CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>The Great Ziegfeld - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"24d9f43d-5f25-40fd-829c-585627d28a48","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"The_Great_Ziegfeld","wgTitle":"The Great Ziegfeld","wgCurRevisionId":1254996251,"wgRevisionId":1254996251,"wgArticleId":44437,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Good articles","Use American English from July 2022","All Wikipedia articles written in American English","Use mdy dates from October 2015","Template film date with 2 release dates","All Wikipedia articles needing clarification","Wikipedia articles needing clarification from August 2023","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from August 2021", "Articles with unsourced statements from October 2016","Commons category link is on Wikidata","Rotten Tomatoes ID same as Wikidata","Rotten Tomatoes template using name parameter","1936 films","1930s biographical drama films","1930s musical drama films","American biographical drama films","American black-and-white films","American musical drama films","Best Picture Academy Award winners","Biographical films about entertainers","Films about musical theatre","Films directed by Robert Z. Leonard","Films featuring a Best Actress Academy Award–winning performance","Films set in Chicago","Films set in New York City","Films set in San Francisco","Films set in the San Francisco Bay Area","Films set in the 1890s","Films set in the 1910s","Films set in the 1920s","Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer films","Musical films based on actual events","Ziegfeld Follies","Films scored by Arthur Lange","1936 drama films","1930s English-language films","1930s American films","English-language biographical drama films", "English-language musical drama films"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"The_Great_Ziegfeld","wgRelevantArticleId":44437,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":60000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true, "wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q470218","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements", "mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Great-Ziegfeld-1936-Poster.jpg/1200px-Great-Ziegfeld-1936-Poster.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1778"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Great-Ziegfeld-1936-Poster.jpg/800px-Great-Ziegfeld-1936-Poster.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1185"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Great-Ziegfeld-1936-Poster.jpg/640px-Great-Ziegfeld-1936-Poster.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="948"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="The Great Ziegfeld - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Great_Ziegfeld"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Great_Ziegfeld"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-The_Great_Ziegfeld rootpage-The_Great_Ziegfeld skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Main menu </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z">Main page</a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia">Contents</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events">Current events</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x">Random article</a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works">About Wikipedia</a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia">Contact us</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia">Help</a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia">Learn to edit</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors">Community portal</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r">Recent changes</a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia">Upload file</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> Search </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Appearance </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class="">Donate</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=The+Great+Ziegfeld" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class="">Create account</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=The+Great+Ziegfeld" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Log in</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Personal tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en">Donate</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=The+Great+Ziegfeld" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"> Create account</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=The+Great+Ziegfeld" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"> Log in</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing">learn more</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y">Contributions</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Plot" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Plot"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Plot </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plot-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cast" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cast"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Cast </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cast-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery_of_the_cast" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery_of_the_cast"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Gallery of the cast </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery_of_the_cast-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Production" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Production"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Production </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Production-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Production subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Production-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Screenplay" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Screenplay"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Screenplay </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Screenplay-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Casting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Casting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Casting </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Casting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Costumes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Costumes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Costumes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Costumes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mise_en_scène_and_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mise_en_scène_and_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Mise en scène and music </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mise_en_scène_and_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aftermath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Aftermath </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Reception </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Reception-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Reception subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Box_office" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Box_office"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Box office </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Box_office-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Critical_response_at_the_time_of_release" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Critical_response_at_the_time_of_release"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Critical response at the time of release </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Critical_response_at_the_time_of_release-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Critical_re-evaluation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Critical_re-evaluation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Critical re-evaluation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Critical_re-evaluation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accolades" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accolades"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Accolades </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accolades-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">The Great Ziegfeld</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 43 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-43" aria-hidden="true" > 43 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85_(%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%85)" title="زيجفيلد العظيم (فيلم) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="زيجفيلد العظيم (فيلم)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Great_Ziegfeld" title="The Great Ziegfeld – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="The Great Ziegfeld" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A4%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%A9_%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%82%D9%81%D9%84%D8%AF" title="بؤیوک زیقفلد – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بؤیوک زیقفلد" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82_%D0%97%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B4" title="Великият Зигфелд – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Великият Зигфелд" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Great_Ziegfeld" title="The Great Ziegfeld – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="The Great Ziegfeld" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Great_Ziegfeld" title="The Great Ziegfeld – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="The Great Ziegfeld" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revykongen_Ziegfeld" title="Revykongen Ziegfeld – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Revykongen Ziegfeld" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Der_gro%C3%9Fe_Ziegfeld" title="Der große Ziegfeld – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Der große Ziegfeld" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suur_Ziegfeld" title="Suur Ziegfeld – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Suur Ziegfeld" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F_%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%96%CE%AF%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%86%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%BD%CF%84" title="Ο μέγας Ζίγκφελντ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ο μέγας Ζίγκφελντ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_gran_Ziegfeld" title="El gran Ziegfeld – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="El gran Ziegfeld" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Great_Ziegfeld" title="The Great Ziegfeld – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="The Great Ziegfeld" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%DB%8C%DA%AF%D9%81%D9%84%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="زیگفلد کبیر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زیگفلد کبیر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Grand_Ziegfeld" title="Le Grand Ziegfeld – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Le Grand Ziegfeld" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Great_Ziegfeld" title="The Great Ziegfeld – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="The Great Ziegfeld" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Great_Ziegfeld" title="The Great Ziegfeld – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="The Great Ziegfeld" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%84%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C_%EC%A7%80%EA%B7%B8%ED%8E%A0%EB%93%9C" title="위대한 지그펠드 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="위대한 지그펠드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A5%D5%AE%D5%B6_%D4%B6%D5%AB%D5%A3%D6%86%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%A4%D5%A8" title="Մեծն Զիգֆելդը – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մեծն Զիգֆելդը" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Great_Ziegfeld" title="The Great Ziegfeld – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="The Great Ziegfeld" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Il_paradiso_delle_fanciulle" title="Il paradiso delle fanciulle – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Il paradiso delle fanciulle" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%99%D7%92%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%93_%D7%94%D7%92%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9C" title="זיגפלד הגדול – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="זיגפלד הגדול" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_nagy_Ziegfeld" title="A nagy Ziegfeld – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="A nagy Ziegfeld" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B3%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B4" title="Големиот Зајгфилд – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Големиот Зајгфилд" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85" title="زيجفيلد العظيم – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="زيجفيلد العظيم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Great_Ziegfeld" title="The Great Ziegfeld – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="The Great Ziegfeld" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Great_Ziegfeld" title="The Great Ziegfeld – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="The Great Ziegfeld" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%A8%E6%98%9F%E3%82%B8%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B0%E3%83%95%E3%82%A7%E3%83%AB%E3%83%89" title="巨星ジーグフェルド – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="巨星ジーグフェルド" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_store_Ziegfeld" title="Den store Ziegfeld – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Den store Ziegfeld" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wielki_Ziegfeld" title="Wielki Ziegfeld – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wielki Ziegfeld" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Great_Ziegfeld" title="The Great Ziegfeld – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="The Great Ziegfeld" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marele_Ziegfeld" title="Marele Ziegfeld – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Marele Ziegfeld" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%97%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B4" title="Великий Зигфелд – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Великий Зигфелд" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Great_Ziegfeld" title="The Great Ziegfeld – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="The Great Ziegfeld" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%97%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B4" title="Велики Зигфилд – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Велики Зигфилд" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Great_Ziegfeld" title="The Great Ziegfeld – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="The Great Ziegfeld" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziegfeld,_naisten_kuningas" title="Ziegfeld, naisten kuningas – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ziegfeld, naisten kuningas" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_store_Ziegfeld" title="Den store Ziegfeld – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Den store Ziegfeld" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D" title="த கிரேட் சேய்க்பீல்ட் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="த கிரேட் சேய்க்பீல்ட்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk_Ziegfeld" title="Büyük Ziegfeld – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Büyük Ziegfeld" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%97%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4" title="Великий Зігфельд – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Великий Зігфельд" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Great_Ziegfeld" title="The Great Ziegfeld – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="The Great Ziegfeld" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%8C%E8%88%9E%E5%A4%A7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%94%E9%A3%9B%E8%B7%AF" title="歌舞大王昔飛路 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="歌舞大王昔飛路" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%8C%E8%88%9E%E5%A4%A7%E7%8E%8B%E9%BD%8A%E6%A0%BC%E9%A3%9B" title="歌舞大王齊格飛 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="歌舞大王齊格飛" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q470218#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Ziegfeld" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Article</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:The_Great_Ziegfeld" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >English </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Ziegfeld">Read</a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Ziegfeld">Read</a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&action=history">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/The_Great_Ziegfeld" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j">What links here</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/The_Great_Ziegfeld" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k">Related changes</a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u">Upload file</a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q">Special pages</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&oldid=1254996251" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page">Permanent link</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&action=info" title="More information about this page">Page information</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=The_Great_Ziegfeld&id=1254996251&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page">Cite this page</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FThe_Great_Ziegfeld">Get shortened URL</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FThe_Great_Ziegfeld">Download QR code</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=The_Great_Ziegfeld&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file">Download as PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p">Printable version</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:The_Great_Ziegfeld_(film)" hreflang="en">Wikimedia Commons</a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/The_Great_Ziegfeld" hreflang="en">Wikiquote</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q470218" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g">Wikidata item</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-good-star" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Good_articles*" title="This is a good article. Click here for more information."><img alt="This is a good article. Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1936 film by Robert Zigler Leonard</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;">The Great Ziegfeld</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Great-Ziegfeld-1936-Poster.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Great-Ziegfeld-1936-Poster.jpg/220px-Great-Ziegfeld-1936-Poster.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="326" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Great-Ziegfeld-1936-Poster.jpg/330px-Great-Ziegfeld-1936-Poster.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Great-Ziegfeld-1936-Poster.jpg/440px-Great-Ziegfeld-1936-Poster.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1986" data-file-height="2942" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Theatrical release poster</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Directed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Z._Leonard" title="Robert Z. Leonard">Robert Z. Leonard</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Written by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/William_Anthony_McGuire" title="William Anthony McGuire">William Anthony McGuire</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Produced by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hunt_Stromberg" title="Hunt Stromberg">Hunt Stromberg</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Starring</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/William_Powell" title="William Powell">William Powell</a> <a href="/wiki/Myrna_Loy" title="Myrna Loy">Myrna Loy</a> <a href="/wiki/Luise_Rainer" title="Luise Rainer">Luise Rainer</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Cinematography</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Oliver_T._Marsh" title="Oliver T. Marsh">Oliver T. Marsh</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Edited by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/William_S._Gray_(film_editor)" title="William S. Gray (film editor)">William S. Gray</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Music by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Donaldson_(songwriter)" title="Walter Donaldson (songwriter)">Walter Donaldson</a> Lyrics: <a href="/wiki/Harold_Adamson" title="Harold Adamson">Harold Adamson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Production company</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="vertical-align: middle;"><a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Distributed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Loews_Cineplex_Entertainment" title="Loews Cineplex Entertainment">Loew's Inc.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Release dates</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist film-date"> <ul><li>March 22, 1936 (1936-03-22) (Los Angeles, premiere)</li> <li>April 8, 1936 (1936-04-08) (US)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Running time</div></th><td class="infobox-data">177 minutes<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> 185 minutes (roadshow)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Language</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Budget</th><td class="infobox-data">$2.183 million<a href="#cite_note-Mannix-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Box office</th><td class="infobox-data">$4,673,000<a href="#cite_note-Mannix-2">[2]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> The Great Ziegfeld is a 1936 American <a href="/wiki/Musical_film" title="Musical film">musical</a> <a href="/wiki/Drama_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Drama film">drama film</a> directed by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Z._Leonard" title="Robert Z. Leonard">Robert Z. Leonard</a> and produced by <a href="/wiki/Hunt_Stromberg" title="Hunt Stromberg">Hunt Stromberg</a>. It stars <a href="/wiki/William_Powell" title="William Powell">William Powell</a> as the theatrical <a href="/wiki/Impresario" title="Impresario">impresario</a> <a href="/wiki/Florenz_Ziegfeld_Jr." title="Florenz Ziegfeld Jr.">Florenz "Flo" Ziegfeld Jr.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luise_Rainer" title="Luise Rainer">Luise Rainer</a> as <a href="/wiki/Anna_Held" title="Anna Held">Anna Held</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Myrna_Loy" title="Myrna Loy">Myrna Loy</a> as <a href="/wiki/Billie_Burke" title="Billie Burke">Billie Burke</a>. The film, shot at <a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a> studios in <a href="/wiki/Culver_City,_California" title="Culver City, California">Culver City, California</a> in the fall of 1935, is a fictionalized and sanitized tribute to <a href="/wiki/Florenz_Ziegfeld_Jr." title="Florenz Ziegfeld Jr.">Florenz Ziegfeld Jr.</a> and a cinematic adaptation of Broadway's <a href="/wiki/Ziegfeld_Follies" title="Ziegfeld Follies">Ziegfeld Follies</a>, with highly elaborate costumes, dances and sets. Many of the performers of the theatrical Ziegfeld Follies were cast in the film as themselves, including <a href="/wiki/Fanny_Brice" title="Fanny Brice">Fanny Brice</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harriet_Hoctor" title="Harriet Hoctor">Harriet Hoctor</a>, and the real Billie Burke acted as a supervisor for the film. The "<a href="/wiki/A_Pretty_Girl_Is_Like_a_Melody" title="A Pretty Girl Is Like a Melody">A Pretty Girl Is Like a Melody</a>" set alone was reported to have cost US$220,000 (US$4,830,504 in 2023 dollars<a href="#cite_note-inflation-US-3">[3]</a>),<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreen199954-4">[4]</a> featuring a towering rotating volute of 70 ft (21 m) diameter with 175 spiral steps, weighing 100 tons. The music to the film was provided by <a href="/wiki/Walter_Donaldson_(songwriter)" title="Walter Donaldson (songwriter)">Walter Donaldson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irving_Berlin" title="Irving Berlin">Irving Berlin</a>, and lyricist <a href="/wiki/Harold_Adamson" title="Harold Adamson">Harold Adamson</a>, with choreographed scenes. The extravagant costumes were designed by <a href="/wiki/Adrian_(costume_designer)" title="Adrian (costume designer)">Adrian</a>, taking some 250 tailors and seamstresses six months to prepare them using 50 pounds (23 kg) of silver sequins and 12 yards (11 m)[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarify</a>] of white ostrich plumes. Over a thousand people were employed in the production of the film, which required 16 reels of film after the cutting.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] One of the biggest successes in film in the 1930s and the pride of MGM at the time, it was acclaimed as the greatest musical biography to be made in Hollywood and still remains a standard in musical film making. It won three <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Awards</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture" title="Academy Award for Best Picture">Best Picture</a> for producer <a href="/wiki/Hunt_Stromberg" title="Hunt Stromberg">Hunt Stromberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Actress" title="Academy Award for Best Actress">Best Actress</a> for <a href="/wiki/Luise_Rainer" title="Luise Rainer">Luise Rainer</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Dance_Direction" title="Academy Award for Best Dance Direction">Best Dance Direction</a> for <a href="/wiki/Seymour_Felix" title="Seymour Felix">Seymour Felix</a>, and was nominated for four others. MGM made two more Ziegfeld films: <a href="/wiki/Ziegfeld_Girl_(film)" title="Ziegfeld Girl (film)">Ziegfeld Girl</a> (1941), starring <a href="/wiki/James_Stewart" title="James Stewart">James Stewart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hedy_Lamarr" title="Hedy Lamarr">Hedy Lamarr</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lana_Turner" title="Lana Turner">Lana Turner</a>, which recycled some footage from The Great Ziegfeld; and <a href="/wiki/Ziegfeld_Follies_(film)" title="Ziegfeld Follies (film)">Ziegfeld Follies</a> (1946) by <a href="/wiki/Vincente_Minnelli" title="Vincente Minnelli">Vincente Minnelli</a>. In 1951, the studio produced a Technicolor remake of <a href="/wiki/Show_Boat" title="Show Boat">Show Boat</a>, which Ziegfeld had presented as a stage musical. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plot">Plot</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Plot">edit</a>]</div> The son of a highly respected music professor, <a href="/wiki/Florenz_Ziegfeld_Jr." title="Florenz Ziegfeld Jr.">Florenz "Flo" Ziegfeld Jr.</a> yearns to make his mark in show business. He begins by promoting <a href="/wiki/Eugen_Sandow" title="Eugen Sandow">Eugen Sandow</a>, the "world's strongest man", at the <a href="/wiki/World%27s_Columbian_Exposition" title="World's Columbian Exposition">1893 Chicago World's Fair</a>, overcoming the competition of rival Jack Billings and his popular attraction, belly dancer <a href="/wiki/Little_Egypt_(dancer)#Farida_Mazar_Spyropoulos" title="Little Egypt (dancer)">Little Egypt</a>, with savvy marketing (allowing women to feel Sandow's muscles). Ziegfeld returns to his father and young Mary Lou at the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Musical_College" title="Chicago Musical College">Chicago Musical College</a>, and departs to San Francisco, where he and Sandow are deemed frauds for putting on a show in which Sandow faces a lion who falls asleep as soon as it is let out of the cage. Flo travels to England on an ocean liner, where he runs into Billings again who is laughing at a newspaper article denouncing him as a fraud. Flo discovers that Billings is on his way to sign a contract with beautiful French star <a href="/wiki/Anna_Held" title="Anna Held">Anna Held</a>. Despite losing all his money gambling at Monte Carlo, Flo charms Anna into signing with him instead, pretending that he doesn't know Billings. Anna twice almost sends him away for his rudeness and for being broke, before revealing that she appreciates his honesty. Ziegfeld promises to give her "more publicity than she ever dreams of" and to feature her alongside America's most prominent theatrical performers. At first, Anna's performance at the <a href="/wiki/Herald_Square_Theatre" title="Herald Square Theatre">Herald Square Theatre</a> is not a success. However, Flo manages to generate publicity by sending 20 gallons of milk to Anna every day for a fictitious milk bath beauty treatment, then refusing to pay the bill. The newspaper stories soon bring the curious to pack his theater, and Ziegfeld introduces eight new performers to back her. Audience members comment on how the milk must make her skin beautiful and the show is a major success. Flo sends Anna flowers and jewelry and a note saying "you were magnificent my wife", and she agrees to marry him, flaunting her new diamonds to her fellow performers. However, one success is not enough for the showman. He has an idea for an entirely new kind of show featuring a bevy of blondes and brunettes, one that will "glorify" the American girl. The new show, the Ziegfeld Follies, an opulent production filled with beautiful women and highly extravagant costumes and sets, is a smash hit, and is followed by more versions of the Follies. Ziegfeld tries to make a star out of Audrey Dane, who is plagued with alcoholism, and he lures <a href="/wiki/Fanny_Brice" title="Fanny Brice">Fanny Brice</a> from <a href="/wiki/Vaudeville" title="Vaudeville">vaudeville</a>, showering both with lavish gifts. He gives stagehand <a href="/wiki/Ray_Bolger" title="Ray Bolger">Ray Bolger</a> his break as well. Mary Lou, now a young woman, visits Ziegfeld, who doesn't recognize her initially, and hires her as a dancer. The new production upsets Anna, who realizes that Flo's world does not revolve around just her, and she becomes envious of the attention he pays to Audrey. She divorces him after walking in on Flo and a drunk Audrey at the wrong moment. Audrey walks out on Flo and the show after an angry confrontation. Broke, Flo borrows money from Billings for a third time for the new show. Flo meets the red-headed Broadway star <a href="/wiki/Billie_Burke" title="Billie Burke">Billie Burke</a> and soon marries her. When she hears the news, a heartbroken Anna telephones Flo and pretends to be glad for him. Flo and Billie eventually have a daughter named <a href="/wiki/Patricia_Ziegfeld_Stephenson" title="Patricia Ziegfeld Stephenson">Patricia</a>. Flo's new shows are a success, but after a while, the public's taste changes, and people begin to wonder if the times have not passed him by. After a string of negative reviews in the press, Flo overhears three men in a barber's shop saying that he'll "never produce another hit". Stung, he vows to have four hits on Broadway at the same time. He achieves his goal, with the hits <a href="/wiki/Show_Boat" title="Show Boat">Show Boat</a> (1927), <a href="/wiki/Rio_Rita_(musical)" title="Rio Rita (musical)">Rio Rita</a> (1927), <a href="/wiki/Whoopee!" title="Whoopee!">Whoopee!</a> (1928), and <a href="/wiki/The_Three_Musketeers_(musical)" title="The Three Musketeers (musical)">The Three Musketeers</a>, and invests over $1 million (US$17,744,186 in 2023 dollars<a href="#cite_note-inflation-US-3">[3]</a>) of his earnings in the stock market. However, the <a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Crash_of_1929" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Crash of 1929">stock market crash of 1929</a> bankrupts him, forcing Billie to return to the stage. Shaken by the reversal of his financial fortunes and the growing popularity of movies over live stage shows, he becomes seriously ill. Billings pays him a friendly visit, and the two men agree to become partners in a new, even grander production of The Ziegfeld Follies. But the reality is that both men are broke and Ziegfeld realizes this. In the final scene in his apartment overlooking the <a href="/wiki/Ziegfeld_Theatre_(1927)" title="Ziegfeld Theatre (1927)">Ziegfeld Theatre</a>, in a half-delirium, he recalls scenes from several of his hits, exclaiming, "I've got to have more steps, higher, higher", before dying in his chair. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cast">Cast</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Cast">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 28em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Powell" title="William Powell">William Powell</a> as <a href="/wiki/Florenz_Ziegfeld_Jr." title="Florenz Ziegfeld Jr.">Florenz Ziegfeld Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrna_Loy" title="Myrna Loy">Myrna Loy</a> as <a href="/wiki/Billie_Burke" title="Billie Burke">Billie Burke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luise_Rainer" title="Luise Rainer">Luise Rainer</a> as <a href="/wiki/Anna_Held" title="Anna Held">Anna Held</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Morgan" title="Frank Morgan">Frank Morgan</a> as Jack Billings</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanny_Brice" title="Fanny Brice">Fannie Brice</a> as herself</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Bruce" title="Virginia Bruce">Virginia Bruce</a> as Audrey Dane</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reginald_Owen" title="Reginald Owen">Reginald Owen</a> as Sampson</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Bolger" title="Ray Bolger">Ray Bolger</a> as himself</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Cossart" title="Ernest Cossart">Ernest Cossart</a> as Sidney</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Cawthorn" title="Joseph Cawthorn">Joseph Cawthorn</a> as Dr. Ziegfeld</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nat_Pendleton" title="Nat Pendleton">Nat Pendleton</a> as <a href="/wiki/Eugen_Sandow" title="Eugen Sandow">Sandow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Hoctor" title="Harriet Hoctor">Harriet Hoctor</a> as herself</li> <li>Jean Chatburn as Mary Lou</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Greig" title="Robert Greig">Robert Greig</a> as Butler</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herman_Bing" title="Herman Bing">Herman Bing</a> as Costumer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Judels" title="Charles Judels">Charles Judels</a> as Pierre</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcelle_Corday" title="Marcelle Corday">Marcelle Corday</a> as Marie</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Walburn" title="Raymond Walburn">Raymond Walburn</a> as Sage</li> <li>A. A. Trimble as <a href="/wiki/Will_Rogers" title="Will Rogers">Will Rogers</a></li> <li>Buddy Doyle as <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Cantor" title="Eddie Cantor">Eddie Cantor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mae_Questel" title="Mae Questel">Mae Questel</a> as Rosie (uncredited)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Demarest" title="William Demarest">William Demarest</a> as <a href="/wiki/Gene_Buck" title="Gene Buck">Gene Buck</a> (uncredited)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Maxwell_(actor)" title="Edwin Maxwell (actor)">Edwin Maxwell</a> as <a href="/wiki/Charles_Frohman" title="Charles Frohman">Charles Frohman</a> (uncredited)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Trowbridge" title="Charles Trowbridge">Charles Trowbridge</a> as <a href="/wiki/Julian_Mitchell_(director)" title="Julian Mitchell (director)">Julian Mitchell</a> (uncredited)</li></ul> </div> Ziegfeld Girls (uncredited) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 28em;"> <ul><li>Wanda Allen</li> <li>Lynn Bailey</li> <li>Monica Bannister</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonnie_Bannon" title="Bonnie Bannon">Bonnie Bannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynn_Bari" title="Lynn Bari">Lynn Bari</a></li> <li>Sheila Browning</li> <li>Edna Callahan</li> <li>Diane Cook</li> <li>Pauline Craig</li> <li>Hester Dean</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Fleming" title="Susan Fleming">Susan Fleming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Grey" title="Virginia Grey">Virginia Grey</a></li> <li>Mary Halsey</li> <li>Jeanne Hart</li> <li>Patricia Havens-Monteagle</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcia_Healy" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcia Healy">Marcia Healy</a></li> <li>Mary Lange</li> <li>Toni Lanier (<a href="/wiki/Toni_Mannix" title="Toni Mannix">Toni Mannix</a>)</li> <li>Margaret Lyman</li> <li>Frances MacInerney</li> <li>Julie Mooney</li> <li>Pearlie Norton</li> <li>Carlita Orr</li> <li>Claire Owen</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanda_Perry" title="Wanda Perry">Wanda Perry</a></li> <li>Evelyn Randolph</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Nixon" title="Pat Nixon">Pat Ryan</a></li> <li>Georgia Spence</li> <li>Venetia Varden</li> <li>Dolly Verner</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery_of_the_cast">Gallery of the cast</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Gallery of the cast">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248256098">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{width:100%!important}}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{display:table}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-default{background:transparent;margin-top:4px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-none{float:none}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-collapsible{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div{display:table-cell;padding:0 4px 4px;text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main>div{display:table-cell}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallery{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div{display:table-cell;padding:4px;text-align:right;font-size:85%;line-height:1em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div *,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div *{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallerybox img{background:none!important}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images .thumb img{border:solid var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)1px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb{background:var(--background-color-base,#fff)!important}</style><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Powell_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="William Powell as Ziegfeld"><img alt="William Powell as Ziegfeld" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/William_Powell_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg/180px-William_Powell_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/William_Powell_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg/270px-William_Powell_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/William_Powell_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg/360px-William_Powell_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="740" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">William Powell as Ziegfeld</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Powell_and_Myrna_Loy_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Powell and Myrna Loy as Billie Burke"><img alt="Powell and Myrna Loy as Billie Burke" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/William_Powell_and_Myrna_Loy_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer_2.JPG/180px-William_Powell_and_Myrna_Loy_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/William_Powell_and_Myrna_Loy_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer_2.JPG/270px-William_Powell_and_Myrna_Loy_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/William_Powell_and_Myrna_Loy_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="321" data-file-height="240" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Powell and Myrna Loy as Billie Burke</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Luise_Rainer_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Luise Rainer as Anna Held"><img alt="Luise Rainer as Anna Held" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Luise_Rainer_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer_2.JPG/180px-Luise_Rainer_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Luise_Rainer_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer_2.JPG/270px-Luise_Rainer_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Luise_Rainer_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="321" data-file-height="240" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Luise Rainer as Anna Held</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Nat_Pendleton_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nat Pendleton as Eugen Sandow"><img alt="Nat Pendleton as Eugen Sandow" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Nat_Pendleton_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg/180px-Nat_Pendleton_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Nat_Pendleton_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg/270px-Nat_Pendleton_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Nat_Pendleton_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg/360px-Nat_Pendleton_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="988" data-file-height="740" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Nat Pendleton as Eugen Sandow</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><a href="/wiki/File:The-Great-Ziegfeld-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Anna Held (Luise Rainer) shows her jewels to the envious Audrey Dane (Virginia Bruce, seated)"><img alt="Anna Held (Luise Rainer) shows her jewels to the envious Audrey Dane (Virginia Bruce, seated)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/The-Great-Ziegfeld-1.jpg/180px-The-Great-Ziegfeld-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/The-Great-Ziegfeld-1.jpg/270px-The-Great-Ziegfeld-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/The-Great-Ziegfeld-1.jpg/360px-The-Great-Ziegfeld-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1189" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Anna Held (Luise Rainer) shows her jewels to the envious Audrey Dane (Virginia Bruce, seated)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Ray_Bolger_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ray Bolger"><img alt="Ray Bolger" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Ray_Bolger_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg/180px-Ray_Bolger_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Ray_Bolger_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg/270px-Ray_Bolger_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Ray_Bolger_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg/360px-Ray_Bolger_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="974" data-file-height="744" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ray Bolger</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Production">edit</a>]</div> Ziegfeld's widow, <a href="/wiki/Billie_Burke" title="Billie Burke">Billie Burke</a>, was keen to pay off Ziegfeld's debts without filing for bankruptcy, and sold the rights to a biopic of him to <a href="/wiki/Universal_Pictures" title="Universal Pictures">Universal Pictures</a> in late 1933. As a result, the film went into the pre-production phase in January 1934.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBryant2006105-5">[5]</a> In the early stages of script development, Burke was listed as coauthor with Macguire.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> Macguire had initially proposed the biographical film to them in the form of a "filmusical entertainment" set in a "theatrical tradition" and William Powell was cast as Ziegfeld. However, by February 1935, Macguire had fallen into disagreement with Universal over financial problems at the studio,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBryant2006105-5">[5]</a> and the entire production, including some already constructed sets and musical arrangements, was sold to MGM for US$300,000 (US$6,666,990 in 2023 dollars<a href="#cite_note-inflation-US-3">[3]</a>). As part of the deal however, Universal retained the services of Powell for the classic screwball comedy <a href="/wiki/My_Man_Godfrey" title="My Man Godfrey">My Man Godfrey</a>, which was released the same year as The Great Ziegfeld.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBryant2006105-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreen199954-4">[4]</a> The film was shot at MGM Studios in Culver City, California mostly in the latter half of 1935 under a budget of US$1,500,000 (US$33,334,951 in 2023 dollars<a href="#cite_note-inflation-US-3">[3]</a>), produced by <a href="/wiki/Hunt_Stromberg" title="Hunt Stromberg">Hunt Stromberg</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreen199954-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Media-7">[7]</a> The cost exceeded US$2 million (US$44,446,602 in 2023 dollars<a href="#cite_note-inflation-US-3">[3]</a>) by the end of the production in early 1936,<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> exorbitant for the period, and it was MGM's most expensive film to date after <a href="/wiki/Ben-Hur:_A_Tale_of_the_Christ_(1925_film)" title="Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ (1925 film)">Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ</a> (1925).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBryant2006105-5">[5]</a> The principal cinematography was shot by <a href="/wiki/Oliver_T._Marsh" title="Oliver T. Marsh">Oliver T. Marsh</a>, and <a href="/wiki/George_Folsey_(cinematographer)" class="mw-redirect" title="George Folsey (cinematographer)">George J. Folsey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Karl_Freund" title="Karl Freund">Karl Freund</a> were brought in to shoot the Ziegfeld Roof numbers.<a href="#cite_note-Media-7">[7]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ray_June" title="Ray June">Ray June</a> shot the "Melody" number and <a href="/wiki/Merritt_B._Gerstad" title="Merritt B. Gerstad">Merritt B. Gerstad</a> is credited for the Hoctor Ballet.<a href="#cite_note-Media-7">[7]</a> In the advertising for the film, MGM boasted of the film's ostentatious nature, bragging that it was "SO BIG that only MGM could handle it", with its "countless beauties, trained lions, ponies, dogs and other animals".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeider2011177-9">[9]</a> <a href="/wiki/Busby_Berkeley" title="Busby Berkeley">Busby Berkeley</a>, who had led <a href="/wiki/Warner_Brothers" class="mw-redirect" title="Warner Brothers">Warner Brothers</a> to become the leading producer of musicals in Hollywood in the 1930s, was a major influence on the producers which had "glamorous, excessive 1930s cinematic musical numbers".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMizejewski1999167-10">[10]</a> The film also came at a time when producers had begun seeing the economic and cultural importance of the cinematic medium in comparison to theater.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMizejewski1999167-10">[10]</a> Variety notes that the film producers were likely very concerned with the presentation of the film after production was wrapped up, and that the long length of the film at 176 minutes was understandable in that they probably "wanted to preserve as much footage as possible".<a href="#cite_note-Media-7">[7]</a> <a href="/wiki/William_S._Gray_(film_editor)" title="William S. Gray (film editor)">William S. Gray</a> was responsible for the editing of the film.<a href="#cite_note-Media-7">[7]</a> Over a thousand people were employed in the production, and The Great Ziegfeld required 16 reels of film after the cutting.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeider2011178-11">[11]</a> By coincidence, Universal's <a href="/wiki/Show_Boat_(1936_film)" title="Show Boat (1936 film)">1936 film version of the Ziegfeld musical "Show Boat"</a>, the most faithful of all the film versions of the stage production, was filmed at the same time as The Great Ziegfeld and released in the same year. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Screenplay">Screenplay</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Screenplay">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ZigfeldFollies1912.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/ZigfeldFollies1912.jpg/220px-ZigfeldFollies1912.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="302" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/ZigfeldFollies1912.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="259" data-file-height="355" /></a><figcaption>Poster from a 1912 theatrical production of the Ziegfeld Follies</figcaption></figure> The screenplay by <a href="/wiki/William_Anthony_McGuire" title="William Anthony McGuire">William Anthony McGuire</a> was a "novelty" to many audiences who were familiar with the theatrical Broadway shows of the follies.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHischak2008304–305-12">[12]</a> The script, although fictionalized with embellishments needed for the motion picture,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHanson2011179-13">[13]</a> did show some accuracies in the life of Ziegfeld.<a href="#cite_note-Media-7">[7]</a> Frank S. Nugent of The New York Times said of the script: "What William Anthony McGuire has attempted in his screen play, and with general success, is to encompass not merely the fantastic personal history of Ziegfeld but the cross-sectional story of the development of the Follies, the Midnight Frolic on the New Amsterdam Roof and the other theatrical enterprises floated under the Glorifier's aegis during a span of about forty years. The two biographies—of the man and of his creations—are, naturally, inseparable; but both have been told with such wealth of detail and circumstance (real and imaginative) that even the three-hour film narrative is fragmentary and, in some places, confused."<a href="#cite_note-NYT-14">[14]</a> Although it has some accuracies, The Great Ziegfeld takes many key liberties with Ziegfeld's life and the history of the Follies, resulting in many inaccuracies.<a href="#cite_note-Turner-15">[15]</a> The earlier scenes with Sandow, the milk bath advertising scenario, and many other sequences including several of the dramatic ups and downs of the film were fictional.<a href="#cite_note-Media-7">[7]</a> <a href="/wiki/George_Gershwin" title="George Gershwin">George Gershwin</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Rhapsody_in_Blue" title="Rhapsody in Blue">Rhapsody in Blue</a> was never featured in the Follies, and the number "A Pretty Girl Is Like a Melody" was written for the 1919 Follies,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMerwe2009138-16">[16]</a> not the first edition of the revue, as shown in the film. Ray Bolger was never cast in a "Follies" show,<a href="#cite_note-Turner-15">[15]</a> and although she was born in the U.S., Billie Burke grew up in England and spoke with a <a href="/wiki/Mid-Atlantic_accent" title="Mid-Atlantic accent">Mid-Atlantic accent</a> throughout her life; Loy who portrays her clearly has an American accent in the film.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHayter-Menzies200964-17">[17]</a> In the film, the last few lines of the song "<a href="/wiki/Ol%27_Man_River" title="Ol' Man River">Ol' Man River</a>" (from Show Boat) are sung by what sounds like a tenor, while the song was intended for bass <a href="/wiki/Paul_Robeson" title="Paul Robeson">Paul Robeson</a> and sung in the original production by bass-baritone <a href="/wiki/Jules_Bledsoe" title="Jules Bledsoe">Jules Bledsoe</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoyleBunie2005253-18">[18]</a> Further, the screenplay also gives the impression that the successful original production of <a href="/wiki/Show_Boat" title="Show Boat">Show Boat</a>, which Ziegfeld produced, closed because of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a>. In fact Show Boat ended its original 1927 run in the spring of 1929 and the stock market crash did not occur until October of that year. It was the 1932 revival of the show (also produced by Ziegfeld shortly before his death), not the original production, that was affected by the Depression.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJones200382-19">[19]</a> In real life, Ziegfeld did not die in his room at the <a href="/wiki/Warwick_New_York_Hotel" title="Warwick New York Hotel">Hotel Warwick</a> (not mentioned) which stood in front of the <a href="/wiki/Ziegfeld_Theatre_(1927)" title="Ziegfeld Theatre (1927)">Ziegfeld Theatre</a>; he actually died in Los Angeles and had not even spent his last years in New York.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeider2011180-20">[20]</a> However, McGuire did capture a number of Ziegfeld's traits, such as sending telegrams to people even in close proximity, his belief that elephants were a symbol of good luck, his exquisite taste in costumes and design, and perfectionism over his productions, especially lighting and rostrum pedestaling.<a href="#cite_note-Media-7">[7]</a> McGuire's script, now in the Henry E. Huntington Library, San Marino, California, is dated September 21, 1935, probably the date when it was finalized.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmyth2006544-21">[21]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Casting">Casting</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Casting">edit</a>]</div> Initially, the main cast proposed for the film included <a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Miller" title="Marilyn Miller">Marilyn Miller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gilda_Gray" title="Gilda Gray">Gilda Gray</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ann_Pennington_(actress)" title="Ann Pennington (actress)">Ann Pennington</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Leon_Errol" title="Leon Errol">Leon Errol</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreen199954-4">[4]</a> Featured in the film are <a href="/wiki/William_Powell" title="William Powell">William Powell</a> as Ziegfeld, <a href="/wiki/Myrna_Loy" title="Myrna Loy">Myrna Loy</a> as Billie Burke, <a href="/wiki/Luise_Rainer" title="Luise Rainer">Luise Rainer</a> as <a href="/wiki/Anna_Held" title="Anna Held">Anna Held</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nat_Pendleton" title="Nat Pendleton">Nat Pendleton</a> as Eugen Sandow, and <a href="/wiki/Frank_Morgan" title="Frank Morgan">Frank Morgan</a>. Powell admitted to being "amazed" with the film after viewing it and was very grateful at having had the privilege to portray Ziegfeld, considering it to be a very important moment in his career. He said "After seeing this film I can see that most of the characters I have played before were contrived. They had no 'folks', as the character of Ziegfeld had in this picture. Their father was a pen and their mother was a bottle of ink. Here was a character with flesh, blood and sinews. I felt for the first time in my acting career I had tried the full measure of a man, regardless of my shortcomings in playing him."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBryant2006108-22">[22]</a> Many of the performers of the earlier Broadway version of the Ziegfeld Follies were cast in the film as themselves, including <a href="/wiki/Fanny_Brice" title="Fanny Brice">Fanny Brice</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harriet_Hoctor" title="Harriet Hoctor">Harriet Hoctor</a>, the ballet dancer and contortionist.<a href="#cite_note-Kindler-23">[23]</a> The Great Ziegfeld marked Rainer's second Hollywood film role after <a href="/wiki/Escapade_(1935_film)" title="Escapade (1935 film)">Escapade</a> (also with Powell).<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> Fanny Brice appears as a comedian in the abridged song sequence "My Man" and played an effective version of herself in addition to her routine comic role as the funny girl.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreen199954-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHischak200892–93-25">[25]</a> Nat Pendleton, a freestyle wrestler who had won the silver medal at the <a href="/wiki/1920_Summer_Olympics" title="1920 Summer Olympics">1920 Summer Olympics</a> in Antwerp and had appeared alongside Powell in <a href="/wiki/The_Thin_Man_(film)" title="The Thin Man (film)">The Thin Man</a> (1934), was cast as the <a href="/wiki/Strongman_(circus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Strongman (circus)">circus strongman</a> Eugen Sandow. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Billie_Burke_in_Small_Town_Girl_trailer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Billie_Burke_in_Small_Town_Girl_trailer.jpg/220px-Billie_Burke_in_Small_Town_Girl_trailer.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Billie_Burke_in_Small_Town_Girl_trailer.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="307" data-file-height="235" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Billie_Burke" title="Billie Burke">Billie Burke</a> worked as a technical consultant on the film.</figcaption></figure> Billie Burke objected to her role being cast with another actress (Myrna Loy) since she was also an actress under contract to the studio and could play herself, but the producers concluded that at that point she was not a big enough star to play herself in The Great Ziegfeld. However, according to Emily W. Leider, Burke was not keen on playing her younger self and says that Billie Burke's biographer stated that <a href="/wiki/Miriam_Hopkins" title="Miriam Hopkins">Miriam Hopkins</a> would have been her first choice to play her part, not Loy.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeider2011178-11">[11]</a> Burke herself worked as technical consultant, and although she did not object to Marilyn Miller performing a number, she was influential in the studio's refusal to give her the higher billing and salary she had demanded, which led to Miller walking away from the film.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEParishPitts1992221-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHanson2011179-13">[13]</a> Both Miller and <a href="/wiki/Lillian_Lorraine" title="Lillian Lorraine">Lillian Lorraine</a> threatened legal action if their names were so much as mentioned in the film.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHanson2011179-13">[13]</a> Thus Miller's character was renamed Sally Manners, and Lorraine's character was renamed Audrey Dane (played by <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Bruce" title="Virginia Bruce">Virginia Bruce</a>). In real life, Ziegfeld reportedly was obsessed with Miller, and was involved in numerous sex scandals.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMizejewski1999164-27">[27]</a> In 1922, Miller had given an interview in which she accused him of "making love to chorus girls" and sending her a diamond ring as "big as her hand";<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMizejewski1999164-27">[27]</a> this essence of Ziegfeld's character is captured in the film. Incidentally, Miller died from toxicity complications after surgery just before the release of the film on April 7, 1936,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVogel2007126-28">[28]</a> which led one reviewer writing in Liberty to denounce an urban legend which had arisen surrounding the timing of her death, writing "It's not true that Marilyn Miller died of a broken heart at not getting the lead in this."[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Another myth surrounding her untimely death at the age of 37 is that she had contracted syphilis.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVogel2007126-28">[28]</a> Frank Morgan, a stage and film character actor, played the role of promoter Billings in the film.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHischak2008506-29">[29]</a> <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Morgan" title="Dennis Morgan">Dennis Morgan</a>, in an uncredited role, performs in "<a href="/wiki/A_Pretty_Girl_Is_Like_a_Melody" title="A Pretty Girl Is Like a Melody">A Pretty Girl Is Like a Melody</a>" (dubbed by <a href="/wiki/Allan_Jones_(actor)" title="Allan Jones (actor)">Allan Jones</a>). <a href="/wiki/Pat_Nixon" title="Pat Nixon">Pat Ryan</a>, the future Pat Nixon, wife of <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> and First Lady of the United States, was an extra in the film.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECornelius200845-30">[30]</a> <a href="/wiki/Will_Rogers" title="Will Rogers">Will Rogers</a> was to appear in the film, but he was killed in a plane crash in August 1935. He was played by stand-in A.A. Trimble.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeider2011178-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEParishMankPicchiarini198190-31">[31]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Costumes">Costumes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Costumes">edit</a>]</div> The extravagant costumes, which even Ziegfeld initially considered too flamboyant, were designed by <a href="/wiki/Adrian_(costume_designer)" title="Adrian (costume designer)">Adrian</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGutner2001-32">[32]</a> who had worked with many of the greatest actresses of the period, including <a href="/wiki/Greta_Garbo" title="Greta Garbo">Greta Garbo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norma_Shearer" title="Norma Shearer">Norma Shearer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeanette_MacDonald" title="Jeanette MacDonald">Jeanette MacDonald</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean_Harlow" title="Jean Harlow">Jean Harlow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Katharine_Hepburn" title="Katharine Hepburn">Katharine Hepburn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joan_Crawford" title="Joan Crawford">Joan Crawford</a>,<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> and later designed for films such as <a href="/wiki/Marie_Antoinette_(1938_film)" title="Marie Antoinette (1938 film)">Marie Antoinette</a> (1938), <a href="/wiki/The_Women_(1939_film)" title="The Women (1939 film)">The Women</a> (1939), and <a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1939_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)">The Wizard of Oz</a> (1939). Howard Gutner documents that due to MGM's wealth and the high budget, Adrian indulged in "sheer lavishness" in making the costumes, surpassing anything he had done previously.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGutner2001-32">[32]</a> It took 250 tailors and seamstresses six months to sew the costumes that Adrian had designed for the film, using 50 pounds (23 kg) of silver sequins and 12 yards (11 m) of white ostrich plumes.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeider2011177-9">[9]</a> The costumes worn by women in the film are diverse, varying from "puffy hooped skirts to catlike leotards" to "layers of tulle and chiffron", with the men mostly wearing black tuxedos.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMizejewski1999167-10">[10]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mise_en_scène_and_music">Mise en scène and music</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Mise en scène and music">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Photo_from_The_Great_Ziegfeld_1936.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Photo_from_The_Great_Ziegfeld_1936.jpg/300px-Photo_from_The_Great_Ziegfeld_1936.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="429" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Photo_from_The_Great_Ziegfeld_1936.jpg/450px-Photo_from_The_Great_Ziegfeld_1936.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Photo_from_The_Great_Ziegfeld_1936.jpg/600px-Photo_from_The_Great_Ziegfeld_1936.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1068" data-file-height="1526" /></a><figcaption><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">The extravagant "Wedding Cake" sequence featured a towering rotating volute of 70 ft diameter with 175 spiral steps, weighing 100 tons. This number, "<a href="/wiki/A_Pretty_Girl_is_Like_a_Melody" class="mw-redirect" title="A Pretty Girl is Like a Melody">A Pretty Girl is Like a Melody</a>", won the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Dance_Direction" title="Academy Award for Best Dance Direction">Academy Award for Best Dance Direction</a> for 1936.</div></figcaption></figure> Leonard, a film director who specialized in melodrama and musicals, anchored the music for the film, working with <a href="/wiki/Walter_Donaldson_(songwriter)" title="Walter Donaldson (songwriter)">Walter Donaldson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irving_Berlin" title="Irving Berlin">Irving Berlin</a>, and lyricist <a href="/wiki/Harold_Adamson" title="Harold Adamson">Harold Adamson</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHischak2008427-34">[34]</a> The extravagant dances and ensemble sequences were choreographed by Seymour Felix and Harold Adamson, including the song sequence of "<a href="/wiki/A_Pretty_Girl_Is_Like_a_Melody" title="A Pretty Girl Is Like a Melody">A Pretty Girl Is Like a Melody</a>" (it was Irving Berlin's 13th annual edition in 1919). The "A Pretty Girl Is Like a Melody" set, known as the "Wedding Cake", involved several weeks of shooting time and was reported to have cost US$220,000 (US$4,830,504 in 2023 dollars<a href="#cite_note-inflation-US-3">[3]</a>).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBryant2006108-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreen199954-4">[4]</a> As many as 180 performers were involved in the scenes which included singers, dancers and musicians.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBryant2006108-22">[22]</a> The sequence starts with <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Morgan" title="Dennis Morgan">Stanley Morner</a> (soon to be known as <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Morgan" title="Dennis Morgan">Dennis Morgan</a>) alone in front of the curtain, apparently singing “A Pretty Girl…” Apparently because, although he was an excellent singer “the song had previously been recorded by Allan Jones, another M-G-M contract player, and the studio apparently decided not to re-record the number.”<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> After he sings the entire first verse and refrain, the front curtain begins to pull away and the stage begins to rotate, revealing people in 18th century costumes. The chorus continues to sing as the stage rotates through excerpts from romantic musical history, eventually reaching “<a href="/wiki/Rhapsody_in_Blue" title="Rhapsody in Blue">Rhapsody in Blue</a>” and an elaborate dance number. Then Morgan re-appears, standing among a crowd of pretty girls who are seated on the stairs. As he finishes the song, Virginia Bruce is revealed seated atop the tower, wearing a voluminous gown that spills over the edge. She faces front as the tower continues to turn. The camera pulls back to show the entire structure, and the satin curtain descends, enclosing each level in turn until the stage curtain closes. The curtains, made of rayon silk, measured 4,300 yards (3,900 m).<a href="#cite_note-Turner-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBryant2006108-22">[22]</a> Sheldon Hall and Stephen Neale note the theatrical sense that the cinematographers achieved through shooting the sequence in virtually a single take.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHallNeale2010106-36">[36]</a> They mention that "the camera traverses an enormous platform set contained within a curtained proscenium (also enormous)", and that the "set itself revolves to meet the camera, rather than the camera entering the space of the set."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHallNeale2010106-36">[36]</a> Linda Mizejewski, author of a book on the Ziegfeld girls, argues that the Pretty Girl sequence is more than just about being showy; it is symbolic of womanhood which "powerfully visualizes women as the raw material for male aesthetic vision and design".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMizejewski1999168-37">[37]</a> In the film she believes that womanhood is defined by the "young, white, blond and slender" female, which in the sequence are "delineated as the fluffy, artificial tiers of costuming and staging".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMizejewski1999168-37">[37]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Virginia_Bruce_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Virginia_Bruce_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg/220px-Virginia_Bruce_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Virginia_Bruce_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg/330px-Virginia_Bruce_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Virginia_Bruce_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg/440px-Virginia_Bruce_in_The_Great_Ziegfeld_trailer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="992" data-file-height="742" /></a><figcaption>Actress and singer Virginia Bruce in The Great Ziegfeld.</figcaption></figure> The Harriet Hoctor ballet music was scored by <a href="/wiki/Con_Conrad" title="Con Conrad">Con Conrad</a> to lyrics written by <a href="/wiki/Herb_Magidson" title="Herb Magidson">Herb Magidson</a>. The circus ballet was an adaptation from the old Ziegfeld stage shows.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreen199954-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYT-14">[14]</a> Variety called the Hoctor ballet "in itself intricate with its maneuverings of six Russian wolfhounds in terp formations",<a href="#cite_note-Media-7">[7]</a> and said that the "A Pretty Girl Is Like a Melody" sequence in the film is a "nifty Berlin tune [which] becomes the fulcrum for one of <a href="/wiki/Frank_Skinner_(composer)" title="Frank Skinner (composer)">Frank Skinner</a>'s best arrangements as <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Lange" title="Arthur Lange">Arthur Lange</a> batons the crescendos into a mad, glittering potpourri of <a href="/wiki/Saint-Sa%C3%ABns" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint-Saëns">Saint-Saëns</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gershwin" class="mw-redirect" title="Gershwin">Gershwin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Strauss" title="Strauss">Strauss</a> and <a href="/wiki/Verdi" class="mw-redirect" title="Verdi">Verdi</a>, beautifully blended against the Berlinesque background. It's a scenic flash which makes the auditor wonder 'What can they do to follow that?' meaning in this or future film production."<a href="#cite_note-Media-7">[7]</a> Juan Antonio Ramírez refers to the wedding cake as a "famous spiral column", citing it as one of the best known pieces of mobile architecture in film, but notes that in design the cake was not exclusive to The Great Ziegfeld, explaining that a wedding cake, albeit less flamboyant, had appeared in previous films such as <a href="/wiki/King_of_Jazz" title="King of Jazz">King of Jazz</a> (1930), <a href="/wiki/The_Kid_from_Spain" title="The Kid from Spain">The Kid from Spain</a> (1932), <a href="/wiki/Top_Hat" title="Top Hat">Top Hat</a> (1935), and <a href="/wiki/Follow_the_Fleet" title="Follow the Fleet">Follow the Fleet</a> (1936).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERamírez2004202-38">[38]</a> Ramírez describes the film's <a href="/wiki/Mise_en_sc%C3%A8ne" class="mw-redirect" title="Mise en scène">Mise en scène</a> as representing "the last word in flashy vulgarity, Surrealist kitsch, or perhaps both at once".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERamírez2004202-38">[38]</a> <dl><dt>Selected songs</dt></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol><li>"Won't You Come and Play With Me" by <a href="/wiki/Anna_Held" title="Anna Held">Anna Held</a></li> <li>"It's Delightful to Be Married" by <a href="/wiki/Vincent_Scotto" title="Vincent Scotto">Vincent Scotto</a>–Anna Held</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/If_You_Knew_Susie" title="If You Knew Susie">If You Knew Susie</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Buddy_DeSylva" title="Buddy DeSylva">Buddy G. DeSylva</a>–<a href="/wiki/Joseph_Meyer_(songwriter)" title="Joseph Meyer (songwriter)">Joseph Meyer</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Shine_On,_Harvest_Moon" title="Shine On, Harvest Moon">Shine On, Harvest Moon</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Nora_Bayes" title="Nora Bayes">Nora Bayes</a>–<a href="/wiki/Jack_Norworth" title="Jack Norworth">Jack Norworth</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/A_Pretty_Girl_Is_Like_a_Melody" title="A Pretty Girl Is Like a Melody">A Pretty Girl Is Like a Melody</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Irving_Berlin" title="Irving Berlin">Irving Berlin</a></li> <li>"You Gotta Pull Strings"</li> <li>"She's a Follies Girl"</li> <li>"You" by <a href="/wiki/Walter_Donaldson_(songwriter)" title="Walter Donaldson (songwriter)">Walter Donaldson</a>–<a href="/wiki/Harold_Adamson" title="Harold Adamson">Harold Adamson</a></li> <li>"You Never Looked So Beautiful" by Walter Donaldson-Harold Adamson</li> <li>"Yiddle on Your Fiddle" by Irving Berlin</li> <li>"Mon homme" ("My Man") by <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Yvain" title="Maurice Yvain">Maurice Yvain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Charles" title="Jacques Charles">Jacques Charles</a>–<a href="/wiki/Albert_Willemetz" title="Albert Willemetz">Albert Willemetz</a></li> <li>"Queen of the Jungle" by Walter Donaldson-Harold Adamson</li> <li>"Harriet Hoctor Ballet" (also known as "A Circus Must Be Different in a Ziegfeld Show") by <a href="/wiki/Con_Conrad" title="Con Conrad">Con Conrad</a>–<a href="/wiki/Herb_Magidson" title="Herb Magidson">Herb Magidson</a></li></ol> Finale: <ol><li>"March of the Musketeers" from "<a href="/wiki/The_Three_Musketeers_(musical)" title="The Three Musketeers (musical)">The Three Musketeers</a>" (<a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Friml" title="Rudolf Friml">Rudolf Friml</a>)</li> <li>"Ol’ Man River" from "Showboat" (Jerome Kern)</li> <li>"Making Whoopee" from "<a href="/wiki/Whoopee!" title="Whoopee!">Whoopee!</a>" (<a href="/wiki/Walter_Donaldson_(songwriter)" title="Walter Donaldson (songwriter)">Walter Donaldson</a>–<a href="/wiki/Gus_Kahn" title="Gus Kahn">Gus Kahn</a>)</li> <li>"Rio Rita" (<a href="/wiki/Harry_Tierney" title="Harry Tierney">Harry Tierney</a>–<a href="/wiki/Joseph_McCarthy_(composer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph McCarthy (composer)">Joseph McCarthy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Look_for_the_Silver_Lining" title="Look for the Silver Lining">Look for the Silver Lining</a>" from "Sally" (<a href="/wiki/Jerome_Kern" title="Jerome Kern">Jerome Kern</a>)</li></ol> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Aftermath">edit</a>]</div> Farida Mazar filed a lawsuit against the filmmakers shortly before her death, claiming that they "presented Little Egypt as a lewd character".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlZayer201022-39">[39]</a> 14 witnesses who had seen the act at the 1893 Chicago World Fair supported this, although the lawsuit was dropped after Mahzar died from a heart attack.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlZayer201022-39">[39]</a> Burke caused much controversy and upset among many of Ziegfeld's friends and colleagues when she sold the rights to a production on Broadway, the Ziegfeld Follies, also starring Fanny Brice, at the time the film was released in 1936, due to the fact that the show was produced by the Shubert brothers, whom Ziegfeld detested. Worse still for his associates, was that the show was a bigger success than Ziegfeld's last production of the Follies in 1931. The Ziegfeld Follies under <a href="/wiki/Vincente_Minnelli" title="Vincente Minnelli">Vincente Minnelli</a> initially was performed in December 1935 before making its Broadway debut on January 30, 1936.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGriffin201039-40-40">[40]</a> It was performed in Boston and Philadelphia until the production was postponed after Brice collapsed on stage with exhaustion.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGriffin201039-40-40">[40]</a> When it reopened on Broadway in September 1936, five months after the release of the film, it was retitled The New Ziegfeld Follies of 1936–1937, and was revamped considerably, with changes to the show's humor.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGriffin201039-40-40">[40]</a> In 1941, <a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a> produced a sequel titled <a href="/wiki/Ziegfeld_Girl_(film)" title="Ziegfeld Girl (film)">Ziegfeld Girl</a>, starring <a href="/wiki/James_Stewart" title="James Stewart">James Stewart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hedy_Lamarr" title="Hedy Lamarr">Hedy Lamarr</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lana_Turner" title="Lana Turner">Lana Turner</a>, which recycled some film from The Great Ziegfeld. In 1946, MGM made another sequel, <a href="/wiki/Ziegfeld_Follies_(film)" title="Ziegfeld Follies (film)">Ziegfeld Follies</a>, directed by Vincente Minnelli, director of the stage show.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMizejewski1999138-41">[41]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Reception">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cathay_Circle_Theater.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Cathay_Circle_Theater.jpg/267px-Cathay_Circle_Theater.jpg" decoding="async" width="267" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Cathay_Circle_Theater.jpg/401px-Cathay_Circle_Theater.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Cathay_Circle_Theater.jpg/534px-Cathay_Circle_Theater.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5606" data-file-height="4341" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Carthay_Circle_Theatre" title="Carthay Circle Theatre">Carthay Circle Theatre</a>, pictured a year after The Great Ziegfeld was released.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Astor_Theatre,_Broadway,_1936.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Astor_Theatre%2C_Broadway%2C_1936.jpg/267px-Astor_Theatre%2C_Broadway%2C_1936.jpg" decoding="async" width="267" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Astor_Theatre%2C_Broadway%2C_1936.jpg/401px-Astor_Theatre%2C_Broadway%2C_1936.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Astor_Theatre%2C_Broadway%2C_1936.jpg/534px-Astor_Theatre%2C_Broadway%2C_1936.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1499" data-file-height="1100" /></a><figcaption>The Great Ziegfeld at the <a href="/wiki/Astor_Theatre_(New_York_City)" title="Astor Theatre (New York City)">Astor Theatre</a> on Broadway in 1936</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Box_office">Box office</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Box office">edit</a>]</div> According to MGM records, the film earned a then-massive $3,089,000 in the US and Canada and $1,584,000 elsewhere resulting in a profit of $822,000.<a href="#cite_note-Mannix-2">[2]</a> It was the 5th most popular film at the British box office in 1935–36.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Critical_response_at_the_time_of_release">Critical response at the time of release</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Critical response at the time of release">edit</a>]</div> The film, which premiered in Los Angeles at the <a href="/wiki/Carthay_Circle_Theatre" title="Carthay Circle Theatre">Carthay Circle Theatre</a>, was the first musical film in history for which one of its cast members won an <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Award</a>. <a href="/wiki/Luise_Rainer" title="Luise Rainer">Luise Rainer</a> received the Best Actress Oscar for her portrayal of <a href="/wiki/Anna_Held" title="Anna Held">Anna Held</a>, Ziegfeld's first wife. The film, the pride of MGM at a time when <a href="/wiki/Warner_Brothers" class="mw-redirect" title="Warner Brothers">Warner Brothers</a> and <a href="/wiki/RKO_Pictures" title="RKO Pictures">RKO Pictures</a> were the leading studios in Hollywood for musical production, was a major commercial and critical success and one of the most successful films of the 1930s, grossing US$4,673,000 (US$102,604,288 in 2023 dollars<a href="#cite_note-inflation-US-3">[3]</a>) worldwide at the box office.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeider2011177-9">[9]</a> It was acclaimed upon release as the greatest musical biography to be made in Hollywood and still remains a standard in musical film making.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> At just over three hours, The Great Ziegfeld was also the longest talking film of the time.<a href="#cite_note-Media-7">[7]</a> (<a href="/wiki/D.W._Griffith" class="mw-redirect" title="D.W. Griffith">D.W. Griffith</a>'s The Birth of a Nation and Intolerance, both silent films, had each run over three hours.) TCM has acclaimed the "A Pretty Girl Is Like a Melody" sequence as one of "the most famous musical numbers ever filmed".<a href="#cite_note-Turner-15">[15]</a> Thomas S. Hischak has said that the film has rarely been topped for pure showmanship and glamor, <a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHischak2008304–305-12">[12]</a> and Variety considered it an "outstanding picture", a "symbol of a tradition of show business".<a href="#cite_note-Media-7">[7]</a> Variety praised the performances of the cast, remarking that as Ziegfeld, William Powell "endows the impersonation with all the qualities of a great entrepreneur and sentimentalist without sacrificing the shades and moods called for" and noting that Luise Rainer is "tops of the femmes with her vivacious Anna Held".<a href="#cite_note-Media-7">[7]</a> Stanley Green cited The Great Ziegfeld as "the first of a number of elaborate show-business screen biographies".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreen199954-4">[4]</a> <a href="/wiki/Otis_Ferguson" title="Otis Ferguson">Otis Ferguson</a>, writing for New Republic magazine, remarked that the "musical numbers seem as irresistible as Ziegfeld himself".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunne2016128-44">[44]</a> The New York American said that the film is "pretty nearly everything such an extravaganza should be", with "romance and reality, song and dance, gaiety and beauty, pathos and bathos".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEParishPitts1992275-45">[45]</a> Time qualified it as "Pretentious, packed with hokum and as richly sentimental as an Irving Berlin lyric, it is, as such, top-notch entertainment."<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> A reviewer for the Spokane Chronicle praised the film for its superb acting, writing that "[even] the great producer [Ziegfeld] would have been unable to produce scenes of magnitude and splendor that are given as part of the picture telling his life."<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> <a href="/wiki/Frank_Nugent" title="Frank Nugent">Frank S. Nugent</a> of The New York Times was also highly praising of the film, noting that it had "more stars than there are in the heavens" and remarking that "the picture achieves its best moments in the larger sequences devoted to the Girls — ballet, chorus and show. At least one of these spectacular numbers, filmed to the music of Irving Berlin's 'A Pretty Girl Is Like a Melody', with overtones of 'Rhapsody in Blue', never has been equaled on the musical comedy stage or screen."<a href="#cite_note-NYT-14">[14]</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Mosher_(writer)" title="John Mosher (writer)">John Mosher</a> of The New Yorker called it "the most lavish display the screen has had to offer" with chorus numbers that were "gigantic and effective", though he found the romance to be "peculiarly average screen-story stuff."<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> Both The New York Times and Film Daily rated the film in the "Ten Best" of the year.<a href="#cite_note-Turner-15">[15]</a> However, not all critics were as enthusiastic about the film; <a href="/wiki/Graham_Greene" title="Graham Greene">Graham Greene</a> of the British Spectator called it a "huge inflated gas-blown object" and criticized its length, comparing it to the feat of a flagpole sitter.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeider2011177-9">[9]</a> A number of critics, although praising the film in general, felt that Myrna Loy, who appears rather late on in the film, gave a lackluster performance as Billie Burke.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeider2011178-11">[11]</a> Nugent said that "Miss Loy is a stately Bille Burke, and somewhat lacking, we fear, in Miss Burke's effervescence and gaiety", and Cecilia Agner thought she came across as "stilted, like her rigidly waxed and set blonde wig". <a href="/wiki/Harrison_Carroll" title="Harrison Carroll">Harrison Carroll</a> of the Los Angeles Herald-Express, however, sympathized with the difficulty of her role in portraying a prominent living actress, confessing that he was pleased that Loy did not attempt to imitate Burke's mannerisms.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeider2011179-49">[49]</a> Emily W. Leider believes that any of her character flaws were due to a "mushy" script, rather than her performance as an actress.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeider2011179-49">[49]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Critical_re-evaluation">Critical re-evaluation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Critical re-evaluation">edit</a>]</div> Although the film is still viewed as a symbol of glamour and excess during the <a href="/wiki/Classical_Hollywood_cinema" title="Classical Hollywood cinema">Golden Age of Hollywood</a>, the film's contemporary reception is mixed. Since its release, the film has been criticized in particular for its reliance on extravagance, being unnecessarily lengthy, and its overacting (particularly by Rainer). Review aggregator <a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a> reports a 71% approval rating based on 70 reviews, with a <a href="/wiki/Weighted_arithmetic_mean" title="Weighted arithmetic mean">weighted average</a> of 6.2/10. The site's consensus reads: "This biopic is undeniably stylish, but loses points for excessive length, an overreliance on clichés, and historical inaccuracies".<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> On <a href="/wiki/Metacritic" title="Metacritic">Metacritic</a>, the film has a weighted average score of 69 out of 100 based on 16 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Null" title="Christopher Null">Christopher Null</a> stated that The Great Ziegfeld is a "textbook case of how a film can lose its appeal over the years". The film is occasionally cited as a "prime example of the Academy's fallibility" in a year when other critically acclaimed pictures such as <a href="/wiki/Mr._Deeds_Goes_to_Town" title="Mr. Deeds Goes to Town">Mr. Deeds Goes to Town</a> were released, which some argue was more deserving of Best Picture.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeider2011179-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBryant2006107-52">[52]</a> Emily W. Leider claims the film to be "more remarkable for its "legs and tinsel" extravagance than for its excellence."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeider2011177-9">[9]</a> David Parkinson of <a href="/wiki/Empire_(magazine)" title="Empire (magazine)">Empire</a> gave the film three out of five stars and concluded that it "Drags in places and doesn't even try for a true-to-life portrait of the great theatre entrepreneur but it's shiny and big spectacle with impressive choreography."<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> <a href="/wiki/Dave_Kehr" title="Dave Kehr">Dave Kehr</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Reader" title="Chicago Reader">Chicago Reader</a> called it "amazingly dull, even with William Powell in the lead and guest appearances by the likes of Ray Bolger and Fanny Brice."<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> <a href="/wiki/Emanuel_Levy" title="Emanuel Levy">Emanuel Levy</a> gave it a C grade and stated that it was "overlong and overblown but ultimately mediocre as a musical movie and as a biopic of the legendary showman."<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> <a href="/wiki/James_Berardinelli" title="James Berardinelli">James Berardinelli</a> awarded it two and a half out of four stars, stating that "although some of the production's technical aspects remain impressive, the dramatic elements come across as trite and many of the musical numbers are dated", but said that it was a "reasonably competent – albeit "airbrushed" – presentation of the main character's life."<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Accolades">Accolades</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Accolades">edit</a>]</div> The seven <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Award</a> nominations were announced on February 7, 1937, and on March 4, 1937, The Great Ziegfeld won three Oscars at the <a href="/wiki/9th_Academy_Awards" title="9th Academy Awards">9th Academy Awards</a> for 1936:<a href="#cite_note-NYTAwards-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-Oscar-58">[58]</a> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="margin:auto; margin:auto;"> <caption>Academy Award wins and nominations </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Award </th> <th scope="col">Result </th> <th scope="col">Recipient(s) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture" title="Academy Award for Best Picture">Best Picture</a> </th> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hunt_Stromberg" title="Hunt Stromberg">Hunt Stromberg</a>, producer) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Actress" title="Academy Award for Best Actress">Best Actress</a> </th> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Luise_Rainer" title="Luise Rainer">Luise Rainer</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Dance_Direction" title="Academy Award for Best Dance Direction">Best Dance Direction</a> </th> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Seymour_Felix" title="Seymour Felix">Seymour Felix</a> – For "A Pretty Girl Is Like a Melody". </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Production_Design" title="Academy Award for Best Production Design">Best Art Direction</a> </th> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cedric_Gibbons" title="Cedric Gibbons">Cedric Gibbons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Imazu" title="Eddie Imazu">Eddie Imazu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edwin_B._Willis" title="Edwin B. Willis">Edwin B. Willis</a> (lost to <a href="/wiki/Dodsworth_(film)" title="Dodsworth (film)">Dodsworth</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Academy Award for Best Director">Best Director</a> </th> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_Z._Leonard" title="Robert Z. Leonard">Robert Z. Leonard</a> (lost to <a href="/wiki/Frank_Capra" title="Frank Capra">Frank Capra</a> for <a href="/wiki/Mr._Deeds_Goes_to_Town" title="Mr. Deeds Goes to Town">Mr. Deeds Goes to Town</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Film_Editing" title="Academy Award for Best Film Editing">Best Film Editing</a> </th> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated</td> <td><a href="/wiki/William_S._Gray_(film_editor)" title="William S. Gray (film editor)">William S. Gray</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Story" title="Academy Award for Best Story">Best Writing (Original Story)</a> </th> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated</td> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Anthony_McGuire" title="William Anthony McGuire">William Anthony McGuire</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> Although he was not nominated for an Academy Award for his performance, Powell did receive the Screen Actor's Guild award for Best Actor in a tie with <a href="/wiki/C._Aubrey_Smith" title="C. Aubrey Smith">C. Aubrey Smith</a> who was in <a href="/wiki/Little_Lord_Fauntleroy_(1936_film)" title="Little Lord Fauntleroy (1936 film)">Little Lord Fauntleroy</a>. In addition, the Guild's Best Actress was given to Luise Rainer.<a href="#cite_note-Turner-15">[15]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> Notes <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141105035329/http://bbfc.co.uk/releases/great-ziegfeld">"THE GREAT ZIEGFELD (U)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification" title="British Board of Film Classification">British Board of Film Classification</a>. May 7, 1936. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bbfc.co.uk/releases/great-ziegfeld">the original</a> on November 5, 2014. Retrieved November 4, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+Board+of+Film+Classification&rft.atitle=THE+GREAT+ZIEGFELD+%28U%29&rft.date=1936-05-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbbfc.co.uk%2Freleases%2Fgreat-ziegfeld&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mannix-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mannix_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mannix_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mannix_2-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">The Eddie Mannix Ledger, Los Angeles: Margaret Herrick Library, Center for Motion Picture Study</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Eddie+Mannix+Ledger&rft.place=Los+Angeles&rft.pub=Margaret+Herrick+Library%2C+Center+for+Motion+Picture+Study&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-inflation-US-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-US_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-US_3-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-US_3-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-US_3-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-US_3-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-US_3-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-US_3-6">g</a> 1634–1699: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCusker1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_J._McCusker" title="John J. McCusker">McCusker, J. J.</a> (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanantiquarian.org/proceedings/44525121.pdf">How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/American_Antiquarian_Society" title="American Antiquarian Society">American Antiquarian Society</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+Much+Is+That+in+Real+Money%3F+A+Historical+Price+Index+for+Use+as+a+Deflator+of+Money+Values+in+the+Economy+of+the+United+States%3A+Addenda+et+Corrigenda&rft.pub=American+Antiquarian+Society&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=McCusker&rft.aufirst=J.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanantiquarian.org%2Fproceedings%2F44525121.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"> 1700–1799: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCusker1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_J._McCusker" title="John J. McCusker">McCusker, J. J.</a> (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanantiquarian.org/proceedings/44517778.pdf">How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/American_Antiquarian_Society" title="American Antiquarian Society">American Antiquarian Society</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+Much+Is+That+in+Real+Money%3F+A+Historical+Price+Index+for+Use+as+a+Deflator+of+Money+Values+in+the+Economy+of+the+United+States&rft.pub=American+Antiquarian+Society&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=McCusker&rft.aufirst=J.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanantiquarian.org%2Fproceedings%2F44517778.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"> 1800–present: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFederal_Reserve_Bank_of_Minneapolis" class="citation web cs1">Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.minneapolisfed.org/about-us/monetary-policy/inflation-calculator/consumer-price-index-1800-">"Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–"</a>. Retrieved February 29, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Consumer+Price+Index+%28estimate%29+1800%E2%80%93&rft.au=Federal+Reserve+Bank+of+Minneapolis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.minneapolisfed.org%2Fabout-us%2Fmonetary-policy%2Finflation-calculator%2Fconsumer-price-index-1800-&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreen199954-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreen199954_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreen199954_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreen199954_4-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreen199954_4-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreen199954_4-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreen199954_4-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreen199954_4-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreen199954_4-7">h</a> <a href="#CITEREFGreen1999">Green 1999</a>, p. 54. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBryant2006105-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBryant2006105_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBryant2006105_5-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBryant2006105_5-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBryant2006105_5-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFBryant2006">Bryant 2006</a>, p. 105. </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> The Hollywood Reporter (7 Jun 1934) p. 4. </li> <li id="cite_note-Media-7">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Media_7-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Media_7-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Media_7-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Media_7-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Media_7-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Media_7-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Media_7-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Media_7-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Media_7-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Media_7-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Media_7-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Media_7-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Media_7-12">m</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/1936/film/reviews/the-great-ziegfeld-2-1200411276/">"Review: "The Great Ziegfeld""</a>. Variety. April 15, 1936. Retrieved August 19, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Review%3A+%22The+Great+Ziegfeld%22&rft.date=1936-04-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F1936%2Ffilm%2Freviews%2Fthe-great-ziegfeld-2-1200411276%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> Hanie, Jonathan, Great Ziegfeld – Mesmerizing Best Picture of 1936, Orlando Movie Examiner, Retrieved on August 25, 2013 </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELeider2011177-9">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeider2011177_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeider2011177_9-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeider2011177_9-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeider2011177_9-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeider2011177_9-4">e</a> <a href="#CITEREFLeider2011">Leider 2011</a>, p. 177. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMizejewski1999167-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMizejewski1999167_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMizejewski1999167_10-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMizejewski1999167_10-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFMizejewski1999">Mizejewski 1999</a>, p. 167. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELeider2011178-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeider2011178_11-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeider2011178_11-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeider2011178_11-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeider2011178_11-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFLeider2011">Leider 2011</a>, p. 178. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHischak2008304–305-12">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHischak2008304–305_12-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHischak2008304–305_12-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFHischak2008">Hischak 2008</a>, pp. 304–305. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHanson2011179-13">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHanson2011179_13-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHanson2011179_13-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHanson2011179_13-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFHanson2011">Hanson 2011</a>, p. 179. </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-14">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_14-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_14-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_14-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNugent,_Frank_S.1936" class="citation web cs1">Nugent, Frank S. (April 9, 1936). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9802E4DE133FEE3BBC4153DFB266838D629EDE">"The Great Ziegfeld (1936)"</a>. The New York Times. Retrieved August 25, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Great+Ziegfeld+%281936%29&rft.date=1936-04-09&rft.au=Nugent%2C+Frank+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmovies.nytimes.com%2Fmovie%2Freview%3Fres%3D9802E4DE133FEE3BBC4153DFB266838D629EDE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Turner-15">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Turner_15-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Turner_15-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Turner_15-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Turner_15-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Turner_15-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Turner_15-5">f</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/186/The-Great-Ziegfeld/notes.html">"The Great Ziegfeld(1936): TCMDb Archive Materials"</a>. Turner Classic Movies (TCM). Retrieved August 25, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Great+Ziegfeld%281936%29%3A+TCMDb+Archive+Materials&rft.pub=Turner+Classic+Movies+%28TCM%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tcm.com%2Ftcmdb%2Ftitle%2F186%2FThe-Great-Ziegfeld%2Fnotes.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMerwe2009138-16"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMerwe2009138_16-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMerwe2009">Merwe 2009</a>, p. 138. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHayter-Menzies200964-17"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHayter-Menzies200964_17-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHayter-Menzies2009">Hayter-Menzies 2009</a>, p. 64. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoyleBunie2005253-18"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoyleBunie2005253_18-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBoyleBunie2005">Boyle & Bunie 2005</a>, p. 253. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJones200382-19"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJones200382_19-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFJones2003">Jones 2003</a>, p. 82. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELeider2011180-20"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeider2011180_20-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLeider2011">Leider 2011</a>, p. 180. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmyth2006544-21"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmyth2006544_21-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSmyth2006">Smyth 2006</a>, p. 544. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBryant2006108-22">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBryant2006108_22-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBryant2006108_22-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBryant2006108_22-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBryant2006108_22-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFBryant2006">Bryant 2006</a>, p. 108. </li> <li id="cite_note-Kindler-23"><a href="#cite_ref-Kindler_23-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130822002357/http://thekindleroscarchronicles.com/2012/03/21/9-the-great-ziegfeld-1936/">"The Kindler Oscar Chronicles"</a>. 9. The Great Ziegfeld (1936). The Kindler Oscar Chronicles. August 6, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thekindleroscarchronicles.com/2012/03/21/9-the-great-ziegfeld-1936/">the original</a> on August 22, 2013. Retrieved August 21, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=9.+The+Great+Ziegfeld+%281936%29&rft.atitle=The+Kindler+Oscar+Chronicles&rft.date=2012-08-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthekindleroscarchronicles.com%2F2012%2F03%2F21%2F9-the-great-ziegfeld-1936%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaird2013" class="citation news cs1">Baird, Bill (August 20, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theharrison-press.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4642:great-stars-still-with-us&catid=79:columns&Itemid=141">"Great stars still with us"</a>. The Harrison.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Harrison&rft.atitle=Great+stars+still+with+us&rft.date=2013-08-20&rft.aulast=Baird&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theharrison-press.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D4642%3Agreat-stars-still-with-us%26catid%3D79%3Acolumns%26Itemid%3D141&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHischak200892–93-25"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHischak200892–93_25-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHischak2008">Hischak 2008</a>, pp. 92–93. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEParishPitts1992221-26"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEParishPitts1992221_26-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFParishPitts1992">Parish & Pitts 1992</a>, p. 221. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMizejewski1999164-27">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMizejewski1999164_27-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMizejewski1999164_27-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMizejewski1999">Mizejewski 1999</a>, p. 164. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVogel2007126-28">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVogel2007126_28-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVogel2007126_28-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFVogel2007">Vogel 2007</a>, p. 126. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHischak2008506-29"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHischak2008506_29-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHischak2008">Hischak 2008</a>, p. 506. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECornelius200845-30"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECornelius200845_30-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFCornelius2008">Cornelius 2008</a>, p. 45. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEParishMankPicchiarini198190-31"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEParishMankPicchiarini198190_31-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFParishMankPicchiarini1981">Parish, Mank & Picchiarini 1981</a>, p. 90. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGutner2001-32">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGutner2001_32-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGutner2001_32-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFGutner2001">Gutner 2001</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.austinchronicle.com/gyrobase/Issue/review?oid=oid%3A82239">"Screens: Review – Gowns by Adrian"</a>. The Austin Chronicle. Retrieved August 25, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Austin+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Screens%3A+Review+%E2%80%93+Gowns+by+Adrian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.austinchronicle.com%2Fgyrobase%2FIssue%2Freview%3Foid%3Doid%253A82239&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHischak2008427-34"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHischak2008427_34-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHischak2008">Hischak 2008</a>, p. 427. </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.afi.com/Film/8351-THE-GREATZIEGFELD?sid=0d55af25-fd92-493a-8f1a-a52b315f48b2&sr=8.501102&cp=1&pos=0">"AFI|Catalog"</a>. catalog.afi.com. Retrieved September 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=catalog.afi.com&rft.atitle=AFI%7CCatalog&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcatalog.afi.com%2FFilm%2F8351-THE-GREATZIEGFELD%3Fsid%3D0d55af25-fd92-493a-8f1a-a52b315f48b2%26sr%3D8.501102%26cp%3D1%26pos%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHallNeale2010106-36">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHallNeale2010106_36-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHallNeale2010106_36-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFHallNeale2010">Hall & Neale 2010</a>, p. 106. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMizejewski1999168-37">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMizejewski1999168_37-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMizejewski1999168_37-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMizejewski1999">Mizejewski 1999</a>, p. 168. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERamírez2004202-38">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERamírez2004202_38-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERamírez2004202_38-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFRamírez2004">Ramírez 2004</a>, p. 202. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlZayer201022-39">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlZayer201022_39-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlZayer201022_39-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlZayer2010">AlZayer 2010</a>, p. 22. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGriffin201039-40-40">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGriffin201039-40_40-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGriffin201039-40_40-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGriffin201039-40_40-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFGriffin2010">Griffin 2010</a>, p. 39-40. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMizejewski1999138-41"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMizejewski1999138_41-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMizejewski1999">Mizejewski 1999</a>, p. 138. </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> "The Film Business in the United States and Britain during the 1930s" by John Sedgwick and Michael Pokorny, The Economic History ReviewNew Series, Vol. 58, No. 1 (Feb., 2005), pp.97 </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140610060238/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G2-2505910485.html">"The Great Ziegfeld"</a>. VideoHound's Golden Movie Retriever. January 1, 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G2-2505910485.html">the original</a> on June 10, 2014. Retrieved August 25, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Great+Ziegfeld&rft.pub=VideoHound%27s+Golden+Movie+Retriever&rft.date=2008-01-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1G2-2505910485.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunne2016128-44"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunne2016128_44-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDunne2016">Dunne 2016</a>, p. 128. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEParishPitts1992275-45"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEParishPitts1992275_45-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFParishPitts1992">Parish & Pitts 1992</a>, p. 275. </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070320192536/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,848521,00.html">"Cinema: The New Pictures: Apr. 20, 1936"</a>. Time. April 20, 1936. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,848521,00.html">the original</a> on March 20, 2007. Retrieved August 25, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Cinema%3A+The+New+Pictures%3A+Apr.+20%2C+1936&rft.date=1936-04-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C848521%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=nMtXAAAAIBAJ&pg=7456,2717746">"Great Ziegfeld Scores at Fox"</a>. Spokane Daily Chronicle. October 8, 2013. pp. 7–.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Spokane+Daily+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Great+Ziegfeld+Scores+at+Fox&rft.pages=7-&rft.date=2013-10-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DnMtXAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D7456%2C2717746&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMosher1936" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Mosher_(writer)" title="John Mosher (writer)">Mosher, John</a> (April 18, 1936). "The Current Screen". <a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a>. pp. 79–80.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=The+Current+Screen&rft.pages=79-80&rft.date=1936-04-18&rft.aulast=Mosher&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELeider2011179-49">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeider2011179_49-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeider2011179_49-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeider2011179_49-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFLeider2011">Leider 2011</a>, p. 179. </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/great_ziegfeld/">"The Great Ziegfeld (1936)"</a>. Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango Media. Retrieved January 9, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rotten+Tomatoes&rft.atitle=The+Great+Ziegfeld+%281936%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rottentomatoes.com%2Fm%2Fgreat_ziegfeld%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metacritic.com/movie/the-great-ziegfeld">"The Great Ziegfeld Reviews"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Metacritic" title="Metacritic">Metacritic</a>. <a href="/wiki/Fandom,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Fandom, Inc.">Fandom, Inc.</a> Retrieved August 13, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Metacritic&rft.atitle=The+Great+Ziegfeld+Reviews&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metacritic.com%2Fmovie%2Fthe-great-ziegfeld&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBryant2006107-52"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBryant2006107_52-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBryant2006">Bryant 2006</a>, p. 107. </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParkinson,_David" class="citation magazine cs1">Parkinson, David. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.empireonline.com/reviews/reviewcomplete.asp?FID=133771">"The Great Ziegfeld"</a>. Empire. Retrieved August 25, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Empire&rft.atitle=The+Great+Ziegfeld&rft.au=Parkinson%2C+David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.empireonline.com%2Freviews%2Freviewcomplete.asp%3FFID%3D133771&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKehr,_Dave" class="citation news cs1">Kehr, Dave. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chicagoreader.com/chicago/the-great-ziegfeld/Film?oid=1060544">"The Great Ziegfeld"</a>. The Chicago Reader. Retrieved August 25, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Chicago+Reader&rft.atitle=The+Great+Ziegfeld&rft.au=Kehr%2C+Dave&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagoreader.com%2Fchicago%2Fthe-great-ziegfeld%2FFilm%3Foid%3D1060544&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.emanuellevy.com/review/great-ziegfeld-the-1936-4/">"Great Ziegfeld, The (1936)"</a>. Emanuel Levy. Retrieved August 25, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Great+Ziegfeld%2C+The+%281936%29&rft.pub=Emanuel+Levy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.emanuellevy.com%2Freview%2Fgreat-ziegfeld-the-1936-4%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeradinelli,_James2010" class="citation web cs1">Beradinelli, James (May 20, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reelviews.net/php_review_template.php?identifier=2023">"Great Ziegfeld, The"</a>. Reel Views. Retrieved August 25, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Great+Ziegfeld%2C+The&rft.pub=Reel+Views&rft.date=2010-05-20&rft.au=Beradinelli%2C+James&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reelviews.net%2Fphp_review_template.php%3Fidentifier%3D2023&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTAwards-57"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTAwards_57-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121110024417/http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/20813/The-Great-Ziegfeld/awards">"The Great Ziegfeld (1936) Awards"</a>. Movies & TV Dept. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/20813/The-Great-Ziegfeld/awards">the original</a> on November 10, 2012. Retrieved August 25, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Great+Ziegfeld+%281936%29+Awards&rft.date=2012&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmovies.nytimes.com%2Fmovie%2F20813%2FThe-Great-Ziegfeld%2Fawards&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Oscar-58"><a href="#cite_ref-Oscar_58-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oscars.org/awards/academyawards/legacy/ceremony/9th.html">"The 9th Academy Awards (1937)"</a>. Oscar Organization. March 4, 1937. Retrieved August 19, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+9th+Academy+Awards+%281937%29&rft.pub=Oscar+Organization&rft.date=1937-03-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oscars.org%2Fawards%2Facademyawards%2Flegacy%2Fceremony%2F9th.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> Bibliography <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlZayer2010" class="citation book cs1">AlZayer, Penni (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rvagQ_5vTLkC&pg=PA22">Middle Eastern Dance</a>. Infobase Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60413-482-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60413-482-7"><bdi>978-1-60413-482-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Middle+Eastern+Dance&rft.pub=Infobase+Publishing&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-60413-482-7&rft.aulast=AlZayer&rft.aufirst=Penni&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrvagQ_5vTLkC%26pg%3DPA22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBleiler2004" class="citation book cs1">Bleiler, David (October 1, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/tlavideodvdguide00davi">TLA Video & DVD Guide 2005: The Discerning Film Lover's Guide</a>. St. Martin's Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/tlavideodvdguide00davi/page/257">257</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-312-31690-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-312-31690-7"><bdi>978-0-312-31690-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=TLA+Video+%26+DVD+Guide+2005%3A+The+Discerning+Film+Lover%27s+Guide&rft.pages=257&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Press&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.isbn=978-0-312-31690-7&rft.aulast=Bleiler&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftlavideodvdguide00davi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoyleBunie2005" class="citation book cs1">Boyle, Sheila Tully; Bunie, Andrew (October 1, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vuckDH3cD_EC&pg=PA253">Paul Robeson: The Years of Promise and Achievement</a>. Univ of Massachusetts Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55849-505-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55849-505-0"><bdi>978-1-55849-505-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Paul+Robeson%3A+The+Years+of+Promise+and+Achievement&rft.pub=Univ+of+Massachusetts+Press&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.isbn=978-1-55849-505-0&rft.aulast=Boyle&rft.aufirst=Sheila+Tully&rft.au=Bunie%2C+Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvuckDH3cD_EC%26pg%3DPA253&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBryant2006" class="citation book cs1">Bryant, Roger (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RHn-VBnYaTgC&pg=PA105">William Powell: The Life and Films</a>. McFarland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-5493-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-5493-8"><bdi>978-0-7864-5493-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=William+Powell%3A+The+Life+and+Films&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-5493-8&rft.aulast=Bryant&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRHn-VBnYaTgC%26pg%3DPA105&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCornelius2008" class="citation book cs1">Cornelius, Marcus M. (July 11, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VljqL18VsfYC&pg=PT45">Out of Nowhere: The Musical Life of Warne Marsh</a>. iUniverse. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4759-2161-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4759-2161-8"><bdi>978-1-4759-2161-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Out+of+Nowhere%3A+The+Musical+Life+of+Warne+Marsh&rft.pub=iUniverse&rft.date=2008-07-11&rft.isbn=978-1-4759-2161-8&rft.aulast=Cornelius&rft.aufirst=Marcus+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVljqL18VsfYC%26pg%3DPT45&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunne2016" class="citation book cs1">Dunne, Michael (March 24, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UfCA6X2Xxx0C&pg=PA126">American Film Musical Themes and Forms</a>. McFarland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-8337-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-8337-2"><bdi>978-0-7864-8337-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Film+Musical+Themes+and+Forms&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2016-03-24&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-8337-2&rft.aulast=Dunne&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUfCA6X2Xxx0C%26pg%3DPA126&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreen1999" class="citation book cs1">Green, Stanley (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XD2xNKSN3E8C&pg=PA54">Hollywood Musicals Year by Year</a>. Hal Leonard Corporation. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-634-00765-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-634-00765-1"><bdi>978-0-634-00765-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hollywood+Musicals+Year+by+Year&rft.pub=Hal+Leonard+Corporation&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-634-00765-1&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Stanley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXD2xNKSN3E8C%26pg%3DPA54&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGriffin2010" class="citation book cs1">Griffin, Mark (March 9, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jEAez6Zv1EgC&pg=PA39">A Hundred Or More Hidden Things: The Life and Films of Vincente Minnelli</a>. Da Capo Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-306-81893-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-306-81893-6"><bdi>978-0-306-81893-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Hundred+Or+More+Hidden+Things%3A+The+Life+and+Films+of+Vincente+Minnelli&rft.pub=Da+Capo+Press&rft.date=2010-03-09&rft.isbn=978-0-306-81893-6&rft.aulast=Griffin&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjEAez6Zv1EgC%26pg%3DPA39&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGutner2001" class="citation book cs1">Gutner, Howard (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4WrfAAAAMAAJ">Gowns by Adrian: the MGM years, 1928–1941</a>. Harry N. Abrams. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780810908987" title="Special:BookSources/9780810908987"><bdi>9780810908987</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gowns+by+Adrian%3A+the+MGM+years%2C+1928%E2%80%931941&rft.pub=Harry+N.+Abrams&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9780810908987&rft.aulast=Gutner&rft.aufirst=Howard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4WrfAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHallNeale2010" class="citation book cs1">Hall, Sheldon; Neale, Stephen (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jhvrSwOOsRgC&pg=PA106">Epics, Spectacles, and Blockbusters: A Hollywood History</a>. Wayne State University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8143-3008-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8143-3008-1"><bdi>978-0-8143-3008-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Epics%2C+Spectacles%2C+and+Blockbusters%3A+A+Hollywood+History&rft.pub=Wayne+State+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-8143-3008-1&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Sheldon&rft.au=Neale%2C+Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjhvrSwOOsRgC%26pg%3DPA106&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHalleBeveridge2013" class="citation book cs1">Halle, David; Beveridge, Andrew A. (April 9, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yi39NDWZfoQC&pg=RA2-PA49">New York and Los Angeles: The Uncertain Future</a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-933969-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-933969-3"><bdi>978-0-19-933969-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+York+and+Los+Angeles%3A+The+Uncertain+Future&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2013-04-09&rft.isbn=978-0-19-933969-3&rft.aulast=Halle&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Beveridge%2C+Andrew+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dyi39NDWZfoQC%26pg%3DRA2-PA49&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHanson2011" class="citation book cs1">Hanson, Nils (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YqbHsWWWl78C&pg=PA179">Lillian Lorraine: The Life and Times of a Ziegfeld Diva</a>. McFarland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-6407-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-6407-4"><bdi>978-0-7864-6407-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lillian+Lorraine%3A+The+Life+and+Times+of+a+Ziegfeld+Diva&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-6407-4&rft.aulast=Hanson&rft.aufirst=Nils&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYqbHsWWWl78C%26pg%3DPA179&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHayter-Menzies2009" class="citation book cs1">Hayter-Menzies, Grant (January 1, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fm4I5DClrb4C&pg=PA64">Mrs. Ziegfeld: The Public and Private Lives of Billie Burke</a>. McFarland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-5308-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-5308-5"><bdi>978-0-7864-5308-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mrs.+Ziegfeld%3A+The+Public+and+Private+Lives+of+Billie+Burke&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-5308-5&rft.aulast=Hayter-Menzies&rft.aufirst=Grant&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dfm4I5DClrb4C%26pg%3DPA64&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeritage_Capital_Corporation2004" class="citation book cs1">Heritage Capital Corporation (October 1, 2004). Grey Smith, Brad Breitbarth & Jim Halperin (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2JfzkEMSqFAC&pg=PA2">Heritage Galleries and Auctioneers Vintage Movie Poster Auction #607</a>. Ivy Press. pp. 2–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-932899-35-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-932899-35-1"><bdi>978-1-932899-35-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Heritage+Galleries+and+Auctioneers+Vintage+Movie+Poster+Auction+%23607&rft.pages=2-&rft.pub=Ivy+Press&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.isbn=978-1-932899-35-1&rft.au=Heritage+Capital+Corporation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2JfzkEMSqFAC%26pg%3DPA2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHischak2008" class="citation book cs1">Hischak, Thomas S. (June 2, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XbBz3C4Gr0EC&pg=PA304">The Oxford Companion to the American Musical: Theatre, Film, and Television</a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-533533-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-533533-0"><bdi>978-0-19-533533-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Companion+to+the+American+Musical%3A+Theatre%2C+Film%2C+and+Television&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2008-06-02&rft.isbn=978-0-19-533533-0&rft.aulast=Hischak&rft.aufirst=Thomas+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXbBz3C4Gr0EC%26pg%3DPA304&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJones2003" class="citation book cs1">Jones, John Bush (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WqQH31qkYNoC&pg=PA82">Our Musicals, Ourselves: A Social History of the American Musical Theatre</a>. UPNE. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87451-904-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87451-904-4"><bdi>978-0-87451-904-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Our+Musicals%2C+Ourselves%3A+A+Social+History+of+the+American+Musical+Theatre&rft.pub=UPNE&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-87451-904-4&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=John+Bush&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWqQH31qkYNoC%26pg%3DPA82&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeider2011" class="citation book cs1">Leider, Emily W. (September 3, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cUUhGfrBPkUC&pg=PA177">Myrna Loy: The Only Good Girl in Hollywood</a>. University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-94963-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-94963-8"><bdi>978-0-520-94963-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Myrna+Loy%3A+The+Only+Good+Girl+in+Hollywood&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2011-09-03&rft.isbn=978-0-520-94963-8&rft.aulast=Leider&rft.aufirst=Emily+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcUUhGfrBPkUC%26pg%3DPA177&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarling2009" class="citation book cs1">Marling, Karal Ann (June 30, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EUc13_ourtYC&pg=PA356">Merry Christmas! Celebrating America's Greatest Holiday</a>. Harvard University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-04062-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-04062-5"><bdi>978-0-674-04062-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Merry+Christmas%21+Celebrating+America%27s+Greatest+Holiday&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2009-06-30&rft.isbn=978-0-674-04062-5&rft.aulast=Marling&rft.aufirst=Karal+Ann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEUc13_ourtYC%26pg%3DPA356&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMerwe2009" class="citation book cs1">Merwe, Ann Ommen van der (March 26, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FZZLrZfmKhEC&pg=PA138">The Ziegfeld Follies: A History in Song</a>. Scarecrow Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-6716-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-6716-1"><bdi>978-0-8108-6716-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ziegfeld+Follies%3A+A+History+in+Song&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2009-03-26&rft.isbn=978-0-8108-6716-1&rft.aulast=Merwe&rft.aufirst=Ann+Ommen+van+der&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFZZLrZfmKhEC%26pg%3DPA138&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMizejewski1999" class="citation book cs1">Mizejewski, Linda (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yKHv6NGfqpoC&pg=PA138">Ziegfeld Girl: Image and Icon in Culture and Cinema</a>. Duke University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8223-2323-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8223-2323-5"><bdi>978-0-8223-2323-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ziegfeld+Girl%3A+Image+and+Icon+in+Culture+and+Cinema&rft.pub=Duke+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-8223-2323-5&rft.aulast=Mizejewski&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyKHv6NGfqpoC%26pg%3DPA138&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParishMankPicchiarini1981" class="citation book cs1">Parish, James Robert; Mank, Gregory W.; Picchiarini, Richard (January 1, 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=P_sHAQAAMAAJ">The Best of MGM: The Golden Years (1928-59)</a>. Arlington House. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780870004889" title="Special:BookSources/9780870004889"><bdi>9780870004889</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Best+of+MGM%3A+The+Golden+Years+%281928-59%29&rft.pub=Arlington+House&rft.date=1981-01-01&rft.isbn=9780870004889&rft.aulast=Parish&rft.aufirst=James+Robert&rft.au=Mank%2C+Gregory+W.&rft.au=Picchiarini%2C+Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DP_sHAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParishPitts1992" class="citation book cs1">Parish, James Robert; Pitts, Michael R. (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bnFZAAAAMAAJ">The Great Hollywood Musical Pictures</a>. Scarecrow Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-2529-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-2529-1"><bdi>978-0-8108-2529-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Great+Hollywood+Musical+Pictures&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-8108-2529-1&rft.aulast=Parish&rft.aufirst=James+Robert&rft.au=Pitts%2C+Michael+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbnFZAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamírez2004" class="citation book cs1">Ramírez, Juan Antonio (January 1, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Zfw4HQTG3RYC&pg=PA204">Architecture for the Screen: A Critical Study of Set Design in Hollywood's Golden Age</a>. McFarland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-1781-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-1781-0"><bdi>978-0-7864-1781-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Architecture+for+the+Screen%3A+A+Critical+Study+of+Set+Design+in+Hollywood%27s+Golden+Age&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-1781-0&rft.aulast=Ram%C3%ADrez&rft.aufirst=Juan+Antonio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZfw4HQTG3RYC%26pg%3DPA204&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmyth2006" class="citation book cs1">Smyth, J.E. (October 27, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xuaGLIS_ilgC&pg=PT544">Reconstructing American Historical Cinema: From Cimarron to Citizen Kane</a>. University Press of Kentucky. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8131-3728-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8131-3728-5"><bdi>978-0-8131-3728-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reconstructing+American+Historical+Cinema%3A+From+Cimarron+to+Citizen+Kane&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kentucky&rft.date=2006-10-27&rft.isbn=978-0-8131-3728-5&rft.aulast=Smyth&rft.aufirst=J.E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxuaGLIS_ilgC%26pg%3DPT544&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSolomon2011" class="citation book cs1">Solomon, Matthew (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YNQ0-MPMzG0C&pg=PA206">Fantastic Voyages of the Cinematic Imagination: Georges Méliès's Trip to the Moon</a>. SUNY Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4384-3582-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4384-3582-4"><bdi>978-1-4384-3582-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fantastic+Voyages+of+the+Cinematic+Imagination%3A+Georges+M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s%27s+Trip+to+the+Moon&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-4384-3582-4&rft.aulast=Solomon&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYNQ0-MPMzG0C%26pg%3DPA206&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVogel2007" class="citation book cs1">Vogel, Michelle (February 20, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JrJ7JNcLaR0C&pg=PA126">Olive Thomas: The Life and Death of a Silent Film Beauty</a>. McFarland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-5526-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-5526-3"><bdi>978-0-7864-5526-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Olive+Thomas%3A+The+Life+and+Death+of+a+Silent+Film+Beauty&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2007-02-20&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-5526-3&rft.aulast=Vogel&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJrJ7JNcLaR0C%26pg%3DPA126&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+Ziegfeld" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:The_Great_Ziegfeld_(film)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:The Great Ziegfeld (film)">The Great Ziegfeld</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/moviedetails/8351">The Great Ziegfeld</a> at the <a href="/wiki/AFI_Catalog_of_Feature_Films" title="AFI Catalog of Feature Films">AFI Catalog of Feature Films</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0027698/">The Great Ziegfeld</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/186/enwp">The Great Ziegfeld</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Turner_Classic_Movies" title="Turner Classic Movies">TCM Movie Database</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmovie.com/movie/v20813">The Great Ziegfeld</a> at <a href="/wiki/AllMovie" title="AllMovie">AllMovie</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/great_ziegfeld">The Great Ziegfeld</a> at <a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.virtual-history.com/movie/film/3139/the-great-ziegfeld">The Great Ziegfeld</a> at Virtual History</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ziegfeld_Follies" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ziegfeld_Follies" title="Template:Ziegfeld Follies"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ziegfeld_Follies" title="Template talk:Ziegfeld Follies"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ziegfeld_Follies" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ziegfeld Follies"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ziegfeld_Follies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ziegfeld_Follies" title="Ziegfeld Follies">Ziegfeld Follies</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shows</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Follies_of_1907" title="The Follies of 1907">The Follies of 1907</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziegfeld_Follies_of_1919" title="Ziegfeld Follies of 1919">Ziegfeld Follies of 1919</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziegfeld_Follies_of_1936" title="Ziegfeld Follies of 1936">Ziegfeld Follies of 1936</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Radio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Ziegfeld_Follies_of_the_Air" title="The Ziegfeld Follies of the Air">The Ziegfeld Follies of the Air</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glorifying_the_American_Girl" title="Glorifying the American Girl">Glorifying the American Girl</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Great Ziegfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziegfeld_Girl_(film)" title="Ziegfeld Girl (film)">Ziegfeld Girl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziegfeld_Follies_(film)" title="Ziegfeld Follies (film)">Ziegfeld Follies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funny_Girl_(film)" title="Funny Girl (film)">Funny Girl</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Florenz_Ziegfeld_Jr." title="Florenz Ziegfeld Jr.">Florenz Ziegfeld Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billie_Burke" title="Billie Burke">Billie Burke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Held" title="Anna Held">Anna Held</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Ziegfeld_Stephenson" title="Patricia Ziegfeld Stephenson">Patricia Ziegfeld Stephenson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ziegfeld_Theatre_(1927)" title="Ziegfeld Theatre (1927)">Ziegfeld Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziegfeld_girl" title="Ziegfeld girl">Ziegfeld girl</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Ziegfeld_Follies" title="Category:Ziegfeld Follies">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Myrna_Loy_and_William_Powell_films" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Loy_Powell_Films" title="Template:Loy Powell Films"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Loy_Powell_Films" title="Template talk:Loy Powell Films"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Loy_Powell_Films" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Loy Powell Films"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Myrna_Loy_and_William_Powell_films" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Myrna_Loy" title="Myrna Loy">Myrna Loy</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Powell" title="William Powell">William Powell</a> films</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Melodrama" title="Manhattan Melodrama">Manhattan Melodrama</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Thin_Man_(film)" title="The Thin Man (film)">The Thin Man</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Prentice" title="Evelyn Prentice">Evelyn Prentice</a> (1934)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Great Ziegfeld</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libeled_Lady" title="Libeled Lady">Libeled Lady</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/After_the_Thin_Man" title="After the Thin Man">After the Thin Man</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_Wedding_(1937_film)" title="Double Wedding (1937 film)">Double Wedding</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Another_Thin_Man" title="Another Thin Man">Another Thin Man</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_Love_You_Again" title="I Love You Again">I Love You Again</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love_Crazy_(1941_film)" title="Love Crazy (1941 film)">Love Crazy</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_of_the_Thin_Man" title="Shadow of the Thin Man">Shadow of the Thin Man</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Thin_Man_Goes_Home" title="The Thin Man Goes Home">The Thin Man Goes Home</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_of_the_Thin_Man" title="Song of the Thin Man">Song of the Thin Man</a> (1947)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Senator_Was_Indiscreet" title="The Senator Was Indiscreet">The Senator Was Indiscreet</a> (1947) (Loy made an uncredited cameo appearance.)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Films_directed_by_Robert_Z._Leonard" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Robert_Z._Leonard" title="Template:Robert Z. Leonard"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Robert_Z._Leonard" title="Template talk:Robert Z. Leonard"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Robert_Z._Leonard" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Robert Z. Leonard"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Films_directed_by_Robert_Z._Leonard" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Films directed by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Z._Leonard" title="Robert Z. Leonard">Robert Z. Leonard</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Master_Key_(1914_serial)" title="The Master Key (1914 serial)">The Master Key</a> (1914)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Ruby_Circle_(film)" title="The Ruby Circle (film)">The Ruby Circle</a> (1914)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Memories_(film)" title="Christmas Memories (film)">Christmas Memories</a> (1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judge_Not;_or_The_Woman_of_Mona_Diggings" title="Judge Not; or The Woman of Mona Diggings">Judge Not</a> (1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Love_Girl" title="The Love Girl">The Love Girl</a> (1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secret_Love_(1916_film)" title="Secret Love (1916 film)">Secret Love</a> (1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Crippled_Hand" title="The Crippled Hand">The Crippled Hand</a> (1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Eagle%27s_Wings" title="The Eagle's Wings">The Eagle's Wings</a> (1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Eve_Edgarton" title="Little Eve Edgarton">Little Eve Edgarton</a> (1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Plow_Girl" title="The Plow Girl">The Plow Girl</a> (1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_Record_(film)" title="On Record (film)">On Record</a> (1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Mormon_Maid" title="A Mormon Maid">A Mormon Maid</a> (1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Primrose_Ring_(film)" title="The Primrose Ring (film)">The Primrose Ring</a> (1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/At_First_Sight_(1917_film)" title="At First Sight (1917 film)">At First Sight</a> (1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Virtue" title="Princess Virtue">Princess Virtue</a> (1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Face_Value_(1918_film)" title="Face Value (1918 film)">Face Value</a> (1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bride%27s_Awakening" title="The Bride's Awakening">The Bride's Awakening</a> (1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danger,_Go_Slow" title="Danger, Go Slow">Danger, Go Slow</a> (1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Her_Body_in_Bond" title="Her Body in Bond">Her Body in Bond</a> (1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_Love_(1918_film)" title="Modern Love (1918 film)">Modern Love</a> (1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Big_Little_Person" title="The Big Little Person">The Big Little Person</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Delicious_Little_Devil" title="The Delicious Little Devil">The Delicious Little Devil</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Scarlet_Shadow" title="The Scarlet Shadow">The Scarlet Shadow</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/What_Am_I_Bid%3F" title="What Am I Bid?">What Am I Bid?</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Way_of_a_Woman" title="The Way of a Woman">The Way of a Woman</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Miracle_of_Love_(film)" title="The Miracle of Love (film)">The Miracle of Love</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_Folly" title="April Folly">April Folly</a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Restless_Sex" title="The Restless Sex">The Restless Sex</a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stronger_Than_Death_(1920_film)" title="Stronger Than Death (1920 film)">Stronger Than Death</a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gilded_Lily_(1921_film)" title="The Gilded Lily (1921 film)">The Gilded Lily</a> (1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heedless_Moths" title="Heedless Moths">Heedless Moths</a> (1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peacock_Alley_(1922_film)" title="Peacock Alley (1922 film)">Peacock Alley</a> (1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fascination_(1922_film)" title="Fascination (1922 film)">Fascination</a> (1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadway_Rose_(film)" title="Broadway Rose (film)">Broadway Rose</a> (1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jazzmania" title="Jazzmania">Jazzmania</a> (1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_Row" title="Fashion Row">Fashion Row</a> (1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_French_Doll" title="The French Doll">The French Doll</a> (1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mademoiselle_Midnight" title="Mademoiselle Midnight">Mademoiselle Midnight</a> (1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circe,_the_Enchantress" title="Circe, the Enchantress">Circe, the Enchantress</a> (1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love%27s_Wilderness" title="Love's Wilderness">Love's Wilderness</a> (1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheaper_to_Marry" title="Cheaper to Marry">Cheaper to Marry</a> (1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time,_the_Comedian" title="Time, the Comedian">Time, the Comedian</a> (1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bright_Lights_(1925_film)" title="Bright Lights (1925 film)">Bright Lights</a> (1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_Madness" title="Dance Madness">Dance Madness</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mademoiselle_Modiste_(film)" title="Mademoiselle Modiste (film)">Mademoiselle Modiste</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Waning_Sex" title="The Waning Sex">The Waning Sex</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Little_Journey" title="A Little Journey">A Little Journey</a> (1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Demi-Bride" title="The Demi-Bride">The Demi-Bride</a> (1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_and_Evil_(1927_film)" title="Adam and Evil (1927 film)">Adam and Evil</a> (1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_for_Three_(film)" title="Tea for Three (film)">Tea for Three</a> (1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baby_Mine_(1928_film)" title="Baby Mine (1928 film)">Baby Mine</a> (1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Cardboard_Lover" title="The Cardboard Lover">The Cardboard Lover</a> (1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Lady_of_Chance" title="A Lady of Chance">A Lady of Chance</a> (1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianne_(1929_silent_film)" title="Marianne (1929 silent film)">Marianne</a> (1929, silent)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianne_(1929_musical_film)" title="Marianne (1929 musical film)">Marianne</a> (1929, musical)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Divorcee" title="The Divorcee">The Divorcee</a> (1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/In_Gay_Madrid" title="In Gay Madrid">In Gay Madrid</a> (1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Let_Us_Be_Gay" title="Let Us Be Gay">Let Us Be Gay</a> (1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bachelor_Father" title="The Bachelor Father">The Bachelor Father</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_and_Ten_(1931_film)" title="Five and Ten (1931 film)">Five and Ten</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/It%27s_a_Wise_Child_(film)" title="It's a Wise Child (film)">It's a Wise Child</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Lenox_(Her_Fall_and_Rise)" title="Susan Lenox (Her Fall and Rise)">Susan Lenox (Her Fall and Rise)</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovers_Courageous" title="Lovers Courageous">Lovers Courageous</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Son-Daughter" title="The Son-Daughter">The Son-Daughter</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strange_Interlude_(film)" title="Strange Interlude (film)">Strange Interlude</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/When_Ladies_Meet_(1933_film)" title="When Ladies Meet (1933 film)">When Ladies Meet</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dancing_Lady" title="Dancing Lady">Dancing Lady</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peg_o%27_My_Heart_(1933_film)" title="Peg o' My Heart (1933 film)">Peg o' My Heart</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outcast_Lady" title="Outcast Lady">Outcast Lady</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/After_Office_Hours" title="After Office Hours">After Office Hours</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naughty_Marietta_(film)" title="Naughty Marietta (film)">Naughty Marietta</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escapade_(1935_film)" title="Escapade (1935 film)">Escapade</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Tale_of_Two_Cities_(1935_film)" title="A Tale of Two Cities (1935 film)">A Tale of Two Cities</a> (1935)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Great Ziegfeld</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Town_Girl_(1936_film)" title="Small Town Girl (1936 film)">Small Town Girl</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piccadilly_Jim_(1936_film)" title="Piccadilly Jim (1936 film)">Piccadilly Jim</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maytime_(1937_film)" title="Maytime (1937 film)">Maytime</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Firefly_(1937_film)" title="The Firefly (1937 film)">The Firefly</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Girl_of_the_Golden_West_(1938_film)" title="The Girl of the Golden West (1938 film)">The Girl of the Golden West</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadway_Serenade" title="Broadway Serenade">Broadway Serenade</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Moon_(1940_film)" title="New Moon (1940 film)">New Moon</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pride_and_Prejudice_(1940_film)" title="Pride and Prejudice (1940 film)">Pride and Prejudice</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Finger,_Left_Hand" title="Third Finger, Left Hand">Third Finger, Left Hand</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziegfeld_Girl_(film)" title="Ziegfeld Girl (film)">Ziegfeld Girl</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/When_Ladies_Meet_(1941_film)" title="When Ladies Meet (1941 film)">When Ladies Meet</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/We_Were_Dancing_(film)" title="We Were Dancing (film)">We Were Dancing</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stand_By_for_Action" title="Stand By for Action">Stand By for Action</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Man_from_Down_Under" title="The Man from Down Under">The Man from Down Under</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_Is_a_Private_Affair" title="Marriage Is a Private Affair">Marriage Is a Private Affair</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Week-End_at_the_Waldorf" title="Week-End at the Waldorf">Week-End at the Waldorf</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Secret_Heart" title="The Secret Heart">The Secret Heart</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cynthia_(film)" title="Cynthia (film)">Cynthia</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/B.F.%27s_Daughter" title="B.F.'s Daughter">B.F.'s Daughter</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bribe" title="The Bribe">The Bribe</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/In_the_Good_Old_Summertime" title="In the Good Old Summertime">In the Good Old Summertime</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Goes_to_Rio" title="Nancy Goes to Rio">Nancy Goes to Rio</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchess_of_Idaho" title="Duchess of Idaho">Duchess of Idaho</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grounds_for_Marriage" title="Grounds for Marriage">Grounds for Marriage</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Too_Young_to_Kiss" title="Too Young to Kiss">Too Young to Kiss</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everything_I_Have_Is_Yours_(film)" title="Everything I Have Is Yours (film)">Everything I Have Is Yours</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Clown_(1953_film)" title="The Clown (1953 film)">The Clown</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Diamond_Robbery" title="The Great Diamond Robbery">The Great Diamond Robbery</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Her_Twelve_Men" title="Her Twelve Men">Her Twelve Men</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_King%27s_Thief" title="The King's Thief">The King's Thief</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beautiful_but_Dangerous" title="Beautiful but Dangerous">Beautiful but Dangerous</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelly_and_Me" title="Kelly and Me">Kelly and Me</a> (1957)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#EEDD82"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture" title="Template:Academy Award for Best Picture"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture" title="Template talk:Academy Award for Best Picture"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Academy Award for Best Picture"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture" title="Academy Award for Best Picture">Academy Award for Best Picture</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#EEDD82;width:1%">1927–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wings_(1927_film)" title="Wings (1927 film)">Wings</a> (1927–1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Broadway_Melody" title="The Broadway Melody">The Broadway Melody</a> (1928–1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_Quiet_on_the_Western_Front_(1930_film)" title="All Quiet on the Western Front (1930 film)">All Quiet on the Western Front</a> (1929–1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cimarron_(1931_film)" title="Cimarron (1931 film)">Cimarron</a> (1930–1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Hotel_(1932_film)" title="Grand Hotel (1932 film)">Grand Hotel</a> (1931–1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavalcade_(1933_film)" title="Cavalcade (1933 film)">Cavalcade</a> (1932–1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/It_Happened_One_Night" title="It Happened One Night">It Happened One Night</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutiny_on_the_Bounty_(1935_film)" title="Mutiny on the Bounty (1935 film)">Mutiny on the Bounty</a> (1935)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Great Ziegfeld</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Life_of_Emile_Zola" title="The Life of Emile Zola">The Life of Emile Zola</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/You_Can%27t_Take_It_with_You_(film)" title="You Can't Take It with You (film)">You Can't Take It with You</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gone_with_the_Wind_(film)" title="Gone with the Wind (film)">Gone with the Wind</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_(1940_film)" title="Rebecca (1940 film)">Rebecca</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/How_Green_Was_My_Valley_(film)" title="How Green Was My Valley (film)">How Green Was My Valley</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mrs._Miniver" title="Mrs. Miniver">Mrs. Miniver</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casablanca_(film)" title="Casablanca (film)">Casablanca</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Going_My_Way" title="Going My Way">Going My Way</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lost_Weekend" title="The Lost Weekend">The Lost Weekend</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Best_Years_of_Our_Lives" title="The Best Years of Our Lives">The Best Years of Our Lives</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentleman%27s_Agreement" title="Gentleman's Agreement">Gentleman's Agreement</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(1948_film)" title="Hamlet (1948 film)">Hamlet</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_the_King%27s_Men_(1949_film)" title="All the King's Men (1949 film)">All the King's Men</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_About_Eve" title="All About Eve">All About Eve</a> (1950)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#EEDD82;width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/An_American_in_Paris_(film)" title="An American in Paris (film)">An American in Paris</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Greatest_Show_on_Earth_(film)" title="The Greatest Show on Earth (film)">The Greatest Show on Earth</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/From_Here_to_Eternity" title="From Here to Eternity">From Here to Eternity</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_the_Waterfront" title="On the Waterfront">On the Waterfront</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marty_(film)" title="Marty (film)">Marty</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Around_the_World_in_80_Days_(1956_film)" title="Around the World in 80 Days (1956 film)">Around the World in 80 Days</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bridge_on_the_River_Kwai" title="The Bridge on the River Kwai">The Bridge on the River Kwai</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gigi_(1958_film)" title="Gigi (1958 film)">Gigi</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben-Hur_(1959_film)" title="Ben-Hur (1959 film)">Ben-Hur</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Apartment" title="The Apartment">The Apartment</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Side_Story_(1961_film)" title="West Side Story (1961 film)">West Side Story</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_of_Arabia_(film)" title="Lawrence of Arabia (film)">Lawrence of Arabia</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Jones_(1963_film)" title="Tom Jones (1963 film)">Tom Jones</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/My_Fair_Lady_(film)" title="My Fair Lady (film)">My Fair Lady</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sound_of_Music_(film)" title="The Sound of Music (film)">The Sound of Music</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Man_for_All_Seasons_(1966_film)" title="A Man for All Seasons (1966 film)">A Man for All Seasons</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/In_the_Heat_of_the_Night_(film)" title="In the Heat of the Night (film)">In the Heat of the Night</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver!_(film)" title="Oliver! (film)">Oliver!</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midnight_Cowboy" title="Midnight Cowboy">Midnight Cowboy</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patton_(film)" title="Patton (film)">Patton</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_French_Connection_(film)" title="The French Connection (film)">The French Connection</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Godfather" title="The Godfather">The Godfather</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sting" title="The Sting">The Sting</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Godfather_Part_II" title="The Godfather Part II">The Godfather Part II</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Flew_Over_the_Cuckoo%27s_Nest_(film)" title="One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (film)">One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#EEDD82;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rocky" title="Rocky">Rocky</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Hall" title="Annie Hall">Annie Hall</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Deer_Hunter" title="The Deer Hunter">The Deer Hunter</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kramer_vs._Kramer" title="Kramer vs. Kramer">Kramer vs. Kramer</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordinary_People" title="Ordinary People">Ordinary People</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chariots_of_Fire" title="Chariots of Fire">Chariots of Fire</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandhi_(film)" title="Gandhi (film)">Gandhi</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terms_of_Endearment" title="Terms of Endearment">Terms of Endearment</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amadeus_(film)" title="Amadeus (film)">Amadeus</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Out_of_Africa_(film)" title="Out of Africa (film)">Out of Africa</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platoon_(film)" title="Platoon (film)">Platoon</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Emperor" title="The Last Emperor">The Last Emperor</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rain_Man" title="Rain Man">Rain Man</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Driving_Miss_Daisy" title="Driving Miss Daisy">Driving Miss Daisy</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dances_With_Wolves" title="Dances With Wolves">Dances With Wolves</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Silence_of_the_Lambs_(film)" title="The Silence of the Lambs (film)">The Silence of the Lambs</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unforgiven" title="Unforgiven">Unforgiven</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schindler%27s_List" title="Schindler's List">Schindler's List</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forrest_Gump" title="Forrest Gump">Forrest Gump</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braveheart" title="Braveheart">Braveheart</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_English_Patient_(film)" title="The English Patient (film)">The English Patient</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titanic_(1997_film)" title="Titanic (1997 film)">Titanic</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_in_Love" title="Shakespeare in Love">Shakespeare in Love</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Beauty_(1999_film)" title="American Beauty (1999 film)">American Beauty</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gladiator_(2000_film)" title="Gladiator (2000 film)">Gladiator</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#EEDD82;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_Beautiful_Mind_(film)" title="A Beautiful Mind (film)">A Beautiful Mind</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_(2002_film)" title="Chicago (2002 film)">Chicago</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings:_The_Return_of_the_King" title="The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King">The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Million_Dollar_Baby" title="Million Dollar Baby">Million Dollar Baby</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crash_(2004_film)" title="Crash (2004 film)">Crash</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Departed" title="The Departed">The Departed</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_Country_for_Old_Men" title="No Country for Old Men">No Country for Old Men</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slumdog_Millionaire" title="Slumdog Millionaire">Slumdog Millionaire</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hurt_Locker" title="The Hurt Locker">The Hurt Locker</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_King%27s_Speech" title="The King's Speech">The King's Speech</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Artist_(film)" title="The Artist (film)">The Artist</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argo_(2012_film)" title="Argo (2012 film)">Argo</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/12_Years_a_Slave_(film)" title="12 Years a Slave (film)">12 Years a Slave</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birdman_(film)" title="Birdman (film)">Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance)</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spotlight_(film)" title="Spotlight (film)">Spotlight</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moonlight_(2016_film)" title="Moonlight (2016 film)">Moonlight</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Shape_of_Water" title="The Shape of Water">The Shape of Water</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Book_(film)" title="Green Book (film)">Green Book</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parasite_(2019_film)" title="Parasite (2019 film)">Parasite</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomadland" title="Nomadland">Nomadland</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CODA_(2021_film)" title="CODA (2021 film)">CODA</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everything_Everywhere_All_at_Once" title="Everything Everywhere All at Once">Everything Everywhere All at Once</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oppenheimer_(film)" title="Oppenheimer (film)">Oppenheimer</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q470218#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q470218#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q470218#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/230983966">VIAF</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/7673357-9">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14663393c">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14663393c">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987009950593905171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/work/7988707a-0b6f-42f6-8645-cd0f66ebf303">MusicBrainz work</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&oldid=1254996251">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&oldid=1254996251</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1936_films" title="Category:1936 films">1936 films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1930s_biographical_drama_films" title="Category:1930s biographical drama films">1930s biographical drama films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1930s_musical_drama_films" title="Category:1930s musical drama films">1930s musical drama films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_biographical_drama_films" title="Category:American biographical drama films">American biographical drama films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_black-and-white_films" title="Category:American black-and-white films">American black-and-white films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_musical_drama_films" title="Category:American musical drama films">American musical drama films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Best_Picture_Academy_Award_winners" title="Category:Best Picture Academy Award winners">Best Picture Academy Award winners</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Biographical_films_about_entertainers" title="Category:Biographical films about entertainers">Biographical films about entertainers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_about_musical_theatre" title="Category:Films about musical theatre">Films about musical theatre</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_directed_by_Robert_Z._Leonard" title="Category:Films directed by Robert Z. Leonard">Films directed by Robert Z. Leonard</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_featuring_a_Best_Actress_Academy_Award%E2%80%93winning_performance" title="Category:Films featuring a Best Actress Academy Award–winning performance">Films featuring a Best Actress Academy Award–winning performance</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_set_in_Chicago" title="Category:Films set in Chicago">Films set in Chicago</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_set_in_New_York_City" title="Category:Films set in New York City">Films set in New York City</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_set_in_San_Francisco" title="Category:Films set in San Francisco">Films set in San Francisco</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_set_in_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="Category:Films set in the San Francisco Bay Area">Films set in the San Francisco Bay Area</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_set_in_the_1890s" title="Category:Films set in the 1890s">Films set in the 1890s</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_set_in_the_1910s" title="Category:Films set in the 1910s">Films set in the 1910s</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_set_in_the_1920s" title="Category:Films set in the 1920s">Films set in the 1920s</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer_films" title="Category:Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer films">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Musical_films_based_on_actual_events" title="Category:Musical films based on actual events">Musical films based on actual events</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ziegfeld_Follies" title="Category:Ziegfeld Follies">Ziegfeld Follies</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_scored_by_Arthur_Lange" title="Category:Films scored by Arthur Lange">Films scored by Arthur Lange</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1936_drama_films" title="Category:1936 drama films">1936 drama films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1930s_English-language_films" title="Category:1930s English-language films">1930s English-language films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1930s_American_films" title="Category:1930s American films">1930s American films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English-language_biographical_drama_films" title="Category:English-language biographical drama films">English-language biographical drama films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English-language_musical_drama_films" title="Category:English-language musical drama films">English-language musical drama films</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Good_articles" title="Category:Good articles">Good articles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_American_English_from_July_2022" title="Category:Use American English from July 2022">Use American English from July 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_American_English" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles written in American English">All Wikipedia articles written in American English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_October_2015" title="Category:Use mdy dates from October 2015">Use mdy dates from October 2015</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Template_film_date_with_2_release_dates" title="Category:Template film date with 2 release dates">Template film date with 2 release dates</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_needing_clarification" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles needing clarification">All Wikipedia articles needing clarification</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_clarification_from_August_2023" title="Category:Wikipedia articles needing clarification from August 2023">Wikipedia articles needing clarification from August 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_August_2021" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from August 2021">Articles with unsourced statements from August 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_October_2016" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from October 2016">Articles with unsourced statements from October 2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rotten_Tomatoes_ID_same_as_Wikidata" title="Category:Rotten Tomatoes ID same as Wikidata">Rotten Tomatoes ID same as Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rotten_Tomatoes_template_using_name_parameter" title="Category:Rotten Tomatoes template using name parameter">Rotten Tomatoes template using name parameter</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 2 November 2024, at 17:09 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Ziegfeld&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-ktjkx","wgBackendResponseTime":1920,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.475","walltime":"1.746","ppvisitednodes":{"value":19255,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":237550,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":15499,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":24,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":8,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":300095,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1523.121 1 -total"," 17.25% 262.798 40 Template:Cite_book"," 14.75% 224.663 69 Template:Sfn"," 12.70% 193.428 7 Template:Inflation-fn"," 9.79% 149.148 1 Template:Reflist"," 8.20% 124.941 4 Template:Navbox"," 7.75% 118.037 1 Template:Ziegfeld_Follies"," 6.07% 92.478 1 Template:Infobox_film"," 5.80% 88.303 19 Template:Cite_web"," 5.16% 78.592 1 Template:Short_description"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.842","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":11381345,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFAlZayer2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBaird2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBeradinelli,_James2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBleiler2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBoyleBunie2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBryant2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCornelius2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDunne2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGreen1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGriffin2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGutner2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHallNeale2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHalleBeveridge2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHanson2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHayter-Menzies2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHeritage_Capital_Corporation2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHischak2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJones2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKehr,_Dave\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLeider2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMarling2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMerwe2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMizejewski1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMosher1936\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNugent,_Frank_S.1936\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFParishMankPicchiarini1981\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFParishPitts1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFParkinson,_David\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRamírez2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSmyth2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSolomon2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVogel2007\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"!\"] = 1,\n [\"AFI film\"] = 1,\n [\"AcademyAwardBestPicture 1927-1940\"] = 1,\n [\"AllMovie title\"] = 1,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Center\"] = 1,\n [\"Citation\"] = 1,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 26,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 6,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 12,\n [\"Clarify span\"] = 1,\n [\"Commons category\"] = 1,\n [\"Convert\"] = 6,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Great Ziegfeld, The\"] = 1,\n [\"Div col\"] = 3,\n [\"Div col end\"] = 3,\n [\"Film date\"] = 1,\n [\"Formatnum:{{Inflation\"] = 7,\n [\"Gallery\"] = 1,\n [\"Good article\"] = 1,\n [\"IMDb title\"] = 1,\n [\"Inflation\"] = 7,\n [\"Inflation-fn\"] = 7,\n [\"Inflation-year\"] = 7,\n [\"Infobox film\"] = 1,\n [\"Loy Powell Films\"] = 1,\n [\"Nom\"] = 4,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 1,\n [\"Refend\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Robert Z. Leonard\"] = 1,\n [\"Rotten Tomatoes\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 69,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"TCMDb title\"] = 1,\n [\"Use American English\"] = 1,\n [\"Use mdy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Won\"] = 3,\n [\"Ziegfeld Follies\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-ktjkx","timestamp":"20241124144257","ttl":3600,"transientcontent":true}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"The Great Ziegfeld","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Great_Ziegfeld","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q470218","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q470218","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-03-15T01:04:18Z","dateModified":"2024-11-02T17:09:22Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/a7\/Great-Ziegfeld-1936-Poster.jpg","headline":"1936 film by Robert Zigler Leonard"}</script> </body> </html>