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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Tata Communications Limited</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Tata_Comm_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Tata_Comm_logo.svg/220px-Tata_Comm_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Tata_Comm_logo.svg/330px-Tata_Comm_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Tata_Comm_logo.svg/440px-Tata_Comm_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="654" data-file-height="40" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:TIER_-_IV_Data_Centre,_GIFT_City.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/70/TIER_-_IV_Data_Centre%2C_GIFT_City.svg/220px-TIER_-_IV_Data_Centre%2C_GIFT_City.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/70/TIER_-_IV_Data_Centre%2C_GIFT_City.svg/330px-TIER_-_IV_Data_Centre%2C_GIFT_City.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/70/TIER_-_IV_Data_Centre%2C_GIFT_City.svg/440px-TIER_-_IV_Data_Centre%2C_GIFT_City.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1808" data-file-height="990" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">TIER - IV Data Centre at <a href="/wiki/GIFT_City" title="GIFT City">GIFT City</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Trade_name" title="Trade name">Trade name</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Videsh_Sanchar_Nigam_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited">VSNL</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formerly</th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><a href="/wiki/Videsh_Sanchar_Nigam_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited">Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited</a> (1986–2008)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Privately_held_company" title="Privately held company">Private</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Ticker_symbol" title="Ticker symbol">Traded as</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bombay_Stock_Exchange" title="Bombay Stock Exchange">BSE</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bseindia.com/stock-share-price/x/y/500483/">500483</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/National_Stock_Exchange_of_India" title="National Stock Exchange of India">NSE</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nseindia.com/get-quotes/equity?symbol=TATACOMM">TATACOMM</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/International_Securities_Identification_Number" title="International Securities Identification Number">ISIN</a></th><td class="infobox-data">INE151A01013</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Telecommunication" class="mw-redirect" title="Telecommunication">Telecommunications</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">March 1986<span class="noprint">; 38 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1986-03</span>)</span> as VSNL</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Worldwide</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent">Amur Lakshminarayanan<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Managing_Director" class="mw-redirect" title="Managing Director">MD</a> & <a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">CEO</a>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Services</th><td class="infobox-data category"><div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broadband" title="Broadband">Broadband</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_services" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet services">Internet services</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/IT_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="IT Services">IT Services</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> <span class="nowrap"><span style="white-space: nowrap">₹</span>21,251.29 crore</span> (US$2.5 billion) (2024)<sup id="cite_ref-financials_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-financials-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> <span class="nowrap"><span style="white-space: nowrap">₹</span>1,163.09 crore</span> (US$140 million) (2024)<sup id="cite_ref-financials_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-financials-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> <span class="nowrap"><span style="white-space: nowrap">₹</span>969.58 crore</span> (US$120 million) (2024)<sup id="cite_ref-financials_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-financials-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> <span class="nowrap"><span style="white-space: nowrap">₹</span>24,561.34 crore</span> (US$2.9 billion) (2024)<sup id="cite_ref-financials_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-financials-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Equity_(finance)" title="Equity (finance)">Total equity</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> <span class="nowrap"><span style="white-space: nowrap">₹</span>1,790.30 crore</span> (US$210 million) (2024)<sup id="cite_ref-financials_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-financials-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">13,426+ (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Parent_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Parent company">Parent</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Group" title="Tata Group">Tata Group</a> (58.87%)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Investor" title="Investor">Public Investors</a> (41.13%)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiaries</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaleyra" title="Kaleyra">Kaleyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VSNL_International_Canada" title="VSNL International Canada">VSNL International Canada</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_System_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous System Number">ASN</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bgp.tools/as/6453">6453</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tatacommunications.com/">tatacommunications<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Tata Communications Limited</b> (previously known as <b>Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited</b>) is an Indian <a href="/wiki/Telecommunications" title="Telecommunications">telecommunications</a> company. Before its acquisition by Tata Group it was a government-owned telecommunications service provider and under the ownership of <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Telecommunications" title="Department of Telecommunications">Department of Telecommunications</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Communications_(India)" title="Ministry of Communications (India)">Ministry of Communications</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a>. It was then sold to <a href="/wiki/Tata_Group" title="Tata Group">Tata Group</a> in 2002 under the <a href="/wiki/Third_Vajpayee_ministry" title="Third Vajpayee ministry">Third Vajpayee ministry</a> government.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tata's communications provides network services and software-defined network platforms, such as <a href="/wiki/Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a>, <a href="/wiki/SD-WAN" title="SD-WAN">SD-WAN</a>, <a href="/wiki/Content_delivery_network" title="Content delivery network">content delivery networks</a> (CDNs), the <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">internet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Multiprotocol_Label_Switching" title="Multiprotocol Label Switching">Multiprotocol Label Switching</a> (MPLS), and <a href="/wiki/Private_line" title="Private line">private lines</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="The current source is insufficiently reliable (WP:NOTRS). (May 2023)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>It is listed on the <a href="/wiki/Bombay_Stock_Exchange" title="Bombay Stock Exchange">Bombay Stock Exchange</a> and the <a href="/wiki/National_Stock_Exchange_of_India" title="National Stock Exchange of India">National Stock Exchange of India</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tata_Communications&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tapas_de_diversos_servicios_en_Delhi,_India_18.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Tapas_de_diversos_servicios_en_Delhi%2C_India_18.jpg/220px-Tapas_de_diversos_servicios_en_Delhi%2C_India_18.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Tapas_de_diversos_servicios_en_Delhi%2C_India_18.jpg/330px-Tapas_de_diversos_servicios_en_Delhi%2C_India_18.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Tapas_de_diversos_servicios_en_Delhi%2C_India_18.jpg/440px-Tapas_de_diversos_servicios_en_Delhi%2C_India_18.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>VSNL manhole cover in Delhi</figcaption></figure><p>The business was founded as Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited (VSNL) in 1986.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the chairmanship of <a href="/wiki/B._K._Syngal" title="B. K. Syngal">B. K. Syngal</a> (1991–98),<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> VSNL launched the first publicly-available internet plans in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> in 1995.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The international arm of VSNL (VSNL International) was launched in 2004. </p><p>In 2004, VSNL acquired <a href="/wiki/DishnetDSL" title="DishnetDSL">DishnetDSL</a> in a slump sale from its promoter Chinnakannan Sivasankaran. <sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a> launched <a href="/wiki/Disinvestment_of_Public_Sector_Units_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Disinvestment of Public Sector Units in India">Disinvestment of Public Sector Units in India</a>, VSNL was completely acquired by the <a href="/wiki/Tata_Group" title="Tata Group">Tata Group</a> in 2002 and renamed Tata Communications on 13 February 2008. <sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tata_Communications_global_network">Tata Communications global network</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tata_Communications&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Tata Communications global network"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2009, Tata Communications and Tyco Telecommunications completed the TGN-Intra Asia cable system.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 2012, the company completed its network across <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> linking <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> to <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, and created a subsea fibre network that circumnavigates the world. The 9,280-kilometre (5,770 mi) <a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">Eurasian</a> section of the Tata Global Network runs across the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>, connecting <a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a> with <a href="/wiki/Marseille" title="Marseille">Marseille</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2016, <a href="/wiki/Windstream_Holdings" title="Windstream Holdings">Windstream Communications</a> announced it was extending its <a href="/wiki/100_Gigabit_Ethernet" title="100 Gigabit Ethernet">100 Gigabit Ethernet</a> (100G) network from <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> data center operator <a href="/wiki/NJFX" title="NJFX">NJFX</a>'s presence at Tata's Cable Landing Station (CLS) in <a href="/wiki/Wall_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Wall Township, New Jersey">Wall Township, New Jersey</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Ashburn,_Virginia" title="Ashburn, Virginia">Ashburn, Virginia</a>'s internet hub.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Product_and_Services">Product and Services</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tata_Communications&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Product and Services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Tata Communications offers <a href="/wiki/Ethernet" title="Ethernet">ethernet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Private_line" title="Private line">private line</a> services via a <a href="/wiki/Content_delivery_network" title="Content delivery network">content delivery network</a> and other support services, like <a href="/wiki/Security" title="Security">security</a>, satellite teleports, fibre-based video network and <a href="/wiki/Transcoding" title="Transcoding">transcoding</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="The current source is insufficiently reliable (WP:NOTRS). (May 2023)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <ul><li>Tata Communications has a <a href="/wiki/Data_center" title="Data center">data centre</a> network located in 44 locations worldwide.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li>Tata Communications has completed its acquisition of <a href="/wiki/Kaleyra" title="Kaleyra">Kaleyra</a>. The deal, worth approximately <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>100 <a href="/wiki/Million" class="mw-redirect" title="Million">million</a>, will combine Tata's customer base and other enterprise solutions.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li>It offers <a href="/wiki/Cloud_computing" title="Cloud computing">cloud</a> services<sup id="cite_ref-:6_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Managed_security_service" title="Managed security service">managed security services</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tata_Communications&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://giftsez.com/tier-iv-data-center.aspx">"TIER IV Data Centre"</a>. <i>giftsez.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cdn.tatacommunications.com&rft.atitle=Content+Delivery+Network+%3E+Tata+Communications&rft.aulast=Communications&rft.aufirst=Tata&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcdn.tatacommunications.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATata+Communications" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:3_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBalakrishnan2016" class="citation news cs1">Balakrishnan, Reghu (11 February 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.livemint.com/Companies/duDA19qCScOeLImvczvJ8H/ST-Telemedia-set-to-buy-Tata-Communications-Data-Centre.html">"ST Telemedia set to buy Tata Communications Data Centre"</a>. <i>livemint.com/</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=livemint.com%2F&rft.atitle=ST+Telemedia+set+to+buy+Tata+Communications+Data+Centre&rft.date=2016-02-11&rft.aulast=Balakrishnan&rft.aufirst=Reghu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.livemint.com%2FCompanies%2FduDA19qCScOeLImvczvJ8H%2FST-Telemedia-set-to-buy-Tata-Communications-Data-Centre.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATata+Communications" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/gadgets-news/tata-communications-completes-acquisition-of-us-based-company-kaleyra/articleshow/104247131.cms">"Tata Communications completes acquisition of US-based company Kaleyra"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i>. 8 October 2023. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257">0971-8257</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Tata+Communications+completes+acquisition+of+US-based+company+Kaleyra&rft.date=2023-10-08&rft.issn=0971-8257&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fgadgets-news%2Ftata-communications-completes-acquisition-of-us-based-company-kaleyra%2Farticleshow%2F104247131.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATata+Communications" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:6_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.totaltele.com/487982/Tata-Communications-launches-IZO">"Tata Communications launches IZO"</a>. <i>Totaltelecom</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Totaltelecom&rft.atitle=Tata+Communications+launches+IZO&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.totaltele.com%2F487982%2FTata-Communications-launches-IZO&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATata+Communications" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:10-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:10_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.qualys.com/customers/success-stories/tata-communications-helps-customers-proactively-mitigate-it-risk/">"Tata Communications Helps Customers Proactively Mitigate IT Risk | Qualys, Inc"</a>. <i>www.qualys.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.qualys.com&rft.atitle=Tata+Communications+Helps+Customers+Proactively+Mitigate+IT+Risk+%7C+Qualys%2C+Inc.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.qualys.com%2Fcustomers%2Fsuccess-stories%2Ftata-communications-helps-customers-proactively-mitigate-it-risk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATata+Communications" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tata_Communications&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Tata_logo.svg/36px-Tata_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="451" data-file-height="414" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Tata_Group" title="Tata Group">Tata Group</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-size:95%;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_entities_associated_with_Tata_Group" title="List of entities associated with Tata Group">Divisions and<br />subsidiaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Information technology<br />& engineering</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Consultancy_Services" title="Tata Consultancy Services">Tata Consultancy Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Elxsi" class="mw-redirect" title="Tata Elxsi">Tata Elxsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Research_Development_and_Design_Centre" title="Tata Research Development and Design Centre">Tata Research Development and Design Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Technologies" title="Tata Technologies">Tata Technologies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Airlines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_India_Limited" title="Air India Limited">Air India Limited</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_India" title="Air India">Air India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_India_Express" title="Air India Express">Air India Express</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AIX_Connect" title="AIX Connect">AIX Connect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vistara" title="Vistara">Vistara</a> (51%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Steel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Steel" title="Tata Steel">Tata Steel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Steel_Europe" title="Tata Steel Europe">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Steel_Netherlands" title="Tata Steel Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Automotive</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Motors" title="Tata Motors">Tata Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Motors_Cars" title="Tata Motors Cars">Tata Motors Cars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaguar_Land_Rover" title="Jaguar Land Rover">Jaguar Land Rover</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daimler_Company" title="Daimler Company">Daimler Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanchester_Motor_Company" title="Lanchester Motor Company">Lanchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chery_Jaguar_Land_Rover" title="Chery Jaguar Land Rover">Chery JLR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rover_(marque)" title="Rover (marque)">Rover</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Daewoo" title="Tata Daewoo">Tata Daewoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Hispano" title="Tata Hispano">Tata Hispano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Hitachi_Construction_Machinery" title="Tata Hitachi Construction Machinery">Tata Hitachi Construction Machinery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Consumer <br />& retail</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tata_Consumer_Products" title="Tata Consumer Products">Tata Consumer <br />Products</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eight_O%27Clock_Coffee" title="Eight O'Clock Coffee">Eight O'Clock Coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_Earth_Tea" title="Good Earth Tea">Good Earth Tea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanan_Devan_Hills_Plantations_Company" title="Kanan Devan Hills Plantations Company">Kanan Devan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Salt" title="Tata Salt">Tata Salt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetley" title="Tetley">Tetley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tata_Chemicals" title="Tata Chemicals">Tata Chemicals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Chemicals_Europe" title="Tata Chemicals Europe">Tata Chemicals Europe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Salt" title="British Salt">British Salt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magadi_Soda_Company" title="Magadi Soda Company">Tata Chemicals Magadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Swach" title="Tata Swach">Tata Swach</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Trent_(Westside)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trent (Westside)">Trent</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Landmark_Bookstores" title="Landmark Bookstores">Landmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trent_(Westside)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trent (Westside)">Westside</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Titan_Company" title="Titan Company">Titan Company</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">brands <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tanishq" title="Tanishq">Tanishq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fastrack_(fashion_accessories)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fastrack (fashion accessories)">Fastrack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CaratLane" title="CaratLane">CaratLane</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tata_Digital" class="mw-redirect" title="Tata Digital">Tata Digital</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Crom%C4%81" title="Cromā">Cromā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BigBasket" title="BigBasket">BigBasket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_1mg" title="Tata 1mg">Tata 1mg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_CLiQ" class="mw-redirect" title="Tata CLiQ">Tata CLiQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Neu" title="Tata Neu">Tata Neu</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Voltas" title="Voltas">Voltas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Voltas_Beko" class="mw-redirect" title="Voltas Beko">Voltas Beko</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Infrastructure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tata_Power" title="Tata Power">Tata Power</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mundra_Ultra_Mega_Power_Plant" title="Mundra Ultra Mega Power Plant">Mundra UMPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maithon_Power_Plant" title="Maithon Power Plant">Maithon Power</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Distribution</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Power_Delhi_Distribution_Limited" title="Tata Power Delhi Distribution Limited">Tata Power Delhi Distribution Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TP_Central_Odisha_Distribution_Limited" title="TP Central Odisha Distribution Limited">TP Central Odisha Distribution Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Electricity_Supply_Company_of_Odisha" title="Western Electricity Supply Company of Odisha">TP Western Odisha Distribution Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Eastern_Electricity_Supply_Company_of_Odisha" title="North Eastern Electricity Supply Company of Odisha">North Eastern Electricity Supply Company of Odisha</a> (51%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Power_Solar" title="Tata Power Solar">Tata Power Solar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Power_SED" title="Tata Power SED">Tata Power SED</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Housing_Development_Company" title="Tata Housing Development Company">Tata Housing Development Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Projects" title="Tata Projects">Tata Projects</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Financial servcies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Capital" title="Tata Capital">Tata Capital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TATA_AIG" title="TATA AIG">TATA AIG</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Aerospace & defence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Advanced_Systems" title="Tata Advanced Systems">Tata Advanced Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Power_SED" title="Tata Power SED">Tata Power SED</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tourism & travel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Hotels_Company_Limited" title="Indian Hotels Company Limited">Indian Hotels Company Limited</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ginger_Hotels" title="Ginger Hotels">Ginger Hotels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taj_Hotels" title="Taj Hotels">Taj Hotels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TajAir" title="TajAir">TajAir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vivanta" title="Vivanta">Vivanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pierre" title="The Pierre">The Pierre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Newbury_Boston" title="The Newbury Boston">The Newbury Boston</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Telecom & media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tata Communications</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DishnetDSL" title="DishnetDSL">DishnetDSL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VSNL_International_Canada" title="VSNL International Canada">VSNL International Canada</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Business_Support_Services" title="Tata Business Support Services">Tata Business Support Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Teleservices" title="Tata Teleservices">Tata Teleservices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Play" title="Tata Play">Tata Play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tejas_Networks" title="Tejas Networks">Tejas Networks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trading & investments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Investment_Corp" title="Tata Investment Corp">Tata Investment Corp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tata_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Tata_logo.svg/120px-Tata_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Tata_logo.svg/180px-Tata_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Tata_logo.svg/240px-Tata_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="451" data-file-height="414" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-size:95%;">Joint ventures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TATA_AIG" title="TATA AIG">TATA AIG</a> (74%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Hitachi_Construction_Machinery" title="Tata Hitachi Construction Machinery">Tata Hitachi Construction Machinery</a> (40%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Starbucks" title="Tata Starbucks">Tata Starbucks</a> (50%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vistara" title="Vistara">Vistara</a> (51%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-size:95%;">Former <br />holdings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CMC_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="CMC (company)">CMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Favre-Leuba" title="Favre-Leuba">Favre-Leuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_India_Assurance" title="New India Assurance">New India Assurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piaggio_Aerospace" title="Piaggio Aerospace">Piaggio Aerospace</a> (33.3%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Coffee" title="Tata Coffee">Tata Coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Interactive_Systems" title="Tata Interactive Systems">Tata Interactive Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Docomo" title="Tata Docomo">Tata Docomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_McGraw-Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="Tata McGraw-Hill">Tata McGraw-Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Oil_Mills_Company" title="Tata Oil Mills Company">Tata Oil Mills Company</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lakm%C3%A9_Cosmetics" title="Lakmé Cosmetics">Lakmé Cosmetics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Steel_BSL" title="Tata Steel BSL">Tata Steel BSL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Textiles" title="Tata Textiles">Tata Textiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tayo_Rolls" title="Tayo Rolls">Tayo Rolls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-size:95%;">Sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/JRD_Tata_Sports_Complex" title="JRD Tata Sports Complex">JRD Tata Sports Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Football_Academy" title="Tata Football Academy">Tata Football Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telco_Club_Ground" title="Telco Club Ground">Telco Club Ground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamshedpur_FC" title="Jamshedpur FC">Jamshedpur FC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Steel_Chess_Tournament" title="Tata Steel Chess Tournament">Tata Steel Chess Tournament</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-size:95%;">Institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tata_Institute_of_Fundamental_Research" title="Tata Institute of Fundamental Research">TIFR</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Institute_of_Fundamental_Research" title="Tata Institute of Fundamental Research">TIFR, Mumbai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Centre_for_Radio_Astrophysics" title="National Centre for Radio Astrophysics">NCRA - TIFR, Pune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Institute_of_Fundamental_Research_Hyderabad" title="Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad">TIFR, Hyderabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TIFR_Centre_for_Applicable_Mathematics" title="TIFR Centre for Applicable Mathematics">CAM Bangalore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homi_Bhabha_Centre_for_Science_Education" title="Homi Bhabha Centre for Science Education">HBCSE Bangalore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Centre_for_Biological_Sciences" title="National Centre for Biological Sciences">NCBS Bangalore</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhabha_Atomic_Research_Centre" title="Bhabha Atomic Research Centre">Bhabha Atomic Research Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homi_Bhabha_National_Institute" title="Homi Bhabha National Institute">Homi Bhabha National Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Institute_of_Science" title="Indian Institute of Science">Indian Institute of Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Energy_and_Resources_Institute" title="The Energy and Resources Institute">The Energy and Resources Institute</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TERI_School_of_Advanced_Studies" title="TERI School of Advanced Studies">TERI School of Advanced Studies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Institute_of_Social_Sciences" title="Tata Institute of Social Sciences">Tata Institute of Social Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Management_Training_Centre" title="Tata Management Training Centre">Tata Management Training Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Theatre" title="Tata Theatre">Tata Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata-Dhan_Academy" title="Tata-Dhan Academy">Tata-Dhan Academy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-size:95%;">Hospitals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Homi_Bhabha_Cancer_Hospital_and_Research_Centre,_Visakhapatnam" title="Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Visakhapatnam">Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital & Research Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Memorial_Centre" title="Tata Memorial Centre">Tata Memorial Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Medical_Center" title="Tata Medical Center">Tata Medical Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-size:95%;">Trusts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Dorabji_Tata_and_Allied_Trusts" title="Sir Dorabji Tata and Allied Trusts">Sir Dorabji Tata and Allied Trusts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Ratan_Tata_Trust" title="Sir Ratan Tata Trust">Sir Ratan Tata Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Tata_Memorial_Trust" title="Lady Tata Memorial Trust">Lady Tata Memorial Trust</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-size:95%;">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Group <br />chairmen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jamsetji_Tata" class="mw-redirect" title="Jamsetji Tata">Jamsetji Tata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorabji_Tata" title="Dorabji Tata">Dorabji Tata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nowroji_Saklatwala" title="Nowroji Saklatwala">Nowroji Saklatwala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._R._D._Tata" title="J. R. D. Tata">J. R. D. Tata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratan_Tata" title="Ratan Tata">Ratan Tata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrus_Mistry" title="Cyrus Mistry">Cyrus Mistry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natarajan_Chandrasekaran" title="Natarajan Chandrasekaran">Natarajan Chandrasekaran</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(incumbent)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Board of <br />Tata Sons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Natarajan_Chandrasekaran" title="Natarajan Chandrasekaran">Natarajan Chandrasekaran</a> (Chairman)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venu_Srinivasan" title="Venu Srinivasan">Venu Srinivasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajay_Piramal" title="Ajay Piramal">Ajay Piramal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralf_Speth" title="Ralf Speth">Ralf Speth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harish_Manwani" title="Harish Manwani">Harish Manwani</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Group <br />companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Noel_Tata" title="Noel Tata">Noel Tata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surya_Kant" title="Surya Kant">Surya Kant</a> (TCS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subramaniam_Ramadorai" class="mw-redirect" title="Subramaniam Ramadorai">Subramaniam Ramadorai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._V._Narendran" title="T. V. Narendran">T. V. Narendran</a> (Tata Steel)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guenter_Butschek" title="Guenter Butschek">Guenter Butschek</a> (Tata Motors)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thierry_Bollor%C3%A9" title="Thierry Bolloré">Thierry Bolloré</a> (JLR)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tata <br />trusts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ratan_Tata" title="Ratan Tata">Ratan Tata</a> (Chairman)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._K._Krishna_Kumar" title="R. K. Krishna Kumar">R. K. Krishna Kumar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venu_Srinivasan" title="Venu Srinivasan">Venu Srinivasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajay_Piramal" title="Ajay Piramal">Ajay Piramal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijay_Singh_(administrator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vijay Singh (administrator)">Vijay Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pramit_Jhaveri" title="Pramit Jhaveri">Pramit Jhaveri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prafulla_Desai" title="Prafulla Desai">Prafulla Desai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mammen_Chandy" title="Mammen Chandy">Mammen Chandy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tata family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Tata" title="Naval Tata">Naval Tata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simone_Tata" title="Simone Tata">Simone Tata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratanji_Dadabhoy_Tata" title="Ratanji Dadabhoy Tata">Ratanji Dadabhoy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyrus_Mistry" title="Cyrus Mistry">Cyrus Mistry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallonji_Mistry" title="Pallonji Mistry">Pallonji Mistry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nowroji_Saklatwala" title="Nowroji Saklatwala">Nowroji Saklatwala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._Gopalakrishnan" title="R. Gopalakrishnan">R. Gopalakrishnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamshed_Jiji_Irani" title="Jamshed Jiji Irani">Jamshed Jiji Irani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishaat_Hussain" title="Ishaat Hussain">Ishaat Hussain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumant_Moolgaokar" title="Sumant Moolgaokar">Sumant Moolgaokar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Slym" title="Karl Slym">Karl Slym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ardeshir_Dalal" title="Ardeshir Dalal">Ardeshir Dalal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russi_Mody" title="Russi Mody">Russi Mody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._Muthuraman" title="B. Muthuraman">B. Muthuraman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._C._Kohli" title="F. C. Kohli">F. C. Kohli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._Jaishankar" title="S. Jaishankar">S. Jaishankar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajesh_Gopinathan" title="Rajesh Gopinathan">Rajesh Gopinathan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-size:95%;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bombay_House" title="Bombay House">Bombay House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Round_Oak_Steel_Terminal" title="Round Oak Steel Terminal">Round Oak Steel Terminal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Centre" title="Tata Centre">Tata Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_family" title="Tata family">Tata family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Sons" title="Tata Sons">Tata Sons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amsterdam_Marathon" title="Amsterdam Marathon">TCS Amsterdam Marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Marathon" title="New York City Marathon">TCS NYC Marathon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Tata_Group" title="Category:Tata Group">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=India&#124;link=India_Telecommunication_companies_of_India" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Telecommunication_companies_of_India" title="Template:Telecommunication companies of India"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Telecommunication_companies_of_India" title="Template talk:Telecommunication companies of India"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Telecommunication_companies_of_India" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Telecommunication companies of India"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=India&#124;link=India_Telecommunication_companies_of_India" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India"><img alt="India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_telecom_companies_in_India" title="List of telecom companies in India">Telecommunication companies of India</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mobile_network_operators_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Mobile network operators of India">Mobile <br />operators</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airtel_India" title="Airtel India">Airtel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Telecommunications" title="Department of Telecommunications">DoT</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bharat_Sanchar_Nigam_Limited" title="Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited">BSNL</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BSNL_Mobile" title="BSNL Mobile">BSNL Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahanagar_Telephone_Nigam_Limited" title="Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited">MTNL</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vi_(mobile_network)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vi (mobile network)">Vodafone Idea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jio" title="Jio">Jio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mobile_virtual_network_operator" title="Mobile virtual network operator">MVNOs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Aerovoyce</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Aircel" title="Aircel">Aircel</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Essar" class="mw-redirect" title="Essar">Essar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Etisalat#Etisalat_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Etisalat">Etisalat (Cheers Mobile)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Idea_Cellular" title="Idea Cellular">!dea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Loop_Mobile" title="Loop Mobile">Loop</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/MTS_India" title="MTS India">MTS</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orange_(India)" title="Orange (India)">Orange</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Reliance_Communications" title="Reliance Communications">RCom</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/S_Tel" title="S Tel">S Tel</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spice_Telecom" class="mw-redirect" title="Spice Telecom">spice</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tata_Docomo" title="Tata Docomo">Tata DoCoMo</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/T24_Mobile" class="mw-redirect" title="T24 Mobile">T24</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Virgin_Mobile_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Virgin Mobile India">Virgin</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Telenor_India" title="Telenor India">Telenor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tulip_Telecom" title="Tulip Telecom">Tulip Telecom</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Videocon_Telecom" title="Videocon Telecom">Videocon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vodafone_India" title="Vodafone India">Vodafone</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_internet_service_providers_in_India" title="List of internet service providers in India">Internet <br />providers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atria_Convergence_Technologies" title="Atria Convergence Technologies">ACT Fibernet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airtel_India" title="Airtel India">Airtel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh_State_FiberNet_Limited" title="Andhra Pradesh State FiberNet Limited">APSFL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asianet_Satellite_Communications" title="Asianet Satellite Communications">Asianet Digital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharat_Sanchar_Nigam_Limited" title="Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited">BSNL</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BSNL_Broadband" title="BSNL Broadband">BSNL Broadband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahanagar_Telephone_Nigam_Limited" title="Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited">MTNL</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=InCablenet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="InCablenet (page does not exist)">InCablenet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jio" title="Jio">Jio</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DEN_Networks" title="DEN Networks">DEN Networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathway" title="Hathway">Hathway</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RailTel_Corporation_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="RailTel Corporation of India">Railtel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reliance_Communications" title="Reliance Communications">Reliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sify" title="Sify">Sify</a></li> <li>SPECTRA</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Teleservices" title="Tata Teleservices">Tata Teleservices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tikona_Digital_Networks" class="mw-redirect" title="Tikona Digital Networks">Tikona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excitel_Broadband" title="Excitel Broadband">Excitel Broadband</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Direct-to-home_television_in_India" title="Direct-to-home television in India">DTH operators</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ABS_Free_Dish" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS Free Dish">ABS Free Dish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airtel_digital_TV" title="Airtel digital TV">Airtel digital TV</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digiana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digiana (page does not exist)">Digiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DD_Free_Dish" title="DD Free Dish">DD Free Dish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dish_TV" title="Dish TV">Dish TV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D2h" class="mw-redirect" title="D2h">d2h</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zing_Digital" class="mw-redirect" title="Zing Digital">Zing Digital</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_TV" title="Grand TV">Grand TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathway" title="Hathway">Hathway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_TV_(India)" title="Independent TV (India)">Independent TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siti_Networks" title="Siti Networks">Siti Networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Direct" title="Sun Direct">Sun Direct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Play" title="Tata Play">Tata Play</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Infrastructure providers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=GAILTEL&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GAILTEL (page does not exist)">GAILTEL</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=POWERTEL&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="POWERTEL (page does not exist)">POWERTEL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharti_Infratel" title="Bharti Infratel">Bharti Infratel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indus_Towers" title="Indus Towers">Indus Towers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HughesNet" class="mw-redirect" title="HughesNet">HughesNet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Tower" title="American Tower">American Tower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Datacenter providers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Informatics_Centre" title="National Informatics Centre">National Informatics Centre</a></li> <li>ESDS</li> <li>GPX</li> <li>Netmagic</li> <li>NxtGen</li> <li>Nxtra Data</li> <li>Yotta</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tata Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Cloud_Xchange" title="Global Cloud Xchange">Global Cloud Xchange</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Internet exchanges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mumbai_IX" title="Mumbai IX">Mumbai IX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Internet_Exchange_of_India" title="National Internet Exchange of India">National Internet Exchange of India</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AMR_IX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AMR IX (page does not exist)">AMR IX</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extreme_IX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Extreme IX (page does not exist)">Extreme IX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMS-IX" class="mw-redirect" title="AMS-IX">AMS-IX</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Equipment manufacturers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HFCL" title="HFCL">HFCL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterlite_Technologies" title="Sterlite Technologies">Sterlite Technologies</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vindhya_Telelinks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vindhya Telelinks (page does not exist)">Vindhya Telelinks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tejas_Networks" title="Tejas Networks">Tejas Networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Telephone_Industries_Limited" title="Indian Telephone Industries Limited">Indian Telephone Industries Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/REIT_India" title="REIT India">REIT India</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Policies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_India" title="Digital India">Digital India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharat_Broadband_Network" title="Bharat Broadband Network">Bharat Broadband Network</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Telecommunications" title="Department of Telecommunications">Department of Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Electronics_and_Information_Technology" title="Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology">Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Communications_(India)" title="Ministry of Communications (India)">Ministry of Communications (India)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Development_of_Advanced_Computing" title="Centre for Development of Advanced Computing">Centre for Development of Advanced Computing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecom_Regulatory_Authority_of_India" title="Telecom Regulatory Authority of India">Telecom Regulatory Authority of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecom_Disputes_Settlement_and_Appellate_Tribunal" title="Telecom Disputes Settlement and Appellate Tribunal">Telecom Disputes Settlement and Appellate Tribunal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cellular_Operators_Association_of_India" title="Cellular Operators Association of India">Cellular Operators Association of India</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related links</th><td 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