="6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj" data-callback="invisibleRecaptchaSubmit" class="g-recaptcha btn btn-primary btn-block" value="Email me a link" value=""/> </form></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/collapse-45805421cf446ca5adf7aaa1935b08a3a8d1d9a6cc5d91a62a2a3a00b20b3e6a.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $("#login-modal-reset-password-container").on("shown.bs.collapse", function() { $(this).find("input[type=email]").focus(); }); }); </script> </div></div></div><div class="modal-footer"><div class="text-center"><small style="font-size: 12px;">Need an account? <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Click here to sign up</a></small></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// If we are on subdomain or non-bootstrapped page, redirect to login page instead of showing modal (function(){ if (typeof $ === 'undefined') return; var host = window.location.hostname; if ((host === $domain || host === "www."+$domain) && (typeof $().modal === 'function')) { $("#nav_log_in").click(function(e) { // Don't follow the link and open the modal e.preventDefault(); $("#login-modal").on('shown.bs.modal', function() { $(this).find("#login-modal-email-input").focus() }).modal('show'); }); } })()</script> <div class="bootstrap" id="footer"><div class="footer-content clearfix text-center padding-top-7x" style="width:100%;"><ul class="footer-links-secondary footer-links-wide list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://medium.com/academia">Blog</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/topics">Topics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/journals">Academia.edu Journals</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><svg style="width: 13px; height: 13px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="briefcase" class="svg-inline--fa fa-briefcase fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M320 336c0 8.84-7.16 16-16 16h-96c-8.84 0-16-7.16-16-16v-48H0v144c0 25.6 22.4 48 48 48h416c25.6 0 48-22.4 48-48V288H320v48zm144-208h-80V80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48H176c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v48H48c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v80h512v-80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48zm-144 0H192V96h128v32z"></path></svg> <strong>We're Hiring!</strong></a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/"><svg style="width: 12px; height: 12px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="question-circle" class="svg-inline--fa fa-question-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z"></path></svg> <strong>Help Center</strong></a></li></ul><ul class="footer-links-tertiary list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li class="small">Find new research papers in:</li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences">Health Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Earth_Sciences">Earth Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="DesignSystem" id="credit" style="width:100%;"><ul class="u-pl0x footer-links-legal list-inline"><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li>Academia ©2024</li></ul></div><script> //<![CDATA[ window.detect_gmtoffset = true; window.Academia && window.Academia.set_gmtoffset && Academia.set_gmtoffset('/gmtoffset'); //]]> </script> <div id='overlay_background'></div> <div id='bootstrap-modal-container' class='bootstrap'></div> <div id='ds-modal-container' class='bootstrap DesignSystem'></div> <div id='full-screen-modal'></div> </div> </body> </html>