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<figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HoraceBushnellOld.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/HoraceBushnellOld.jpg/220px-HoraceBushnellOld.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="302" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/HoraceBushnellOld.jpg/330px-HoraceBushnellOld.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/HoraceBushnellOld.jpg 2x" data-file-width="437" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Horace Bushnell</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Horace Bushnell</b> (April 14, 1802 – February 17, 1876) was an American <a href="/wiki/Congregational_church" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregational church">Congregational</a> <a href="/wiki/Minister_(Christianity)" title="Minister (Christianity)">minister</a> and <a href="/wiki/Theologian" class="mw-redirect" title="Theologian">theologian</a>. He had a marked influence upon theology in America, and wrote various books on religion. He was also a graduate from <a href="/wiki/Yale_Divinity_School" title="Yale Divinity School">Yale Divinity School</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life">Life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horace_Bushnell&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bushnell was born in the village of Bantam, township of <a href="/wiki/Litchfield,_Connecticut" title="Litchfield, Connecticut">Litchfield, Connecticut</a>. He attended <a href="/wiki/Yale_College" title="Yale College">Yale College</a> where he roomed with future magazinist <a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Parker_Willis" title="Nathaniel Parker Willis">Nathaniel Parker Willis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Willis credited Bushnell with teaching him the proper technique for sharpening a razor.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After graduating in 1827, he was literary editor of the <i>New York Journal of Commerce</i> from 1828–1829, and in 1829 became a tutor at Yale. Here he initially studied law, but in 1831 he entered the theology department of Yale College. </p><p>In May, 1833 Bushnell was ordained pastor of the North Congregational church in <a href="/wiki/Hartford,_Connecticut" title="Hartford, Connecticut">Hartford, Connecticut</a>. He married Mary Apthorp in 1833 and the couple had three children.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bushnell remained in Hartford until 1859 when, due to extended poor health he resigned his pastorate. Thereafter he held no appointed office, but, until his death at Hartford in 1876, he was a prolific author and occasionally preached.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horace_Bushnell&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HoraceBushnellYoung.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/HoraceBushnellYoung.jpg/220px-HoraceBushnellYoung.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="312" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/HoraceBushnellYoung.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="326" /></a><figcaption>A younger Horace Bushnell</figcaption></figure> <p>While in California in 1856, for the restoration of his health, he took an active interest in the organization, at <a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland</a>, of the College of California (chartered in 1855 and merged with the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California" title="University of California">University of California</a> in 1869), the presidency of which he declined. As a preacher, Dr. Bushnell was very effective. Though not a dramatic orator, he was original, thoughtful and impressive in the pulpit. His theological position may be said to have been one of qualified revolt against the <a href="/wiki/Calvinism" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinism">Calvinistic</a> orthodoxy of his day. </p><p>He criticized prevailing conceptions of the <a href="/wiki/Trinity" title="Trinity">Trinity</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Atonement_in_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Atonement in Christianity">atonement</a>, conversion, and the relations of the natural and the supernatural. Above all, he broke with the prevalent view which regarded theology as essentially intellectual in its appeal and demonstrable by processes of exact logical deduction. To his thinking its proper basis is to be found in the feelings and intuitions of humankind's spiritual nature. He had a marked influence upon theology in America, an influence not so much, possibly, in the direction of the modification of specific doctrines as in the impulse and tendency and general spirit which he imparted to theological thought. </p><p>Dr. Munger's estimate was that "He was a theologian as <a href="/wiki/Copernicus" class="mw-redirect" title="Copernicus">Copernicus</a> was an astronomer; he changed the point of view, and thus not only changed everything, but pointed the way toward unity in theological thought. He was not exact, but he put God and humanity and the world into a relation that thought can accept while it goes on to state it more fully with ever growing knowledge. Other thinkers were moving in the same direction; he led the movement in <a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a>, and wrought out a great deliverance. It was a work of superb courage. Hardly a theologian in his denomination stood by him, and nearly all pronounced against him."<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Four of his books were of particular importance: <i>Christian Nurture</i> (1847), in which he virtually opposed revivalism and effectively turned the current of Christian thought toward the young ; <i>Nature and the Supernatural</i> (1858), in which he discussed <a href="/wiki/Miracle" title="Miracle">miracles</a> and endeavoured to lift the <a href="/wiki/Natural_theology" title="Natural theology">natural</a> into the <a href="/wiki/Supernatural" title="Supernatural">supernatural</a> by emphasizing the supernatural nature of man; <i>The Vicarious Sacrifice</i> (1866), in which he contended for what has come to be known as the <a href="/wiki/Moral_influence_theory_of_atonement" title="Moral influence theory of atonement">moral view</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Salvation_in_Christianity" title="Salvation in Christianity">atonement</a> in distinction from the governmental and the <a href="/wiki/Penal_substitution" title="Penal substitution">penal</a> or <a href="/wiki/Satisfaction_theory_of_atonement" title="Satisfaction theory of atonement">satisfaction</a> theories; and <i>God in Christ</i> (1849) (with an introductory Dissertation on Language as related to Thought and Spirit), in which he expressed, it was charged, <a href="/wiki/Heresy" title="Heresy">heretical</a> views as to the Trinity, holding, among other things, that the Godhead is "instrumentally three—three simply as related to our finite apprehension, and the communication of God's incommunicable nature." </p><p>Attempts were made to bring him to trial, but they were unsuccessful, and in 1852 his church unanimously withdrew from the local <a href="/wiki/Consociation" class="mw-redirect" title="Consociation">consociation</a>, thus removing any possibility of further action against him. To his critics Bushnell formally replied by writing <i>Christ in Theology</i> (1851), in which he employs the important argument that spiritual truth can be expressed only in approximate and poetical language, and concludes that an adequate <a href="/wiki/Dogma" title="Dogma">dogmatic</a> theology cannot exist. That he did not deny the divinity of Christ he proved in The Character of Jesus, forbidding his possible <i>Classification within Men</i> (1861). He also published <i>Sermons for the New Life</i> (1858); <i>Christ and his Salvation</i> (1864); <i>Work and Play</i> (1864); <i>Moral Uses of Dark Things</i> (1868); <i>Women's Suffrage; The Reform Against Nature</i> (1869); <i>Sermons on Living Subjects</i> (1872); and <i>Forgiveness and Law</i> (1874). </p><p>An edition of his works, in eleven volumes, appeared in 1876; and a further volume, gathered from his unpublished papers, as <i>The Spirit in Man: Sermons and Selections</i>, in 1903. New editions of his <i>Nature and the Supernatural, Sermons for this New Life, and Work and Play</i>, were published the same year.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Memorials">Memorials</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horace_Bushnell&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Memorials"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bushnell was greatly interested in the civic interests of Hartford, and was the chief agent in procuring the establishment of the first public park in the United States. It was named <a href="/wiki/Bushnell_Park" title="Bushnell Park">Bushnell Park</a> in his honor by that city. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Bushnell_Center_for_the_Performing_Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Bushnell Center for the Performing Arts">Bushnell Center for the Performing Arts</a>, and a residence hall at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Hartford" title="University of Hartford">University of Hartford</a> are also named for him. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Books">Books</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horace_Bushnell&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Views of Christian Nurture, and of Subjects Adjacent Thereto</i> (1847), Facsimile ed., 1876 ed., 1975, Scholars Facsimiles & Reprints, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8201-1147-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8201-1147-6">978-0-8201-1147-6</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/b/bib/bibperm?q1=afz0908">text online</a></li> <li><i> God in Christ: Three Discourses Delivered at New Haven, Cambridge, & Andover</i> (1849), University of Michigan Library, 2005, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4255-3727-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-4255-3727-8">1-4255-3727-8</a>, 1876 edition: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/b/bib/bibperm?q1=ajk2200">text online</a>, includes a preliminary dissertation arguing that language is inadequate to express things of the spirit.</li> <li><i>Sermons for the New Life</i> (1858), New York: Charles Scribner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/b/bib/bibperm?q1=AGV8946">text online</a></li> <li><i> Nature and the Supernatural: As Together Constituting the One System of God</i> (1858), University of Michigan Library, 2006, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4255-5865-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-4255-5865-8">1-4255-5865-8</a>, 1860 edition: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/b/bib/bibperm?q1=agv8944">text online</a></li> <li><i>Parting Words: A Discourse Delivered in the North Church, Hartford</i> (1859), Hartford: L.E. Hunt, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/b/bib/bibperm?q1=AGV8945">text online</a></li> <li><i>Christ and His Salvation</i> (1864), New York: Charles Scribner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/b/bib/bibperm?q1=agv8942">text online</a></li> <li><i>The Vicarious Sacrifice, Grounded in Principles of Universal Obligation</i> (1866), University of Michigan Library, 2001, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4181-5431-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-4181-5431-8">1-4181-5431-8</a>, 1871 edition: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/b/bib/bibperm?q1=ajh1114">text online</a></li> <li><i>Moral Uses of Dark Things</i> (1869), London : Strahan & Co., Sampson Low, Son & Marston.</li> <li><i>Sermons on Living Subjects</i> (1872), New York: Scribner, Armstrong, and Co., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/b/bib/bibperm?q1=AGV8947">text online</a></li> <li><i>Forgiveness and Law: Grounded in Principles Interpreted by Human Analogies</i> (1874), New York: Scribner, Armstrong, and Co., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/b/bib/bibperm?q1=AGA2341">text online</a></li> <li><i>Horace Bushnell, Selected Writings on Language, Religion, and American Culture</i>, David L. Smith, ed., Scholars Press, 1984, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89130-636-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-89130-636-6">0-89130-636-6</a></li> <li><i>Horace Bushnell: Sermons</i>, Conrad Cherry, ed., Paulist Press, 1985. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8091-0362-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-8091-0362-1">0-8091-0362-1</a></li> <li><i>Women’s Suffrage; The Reform Against Nature</i> (1869), New York: Charles Scribner and Co.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horace_Bushnell&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pattee, Fred Lewis. <i>The First Century of American Literature: 1770–1870</i>. New York: Cooper Square Publishers, 1966: 500.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lewis, R. W. B. <i>The American Adam: Innocence, Tragedy, and Tradition in the Nineteenth Century</i>. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1955: 68.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Ann_Douglas_(historian)" title="Ann Douglas (historian)">Douglas, Ann</a>. <i>The Feminization of American Culture</i>. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1977: 342. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-394-40532-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-394-40532-3">0-394-40532-3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB1911-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/20px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/40px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Bushnell,_Horace" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Bushnell, Horace">Bushnell, Horace</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 873.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Bushnell%2C+Horace&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=873&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHorace+Bushnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horace_Bushnell&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>James O. Duke, <i>Horace Bushnell on the Vitality of Biblical Language</i> (1984), Scholars Press <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0891306501" title="Special:BookSources/0891306501">0891306501</a></li> <li>Donald A. Crosby, Horace Bushnell's Theory of Language: In the Context of Other Nineteenth Century Philosophies of Language (1975), The Hague: Mouton, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-279-3044-9" title="Special:BookSources/90-279-3044-9">90-279-3044-9</a></li> <li>David L. Smith, <i>Symbolism and Growth: Religious Thought of Horace Bushnell</i> (1981), Scholars Press, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89130-410-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-89130-410-X">0-89130-410-X</a></li> <li>Howard A. Barnes, <i>Horace Bushnell and the Virtuous Republic</i> (1991), Scarecrow Press, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8108-2438-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-8108-2438-8">0-8108-2438-8</a></li> <li>Robert L. Edwards, <i>Of Singular Genius, of Singular Grace: A Biography of Horace Bushnell</i> (1992), Pilgrim Press, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8298-0937-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-8298-0937-6">0-8298-0937-6</a></li> <li>Robert Bruce Mullin, <i>The Puritan As Yankee: A Life of Horace Bushnell</i> (2002), Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8028-4252-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-8028-4252-6">0-8028-4252-6</a></li> <li>Michiyo Morita, <i>Horace Bushnell on Women in Nineteenth-Century America</i> (2004), University Press of America, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7618-2888-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-7618-2888-5">0-7618-2888-5</a></li> <li>Andrew Jackson Davis, <i>The Approaching Crisis: Being a Review of Dr. Bushnell's Course of Lectures, on the Bible, Nature, Religion, Skepticism, and the Supernatural</i> (1870), Boston: W. White & Co., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/b/bib/bibperm?q1=ACA2174">text online</a>; a response to lectures by Bushnell during December 1851 and January 1852 on rationalism vs. supernaturalism.</li> <li>Theodore Thornton Munger, <i>Horace Bushnell, Preacher and Theologian</i> (1899), Houghton, Mifflin</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horace_Bushnell&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikiquote-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Horace_Bushnell" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Horace Bushnell">Horace Bushnell</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdl.handle.net/10079/fa/divinity.039">Horace Bushnell Papers</a> at Special Collections, Yale Divinity School Library</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdl.handle.net/10079/fa/mssa.ms.1291">Horace Bushnell Papers</a> at Manuscripts and Archives, Yale University Library</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060622050922/http://bushnellpark.org/bushbio.html">Biography</a> by Bushnell Park Foundation</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070313012944/http://www.firstchurchguilford.org/new/history/350book/edwards.html">Congregational sermon</a> from 1993 honoring Bushnell</li> <li>"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=moajrnl;idno=acw8433.2-09.051">Two American Divines</a>", in <i>Appletons' Journal: a Magazine of General Literature</i>, New York: D. Appleton and Company, Volume 9, Issue: 51, Sept 1880, p. 277–280</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=moajrnl;idno=acf4325.1-21.002">Review of "God in Christ"</a> in <i>The Princeton Review</i>, Vol. 21, Issue 2, Apr 1849, pp. 259–298</li> <li>"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=moajrnl;idno=acf4325.1-25.004">Recent Doctrinal and Ecclesiastical Conflicts in Connecticut</a>" in <i>The Princeton Review</i>, Vol. 25, Issue 4, Oct 1853, pp. 598–637</li> <li>"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.patheos.com/blogs/rogereolson/2012/08/remembering-the-progressive-orthodoxy-of-horace-bushnell-part-one/">Remembering the Progressive Orthodoxy of Horace Bushnell"</a> by Roger Olson</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/10798">Horace Bushnell</a> at <a href="/wiki/Find_a_Grave" title="Find a Grave">Find a Grave</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librivox.org/author/12177">Works by Horace Bushnell</a> at <a href="/wiki/LibriVox" title="LibriVox">LibriVox</a> (public domain audiobooks) <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/15px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/23px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/30px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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