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Available in 32 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-32" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">32 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%87%D9%8A" title="الدين الإلهي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الدين الإلهي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Din-e_%C4%B0lahi" title="Din-e İlahi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Din-e İlahi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%87-%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF" title="দীন-ই-ইলাহি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="দীন-ই-ইলাহি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BD-%D0%B5_%D0%98%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8" title="Дин-е Илахи – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Дин-е Илахи" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tauhid-i_Ilahi" title="Tauhid-i Ilahi – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tauhid-i Ilahi" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Din-i_ilahi" title="Din-i ilahi – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Din-i ilahi" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Din-i-Ilahi" title="Din-i-Ilahi – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Din-i-Ilahi" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%DB%8C" title="دین الهی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دین الهی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%AEn-i-Il%C3%A2h%C3%AE" title="Dîn-i-Ilâhî – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dîn-i-Ilâhî" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Din-i_Ilahi" title="Din-i Ilahi – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Din-i Ilahi" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8-%E0%A4%8F-%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%80" title="दीन-ए-इलाही – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="दीन-ए-इलाही" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Din-i-Ilahi" title="Din-i-Ilahi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Din-i-Ilahi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BD-%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8" title="Дин-и иллахи – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Дин-и иллахи" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98-%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%B0%E1%83%98" title="დინი-ილაჰი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დინი-ილაჰი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BD-%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8" title="Дин-и илахи – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Дин-и илахи" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BF" title="ദിൻ ഇലാഹി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ദിൻ ഇലാഹി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%DB%8C" title="دین الهی – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="دین الهی" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Din-i-Ilahi" title="Din-i-Ilahi – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Din-i-Ilahi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A8-%E0%A8%8F-%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%80" title="ਦੀਨ-ਏ-ਇਲਾਹੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਦੀਨ-ਏ-ਇਲਾਹੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%B0%DB%81%DB%8C" title="دین الٰہی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="دین الٰہی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Din-i-ilahi" title="Din-i-ilahi – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Din-i-ilahi" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BD-%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8" title="Дин-и иллахи – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дин-и иллахи" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%BE%DB%8C" title="دینی ئیلاھی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دینی ئیلاھی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Din-i_Ilahi" title="Din-i Ilahi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Din-i Ilahi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B9%E0%AE%BF" title="தீன் இலாஹி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தீன் இலாஹி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D-%E0%B0%8E-%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B9%E0%B1%80" title="దీన్-ఎ-ఇలాహీ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="దీన్-ఎ-ఇలాహీ" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D2%B3%D3%A3" title="Дини илоҳӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Дини илоҳӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%AEn-i_%C4%B0l%C3%A2h%C3%AE" title="Dîn-i İlâhî – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Dîn-i İlâhî" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%96%D0%BD-%D1%96_%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%96" title="Дін-і іллахі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Дін-і іллахі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%B0%DB%81%DB%8C" title="دین الٰہی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="دین الٰہی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C4%ABn-i_Il%C4%81h%C4%AB" title="Dīn-i Ilāhī – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Dīn-i Ilāhī" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Syncretic religion propounded by Mughal emperor Akbar in 1582</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Divine faith" redirects here. For the Catholic doctrine, see <a href="/wiki/Faith_in_Christianity#Catholic_Church" title="Faith in Christianity">Faith in Christianity § Catholic Church</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width: 24em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;">Din-i Ilahi</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span class="nickname"><b><span title="Persian-language text"><span lang="fa"><span class="Nastaliq" style="font-family:'Noto Nastaliq Urdu', 'Urdu Typesetting', 'Roz Urdu Punjabi Nastaleeq', 'Jameel Noori Nastaleeq', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu Draft', 'Hussaini Nastaleeq', 'AlQalam Taj Nastaleeq', IranNastaliq, 'Awami Nastaliq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq v1.01', 'Pak Nastaleeq', 'PDMS_Jauhar', 'Alvi Lahori Nastaleeq', 'Urdu Emad Nastaleeq', 'Urdu Emad Nastaleeq'; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal;">دینِ الٰهی</span></span></span></b></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emperor_Akbar.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Emperor_Akbar.png/200px-Emperor_Akbar.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="304" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Emperor_Akbar.png/300px-Emperor_Akbar.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Emperor_Akbar.png/400px-Emperor_Akbar.png 2x" data-file-width="403" data-file-height="612" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Akbar</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Syncretism" title="Syncretism">Syncretic religion</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Classification</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Abrahamic_religions" title="Abrahamic religions">Abrahamic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indian_religions" title="Indian religions">Dhārmic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Leader</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Akbar" title="Akbar">Akbar</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Region</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Akbar" title="Akbar">Akbar</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Origin</th><td class="infobox-data">1582 <br /><a href="/wiki/Fatehpur_Sikri" title="Fatehpur Sikri">Fatehpur Sikri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Agra" title="Agra">Agra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal Empire</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Schism" title="Schism">Separated from</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Defunct</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1605</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Members</th><td class="infobox-data">19</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Dīn-i Ilāhī</b> (<a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a>: <span lang="fa" dir="rtl"><span class="Nastaliq" style="font-family:'Noto Nastaliq Urdu', 'Urdu Typesetting', 'Roz Urdu Punjabi Nastaleeq', 'Jameel Noori Nastaleeq', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu Draft', 'Hussaini Nastaleeq', 'AlQalam Taj Nastaleeq', IranNastaliq, 'Awami Nastaliq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq v1.01', 'Pak Nastaleeq', 'PDMS_Jauhar', 'Alvi Lahori Nastaleeq', 'Urdu Emad Nastaleeq', 'Urdu Emad Nastaleeq'; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal;">دین الهی</span></span>, <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">Religion of God</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>),<sup id="cite_ref-Britannica_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> known during its time as <b>Tawḥīd-i-Ilāhī</b> (<a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a>: <span lang="fa" dir="rtl"><span class="Nastaliq" style="font-family:'Noto Nastaliq Urdu', 'Urdu Typesetting', 'Roz Urdu Punjabi Nastaleeq', 'Jameel Noori Nastaleeq', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu Draft', 'Hussaini Nastaleeq', 'AlQalam Taj Nastaleeq', IranNastaliq, 'Awami Nastaliq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq v1.01', 'Pak Nastaleeq', 'PDMS_Jauhar', 'Alvi Lahori Nastaleeq', 'Urdu Emad Nastaleeq', 'Urdu Emad Nastaleeq'; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal;">توحید الهی</span></span>, <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">Oneness of God</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>) or <b>Divine Faith</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was a short lived <a href="/wiki/Syncretism" title="Syncretism">syncretic religion</a> propounded by the <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal</a> emperor <a href="/wiki/Akbar" title="Akbar">Akbar</a> in 1582. According to Iqtidar Alam Khan, it was based on the <a href="/wiki/Timurid_dynasty" title="Timurid dynasty">Timurid</a> concept of Yasa-e Changezi (Code of <a href="/wiki/Genghis_Khan" title="Genghis Khan">Genghis Khan</a>), to consider all sects as one.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The elements were drawn from different religions. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Din-i_Ilahi&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name <i>Dīn-i Ilāhī</i> literally translates to "God's Religion", "Religion of God", or "divine religion". According to the renowned historian <a href="/wiki/Mubarak_Ali" title="Mubarak Ali">Mubarak Ali</a>, <i>Dīn-i Ilāhī</i> is a name that was not used in Akbar's period. At the time, it was called <i>Tawhid-i-Ilāhī</i> ("Divine Monotheism"), as it is written by <a href="/wiki/Abu%27l-Fazl_ibn_Mubarak" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak">Abu'l-Fazl</a>, a court historian during the reign of Akbar.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This name suggests a particularly <a href="/wiki/Monotheistic" class="mw-redirect" title="Monotheistic">monotheistic</a> focus for Akbar's faith. The anonymous <i><a href="/wiki/Dabestan-e_Mazaheb" title="Dabestan-e Mazaheb">Dabestan-e Mazaheb</a></i> uses the name <i>Ilahiyya</i> to refer to the faith.<sup id="cite_ref-persian.packhum.org_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-persian.packhum.org-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Din-i_Ilahi&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AbulFazlPresentingAkbarnama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/AbulFazlPresentingAkbarnama.jpg/220px-AbulFazlPresentingAkbarnama.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="378" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/AbulFazlPresentingAkbarnama.jpg/330px-AbulFazlPresentingAkbarnama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/AbulFazlPresentingAkbarnama.jpg/440px-AbulFazlPresentingAkbarnama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2459" data-file-height="4220" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Abu%27l-Fazl_ibn_Mubarak" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak">Abu'l-Fazl</a>, one of the disciples of Din-i Ilahi, presenting <i><a href="/wiki/Akbarnama" title="Akbarnama">Akbarnama</a></i> to <a href="/wiki/Akbar" title="Akbar">Akbar</a>, Mughal miniature</figcaption></figure> <p>Akbar promoted <a href="/wiki/Religious_tolerance" title="Religious tolerance">tolerance</a> of other faiths and even encouraged debate on philosophical and religious issues. This led to the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Ibadat_Khana" title="Ibadat Khana"><i>Ibādat Khāna</i></a> ("House of Worship") at <a href="/wiki/Fatehpur_Sikri" title="Fatehpur Sikri">Fatehpur Sikri</a> in 1575, which invited theologians, poets, scholars, and philosophers from all religious denominations, including Christians, Hindus, Jains, and Zoroastrians. </p><p>Since Akbar had severe <a href="/wiki/Dyslexia" title="Dyslexia">dyslexia</a>, rendering him totally unable to read or write, such dialogues in the House of Worship became his primary means of exploring questions of faith.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Despite his aforementioned illiteracy, Akbar would eventually amass a library full of more than 24,000 volumes of texts in <a href="/wiki/Hindustani_language" title="Hindustani language">Hindustani</a>, <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kashmiri_language" title="Kashmiri language">Kashmiri</a>. The later <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Mughal Emperor">Mughal Emperor</a> and son of Akbar, <a href="/wiki/Jahangir" title="Jahangir">Jahangir</a>, stated that his father was "always associated with the learned of every creed and religion." In a letter to <a href="/wiki/King_Philip_II_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="King Philip II of Spain">King Philip II of Spain</a>, Akbar laments that so many people do not investigate their religious arguments, stating that most people will instead blindly "follow the religion in which [they] were born and educated, thus excluding [themselves] from the possibility of ascertaining the truth, which is the noblest aim of the human intellect."<sup id="cite_ref-huffingtonpost.in_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-huffingtonpost.in-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the time Akbar established the Dīn-i Ilāhī, he had already repealed the <i><a href="/wiki/Jizya" title="Jizya">jizya</a></i> (tax on non-Muslims) over a decade earlier in 1568. A religious experience while he was hunting in 1578 further increased his interest in the religious traditions of his empire.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From the discussions held at the Ibādat Khāna, Akbar concluded that no single religion could claim the monopoly of truth. This revelation inspired him to leave Islam and create a new religion Dīn-i Ilāhī in 1582 and Akbar along with his loyal officials converted to this new religion Dīn-i Ilāhī in 1582. </p><p>This conversion of Akbar to Dīn-i Ilāhī angered various Muslims, among them the <a href="/wiki/Qadi" title="Qadi">Qadi</a> of <a href="/wiki/Bengal_Subah" title="Bengal Subah">Bengal Subah</a> and Shaykh <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Sirhindi" title="Ahmad Sirhindi">Ahmad Sirhindi</a>, responded by declaring it to be <a href="/wiki/Blasphemy" title="Blasphemy">blasphemy</a> to Islam. </p><p>Some modern scholars have argued that the Din-i Ilahi was a spiritual discipleship of Akbar of his own belief which he propounded in his new religion.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="After_Akbar">After Akbar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Din-i_Ilahi&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: After Akbar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dīn-i Ilāhī appears to have survived Akbar according to the <i><a href="/wiki/Dabestan-e_Mazaheb" title="Dabestan-e Mazaheb">Dabestān-e Mazāheb</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Mohsin_Fani" title="Mohsin Fani">Mohsin Fani</a>. However, the movement was suppressed by penalty and force after his death and was totally eradicated by <a href="/wiki/Aurangzeb" title="Aurangzeb">Aurangzeb</a>, a task made easier by the fact that the religion never had more than 19 adherents.<sup id="cite_ref-Britannica_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-persian.packhum.org_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-persian.packhum.org-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 17th century, an attempt to re-establish the Dīn-i Ilāhī was made by <a href="/wiki/Shah_Jahan" title="Shah Jahan">Shah Jahan</a>'s eldest son, <a href="/wiki/Dara_Shikoh" title="Dara Shikoh">Dara Shikoh</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but any prospects of an official revival were halted by his brother, <a href="/wiki/Aurangzeb" title="Aurangzeb">Aurangzeb</a>, who executed him<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on grounds of <a href="/wiki/Apostasy" title="Apostasy">apostasy</a>. Aurangzeb later compiled the <a href="/wiki/Fatawa-e-Alamgiri" class="mw-redirect" title="Fatawa-e-Alamgiri">Fatawa-e-Alamgiri</a>, reimposed the <i>jizya</i>, and established Islamic <a href="/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia">Sharia</a> law across the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Subcontinent" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Subcontinent">Indian Subcontinent</a>, spreading Islamic orthodoxy and extinguishing any chance of religious reform for generations.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beliefs_and_practices">Beliefs and practices</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Din-i_Ilahi&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Beliefs and practices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although the spirit and central principles of Dīn-i Ilāhī were adapted from <a href="/wiki/Sufism" title="Sufism">Sufism</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoychoudhury1941306_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoychoudhury1941306-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (including ideas from the <a href="/wiki/Al-Andalus" title="Al-Andalus">Andalusi</a> Sufi mystic, <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Arabi" title="Ibn Arabi">Ibn al-'Arabi</a>), Akbar endeavored to create a synthesis of other beliefs and so his personal religion borrowed concepts and tenets from many other faiths. Aligned with <a href="/wiki/Sufi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sufi">Sufi</a> practices, one's soul is encouraged to <a href="/wiki/Tazkiah" class="mw-redirect" title="Tazkiah">purify itself</a> through yearning of God.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Virtues included generosity, forgiveness, abstinence, prudence, wisdom, kindness, and piety.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoychoudhury1941279_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoychoudhury1941279-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following details illustrate the personal religious observances of Akbar: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>As an inquisitive inquirer endowed with the spirit of reason, he learnt the Hindu alchemy and medicine and cultivated their <a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a> system; like his Central Asian <a href="/wiki/Timur" title="Timur">ancestor</a>, he believed in astronomy and astrology; and after his association with the Zoroastrian <a href="/wiki/Mobad" title="Mobad">Mobed</a>, he believed that life might be lengthened by lightning fire or by the repetition of a thousand names of Sun. Following the <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhist</a> custom, he used to <a href="/wiki/Tonsure#Buddhism" title="Tonsure">shave the crown of his head</a> thinking that the soul passed through the brain. He turned into a vegetarian later in life.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoychoudhury1941303_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoychoudhury1941303-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p></blockquote> <p>The visitation of <a href="/wiki/Jesuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesuit">Jesuit</a> missionaries such as <a href="/wiki/Rodolfo_Acquaviva" title="Rodolfo Acquaviva">Rodolfo Acquaviva</a> brought the virtue of celibacy into the House of Worship, where it consequently became a virtue of Akbar's faith that was not mandatory (as it is for the priests of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism">Roman Catholicism</a>) but respected. The faith also adopted the principle of <a href="/wiki/Ahimsa" title="Ahimsa">ahimsa</a>, an ancient virtue of almost all <a href="/wiki/Indian_religions" title="Indian religions">Indian religions</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a>. The nonviolence extended from humans to animals, encouraging vegetarianism and prohibiting the slaughter of animals for any reason at all. The Dīn-i Ilāhī had no sacred scriptures and, similar to both Islam and <a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a>, there was no priestly hierarchy.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Light was a focus of divine worship, with a light-fire ritual based on the <a href="/wiki/Yasna" title="Yasna">yasna</a> (the primary form of worship in <a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism" title="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrianism</a>) and an adoption of the hymn of the 1,000 Sanskrit names for the <a href="/wiki/Surya" title="Surya">sun</a>. Followers were referred to as <i>chelah</i> (meaning "disciples"). </p><p>The major practices and beliefs of Dīn-i Ilāhī were as follows: </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Tawhid" title="Tawhid">The unity of God</a></li> <li>Followers salute one-another with <span title="Arabic-language text"><i lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/Takbir" title="Takbir">Allah-u-Akbar</a></i></span> or <span title="Arabic-language text"><i lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/Jalla_Jalaluhu" class="mw-redirect" title="Jalla Jalaluhu">Jalla Jalaluhu</a></i></span> (meaning: "may His glory be glorified")</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarianism" title="Vegetarianism">Absence of meat of all kinds</a></li> <li>One's "<a href="/wiki/Birthday" title="Birthday">on-birth-by-anniversary</a>" party was a must for every member</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa" title="Ahimsa">Ahimsa</a> (non-violence); followers were prohibited from dining with fishers, butchers, hunters, etc.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ṣulḥ-i-kul"><span id=".E1.B9.A2ul.E1.B8.A5-i-kul"></span><i>Ṣulḥ-i-kul</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Din-i_Ilahi&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Ṣulḥ-i-kul"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It has been argued that the theory of Dīn-i Ilāhī being a new religion was a misconception which arose because of erroneous translations of <a href="/wiki/Abu%27l-Fazl" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu'l-Fazl">Abu'l-Fazl</a>'s work by later British historians.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, it is also accepted that the policy of <i>sulh-i-kul</i>, which formed the essence of <i>Dīn-i Ilāhī</i>, was adopted by Akbar as a part of general imperial administrative policy. <i>Sulh-i-Kul</i> means "<a href="/wiki/World_peace" title="World peace">universal peace</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-huffingtonpost.in_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-huffingtonpost.in-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Abu'l-Fazl, the emperor was a <a href="/wiki/Divine_right_of_kings" title="Divine right of kings">universal agent of god</a>, and so his sovereignty was not bound to any single faith. In this, <a href="/wiki/Akbar" title="Akbar">Akbar</a> appointed officials based on their ability and merit, regardless of their religion or background. This helped to create a more efficient government and contributed to the prosperity and cultural achievements of the Mughal period.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The emperor is further prohibited from discriminating between the <a href="/wiki/Dabestan-e_Mazaheb#Outline" title="Dabestan-e Mazaheb">different religions of the realm</a> and if the ruler did discriminate, then they were not fit for the role as an agent of god.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoy2020130_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoy2020130-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Abu'l-Fazl saw the religious views of Akbar as a rational decision toward maintaining harmony between the various faiths of the empire.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoy2020131_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoy2020131-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Disciples">Disciples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Din-i_Ilahi&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Disciples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The initiated disciples of Dīn-i Ilāhī during emperor Akbar's time included:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoychoudhury1941292–293_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoychoudhury1941292–293-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li>Shaikh Mubarak</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faizi" title="Faizi">Shaikh Faizi</a></li> <li>Jafar Beig</li> <li>Qasim Khan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu%27l-Fazl_ibn_Mubarak" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak">Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak</a></li> <li>Azam Khan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abd_al-Samad" title="Abd al-Samad">Abdus Samad</a></li> <li>Mulla Shah Muhammad Shahadad</li> <li>Sufi Ahmad</li> <li>Mir Sharif Amal</li> <li>Sultan Khwaja</li> <li>Mirza Jani Thatta</li> <li>Taki Shustar</li> <li>Shaikhzada Gosala Benarasi</li> <li>Sadar Jahan</li> <li>Sadar Jahan's first son</li> <li>Sadar Jahan's second son</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birbal" title="Birbal">Birbal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murad_Mirza_(son_of_Akbar)" title="Murad Mirza (son of Akbar)">Prince Murad</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Din-i_Ilahi&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allopanishad" title="Allopanishad">Allopanishad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirr-i-Akbar" title="Sirr-i-Akbar">Sirr-i-Akbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majma-ul-Bahrain" title="Majma-ul-Bahrain">Majma-ul-Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dabestan-e_Mazaheb" title="Dabestan-e Mazaheb">Dabestan-e Mazaheb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dara_Shikoh" title="Dara Shikoh">Dara Shikoh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganga-Jamuni_tehzeeb" title="Ganga-Jamuni tehzeeb">Ganga-Jamuni tehzeeb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_policy_of_the_Mughals_after_Akbar" title="Religious policy of the Mughals after Akbar">Religious policy of the Mughals after Akbar</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Din-i_Ilahi&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Din-i-Ilahi">https://www.britannica.com/topic/Din-i-Ilahi</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Britannica-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9030480/Din-i-Ilahi">"Din-i Ilahi"</a>. <i>Britannica Online Encyclopedia</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080514090902/http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9030480/Din-i-Ilahi">Archived</a> from the original on 2008-05-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-06-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Britannica+Online+Encyclopedia&rft.atitle=Din-i+Ilahi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Feb%2Farticle-9030480%2FDin-i-Ilahi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADin-i+Ilahi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJackson" class="citation book cs1">Jackson, A. V. Williams. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/historyofindia04jackuoft"><i>History of India</i></a>. Robarts - University of Toronto. London, Grolier society. p. 44. <q>The truth is that Akbar was singularly sensitive to religious impressions of every kind, and that his new religion, the Din-i-Ilahi, or 'divine faith' an eclectic pantheism, contained elements taken from very diverse creeds.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+India&rft.pages=44&rft.pub=London%2C+Grolier+society&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=A.+V.+Williams&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofindia04jackuoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADin-i+Ilahi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AaFKAQAAIAAJ&q=yasa-i+chingezi"><i>Frontline: Volume 14, Issues 20-26</i></a>. S. Rangarajan for Kasturi & Sons. 1997. p. 74.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Frontline%3A+Volume+14%2C+Issues+20-26&rft.pages=74&rft.pub=S.+Rangarajan+for+Kasturi+%26+Sons&rft.date=1997&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAaFKAQAAIAAJ%26q%3Dyasa-i%2Bchingezi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADin-i+Ilahi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAbu'l-Fazl_ibn_Mubarak2010" class="citation book cs1">Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak (2010) [1902–39]. <i>The Akbarnama of Abu'l-Fazl</i>. Delhi: Low Price Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7536-481-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7536-481-3"><bdi>978-81-7536-481-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Akbarnama+of+Abu%27l-Fazl&rft.place=Delhi&rft.pub=Low+Price+Publications&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-81-7536-481-3&rft.au=Abu%27l-Fazl+ibn+Mubarak&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADin-i+Ilahi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-persian.packhum.org-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-persian.packhum.org_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-persian.packhum.org_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://persian.packhum.org/persian/main?url=pf%3Fauth%3D155%26work%3D001">"THE DABISTÁN, OR SCHOOL OF MANNERS, Trans. DAVID SHEA and ANTHONY TROYER, 1843, Persian Literature in Translation, The Packard Humanities Institute"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180317102149/https://persian.packhum.org/persian/main?url=pf%3Fauth%3D155&work=001">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-03-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-01-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=THE+DABIST%C3%81N%2C+OR+SCHOOL+OF+MANNERS%2C+Trans.+DAVID+SHEA+and+ANTHONY+TROYER%2C+1843%2C+Persian+Literature+in+Translation%2C+The+Packard+Humanities+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpersian.packhum.org%2Fpersian%2Fmain%3Furl%3Dpf%253Fauth%253D155%2526work%253D001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADin-i+Ilahi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-huffingtonpost.in-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-huffingtonpost.in_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-huffingtonpost.in_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.in/entry/finding-tolerance-in-akba_b_3031746">"Finding Tolerance in Akbar, the Philosopher-King"</a>. 10 April 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171223212138/http://www.huffingtonpost.in/entry/finding-tolerance-in-akba_b_3031746">Archived</a> from the original on 23 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Finding+Tolerance+in+Akbar%2C+the+Philosopher-King&rft.date=2013-04-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Ffinding-tolerance-in-akba_b_3031746&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADin-i+Ilahi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Schimmel, Annemarie (2006) <i>The Empire of the Great Mughals: History, Art and Culture</i>, Reaktion Books, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-86189-251-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-86189-251-9">1-86189-251-9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLefèvre2015" class="citation journal cs1">Lefèvre, Corinne (2015-04-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-3/din-i-ilahi-COM_26038">"Dīn-i ilāhī"</a>. <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210711231425/https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-3/din-i-ilahi-COM_26038">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-07-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-07-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam%2C+THREE&rft.atitle=D%C4%ABn-i+il%C4%81h%C4%AB&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.aulast=Lef%C3%A8vre&rft.aufirst=Corinne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freferenceworks.brillonline.com%2Fentries%2Fencyclopaedia-of-islam-3%2Fdin-i-ilahi-COM_26038&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADin-i+Ilahi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRizvi2005" class="citation book cs1">Rizvi, Sajjad H. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220720124940/https://books.google.com/books?id=H-k9oc9xsuAC&pg=PA194#PPA195,M1">"Dara Shikoh"</a>. In Meri, Josef W. (ed.). <i>Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia</i>. Routledge. pp. <span class="nowrap">195–</span>196. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-96690-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-96690-6"><bdi>0-415-96690-6</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=H-k9oc9xsuAC&pg=PA194">the original</a> on 2022-07-20.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Dara+Shikoh&rft.btitle=Medieval+Islamic+Civilization%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E195-%3C%2Fspan%3E196&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-415-96690-6&rft.aulast=Rizvi&rft.aufirst=Sajjad+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DH-k9oc9xsuAC%26pg%3DPA194&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADin-i+Ilahi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEraly2004" class="citation book cs1">Eraly, Abraham (2004). <i>The Mughal Throne : The Saga of India's Great Emperors</i>. London: Phoenix. p. 336. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7538-1758-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-7538-1758-6"><bdi>0-7538-1758-6</bdi></a>. <q>India was at a crossroads in the mid-seventeenth century; it had the potential of moving forward with Dara Shikoh, or of turning back to medievalism with Aurangzeb</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mughal+Throne+%3A+The+Saga+of+India%27s+Great+Emperors&rft.place=London&rft.pages=336&rft.pub=Phoenix&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-7538-1758-6&rft.aulast=Eraly&rft.aufirst=Abraham&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADin-i+Ilahi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSleeman1844" class="citation book cs1">Sleeman, William (1844). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/ramblesrecollect02sleeuoft/ramblesrecollect02sleeuoft_djvu.txt"><i>Rambles and Recollections of an Indian Official</i></a>. p. 272. <q>Poor Dara Shikoh!....thy generous heart and enlightened mind had reigned over this vast empire, and made it, perchance, the garden it deserves to be made</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rambles+and+Recollections+of+an+Indian+Official&rft.pages=272&rft.date=1844&rft.aulast=Sleeman&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Framblesrecollect02sleeuoft%2Framblesrecollect02sleeuoft_djvu.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADin-i+Ilahi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJackson2010" class="citation book cs1">Jackson, Roy (2010). <i>Mawlana Mawdudi and Political Islam: Authority and the Islamic State</i>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781136950360" title="Special:BookSources/9781136950360"><bdi>9781136950360</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mawlana+Mawdudi+and+Political+Islam%3A+Authority+and+the+Islamic+State&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9781136950360&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=Roy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADin-i+Ilahi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERoychoudhury1941306-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoychoudhury1941306_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRoychoudhury1941">Roychoudhury (1941)</a>, p. 306.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERoychoudhury1941279-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoychoudhury1941279_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRoychoudhury1941">Roychoudhury (1941)</a>, p. 279.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERoychoudhury1941303-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoychoudhury1941303_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRoychoudhury1941">Roychoudhury (1941)</a>, p. 303.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGupta2004" class="citation book cs1">Gupta, Sunita (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170216013534/https://books.google.com/books?id=0ti8clvedTAC"><i>Children's Knowledge Bank</i></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0ti8clvedTAC">the original</a> on 2017-02-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Children%27s+Knowledge+Bank&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Gupta&rft.aufirst=Sunita&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0ti8clvedTAC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADin-i+Ilahi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGhaznavi1988" class="citation journal cs1">Ghaznavi, A Waheed (1 October 1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/openview/0f9f9d9d8a153c8f8f42f14ed3a6323e/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=1819375">"A Note on "Din-i Ilahi"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Journal of the Pakistan Historical Society</i>. <b>36</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">377–</span>380. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221002102127/https://www.proquest.com/openview/0f9f9d9d8a153c8f8f42f14ed3a6323e/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=1819375">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Pakistan+Historical+Society&rft.atitle=A+Note+on+%22Din-i+Ilahi%22&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E377-%3C%2Fspan%3E380&rft.date=1988-10-01&rft.aulast=Ghaznavi&rft.aufirst=A+Waheed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fopenview%2F0f9f9d9d8a153c8f8f42f14ed3a6323e%2F1%3Fpq-origsite%3Dgscholar%26cbl%3D1819375&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADin-i+Ilahi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAli2006" class="citation book cs1">Ali, M. Athar (2006). <i>Mughal India: Studies in Polity, Ideas, Society and Culture</i>. Oxford University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">163–</span>164. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-569661-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-569661-5"><bdi>978-0-19-569661-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mughal+India%3A+Studies+in+Polity%2C+Ideas%2C+Society+and+Culture&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E163-%3C%2Fspan%3E164&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-19-569661-5&rft.aulast=Ali&rft.aufirst=M.+Athar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADin-i+Ilahi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scroll.in/article/804548/why-putting-less-mughal-history-in-school-textbooks-might-not-be-a-bad-idea">"Why putting less Mughal history in school textbooks may be a good idea"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180124141107/http://scroll.in/article/804548/why-putting-less-mughal-history-in-school-textbooks-might-not-be-a-bad-idea">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-01-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-10-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Why+putting+less+Mughal+history+in+school+textbooks+may+be+a+good+idea&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscroll.in%2Farticle%2F804548%2Fwhy-putting-less-mughal-history-in-school-textbooks-might-not-be-a-bad-idea&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADin-i+Ilahi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newscoop.co.in/sulh-i-kul/">"Sulh-i-Kul: Features of Akbar's Policy | UPSC » Newscoop"</a>. 2023-01-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sulh-i-Kul%3A+Features+of+Akbar%27s+Policy+%7C+UPSC+%C2%BB+Newscoop&rft.date=2023-01-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newscoop.co.in%2Fsulh-i-kul%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADin-i+Ilahi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERoy2020130-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoy2020130_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRoy2020">Roy (2020)</a>, p. 130.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERoy2020131-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoy2020131_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRoy2020">Roy (2020)</a>, p. 131.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERoychoudhury1941292–293-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoychoudhury1941292–293_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRoychoudhury1941">Roychoudhury (1941)</a>, pp. 292–293.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-hanging-indents" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRoychoudhury1941" class="citation book cs1">Roychoudhury, Makhanlal (1941). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/diniilahiorthere031361mbp"><i>The Din-i Ilahi, or, The Religion of Akbar</i></a>. University of Calcutta. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/3312929">3312929</a> – via <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Din-i+Ilahi%2C+or%2C+The+Religion+of+Akbar&rft.pub=University+of+Calcutta&rft.date=1941&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F3312929&rft.aulast=Roychoudhury&rft.aufirst=Makhanlal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdiniilahiorthere031361mbp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADin-i+Ilahi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRoy2020" class="citation book cs1">Roy, Himanshu (2020). <i>Indian Political Thought themes and thinkers</i>. Pearson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-93-325-8733-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-93-325-8733-5"><bdi>978-93-325-8733-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indian+Political+Thought+themes+and+thinkers&rft.pub=Pearson&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-93-325-8733-5&rft.aulast=Roy&rft.aufirst=Himanshu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADin-i+Ilahi" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Din-i_Ilahi&oldid=1269416668">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Din-i_Ilahi&oldid=1269416668</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Akbar" title="Category:Akbar">Akbar</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1580s_establishments_in_India" title="Category:1580s establishments in India">1580s establishments in India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mughal_Empire" title="Category:Mughal Empire">Mughal Empire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Religious_pluralism" title="Category:Religious pluralism">Religious pluralism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Religious_syncretism_in_Asia" title="Category:Religious syncretism in Asia">Religious syncretism in Asia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Universalism" title="Category:Universalism">Universalism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Culture_of_India" title="Category:Culture of India">Culture of India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Islam_in_India" title="Category:History of Islam in India">History of Islam in India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_religion_in_India" title="Category:History of religion in India">History of religion in India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Religions_derived_from_Islam" title="Category:Religions derived from Islam">Religions derived from Islam</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1582_establishments_in_Asia" title="Category:1582 establishments in Asia">1582 establishments in Asia</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Persian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Persian-language text">Articles containing Persian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_July_2022" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from July 2022">Articles with unsourced statements from July 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_December_2022" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from December 2022">Articles with unsourced statements from December 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Arabic-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Arabic-language text">Articles containing Arabic-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 14 January 2025, at 15:33<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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