CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>John McDonnell - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"31238025-09a2-4ee9-a7fc-45a4d2d5d980","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"John_McDonnell","wgTitle":"John McDonnell","wgCurRevisionId":1259353362,"wgRevisionId":1259353362,"wgArticleId":415133,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["All accuracy disputes","Accuracy disputes from April 2020","Pages containing links to subscription-only content","All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from November 2024","Articles with permanently dead external links","CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use British English from October 2019","Use dmy dates from September 2023", "Articles with hAudio microformats","All articles with vague or ambiguous time","Vague or ambiguous time from April 2021","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from August 2020","Articles with minor POV problems from July 2024","Commons category link is on Wikidata","1951 births","Living people","Alumni of Birkbeck, University of London","Alumni of Brunel University London","British anti-capitalists","British Marxists","British religious sceptics","British socialists","British women's rights activists","European democratic socialists","English Marxists","English anti-fascists","English anti–Iraq War activists","English people of Irish descent","English republicans","English socialists","Labour Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies","Left-wing politics in the United Kingdom","Members of the Greater London Council","Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom","People educated at Great Yarmouth Grammar School", "People educated at St Joseph's College, Ipswich","Politicians from Liverpool","UK MPs 1997–2001","UK MPs 2001–2005","UK MPs 2005–2010","UK MPs 2010–2015","UK MPs 2015–2017","UK MPs 2017–2019","UK MPs 2019–2024","Universal basic income in the United Kingdom","Labour Friends of Palestine and the Middle East","Socialist Campaign Group","UK MPs 2024–present","Independent members of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"John_McDonnell","wgRelevantArticleId":415133,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr", "pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":70000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q694695","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.tmh.player.styles":"ready", "skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.tmh.player","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022", "ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.tmh.player.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Official_portrait_of_Rt_Hon_John_McDonnell_MP_crop_2.jpg/1200px-Official_portrait_of_Rt_Hon_John_McDonnell_MP_crop_2.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1600"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Official_portrait_of_Rt_Hon_John_McDonnell_MP_crop_2.jpg/800px-Official_portrait_of_Rt_Hon_John_McDonnell_MP_crop_2.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1067"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Official_portrait_of_Rt_Hon_John_McDonnell_MP_crop_2.jpg/640px-Official_portrait_of_Rt_Hon_John_McDonnell_MP_crop_2.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="853"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="John McDonnell - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McDonnell"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McDonnell"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-John_McDonnell rootpage-John_McDonnell skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=John+McDonnell" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=John+McDonnell" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=John+McDonnell" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=John+McDonnell" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Early_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Early life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Greater_London_Council_(1981–1986)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greater_London_Council_(1981–1986)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Greater London Council (1981–1986)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greater_London_Council_(1981–1986)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-After_the_GLC_(1986–1997)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#After_the_GLC_(1986–1997)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>After the GLC (1986–1997)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-After_the_GLC_(1986–1997)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parliamentary_backbencher_(1997–2015)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parliamentary_backbencher_(1997–2015)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Parliamentary backbencher (1997–2015)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Parliamentary_backbencher_(1997–2015)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Parliamentary backbencher (1997–2015) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Parliamentary_backbencher_(1997–2015)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Iraq_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iraq_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Iraq War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iraq_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Irish_Republican_Army" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Irish_Republican_Army"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Irish Republican Army</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Irish_Republican_Army-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Groups_and_campaigns_in_Parliament" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Groups_and_campaigns_in_Parliament"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Groups and campaigns in Parliament</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Groups_and_campaigns_in_Parliament-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economic_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economic_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Economic policy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economic_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Public_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4.1</span> <span>Public services</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tax_transparency" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tax_transparency"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4.2</span> <span>Tax transparency</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tax_transparency-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bank_regulations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bank_regulations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4.3</span> <span>Bank regulations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bank_regulations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anti-austerity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anti-austerity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4.4</span> <span>Anti-austerity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anti-austerity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Heathrow_Airport_expansion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heathrow_Airport_expansion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Heathrow Airport expansion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Heathrow_Airport_expansion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Armed_police_and_MI5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Armed_police_and_MI5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Armed police and MI5</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Armed_police_and_MI5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2007_Labour_leadership_campaign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2007_Labour_leadership_campaign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>2007 Labour leadership campaign</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2007_Labour_leadership_campaign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2010_Labour_leadership_campaign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2010_Labour_leadership_campaign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>2010 Labour leadership campaign</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2010_Labour_leadership_campaign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shadow_Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer_(2015–2020)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shadow_Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer_(2015–2020)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer (2015–2020)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shadow_Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer_(2015–2020)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Return_to_the_backbenches_(2020–present)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Return_to_the_backbenches_(2020–present)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Return to the backbenches (2020–present)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Return_to_the_backbenches_(2020–present)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_views" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_views"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Political views</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_views-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">John McDonnell</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 18 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D9%84_(%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A)" title="جون ماكدونل (سياسي) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جون ماكدونل (سياسي)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2" title="জন ম্যাকডোনেল – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জন ম্যাকডোনেল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McDonnell_(Politiker)" title="John McDonnell (Politiker) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="John McDonnell (Politiker)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McDonnell_(homme_politique_britannique)" title="John McDonnell (homme politique britannique) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="John McDonnell (homme politique britannique)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McDonnell" title="John McDonnell – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="John McDonnell" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%EB%A7%A5%EB%8F%84%EB%84%AC" title="존 맥도넬 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="존 맥도넬" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McDonnell" title="John McDonnell – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="John McDonnell" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McDonnell" title="John McDonnell – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="John McDonnell" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioannes_McDonnell" title="Ioannes McDonnell – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ioannes McDonnell" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D9%84" title="جون ماكدونل – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جون ماكدونل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9E%E3%82%AF%E3%83%89%E3%83%8D%E3%83%AB" title="ジョン・マクドネル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジョン・マクドネル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McDonnell" title="John McDonnell – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="John McDonnell" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Макдоннелл, Джон – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Макдоннелл, Джон" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McDonnell" title="John McDonnell – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="John McDonnell" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McDonnell" title="John McDonnell – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="John McDonnell" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McDonnell" title="John McDonnell – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="John McDonnell" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Джон Макдоннелл – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джон Макдоннелл" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E9%BA%A5%E5%85%8B%E5%94%90%E5%A5%88" title="約翰·麥克唐奈 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="約翰·麥克唐奈" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q694695#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/John_McDonnell" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:John_McDonnell" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/John_McDonnell"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/John_McDonnell"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/John_McDonnell" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/John_McDonnell" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&oldid=1259353362" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=John_McDonnell&id=1259353362&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJohn_McDonnell"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJohn_McDonnell"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=John_McDonnell&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:John_McDonnell" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/John_McDonnell" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q694695" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">British politician (born 1951)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other people named John McDonnell, see <a href="/wiki/John_McDonnell_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="John McDonnell (disambiguation)">John McDonnell (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Honourable" title="The Right Honourable">The Right Honourable</a></div><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">John McDonnell</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of Parliament">MP</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_portrait_of_Rt_Hon_John_McDonnell_MP_crop_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Official_portrait_of_Rt_Hon_John_McDonnell_MP_crop_2.jpg/220px-Official_portrait_of_Rt_Hon_John_McDonnell_MP_crop_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Official_portrait_of_Rt_Hon_John_McDonnell_MP_crop_2.jpg/330px-Official_portrait_of_Rt_Hon_John_McDonnell_MP_crop_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Official_portrait_of_Rt_Hon_John_McDonnell_MP_crop_2.jpg/440px-Official_portrait_of_Rt_Hon_John_McDonnell_MP_crop_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Official portrait, 2021</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer" title="Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer">Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />13 September 2015 – 5 April 2020</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Leader</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn">Jeremy Corbyn</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chris_Leslie" title="Chris Leslie">Chris Leslie</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Anneliese_Dodds" title="Anneliese Dodds">Anneliese Dodds</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Greater_London_Council" title="Greater London Council">Deputy Leader of the Greater London Council</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />7 May 1984 – 7 May 1985</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Leader</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ken_Livingstone" title="Ken Livingstone">Ken Livingstone</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Illtyd_Harrington" title="Illtyd Harrington">Illtyd Harrington</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Ward_(British_politician)" title="Michael Ward (British politician)">Michael Ward</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Greater_London_Council" title="Greater London Council">Chair of the Finance and General Purposes committee</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />11 May 1982 – 21 May 1985</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Leader</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ken_Livingstone" title="Ken Livingstone">Ken Livingstone</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Dr Anthony Hart</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Alex Mackay</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)">Member of Parliament</a><br />for <a href="/wiki/Hayes_and_Harlington_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Hayes and Harlington (UK Parliament constituency)">Hayes and Harlington</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><b><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Assumed office</b></span> <br />1 May 1997</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Terry_Dicks" title="Terry Dicks">Terry Dicks</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Majority</th><td class="infobox-data">12,031 (31.4%)</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Greater_London_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of the Greater London Council">Member of the Greater London Council</a><br />for <a href="/wiki/Hayes,_Hillingdon" title="Hayes, Hillingdon">Hayes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harlington,_London" title="Harlington, London">Harlington</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />7 May 1981 – 31 March 1986</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Arthur H. S. Hull</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Office abolished</i></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">John Martin McDonnell</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1951-09-08</span>) </span>8 September 1951<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 73)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lancashire" title="Lancashire">Lancashire</a>, England</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other political<br />affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a> (1981–2024; suspended and whip withdrawn)<br /><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Campaign_Group" title="Socialist Campaign Group">Socialist Campaign Group</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Marilyn Jean Cooper</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1971; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1987)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Cynthia Marie Pinto</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1995)<wbr /></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Great_Yarmouth_Grammar_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Yarmouth Grammar School">Great Yarmouth Grammar School</a><br /><a href="/wiki/St_Joseph%27s_College,_Ipswich" title="St Joseph's College, Ipswich">St Joseph's College, Ipswich</a><br />Burnley Technical College<sup id="cite_ref-BBC2015_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC2015-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Brunel_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Brunel University">Brunel University</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Birkbeck,_University_of_London" title="Birkbeck, University of London">Birkbeck, University of London</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_McDonnell_signature.png" class="mw-file-description" title="John McDonnell's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d8/John_McDonnell_signature.png/128px-John_McDonnell_signature.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d8/John_McDonnell_signature.png/192px-John_McDonnell_signature.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d8/John_McDonnell_signature.png/256px-John_McDonnell_signature.png 2x" data-file-width="294" data-file-height="137" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.john-mcdonnell.net/">Official website</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-left listen noprint listen-embedded listen-noimage listen-center"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:John_McDonnell_addresses_crowd_at_TWT.ogg" title="File:John McDonnell addresses crowd at TWT.ogg">John McDonnell's voice</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="215" style="width:215px;" data-durationhint="120" data-mwtitle="John_McDonnell_addresses_crowd_at_TWT.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/John_McDonnell_addresses_crowd_at_TWT.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5e/John_McDonnell_addresses_crowd_at_TWT.ogg/John_McDonnell_addresses_crowd_at_TWT.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">McDonnell addresses the crowd at <a href="/wiki/The_World_Transformed" title="The World Transformed">The World Transformed</a><br />Recorded 28 September 2017</div></div></div></div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Category:Politics" title="Category:Politics">Politics series</a></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="border-top:1px #fafafa solid; border-bottom:1px #fafafa solid; background:#efefef; background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Republicanism" title="Republicanism">Republicanism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)">Concepts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abolition_of_monarchy" title="Abolition of monarchy">Anti-monarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-corruption" title="Anti-corruption">Anti-corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_society" title="Civil society">Civil society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civic_virtue" title="Civic virtue">Civic virtue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consent_of_the_governed" title="Consent of the governed">Consent of the governed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy" title="Democracy">Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratization" title="Democratization">Democratization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty#Republican_liberty" title="Liberty">Liberty as non-domination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_government" title="Mixed government">Mixed government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_representation" title="Political representation">Political representation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_sovereignty" title="Popular sovereignty">Popular sovereignty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_participation_(decision_making)" title="Public participation (decision making)">Public participation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic" title="Republic">Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Res_publica" title="Res publica">Res publica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rule_of_law" title="Rule of law">Rule of law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-governance" title="Self-governance">Self-governance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separation_of_powers" title="Separation of powers">Separation of powers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_contract" title="Social contract">Social contract</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_equality" title="Social equality">Social equality</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)">Schools</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classical_republicanism" title="Classical republicanism">Classical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_republicanism" title="Modern republicanism">Modern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_republicanism" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal republicanism">Federal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemalism" title="Kemalism">Kemalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khomeinism" title="Khomeinism">Khomeinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasserism" title="Nasserism">Nasserism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism#Neo-republicanism" title="Republicanism">Neo-republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venizelism" title="Venizelism">Venizelism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)">Types</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_republic" title="Autonomous republic">Autonomous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitalist_republic" title="Capitalist republic">Capitalist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_republic" title="Christian republic">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_republic" title="Democratic republic">Democratic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_republic" title="Federal republic">Federal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_parliamentary_republic" title="Federal parliamentary republic">Federal parliamentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_empire" title="Republican empire">Imperial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_republic" title="Islamic republic">Islamic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_republic" title="Parliamentary republic">Parliamentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_republic" title="People's republic">People's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_republic" title="Revolutionary republic">Revolutionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secular_republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Secular republic">Secular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sister_republic" title="Sister republic">Sister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_republic" title="Soviet republic">Soviet</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)">Philosophers</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hannah_Arendt" title="Hannah Arendt">Arendt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Baggini" title="Julian Baggini">Baggini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Bello" title="Andrés Bello">Bello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Bentham" title="Jeremy Bentham">Bentham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Bodin" title="Jean Bodin">Bodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Cattaneo" title="Carlo Cattaneo">Cattaneo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophie_Grace_Chappell" title="Sophie Grace Chappell">Chappell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero">Cicero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquis_de_Condorcet" title="Marquis de Condorcet">Condorcet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Crick" title="Bernard Crick">Crick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Harrington_(author)" title="James Harrington (author)">Harrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Honderich" title="Ted Honderich">Honderich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Kant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Locke" title="John Locke">Locke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli">Machiavelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Mazzini" title="Giuseppe Mazzini">Mazzini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Stuart_Mill" title="John Stuart Mill">Mill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montesquieu" title="Montesquieu">Montesquieu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Paine" title="Thomas Paine">Paine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Pettit" title="Philip Pettit">Pettit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polybius" title="Polybius">Polybius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau" title="Jean-Jacques Rousseau">Rousseau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Sandel" title="Michael Sandel">Sandel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algernon_Sidney" title="Algernon Sidney">Sidney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cass_Sunstein" title="Cass Sunstein">Sunstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexis_de_Tocqueville" title="Alexis de Tocqueville">Tocqueville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Warburton" title="Nigel Warburton">Warburton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Wollstonecraft" title="Mary Wollstonecraft">Wollstonecraft</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)">Politicians</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gerry_Adams" title="Gerry Adams">Adams (Gerry)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">Adams (John)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Kemal_Atat%C3%BCrk" title="Mustafa Kemal Atatürk">Atatürk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Aza%C3%B1a" title="Manuel Azaña">Azaña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Bartley" title="Jonathan Bartley">Bartley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Benn" title="Tony Benn">Benn (Tony)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natalie_Bennett" title="Natalie Bennett">Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mhairi_Black" title="Mhairi Black">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sim%C3%B3n_Bol%C3%ADvar" title="Simón Bolívar">Bolívar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Burgon" title="Richard Burgon">Burgon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronnie_Campbell" title="Ronnie Campbell">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maggie_Chapman" title="Maggie Chapman">Chapman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katy_Clark" title="Katy Clark">Clark (Katy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Clarke_(Irish_republican)" title="Tom Clarke (Irish republican)">Clarke (Tom)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Connolly" title="James Connolly">Connolly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Cromwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Davidson_(Scottish_politician)" title="Ian Davidson (Scottish politician)">Davidson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Drakeford" title="Mark Drakeford">Drakeford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Etherington" title="Bill Etherington">Etherington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_Fabiani" title="Linda Fabiani">Fabiani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Ferguson_(politician)" title="Mark Ferguson (politician)">Ferguson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Flynn_(politician)" title="Paul Flynn (politician)">Flynn (Paul)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Flynn" title="Stephen Flynn">Flynn (Stephen)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Galloway" title="George Galloway">Galloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Gambetta" title="Léon Gambetta">Gambetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Garibaldi" title="Giuseppe Garibaldi">Garibaldi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">de Gaulle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross_Greer" title="Ross Greer">Greer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jules_Gr%C3%A9vy" title="Jules Grévy">Grévy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nia_Griffith" title="Nia Griffith">Griffith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Griffiths_(Welsh_politician)" title="John Griffiths (Welsh politician)">Griffiths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Harvie" title="Patrick Harvie">Harvie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derek_Hatton" title="Derek Hatton">Hatton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_H%C3%A9bert" title="Jacques Hébert">Hébert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelvin_Hopkins" title="Kelvin Hopkins">Hopkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Huppert" title="Julian Huppert">Huppert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhun_ap_Iorwerth" title="Rhun ap Iorwerth">Iorwerth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenda_Jackson" title="Glenda Jackson">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Jay" title="John Jay">Jay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elin_Jones" title="Elin Jones">Jones (Elin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynne_Jones" title="Lynne Jones">Jones (Lynne)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benito_Ju%C3%A1rez" title="Benito Juárez">Juárez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosie_Kane" title="Rosie Kane">Kane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruhollah_Khomeini" title="Ruhollah Khomeini">Khomeini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugo_La_Malfa" title="Ugo La Malfa">La Malfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clive_Lewis_(politician)" title="Clive Lewis (politician)">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Lucas" title="Caroline Lucas">Lucas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gillian_Mackay" title="Gillian Mackay">Mackay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lyon_Mackenzie" title="William Lyon Mackenzie">Mackenzie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magid_Magid" title="Magid Magid">Magid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_McKechin" title="Ann McKechin">McKechin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Mullin_(politician)" title="Chris Mullin (politician)">Mullin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Naysmith" title="Doug Naysmith">Naysmith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethel_Mannin" title="Ethel Mannin">Mannin</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">McDonnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Nandy" title="Lisa Nandy">Nandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru" title="Jawaharlal Nehru">Nehru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Pound" title="Stephen Pound">Pound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Prescott" title="John Prescott">Prescott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Ritchie" title="Ken Ritchie">Ritchie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilien_Robespierre" title="Maximilien Robespierre">Robespierre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethan_Sayed" title="Bethan Sayed">Sayed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Skates" title="Ken Skates">Skates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Skinner" title="Dennis Skinner">Skinner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorna_Slater" title="Lorna Slater">Slater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Slaughter" title="Andy Slaughter">Slaughter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_Smith" title="Cat Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini">Spadolini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Yat-sen" title="Sun Yat-sen">Sun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Taverne" title="Dick Taverne">Taverne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleftherios_Venizelos" title="Eleftherios Venizelos">Venizelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Wilson_(Scottish_politician)" title="Bill Wilson (Scottish politician)">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leanne_Wood" title="Leanne Wood">Wood</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)">Theoretical works</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Republic_(Plato)" title="Republic (Plato)">Republic</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(c. 375 BC)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/De_re_publica" title="De re publica">De re publica</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(54–51 BC)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Discourses_on_Livy" title="Discourses on Livy">Discourses on Livy</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1531)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tenure_of_Kings_and_Magistrates" title="The Tenure of Kings and Magistrates">The Tenure of Kings and Magistrates</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1649)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Commonwealth_of_Oceana" title="The Commonwealth of Oceana">The Commonwealth of Oceana</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1656)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Discourses_Concerning_Government" title="Discourses Concerning Government">Discourses Concerning Government</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1698)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Spirit_of_Law" title="The Spirit of Law">The Spirit of Law</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1748)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Discourse_on_Inequality" title="Discourse on Inequality">Discourse on Inequality</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1755)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Social_Contract" title="The Social Contract">The Social Contract</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1762)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Federalist_Papers" title="The Federalist Papers">The Federalist Papers</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1787–1788)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rights_of_Man" title="Rights of Man">Rights of Man</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1791)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Perpetual_Peace:_A_Philosophical_Sketch" title="Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch">Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1794)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Democracy_in_America" title="Democracy in America">Democracy in America</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1835–1840)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/On_Revolution" title="On Revolution">On Revolution</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1963)</span></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)">History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ga%E1%B9%87asa%E1%B9%85gha" title="Gaṇasaṅgha"><span title="Sanskrit-language romanization"><i lang="sa-Latn">Gaṇasaṅgha</i></span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Athens" title="Classical Athens">Classical Athens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Republic of Venice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Genoa" title="Republic of Genoa">Republic of Genoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Florence" title="Republic of Florence">Republic of Florence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Republic" title="Dutch Republic">Dutch Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_American_wars_of_independence" title="Spanish American wars of independence">Spanish American wars of independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trienio_Liberal" title="Trienio Liberal">Trienio Liberal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Revolution_of_1848" title="French Revolution of 1848">French Revolution of 1848</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_October_1910_revolution" title="5 October 1910 revolution">5 October 1910 revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1911_Revolution" title="1911 Revolution">Chinese Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Revolution" title="Russian Revolution">Russian Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Revolution_of_1918%E2%80%931919" class="mw-redirect" title="German Revolution of 1918–1919">German Revolution of 1918–1919</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_War_of_Independence" title="Turkish War of Independence">Turkish War of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Revolution_of_1921" title="Mongolian Revolution of 1921">Mongolian Revolution of 1921</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11_September_1922_Revolution" title="11 September 1922 Revolution">11 September 1922 Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1935_Greek_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_attempt" class="mw-redirect" title="1935 Greek coup d'état attempt">1935 Greek coup d'état attempt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_Italian_institutional_referendum" title="1946 Italian institutional referendum">1946 Italian institutional referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Egyptian_revolution" title="1952 Egyptian revolution">1952 Egyptian revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/14_July_Revolution" title="14 July Revolution">14 July Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Yemen_Civil_War" title="North Yemen Civil War">North Yemen Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanzibar_Revolution" title="Zanzibar Revolution">Zanzibar Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_Libyan_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" class="mw-redirect" title="1969 Libyan coup d'état">1969 Libyan coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_Cambodian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1970 Cambodian coup d'état">1970 Cambodian coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metapolitefsi" title="Metapolitefsi">Metapolitefsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian Revolution">Iranian Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_Fijian_coups_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1987 Fijian coups d'état">1987 Fijian coups d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_Civil_War" title="Nepalese Civil War">Nepalese Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_Barbados" title="Republicanism in Barbados">Barbadian Republic Proclamation</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)">National variants</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Republicanism in Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_Australia" title="Republicanism in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_the_Bahamas" title="Republicanism in the Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_Barbados" title="Republicanism in Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_Canada" title="Republicanism in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_republicanism" title="Irish republicanism">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_Jamaica" title="Republicanism in Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-monarchism_in_Japan" title="Anti-monarchism in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_Morocco" title="Republicanism in Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_the_Netherlands" title="Republicanism in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_New_Zealand" title="Republicanism in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_Norway" title="Republicanism in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_Spain" title="Republicanism in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_Sweden" title="Republicanism in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Republicanism in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_republicanism" title="Scottish republicanism">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_republicanism" title="Welsh republicanism">Wales</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_the_United_States" title="Republicanism in the United States">United States</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classical_radicalism" title="Classical radicalism">Classical radicalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_good" title="Common good">Common good</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communitarianism" title="Communitarianism">Communitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_monarchy" title="Criticism of monarchy">Criticism of monarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egalitarianism" title="Egalitarianism">Egalitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Emperor%27s_New_Clothes" title="The Emperor's New Clothes">The Emperor's New Clothes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacobin_(politics)" title="Jacobin (politics)">Jacobinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism" title="Liberalism">Liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_republics" title="List of republics">List of republics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchism" title="Monarchism">Monarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peasant_republic" title="Peasant republic">Peasant republic</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Primus_inter_pares" title="Primus inter pares">Primus inter pares</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_without_republicans" title="Republic without republicans">Republic without republicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_empire" title="Republican empire">Republican empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Republican Party (disambiguation)">Republican Party</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="background:#efefef;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/16px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/24px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/32px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Republicanism_sidebar" title="Template:Republicanism sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Republicanism_sidebar" title="Template talk:Republicanism sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Republicanism_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Republicanism sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>John Martin McDonnell</b> (born 8 September 1951) is a British politician who served as <a href="/wiki/Shadow_Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer" title="Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer">Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer</a> from 2015 to 2020. He has been the <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)">Member of Parliament</a> (MP) for <a href="/wiki/Hayes_and_Harlington_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Hayes and Harlington (UK Parliament constituency)">Hayes and Harlington</a> since <a href="/wiki/1997_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1997 United Kingdom general election">1997</a>, representing the <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a> until the <a href="/wiki/Whip_(politics)" title="Whip (politics)">whip</a> was withdrawn and his suspension on 23 July 2024 as a result of voting to scrap the <a href="/wiki/Two_child_benefit_cap" class="mw-redirect" title="Two child benefit cap">two child benefit cap</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the political left, McDonnell is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Campaign_Group" title="Socialist Campaign Group">Socialist Campaign Group</a>. </p><p>He stood for the position of <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Leader of the Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party leader</a> following <a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Tony Blair</a>'s resignation in <a href="/wiki/2007_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2007 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">2007</a>, but failed to reach the required number of nominations.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was a candidate for the party leadership again in <a href="/wiki/2010_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2010 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">2010</a> following <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Brown" title="Gordon Brown">Gordon Brown</a>'s resignation after Labour's <a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2010 United Kingdom general election">electoral defeat</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-mirror1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mirror1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but withdrew in favour of <a href="/wiki/Diane_Abbott" title="Diane Abbott">Diane Abbott</a>, feeling that he would be unable to secure enough nominations.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alongside <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn">Jeremy Corbyn</a>, McDonnell has been seen as a major figure on the left-wing of the party.<sup id="cite_ref-Hall_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hall-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After being elected Labour leader in <a href="/wiki/2015_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2015 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">2015</a>, Corbyn appointed McDonnell to his <a href="/wiki/Shadow_Cabinet_of_Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Shadow Cabinet of Jeremy Corbyn">Shadow Cabinet</a> as <a href="/wiki/Shadow_Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer" title="Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer">Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer</a>. As Shadow Chancellor, McDonnell pledged to increase spending on infrastructure and research, describing his vision for the economy as "socialism with an <a href="/wiki/IPad" title="IPad">iPad</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>McDonnell was born in <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a> to a family with an <a href="/wiki/Irish_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Catholic">Irish Catholic</a> background.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His father, Bob, was a docker who also served as a sergeant in the <a href="/wiki/Sherwood_Foresters" title="Sherwood Foresters">Sherwood Foresters</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, whilst his mother Elsie worked as a cleaner.<sup id="cite_ref-MaguirePro_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MaguirePro-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He moved with his family to his mother's hometown, <a href="/wiki/Great_Yarmouth" title="Great Yarmouth">Great Yarmouth</a> in <a href="/wiki/Norfolk" title="Norfolk">Norfolk</a>, when he was very young as his father was unable to find work at the docks; his father became a bus driver and was a branch secretary of the <a href="/wiki/Transport_and_General_Workers%27_Union" title="Transport and General Workers' Union">Transport and General Workers' Union</a><sup id="cite_ref-BBC2015_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC2015-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bennett_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bennett-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and his mother worked for <a href="/wiki/British_Home_Stores" title="British Home Stores">British Home Stores</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MaguirePro_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MaguirePro-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McDonnell attended <a href="/wiki/Great_Yarmouth_Charter_Academy" title="Great Yarmouth Charter Academy">Great Yarmouth Grammar School</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McDonnell received a Local Authority grant to attend <a href="/wiki/St_Joseph%27s_College,_Ipswich" title="St Joseph's College, Ipswich">St Joseph's College, Ipswich</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholic</a> boarding fee-paying <a href="/wiki/Independent_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent school">independent school</a> for boys (now co-educational). "<sup id="cite_ref-MaguirePro_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MaguirePro-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McDonnell is now irreligious, but refers to himself as a "<a href="/wiki/Cultural_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Cultural Catholic">cultural Catholic</a>" and is a regular churchgoer.<sup id="cite_ref-MaguirePro_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MaguirePro-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>McDonnell failed his <a href="/wiki/GCE_Advanced_Level_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="GCE Advanced Level (United Kingdom)">A-levels</a> at grammar school, partly due to holding down part-time jobs in bars and a <a href="/wiki/Bingo_hall" class="mw-redirect" title="Bingo hall">bingo hall</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MaguirePro_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MaguirePro-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Upon leaving education, McDonnell held a series of unskilled jobs. After marrying his first wife, he returned to A-level studies at night school at <a href="/wiki/Burnley" title="Burnley">Burnley</a> <a href="/wiki/Technical_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Technical College">Technical College</a>, and at the age of 23, he moved to <a href="/wiki/Hayes,_Hillingdon" title="Hayes, Hillingdon">Hayes</a> in Greater London, attended <a href="/wiki/Brunel_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Brunel University">Brunel University</a>, and earned a bachelor's degree in government and politics.<sup id="cite_ref-Brunel_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brunel-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBC_News_Profile_2001_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_News_Profile_2001-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this period, he helped his wife run a small children's home in Hayes, and was active on behalf of his local community and for <a href="/wiki/National_Union_of_Public_Employees" title="National Union of Public Employees">National Union of Public Employees</a>. After completing his master's degree in politics and sociology at <a href="/wiki/Birkbeck,_University_of_London" title="Birkbeck, University of London">Birkbeck, University of London</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_News_Profile_2001_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_News_Profile_2001-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he became a researcher and official with the <a href="/wiki/National_Union_of_Mineworkers_(Great_Britain)" title="National Union of Mineworkers (Great Britain)">National Union of Mineworkers</a> from 1977 to 1978, and later the <a href="/wiki/Trades_Union_Congress" title="Trades Union Congress">Trades Union Congress</a> from 1978 until 1982. From 1985 to 1987, McDonnell was head of the policy unit at <a href="/wiki/Camden_Borough_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Camden Borough Council">Camden Borough Council</a>, then chief executive of the Association of London Authorities from 1987 to 1995, and the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_London_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Association of London Government">Association of London Government</a> from 1995 until 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Greater_London_Council_(1981–1986)"><span id="Greater_London_Council_.281981.E2.80.931986.29"></span>Greater London Council (1981–1986)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Greater London Council (1981–1986)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1981, McDonnell was elected to the <a href="/wiki/Greater_London_Council" title="Greater London Council">Greater London Council</a> (GLC) as the member for <a href="/wiki/Hayes_and_Harlington_(electoral_division)" title="Hayes and Harlington (electoral division)">Hayes and Harlington</a>. He became the GLC's chair of finance and deputy leader to <a href="/wiki/Ken_Livingstone" title="Ken Livingstone">Ken Livingstone</a>, who described him as having an "absolute grasp for detail and every year he produced a balanced budget, no borrowing". He was sacked by Livingstone in 1985 over the <a href="/wiki/Rate-capping_rebellion" title="Rate-capping rebellion">strategy to oppose rate-capping</a>—<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a>'s government had capped council rates (now called council tax), an action which the GLC had claimed, based on figures calculated by McDonnell, would lead to £135 million in cuts. However, Livingstone claimed in his autobiography to have found that the authority could actually still increase spending and cap the rates; Livingstone said that McDonnell had 'exaggerated' spending figures to support his case that the GLC had to ignore the rates cap, and that he confronted McDonnell, saying "If these figures are right we're going to look like the biggest fucking liars since <a href="/wiki/Goebbels" class="mw-redirect" title="Goebbels">Goebbels</a>." McDonnell described Livingstone's account as "complete fiction".<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In an interview with <a href="/wiki/Ronan_Bennett" title="Ronan Bennett">Ronan Bennett</a> for <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i> newspaper, McDonnell described his role during this time as being "to translate policies into concrete realities on the ground." He further discussed his performance by indicating, "I was a fairly hard-nosed administrator. We set in train policies for which we were attacked from all sides but are now accepted as mainstream: large-scale investment in public services; raising the issue of Ireland and arguing for a dialogue for peace; equal opportunities; police accountability. We set up a women's committee, an ethnic minorities committee."<sup id="cite_ref-Bennett_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bennett-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="After_the_GLC_(1986–1997)"><span id="After_the_GLC_.281986.E2.80.931997.29"></span>After the GLC (1986–1997)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: After the GLC (1986–1997)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following the abolition of the GLC in 1986, McDonnell was employed as head of the policy unit at <a href="/wiki/Camden_London_Borough_Council" title="Camden London Borough Council">Camden London Borough Council</a>. In 1987, he became Chief Executive of the Association of London Authorities (eventually the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_London_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Association of London Government">Association of London Government</a>), where he represented all the <a href="/wiki/London_boroughs" title="London boroughs">London boroughs</a> in their relations with central government and Europe. Having previously unsuccessfully contested <a href="/wiki/Hampstead_and_Highgate" class="mw-redirect" title="Hampstead and Highgate">Hampstead and Highgate</a> in <a href="/wiki/1983_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1983 United Kingdom general election">1983</a>, McDonnell fought for his home constituency of Hayes and Harlington at the <a href="/wiki/1992_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1992 United Kingdom general election">1992 general election</a>, but lost by 53 votes, after three recounts, to the <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> incumbent, <a href="/wiki/Terry_Dicks" title="Terry Dicks">Terry Dicks</a>. During the campaign, Dicks sued for <a href="/wiki/Libel" class="mw-redirect" title="Libel">libel</a> over critical material in McDonnell's campaign leaflets; McDonnell settled and paid Dicks damages of £15,000 plus legal costs of £55,000.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McDonnell would later refer to Dicks as a 'stain' on the character of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a> and a stain on the Conservative Party, and a 'malignant creature' during his maiden parliamentary speech.<sup id="cite_ref-api.parliament.uk_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-api.parliament.uk-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parliamentary_backbencher_(1997–2015)"><span id="Parliamentary_backbencher_.281997.E2.80.932015.29"></span>Parliamentary backbencher (1997–2015)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Parliamentary backbencher (1997–2015)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When <a href="/wiki/Terry_Dicks" title="Terry Dicks">Terry Dicks</a> then stood down, McDonnell became the MP for Hayes and Harlington at the <a href="/wiki/1997_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1997 United Kingdom general election">1997 general election</a>, with 62 per cent of the vote and a majority of over 14,000. He made his <a href="/wiki/Maiden_speech" title="Maiden speech">maiden speech</a> in the House of Commons on 6 June 1997, where he notably launched a scathing attack against his predecessor, against parliamentary tradition.<sup id="cite_ref-api.parliament.uk_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-api.parliament.uk-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has been involved in several local community campaigns, including one opposing the expansion of <a href="/wiki/Heathrow_Airport" title="Heathrow Airport">Heathrow Airport</a> and its impact on local communities. He opposed <a href="/wiki/New_Labour" title="New Labour">New Labour</a> policies of the <a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War</a>, <a href="/wiki/Foundation_hospitals" class="mw-redirect" title="Foundation hospitals">foundation hospitals</a>, student <a href="/wiki/Top-up_fees" class="mw-redirect" title="Top-up fees">top-up fees</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trust_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Trust school">trust schools</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anti-terror_laws" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-terror laws">anti-terror laws</a>. When Ken Livingstone was elected <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_London" title="Mayor of London">Mayor of London</a>, as an independent in 2000, he appointed McDonnell to his cabinet with responsibility for local government in London.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iraq_War">Iraq War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Iraq War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> McDonnell voted against the <a href="/wiki/2003_Iraq_War" class="mw-redirect" title="2003 Iraq War">2003 Iraq War</a>, stating in 2007:<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>I have used every opportunity to oppose the government's alliance with <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George Bush</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Iraq_(2003%E2%80%932011)" title="Occupation of Iraq (2003–2011)">US-led military occupation of Iraq</a> which has resulted in the deaths of over 655,000, caused untold human suffering, put at risk the territorial integrity of Iraq, destabilised the entire region, alienated our own Muslim communities and given a huge boost to international terrorism – just as we warned it would.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote><p> In October 2006, McDonnell was one of 12 Labour MPs to back <a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">Scottish National Party</a>'s call for a <a href="/wiki/Iraq_Inquiry" title="Iraq Inquiry">parliamentary inquiry into the war in Iraq</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Irish_Republican_Army">Irish Republican Army</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Irish Republican Army"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> In May 2003, he made controversial comments about the <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Provisional Irish Republican Army">Provisional Irish Republican Army</a> (IRA), saying:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>It's about time we started honouring those people involved in the <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army_campaign" title="Provisional Irish Republican Army campaign">armed struggle</a>. It was the bombs and bullets and sacrifice made by the likes of <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Sands" title="Bobby Sands">Bobby Sands</a> that brought Britain to the negotiating table. The peace we have now is due to the action of the IRA.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote><p> Threatened with expulsion from the Labour Party, he went on to offer a rationale for his comments in an article written for <i>The Guardian</i> in June 2003 ("Expulsion would be an odd reward for telling hard truths"), stating:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Let me be clear, I abhor the killing of innocent human beings. My argument was that republicans had the right to honour those who had brought about this process of negotiation which had led to peace. Having achieved this central objective now it was time to move on. The future for achieving the nationalists' goals is through the political process and in particular through the Northern Ireland Assembly elections ... Irish republicans have to face the fact that the use of violence has resulted in unforgivable atrocities. No cause is worth the loss of a child's life. No amount of political theory will justify what has been perpetrated on the victims of the bombing campaigns.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>According to a report in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i> published in November 2015, McDonnell had made similar comments at a Labour Committee on Ireland meeting in 1985, before the start of the Northern Ireland peace process. The <i>Deptford Mercury</i> asserted at the time that McDonnell had suggested there was a role for "the ballot, the bullet and the bomb" in achieving a United Ireland, and joked about "<a href="/wiki/Kneecapping" title="Kneecapping">kneecapping</a>" the "gutless wimp" Labour councillors who had declined to join the meeting.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2015, McDonnell apologised on the BBC television programme <i><a href="/wiki/Question_Time_(TV_programme)" title="Question Time (TV programme)">Question Time</a></i> for any offence caused by his remarks on the IRA. He said that his remarks in 2003 had been an attempt to persuade republicans to support the peace process and to afford the IRA the opportunity to disarm without humiliation stating: "There was a real risk of the Republican movement splitting and some of them continuing the armed process."<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In his study at Hayes, McDonnell has a plaque presented to him by <a href="/wiki/Gerry_Kelly" title="Gerry Kelly">Gerry Kelly</a> dedicated to the "H-Block Martyrs 1981", referring to those who died during the <a href="/wiki/1981_Irish_hunger_strike" title="1981 Irish hunger strike">1981 Irish hunger strike</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A spokesman for McDonnell said the plaque "merely commemorates the peaceful protest in prison, not the prior actions of those involved".<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Groups_and_campaigns_in_Parliament">Groups and campaigns in Parliament</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Groups and campaigns in Parliament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>McDonnell is a leading member of several all-party groups within Parliament, including groups representing individual trade unions, such as the <a href="/wiki/Public_and_Commercial_Services_Union" title="Public and Commercial Services Union">Public and Commercial Services Union</a> (PCS), the <a href="/wiki/National_Union_of_Rail,_Maritime_and_Transport_Workers" class="mw-redirect" title="National Union of Rail, Maritime and Transport Workers">National Union of Rail, Maritime and Transport Workers</a> (RMT), the <a href="/wiki/Fire_Brigades_Union" title="Fire Brigades Union">Fire Brigades Union</a> (FBU), the <a href="/wiki/National_Union_of_Journalists" title="National Union of Journalists">National Union of Journalists</a> (NUJ) and justice unions such as <a href="/wiki/Napo_(trade_union)" title="Napo (trade union)">NAPO</a>. He is also a leading member of groups on a wide range of issues such as Britain's Irish community, the <a href="/wiki/Punjabi_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Punjabi people">Punjabi</a> community, <a href="/wiki/Endometriosis" title="Endometriosis">endometriosis</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a>. McDonnell is a member of the Labour Land Campaign, which advocates introducing a <a href="/wiki/Land_value_tax" title="Land value tax">land value tax</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>McDonnell chairs the <a href="/wiki/Labour_Representation_Committee_(2004)" title="Labour Representation Committee (2004)">Labour Representation Committee</a> (LRC), a left-wing group of Labour activists, local parties, trade unions and MPs that campaigns for the adoption of a raft of socialist policies by the Labour Government. The group was founded on Saturday, 3 July 2004, and currently<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (April 2021)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> has more than 800 members and 90 affiliates. He also chairs the Public Services Not Private Profit, an anti-privatisation campaign that brings together sixteen trade unions and several campaigning organisations, such as the <a href="/wiki/World_Development_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="World Development Movement">World Development Movement</a>, Defend Council Housing and the <a href="/wiki/National_Pensioners_Convention" title="National Pensioners Convention">National Pensioners Convention</a>. An <a href="/wiki/Early_day_motion" title="Early day motion">early day motion</a> in support of the campaign attracted more than ninety MPs.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The campaign held a mass rally and lobby of Parliament on 27 June 2006, which was attended by more than 2,000 trade unionists.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economic_policy">Economic policy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Economic policy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2006, McDonnell said that "<a href="/wiki/Marx" class="mw-redirect" title="Marx">Marx</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lenin" class="mw-redirect" title="Lenin">Lenin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trotsky" class="mw-redirect" title="Trotsky">Trotsky</a>" were his "most significant" intellectual influences.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Footage emerged of McDonnell in 2013 talking about the <a href="/wiki/Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%932008" class="mw-redirect" title="Financial crisis of 2007–2008">financial crisis of 2007–2008</a> and stating, "I've been waiting for this for a generation! We've got to demand systemic change. Look, I'm straight, I'm honest with people: I'm a <a href="/wiki/Marxist" class="mw-redirect" title="Marxist">Marxist</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-marxist1_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marxist1-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was accused of celebrating the financial crisis of 2007–2008; McDonnell denied the allegation and claimed he was "joking".<sup id="cite_ref-marxist1_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marxist1-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During an interview with <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Marr" title="Andrew Marr">Andrew Marr</a> when the footage was played and McDonnell was asked, "Are you a Marxist?", he replied: "I believe there's a lot to learn from reading <i><a href="/wiki/Capital:_Critique_of_Political_Economy" class="mw-redirect" title="Capital: Critique of Political Economy">Kapital</a></i>, yes of course there is, and that's been recommended not just by me but many others, mainstream economists as well."<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2018, McDonnell attended the Marx 200 conference, where he said, "Marxism is about the freedom of spirit, the development of life chances, the enhancement of democracy."<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019, McDonnell stated during an interview that Marx's <i>Kapital</i> is "one of the important analyses of the modern capitalist system".<sup id="cite_ref-capitalism1_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-capitalism1-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Public_services">Public services</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Public services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>McDonnell has consistently opposed the privatisation of public services and chaired the Public Services not Private Profit Campaign launched in 2006 and supported by sixteen trade unions linking up with students, pensioners, health campaigners and the <a href="/wiki/World_Development_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="World Development Movement">World Development Movement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> McDonnell is "not supportive of PFI schemes",<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> declaring that he has "opposed every PFI scheme that was proposed".<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2006, during the parliamentary debate on the <a href="/wiki/Budget_resolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Budget resolution">Budget Resolutions</a>, McDonnell warned against <a href="/wiki/Public%E2%80%93private_partnership" title="Public–private partnership">public-private finance initiatives</a> (PFIs), calling for an inquiry:</p><blockquote><p>There are numerous examples. I refer hon. Members to the work of Alison Pollock<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and to the publications by <a href="/wiki/Unison_(trade_union)" title="Unison (trade union)">Unison</a> in recent months, which contain example after example in the public services, health and education where PFI has been used to exploit the public purse, has failed to deliver and has delivered large bonuses and profits to individual company directors. That is why I regret that the Chancellor is going along that line. I would welcome a Government inquiry into PFI, which would probably echo the work done by the <a href="/wiki/Public_Accounts_Committee_(United_Kingdom)" title="Public Accounts Committee (United Kingdom)">Public Accounts Committee</a> on individual PFI schemes, which has demonstrated their lack of deliverability and cost effectiveness.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tax_transparency">Tax transparency</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Tax transparency"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Throughout his time in Parliament, McDonnell has championed the cause of tax justice, hosting the launch of the <a href="/wiki/Tax_Justice_Network" title="Tax Justice Network">Tax Justice Network</a> in 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> In 2002, McDonnell worked with William Campbell-Taylor and Maurice Glasman, who challenged a bill concerned with the City of London Corporation in relation to alleged tax avoidance:</p><blockquote><p>Apart from a couple of brave, independent-minded Labour MPs, notably John McDonnell, nobody supported Glasman and Campbell-Taylor to challenge the bill. Such is the fear that the corporation inspires in parliament.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bank_regulations">Bank regulations</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Bank regulations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> During the 2011 Budget Resolutions, McDonnell highlighted his long-term consistent work calling for better regulation of the banking and finance sector:</p><blockquote><p>We seem to forget that the cause of that crisis was the cause of this crisis—speculation by the banks and other speculators and, yes, a Government who failed to regulate. I have to say, however, that when a number of Members called for bank regulation in this House, there was an element of quietude on all sides. I remember fighting for four years, in almost a solitary capacity, to secure the passage of the City of London (Ward Elections) Bill at a time when we were pressing for regulation.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Anti-austerity">Anti-austerity</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Anti-austerity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In February 2013, McDonnell was among those who supported the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Assembly_Against_Austerity" title="People's Assembly Against Austerity">People's Assembly Against Austerity</a> in a letter published by <i>The Guardian</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Heathrow_Airport_expansion">Heathrow Airport expansion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Heathrow Airport expansion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_McDonnell_Grow_Heathrow_at_Court-4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/John_McDonnell_Grow_Heathrow_at_Court-4.jpg/220px-John_McDonnell_Grow_Heathrow_at_Court-4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/John_McDonnell_Grow_Heathrow_at_Court-4.jpg/330px-John_McDonnell_Grow_Heathrow_at_Court-4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/John_McDonnell_Grow_Heathrow_at_Court-4.jpg/440px-John_McDonnell_Grow_Heathrow_at_Court-4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="1292" /></a><figcaption>McDonnell with opponents of the Heathrow Airport expansion outside Central London County Court, 2012</figcaption></figure> <p>McDonnell has been a vocal opponent of plans to <a href="/wiki/Expansion_of_Heathrow_Airport" title="Expansion of Heathrow Airport">expand Heathrow Airport</a> with a third runway—the proposed site lies within his constituency. During a debate on the expansion of the airport on 15 January 2009, he was <a href="/wiki/Suspension_from_the_UK_parliament" title="Suspension from the UK parliament">suspended</a> for five days by Deputy Speaker <a href="/wiki/Alan_Haselhurst" class="mw-redirect" title="Alan Haselhurst">Alan Haselhurst</a> after disrupting Commons proceedings. McDonnell picked up the <a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_mace" title="Ceremonial mace">ceremonial mace</a> and placed it down on an empty bench in the Commons while shouting that the lack of a vote on the third runway was "a disgrace to the democracy of this country."<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Armed_police_and_MI5">Armed police and MI5</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Armed police and MI5"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2015, McDonnell's name appeared on a letter calling for armed police and <a href="/wiki/MI5" title="MI5">MI5</a> to be disbanded. He claimed that he had not signed the letter, which was produced by the Socialist Campaign for a Labour Victory (SCLV), but he was photographed holding a copy of the letter, although he later said that he did not know that the demand was on the letter.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2007_Labour_leadership_campaign">2007 Labour leadership campaign</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: 2007 Labour leadership campaign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2007_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2007 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">2007 Labour Party leadership election (UK)</a></div> <p>On 14 July 2006, McDonnell announced his intention to stand for leadership of the Labour Party when <a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Tony Blair</a> announced the date of his resignation. He called for "a challenge to the present political consensus", and, "a real Labour government based upon the policies that our supporters expect from us". McDonnell said he would like to see a return to the <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a>'s more traditional areas. </p><p>Initially, McDonnell and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Meacher" title="Michael Meacher">Michael Meacher</a> were the two candidates representing the left wing of the party. McDonnell's campaign concentrated on grassroots efforts, which earned him an endorsement from the <a href="/wiki/Trades_Union_Congress" title="Trades Union Congress">Trades Union Congress</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a <a href="/wiki/YouGov" title="YouGov">YouGov</a> opinion poll of more than 1,100 Labour Party members asking their preferred choice in the leadership contest, McDonnell received 9% support, and was ranked second to <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer" title="Chancellor of the Exchequer">Chancellor</a> Gordon Brown, who led with 80% of the vote.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Declared supporters included <a href="/wiki/Diane_Abbott" title="Diane Abbott">Diane Abbott</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tony_Benn" title="Tony Benn">Tony Benn</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ann_Cryer" title="Ann Cryer">Ann Cryer</a>. In total, eleven Labour MPs declared their support on McDonnell's campaign website.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Labour Party rules require candidates to be nominated by 12.5% of Labour MPs (45 out of a total of 355 in 2007). Gordon Brown received 313 (88.2%) nominations, while McDonnell failed to collect the 45 nominations required to proceed to the Electoral College. As the only nominated candidate, Gordon Brown was declared leader by the NEC. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2010_Labour_leadership_campaign">2010 Labour leadership campaign</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: 2010 Labour leadership campaign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2010_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2010 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">2010 Labour Party leadership election (UK)</a></div> <p>On 18 May 2010, news broke that McDonnell wanted to stand in the Labour Party leadership election, to be held following the resignation of Gordon Brown, and would announce it the following day at the <a href="/wiki/Public_and_Commercial_Services_Union" title="Public and Commercial Services Union">Public and Commercial Services Union</a> conference in Brighton. McDonnell noted that it would be "difficult" to get the 33 nominations needed from the <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Labour_Party" title="Parliamentary Labour Party">Parliamentary Labour Party</a> required to stand in the election.<sup id="cite_ref-mirror1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mirror1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During a hustings for the <a href="/wiki/GMB_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="GMB Union">GMB Union</a> on 7 June, McDonnell was asked what single act he would do to improve the world if he could travel back to the 1980s. His off-the-cuff reply was that "I was on the GLC that Mrs. Thatcher abolished, I worked for the NUM and we had the NUM strike, I think I would assassinate Thatcher."<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Conservative MP <a href="/wiki/Conor_Burns" title="Conor Burns">Conor Burns</a> told the BBC that "[it was] very distasteful" and "a very silly remark". McDonnell told the BBC: "I'm sorry if I have caused offence to anyone. It was a joke and in that audience it was taken as a joke ... it was taken out of context, I can see if people are upset about that and if I have caused offence to anyone of course I apologise."<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBCDP_8June2010_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCDP_8June2010-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 9 June 2010, the deadline for nominations, he had secured only 16 nominations and withdrew from the contest.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Shadow_Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer_(2015–2020)"><span id="Shadow_Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer_.282015.E2.80.932020.29"></span>Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer (2015–2020)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer (2015–2020)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jeremy_Corbyn_and_John_McDonnell,_2016_Labour_Party_Conference.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Jeremy_Corbyn_and_John_McDonnell%2C_2016_Labour_Party_Conference.jpg/220px-Jeremy_Corbyn_and_John_McDonnell%2C_2016_Labour_Party_Conference.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Jeremy_Corbyn_and_John_McDonnell%2C_2016_Labour_Party_Conference.jpg/330px-Jeremy_Corbyn_and_John_McDonnell%2C_2016_Labour_Party_Conference.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Jeremy_Corbyn_and_John_McDonnell%2C_2016_Labour_Party_Conference.jpg/440px-Jeremy_Corbyn_and_John_McDonnell%2C_2016_Labour_Party_Conference.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2678" data-file-height="2678" /></a><figcaption>McDonnell after giving his 2016 Labour Party Conference speech, with Labour leader <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn">Jeremy Corbyn</a></figcaption></figure> <p>McDonnell was one of the thirty-six Labour MPs to nominate <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn">Jeremy Corbyn</a> (who was elected as Labour leader with 59.5% of the vote) as a candidate in the <a href="/wiki/2015_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2015 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">Labour leadership election of 2015</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McDonnell managed Corbyn's leadership campaign, and he was appointed Shadow Chancellor in September 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> In an article in <i>The Guardian</i> in the previous month, he set out the economic principles that a Corbyn government would follow:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Let me make it absolutely clear that Labour under Jeremy Corbyn is committed to eliminating the deficit and creating an economy in which we live within our means. ... We accept that cuts in public spending will help eliminate the deficit, but our cuts won't be to the middle-and low-income earners and certainly not to the poor ... alongside deficit elimination, the Corbyn campaign is advocating a fundamental reform of our economic system. This will include the introduction of an effective regulatory regime for our banks and financial sector; a full-blown <a href="/wiki/Glass-Steagall" class="mw-redirect" title="Glass-Steagall">Glass-Steagall</a> system to separate day-to-day and investment banking; legislation to replace short-term shareholder value with long-term sustainable economic and social responsibilities as the prime objective of companies; radical reform of the failed auditing regime; the extension of a wider range of forms of company and enterprise ownership and control including public, <a href="/wiki/Co-operative" class="mw-redirect" title="Co-operative">co-operative</a> and stakeholder ownership; and the introduction of a financial transactions tax to fund the rebalancing of our economy towards production and manufacturing.<sup id="cite_ref-Comment_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Comment-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>McDonnell's first speech as Shadow Chancellor was at the 2015 Labour Party conference in <a href="/wiki/Brighton" title="Brighton">Brighton</a>. In the speech, he set out Labour's thinking and priorities in key areas, as well as encouraging Labour MPs who had refused to serve under Corbyn to return.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He surprised many by calling upon Labour MPs to back <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> Chancellor <a href="/wiki/George_Osborne" title="George Osborne">George Osborne</a>'s Fiscal Charter, arguing that supporting the proposed deficit reduction framework showed Labour's commitment to "living within their means."<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, he reversed that call in October, citing his trip to visit former steelworkers at a recently closed plant in <a href="/wiki/Redcar" title="Redcar">Redcar</a> as the reason for not wanting to be associated with supporting government cuts.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McDonnell repeated the word "embarrassing" five times in his Commons response to the U-turn,<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> adding that "a bit of humility amongst politicians never goes amiss".<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a November speech ahead of Osborne's Spending Review, McDonnell pledged that a Labour government would spend 3.5% of GDP on infrastructure and fund research through an Innovation Policy Council, describing his vision for the economy as "socialism with an <a href="/wiki/IPad" title="IPad">iPad</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>McDonnell has explored ideas surrounding "alternative models of ownership", publishing a report on the subject in June 2017 and hosting a discussion conference in London in February 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The report sets out the "practicality and necessity of a shift to a variety of alternative forms of ownership and control of productive enterprises, including co-operatives, municipal and locally-led ownership forms, and ... new democratic forms of national ownership".<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During his response to the 2015 <a href="/wiki/Autumn_Statement" class="mw-redirect" title="Autumn Statement">Autumn Statement</a> in which he accused <a href="/wiki/George_Osborne" title="George Osborne">George Osborne</a> of "sheer economic illiteracy", McDonnell highlighted that the government was "selling off at least £5 billion worth of our own assets" to foreign investors, emphasising <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To make this point he quoted from a copy of Chairman <a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Little_Red_Book" class="mw-redirect" title="Little Red Book">Little Red Book</a></i> and then threw it across the despatch box towards the Conservative front bench. A clearly amused Osborne responded by quipping that it was McDonnell's own signed copy.<sup id="cite_ref-Telegraph-12016384_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Telegraph-12016384-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Guardian_2015-11-25_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian_2015-11-25-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 29 September 2016, he was appointed to the <a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Privy Council of the United Kingdom">Privy Council of the United Kingdom</a> and may therefore use the title <i><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Honourable" title="The Right Honourable">The Right Honourable</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Parliamentary_Launch_of_the_British_Sikh_Report_2018_with_the_Rt_Hon_John_McDonnell_MP.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Parliamentary_Launch_of_the_British_Sikh_Report_2018_with_the_Rt_Hon_John_McDonnell_MP.jpg/220px-Parliamentary_Launch_of_the_British_Sikh_Report_2018_with_the_Rt_Hon_John_McDonnell_MP.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Parliamentary_Launch_of_the_British_Sikh_Report_2018_with_the_Rt_Hon_John_McDonnell_MP.jpg/330px-Parliamentary_Launch_of_the_British_Sikh_Report_2018_with_the_Rt_Hon_John_McDonnell_MP.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Parliamentary_Launch_of_the_British_Sikh_Report_2018_with_the_Rt_Hon_John_McDonnell_MP.jpg/440px-Parliamentary_Launch_of_the_British_Sikh_Report_2018_with_the_Rt_Hon_John_McDonnell_MP.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2098" data-file-height="1399" /></a><figcaption>McDonnell with members of the <a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Sikhism in the United Kingdom">British Sikh</a> community in April 2018</figcaption></figure> <p>In the aftermath of the <a href="/wiki/Grenfell_Tower_fire" title="Grenfell Tower fire">Grenfell Tower fire</a>, McDonnell said those who died in it were "murdered" by political decisions, arguing "The decision to close fire stations and to cut 10,000 fire fighters and then to freeze their pay for over a decade contributed to those deaths inevitably".<sup id="cite_ref-bbcgrenfell_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbcgrenfell-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The use of the word "murder" was questioned by some of his colleagues as well as the Conservative Party, with <a href="/wiki/Jim_Fitzpatrick_(politician)" title="Jim Fitzpatrick (politician)">Jim Fitzpatrick</a>, leader of the All-Party Parliamentary Group on Fire Safety suggesting it was "premature" to draw conclusions about what caused the deaths.<sup id="cite_ref-bbcgrenfell_79-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbcgrenfell-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>McDonnell said that Grenfell "symbolised for many everything that's gone wrong in this country since austerity was imposed upon us" and used it to highlight pay cuts across the public sector, arguing that Conservatives praise the emergency services "every time there's a tragedy" while cutting jobs and wages.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>McDonnell sparked controversy when he joked that Conservative politician <a href="/wiki/Esther_McVey" title="Esther McVey">Esther McVey</a> should be <a href="/wiki/Lynched" class="mw-redirect" title="Lynched">lynched</a> and described her as a "stain on humanity."<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He said that he was quoting a constituent speaking at a public meeting convened to oppose McVey's policies on benefits and did not endorse the sentiment.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_of_Commons" title="Leader of the House of Commons">Leader of the House of Commons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Leadsom" title="Andrea Leadsom">Andrea Leadsom</a>, called the remark "truly evil."<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2017, McDonnell said: "I will be the first socialist Labour Chancellor".<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McDonnell in his <i>Who’s Who</i> entry posted one of his hobbies as "fermenting [sic] the overthrow of capitalism".<sup id="cite_ref-capitalism1_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-capitalism1-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2018, McDonnell said that he "wants to "overthrow capitalism" and replace it with a "socialist society"". He also said Venezuela's economic problems were because it was no longer a socialist country.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view#Due_and_undue_weight" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view"><span title="The material near this tag may be giving undue weight to a viewpoint or idea. (July 2024)">undue weight?</span></a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:John_McDonnell#undue" title="Talk:John McDonnell">discuss</a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In September 2018, McDonnell said he would only back a second referendum on the European Union if the option to remain is not present.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also agreed with shadow international trade secretary Barry Gardiner, when he suggested a second referendum could lead to social unrest.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2019, McDonnell sparked controversy when he referred to the former Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a> as a "villain." Writing on Twitter, <a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Boris Johnson</a> said: "JM should be utterly ashamed of his remarks and withdraw them forthwith."<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During a comprehensive interview conducted by former Labour Party member <a href="/wiki/Alastair_Campbell" title="Alastair Campbell">Alastair Campbell</a> for British <i><a href="/wiki/GQ" title="GQ">GQ</a></i> in October 2019, McDonnell stated his disapproval of the former's expulsion from the party and indicated he would support his return. He also expressed his own view that the next party leader should be female, and that the party should employ <a href="/wiki/Positive_discrimination" class="mw-redirect" title="Positive discrimination">positive discrimination</a> to aid that prospect if Jeremy Corbyn were to lose the next general election. When asked to name any current <a href="/wiki/Tory" title="Tory">Tory</a> politician whom he respected, he declined, subsequently stating that he "can't forgive any of them". Campbell followed up by asking the same question about any historic Tories, to which McDonnell replied "No".<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Upon the election of <a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Keir Starmer</a> as <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Leader of the Labour Party (UK)">Leader of the Labour Party</a>, McDonnell stood down as Shadow Chancellor and was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Anneliese_Dodds" title="Anneliese Dodds">Anneliese Dodds</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Return_to_the_backbenches_(2020–present)"><span id="Return_to_the_backbenches_.282020.E2.80.93present.29"></span>Return to the backbenches (2020–present)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Return to the backbenches (2020–present)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In February 2020, McDonnell met with <a href="/wiki/Julian_Assange" title="Julian Assange">Julian Assange</a> at <a href="/wiki/HM_Prison_Belmarsh" title="HM Prison Belmarsh">HM Prison Belmarsh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He ran a campaign to pass a motion supporting <a href="/wiki/Proportional_representation" title="Proportional representation">proportional representation</a> at the 2022 Labour Party conference after it failed in 2021 due to a lack of trade union support.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 24 February 2022, following the <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>, McDonnell was one of 11 Labour MPs threatened with losing the party whip after they signed a statement by the <a href="/wiki/Stop_the_War_Coalition" title="Stop the War Coalition">Stop the War Coalition</a> which questioned the legitimacy of <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> and accused the military alliance of "eastward expansion". All 11 MPs subsequently removed their signatures.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McDonnell subsequently joined calls led by the Ukraine Solidarity Campaign for increased arms supplies to Ukraine and criticized those on the left who opposed it.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2023, he criticised <a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Keir Starmer</a> for allowing members from the party's right wing to become "drunk with power". This came after members of the Labour left had been barred from running as Labour candidates at the next general election and some left wing sitting MPs such as <a href="/wiki/Ian_Byrne" title="Ian Byrne">Ian Byrne</a> were forced to face re-selection by their local constituency parties. It also followed the October 2021 suspension of Jeremy Corbyn from the Labour whip.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2024, McDonnell campaigned on and voted for the scrapping of the <a href="/wiki/Two_child_benefit_cap" class="mw-redirect" title="Two child benefit cap">two child benefit cap</a> which he opposed in 2015 when it was introduced under the Conservatives, defying the Labour whip.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was one of seven Labour MP's who voted in favour of a SNP motion to scrap the rule and as a result had the whip suspended for six months.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_views">Political views</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Political views"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>McDonnell belongs to the left-wing of the British Labour Party and is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Campaign_Group" title="Socialist Campaign Group">Socialist Campaign Group</a>, a left-wing <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_caucus" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary caucus">parliamentary caucus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hall_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hall-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>McDonnell opposed the <a href="/wiki/2003_invasion_of_Iraq" title="2003 invasion of Iraq">2003 invasion of Iraq</a> and subsequent <a href="/wiki/Iraq_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Iraq war">Iraq war</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> When asked if he was a <a href="/wiki/Marxist" class="mw-redirect" title="Marxist">Marxist</a> in an <a href="/wiki/LBC" title="LBC">LBC</a> interview with <a href="/wiki/Iain_Dale" title="Iain Dale">Iain Dale</a>, McDonnell replied: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>“I describe myself as a <a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">socialist</a>. I think I'm in the tradition of the <a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Attlee</a> government”.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>McDonnell has two daughters from his first marriage, which ended in 1985,<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a son<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from his second marriage to Cynthia Pinto in 1995.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_News_Profile_2001_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_News_Profile_2001-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, McDonnell suffered a heart attack and was forced to take time off work.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While raised as a <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholic</a> and attending a <a href="/wiki/Minor_seminary" title="Minor seminary">minor seminary</a>, McDonnell now identifies as an <a href="/wiki/Atheist" class="mw-redirect" title="Atheist">atheist</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite this McDonnell still respects the Church and acknowledges that he owes a "debt" to it for shaping his politics, later saying "The values of Catholicism are the inherent values of the Labour Party and the inherent values of socialism".<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Economics_for_the_Many" title="Economics for the Many">Economics for the Many</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Representation_Committee_(2004)" title="Labour Representation Committee (2004)">Labour Representation Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Campaign_Group" title="Socialist Campaign Group">Socialist Campaign Group</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-BBC2015-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BBC2015_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC2015_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-34245371">"A profile of John McDonnell – new shadow chancellor"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. BBC. 14 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=A+profile+of+John+McDonnell+%E2%80%93+new+shadow+chancellor&rft.date=2015-09-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-34245371&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://amp.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jul/23/labour-mps-vote-to-scrap-two-child-benefit-cap-in-first-rebellion-for-starmer">"Labour suspends seven rebels who voted to scrap two-child benefit cap | Labour | The Guardian"</a>. <i>amp.theguardian.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=amp.theguardian.com&rft.atitle=Labour+suspends+seven+rebels+who+voted+to+scrap+two-child+benefit+cap+%7C+Labour+%7C+The+Guardian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Famp.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2Farticle%2F2024%2Fjul%2F23%2Flabour-mps-vote-to-scrap-two-child-benefit-cap-in-first-rebellion-for-starmer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/6660565.stm">"Brown will enter No 10 unopposed"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>. 16 May 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 May</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Brown+will+enter+No+10+unopposed&rft.date=2007-05-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fuk_politics%2F6660565.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mirror1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mirror1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mirror1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/top-stories/2010/05/18/labour-mp-john-mcdonnell-to-stand-in-the-leadership-campaign-115875-22268136">"Labour MP John McDonnell to stand in the leadership campaign"</a>. <i>Daily Mirror</i>. 16 May 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daily+Mirror&rft.atitle=Labour+MP+John+McDonnell+to+stand+in+the+leadership+campaign&rft.date=2010-05-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mirror.co.uk%2Fnews%2Ftop-stories%2F2010%2F05%2F18%2Flabour-mp-john-mcdonnell-to-stand-in-the-leadership-campaign-115875-22268136&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcDonnell2010" class="citation web cs1">McDonnell, John (9 June 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://l-r-c.org.uk/news/story/john-mcdonnell-im-withdrawing-from-labour-leadership-race">"I'm withdrawing from Labour leadership race"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Labour_Representation_Committee_(2004)" title="Labour Representation Committee (2004)">Labour Representation Committee</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=I%27m+withdrawing+from+Labour+leadership+race&rft.pub=Labour+Representation+Committee&rft.date=2010-06-09&rft.aulast=McDonnell&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fl-r-c.org.uk%2Fnews%2Fstory%2Fjohn-mcdonnell-im-withdrawing-from-labour-leadership-race&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hall-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hall_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hall_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHall2011" class="citation book cs1">Hall, Duncan (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KPhwAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA45"><i>A2 Government and Politics: Ideologies and Ideologies in Action</i></a>. Lulu.com. pp. 45–46. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4477-3399-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4477-3399-7"><bdi>978-1-4477-3399-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A2+Government+and+Politics%3A+Ideologies+and+Ideologies+in+Action&rft.pages=45-46&rft.pub=Lulu.com&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-4477-3399-7&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Duncan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKPhwAwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA45&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This reference citation appears to be to a self-published source. (April 2020)">self-published source</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-34877475">"Labour wants 'socialism with an iPad' says McDonnell"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Labour+wants+%27socialism+with+an+iPad%27+says+McDonnell&rft.date=2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-34877475&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=joo4w_BwEJs">"Video"</a>. <i>www.youtube.com</i>. 11 October 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.youtube.com&rft.atitle=Video&rft.date=2019-10-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Djoo4w_BwEJs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MaguirePro-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MaguirePro_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MaguirePro_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MaguirePro_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MaguirePro_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MaguirePro_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaguire2018" class="citation news cs1">Maguire, Kevin (18 September 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/magazine/john-mcdonnell-socialist-kevin-maguire-profile">"John McDonnell, the self-made socialist"</a>. <i>Prospect Magazine</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Prospect+Magazine&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell%2C+the+self-made+socialist&rft.date=2018-09-18&rft.aulast=Maguire&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.prospectmagazine.co.uk%2Fmagazine%2Fjohn-mcdonnell-socialist-kevin-maguire-profile&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bennett-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bennett_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bennett_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBennett2006" class="citation news cs1">Bennett, Ronan (26 September 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2006/sep/26/labourleadership.labour">"Honest John"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Honest+John&rft.date=2006-09-26&rft.aulast=Bennett&rft.aufirst=Ronan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2006%2Fsep%2F26%2Flabourleadership.labour&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDickson2016" class="citation web cs1">Dickson, Annabelle (18 December 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180925044413/http://www.greatyarmouthmercury.co.uk/news/shadow-chancellor-shares-memories-of-growing-up-in-great-yarmouth-1-4820510">"Shadow chancellor shares memories of growing up in Great Yarmouth"</a>. <i>Great Yarmouth Mercury</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.greatyarmouthmercury.co.uk/news/shadow-chancellor-shares-memories-of-growing-up-in-great-yarmouth-1-4820510">the original</a> on 25 September 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Great+Yarmouth+Mercury&rft.atitle=Shadow+chancellor+shares+memories+of+growing+up+in+Great+Yarmouth&rft.date=2016-12-18&rft.aulast=Dickson&rft.aufirst=Annabelle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.greatyarmouthmercury.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fshadow-chancellor-shares-memories-of-growing-up-in-great-yarmouth-1-4820510&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180626111758/https://www.stjos.co.uk/senior/prospectus/senior-prospectus-pdf/">"Senior Prospectus"</a>. <i>St Joseph's College</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stjos.co.uk/senior/prospectus/senior-prospectus-pdf/">the original</a> on 26 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=St+Joseph%27s+College&rft.atitle=Senior+Prospectus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stjos.co.uk%2Fsenior%2Fprospectus%2Fsenior-prospectus-pdf%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brunel-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Brunel_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brunel.ac.uk/courses/undergraduate/politics-and-history-bsc">"Politics and History BSc"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Brunel_University_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Brunel University London">Brunel University London</a>. 14 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Politics+and+History+BSc&rft.pub=Brunel+University+London&rft.date=2015-09-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brunel.ac.uk%2Fcourses%2Fundergraduate%2Fpolitics-and-history-bsc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC_News_Profile_2001-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_News_Profile_2001_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_News_Profile_2001_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_News_Profile_2001_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/vote2001/candidates/candidates/3/30804.stm">"Candidate: John McDonnell"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Candidate%3A+John+McDonnell&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fhi%2Fenglish%2Fstatic%2Fvote2001%2Fcandidates%2Fcandidates%2F3%2F30804.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bbk.ac.uk/polsoc/">"Department of Politics"</a>. Bbk.ac.uk<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Department+of+Politics&rft.pub=Bbk.ac.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbk.ac.uk%2Fpolsoc%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bbk.ac.uk/about-us/fellows/downloads/john-mcdonnell.pdf">"John McDonnell"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>bbk.ac.uk</i>. Birkbeck, University of London<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bbk.ac.uk&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbk.ac.uk%2Fabout-us%2Ffellows%2Fdownloads%2Fjohn-mcdonnell.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/5345644.stm">"Profile: John McDonnell"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>. 11 June 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Profile%3A+John+McDonnell&rft.date=2007-06-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fuk_politics%2F5345644.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBooth2015" class="citation news cs1">Booth, Robert (15 September 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/sep/15/john-mcdonnell-unreconstructed-on-the-left-but-with-allies-on-the-right">"John McDonnell: unreconstructed on the left, but with allies on the right"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell%3A+unreconstructed+on+the+left%2C+but+with+allies+on+the+right&rft.date=2015-09-15&rft.aulast=Booth&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk-news%2F2015%2Fsep%2F15%2Fjohn-mcdonnell-unreconstructed-on-the-left-but-with-allies-on-the-right&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPlatt1993" class="citation web cs1">Platt, Steve (12 March 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060504110127/http://www.steveplatt.net/archive/newstatesman/johnmajor/majorpaperboy.htm">"Would you sue your paper boy?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/New_Statesman" title="New Statesman">New Statesman</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.steveplatt.net/archive/newstatesman/johnmajor/majorpaperboy.htm">the original</a> on 4 May 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Statesman&rft.atitle=Would+you+sue+your+paper+boy%3F&rft.date=1993-03-12&rft.aulast=Platt&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.steveplatt.net%2Farchive%2Fnewstatesman%2Fjohnmajor%2Fmajorpaperboy.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-api.parliament.uk-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-api.parliament.uk_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-api.parliament.uk_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1997/jun/06/governance-of-london-1#1997-06-06T12:10:00Z">"Governance Of London (Hansard, 6 June 1997)"</a>. <i>api.parliament.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=api.parliament.uk&rft.atitle=Governance+Of+London+%28Hansard%2C+6+June+1997%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.parliament.uk%2Fhistoric-hansard%2Fcommons%2F1997%2Fjun%2F06%2Fgovernance-of-london-1%231997-06-06T12%3A10%3A00Z&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2000/may/23/londonmayor.uk">"Labour MP joins Livingstone's cabinet"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. 23 May 2000.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Labour+MP+joins+Livingstone%27s+cabinet&rft.date=2000-05-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2000%2Fmay%2F23%2Flondonmayor.uk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2007/feb/21/iraq.labour">"How Labour's contenders see the war"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. 21 February 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=How+Labour%27s+contenders+see+the+war&rft.date=2007-02-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2007%2Ffeb%2F21%2Firaq.labour&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/politics/6104310.stm">"Labour MPs who rebelled on Iraq"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 31 October 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 October</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Labour+MPs+who+rebelled+on+Iraq&rft.date=2006-10-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fuk_news%2Fpolitics%2F6104310.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHappold2003" class="citation news cs1">Happold, Tom (30 May 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2003/may/30/northernireland.devolution">"MP's 'brave IRA' comments spark outrage"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. London, UK<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=MP%27s+%27brave+IRA%27+comments+spark+outrage&rft.date=2003-05-30&rft.aulast=Happold&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2003%2Fmay%2F30%2Fnorthernireland.devolution&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcDonnell2003" class="citation web cs1">McDonnell, John (3 June 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2003/jun/03/northernireland.labour">"Why I stood up for Bobby Sands"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Why+I+stood+up+for+Bobby+Sands&rft.date=2003-06-03&rft.aulast=McDonnell&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2003%2Fjun%2F03%2Fnorthernireland.labour&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKennedy2015" class="citation news cs1">Kennedy, Dominic (27 November 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/politics/article4625106.ece">"McDonnell gave his backing to the IRA's bomb campaign"</a>. <i>The Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=McDonnell+gave+his+backing+to+the+IRA%27s+bomb+campaign&rft.date=2015-11-27&rft.aulast=Kennedy&rft.aufirst=Dominic&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Ftto%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Farticle4625106.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription required)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWattGayle2015" class="citation web cs1">Watt, Nicholas; Gayle, Damien (17 September 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/sep/18/john-mcdonnell-apologises-for-ira-comment-labour">"John McDonnell apologises 'from the bottom of my heart' for IRA comment"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell+apologises+%27from+the+bottom+of+my+heart%27+for+IRA+comment&rft.date=2015-09-17&rft.aulast=Watt&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft.au=Gayle%2C+Damien&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2015%2Fsep%2F18%2Fjohn-mcdonnell-apologises-for-ira-comment-labour&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/mcdonnell">"John McDonnell interview: is Britain ready for a socialist chancellor?"</a>. <i>Financial Times</i>. Archived from <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/mcdonnell">the original</a></span> on 10 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell+interview%3A+is+Britain+ready+for+a+socialist+chancellor%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fmcdonnell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politicshome.com/news/uk/constitution/northern-ireland-assembly/news/93285/john-mcdonnell-defends-plaque-honouring">"John McDonnell defends plaque honouring IRA 'martyrs' in his office"</a>. <i>PoliticsHome.com</i>. 2 March 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PoliticsHome.com&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell+defends+plaque+honouring+IRA+%27martyrs%27+in+his+office&rft.date=2018-03-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politicshome.com%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fconstitution%2Fnorthern-ireland-assembly%2Fnews%2F93285%2Fjohn-mcdonnell-defends-plaque-honouring&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYorke2018" class="citation news cs1">Yorke, Harry (2 March 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2018/03/02/john-mcdonnell-continues-display-plaque-ira-terrorists-study/">"John McDonnell continues to display a plaque to IRA terrorists in his study, it emerges"</a>. <i>The Telegraph</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell+continues+to+display+a+plaque+to+IRA+terrorists+in+his+study%2C+it+emerges&rft.date=2018-03-02&rft.aulast=Yorke&rft.aufirst=Harry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fpolitics%2F2018%2F03%2F02%2Fjohn-mcdonnell-continues-display-plaque-ira-terrorists-study%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.labourland.org/">Labour Land Campaign website</a>, labourland.org. Retrieved 21 October 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151230154230/http://www.john-mcdonnell.net/about_john_mcdonnell">"John McDonnell"</a>. <i>john-mcdonnell.net</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.john-mcdonnell.net/about_john_mcdonnell">the original</a> on 30 December 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=john-mcdonnell.net&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.john-mcdonnell.net%2Fabout_john_mcdonnell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edmi.parliament.uk/EDMi/EDMDetails.aspx?EDMID=30421&SESSION=875">"Early Day Motion"</a>. 29 March 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Early+Day+Motion&rft.date=2006-03-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedmi.parliament.uk%2FEDMi%2FEDMDetails.aspx%3FEDMID%3D30421%26SESSION%3D875&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2024">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMulholland2006" class="citation news cs1">Mulholland, Hélène (27 June 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://politics.guardian.co.uk/publicservices/story/0,,1807050,00.html">"Campaigners demand halt to privatisation"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. London<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Campaigners+demand+halt+to+privatisation&rft.date=2006-06-27&rft.aulast=Mulholland&rft.aufirst=H%C3%A9l%C3%A8ne&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpolitics.guardian.co.uk%2Fpublicservices%2Fstory%2F0%2C%2C1807050%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/june2017/2017/05/labours-manifesto-more-keynesian-marxist">"Labour's manifesto is more Keynesian than Marxist"</a>. 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Labour%27s+manifesto+is+more+Keynesian+than+Marxist&rft.date=2017&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newstatesman.com%2Fpolitics%2Fjune2017%2F2017%2F05%2Flabours-manifesto-more-keynesian-marxist&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-marxist1-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-marxist1_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-marxist1_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/john-mcdonnell-video-labour-marxist-economic-crash-jeremy-corbyn-a7309651.html">"John McDonnell: I was joking when I celebrated the 2008 economic crash"</a></span>. <i>The Independent</i>. 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220613/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/john-mcdonnell-video-labour-marxist-economic-crash-jeremy-corbyn-a7309651.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 June 2022. <q>It was a joke. I also said, The bankers have done more to undermine capitalism than any of the Socialist Worker Party's activities in the last forty years.' I think it was taken as a joke, and if you listen to the tape, people fell about laughing as a result.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell%3A+I+was+joking+when+I+celebrated+the+2008+economic+crash&rft.date=2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Fjohn-mcdonnell-video-labour-marxist-economic-crash-jeremy-corbyn-a7309651.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/05/08/marx-brothers-jeremy-corbyn-joins-john-mcdonnell-praising-communist/">"The Marx Brothers: Jeremy Corbyn joins John McDonnell in praising Communist icon's work"</a>. <i>The Daily Telegraph</i>. 8 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=The+Marx+Brothers%3A+Jeremy+Corbyn+joins+John+McDonnell+in+praising+Communist+icon%27s+work&rft.date=2017-05-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2017%2F05%2F08%2Fmarx-brothers-jeremy-corbyn-joins-john-mcdonnell-praising-communist%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/uk/2018/05/how-john-mcdonnell-leading-surprise-rebirth-british-marxism">"How John McDonnell is leading the surprise rebirth of British Marxism"</a>. 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+John+McDonnell+is+leading+the+surprise+rebirth+of+British+Marxism&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newstatesman.com%2Fpolitics%2Fuk%2F2018%2F05%2Fhow-john-mcdonnell-leading-surprise-rebirth-british-marxism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-capitalism1-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-capitalism1_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-capitalism1_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/john-mcdonnell-interview-why-capitalism-is-on-borrowed-time-623x8tz9w">"John McDonnell interview: why capitalism is on borrowed time"</a>. <i>The Times</i>. 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell+interview%3A+why+capitalism+is+on+borrowed+time&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fjohn-mcdonnell-interview-why-capitalism-is-on-borrowed-time-623x8tz9w&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180328102908/https://www.pcs.org.uk/news/news-archive/public-services-not-private-profit">"Public services not private profit"</a>. <i>Public and Commercial Services Union</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcs.org.uk/news/news-archive/public-services-not-private-profit">the original</a> on 28 March 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+and+Commercial+Services+Union&rft.atitle=Public+services+not+private+profit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcs.org.uk%2Fnews%2Fnews-archive%2Fpublic-services-not-private-profit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fbu.org.uk/circular/2006hoc0358dm/re-public-services-not-private-profit-campaign">"re: Public services not private profit campaign"</a>. <i>Fire Brigades Union</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fire+Brigades+Union&rft.atitle=re%3A+Public+services+not+private+profit+campaign&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fbu.org.uk%2Fcircular%2F2006hoc0358dm%2Fre-public-services-not-private-profit-campaign&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2024">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFidler" class="citation web cs1">Fidler, Sue. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tssa.org.uk/en/Your-union/Your-company/company-headlines.cfm/public-services-not-private-profit-1">"Public Services Not Private Profit"</a>. <i>TSSA</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TSSA&rft.atitle=Public+Services+Not+Private+Profit&rft.aulast=Fidler&rft.aufirst=Sue&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tssa.org.uk%2Fen%2FYour-union%2FYour-company%2Fcompany-headlines.cfm%2Fpublic-services-not-private-profit-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2024">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWestminster" class="citation web cs1">Westminster, Department of the Official Report (Hansard), House of Commons. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200506/cmhansrd/vo060208/halltext/60208h03.htm">"House of Commons Hansard Debates for 8 Feb 2006 (pt 3)"</a>. <i>publications.parliament.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=publications.parliament.uk&rft.atitle=House+of+Commons+Hansard+Debates+for+8+Feb+2006+%28pt+3%29&rft.aulast=Westminster&rft.aufirst=Department+of+the+Official+Report+%28Hansard%29%2C+House+of+Commons&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpublications.parliament.uk%2Fpa%2Fcm200506%2Fcmhansrd%2Fvo060208%2Fhalltext%2F60208h03.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWestminster" class="citation web cs1">Westminster, Department of the Official Report (Hansard), House of Commons. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201011/cmhansrd/cm110324/debtext/110324-0003.htm">"House of Commons Hansard Debates for 24 Mar 2011 (pt 0003)"</a>. <i>publications.parliament.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=publications.parliament.uk&rft.atitle=House+of+Commons+Hansard+Debates+for+24+Mar+2011+%28pt+0003%29&rft.aulast=Westminster&rft.aufirst=Department+of+the+Official+Report+%28Hansard%29%2C+House+of+Commons&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpublications.parliament.uk%2Fpa%2Fcm201011%2Fcmhansrd%2Fcm110324%2Fdebtext%2F110324-0003.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/profile/allysonpollock">"Allyson Pollock"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Allyson+Pollock&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fprofile%2Fallysonpollock&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWestminster" class="citation web cs1">Westminster, Department of the Official Report (Hansard), House of Commons. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200506/cmhansrd/vo060322/debtext/60322-22.htm">"House of Commons Hansard Debates for 22 Mar 2006 (pt 22)"</a>. <i>publications.parliament.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=publications.parliament.uk&rft.atitle=House+of+Commons+Hansard+Debates+for+22+Mar+2006+%28pt+22%29&rft.aulast=Westminster&rft.aufirst=Department+of+the+Official+Report+%28Hansard%29%2C+House+of+Commons&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpublications.parliament.uk%2Fpa%2Fcm200506%2Fcmhansrd%2Fvo060322%2Fdebtext%2F60322-22.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bccconference.co.uk/speakers/john-mcdonnell-mp/">"Rt Hon John McDonnell MP – BCC Conference 2018"</a>. <i>www.bccconference.co.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bccconference.co.uk&rft.atitle=Rt+Hon+John+McDonnell+MP+%E2%80%93+BCC+Conference+2018&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bccconference.co.uk%2Fspeakers%2Fjohn-mcdonnell-mp%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newstatesman.com/economy/2011/02/london-corporation-city">"The tax haven in the heart of Britain"</a>. <i>newstatesman</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=newstatesman&rft.atitle=The+tax+haven+in+the+heart+of+Britain&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newstatesman.com%2Feconomy%2F2011%2F02%2Flondon-corporation-city&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201011/cmhansrd/cm110324/debtext/110324-0003.htm">"House of Commons Hansard Debates for 24 Mar 2011 (pt 0003)"</a>. <i>publications.parliament.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=publications.parliament.uk&rft.atitle=House+of+Commons+Hansard+Debates+for+24+Mar+2011+%28pt+0003%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpublications.parliament.uk%2Fpa%2Fcm201011%2Fcmhansrd%2Fcm110324%2Fdebtext%2F110324-0003.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2013/feb/05/people-assembly-against-austerity">People's Assembly opening letter</a>, <i>The Guardian</i>, 5 February 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/7830937.stm">"MP suspended after mace protest"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 15 January 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=MP+suspended+after+mace+protest&rft.date=2009-01-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fuk_politics%2F7830937.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSparrow2009" class="citation news cs1">Sparrow, Andrew (15 January 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2009/jan/15/heathrow">"Labour MP suspended from Commons over Heathrow protest"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. London, UK: <a href="/wiki/Guardian_News_and_Media" class="mw-redirect" title="Guardian News and Media">Guardian News and Media</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Labour+MP+suspended+from+Commons+over+Heathrow+protest&rft.date=2009-01-15&rft.aulast=Sparrow&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2009%2Fjan%2F15%2Fheathrow&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCann2015" class="citation web cs1">McCann, Kate (19 November 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/labour/12005431/John-McDonnell-signed-letter-calling-for-MI5-and-armed-police-to-be-disbanded.html">"John McDonnell signed letter calling for MI5 and armed police to be disbanded"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2018</span> – via www.telegraph.co.uk.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+McDonnell+signed+letter+calling+for+MI5+and+armed+police+to+be+disbanded&rft.date=2015-11-19&rft.aulast=McCann&rft.aufirst=Kate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Flabour%2F12005431%2FJohn-McDonnell-signed-letter-calling-for-MI5-and-armed-police-to-be-disbanded.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMasonPerraudin2015" class="citation web cs1">Mason, Rowena; Perraudin, Frances (19 November 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/nov/19/john-mcdonnell-denies-backing-call-to-end-mi5-and-disarm-police">"John McDonnell denies backing call to end MI5 and disarm police"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell+denies+backing+call+to+end+MI5+and+disarm+police&rft.date=2015-11-19&rft.aulast=Mason&rft.aufirst=Rowena&rft.au=Perraudin%2C+Frances&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2015%2Fnov%2F19%2Fjohn-mcdonnell-denies-backing-call-to-end-mi5-and-disarm-police&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080907233203/http://www.johnmcdonnell.org.uk/latestnews/0016.html">"John McDonnell MP: Another World Is Possible"</a>. John4leader.org.uk. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.john4leader.org.uk/latestnews/0016.html">the original</a> on 7 September 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+McDonnell+MP%3A+Another+World+Is+Possible&rft.pub=John4leader.org.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.john4leader.org.uk%2Flatestnews%2F0016.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmithIsabel2007" class="citation news cs1">Smith, David; Isabel, Oakeshott (29 April 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081014081917/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article1720004.ece">"Blair under pressure as Labour faces election rout"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article1720004.ece">the original</a> on 14 October 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Blair+under+pressure+as+Labour+faces+election+rout&rft.date=2007-04-29&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Isabel%2C+Oakeshott&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesonline.co.uk%2Ftol%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Farticle1720004.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070328215354/http://www.john4leader.org.uk/endorsements.html">"John McDonnell MP: Another World Is Possible"</a>. John4leader.org.uk. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.john4leader.org.uk/endorsements.html">the original</a> on 28 March 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+McDonnell+MP%3A+Another+World+Is+Possible&rft.pub=John4leader.org.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.john4leader.org.uk%2Fendorsements.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10263076">"John McDonnell apologises for Thatcher 'joke' offence"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 8 June 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell+apologises+for+Thatcher+%27joke%27+offence&rft.date=2010-06-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2F10263076&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMulhollandStratton2010" class="citation news cs1">Mulholland, Hélène; Stratton, Allegra (7 June 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2010/jun/07/john-mcdonnell-assassinate-thatcher-joke">"John McDonnell jokes that he would have liked to have assassinated Thatcher"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell+jokes+that+he+would+have+liked+to+have+assassinated+Thatcher&rft.date=2010-06-07&rft.aulast=Mulholland&rft.aufirst=H%C3%A9l%C3%A8ne&rft.au=Stratton%2C+Allegra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2010%2Fjun%2F07%2Fjohn-mcdonnell-assassinate-thatcher-joke&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100610191401/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/politics/labour/7808953/John-McDonnell-says-he-would-like-to-assassinate-Margaret-Thatcher.html">"John McDonnell says he would like to 'assassinate' Margaret Thatcher"</a>. <i>The Daily Telegraph</i>. London, UK. 7 June 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/politics/labour/7808953/John-McDonnell-says-he-would-like-to-assassinate-Margaret-Thatcher.html">the original</a> on 10 June 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell+says+he+would+like+to+%27assassinate%27+Margaret+Thatcher&rft.date=2010-06-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fnewstopics%2Fpolitics%2Flabour%2F7808953%2FJohn-McDonnell-says-he-would-like-to-assassinate-Margaret-Thatcher.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBCDP_8June2010-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BBCDP_8June2010_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/the_daily_politics/8728299.stm">"BBC Daily Politics"</a>. 8 June 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=BBC+Daily+Politics&rft.date=2010-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fprogrammes%2Fthe_daily_politics%2F8728299.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://l-r-c.org.uk/news/story/john-mcdonnell-im-withdrawing-from-labour-leadership-race">"John McDonnell: I'm withdrawing from Labour leadership race 9th June 2010"</a>. L-r-c.org.uk<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+McDonnell%3A+I%27m+withdrawing+from+Labour+leadership+race+9th+June+2010&rft.pub=L-r-c.org.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fl-r-c.org.uk%2Fnews%2Fstory%2Fjohn-mcdonnell-im-withdrawing-from-labour-leadership-race&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2015/06/who-nominated-who-2015-labour-leadership-election">"Who nominated who for the 2015 Labour leadership election?"</a>. <i>New Statesman</i>. 8 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Statesman&rft.atitle=Who+nominated+who+for+the+2015+Labour+leadership+election%3F&rft.date=2021-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newstatesman.com%2Fpolitics%2F2015%2F06%2Fwho-nominated-who-2015-labour-leadership-election&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMasonWintour2015" class="citation news cs1">Mason, Rowena; Wintour, Patrick (13 September 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/sep/13/jeremy-corbyn-shadow-cabinet-andy-burnham-labour">"John McDonnell appointed shadow chancellor in Corbyn's new frontbench"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. London, UK<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell+appointed+shadow+chancellor+in+Corbyn%27s+new+frontbench&rft.date=2015-09-13&rft.aulast=Mason&rft.aufirst=Rowena&rft.au=Wintour%2C+Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2015%2Fsep%2F13%2Fjeremy-corbyn-shadow-cabinet-andy-burnham-labour&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Comment-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Comment_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcDonnell2015" class="citation news cs1">McDonnell, John (11 August 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/aug/11/jeremy-corbyn-close-deficit-poor-labour-economy">"Jeremy Corbyn would clear the deficit – but not by hitting the poor"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Jeremy+Corbyn+would+clear+the+deficit+%E2%80%93+but+not+by+hitting+the+poor&rft.date=2015-08-11&rft.aulast=McDonnell&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fcommentisfree%2F2015%2Faug%2F11%2Fjeremy-corbyn-close-deficit-poor-labour-economy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-34378290">"Labour's John McDonnell: Another world is possible"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 28 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Labour%27s+John+McDonnell%3A+Another+world+is+possible&rft.date=2015-09-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-34378290&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/sep/25/john-mcdonnell-labour-will-match-osborne-and-live-within-our-means">"John McDonnell: Labour will match Osborne and live within our means"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. 25 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell%3A+Labour+will+match+Osborne+and+live+within+our+means&rft.date=2015-09-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2015%2Fsep%2F25%2Fjohn-mcdonnell-labour-will-match-osborne-and-live-within-our-means&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/oct/13/john-mcdonnell-says-fiscal-charter-u-turn-due-to-meeting-redcar-families">"McDonnell says fiscal charter U-turn due to meeting Redcar families"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. 13 October 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=McDonnell+says+fiscal+charter+U-turn+due+to+meeting+Redcar+families&rft.date=2015-10-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2015%2Foct%2F13%2Fjohn-mcdonnell-says-fiscal-charter-u-turn-due-to-meeting-redcar-families&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeacon2015" class="citation news cs1">Deacon, Michael (14 October 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/labour/11932423/Embarrassing-Embarrassing-Embarrassing-Labours-John-McDonnell-sums-up-his-own-U-turn.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Embarrassing! Embarrassing! Embarrassing!' Labour's John McDonnell sums up his own U-turn"</a>. <i>The Daily Telegraph</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=%27Embarrassing%21+Embarrassing%21+Embarrassing%21%27+Labour%27s+John+McDonnell+sums+up+his+own+U-turn&rft.date=2015-10-14&rft.aulast=Deacon&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Flabour%2F11932423%2FEmbarrassing-Embarrassing-Embarrassing-Labours-John-McDonnell-sums-up-his-own-U-turn.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorris2015" class="citation news cs1">Morris, Nigel (15 October 2015). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/john-mcdonnell-admits-embarrassing-u-turn-over-key-economic-policy-as-new-labour-leadership-hit-by-a6694526.html">"John McDonnell admits 'embarrassing' U-turn over key economic policy as new Labour leadership hit by first"</a></span>. <i>The Independent</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220613/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/john-mcdonnell-admits-embarrassing-u-turn-over-key-economic-policy-as-new-labour-leadership-hit-by-a6694526.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell+admits+%27embarrassing%27+U-turn+over+key+economic+policy+as+new+Labour+leadership+hit+by+first&rft.date=2015-10-15&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=Nigel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Fjohn-mcdonnell-admits-embarrassing-u-turn-over-key-economic-policy-as-new-labour-leadership-hit-by-a6694526.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWintour2015" class="citation news cs1">Wintour, Patrick (20 November 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/nov/20/john-mcdonnell-to-unveil-socialism-with-an-ipad-economic-plan">"John McDonnell to unveil 'socialism with an iPad' economic plan"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell+to+unveil+%27socialism+with+an+iPad%27+economic+plan&rft.date=2015-11-20&rft.aulast=Wintour&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2015%2Fnov%2F20%2Fjohn-mcdonnell-to-unveil-socialism-with-an-ipad-economic-plan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDathan2015" class="citation news cs1">Dathan, Matt (20 November 2015). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/john-mcdonnell-pledges-socialism-with-an-ipad-in-a-jeremy-corbyn-led-britain-a6742066.html">"John McDonnell pledges 'socialism with an iPad' in a Jeremy Corbyn-led Britain"</a></span>. <i>Independent</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220613/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/john-mcdonnell-pledges-socialism-with-an-ipad-in-a-jeremy-corbyn-led-britain-a6742066.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Independent&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell+pledges+%27socialism+with+an+iPad%27+in+a+Jeremy+Corbyn-led+Britain&rft.date=2015-11-20&rft.aulast=Dathan&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Fjohn-mcdonnell-pledges-socialism-with-an-ipad-in-a-jeremy-corbyn-led-britain-a6742066.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2018/feb/10/john-mcdonnell-says-moving-services-to-public-hands-would-cost-nothing">"John McDonnell says nationalising services would cost nothing"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. Press Association. 10 February 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell+says+nationalising+services+would+cost+nothing&rft.date=2018-02-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk-news%2F2018%2Ffeb%2F10%2Fjohn-mcdonnell-says-moving-services-to-public-hands-would-cost-nothing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsocialist.org.uk/labours-alternative-models-of-ownership-report/">"Labour's Alternative Models of Ownership Report"</a>. <i>New Socialist</i>. 11 June 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Socialist.&rft.atitle=Labour%27s+Alternative+Models+of+Ownership+Report&rft.date=2017-06-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsocialist.org.uk%2Flabours-alternative-models-of-ownership-report%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-34925962">"John McDonnell quotes Chairman Mao in Spending Review attack"</a>. <i>BBC News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell+quotes+Chairman+Mao+in+Spending+Review+attack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-34925962&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Telegraph-12016384-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Telegraph-12016384_76-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilkinson2015" class="citation news cs1">Wilkinson, Michael (25 November 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151126010819/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/autumn-statement/12016384/John-McDonnell-quotes-from-Maos-Communist-Little-Red-Book-during-Autumn-Statement-speech.html">"John McDonnell quotes from Mao's Communist Little Red Book during Autumn Statement speech"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/autumn-statement/12016384/John-McDonnell-quotes-from-Maos-Communist-Little-Red-Book-during-Autumn-Statement-speech.html">the original</a> on 26 November 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell+quotes+from+Mao%27s+Communist+Little+Red+Book+during+Autumn+Statement+speech&rft.date=2015-11-25&rft.aulast=Wilkinson&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Ffinance%2Fautumn-statement%2F12016384%2FJohn-McDonnell-quotes-from-Maos-Communist-Little-Red-Book-during-Autumn-Statement-speech.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guardian_2015-11-25-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Guardian_2015-11-25_77-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMason2015" class="citation news cs1">Mason, Rowena (25 November 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/nov/25/john-mcdonnell-mao-zedong-little-red-book-george-osborne">"John McDonnell under fire for quoting Mao Zedong in Commons"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151125221618/http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/nov/25/john-mcdonnell-mao-zedong-little-red-book-george-osborne">Archived</a> from the original on 25 November 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell+under+fire+for+quoting+Mao+Zedong+in+Commons&rft.date=2015-11-25&rft.aulast=Mason&rft.aufirst=Rowena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2015%2Fnov%2F25%2Fjohn-mcdonnell-mao-zedong-little-red-book-george-osborne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://privycouncil.independent.gov.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/List-of-Business-12-Oct-16-Part-1.pdf">"Orders of the Privy Council for October 2016"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Privy Council</i>. The Privy Council of the United Kingdom. 12 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Privy+Council&rft.atitle=Orders+of+the+Privy+Council+for+October+2016&rft.date=2016-10-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fprivycouncil.independent.gov.uk%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2016%2F10%2FList-of-Business-12-Oct-16-Part-1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbcgrenfell-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bbcgrenfell_79-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bbcgrenfell_79-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-40401314">John McDonnell: Grenfell victims 'murdered by political decisions'</a> <i><a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/jul/01/jeremy-corbyn-to-speak-at-london-anti-austerity-march">Corbyn tells anti-austerity demo he's 'determined to force new election'</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/society/2017/jul/03/damning-government-report-shows-scale-of-public-sector-pay-cuts">Damning government report shows depth of public sector pay cuts</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/john-mcdonnell-lynching-personal-abuse-jeremy-corbyn-esther-mcvey-labour-conference-a7328876.html">John McDonnell defends comments about Tory minister being 'lynched'</a>, <i>The Independent</i>, 25 September 2016</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/mcdonnells-lynching-rant-condemned-as-truly-evil-jpmmkzq5q">McDonnell’s lynching rant condemned as 'truly evil'</a> <i>The Sunday Times</i>, 15 January 2018</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/john-mcdonnell-first-socialist-labour-chancellor-corbyn-quit-inevitable-a7722271.html">"John McDonnell: 'I will be the first socialist Labour Chancellor'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a></span>. <i>The Independent</i>. 7 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220613/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/john-mcdonnell-first-socialist-labour-chancellor-corbyn-quit-inevitable-a7722271.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell%3A+%27I+will+be+the+first+socialist+Labour+Chancellor%27&rft.date=2017-05-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Fjohn-mcdonnell-first-socialist-labour-chancellor-corbyn-quit-inevitable-a7722271.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2018/05/20/labour-shadow-chancellor-john-mcdonnell-says-job-overthrow-capitalism/">Labour shadow Chancellor John McDonnell says his job is to overthrow capitalism and replace it with a 'socialist society'</a> <i>The Daily Telegraph</i>, 20 May 2018</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalkerStewartElgot2018" class="citation news cs1">Walker, Peter; Stewart, Heather; Elgot, Jessica (24 September 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2018/sep/24/mcdonnell-new-brexit-referendum-should-not-include-remain-option">"McDonnell: new Brexit referendum should not include remain option"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=McDonnell%3A+new+Brexit+referendum+should+not+include+remain+option&rft.date=2018-09-24&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.au=Stewart%2C+Heather&rft.au=Elgot%2C+Jessica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2018%2Fsep%2F24%2Fmcdonnell-new-brexit-referendum-should-not-include-remain-option&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSparrow2018" class="citation news cs1">Sparrow, Andrew (24 August 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2018/aug/24/mcdonnell-backs-claims-second-brexit-referendum-risks-social-unrest">"McDonnell backs claim second referendum on Brexit risks unrest"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=McDonnell+backs+claim+second+referendum+on+Brexit+risks+unrest&rft.date=2018-08-24&rft.aulast=Sparrow&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2018%2Faug%2F24%2Fmcdonnell-backs-claims-second-brexit-referendum-risks-social-unrest&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/winston-churchill-theresa-may-john-mcdonnell-villain-labour-tonypandy-miners-a8779111.html">"Winston Churchill: Theresa May says she has portrait of wartime PM in her study amid row over John McDonnell comments"</a></span>. <i>The Independent</i>. 15 February 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220613/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/winston-churchill-theresa-may-john-mcdonnell-villain-labour-tonypandy-miners-a8779111.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Winston+Churchill%3A+Theresa+May+says+she+has+portrait+of+wartime+PM+in+her+study+amid+row+over+John+McDonnell+comments&rft.date=2019-02-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Fwinston-churchill-theresa-may-john-mcdonnell-villain-labour-tonypandy-miners-a8779111.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=joo4w_BwEJs">"John McDonnell: Labour should have a female leader if Jeremy Corbyn loses next election | British GQ"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></i>. 11 October 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell%3A+Labour+should+have+a+female+leader+if+Jeremy+Corbyn+loses+next+election+%7C+British+GQ&rft.date=2019-10-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Djoo4w_BwEJs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_McDonnell_MP2020" class="citation web cs1">John McDonnell MP [@johnmcdonnellMP] (4 April 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/johnmcdonnellMP/status/1246373038922379264">"As I step down as Shadow Chancellor I want to thank all those party members and supporters who have sustained us through the last years with their solidarity. It's been a privilege and honour to serve our movement. Solidarity"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=As+I+step+down+as+Shadow+Chancellor+I+want+to+thank+all+those+party+members+and+supporters+who+have+sustained+us+through+the+last+years+with+their+solidarity.+It%27s+been+a+privilege+and+honour+to+serve+our+movement.+Solidarity.&rft.date=2020-04-04&rft.au=John+McDonnell+MP&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2FjohnmcdonnellMP%2Fstatus%2F1246373038922379264&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuinn2020" class="citation news cs1">Quinn, Ben (20 February 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/media/2020/feb/20/julian-assange-case-is-the-dreyfus-of-our-age-says-john-mcdonnell">"Julian Assange case is the Dreyfus of our age, says John McDonnell"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Julian+Assange+case+is+the+Dreyfus+of+our+age%2C+says+John+McDonnell&rft.date=2020-02-20&rft.aulast=Quinn&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmedia%2F2020%2Ffeb%2F20%2Fjulian-assange-case-is-the-dreyfus-of-our-age-says-john-mcdonnell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcDonnell2022" class="citation web cs1">McDonnell, John (20 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://labourlist.org/2022/04/lets-finish-what-we-started-last-autumn-and-ensure-the-labour-party-backs-pr/">"Let's finish what we started last autumn, and ensure the Labour Party backs PR"</a>. <i>LabourList</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=LabourList&rft.atitle=Let%27s+finish+what+we+started+last+autumn%2C+and+ensure+the+Labour+Party+backs+PR&rft.date=2022-04-20&rft.aulast=McDonnell&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flabourlist.org%2F2022%2F04%2Flets-finish-what-we-started-last-autumn-and-ensure-the-labour-party-backs-pr%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWearmouth2022" class="citation news cs1">Wearmouth, Rachel (24 February 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/politics/11-labour-mps-face-suspension-26323193">"11 Labour MPs threatened with suspension for signing Stop The War letter attacking NATO"</a>. <i>Mirror</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mirror&rft.atitle=11+Labour+MPs+threatened+with+suspension+for+signing+Stop+The+War+letter+attacking+NATO&rft.date=2022-02-24&rft.aulast=Wearmouth&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mirror.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2F11-labour-mps-face-suspension-26323193&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcDonnell2023" class="citation web cs1">McDonnell, John (21 February 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://labourhub.org.uk/2023/02/21/the-ukrainian-question-for-socialists/">"The Ukrainian Question for Socialists"</a>. <i>LabourHub</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=LabourHub&rft.atitle=The+Ukrainian+Question+for+Socialists&rft.date=2023-02-21&rft.aulast=McDonnell&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flabourhub.org.uk%2F2023%2F02%2F21%2Fthe-ukrainian-question-for-socialists%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ukrainesolidaritycampaign.org/2023/02/16/stand-with-ukraine-uk-solidarity-statement-and-call-for-protests-for-the-anniversary-of-russias-invasion/">"Stand with Ukraine – UK solidarity statement and call for protests for the anniversary of Russia's invasion"</a>. <i>Ukraine Solidarity Campaign</i>. 16 February 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ukraine+Solidarity+Campaign&rft.atitle=Stand+with+Ukraine+%E2%80%93+UK+solidarity+statement+and+call+for+protests+for+the+anniversary+of+Russia%27s+invasion&rft.date=2023-02-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fukrainesolidaritycampaign.org%2F2023%2F02%2F16%2Fstand-with-ukraine-uk-solidarity-statement-and-call-for-protests-for-the-anniversary-of-russias-invasion%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-66105250">"Keir Starmer's allies purging Labour left, says John McDonnell"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 4 July 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Keir+Starmer%27s+allies+purging+Labour+left%2C+says+John+McDonnell&rft.date=2023-07-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-66105250&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNeame2024" class="citation web cs1">Neame, Katie (23 July 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://labourlist.org/2024/07/labour-kings-speech-two-child-cap-snp-amendment-vote-hoyle/?amp">"MPs to vote on amendment to King's Speech calling for two-child cap be axed"</a>. <i>LabourList</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=LabourList&rft.atitle=MPs+to+vote+on+amendment+to+King%27s+Speech+calling+for+two-child+cap+be+axed&rft.date=2024-07-23&rft.aulast=Neame&rft.aufirst=Katie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flabourlist.org%2F2024%2F07%2Flabour-kings-speech-two-child-cap-snp-amendment-vote-hoyle%2F%3Famp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c978m6z3egno">"Labour suspends seven rebel MPs over two-child benefit cap"</a>. BBC News<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Labour+suspends+seven+rebel+MPs+over+two-child+benefit+cap&rft.pub=BBC+News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Farticles%2Fc978m6z3egno&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElgot" class="citation news cs1">Elgot, Jessica. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jul/23/labour-mps-vote-to-scrap-two-child-benefit-cap-in-first-rebellion-for-starmer">"Labour suspends seven rebels who voted to scrap two-child benefit cap"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Labour+suspends+seven+rebels+who+voted+to+scrap+two-child+benefit+cap&rft.aulast=Elgot&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2Farticle%2F2024%2Fjul%2F23%2Flabour-mps-vote-to-scrap-two-child-benefit-cap-in-first-rebellion-for-starmer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2007/feb/21/iraq.labour">"How Labour's contenders see the war"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. 21 February 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=How+Labour%27s+contenders+see+the+war&rft.date=2007-02-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2007%2Ffeb%2F21%2Firaq.labour&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lbc.co.uk/radio/presenters/iain-dale/iain-dale-pushes-john-mcdonnell-marxist/">"Iain Dale pushes John McDonnell on whether he is a Marxist"</a>. <i>LBC</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=LBC&rft.atitle=Iain+Dale+pushes+John+McDonnell+on+whether+he+is+a+Marxist&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lbc.co.uk%2Fradio%2Fpresenters%2Fiain-dale%2Fiain-dale-pushes-john-mcdonnell-marxist%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBennett2006" class="citation news cs1">Bennett, Ronan (26 September 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2006/sep/26/labourleadership.labour">"Honest John"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. London, UK<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Honest+John&rft.date=2006-09-26&rft.aulast=Bennett&rft.aufirst=Ronan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2006%2Fsep%2F26%2Flabourleadership.labour&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMulholland2006" class="citation news cs1">Mulholland, Hélène (14 July 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://politics.guardian.co.uk/labourleadership/story/0,,1820366,00.html">"Who is John McDonnell?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. London, UK<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 January</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Who+is+John+McDonnell%3F&rft.date=2006-07-14&rft.aulast=Mulholland&rft.aufirst=H%C3%A9l%C3%A8ne&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpolitics.guardian.co.uk%2Flabourleadership%2Fstory%2F0%2C%2C1820366%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBooth2015" class="citation news cs1">Booth, Robert (15 September 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/sep/15/john-mcdonnell-unreconstructed-on-the-left-but-with-allies-on-the-right">"John McDonnell: unreconstructed on the left, but with allies on the right"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell%3A+unreconstructed+on+the+left%2C+but+with+allies+on+the+right&rft.date=2015-09-15&rft.aulast=Booth&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk-news%2F2015%2Fsep%2F15%2Fjohn-mcdonnell-unreconstructed-on-the-left-but-with-allies-on-the-right&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetablet.co.uk/news/11399/john-mcdonnell-acknowledges-debt-to-catholicism">"John McDonnell acknowledges debt to Catholicism"</a>. <i>The Tablet</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Tablet&rft.atitle=John+McDonnell+acknowledges+debt+to+Catholicism&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetablet.co.uk%2Fnews%2F11399%2Fjohn-mcdonnell-acknowledges-debt-to-catholicism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetablet.co.uk/news/11399/john-mcdonnell-acknowledges-debt-to-catholicism">"John McDonnell acknowledges debt to Catholicism"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+McDonnell+acknowledges+debt+to+Catholicism&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetablet.co.uk%2Fnews%2F11399%2Fjohn-mcdonnell-acknowledges-debt-to-catholicism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+McDonnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/John_McDonnell" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/John McDonnell">John McDonnell</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:John_McDonnell" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:John McDonnell">John McDonnell</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.john-mcdonnell.net/">John McDonnell MP</a> <i>official constituency website</i></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parliament.uk/biographies/commons/john-mcdonnell/178">Profile</a> at <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hansard.parliament.uk/search/MemberContributions?memberId=178">Contributions in Parliament</a> at <i><a href="/wiki/Hansard" title="Hansard">Hansard</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.publicwhip.org.uk/mp.php?mpn=John_Martin_McDonnell">Voting record</a> at <a href="/wiki/Public_Whip" title="Public Whip">Public Whip</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/mp/john_martin_mcdonnell">Record in Parliament</a> at <a href="/wiki/TheyWorkForYou" title="TheyWorkForYou">TheyWorkForYou</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/johnmcdonnellMP">John McDonnell</a> on <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q694695#P2002" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930224050/http://www.epolitix.com/EN/MPWebsites/John%2BMcDonnell/">Website</a> at ePolitix</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060722113325/http://www.publicnotprivate.org.uk/">Public Services Not Private Profit</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-66105250">[1]</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Historical</dt></dl> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li>Contributions in Parliament during <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200607/cmhansrd/cmallfiles/mps/commons_hansard_1799_home.html">2006–07</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200708/cmhansrd/cmallfiles/mps/commons_hansard_1799_home.html">2007–08</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200809/cmhansrd/cmallfiles/mps/commons_hansard_1799_home.html">2008–09</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200910/cmhansrd/cmallfiles/mps/commons_hansard_1799_home.html">2009–10</a> at <i>Hansard Archives</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/mr-john-mcdonnell">Contributions in Parliament</a> at <i><a href="/wiki/Hansard" title="Hansard">Hansard 1803–2005</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061117154447/http://www.john4leader.org.uk/">John4Leader</a> <i>official 2007 Leader campaign website</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120306204241/http://www.john-mcdonnell.co.uk/">John McDonnell, Labour MP for Hayes & Harlington</a> <i>official 2010 Leader campaign website</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o6w03WO-HB8"><span class="plainlinks">John McDonnell MP, Rally Against Military Intervention in Iran and Syria, Stop The War Coalition</span></a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t0tsnObvVHg"><span class="plainlinks">John McDonnell MP – Against Islamophobia</span></a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Asuqx_Gzec"><span class="plainlinks">John McDonnell MP – Speaking at Ceasefire Now demonstration in London</span></a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parliamentlive.tv/Main/Player.aspx?meetingId=16245&st=17%3A37%3A24.8900000">Speech by John McDonnell during Modern Slavery Bill debate in the House of Commons</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Terry_Dicks" title="Terry Dicks">Terry Dicks</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)">Member of Parliament</a><br />for <a href="/wiki/Hayes_and_Harlington_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Hayes and Harlington (UK Parliament constituency)">Hayes and Harlington</a> </b><br />1997–present </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Incumbent</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Chris_Leslie" title="Chris Leslie">Chris Leslie</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Shadow_Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer" title="Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer">Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer</a> </b><br />2015–2020 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Anneliese_Dodds" title="Anneliese Dodds">Anneliese Dodds</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Independent_members_of_Parliament_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Independent_MPs_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template:Independent MPs in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Independent_MPs_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template talk:Independent MPs in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Independent_MPs_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Independent MPs in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Independent_members_of_Parliament_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Independent members of Parliament in the United Kingdom</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Elected as independents:<br /> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shockat_Adam" title="Shockat Adam">Shockat Adam</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn">Jeremy Corbyn</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alex_Easton" title="Alex Easton">Alex Easton</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Adnan_Hussain" title="Adnan Hussain">Adnan Hussain</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ayoub_Khan" title="Ayoub Khan">Ayoub Khan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Iqbal_Mohamed" title="Iqbal Mohamed">Iqbal Mohamed</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Suspended from or surrendered party whips:<br /> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Amesbury" title="Mike Amesbury">Mike Amesbury</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Apsana_Begum" title="Apsana Begum">Apsana Begum</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Burgon" title="Richard Burgon">Richard Burgon</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ian_Byrne" title="Ian Byrne">Ian Byrne</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rosie_Duffield" title="Rosie Duffield">Rosie Duffield</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Imran_Hussain_(British_politician)" title="Imran Hussain (British politician)">Imran Hussain</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Long-Bailey" title="Rebecca Long-Bailey">Rebecca Long-Bailey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">John McDonnell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Zarah_Sultana" title="Zarah Sultana">Zarah Sultana</a></span></li></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_party_and_independent_MPs_elected_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of minor party and independent MPs elected in the United Kingdom">List of minor party and independent MPs elected in the United Kingdom</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Shadow_chancellors_of_the_exchequer_of_the_United_Kingdom" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Shadow_Chancellors_of_the_Exchequer" title="Template:Shadow Chancellors of the Exchequer"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Shadow_Chancellors_of_the_Exchequer" title="Template talk:Shadow Chancellors of the Exchequer"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Shadow_Chancellors_of_the_Exchequer" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Shadow Chancellors of the Exchequer"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Shadow_chancellors_of_the_exchequer_of_the_United_Kingdom" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer" title="Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer">Shadow chancellors of the exchequer of the United Kingdom</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stanley" title="Oliver Stanley">Stanley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rab_Butler" title="Rab Butler">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Gaitskell" title="Hugh Gaitskell">Gaitskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">Callaghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reginald_Maudling" title="Reginald Maudling">Maudling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Heath" title="Edward Heath">Heath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iain_Macleod" title="Iain Macleod">Macleod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Jenkins" title="Roy Jenkins">Jenkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Healey" title="Denis Healey">Healey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Carr" title="Robert Carr">Carr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Howe" title="Geoffrey Howe">Howe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Healey" title="Denis Healey">Healey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Shore" title="Peter Shore">Shore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Hattersley" title="Roy Hattersley">Hattersley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Smith_(Labour_Party_leader)" title="John Smith (Labour Party leader)">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Brown" title="Gordon Brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Clarke" title="Kenneth Clarke">Clarke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Lilley" title="Peter Lilley">Lilley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Maude" title="Francis Maude">Maude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Portillo" title="Michael Portillo">Portillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Howard" title="Michael Howard">Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Letwin" title="Oliver Letwin">Letwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Osborne" title="George Osborne">Osborne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alistair_Darling" title="Alistair Darling">Darling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Johnson" title="Alan Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Balls" title="Ed Balls">Balls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Leslie" title="Chris Leslie">Leslie</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">McDonnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anneliese_Dodds" title="Anneliese Dodds">Dodds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Reeves" title="Rachel Reeves">Reeves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Hunt" title="Jeremy Hunt">Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Stride" title="Mel Stride">Stride</a></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="2007_Labour_Party_leadership_election" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:2007_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="Template:2007 Labour Party leadership election"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:2007_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="Template talk:2007 Labour Party leadership election"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:2007_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:2007 Labour Party leadership election"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="2007_Labour_Party_leadership_election" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/2007_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2007 Labour Party leadership election (UK)"><span style="color:white">2007 Labour Party leadership election</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;"><div>Outgoing Leader: <a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair"><span style="color:white">Tony Blair</span></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%">Winner</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Brown" title="Gordon Brown">Gordon Brown</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%">Not nominated</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">John McDonnell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;"><div><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2007_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="Timeline of the 2007 Labour Party leadership election (UK)"><span style="color:white">Timeline of the 2007 Labour Party leadership election</span></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="2010_Labour_Party_leadership_election" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:2010_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="Template:2010 Labour Party leadership election"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:2010_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="Template talk:2010 Labour Party leadership election"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:2010_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:2010 Labour Party leadership election"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="2010_Labour_Party_leadership_election" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/2010_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2010 Labour Party leadership election (UK)"><span style="color:white;">2010 Labour Party leadership election</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;"><div>Outgoing Leader: <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Brown" title="Gordon Brown"><span style="color:white;">Gordon Brown</span></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%">Winner</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Miliband" title="Ed Miliband">Ed Miliband</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%">Other nominees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diane_Abbott" title="Diane Abbott">Diane Abbott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Balls" title="Ed Balls">Ed Balls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Burnham" title="Andy Burnham">Andy Burnham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Miliband" title="David Miliband">David Miliband</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%">Not nominated</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">John McDonnell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Socialist_Campaign_Group" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Socialist_Campaign_Group" title="Template:Socialist Campaign Group"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Socialist_Campaign_Group" title="Template talk:Socialist Campaign Group"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Socialist_Campaign_Group" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Socialist Campaign Group"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Socialist_Campaign_Group" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Campaign_Group" title="Socialist Campaign Group"><span style="color:white">Socialist Campaign Group</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/East_of_England" title="East of England"><span style="color:white">East of England</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clive_Lewis_(politician)" title="Clive Lewis (politician)">Clive Lewis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/East_Midlands" title="East Midlands"><span style="color:white">East Midlands</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nadia_Whittome" title="Nadia Whittome">Nadia Whittome</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greater_London" title="Greater London"><span style="color:white">London</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diane_Abbott" title="Diane Abbott">Diane Abbott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apsana_Begum" title="Apsana Begum">Apsana Begum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawn_Butler" title="Dawn Butler">Dawn Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marsha_de_Cordova" title="Marsha de Cordova">Marsha de Cordova</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">John McDonnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Osamor" title="Kate Osamor">Kate Osamor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_Ribeiro-Addy" title="Bell Ribeiro-Addy">Bell Ribeiro-Addy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_East_England" title="North East England"><span style="color:white">North East England</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Kelly_Foy" title="Mary Kelly Foy">Mary Foy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Lavery" title="Ian Lavery">Ian Lavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_McDonald_(politician)" title="Andy McDonald (politician)">Andy McDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grahame_Morris" title="Grahame Morris">Grahame Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Osborne" title="Kate Osborne">Kate Osborne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_West_England" title="North West England"><span style="color:white">North West England</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Byrne" title="Ian Byrne">Ian Byrne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Long-Bailey" title="Rebecca Long-Bailey">Rebecca Long-Bailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Johnson_(politician)" title="Kim Johnson (politician)">Kim Johnson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_(region)" title="West Midlands (region)"><span style="color:white">West Midlands</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tahir_Ali" title="Tahir Ali">Tahir Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zarah_Sultana" title="Zarah Sultana">Zarah Sultana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yorkshire_and_the_Humber" title="Yorkshire and the Humber"><span style="color:white">Yorkshire and the Humber</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olivia_Blake" title="Olivia Blake">Olivia Blake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Burgon" title="Richard Burgon">Richard Burgon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imran_Hussain_(British_politician)" title="Imran Hussain (British politician)">Imran Hussain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachael_Maskell" title="Rachael Maskell">Rachael Maskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Trickett" title="Jon Trickett">Jon Trickett</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_Kingdom" title="Portal:United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_flag_II.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/21px-Red_flag_II.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/32px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/42px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="411" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Socialism" title="Portal:Socialism">Socialism</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q694695#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q694695#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q694695#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000080513383">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/122000040">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJktrH7XrDgTCW3fB9RHYP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/116863041X">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/nb2010015179">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/031312384">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007416374805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.parliament.uk/IaFno4Ao">UK Parliament</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&oldid=1259353362">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&oldid=1259353362</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1951_births" title="Category:1951 births">1951 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Living_people" title="Category:Living people">Living people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_Birkbeck,_University_of_London" title="Category:Alumni of Birkbeck, University of London">Alumni of Birkbeck, University of London</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_Brunel_University_London" title="Category:Alumni of Brunel University London">Alumni of Brunel University London</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_anti-capitalists" title="Category:British anti-capitalists">British anti-capitalists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_Marxists" title="Category:British Marxists">British Marxists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_religious_sceptics" title="Category:British religious sceptics">British religious sceptics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_socialists" title="Category:British socialists">British socialists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_women%27s_rights_activists" title="Category:British women's rights activists">British women's rights activists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:European_democratic_socialists" title="Category:European democratic socialists">European democratic socialists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_Marxists" title="Category:English Marxists">English Marxists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_anti-fascists" title="Category:English anti-fascists">English anti-fascists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_anti%E2%80%93Iraq_War_activists" title="Category:English anti–Iraq War activists">English anti–Iraq War activists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_people_of_Irish_descent" title="Category:English people of Irish descent">English people of Irish descent</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_republicans" title="Category:English republicans">English republicans</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_socialists" title="Category:English socialists">English socialists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Labour_Party_(UK)_MPs_for_English_constituencies" title="Category:Labour Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies">Labour Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Left-wing_politics_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Left-wing politics in the United Kingdom">Left-wing politics in the United Kingdom</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Greater_London_Council" title="Category:Members of the Greater London Council">Members of the Greater London Council</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Privy_Council_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom">Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_educated_at_Great_Yarmouth_Grammar_School" title="Category:People educated at Great Yarmouth Grammar School">People educated at Great Yarmouth Grammar School</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_educated_at_St_Joseph%27s_College,_Ipswich" title="Category:People educated at St Joseph's College, Ipswich">People educated at St Joseph's College, Ipswich</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Politicians_from_Liverpool" title="Category:Politicians from Liverpool">Politicians from Liverpool</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:UK_MPs_1997%E2%80%932001" title="Category:UK MPs 1997–2001">UK MPs 1997–2001</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:UK_MPs_2001%E2%80%932005" title="Category:UK MPs 2001–2005">UK MPs 2001–2005</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:UK_MPs_2005%E2%80%932010" title="Category:UK MPs 2005–2010">UK MPs 2005–2010</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:UK_MPs_2010%E2%80%932015" title="Category:UK MPs 2010–2015">UK MPs 2010–2015</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:UK_MPs_2015%E2%80%932017" title="Category:UK MPs 2015–2017">UK MPs 2015–2017</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:UK_MPs_2017%E2%80%932019" title="Category:UK MPs 2017–2019">UK MPs 2017–2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:UK_MPs_2019%E2%80%932024" title="Category:UK MPs 2019–2024">UK MPs 2019–2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Universal_basic_income_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Universal basic income in the United Kingdom">Universal basic income in the United Kingdom</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Labour_Friends_of_Palestine_and_the_Middle_East" title="Category:Labour Friends of Palestine and the Middle East">Labour Friends of Palestine and the Middle East</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Socialist_Campaign_Group" title="Category:Socialist Campaign Group">Socialist Campaign Group</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:UK_MPs_2024%E2%80%93present" title="Category:UK MPs 2024–present">UK MPs 2024–present</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Independent_members_of_the_House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Independent members of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom">Independent members of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_accuracy_disputes" title="Category:All accuracy disputes">All accuracy disputes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Accuracy_disputes_from_April_2020" title="Category:Accuracy disputes from April 2020">Accuracy disputes from April 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_containing_links_to_subscription-only_content" title="Category:Pages containing links to subscription-only content">Pages containing links to subscription-only content</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_November_2024" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from November 2024">Articles with dead external links from November 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_British_English_from_October_2019" title="Category:Use British English from October 2019">Use British English from October 2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_September_2023" title="Category:Use dmy dates from September 2023">Use dmy dates from September 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hAudio_microformats" title="Category:Articles with hAudio microformats">Articles with hAudio microformats</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_vague_or_ambiguous_time" title="Category:All articles with vague or ambiguous time">All articles with vague or ambiguous time</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Vague_or_ambiguous_time_from_April_2021" title="Category:Vague or ambiguous time from April 2021">Vague or ambiguous time from April 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_August_2020" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from August 2020">Articles with unsourced statements from August 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_minor_POV_problems_from_July_2024" title="Category:Articles with minor POV problems from July 2024">Articles with minor POV problems from July 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 24 November 2024, at 18:39<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_McDonnell&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6df7948d6c-88l2x","wgBackendResponseTime":182,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.866","walltime":"2.143","ppvisitednodes":{"value":19458,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":359505,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":36664,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":23,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":18,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":424442,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1899.117 1 -total"," 35.90% 681.750 1 Template:Reflist"," 24.84% 471.724 1 Template:Infobox_officeholder"," 17.29% 328.398 49 Template:Cite_news"," 11.37% 215.852 47 Template:Cite_web"," 11.37% 215.842 1 Template:Republicanism_sidebar"," 11.25% 213.640 1 Template:Politics_series_sidebar"," 11.12% 211.124 1 Template:Sidebar_with_collapsible_lists"," 8.18% 155.374 17 Template:Infobox_officeholder/office"," 5.41% 102.745 1 Template:Transl"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"1.115","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":26182247,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n}\n\"\"\ntable#1 {\n}\n\"\"\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["?","340","27.4"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","300","24.2"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","100","8.1"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","60","4.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::match","60","4.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","60","4.8"],["(for generator) \u003Cmw.lua:684\u003E","60","4.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::sub","40","3.2"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::find","40","3.2"],["\u003Cmw.lua:694\u003E","40","3.2"],["[others]","140","11.3"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-6df7948d6c-m4whs","timestamp":"20241127202542","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"John McDonnell","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_McDonnell","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q694695","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q694695","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-12-27T22:08:25Z","dateModified":"2024-11-24T18:39:36Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/d\/d9\/Official_portrait_of_Rt_Hon_John_McDonnell_MP_crop_2.jpg","headline":"British Labour politician (born 1951)"}</script> </body> </html>