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</ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kilder" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kilder"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Kilder</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kilder-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Litteratur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Litteratur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Litteratur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Litteratur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Julemusikk</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikkel på et annet språk. Tilgjengelig på 25 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julemusikk" title="Julemusikk – norsk nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Julemusikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norsk nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julmusik" title="Julmusik – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Julmusik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Коледна музика – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Коледна музика" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B3%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1_%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1" title="Χριστουγεννιάτικα τραγούδια – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χριστουγεννιάτικα τραγούδια" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_music" title="Christmas music – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Christmas music" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BAsica_navide%C3%B1a" title="Música navideña – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Música navideña" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%B3" title="موسیقی کریسمس – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="موسیقی کریسمس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanson_de_No%C3%ABl" title="Chanson de Noël – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chanson de Noël" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%EB%A7%88%EC%8A%A4_%EC%9D%8C%EC%95%85" title="크리스마스 음악 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="크리스마스 음악" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%A2%D5%AE%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AA%D5%B7%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Սուրբծննդյան երաժշտություն – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սուրբծննդյան երաժշտություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musik_Natal" title="Musik Natal – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Musik Natal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musica_natalizia" title="Musica natalizia – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Musica natalizia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%96%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%AA_%D7%97%D7%92_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%93" title="מוזיקת חג המולד – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מוזיקת חג המולד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kar%C3%A1csonyi_zene" title="Karácsonyi zene – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Karácsonyi zene" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerstmuziek" title="Kerstmuziek – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kerstmuziek" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzyka_bo%C5%BConarodzeniowa" title="Muzyka bożonarodzeniowa – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Muzyka bożonarodzeniowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BAsica_de_Natal" title="Música de Natal – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Música de Natal" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Рождественская музыка – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рождественская музыка" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_music" title="Christmas music – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Christmas music" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%A7%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%B3" title="مۆسیقای کریسمس – sentralkurdisk" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مۆسیقای کریسمس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sentralkurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joulumusiikki" title="Joulumusiikki – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Joulumusiikki" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awiting_Pamasko" title="Awiting Pamasko – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Awiting Pamasko" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA" title="ดนตรีคริสต์มาส – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ดนตรีคริสต์มาส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noel_m%C3%BCzi%C4%9Fi" title="Noel müziği – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Noel müziği" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E8%AA%95%E6%AD%8C" title="聖誕歌 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="聖誕歌" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1443316#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Rediger lenker til artikkelen på andre språk" class="wbc-editpage">Rediger lenker</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Navnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Julemusikk" title="Vis innholdssiden [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskusjon:Julemusikk" rel="discussion" title="Diskusjon om innholdssiden [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Bytt språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">norsk bokmål</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav 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class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julemusikk&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julemusikk&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julemusikk&action=history"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generelt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Lenker_hit/Julemusikk" title="Liste over alle wikisider som lenker hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Lenker hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Relaterte_endringer/Julemusikk" rel="nofollow" title="Siste endringer i sider som blir lenket fra denne siden [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterte endringer</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=no" title="Last opp filer [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Last opp fil</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Spesialsider" title="Liste over alle spesialsider [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesialsider</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julemusikk&oldid=22912217" title="Permanent lenke til denne versjonen av siden"><span>Permanent lenke</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julemusikk&action=info" title="Mer informasjon om denne siden"><span>Sideinformasjon</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Youth_Choir_in_Healdsburg.jpg/375px-Youth_Choir_in_Healdsburg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Youth_Choir_in_Healdsburg.jpg/500px-Youth_Choir_in_Healdsburg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="682" /></a><figcaption>Amerikansk barnekor med nisseluer opptrer med julesanger i 2006. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23957101">.mw-parser-output .byline{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .byline .hidden{display:none}</style><div class="byline"><span class="hidden"> </span>Foto: Ethan Lindsey </div></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Steaua,_Bucharest,_1842.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Steaua%2C_Bucharest%2C_1842.jpg/250px-Steaua%2C_Bucharest%2C_1842.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Steaua%2C_Bucharest%2C_1842.jpg/375px-Steaua%2C_Bucharest%2C_1842.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Steaua%2C_Bucharest%2C_1842.jpg/500px-Steaua%2C_Bucharest%2C_1842.jpg 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="550" /></a><figcaption>Rumenske julesangere med stjerne på 1800-tallet.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Julemusikk</b> eller <b>julesanger</b> er sanger av varierende innhold og form som har til felles at de særlig blir framført eller spilt i tiden rundt <a href="/wiki/Jul" title="Jul">jul</a>. De har ofte et innhold som minner om julen, for eksempel ved å henvise til <a href="/wiki/Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesus">Jesusbarnet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Juleevangeliet" title="Juleevangeliet">juleevangeliet</a>, julefeiring eller <a href="/wiki/Vinter" title="Vinter">vinter</a>, men kan også være knyttet til høytiden gjennom tradisjon, uten å ha noe egentlig juleinnhold. Mange julesanger er folkeeie, er kjente og blir sunget av store deler av samfunnet. De kan dermed kalles «ekte» <a href="/wiki/Folkemusikk" title="Folkemusikk">folkemusikk</a>. </p><p>På samme måte som <a href="/wiki/Julemat" title="Julemat">julemat</a> og julepynt følger julesanger forskjellige tradisjoner innen ulike land og språksamfunn, men mange av dem finnes også på flere språk og er spredd rundt i hele verden. Flere julesanger har røtter tilbake til <a href="/wiki/Middelalderen" title="Middelalderen">middelalderen</a>, mens andre er blitt skrevet senere. Særlig på <a href="/wiki/1800-tallet" class="mw-redirect" title="1800-tallet">1800-tallet</a>, da mange av de moderne juletradisjonene ble formet, ble det skrevet mange julesanger, men det kommer fremdeles nye til. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historie">Historie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julemusikk&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Rediger avsnitt: Historie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julemusikk&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Historie"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:The_Christmas_carol.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/The_Christmas_carol.jpg/250px-The_Christmas_carol.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="352" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/The_Christmas_carol.jpg/375px-The_Christmas_carol.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/The_Christmas_carol.jpg/500px-The_Christmas_carol.jpg 2x" data-file-width="704" data-file-height="992" /></a><figcaption>Engelsk mor og barn fremfører julesanger akkompagnert av gitar. Illustrasjon fra 1800-tallet.</figcaption></figure> <p>Den <a href="/wiki/Kristne" class="mw-redirect" title="Kristne">kristne</a> julesangtradisjonen går tilbake til <a href="/wiki/Kirke" title="Kirke">kirkelige</a> julespill og feiringer av juletiden, som man begynte med i middelalderen. Julesangene og -<a href="/wiki/Salme" title="Salme">salmene</a> feiret den vidunderlige fødselen av en frelser slik han ble skildret i juleevangeliet. Man finner slike julesanger i hele <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a>; noen av dem har trekk som peker i retning av å være utviklet fra tidligere <a href="/wiki/Hedensk" class="mw-redirect" title="Hedensk">hedenske</a> sanger. Norske julesanger i den middelalderske tradisjonen som fremdeles blir sunget er blant annet «<a href="/wiki/Et_barn_er_f%C3%B8dt_i_Betlehem" title="Et barn er født i Betlehem">Et barn er født i Betlehem</a>» og «<a href="/wiki/Jeg_synger_julekvad" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeg synger julekvad">Jeg synger julekvad</a>». Samtidig med den kristne sangtradisjonen har man også alltid hatt muntre julesanger uten kristelig innhold, for eksempel sangleker som «<a href="/wiki/Reven_rasker_over_isen" title="Reven rasker over isen">Reven rasker over isen</a>» eller «<a href="/wiki/S%C3%A5_g%C3%A5r_vi_rundt_om_en_eneb%C3%A6rbusk" title="Så går vi rundt om en enebærbusk">Så går vi rundt om en enebærbusk</a>». </p><p>Etter <a href="/wiki/Reformasjonen" title="Reformasjonen">reformasjonen</a> ble feiring av jul med sang og dans uglesett av puritanske retninger. «Bort, Verdens Jule-Glæde» starter en av julesalmene til <a href="/wiki/Hans_Adolph_Brorson" title="Hans Adolph Brorson">Hans Adolph Brorson</a> med. Som en av de store dikterne i pietismen kom han til å stå for en fornyelse av julesangene, med mer inderlige tekster, som «<a href="/wiki/Mitt_hjerte_alltid_vanker" title="Mitt hjerte alltid vanker">Mitt hjerte alltid vanker</a>» og «<a href="/wiki/Her_kommer_dine_arme_sm%C3%A5" title="Her kommer dine arme små">Her kommer dine arme små</a>». Samtidig gikk julesangene ut av bruk i høyere samfunnslag, men ble ofte holdt i hevd på landsbygden, sammen med mange eldre juleskikker. </p><p>På 1800-tallet vokste interessen for julesanger i hele det borgerlige Europa da den opprinnelige <a href="/wiki/Tysk" title="Tysk">tyske</a> skikken med å gå syngende rundt et juletre bredde seg. Man tok opp igjen folkesanger (som den opprinnelig tyske «<a href="/wiki/Deilig_er_jorden" title="Deilig er jorden">Deilig er jorden</a>») og skrev en rekke nye julesanger, som «<a href="/wiki/Det_kimer_n%C3%A5_til_julefest" class="mw-redirect" title="Det kimer nå til julefest">Det kimer nå til julefest</a>» og «<a href="/wiki/Du_gr%C3%B8nne,_glitrende_tre" title="Du grønne, glitrende tre">Du grønne, glitrende tre</a>». Mange av de nyskrevne sangene var salmer som lik de gamle kristne sangene la vekt på hendelsene omtalt i juleevangeliet, men på 1800-tallet begynte man også å lage sanger uten religiøst innhold. Dette nådde Norge utpå 1900-tallet, da blant annet sanger som «<a href="/wiki/P%C3%A5_l%C3%A5ven_sitter_nissen" title="På låven sitter nissen">På låven sitter nissen</a>» ble til. </p><p>Fra slutten av 1800-tallet og senere ble julesanger spredd ved hjelp av <a href="/wiki/Massemedia" class="mw-redirect" title="Massemedia">massemedia</a>, fra trykte <a href="/wiki/Noter" class="mw-redirect" title="Noter">noter</a> til spilling i <a href="/wiki/Radio" title="Radio">radio</a> og på <a href="/wiki/Fjernsyn" title="Fjernsyn">fjernsyn</a>, og slik kunne nyskrevne sanger spres raskt over store deler av verden, eller artister gjøre en julesang til «sin» gjennom en minneverdig innspilling. Nyere sanger kan for eksempel gjøres kjente gjennom julesingler, julekalenderserier på fjernsyn eller som del av en julefilm. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Skikk_og_bruk">Skikk og bruk</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julemusikk&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Rediger avsnitt: Skikk og bruk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julemusikk&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Skikk og bruk"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Lytras_Nikiforos_Carols.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Lytras_Nikiforos_Carols.jpeg/250px-Lytras_Nikiforos_Carols.jpeg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Lytras_Nikiforos_Carols.jpeg/375px-Lytras_Nikiforos_Carols.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Lytras_Nikiforos_Carols.jpeg/500px-Lytras_Nikiforos_Carols.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="791" /></a><figcaption>Greske gutter fremfører julesanger utenfor et hus. Maleri av <a href="/wiki/Nikiforos_Lytras" title="Nikiforos Lytras">Nikiforos Lytras</a> fra 1872.</figcaption></figure> <p>Man synger særlig julesanger når man går rundt <a href="/wiki/Juletre" title="Juletre">juletreet</a> <a href="/wiki/Julaften" title="Julaften">julaften</a> og på <a href="/wiki/Juletrefest" title="Juletrefest">juletrefester</a> eller ved <a href="/wiki/Kirke" title="Kirke">kirkebesøk</a> i forbindelse med julen. Julesanger er ofte allsang, men kan også fremføres for tilhørere. Gruppene som synger kan være dannet særskilt for dette formålet, eller de kan væra vanlige <a href="/wiki/Kor" class="mw-redirect" title="Kor">kor</a> eller andre musikere som opptrer med juleprogram. Musikere kan også opptre med julekonserter eller spille inn singler eller plater med julesanger. I tillegg blir sangene mye spilt på <a href="/wiki/Radio" title="Radio">radio</a>, fjernsyn og på handelssteder som <a href="/wiki/Torg" title="Torg">torg</a> og <a href="/wiki/Kj%C3%B8pesenter" title="Kjøpesenter">kjøpesenter</a> i hele juletiden. Julesangene kan brukes til å skape julestemning, fremkalle følelser av <a href="/wiki/Glede" title="Glede">glede</a> og inderlighet, eller for å få tilhørerne til å gjøre store juleinnkjøp eller å gi <a href="/wiki/Penger" title="Penger">penger</a> til gode formål som sangerne samler inn for. </p><p>Å «synge julen inn» er en gammel skikk hvor en gruppe sangere kunne besøke hjemmene og synge julesanger, ofte i bytte mot mat og drikke eller penger. Man kan regne det som lykkebringende å få besøk av julesangere og gi dem noe.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Det finnes mange forskjellige lokale tradisjoner for å gå fra hus til hus og framføre julesanger, som skandinavisk <a href="/wiki/Julebukk" title="Julebukk">julebukk</a>, barn kledd som <a href="/wiki/Nisser" title="Nisser">nisser</a> (tidligere ungdommer utkledd som bukk), kontinentaleuropeiske «stjernesangere» (tysk <i>Sternsinger</i>), der barn kledd som de <a href="/wiki/Hellige_tre_konger" class="mw-redirect" title="Hellige tre konger">hellige tre konger</a> går med stjerner på stenger og synger religiøse sanger, eller britisk <i>wassailing</i>, der en gruppe voksne eller unge jenter pyntet med bånd synger til ære for hus, dyr eller trær..<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Det er uvanlig å synge julesanger utenom juletiden, og er for mange et <a href="/wiki/Tabu" title="Tabu">tabu</a> som det å bryte i noen tilfelle kan regnes som ulykkesbringende.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Norske_julesanger">Norske julesanger</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julemusikk&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Rediger avsnitt: Norske julesanger" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julemusikk&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Norske julesanger"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Julesang</th> <th>Tekst skrevet</th> <th>Opprinnelig <br />språk</th> <th>På nynorsk</th> <th>På bokmål</th> <th>Tema </th></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/Barn_Jesus_i_en_krybbe_l%C3%A5" title="Barn Jesus i en krybbe lå">Barn Jesus i en krybbe lå</a>»</td> <td>1832</td> <td>Dansk</td> <td>-</td> <td></td> <td>Juleevangeliet </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/Deilig_er_den_himmel_bl%C3%A5" title="Deilig er den himmel blå">Deilig er den himmel blå</a>»</td> <td>1810</td> <td>Dansk</td> <td>1900</td> <td>(dansk 1840)</td> <td>Frelser, fred, engler, juleevangeliet </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/Deilig_er_jorden" title="Deilig er jorden">Deilig er jorden</a>»</td> <td>1600-tallet</td> <td>Tysk</td> <td>1905</td> <td>(dansk 1850)</td> <td>Frelser, fred, engler, juleevangeliet </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/Det_kimer_n%C3%A5_til_julefest" class="mw-redirect" title="Det kimer nå til julefest">Det kimer nå til julefest</a>»</td> <td>1817</td> <td>Dansk</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>Juleevangeliet, engler </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/Det_lyser_i_stille_grender" title="Det lyser i stille grender">Det lyser i stille grender</a>»</td> <td>1931</td> <td>Norsk</td> <td>1931</td> <td>-</td> <td>Barn, frelser, juleevangeliet, lys </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/Du_gr%C3%B8nne,_glitrende_tre" title="Du grønne, glitrende tre">Du grønne, glitrende tre</a>»</td> <td>1866</td> <td>Dansk</td> <td>1906</td> <td>1910?</td> <td>Frelser, juletre, stjerne </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/En_rose_er_utsprungen" title="En rose er utsprungen">En rose er utsprungen</a>»</td> <td>1500-tallet</td> <td>Tysk</td> <td>1900</td> <td>?</td> <td>Frelser, vinter, rose </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/En_stjerne_skinner_i_natt" title="En stjerne skinner i natt">En stjerne skinner i natt</a>»</td> <td>1992</td> <td>Norsk</td> <td>-</td> <td>1992</td> <td>Engler, fred, frelser, sang, stjerne </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/Et_barn_er_f%C3%B8dt_i_Betlehem" title="Et barn er født i Betlehem">Et barn er født i Betlehem</a>»</td> <td>1500-tallet</td> <td>Latin</td> <td>1905</td> <td>(dansk 1850)</td> <td>Frelser, juleevangeliet </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/Eit_lite_barn,_med_frydeskrik" title="Eit lite barn, med frydeskrik">Eit lite barn, med frydeskrik</a>»</td> <td>1400-tallet</td> <td>Tysk</td> <td>1995</td> <td>(dansk 1529)</td> <td>Frelser, <a href="/wiki/Inkarnasjon" title="Inkarnasjon">inkarnasjonen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/Fra_fjord_og_fj%C3%A6re" title="Fra fjord og fjære">Fra fjord og fjære</a>»</td> <td>1856</td> <td>Norsk</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>Frelser, julefeiring </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/Fra_himlen_h%C3%B8yt_jeg_kommer_her" title="Fra himlen høyt jeg kommer her">Fra himlen høyt jeg kommer her</a>»</td> <td>1535</td> <td>Tysk</td> <td>1870/1972</td> <td>(dansk 1850)</td> <td>Frelser, fred, engler </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/Glade_jul" title="Glade jul">Glade jul</a>»</td> <td>1818</td> <td>Tysk</td> <td>1906</td> <td>(dansk 1850)</td> <td>Frelser, fred, glede, engler </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/Her_kommer_dine_arme_sm%C3%A5" title="Her kommer dine arme små">Her kommer dine arme små</a>»</td> <td>1732</td> <td>Dansk</td> <td>1881</td> <td>(dansk 1732)</td> <td>Frelser, tilbedelse </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/Himmel_p%C3%A5_jord" title="Himmel på jord">Himmel på jord</a>»</td> <td></td> <td>Norsk</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>Engler, fred </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/I_denne_glade_juletid" title="I denne glade juletid">I denne glade juletid</a>»</td> <td>1732</td> <td>Dansk</td> <td>1870</td> <td></td> <td>Julefeiring, juleevangeliet </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/Jeg_er_s%C3%A5_glad_hver_julekveld" title="Jeg er så glad hver julekveld">Jeg er så glad hver julekveld</a>»</td> <td>1859</td> <td>Norsk</td> <td>1906</td> <td>1859</td> <td>Frelser, glede, julefeiring, lys, sang </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/Jeg_synger_julekvad" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeg synger julekvad">Jeg synger julekvad</a>»</td> <td>1300-tallet</td> <td>Latin</td> <td>-</td> <td>1905</td> <td>Frelser, sang </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/Joleklokkor_yver_jordi" title="Joleklokkor yver jordi">Joleklokkor yver jordi</a>»</td> <td>1923</td> <td>Norsk</td> <td>1923</td> <td>-</td> <td>Frelser, fred, klokker </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/Julekveldsvisa" title="Julekveldsvisa">Julekveldsvisa</a>»</td> <td>1951</td> <td>Norsk</td> <td>-</td> <td>1951</td> <td>Julefeiring, stjerne, juleevangeliet </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/Kimer,_I_klokker" title="Kimer, I klokker">Kimer, I klokker</a>»</td> <td>1856</td> <td>Dansk</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>Frelser, klokker, julefeiring </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/Kling_no,_klokka" title="Kling no, klokka">Kling no, klokka</a>»</td> <td>1889</td> <td>Norsk</td> <td>1889</td> <td>-</td> <td>Frelser, engler, juleevangeliet, klokker </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ledet_av_en_stjerne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ledet av en stjerne (ikke skrevet ennå)">Ledet av en stjerne</a>»</td> <td></td> <td>Norsk</td> <td></td> <td>-</td> <td>Juleevangeliet </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/Mitt_hjerte_alltid_vanker" title="Mitt hjerte alltid vanker">Mitt hjerte alltid vanker</a>»</td> <td>1732</td> <td>Dansk</td> <td>-</td> <td>(dansk 1732)</td> <td>Frelser, juleevangeliet </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/Musevisa" title="Musevisa">Musevisa</a>»</td> <td>1949</td> <td>Norsk</td> <td>-</td> <td>1949</td> <td>Julefeiring, dyr </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/No_koma_Guds_englar" title="No koma Guds englar">No koma Guds englar</a>»</td> <td>1870</td> <td>Norsk</td> <td>1870</td> <td>-</td> <td>Engler, fred </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/N%C3%A5_tennes_tusen_julelys" title="Nå tennes tusen julelys">Nå tennes tusen julelys</a>»</td> <td>1898</td> <td>Svensk</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>Frelser, glede, lys </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/O,_jul_med_din_glede" class="mw-redirect" title="O, jul med din glede">O, jul med din glede</a>»</td> <td>1800-tallet</td> <td>Norsk</td> <td>1906</td> <td></td> <td>- </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/P%C3%A5_l%C3%A5ven_sitter_nissen" title="På låven sitter nissen">På låven sitter nissen</a>»</td> <td>1911</td> <td>Norsk</td> <td>-</td> <td>1911</td> <td>Dyr, grøt, julefeiring, nisse </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/Reven_rasker_over_isen" title="Reven rasker over isen">Reven rasker over isen</a>»</td> <td>1600-tallet eller tidligere</td> <td>Skandinavisk</td> <td>?</td> <td>?</td> <td>Dyr, hvordan man gjør noe </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/S%C3%A5_g%C3%A5r_vi_rundt_om_en_eneb%C3%A6rbusk" title="Så går vi rundt om en enebærbusk">Så går vi rundt om en enebærbusk</a>»</td> <td>?</td> <td>Norsk</td> <td>1899</td> <td>?</td> <td>Julefeiring, advent </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/N%C3%A5r_juleklokker_ringer" title="Når juleklokker ringer">Når juleklokker ringer</a>» </td> <td>1954 </td> <td>Norsk </td> <td>? </td> <td>1954 </td> <td>Julefeiring </td></tr> <tr> <td>«<a href="/wiki/Det_st%C3%A5r_en_gran_med_tendte_lys_der_hjemme" title="Det står en gran med tendte lys der hjemme">Det står en gran med tendte lys der hjemme</a>» </td> <td>1954 </td> <td>Norsk </td> <td>? </td> <td>1954 </td> <td>Julefeiring </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referanser">Referanser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julemusikk&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Rediger avsnitt: Referanser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julemusikk&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Referanser"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">«CAROL SINGERS»i <i>A Dictionary of Superstitions</i>. Red. Iona Opie og Moira Tatem. (Oxford University Press, 1996)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">«wassailing» i <i>A Dictionary of English Folklore</i>. Jacqueline Simpson og Steve Roud. (Oxford University Press, 2000)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">«CAROL out of season» i <i>A Dictionary of Superstitions</i>. Red. Iona Opie og Moira Tatem.(Oxford University Press, 1996)</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kilder">Kilder</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julemusikk&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Rediger avsnitt: Kilder" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julemusikk&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Kilder"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071030183230/http://www.aasentunet.no/default.asp?menu=1116">«Julesongar» på aasentunet.no</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090920182240/http://www.aktivioslo.no/juleguide/julesanger.php">«Julesanger – julesang» aktivioslo.no</a></li> <li>«Carol» i <i>The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music</i>. Michael Kennedy og Joyce Kennedy. (Oxford University Press, 2007)</li> <li>Peter Wilton: «Carol» i <i>The Oxford Companion to Music</i>. Red. Alison Latham. (Oxford University Press, 2002)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Litteratur">Litteratur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julemusikk&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Rediger avsnitt: Litteratur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julemusikk&action=edit&section=6" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Litteratur"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oddgeir_Bruaset" title="Oddgeir Bruaset">Bruaset, Oddgeir</a>: <i>Det lyser i stille grender</i>, Genesis forlag 2009, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/9788247603567" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 9788247603567</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23230704">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betlehemsstjernen" title="Betlehemsstjernen">Betlehemsstjernen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herodes_den_store" title="Herodes den store">Herodes den store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolas_av_Myra" title="Nikolas av Myra">Nikolas av Myra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juleoratorium" title="Juleoratorium">Juleoratorium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juleoblat" title="Juleoblat">Juleoblater</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Folkeminne" title="Folkeminne">Folkeminne</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Julenissen" title="Julenissen">Julenissen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Befana" title="Befana">Befana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belsnickel" title="Belsnickel">Belsnickel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fader_Frost" title="Fader Frost">Fader Frost</a></li> <li><a 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title="Julemarked">Julemarked</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julemerke" title="Julemerke">Julemerke</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Julemusikk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julepynt" title="Julepynt">Julepynt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julestue" title="Julestue">Julestue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juletre" title="Juletre">Juletre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juletrefot" title="Juletrefot">Juletrefot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juletrelenke" title="Juletrelenke">Juletrelenke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juletrekurv" title="Juletrekurv">Juletrekurv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julestr%C3%B8mpe" title="Julestrømpe">Julestrømpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juletrefest" title="Juletrefest">Juletrefest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakelinna" title="Kakelinna">Kakelinna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kravlenisse" title="Kravlenisse">Kravlenisse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kornb%C3%A5nd" title="Kornbånd">Kornbånd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luciadagen" title="Luciadagen">Luciadagen</a></li> 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