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class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" 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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Holy Fire</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 20 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">20 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%A9" title="النار المقدسة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="النار المقدسة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Жыватворны агонь – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Жыватворны агонь" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%8A%D0%BD" title="Благодатен огън – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Благодатен огън" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Llum" title="Santa Llum – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Santa Llum" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heiliges_Feuer_(Orthodoxie)" title="Heiliges Feuer (Orthodoxie) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Heiliges Feuer (Orthodoxie)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%86%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CE%A6%CF%89%CF%82" title="Άγιο Φως – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Άγιο Φως" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luz_Sagrada" title="Luz Sagrada – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Luz Sagrada" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_Santua" title="Su Santua – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Su Santua" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feu_sacr%C3%A9_(Saint-S%C3%A9pulcre)" title="Feu sacré (Saint-Sépulcre) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Feu sacré (Saint-Sépulcre)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Api_Suci" title="Api Suci – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Api Suci" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuoco_Santo" title="Fuoco Santo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fuoco Santo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%91%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8" title="שבת האור – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שבת האור" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AC%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%90_%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="წმინდა ცეცხლი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="წმინდა ცეცხლი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Fire" title="Holy Fire – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Holy Fire" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fogo_Sagrado" title="Fogo Sagrado – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fogo Sagrado" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumina_Sf%C3%A2nt%C4%83" title="Lumina Sfântă – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Lumina Sfântă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Благодатный огонь – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Благодатный огонь" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%9A" title="Благодатни огањ – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Благодатни огањ" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blagodatni_oganj" title="Blagodatni oganj – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Blagodatni oganj" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Благодатний вогонь – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Благодатний вогонь" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Eastern Orthodox symbol of Resurrection</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Holy_Fire_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Holy Fire (disambiguation)">Holy Fire (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Holy_Fire_in_Jerusalem_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Holy_Fire_in_Jerusalem_2022.jpg/220px-Holy_Fire_in_Jerusalem_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Holy_Fire_in_Jerusalem_2022.jpg/330px-Holy_Fire_in_Jerusalem_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Holy_Fire_in_Jerusalem_2022.jpg/440px-Holy_Fire_in_Jerusalem_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Lighting of the Holy Fire in 2022</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Holy Fire</b> (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Ἃγιον Φῶς</span>, "Holy Light") is a <a href="/wiki/Ceremony" title="Ceremony">ceremony</a> that occurs every year at the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre" title="Church of the Holy Sepulchre">Church of the Holy Sepulchre</a> in <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_in_Christianity" title="Jerusalem in Christianity">Jerusalem</a> on <a href="/wiki/Great_Saturday" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Saturday">Great Saturday</a>, the day before Orthodox <a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Easter</a>. During the ceremony, a prayer is performed after which a fire is lit inside the <i>aediculae</i> where some believe the Tomb of Jesus may have been located. According to the belief, the fire emerges miraculously and is lit by the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit_in_Christianity" title="Holy Spirit in Christianity">Holy Spirit</a>. </p><p>The ceremony of the Holy Fire is led by the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Patriarch_of_Jerusalem" title="Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem">Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem</a> and is usually attended by priests and believers of different Christian denominations. After the fire is lit, it is distributed to various national churches and transported to their seats (Athens, Belgrade, Moscow, Bucharest and others). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description_from_within_the_Orthodox_faith">Description from within the Orthodox faith</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holy_Fire&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description from within the Orthodox faith"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%87%CE%AE_%CE%A5%CE%A6%CE%A5%CE%A0%CE%95%CE%9E_%CE%9A._%CE%A4%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%A4%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%AE_%CE%91%CF%86%CE%AE%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%A6%CF%89%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%82_(8725769370).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Holy Fire arrives in Athens by plane, 2013." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%87%CE%AE_%CE%A5%CE%A6%CE%A5%CE%A0%CE%95%CE%9E_%CE%9A._%CE%A4%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%A4%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%AE_%CE%91%CF%86%CE%AE%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%A6%CF%89%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%82_%288725769370%29.jpg/220px-%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%87%CE%AE_%CE%A5%CE%A6%CE%A5%CE%A0%CE%95%CE%9E_%CE%9A._%CE%A4%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%A4%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%AE_%CE%91%CF%86%CE%AE%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%A6%CF%89%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%82_%288725769370%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%87%CE%AE_%CE%A5%CE%A6%CE%A5%CE%A0%CE%95%CE%9E_%CE%9A._%CE%A4%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%A4%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%AE_%CE%91%CF%86%CE%AE%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%A6%CF%89%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%82_%288725769370%29.jpg/330px-%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%87%CE%AE_%CE%A5%CE%A6%CE%A5%CE%A0%CE%95%CE%9E_%CE%9A._%CE%A4%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%A4%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%AE_%CE%91%CF%86%CE%AE%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%A6%CF%89%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%82_%288725769370%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%87%CE%AE_%CE%A5%CE%A6%CE%A5%CE%A0%CE%95%CE%9E_%CE%9A._%CE%A4%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%A4%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%AE_%CE%91%CF%86%CE%AE%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%A6%CF%89%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%82_%288725769370%29.jpg/440px-%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%87%CE%AE_%CE%A5%CE%A6%CE%A5%CE%A0%CE%95%CE%9E_%CE%9A._%CE%A4%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%A4%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%AE_%CE%91%CF%86%CE%AE%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%A6%CF%89%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%82_%288725769370%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2784" data-file-height="1856" /></a><figcaption>Holy Fire arrives in Athens by plane, 2013.</figcaption></figure> <p>Orthodox tradition holds that the Holy Fire happens annually on the day preceding Pascha (Orthodox Easter). In the past, blue light was said to emit within <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a>' tomb, rising from the marble slab covering the stone bed believed to be that upon which Jesus' body is to have been placed for burial. The marble slab is now in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in the <a href="/wiki/Old_City_of_Jerusalem" title="Old City of Jerusalem">Old City of Jerusalem</a>. Previously, the light was believed to form a column of fire, from which candles are lit. Today, a lighter or match is used to light the candles of the clergy and pilgrims in attendance.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fire is also said to spontaneously light other lamps and candles around the church.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pilgrims and clergy say that the Holy Fire does not burn them.<sup id="cite_ref-Hvidt_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hvidt-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Before the fire is lit, the Patriarch kneels inside the chapel in front of the stone, with crowds gathered outside. When the fire is lit, the Patriarch comes out of the church with two lit candles.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thousands of pilgrims as well as local Christians of all denominations gather in Jerusalem to partake and witness this annual event.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Holy Fire is taken to <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> by special flight,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and similarly to other <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Orthodox</a> countries or countries with major Orthodox churches, such as <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, being received by church and state leaders. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holy_Fire&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The historian <a href="/wiki/Eusebius" title="Eusebius">Eusebius</a> writes in his <i><a href="/wiki/Life_of_Constantine" title="Life of Constantine">Life of Constantine</a></i>, which dates from around 328 AD, about an interesting occurrence in <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> of Easter in the year 162. When the church wardens were about to fill the lamps to make them ready to celebrate the <a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">resurrection of Jesus</a>, they noticed that there was no more oil left to pour in the lamps. Upon this, Bishop <a href="/wiki/Narcissus_of_Jerusalem" title="Narcissus of Jerusalem">Narcissus of Jerusalem</a> ordered the lamps to be filled with water. He then told the wardens to ignite them, and every single lamp burned as if filled with pure oil.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Christian Orthodox tradition holds that this miracle, which predates the construction of the Holy Sepulchre in the 4th century, is related to the Miracle of the Holy Fire, though doctrine states differences between the two, as the former was a one-time occurrence while the Miracle of the Holy Fire occurs every year. However, they have in common the premise that God has produced fire where logically speaking there should have been none. </p><p>Around 385 AD, <a href="/wiki/Egeria_(pilgrim)" title="Egeria (pilgrim)">Egeria</a>, a noble woman from <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>, traveled to <a href="/wiki/Palestine_(region)" title="Palestine (region)">Palestine</a>. In the account of her journey, she speaks of a ceremony by the Holy Sepulchre of Christ, where a light comes forth (<i>ejicitur</i>) from the small chapel enclosing the tomb, by which the entire church is filled with an infinite light (<span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">lumen infinitum</i></span>).<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite these previous instances, the Holy Fire is believed to have been first recorded by the Christian pilgrim, <a href="/wiki/Bernard_the_Wise" class="mw-redirect" title="Bernard the Wise">Bernard the Wise</a> (Bernardus Monachus), in 867.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Crusader_period">Crusader period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holy_Fire&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Crusader period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Under <a href="/wiki/Baldwin_I_of_Jerusalem" title="Baldwin I of Jerusalem">Baldwin I</a>, Latin clergy had taken over the Holy Sepulchre, and according to <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Tyerman" title="Christopher Tyerman">Christopher Tyerman</a>, the Greek clergy were restored "after the fiasco of the failure of the regular Easter miracle of the Holy Fire under Latin auspices in 1101, the annual ritual on Easter eve when Holy Fire is supposed to descend from heaven to light the priests' candles in the edicule of the Holy Sepulchre. The newcomers evidently had not learnt the knack."<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nevertheless, other sources describe that the Holy Fire appeared in the holy grave on Sunday (Easter day), when the Latin archbishop <a href="/wiki/Daimbert_(archbishop_of_Sens)" title="Daimbert (archbishop of Sens)">Daimbert</a> was not in Holy Sepulchre and processing was carried over by Greeks and other Orthodox Christians. The holy grave was closed during this period by Daimbert. <sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ottoman_period">Ottoman period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holy_Fire&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Ottoman period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1834, in the presence of governor <a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_Pasha_of_Egypt" title="Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt">Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt</a>, the frantic pilgrims in the smoke-filled and overcrowded church created a stampede, aggravated by the guards of the pasha, who cut their way out through the masses. Four hundred lost their lives according to an eyewitness, according to the words of English Near East traveller, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Curzon,_14th_Baron_Zouche" title="Robert Curzon, 14th Baron Zouche">Robert Curzon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_period">Modern period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holy_Fire&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Modern period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The ceremony was marred in 2002 when a disagreement between the Greek Patriarch and the accompanying Armenian bishop over who should emerge first with the Holy Fire led to a struggle between the factions. In the course of the scuffle, the Greek Patriarch twice blew the Armenian's candle out, while the Greek Patriarch was despoiled of one of his shoes. In the end the Israeli Police entered the premises to restore order.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism_and_opposition">Criticism and opposition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holy_Fire&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Criticism and opposition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1009, <a href="/wiki/Fatimid" class="mw-redirect" title="Fatimid">Fatimid</a> <a href="/wiki/Caliph" class="mw-redirect" title="Caliph">caliph</a> <a href="/wiki/Al-Hakim_bi-Amr_Allah" title="Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah">Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah</a> ordered the <a href="/wiki/Destruction_of_the_Church_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre" title="Destruction of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre">destruction of the Holy Sepulchre</a> and its associated buildings, apparently outraged by what he regarded as the fraud practiced by the monks in the "miraculous" descent of the Holy Fire. The chronicler Yahia said that "only those things that were too difficult to demolish were spared." Processions were prohibited, and a few years later all of the convents and churches in Palestine were said to have been destroyed or confiscated.<sup id="cite_ref-Ousterhout_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ousterhout-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1238, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_IX" title="Pope Gregory IX">Pope Gregory IX</a> denounced the Holy Fire as a fraud and forbade Franciscans from participating in the ceremony.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similarly, many Christians have remained unconvinced by the occurrence.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Shihab_al-Din_al-Qarafi" title="Shihab al-Din al-Qarafi">Shihab al-Din al-Qarafi</a>, the 13th-century <a href="/wiki/Ayyubid" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayyubid">Ayyubid</a> ruler <a href="/wiki/Al-Muazzam_Turanshah" title="Al-Muazzam Turanshah">Al-Muazzam Turanshah</a> (r. 1249–1250) is mentioned as having discovered the fraudulence of the Holy Fire; however, he allowed the monks to continue their fraud in exchange for money.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Ottoman traveller, <a href="/wiki/Evliya_%C3%87elebi" title="Evliya Çelebi">Evliya Çelebi</a> (1611–1682), said that a hidden <a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">zinc</a> jar of <a href="/wiki/Naphtha" title="Naphtha">naphtha</a> was dripped down a chain by a hidden monk.<sup id="cite_ref-Jerusalem_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jerusalem-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Edward_Gibbon" title="Edward Gibbon">Edward Gibbon</a> (1737–1794), wrote scathingly about the alleged phenomenon in the concluding volume of <i><a href="/wiki/The_History_of_the_Decline_and_Fall_of_the_Roman_Empire" title="The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire">The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire</a></i>: </p> <blockquote> <p>This pious fraud, first devised in the ninth century, was devoutly cherished by the Latin crusaders, and is annually repeated by the clergy of the Greek, Armenian, and Coptic sects, who impose on the credulous spectators for their own benefit and that of their tyrants.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </blockquote> <p><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Tegg" title="Thomas Tegg">Thomas Tegg</a>, a 19th-century Englishman, included an account of the event in <i>The London Encyclopaedia</i>, published in 1828, speculating that the event is purely natural and motivated by pecuniary interest.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some Greeks have been critical of the Holy Fire, such as the scholar <a href="/wiki/Adamantios_Korais" title="Adamantios Korais">Adamantios Korais</a> (1748–1833), who condemned what he considered to be religious fraud in his treatise "On the Holy Light of Jerusalem." He referred to the event as "machinations of fraudulent priests" and to the "unholy" light of Jerusalem as "a profiteers' miracle". In 2005, in a live demonstration on Greek television,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="additional reference for the TV show is needed here, as the available videos do not provide any source info (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Michael Kalopoulos, author and historian of religion, dipped five candles in <a href="/wiki/White_phosphorus" title="White phosphorus">white phosphorus</a>. The candles spontaneously ignited after approximately 10 minutes due to the self-ignition properties of white phosphorus when in contact with air.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Kalopoulos' website: </p> <blockquote><p>If phosphorus is dissolved in an appropriate organic solvent, self-ignition is delayed until the solvent has almost completely evaporated. Repeated experiments showed that the ignition can be delayed for half an hour or more, depending on the density of the solution and the solvent employed.</p></blockquote> <p>Kalopoulos also says that chemical reactions of this nature were well known in ancient times, quoting Strabo, who states: "In Babylon there are two kinds of naphtha springs, a white and a black. The white naphtha is the one that ignites with fire." (<a href="/wiki/Geographica_(Strabo)" class="mw-redirect" title="Geographica (Strabo)">Strabon Geographica</a> 16.1.15.1-24) He further states that phosphorus was used by <a href="/wiki/Babylon" title="Babylon">Chaldean</a> magicians in the early fifth century BC, and by the ancient Greeks, in a way similar to its supposed use today by the Eastern Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Russian skeptic Igor Dobrokhotov<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> has analysed the evidence for an alleged miracle at length on his website, including the ancient sources<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and contemporary photos and videos.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dobrokhotov and other critics, including Russian Orthodox researcher Nikolay Uspensky,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Dr. Aleksandr Musin of Sorbonne, and some <a href="/wiki/Old_Believers" title="Old Believers">Old Believers</a> quote excerpts from the diaries of Bishop <a href="/wiki/Porphyrius_(Uspensky)" class="mw-redirect" title="Porphyrius (Uspensky)">Porphyrius (Uspensky)</a> (1804–1885),<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which told that the clergy in Jerusalem knew that the Holy Fire was fraudulent. </p><p>In his book, the journalist Dimitris Alikakos presents an interview with the <a href="/wiki/Skeuophylax" title="Skeuophylax">skeuophylax</a> Archbishop Isidoros of the Patriarchate of Jerusalem, in which the latter admits that the "Sleepless Candle", which he, himself, puts into the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre" title="Church of the Holy Sepulchre">Church of the Holy Sepulchre</a> during the morning of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Saturday" title="Holy Saturday">Holy Saturday</a>, is ignited by him with a lighter.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 75">: 75 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The former (1984–1988) skeuophylax Archbishop Nikiforos makes the same acknowledgement, except that he was using matches.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 89">: 89 </span></sup> In the same book, Archbishop Gerason Theofanis states that the Holy Fire does not light up in a miraculous, but in a natural way, and it is then blessed by the Patriarch. He adds: "we deceive the believers letting them believe that it is a miracle. This is unacceptable, and does not reflect well on us".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 86">: 86 </span></sup> According to Theofanis, the fraud of the "miracle" was invented by Catholic crusaders a few centuries ago, and was later continued by the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Church_of_Jerusalem" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Orthodox Church of Jerusalem">Greek Orthodox Patriarchate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the Metropolitan Bishop Kornilios of Petras, surrogate of the Jerusalem Patriarchate in 2001, confirmed an older interview, saying that he also had ignited the candles of the Holy Fire with a natural candle, and he described in full detail what he saw when he entered the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 101–106">: 101–106 </span></sup> Lastly, in his book, the journalist mentions the chronicle of the deletion of the word "miracle" from the official website of the Patriarchate on 23 June 2018, with the commandment of the <a href="/wiki/Patriarch_Theophilos_III_of_Jerusalem" title="Patriarch Theophilos III of Jerusalem">Patriarch Theofilos III</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 29–47">: 29–47 </span></sup> </p><p>One of the Armenian torchbearers, a task that is usually passed down from father to son (or other male member of a torchbearer's family), has admitted that his father revealed to him that the source of the fire was ancient and symbolic but not a miracle. He said: "The Greek priests bring in a lamp – one that has been kept burning for 1,500 years – to produce the Holy Fire. For pilgrims full of faith who come from abroad, it is a fire from Heaven, a true miracle. But not for us."<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Church of the Holy Sepulchre's Armenian Bishop, Samuel Agoyan, has participated in the Holy Fire ceremony alongside the Greek Patriarch on three occasions. In a news segment aired on Israeli Channel 12 on March 10, 2018, Agoyan shared that during his involvement, the Greek Patriarch ignited the fire with the assistance of a lamp.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holy_Fire&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paschal_cycle" title="Paschal cycle">Paschal cycle</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holy_Fire&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAlikakos2019" class="citation book cs1">Alikakos, Dimitris (2019). <i>Λύτρωση - Περί του Αγίου Φωτός</i>. Athens. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9786185076276" title="Special:BookSources/9786185076276"><bdi>9786185076276</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%CE%9B%CF%8D%CF%84%CF%81%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7+-+%CE%A0%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AF+%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85+%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85+%CE%A6%CF%89%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%82&rft.place=Athens&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=9786185076276&rft.aulast=Alikakos&rft.aufirst=Dimitris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHoly+Fire" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.holyfire.org/eng/index.htm">"Description of the Miracle of Holy Fire that happens every year in Jerusalem"</a>. holyfire.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Description+of+the+Miracle+of+Holy+Fire+that+happens+every+year+in+Jerusalem&rft.pub=holyfire.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.holyfire.org%2Feng%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHoly+Fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hvidt-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hvidt_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNiels_Christian_Hvidt1998" class="citation web cs1">Niels Christian Hvidt (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.orthodoxinfo.com/general/holyfire.aspx">"The Miracle of the Holy Fire in Jerusalem"</a>. Orthodox Christian Information Center.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Miracle+of+the+Holy+Fire+in+Jerusalem&rft.pub=Orthodox+Christian+Information+Center&rft.date=1998&rft.au=Niels+Christian+Hvidt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.orthodoxinfo.com%2Fgeneral%2Fholyfire.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHoly+Fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.holyfire.org/eng/video.htm">"Photos and videos of the Holy Fire miracle"</a>. holyfire.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Photos+and+videos+of+the+Holy+Fire+miracle&rft.pub=holyfire.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.holyfire.org%2Feng%2Fvideo.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHoly+Fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Light at the Holy Sepulchre, Great Miracle Given by God, Only to the Orthodox Church", <i>The Christian Life</i>. 1 January – 31 March 1999 (Vol. 42 / No. 1-3)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/christian-pilgrims-gather-in-jerusalem-for-holy-fire-ritual/">"Christian pilgrims gather in Jerusalem for 'holy fire' ritual"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_Israel" title="The Times of Israel">The Times of Israel</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Israel&rft.atitle=Christian+pilgrims+gather+in+Jerusalem+for+%27holy+fire%27+ritual&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fchristian-pilgrims-gather-in-jerusalem-for-holy-fire-ritual%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHoly+Fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170314223030/http://jerusalem.com/articles/chrisitanity/holy_fire_rite_brings_thousands_to_jerusalem-a2163">"Holy Fire Rite Brings Thousands to Jerusalem - Jerusalem Articles"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jerusalem.com/articles/chrisitanity/holy_fire_rite_brings_thousands_to_jerusalem-a2163">the original</a> on 14 March 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Holy+Fire+Rite+Brings+Thousands+to+Jerusalem+-+Jerusalem+Articles&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjerusalem.com%2Farticles%2Fchrisitanity%2Fholy_fire_rite_brings_thousands_to_jerusalem-a2163&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHoly+Fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Holy Fire Arrives in Athens From Jerusalem By Areti Kotseli on 14 April 2012 in News. Greek Reporter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://greece.greekreporter.com/2012/04/14/the-holy-fire-arrives-in-athens-directly-from-jerusalem/">http://greece.greekreporter.com/2012/04/14/the-holy-fire-arrives-in-athens-directly-from-jerusalem/</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Meinardus, Otto. The Ceremony of the Holy Fire in the Middle Ages and to-day. Bulletin de la Société d'Archéologie Copte, 16, 1961-2. Page 242-253</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuy_Le_Strange2010" class="citation book cs1">Guy Le Strange (2010). <i>Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 To 1500</i> (reprint ed.). Cosimo, Inc. p. 202. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781616405212" title="Special:BookSources/9781616405212"><bdi>9781616405212</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Palestine+Under+the+Moslems%3A+A+Description+of+Syria+and+the+Holy+Land+from+A.D.+650+To+1500&rft.pages=202&rft.edition=reprint&rft.pub=Cosimo%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9781616405212&rft.au=Guy+Le+Strange&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHoly+Fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHunt_Janin2002" class="citation book cs1">Hunt Janin (2002). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fourpathstojerus0000jani"><i>Four Paths to Jerusalem: Jewish, Christian, Muslim, and Secular Pilgrimages, 1000 BCE to 2001 CE</i></a></span> (illustrated ed.). McFarland. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fourpathstojerus0000jani/page/77">77</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780786412648" title="Special:BookSources/9780786412648"><bdi>9780786412648</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Four+Paths+to+Jerusalem%3A+Jewish%2C+Christian%2C+Muslim%2C+and+Secular+Pilgrimages%2C+1000+BCE+to+2001+CE&rft.pages=77&rft.edition=illustrated&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9780786412648&rft.au=Hunt+Janin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffourpathstojerus0000jani&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHoly+Fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristopher_Macevitt2009" class="citation book cs1">Christopher Macevitt (2009). <i>The Crusades and the Christian World of the East: Rough Tolerance</i> (illustrated ed.). University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 212. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780812220834" title="Special:BookSources/9780812220834"><bdi>9780812220834</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Crusades+and+the+Christian+World+of+the+East%3A+Rough+Tolerance&rft.pages=212&rft.edition=illustrated&rft.pub=University+of+Pennsylvania+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9780812220834&rft.au=Christopher+Macevitt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHoly+Fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTyerman2006" class="citation book cs1">Tyerman, Christopher (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ULDUopVCVPoC&q=Holy+Fire"><i>God's War: A New History of the Crusades</i></a>. Harvard University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780674023871" title="Special:BookSources/9780674023871"><bdi>9780674023871</bdi></a> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=God%27s+War%3A+A+New+History+of+the+Crusades&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780674023871&rft.aulast=Tyerman&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DULDUopVCVPoC%26q%3DHoly%2BFire&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHoly+Fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarcel_Picaud;_C_W_Wilson1888" class="citation book cs1">Marcel Picaud; C W Wilson (1888). <i>The pilgrimage of the Russian abbot <a href="/wiki/Daniel_the_Traveller" title="Daniel the Traveller">Daniel</a> in the Holy Land, 1106-1107 A.D</i>. London: [Palestine Pilgrims' Text Society].</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+pilgrimage+of+the+Russian+abbot+Daniel+in+the+Holy+Land%2C+1106-1107+A.D.&rft.pub=London%3A+%5BPalestine+Pilgrims%27+Text+Society%5D&rft.date=1888&rft.au=Marcel+Picaud%3B+C+W+Wilson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHoly+Fire" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Simon_Sebag_Montefiore" title="Simon Sebag Montefiore">Sebag Montefiore, Simon</a> (2011). <i>Jerusalem: The Biography</i>, chapter <i>The Albanian Conquest 1830–40: Ibrahim the Red</i>. Accessed 15 April 2023.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haaretz.com/2005-04-29/ty-article/igniting-holy-fires/0000017f-e7e6-df5f-a17f-fffe47e20000">Igniting Holy Fires</a>, David Rapp for <a href="/wiki/Haaretz" title="Haaretz">Haaretz</a>, 29 April 2005. Accessed 15 April 2023.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClark2003" class="citation web cs1">Clark, Victoria (25 April 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/israel/1428445/Holy-Fire-sets-Orthodox-rivalry-ablaze-in-Jerusalem.html">"Holy Fire sets Orthodox rivalry ablaze in Jerusalem"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 August</span> 2018</span> – via telegraph.co.uk.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Holy+Fire+sets+Orthodox+rivalry+ablaze+in+Jerusalem&rft.date=2003-04-25&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Victoria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2Fmiddleeast%2Fisrael%2F1428445%2FHoly-Fire-sets-Orthodox-rivalry-ablaze-in-Jerusalem.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHoly+Fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ousterhout-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ousterhout_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robert Ousterhout, "Rebuilding the Temple: Constantine Monomachus and the Holy Sepulchre" in <i>The Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians</i>, Vol. 48, No. 1 (March, 1989), pp. 66–78</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120214095212/http://www.thetablet.co.uk/article/3458">"Sparks from the Holy Fire"</a>. 3 May 2003. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thetablet.co.uk/article/3458">the original</a> on 14 February 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sparks+from+the+Holy+Fire&rft.date=2003-05-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetablet.co.uk%2Farticle%2F3458&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHoly+Fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHunt_Janin2002" class="citation book cs1">Hunt Janin (2002). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fourpathstojerus0000jani"><i>Four Paths to Jerusalem: Jewish, Christian, Muslim, and Secular Pilgrimages, 1000 BCE to 2001 CE</i></a></span> (illustrated ed.). McFarland. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fourpathstojerus0000jani/page/77">77</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780786412648" title="Special:BookSources/9780786412648"><bdi>9780786412648</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Four+Paths+to+Jerusalem%3A+Jewish%2C+Christian%2C+Muslim%2C+and+Secular+Pilgrimages%2C+1000+BCE+to+2001+CE&rft.pages=77&rft.edition=illustrated&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9780786412648&rft.au=Hunt+Janin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffourpathstojerus0000jani&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHoly+Fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDiego_R._Sarrió_Cucarella2015" class="citation book cs1">Diego R. Sarrió Cucarella (2015). <i>Muslim-Christian Polemics across the Mediterranean: The Splendid Replies of Shihāb al-Dīn al-Qarāfī, Parts 684-1285</i>. Brill. p. 61. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789004285606" title="Special:BookSources/9789004285606"><bdi>9789004285606</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muslim-Christian+Polemics+across+the+Mediterranean%3A+The+Splendid+Replies+of+Shih%C4%81b+al-D%C4%ABn+al-Qar%C4%81f%C4%AB%2C+Parts+684-1285&rft.pages=61&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9789004285606&rft.au=Diego+R.+Sarri%C3%B3+Cucarella&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHoly+Fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jerusalem-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jerusalem_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem:_The_Biography" title="Jerusalem: The Biography">Jerusalem: The Biography</a></i>, page 305, <a href="/wiki/Simon_Sebag_Montefiore" title="Simon Sebag Montefiore">Simon Sebag Montefiore</a>, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2011. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0297852650" title="Special:BookSources/978-0297852650">978-0297852650</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Gibbon" title="Edward Gibbon">Edward Gibbon</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_History_of_the_Decline_and_Fall_of_the_Roman_Empire" title="The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire">The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire</a></i>. Vol. VI. Chapter LVII. <a href="/wiki/Everyman%27s_Library" title="Everyman's Library">Everyman's Library</a>. p. 34.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Tegg" title="Thomas Tegg">Thomas Tegg</a> (1829). <i><a href="/wiki/London_Encyclopaedia_(1825)" class="mw-redirect" title="London Encyclopaedia (1825)">London Encyclopaedia</a></i> Volume 16, page 449, in the article on <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=J3JMAAAAMAAJ&dq=%22London+Encyclopaedia%22+%22holy+fire%22&pg=PA499">Palestine</a>. N. Hailes.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Archived at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211205/S66f87b05oM">Ghostarchive</a> and the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120414165642/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S66f87b05oM">Wayback Machine</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S66f87b05oM">"Μιχάλης Καλόπουλος πείραμα - Άγιο Φως"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=%CE%9C%CE%B9%CF%87%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%B7%CF%82+%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8C%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82+%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%AF%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%B1+-+%CE%86%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF+%CE%A6%CF%89%CF%82&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DS66f87b05oM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHoly+Fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100410130116/http://forum.stirpes.net/orthodox-church/3270-michael-kalopoulos-miracle-holy-light-jerusalem.html#post37609">"The "Holy" Light of Jerusalem"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forum.stirpes.net/orthodox-church/3270-michael-kalopoulos-miracle-holy-light-jerusalem.html#post37609">the original</a> on 10 April 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 January</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+%22Holy%22+Light+of+Jerusalem&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fforum.stirpes.net%2Forthodox-church%2F3270-michael-kalopoulos-miracle-holy-light-jerusalem.html%23post37609&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHoly+Fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://razumru.ru/humanism/journal/49/dobrokhotov.htm">"Igor Dobrokhotov"</a> (in Russian).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Igor+Dobrokhotov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frazumru.ru%2Fhumanism%2Fjournal%2F49%2Fdobrokhotov.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHoly+Fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://neholyfire.narod.ru/book/kr4.htm">"ИСТОРИЯ БЛАГОДАТНОГО ОГНЯ"</a> (in Russian).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%98%D0%A1%D0%A2%D0%9E%D0%A0%D0%98%D0%AF+%D0%91%D0%9B%D0%90%D0%93%D0%9E%D0%94%D0%90%D0%A2%D0%9D%D0%9E%D0%93%D0%9E+%D0%9E%D0%93%D0%9D%D0%AF&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fneholyfire.narod.ru%2Fbook%2Fkr4.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHoly+Fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://neholyfire.narod.ru/book/kr9.htm">"ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ ФОТОСВИДЕТЕЛЬСТВ"</a> (in Russian).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9E%D0%91%D0%A1%D0%A3%D0%96%D0%94%D0%95%D0%9D%D0%98%D0%95+%D0%A4%D0%9E%D0%A2%D0%9E%D0%A1%D0%92%D0%98%D0%94%D0%95%D0%A2%D0%95%D0%9B%D0%AC%D0%A1%D0%A2%D0%92&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fneholyfire.narod.ru%2Fbook%2Fkr9.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHoly+Fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://palomnic.org/sz_sr/personalii/porfiri_uspenski/">"Епископ Порфирий"</a> (in Russian).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%95%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF+%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpalomnic.org%2Fsz_sr%2Fpersonalii%2Fporfiri_uspenski%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHoly+Fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.antenna.gr/watch/1272797/ant1-news-20032019-stis-19-30">"ANT1 NEWS 20-03-2019 ΣΤΙΣ 19:30"</a>. <i>antenna.gr</i> (in Greek)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=antenna.gr&rft.atitle=ANT1+NEWS+20-03-2019+%CE%A3%CE%A4%CE%99%CE%A3+19%3A30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.antenna.gr%2Fwatch%2F1272797%2Fant1-news-20032019-stis-19-30&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHoly+Fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIefirmerida.ge2019" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Iefirmerida.ge, Newsroom (19 March 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iefimerida.gr/news/486287/salos-me-agio-fos-poio-thayma-anavo-me-anaptira-leei-skeyofylakas-toy-panagioy-tafoy">"Σάλος με το Αγιο Φως -"Ποιο θαύμα; Το ανάβω με αναπτήρα" λέει σκευοφύλακας του Πανάγιου Τάφου [βίντεο] | ΕΛΛΑΔΑ"</a>. <i>iefimerida.gr</i> (in Greek)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=iefimerida.gr&rft.atitle=%CE%A3%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82+%CE%BC%CE%B5+%CF%84%CE%BF+%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF+%CE%A6%CF%89%CF%82+-%22%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BF+%CE%B8%CE%B1%CF%8D%CE%BC%CE%B1%3B+%CE%A4%CE%BF+%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AC%CE%B2%CF%89+%CE%BC%CE%B5+%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%81%CE%B1%22+%CE%BB%CE%AD%CE%B5%CE%B9+%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%BF%CF%86%CF%8D%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%82+%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85+%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AC%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%85+%CE%A4%CE%AC%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%85+%5B%CE%B2%CE%AF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BF%5D+%7C+%CE%95%CE%9B%CE%9B%CE%91%CE%94%CE%91&rft.date=2019-03-19&rft.aulast=Iefirmerida.ge&rft.aufirst=Newsroom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iefimerida.gr%2Fnews%2F486287%2Fsalos-me-agio-fos-poio-thayma-anavo-me-anaptira-leei-skeyofylakas-toy-panagioy-tafoy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHoly+Fire" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|first=</code> has generic name (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enikos.gr/society/634592/o-archiepiskopos-gerason-theofanis-analyei-to-thavma-tou-kathagia">"Κύμα αντιδράσεων από τις μαρτυρίες για την Αφή του Αγίου Φωτός – Binteo"</a>. <i>enikos.gr</i> (in Greek). 20 March 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=enikos.gr&rft.atitle=%CE%9A%CF%8D%CE%BC%CE%B1+%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%B4%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%B5%CF%89%CE%BD+%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C+%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%82+%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%84%CF%85%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82+%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1+%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD+%CE%91%CF%86%CE%AE+%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85+%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85+%CE%A6%CF%89%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%82+%E2%80%93+Binteo&rft.date=2019-03-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.enikos.gr%2Fsociety%2F634592%2Fo-archiepiskopos-gerason-theofanis-analyei-to-thavma-tou-kathagia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHoly+Fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/israel/1311064/Mystery-of-Jerusalems-Holy-Fire-comes-to-light.html">"Mystery of Jerusalem's Holy Fire comes to light"</a>. <i>www.telegraph.co.uk</i>. 16 April 2001.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.telegraph.co.uk&rft.atitle=Mystery+of+Jerusalem%27s+Holy+Fire+comes+to+light&rft.date=2001-04-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2Fmiddleeast%2Fisrael%2F1311064%2FMystery-of-Jerusalems-Holy-Fire-comes-to-light.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHoly+Fire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mako.co.il/news-israel/local-q1_2018/Article-89380baf5ee0261004.htm">Source</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holy_Fire&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Holy_Fire" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Holy Fire">Holy Fire</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.holyfire.org/eng/">Holy Fire website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Qi6X5BXnds">Reuters report on the Holy Fire on Youtube</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oodegr.com/english/ekklisia/holylight.htm">"The Holy Light in Jerusalem: Testimonies and Evidence"</a> by the Orthodox Outlet for Dogmatic Enquiries</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.davidtlig.org.uk/miracle.html">"Miracle of the Holy Fire"</a> by Niels Christian Hvidt.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=9453870">"Orthodox Christians Celebrate Holy Fire Ritual"</a> from <a href="/wiki/National_Public_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="National Public Radio">National Public Radio</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thetablet.co.uk/article/3458">"Sparks from the Holy Fire"</a>, by Victoria Clark for <i>The Tablet</i>, 3 May 2003.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130726012508/http://www.scarlakidis.gr/ENGLISH/01.proti_selida-english.htm"><i>Holy Fire</i></a> book by Haris Skarlakidis.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jinCx29LWV4">The Holy Fire? (Miracle, Jerusalem, Hagion Phos) Jimmy Akin's Mysterious World</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lent" title="Lent">Lent</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d"><a href="/wiki/Pre-Lent" title="Pre-Lent">Pre-Lent</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Septuagesima" title="Septuagesima">Septuagesima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexagesima" title="Sexagesima">Sexagesima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quinquagesima" title="Quinquagesima">Quinquagesima</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d"><a href="/wiki/Carnival" title="Carnival">Carnival</a> (<a href="/wiki/Shrovetide" title="Shrovetide">Shrovetide</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fat_Thursday" title="Fat Thursday">Fat Thursday</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tsiknopempti" title="Tsiknopempti">Tsiknopempti</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrove_Monday" title="Shrove Monday">Shrove Monday</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rosenmontag" title="Rosenmontag">Rosenmontag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrove_Tuesday" title="Shrove Tuesday">Shrove Tuesday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mardi_Gras" title="Mardi Gras">Mardi Gras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Face_of_Jesus" title="Holy Face of Jesus">Holy Face of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fastelavn" title="Fastelavn">Fastelavn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maslenitsa" title="Maslenitsa">Maslenitsa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">Lent proper</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ash_Wednesday" title="Ash Wednesday">Ash Wednesday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lent" title="Great Lent">Great Lent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temptation_of_Christ" title="Temptation of Christ">Temptation of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Sunday_of_Lent" class="mw-redirect" title="First Sunday of Lent">First Sunday of Lent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ember_days" title="Ember days">Ember days</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laetare_Sunday" title="Laetare Sunday">Laetare Sunday</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mothering_Sunday" title="Mothering Sunday">Mothering Sunday</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d"><a href="/wiki/Passiontide" title="Passiontide">Passiontide</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Passion_Sunday" title="Passion Sunday">Passion Sunday</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lenten_veil" title="Lenten veil">Lenten veil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lenten_shrouds" title="Lenten shrouds">Lenten shrouds</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friday_of_Sorrows" title="Friday of Sorrows">Friday of Sorrows</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ave_Regina_caelorum" title="Ave Regina caelorum">Ave Regina caelorum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passion_(music)" title="Passion (music)">Passion (music)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Passion_hymns" title="List of Passion hymns">Passion hymns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stabat_Mater" title="Stabat Mater">Stabat Mater</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week" title="Holy Week">Holy Week</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d"><a href="/wiki/Palm_Sunday" title="Palm Sunday">Palm Sunday</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Triumphal_entry_into_Jerusalem" title="Triumphal entry into Jerusalem">Triumphal entry into Jerusalem</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">Ferias</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Monday" title="Holy Monday">Holy Monday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Tuesday" title="Holy Tuesday">Holy Tuesday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Wednesday" title="Holy Wednesday">Holy Wednesday</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d"><a href="/wiki/Paschal_Triduum" title="Paschal Triduum">Triduum</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tenebrae" title="Tenebrae">Tenebrae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d"><a href="/wiki/Maundy_Thursday" title="Maundy Thursday">Maundy Thursday</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chrism_Mass" title="Chrism Mass">Chrism Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Last_Supper" title="Last Supper">Last Supper</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crotalus_(instrument)" title="Crotalus (instrument)">Crotalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Last_Supper_in_Christian_art" title="Last Supper in Christian art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farewell_Discourse" title="Farewell Discourse">Farewell Discourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_of_the_Lord%27s_Supper" title="Mass of the Lord's Supper">Mass of the Lord's Supper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maundy_(foot_washing)" title="Maundy (foot washing)">Foot washing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stripping_of_the_Altar" title="Stripping of the Altar">Stripping of the Altar</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d"><a href="/wiki/Good_Friday" title="Good Friday">Good Friday</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Passion_of_Jesus" title="Passion of Jesus">Passion of Jesus</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Arma_Christi" title="Arma Christi">Arma Christi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stations_of_the_Cross" title="Stations of the Cross">Stations of the Cross</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">Crucifixion of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Descent_from_the_Cross" title="Descent from the Cross">Descent from the Cross</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lamentation_of_Christ" title="Lamentation of Christ">Lamentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epitaphios_(liturgical)" title="Epitaphios (liturgical)">Epitaphios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epitaphios_Thrinos" title="Epitaphios Thrinos">Encomia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piet%C3%A0" title="Pietà">Pietà</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burial_of_Jesus" title="Burial of Jesus">Burial of Jesus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Jesus" title="Tomb of Jesus">Tomb of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Sepulchre" title="Easter Sepulchre">Easter Sepulchre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_Friday_prayer" title="Good Friday prayer">Good Friday prayer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Good_Friday_prayer_for_the_Jews" title="Good Friday prayer for the Jews">for the Jews</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorzkie_%C5%BCale" title="Gorzkie żale">Gorzkie żale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d"><a href="/wiki/Holy_Saturday" title="Holy Saturday">Holy Saturday</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harrowing_of_Hell" title="Harrowing of Hell">Harrowing of Hell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Awi%C4%99conka" title="Święconka">Święconka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d"><a href="/wiki/Easter_Vigil" title="Easter Vigil">Easter Vigil</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paschal_candle" title="Paschal candle">Paschal candle</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Holy Fire</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lumen_Christi" title="Lumen Christi">Lumen Christi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Exsultet" title="Exsultet">Exsultet</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artos" title="Artos">Artos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rite_of_Christian_Initiation_of_Adults" class="mw-redirect" title="Rite of Christian Initiation of Adults">Rite of Christian Initiation of Adults</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">Traditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burning_of_Judas" title="Burning of Judas">Burning of Judas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week_procession" title="Holy Week procession">Processions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">By location</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Colombia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week_in_Popay%C3%A1n" title="Holy Week in Popayán">Popayán</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week_processions_in_Guatemala" title="Holy Week processions in Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li>Italy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week_in_Barcellona_Pozzo_di_Gotto" title="Holy Week in Barcellona Pozzo di Gotto">Barcellona Pozzo di Gotto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week_in_Ruvo_di_Puglia" title="Holy Week in Ruvo di Puglia">Ruvo di Puglia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week_in_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Week in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week_in_Mexico" title="Holy Week in Mexico">Mexico</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week_in_Taxco" title="Holy Week in Taxco">Taxco</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week_in_the_Philippines" title="Holy Week in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li>Portugal <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week_in_Braga" title="Holy Week in Braga">Braga</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week_in_Spain" title="Holy Week in Spain">Spain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week_in_Cuenca" title="Holy Week in Cuenca">Cuenca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week_in_M%C3%A1laga" title="Holy Week in Málaga">Málaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week_in_Salamanca" title="Holy Week in Salamanca">Salamanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week_in_San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="Holy Week in San Cristóbal de La Laguna">San Cristóbal de La Laguna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week_in_Santa_Cruz_de_La_Palma" title="Holy Week in Santa Cruz de La Palma">Santa Cruz de La Palma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week_in_Seville" title="Holy Week in Seville">Seville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week_in_Valladolid" title="Holy Week in Valladolid">Valladolid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week_in_Viveiro" title="Holy Week in Viveiro">Viveiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week_in_Zamora" title="Holy Week in Zamora">Zamora</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Easter</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Day83" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d"><a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Day</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection of Jesus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus_in_Christian_art" title="Resurrection of Jesus in Christian art">Art</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrrhbearers" title="Myrrhbearers">Myrrhbearers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_to_Emmaus" class="mw-redirect" title="Road to Emmaus">Road to Emmaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paschal_Homily" title="Paschal Homily">Paschal Homily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunrise_service" title="Sunrise service">Sunrise service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d"><a href="/wiki/Date_of_Easter" title="Date of Easter">Date</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dates_for_Easter" title="List of dates for Easter">List of dates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Date_of_Easter" title="Date of Easter">Calculation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d"><a href="/wiki/Eastertide" title="Eastertide">Season</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">Liturgical features</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alleluia" title="Alleluia">Alleluia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentecostarion" title="Pentecostarion">Pentecostarion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paschal_trikirion" title="Paschal trikirion">Trikirion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d"><a href="/wiki/Octave_of_Easter" title="Octave of Easter">Octave</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Bright_Week15" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d"><a href="/wiki/Bright_Week" title="Bright Week">Bright Week</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Easter Sunday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Monday" title="Easter Monday">Easter Monday</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Amigus-dyngus" title="Śmigus-dyngus">Śmigus-dyngus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_whip" title="Easter whip">Easter whip</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Tuesday" title="Easter Tuesday">Easter Tuesday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Wednesday" class="mw-redirect" title="Easter Wednesday">Wednesday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Thursday" class="mw-redirect" title="Easter Thursday">Thursday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Friday" title="Easter Friday">Friday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Saturday" title="Easter Saturday">Saturday</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Sunday_of_Easter" title="Second Sunday of Easter">Second Sunday of Easter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Doubting_Thomas" title="Doubting Thomas">Doubting Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Mercy_Sunday" title="Divine Mercy Sunday">Divine Mercy Sunday</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radonitsa" title="Radonitsa">Radonitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Sunday_of_Easter" title="Third Sunday of Easter">Third Sunday of Easter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Sunday_of_Easter" title="Fourth Sunday of Easter">Fourth Sunday of Easter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-Pentecost" title="Mid-Pentecost">Mid-Pentecost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Sunday_of_Easter" title="Fifth Sunday of Easter">Fifth Sunday of Easter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogation_days" title="Rogation days">Rogation days</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d"><a href="/wiki/Ascensiontide" class="mw-redirect" title="Ascensiontide">Ascensiontide</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ascension_of_Jesus" title="Ascension of Jesus">Ascension of Jesus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ascension_of_Jesus_in_Christian_art" title="Ascension of Jesus in Christian art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Ascension" title="Feast of the Ascension">Feast of the Ascension</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cenacle" title="Cenacle">Cenacle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novena" title="Novena">Novena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_the_Apostle" title="Matthias the Apostle">Matthias the Apostle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d"><a href="/wiki/Easter_traditions" title="Easter traditions">Traditions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Easter_basket" title="Easter basket">Basket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_bonnet" title="Easter bonnet">Bonnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Bunny" title="Easter Bunny">Bunny</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Bilby" title="Easter Bilby">Bilby</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_seals_(philately)" title="Easter seals (philately)">Easter seals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_food" title="Easter food">Food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paschal_greeting" title="Paschal greeting">Greeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_parade" title="Easter parade">Parade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pace_Egg_play" title="Pace Egg play">Pace Egg play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_postcard" title="Easter postcard">Postcard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rouketopolemos" title="Rouketopolemos">Rouketopolemos</a></li> <li>Saitopolemos</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scoppio_del_carro" title="Scoppio del carro">Scoppio del carro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d"><a href="/wiki/Easter_egg" title="Easter egg">Easter eggs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Egg_dance" title="Egg dance">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_decorating" title="Egg decorating">Decorating</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Egg_decorating_in_Slavic_culture" title="Egg decorating in Slavic culture">in Slavic culture</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_rolling" title="Egg rolling">Rolling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_hunt" title="Egg hunt">Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osterbrunnen" title="Osterbrunnen">Osterbrunnen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_tapping" title="Egg tapping">Tapping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_egg_tree" title="Easter egg tree">Tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_tossing" title="Egg tossing">Tossing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">By country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pisanica_(Croatian)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pisanica (Croatian)">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pisanka_(Polish)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pisanka (Polish)">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pysanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Pysanka">Ukraine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">By country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fasika" title="Fasika">Ethiopia and Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_in_Italy" title="Easter in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_in_Latvia" title="Easter in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_in_Poland" title="Easter in Poland">Poland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">Pre-Christian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%92ostre" title="Ēostre">Ēostre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Easter_Oratorio" title="Easter Oratorio">Easter Oratorio</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/I_Will_Mention_the_Loving-kindnesses" title="I Will Mention the Loving-kindnesses">I Will Mention the Loving-kindnesses</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Russian_Easter_Festival_Overture" title="Russian Easter Festival Overture">Russian Easter Festival Overture</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salzburg_Easter_Festival" title="Salzburg Easter Festival">Salzburg Easter Festival</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">Liturgical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Regina_caeli" title="Regina caeli">Regina caeli</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paschal_troparion" title="Paschal troparion">Troparion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victimae_paschali_laudes" title="Victimae paschali laudes">Victimae paschali laudes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">Cantatas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bleib_bei_uns,_denn_es_will_Abend_werden,_BWV_6" title="Bleib bei uns, denn es will Abend werden, BWV 6"><i>Bleib bei uns, denn es will Abend werden</i>, BWV 6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christ_lag_in_Todes_Banden,_BWV_4" title="Christ lag in Todes Banden, BWV 4"><i>Christ lag in Todes Banden</i>, BWV 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Der_Friede_sei_mit_dir,_BWV_158" title="Der Friede sei mit dir, BWV 158"><i>Der Friede sei mit dir</i>, BWV 158</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Der_Himmel_lacht!_Die_Erde_jubilieret,_BWV_31" title="Der Himmel lacht! Die Erde jubilieret, BWV 31"><i>Der Himmel lacht! Die Erde jubilieret</i>, BWV 31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ein_Herz,_das_seinen_Jesum_lebend_wei%C3%9F,_BWV_134" title="Ein Herz, das seinen Jesum lebend weiß, BWV 134"><i>Ein Herz, das seinen Jesum lebend weiß</i>, BWV 134</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erfreut_euch,_ihr_Herzen,_BWV_66" title="Erfreut euch, ihr Herzen, BWV 66"><i>Erfreut euch, ihr Herzen</i>, BWV 66</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ich_lebe,_mein_Herze,_zu_deinem_Erg%C3%B6tzen,_BWV_145" title="Ich lebe, mein Herze, zu deinem Ergötzen, BWV 145"><i>Ich lebe, mein Herze, zu deinem Ergötzen</i>, BWV 145</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Easter_hymns" title="List of Easter hymns">Hymns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christ_the_Lord_Is_Risen_Today" title="Christ the Lord Is Risen Today">Christ the Lord Is Risen Today</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_Christ_Is_Risen_Today" title="Jesus Christ Is Risen Today">Jesus Christ Is Risen Today</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O_filii_et_filiae" title="O filii et filiae">O filii et filiae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Strife_is_O%27er,_the_Battle_Done" title="The Strife is O'er, the Battle Done">The Strife is O'er, the Battle Done</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">Choral music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Surrexit_a_mortuis" title="Surrexit a mortuis">Surrexit a mortuis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d">Film and TV</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Easter_films" title="List of Easter films">Films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Easter_television_episodes" title="List of Easter television episodes">Television episodes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pentecost" title="Pentecost">Pentecost</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Season27" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d"><a href="/wiki/Pentecost_season" title="Pentecost season">Season</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Octave30" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffea7d"><a href="/wiki/Octave_of_Pentecost" class="mw-redirect" title="Octave of Pentecost">Octave</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pentecost" title="Pentecost">Pentecost Sunday</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Whitsun" title="Whitsun">Whitsun</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whit_Monday" title="Whit Monday">Whit Monday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whit_Tuesday" title="Whit Tuesday">Whit Tuesday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ember_days" title="Ember days">Ember days</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_Christ_the_Priest" title="Feast of Christ the Priest">Feast of Christ the Priest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_Sunday" title="Trinity Sunday">Trinity Sunday</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_Corpus_Christi" title="Feast of Corpus Christi">Feast of Corpus Christi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Sacred_Heart" title="Feast of the Sacred Heart">Feast of the Sacred Heart</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tourism_in_Jerusalem285" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tourism_in_Jerusalem" title="Template:Tourism in Jerusalem"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tourism_in_Jerusalem" title="Template talk:Tourism in Jerusalem"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tourism_in_Jerusalem" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tourism in Jerusalem"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tourism_in_Jerusalem285" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Tourism in Jerusalem</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armon_HaNatziv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armon HaNatziv (page does not exist)">Armon HaNatziv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chords_Bridge" title="Chords Bridge">Chords Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dome_of_the_Rock" title="Dome of the Rock">Dome of the Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gates_of_the_Old_City_of_Jerusalem" title="Gates of the Old City of Jerusalem">Gates of the Old City</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Damascus_Gate" title="Damascus Gate">Damascus Gate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dung_Gate" title="Dung Gate">Dung Gate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_(Jerusalem)" title="Golden Gate (Jerusalem)">Golden Gate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herod%27s_Gate" title="Herod's Gate">Herod's Gate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaffa_Gate" title="Jaffa Gate">Jaffa Gate</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Architects_Tombs_at_Jaffa_Gate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Architects Tombs at Jaffa Gate (page does not exist)">The Architects Tombs at Jaffa Gate</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lions%27_Gate" title="Lions' Gate">Lions' Gate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Gate" title="New Gate">New Gate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zion_Gate" title="Zion Gate">Zion Gate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knesset" title="Knesset">Knesset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montefiore_Windmill" title="Montefiore Windmill">Montefiore Windmill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Israel" title="National Library of Israel">National Library of Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem%E2%80%93Yitzhak_Navon_railway_station" title="Jerusalem–Yitzhak Navon railway station">Navon railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrine_of_the_Book" title="Shrine of the Book">Shrine of the Book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Israel" title="Supreme Court of Israel">Supreme Court of Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Mount" title="Temple Mount">Temple Mount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_of_David" title="Tower of David">Tower of David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walls_of_Jerusalem" title="Walls of Jerusalem">Walls of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Wall" title="Western Wall">Western Wall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mardigian_Museum_of_Armenian_Art_and_Culture" title="Mardigian Museum of Armenian Art and Culture">Armenian Art and Culture Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calouste_Gulbenkian_Library" title="Calouste Gulbenkian Library">Armenian Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bible_Lands_Museum" title="Bible Lands Museum">Bible Lands Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomfield_Science_Museum" title="Bloomfield Science Museum">Bloomfield Science Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnt_House" title="Burnt House">Burnt House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_the_Holocaust" title="Chamber of the Holocaust">Chamber of the Holocaust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_of_Zion_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Friends of Zion Museum">Friends of Zion Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heichal_Shlomo" title="Heichal Shlomo">Heichal Shlomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herodian_Quarter" title="Herodian Quarter">Herodian Quarter – Wohl Archaeological Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herzl_Museum" title="Herzl Museum">Herzl Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Museum,_Jerusalem" title="Islamic Museum, Jerusalem">Islamic Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Museum" title="Israel Museum">Israel Museum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shrine_of_the_Book" title="Shrine of the Book">Shrine of the Book</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menachem_Begin_Heritage_Center" title="Menachem Begin Heritage Center">Menachem Begin Heritage Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_for_Islamic_Art,_Jerusalem" title="Museum for Islamic Art, Jerusalem">Museum for Islamic Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Tolerance_Jerusalem" title="Museum of Tolerance Jerusalem">Museum of Tolerance Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Underground_Prisoners" title="Museum of Underground Prisoners">Museum of Underground Prisoners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_on_the_Seam" title="Museum on the Seam">Museum on the Seam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Africa_Jewish_Heritage_Center" title="North Africa Jewish Heritage Center">North Africa Jewish Heritage Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Yishuv_Courtyard" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Yishuv Courtyard">Old Yishuv Courtyard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paulus-Haus" title="Paulus-Haus">Paulus-Haus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Archeological_Museum" title="Rockefeller Archeological Museum">Rockefeller Archeological Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Compound" title="Russian Compound">Russian Compound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schottenstein_campus" class="mw-redirect" title="Schottenstein campus">Schottenstein campus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siebenberg_House" title="Siebenberg House">Siebenberg House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stern_House" title="Stern House">Stern House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Institute" title="Temple Institute">Temple Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terra_Sancta_Museum" title="Terra Sancta Museum">Terra Sancta Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ticho_House" title="Ticho House">Ticho House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_of_David" title="Tower of David">Tower of David</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=U._Nahon_Museum_of_Italian_Jewish_Art&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="U. Nahon Museum of Italian Jewish Art (page does not exist)">U. Nahon Museum of Italian Jewish Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yad_Levi_Eshkol" title="Yad Levi Eshkol">Yad Levi Eshkol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yad_Vashem" title="Yad Vashem">Yad Vashem</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Judaism</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ades_Synagogue" title="Ades Synagogue">Ades Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Yishuv_Courtyard#Ari_Synagogue" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Yishuv Courtyard">Ari Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beit_El_Kabbalist_yeshiva" title="Beit El Kabbalist yeshiva">Beit El Kabbalist yeshiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belz_Great_Synagogue" title="Belz Great Synagogue">Belz Great Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Sephardic_Synagogues" title="Four Sephardic Synagogues">Four Sephardic Synagogues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Synagogue_(Jerusalem)" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Synagogue (Jerusalem)">Great Synagogue of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecht_Synagogue" title="Hecht Synagogue">Hecht Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heichal_Shlomo" title="Heichal Shlomo">Heichal Shlomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurva_Synagogue" title="Hurva Synagogue">Hurva Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohel_Yitzchak_Synagogue" title="Ohel Yitzchak Synagogue">Ohel Yitzchak Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohr_ha-Chaim_Synagogue" title="Ohr ha-Chaim Synagogue">Ohr ha-Chaim Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Motza_Synagogue" title="Old Motza Synagogue">Old Motza Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Or_Zaruaa_Synagogue" title="Or Zaruaa Synagogue">Or Zaruaa Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabbi_Dr._I._Goldstein_Synagogue" title="Rabbi Dr. I. Goldstein Synagogue">Rabbi Dr. I. Goldstein Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramban_Synagogue" title="Ramban Synagogue">Ramban Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Mount" title="Temple Mount">Temple Mount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiferet_Yisrael_Synagogue" title="Tiferet Yisrael Synagogue">Tiferet Yisrael Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzuf_Dvash_Synagogue" title="Tzuf Dvash Synagogue">Tzuf Dvash Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Wall" title="Western Wall">Western Wall‎</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Wall_Plaza" title="Western Wall Plaza">Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson%27s_Arch_(Jerusalem)" title="Wilson's Arch (Jerusalem)">Wilson's Arch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoharei_Chama_Synagogue" title="Zoharei Chama Synagogue">Zoharei Chama Synagogue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Christianity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chapel_of_Simon_of_Cyrene" title="Chapel of Simon of Cyrene">Chapel of Simon of Cyrene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_Our_Lady_of_the_Annunciation,_Jerusalem" title="Cathedral of Our Lady of the Annunciation, Jerusalem">Cathedral of the Annunciation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Flagellation" title="Church of the Flagellation">Church of the Flagellation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre" title="Church of the Holy Sepulchre">Church of the Holy Sepulchre</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deir_es-Sultan" title="Deir es-Sultan">Deir es-Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapel_of_Saint_Helena,_Jerusalem" title="Chapel of Saint Helena, Jerusalem">Chapel of Saint Helena</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Saint_Anne,_Jerusalem" title="Church of Saint Anne, Jerusalem">Church of Saint Anne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Holy_Family,_Jerusalem" title="Church of the Holy Family, Jerusalem">Church of the Holy Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Co-Cathedral_of_the_Most_Holy_Name_of_Jesus" title="Co-Cathedral of the Most Holy Name of Jesus">Co-Cathedral of the Most Holy Name of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Garden_Tomb" title="The Garden Tomb">Garden Tomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gethsemane" title="Gethsemane">Gethsemane</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_All_Nations" title="Church of All Nations">Church of All Nations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastery_of_Saint_Saviour" title="Monastery of Saint Saviour">Monastery of Saint Saviour</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_Saint_James,_Jerusalem" title="Cathedral of Saint James, Jerusalem">Cathedral of Saint James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Saint_Toros" title="Church of Saint Toros">Church of Saint Toros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Holy_Archangels,_Jerusalem" title="Church of the Holy Archangels, Jerusalem">Church of the Holy Archangels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Monastery_of_Saint_Saviour_(Jerusalem)" title="Armenian Monastery of Saint Saviour (Jerusalem)">Armenian Monastery of Saint Saviour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastery_of_Saint_Mark" title="Monastery of Saint Mark">Monastery of Saint Mark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christ_Church,_Jerusalem" title="Christ Church, Jerusalem">Christ Church</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Via_Dolorosa" title="Via Dolorosa">Via Dolorosa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Islam</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Aqsa_Mosque" title="Al-Aqsa Mosque">Al-Aqsa Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Khanqah_al-Salahiyya_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Khanqah al-Salahiyya Mosque">Al-Khanqah al-Salahiyya Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrasa_Al-Ashrafiyya" class="mw-redirect" title="Madrasa Al-Ashrafiyya">Madrasa Al-Ashrafiyya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marwani_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Marwani Mosque">Marwani Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Omar_(Jerusalem)" title="Mosque of Omar (Jerusalem)">Mosque of Omar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Archaeological sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broad_Wall_(Jerusalem)" title="Broad Wall (Jerusalem)">Broad Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Nicanor" title="Cave of Nicanor">Cave of Nicanor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_the_Minor_Sanhedrin" title="Cave of the Minor Sanhedrin">Cave of the Minor Sanhedrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_the_Ramban" title="Cave of the Ramban">Cave of the Ramban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_David_(archaeological_site)" title="City of David (archaeological site)">City of David</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siloam_tunnel" title="Siloam tunnel">Siloam tunnel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ein_Lavan" title="Ein Lavan">Ein Lavan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israelite_Tower" title="Israelite Tower">Israelite Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason%27s_Tomb" title="Jason's Tomb">Jason's Tomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Archaeological_Park" title="Jerusalem Archaeological Park">Jerusalem Archaeological Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Walls_National_Park" title="Jerusalem Walls National Park">Jerusalem Walls National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketef_Hinnom" title="Ketef Hinnom">Ketef Hinnom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamilla_Pool" title="Mamilla Pool">Mamilla Pool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Seat_of_Mary" title="Church of the Seat of Mary">Old Kathisma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Cardo_(Jerusalem)" title="The Cardo (Jerusalem)">The Cardo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Absalom" title="Tomb of Absalom">Tomb of Absalom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Benei_Hezir" title="Tomb of Benei Hezir">Tomb of Benei Hezir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tombs_of_the_Kings_(Jerusalem)" title="Tombs of the Kings (Jerusalem)">Tombs of the Kings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_the_Prophets" title="Tomb of the Prophets">Tomb of the Prophets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tombs_of_the_Sanhedrin" title="Tombs of the Sanhedrin">Tombs of the Sanhedrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Zechariah" title="Tomb of Zechariah">Tomb of Zechariah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_of_David_(northeast_tower)" title="Tower of David (northeast tower)">Tower of David (northeast tower)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Wall_Tunnel" title="Western Wall Tunnel">Western Wall Tunnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zedekiah%27s_Cave" title="Zedekiah's Cave">Zedekiah's Cave</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gates, streets, squares, areas of interest</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bukharan_Quarter" title="Bukharan Quarter">Bukharan Quarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hutzot_HaYotzer" title="Hutzot HaYotzer">Artists' Colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ein_Kerem" class="mw-redirect" title="Ein Kerem">Ein Kerem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopia_Street" title="Ethiopia Street">Ethiopia Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaffa_Road" title="Jaffa Road">Jaffa Road</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Davidka_Square" title="Davidka Square">Davidka Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zion_Square" title="Zion Square">Zion Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzahal_Square" class="mw-redirect" title="Tzahal Square">Tzahal Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safra_Square" title="Safra Square">Safra Square</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_City_of_Jerusalem" title="Old City of Jerusalem">Old City of Jerusalem</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Quarter_(Jerusalem)" title="Jewish Quarter (Jerusalem)">Jewish Quarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Quarter" title="Christian Quarter">Christian Quarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Quarter_(Jerusalem)" class="mw-redirect" title="Armenian Quarter (Jerusalem)">Armenian Quarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_Quarter_(Jerusalem)" title="Muslim Quarter (Jerusalem)">Muslim Quarter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muristan" title="Muristan">Muristan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahalat_Shiv%27a" title="Nahalat Shiv'a">Nahalat Shiv'a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Square_(Jerusalem)" title="Paris Square (Jerusalem)">Paris Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemin_Moshe" title="Yemin Moshe">Yemin Moshe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zion_Square" title="Zion Square">Zion Square</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parks and gardens</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bible_Hill,_Jerusalem" title="Bible Hill, Jerusalem">Bible Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garden_of_the_Righteous_Among_the_Nations" title="Garden of the Righteous Among the Nations">Garden of the Righteous Among the Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gazelle_Valley" title="Gazelle Valley">Gazelle Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Park_(Jerusalem)" title="Independence Park (Jerusalem)">Independence Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Biblical_Zoo" title="Jerusalem Biblical Zoo">Jerusalem Biblical Zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Bird_Observatory" title="Jerusalem Bird Observatory">Jerusalem Bird Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Botanical_Gardens" title="Jerusalem Botanical Gardens">Jerusalem Botanical Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Trail" title="Jerusalem Trail">Jerusalem Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Bell_Park" title="Liberty Bell Park">Liberty Bell Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Metropolitan_Park" title="Jerusalem Metropolitan Park">Jerusalem Metropolitan Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orson_Hyde_Memorial_Garden" title="Orson Hyde Memorial Garden">Orson Hyde Memorial Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacher_Park" title="Sacher Park">Sacher Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Nature_Park_%26_Galleries,_Hebrew_University_of_Jerusalem" title="The Nature Park & Galleries, Hebrew University of Jerusalem">The Nature Park & Galleries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teddy_Park_(Jerusalem)" title="Teddy Park (Jerusalem)">Teddy Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Train_Track_Park" title="Train Track Park">Train Track Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wohl_Rose_Park" title="Wohl Rose Park">Wohl Rose Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yad_Kennedy" title="Yad Kennedy">Yad Kennedy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sport venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Givat_Ram_Stadium" title="Givat Ram Stadium">Givat Ram Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Sports_Quarter" title="Jerusalem Sports Quarter">Jerusalem Sports Quarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malha_Arena" title="Malha Arena">Malha Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pais_Arena" title="Pais Arena">Pais Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teddy_Stadium" title="Teddy Stadium">Teddy Stadium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hotels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Colony_Hotel" title="American Colony Hotel">American Colony Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Pilgrim_Hospice_to_the_Holy_Family" title="Austrian Pilgrim Hospice to the Holy Family">Austrian Pilgrim Hospice to the Holy Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Citadel_Hotel" title="David Citadel Hotel">David Citadel Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Heritage_House" title="The Heritage House">The Heritage House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inbal_Jerusalem_Hotel" title="Inbal Jerusalem Hotel">Inbal Jerusalem Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Gate_Hotel" title="Jerusalem Gate Hotel">Jerusalem Gate Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_David_Hotel" title="King David Hotel">King David Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonardo_Plaza_Hotel_Jerusalem" title="Leonardo Plaza Hotel Jerusalem">Leonardo Plaza Hotel Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_of_Olives_Hotel" title="Mount of Olives Hotel">Mount of Olives Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Arches_Hotel" title="Seven Arches Hotel">Seven Arches Hotel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cemeteries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Har_HaMenuchot" title="Har HaMenuchot">Har HaMenuchot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamilla_Cemetery" title="Mamilla Cemetery">Mamilla Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_of_Olives_Jewish_Cemetery" title="Mount of Olives Jewish Cemetery">Mount of Olives Jewish Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Herzl" title="Mount Herzl">Mount Herzl</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garden_of_the_Missing_in_Action" title="Garden of the Missing in Action">Garden of the Missing in Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victims_of_Acts_of_Terror_Memorial" title="Victims of Acts of Terror Memorial">Victims of Acts of Terror Memorial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanhedria_Cemetery" title="Sanhedria Cemetery">Sanhedria Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaare_Zedek_Cemetery,_Jerusalem" title="Shaare Zedek Cemetery, Jerusalem">Shaare Zedek Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Badr_Cemetery" title="Sheikh Badr Cemetery">Sheikh Badr Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabachnik_Garden" title="Tabachnik Garden">Tabachnik Garden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Entertainment and performance arts centers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gerard_Behar_Center" title="Gerard Behar Center">Gerard Behar Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Convention_Center_(Jerusalem)" title="International Convention Center (Jerusalem)">International Convention Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Cinematheque" title="Jerusalem Cinematheque">Jerusalem Cinematheque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Theatre" title="Jerusalem Theatre">Jerusalem Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Khan_Theatre" title="Jerusalem Khan Theatre">Khan Theatre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Markets and shopping centers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Yehuda_Street_(Jerusalem)" title="Ben Yehuda Street (Jerusalem)">Ben Yehuda Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahane_Yehuda_Market" title="Mahane Yehuda Market">Mahane Yehuda Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malha_Mall" title="Malha Mall">Malha Mall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamilla_Mall" title="Mamilla Mall">Mamilla Mall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Souk_(Old_City)" title="Arab Souk (Old City)">Suq el-Bazaar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Jerusalem_Biennale_(2013)" title="1st Jerusalem Biennale (2013)">1st Jerusalem Biennale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Day_of_Prayer_for_the_Peace_of_Jerusalem" title="Day of Prayer for the Peace of Jerusalem">Day of Prayer for the Peace of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Holy Fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Festival" title="Israel Festival">Israel Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Day" title="Jerusalem Day">Jerusalem Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Festival_of_Light" title="Jerusalem Festival of Light">Jerusalem Festival of Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Film_Festival" title="Jerusalem Film Festival">Jerusalem Film Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Jerusalem#Events_and_festivals" title="Cuisine of Jerusalem">Jerusalem Food Truck Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Mount_Sifting_Project" title="Temple Mount Sifting Project">Temple Mount Sifting Project</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture and <a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Jerusalem" title="Cuisine of Jerusalem">cuisine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_ceramics_in_Jerusalem" title="Armenian ceramics in Jerusalem">Armenian ceramics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Placing_notes_in_the_Western_Wall" title="Placing notes in the Western Wall">Placing notes in the Western Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_bagel" title="Jerusalem bagel">Jerusalem bagel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_mixed_grill" title="Jerusalem mixed grill">Jerusalem mixed grill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kubbeh" title="Kubbeh">Kubbeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kugel_Yerushalmi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kugel Yerushalmi">Kugel Yerushalmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macaroni_Hamin" title="Macaroni Hamin">Macaroni Hamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orez_Shu%27it" title="Orez Shu'it">Orez Shu'it</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofrito_(stew)" title="Sofrito (stew)">Sofrito</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_syndrome" title="Jerusalem syndrome">Jerusalem syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Jerusalem" title="Cuisine of Jerusalem">Cuisine of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Israel" title="Tourism in Israel">Tourism in Israel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Holy_Fire&oldid=1252785707">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Holy_Fire&oldid=1252785707</a>"</div></div> <div 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