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<!DOCTYPE html> <html > <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport"> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs"> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="9Miarl0wMx0aVbEYitk5c7XuJZ_UH7wyFPijumLQctjZOeISQR5659aeBZZ1gi8Nw-QhMM-wNz5lsh4AJbDQAQ" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="Annual and diurnal wind patterns in the city of São Paulo" /> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2003/01/01" /> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Water, Air, &amp; Soil Pollution: Focus" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Jacyra Soares" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/1276464/Annual_and_diurnal_wind_patterns_in_the_city_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Annual and diurnal wind patterns in the city of São Paulo" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="The major topographic, mesoscale, and urban influences on the wind patterns of the City of São Paulo are characterized using one year of surface wind velocity data observed at 11 surface stations within its urban limits. 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The data was used to study" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://usp-br.academia.edu/JacyraSoares" /> <meta name="description" content="The major topographic, mesoscale, and urban influences on the wind patterns of the City of São Paulo are characterized using one year of surface wind velocity data observed at 11 surface stations within its urban limits. The data was used to study" /> <title>(PDF) Annual and diurnal wind patterns in the city of São Paulo</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/1276464/Annual_and_diurnal_wind_patterns_in_the_city_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = 'b092bf3a3df71cf13feee7c143e83a57eb6b94fb'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1739823615000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1739823615000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"The major topographic, mesoscale, and urban influences on the wind patterns of the City of São Paulo are characterized using one year of surface wind velocity data observed at 11 surface stations within its urban limits. The data was used to study the diurnal and annual variations of wind velocity and horizontal wind divergence within the city. Results showed that the circulation over the investigated area is dominated by three major factors: sea breeze; mountain-valley circulations; and urban effects, such as roughness, building-barrier, and urban heat island. The sea breeze was found to be the dominant feature of the monthly-averaged diurnal variation of São Paulo surface winds during the eight warmest months of the year. The sea breeze front induces a velocity minimum at the time of its passage and a post-frontal afternoon velocity maximum. Mountain-valley thermal effects on the flow can be seen in the temporal divergence/convergence patterns. These thermal effects tend to be more important during colder months, at night, and when the wind velocities are low. Nighttime downslope convergent flows are present over the city during winter and spring and daytime upslope divergent flows are present over the city during summer months.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Jacyra Soares","url":"https://usp-br.academia.edu/JacyraSoares"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2012-01-23","dateModified":"2014-04-22","datePublished":"2003-01-01","headline":"Annual and diurnal wind patterns in the city of São Paulo","image":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/51045089/thumbnails/1.jpg","inLanguage":"en","keywords":[],"publication":"Water, Air, \u0026 Soil Pollution: 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{"work":{"id":1276464,"created_at":"2012-01-23T00:58:12.335-08:00","from_world_paper_id":25609115,"updated_at":"2021-01-14T17:08:43.893-08:00","_data":{"abstract":"The major topographic, mesoscale, and urban influences on the wind patterns of the City of São Paulo are characterized using one year of surface wind velocity data observed at 11 surface stations within its urban limits. The data was used to study the diurnal and annual variations of wind velocity and horizontal wind divergence within the city. Results showed that the circulation over the investigated area is dominated by three major factors: sea breeze; mountain-valley circulations; and urban effects, such as roughness, building-barrier, and urban heat island. The sea breeze was found to be the dominant feature of the monthly-averaged diurnal variation of São Paulo surface winds during the eight warmest months of the year. The sea breeze front induces a velocity minimum at the time of its passage and a post-frontal afternoon velocity maximum. Mountain-valley thermal effects on the flow can be seen in the temporal divergence/convergence patterns. These thermal effects tend to be more important during colder months, at night, and when the wind velocities are low. Nighttime downslope convergent flows are present over the city during winter and spring and daytime upslope divergent flows are present over the city during summer months.","publisher":"Springer","publication_date":"2003,1,1","publication_name":"Water, Air, \u0026 Soil Pollution: Focus"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":2,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Annual and diurnal wind patterns in the city of São Paulo","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [1146171]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":51045089,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Annual and diurnal wind patterns in the city of São Paulo”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/51045089/mini_magick20190126-5467-1czm7za.png?1548545624" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Annual and diurnal wind patterns in the city of São Paulo</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1146171" href="https://usp-br.academia.edu/JacyraSoares"><img alt="Profile image of Jacyra Soares" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/1146171/403626/493417/s65_jacyra.soares.jpg" />Jacyra Soares</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2003, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">14 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 1276464; 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if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">The major topographic, mesoscale, and urban influences on the wind patterns of the City of São Paulo are characterized using one year of surface wind velocity data observed at 11 surface stations within its urban limits. The data was used to study the diurnal and annual variations of wind velocity and horizontal wind divergence within the city. Results showed that the circulation over the investigated area is dominated by three major factors: sea breeze; mountain-valley circulations; and urban effects, such as roughness, building-barrier, and urban heat island. The sea breeze was found to be the dominant feature of the monthly-averaged diurnal variation of São Paulo surface winds during the eight warmest months of the year. The sea breeze front induces a velocity minimum at the time of its passage and a post-frontal afternoon velocity maximum. Mountain-valley thermal effects on the flow can be seen in the temporal divergence/convergence patterns. These thermal effects tend to be more important during colder months, at night, and when the wind velocities are low. Nighttime downslope convergent flows are present over the city during winter and spring and daytime upslope divergent flows are present over the city during summer months.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":51045089,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/1276464/Annual_and_diurnal_wind_patterns_in_the_city_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":51045089,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/1276464/Annual_and_diurnal_wind_patterns_in_the_city_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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This study investigates the influence of sea breeze (SB) propagation on the development of the urban boundary layer (UBL) in the Metropolitan Region of Sao Paulo (MRSP), Brazil, an urban area with complex topography. This investigation is undertaken observationally by analyzing surface and upper air observations conducted in 2013 during the MCITY BRAZIL Project field campaigns and is conducted numerically by performing a set of Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) simulations. The observational analysis highlights two SB events in the MRSP, one in February (austral summer) and the other in August (winter). In both seasons, the passage of the SB front disrupts the convective growth of the UBL and establishes a thermal internal boundary layer, thereby reducing the UBL height. The cooling also momentarily disrupts the UHI circulation. The results indicate that topography enhances SB propagation because it helps the marine air to go up the MRSP coastal escarpment and to reach the plateau while forcing adiabatic cooling of this air, intensifying the thermal gradient between the southern part of the plateau and the urban area. The UHI further increases the thermal gradient (from 0.5 K to 2 K in summer and 1 to 2.5 K in winter), accelerating the SB propagation. Synoptic conditions determine whether the SB front reaches the urban area and also may dislocate the convergence center of the UHI circulation.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Effect of sea breeze propagation on the urban boundary layer of the metropolitan region of Sao Paulo, Brazil","attachmentId":108493642,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/110782395/Effect_of_sea_breeze_propagation_on_the_urban_boundary_layer_of_the_metropolitan_region_of_Sao_Paulo_Brazil","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/110782395/Effect_of_sea_breeze_propagation_on_the_urban_boundary_layer_of_the_metropolitan_region_of_Sao_Paulo_Brazil"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="49026445" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49026445/Characterization_of_the_Predominant_Wind_Speed_and_Direction_in_Santa_Catarina_Brazil">Characterization of the Predominant Wind Speed and Direction in Santa Catarina, Brazil</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="116205594" href="https://portalamericas.academia.edu/J%C3%A9ssicaMedeiros">Jéssica Medeiros</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Revista Brasileira de Climatologia</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Although the state of Santa Catarina has little variation in latitude, it presents significant spatial variations in its climate. Wind is considered an important meteorological variable, but it is not intensively studied and there is a shortage of information on this subject in the region of Santa Catarina. Thus, the objective of this article was to analyze the behavior of the winds in five regions of the state, with different aspects. For that, daily data from National Institute of Meteorology of direction and speed of the winds were used from 1974 to 2016. The conventional meteorological stations used were: Chapecó, Campos Novos, Lages, Indaial and Florianópolis. Regarding wind speed, Florianópolis and Campos Novos registered the highest speeds during the whole year. In the analysis of wind direction, the prevalence of South Atlantic subtropical anticyclone was observed in most of the year in Forianópolis (circulation going north), Lages and Campos Novos (turning northeast) and Ch...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Characterization of the Predominant Wind Speed and Direction in Santa Catarina, Brazil","attachmentId":67411020,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/49026445/Characterization_of_the_Predominant_Wind_Speed_and_Direction_in_Santa_Catarina_Brazil","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/49026445/Characterization_of_the_Predominant_Wind_Speed_and_Direction_in_Santa_Catarina_Brazil"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="28983855" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28983855/Interactions_of_an_urban_heat_island_and_sea_breeze_circulations_during_winter_over_the_metropolitan_area_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo_Brazil">Interactions of an urban heat island and sea-breeze circulations during winter over the metropolitan area of São Paulo, Brazil</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="54645344" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ChristopherRozoff">Christopher Rozoff</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 2007</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The Town Energy Budget (TEB) model, a detailed urban parameterisation using a generalised canyon geometry, coupled with the Regional Atmospheric Modelling System (RAMS) is used to simulate the wintertime local circulation in the megacity environment of the metropolitan area of Sao Paulo (MASP) in Brazil. Model simulations are performed using actual topography and land-use fields. Comparison with a simple urban parameterisation based on the LEAF-2 scheme is also shown. Validation is based on comparison between model simulations and observations. Sensitivity tests with TEB reveal an important interaction between the sea breeze and the MASP heat island circulation. Even though topography is known to play an important role in the MASP region's weather, in these tests the simulations were performed without topography in order to unambiguously identify the interaction between the two local circulations. The urban heat island (UHI) forms a strong convergence zone in the centre of the city and thereby accelerates the sea-breeze front toward the centre of the city. The presence of the urban region increases the sea-breeze front propagation mean speed by about 0.32 m s −1 when compared with the situation of no city. After its arrival in the urban region, the sea-breeze front stalls over the centre of the city for about 2 h. Subsequently, the sea breeze progresses beyond the city when the heat island dissipates. Thereafter, the sea breeze propagates beyond the urban area at a decelerated rate compared to a simulation without an UHI.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Interactions of an urban heat island and sea-breeze circulations during winter over the metropolitan area of São Paulo, Brazil","attachmentId":49428748,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/28983855/Interactions_of_an_urban_heat_island_and_sea_breeze_circulations_during_winter_over_the_metropolitan_area_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo_Brazil","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/28983855/Interactions_of_an_urban_heat_island_and_sea_breeze_circulations_during_winter_over_the_metropolitan_area_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo_Brazil"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="97283131" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/97283131/Wind_speed_and_direction_characterization_in_Tangar%C3%A1_da_Serra_Mato_Grosso_state_Brazil">Wind speed and direction characterization in Tangará da Serra, Mato Grosso state, Brazil</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="30391141" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DioneiSilva">Dionei Silva</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia, 2010</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The aim of this work was to determine the predominant winds speeds and directions in the Tangará da Serra region, locate in Southwest of Mato Grosso State, Brazil. So that, it was used meteorological time series from 2003 to 2008, collected through an Universal Anemometer, installed 10 meters above the ground surface in the Automatic Weather Station by the INMET - Meteorology National Institute at the Mato Grosso State University - UNEMAT (14º39&#39; S, 57º25&#39; W and 321,5 m). The predominant winds directions were characterized by the frequency analysis of daily observations from each month of the year. The months that showed higher speeds were: May, June, July, August and September. March showed the lower average and the lower maximum speeds. In all months, the diurnal winds were higher than the nocturnal ones, the strongest winds had occurred during the warmer hours of the day, i.e. from 13:00 to 17:00 h (local time). The monthly maximum gusts had varied from 15.1 m s-1 in June...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Wind speed and direction characterization in Tangará da Serra, Mato Grosso state, Brazil","attachmentId":98946554,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/97283131/Wind_speed_and_direction_characterization_in_Tangar%C3%A1_da_Serra_Mato_Grosso_state_Brazil","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/97283131/Wind_speed_and_direction_characterization_in_Tangar%C3%A1_da_Serra_Mato_Grosso_state_Brazil"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="11641816" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11641816/Factors_involved_in_the_formation_and_development_of_severe_weather_conditions_over_the_megacity_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo">Factors involved in the formation and development of severe weather conditions over the megacity of São Paulo</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="28432051" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JorgeMartins19">Jorge Martins</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2009</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This work explores the interaction between the Urban Heat Island (UHI) and the sea breeze on a severe weather episode that occurred in February 01, 2003 in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo. The work was developed through numerical modeling of the atmosphere using the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) with high spatial resolution and with a physically appropriate parameterization for urban areas (TEB). A factor separation method, which allows the identification of individual contribution of each factor and their interaction on a specific meteorological field, was used in order to identify the contributions of the UHI and the sea surface temperature (SST) to the event. The results show that UHI positively contributes to the total precipitation occurred during the event and that this contribution is dependent on SST, with distinct responses to its increasing or decreasing. With an increase of 2ºC in the observed SST the UHI can cause an increase of 28% in the total accumulated precipitation in the grid domain. The same temperature increase in a situation that the SST is 2ºC colder results in an increase of 14% only.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Factors involved in the formation and development of severe weather conditions over the megacity of São Paulo","attachmentId":46593004,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11641816/Factors_involved_in_the_formation_and_development_of_severe_weather_conditions_over_the_megacity_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/11641816/Factors_involved_in_the_formation_and_development_of_severe_weather_conditions_over_the_megacity_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="34226991" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34226991/Breeze_Potential_Along_the_Brazilian_Northern_and_Northeastern_Coast">Breeze Potential Along the Brazilian Northern and Northeastern Coast</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="66503175" href="https://cta.academia.edu/JournalofAerospaceTechnologyandManagement">Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management, 2017</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">AbstrAct: The breeze potential along the Brazilian northern and northeastern coast was studied using wind data from the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis for the period between 1980 and 2010. March and September were considered, which are representative of the rainy and dry (or less rainy) periods, respectively. The Brazilian northern and northeastern coast is composed by meridionally oriented coastlines (Amapá State coast and eastern coast of Northeast Brazil) and a zonally oriented coastline (Brazilian northern coast east of Marajó Island). Along the meridionally oriented coastlines, the breeze potential was mainly related to the zonal wind and extended inland over 1 – 2° from the shore. The daily zonal wind cycle maximum (minimum), which represents the land (sea) breeze potential, occurred at ~0700 UTC (~1900 UTC). Along the zonally oriented coastline, the breeze potential was mainly related to the meridional wind and extended inland and offshore over 2 – 3° from the shore. At the shore, the daily meridional wind cycle maximum (minimum), which represents the land (sea) breeze potential, occurred at ~1000 UTC (~2200 UTC). Phase propagation occurred from the shore inland in March and September and also offshore in September. In general, for the entire Brazilian northern and northeastern coast, the breeze potential frequency was higher in September (20 – 25 days per month). In March, while the frequency slightly decreased over the meridionally oriented coastlines (to 15 – 20 days per month), the frequency sharply decreased over the zonally oriented coastlines to 5 – 10 days per month in landside coastal areas and vanished in seaside coastal areas. Higher frequency was generally related to lower interannual variability, and there was significant correlation between the interannual variability of the frequency and oceanic indices, along specific coastal areas. The features of the breeze potential areas obtained in this study complement the results from others and provide a more complete depiction of breeze features along the entire Brazilian northern and northeastern coast.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Breeze Potential Along the Brazilian Northern and Northeastern Coast","attachmentId":54142285,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34226991/Breeze_Potential_Along_the_Brazilian_Northern_and_Northeastern_Coast","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/34226991/Breeze_Potential_Along_the_Brazilian_Northern_and_Northeastern_Coast"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="13601581" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13601581/Urban_boundary_layer_wind_speed_reduction_in_summer_due_to_urban_growth_and_environmental_consequences_in_Lisbon">Urban boundary layer wind speed reduction in summer due to urban growth and environmental consequences in Lisbon</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32776479" href="https://ufba.academia.edu/AntonioLopes">Antonio Lopes</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="4137554" href="https://lisboa.academia.edu/MariaJoaoAlcoforado">Maria Joao Alcoforado</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Environmental Modelling & Software, 2011</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Knowledge of the mesoscale wind systems is very important to understand the dispersion of pollutants, thermal regulation and human comfort in the city. Wind field modifications brought about by the growth of the city of Lisbon and the possible urban environmental impacts are presented. In the last years the city of Lisbon has been growing towards the northern districts and the city center looses an efficient way to remove pollutants and effective way to control thermal comfort because of the consequent reduction in the wind speed average. It was concluded that until the eighties of the 20th century, there was a 30% reduction of the surface summer wind speed over Lisbon and that in the near future the increase of the aerodynamic roughness (z 0 ) from 0.02 m to 1.5 m windward of the city will cause a 40% reduction of the wind speed above the buildings. This information can be very important to help urban planners to plan ventilation paths for the prevailing north winds towards the city center.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Urban boundary layer wind speed reduction in summer due to urban growth and environmental consequences in Lisbon","attachmentId":45166294,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/13601581/Urban_boundary_layer_wind_speed_reduction_in_summer_due_to_urban_growth_and_environmental_consequences_in_Lisbon","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/13601581/Urban_boundary_layer_wind_speed_reduction_in_summer_due_to_urban_growth_and_environmental_consequences_in_Lisbon"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="110087997" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/110087997/Severe_Weather_Caused_by_Heat_Island_and_Sea_Breeze_Effects_in_the_Metropolitan_Area_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo_Brazil">Severe Weather Caused by Heat Island and Sea Breeze Effects in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo, Brazil</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="226705272" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AugustoJosePereiraFilho">Augusto Jose Pereira Filho</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Advances in Meteorology, 2016</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The Metropolitan Area of São Paulo (MASP) is one of the most populated regions of the planet with one of the largest impervious regions as well. This research work aims to characterize MASP heat island (HI) effect and its interaction with the local sea breeze (SB) inflow in rainfall amounts and deep convection. The combined SB-HI produces direct circulation over the MASP and produces severe weather and socioeconomic impacts. All SB-HI episodes between 2005 and 2008 are identified and analyzed with surface and upper air measurements, weather radar, and satellite data. The current work indicates that intense SB-HI episodes are related to air and dew point temperatures above 30°C and 20°C, respectively, right after the passage of the SB front over MASP. Results indicate that the precipitation related to SB-HI episodes is up to 600 mm or about four times higher than that in rural or less urbanized areas in its surroundings. Measurements indicate that 74% of SB-HI episodes are related to...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Severe Weather Caused by Heat Island and Sea Breeze Effects in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo, Brazil","attachmentId":108014488,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/110087997/Severe_Weather_Caused_by_Heat_Island_and_Sea_Breeze_Effects_in_the_Metropolitan_Area_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo_Brazil","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/110087997/Severe_Weather_Caused_by_Heat_Island_and_Sea_Breeze_Effects_in_the_Metropolitan_Area_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo_Brazil"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="64580314" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/64580314/Wind_speed_analysis_based_on_the_logarithmic_wind_shear_model_a_case_study_for_some_brazilian_cities">Wind speed analysis based on the logarithmic wind shear model: a case study for some brazilian cities</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="4558054" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AnnyKeyMendon%C3%A7a">Anny Key Mendonça</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Research, Society and Development, 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The wind power’ share in electricity generating capacity has increased significantly in recent years. Due to the variability in wind power generation, given the variations in wind speed and considering the increase in wind participation in the Brazilian energy matrix, a fact that reinforces the relevance of the source, this article aims to present the methods used to analyze the wind speed more used in the literature and to analyze the wind speed in several Brazilian cities. The logarithmic wind shear model was used to analyze mean wind speeds based on historical data of twelve Brazilian cities available to the public on the ESRL database for a period of eight years 2010 to 2018. The study showed that in localities such as Uruguaiana/RS, Campo Grande/MS, Uberlândia/MG, Sao Luiz/MA and Corumba/MS, mean wind speeds are strong in all altitudes of reference, with a gain of ± 2m/s of wind speed as the operational altitude increases. The logarithmic wind gain in high altitudes or low alti...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Wind speed analysis based on the logarithmic wind shear model: a case study for some brazilian cities","attachmentId":76551456,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/64580314/Wind_speed_analysis_based_on_the_logarithmic_wind_shear_model_a_case_study_for_some_brazilian_cities","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/64580314/Wind_speed_analysis_based_on_the_logarithmic_wind_shear_model_a_case_study_for_some_brazilian_cities"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="22344396" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22344396/Modelling_of_the_esturiane_breeze_of_Lisbon_Portugal_preliminary_results">Modelling of the esturiane breeze of Lisbon (Portugal): preliminary results</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="29316988" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RuiSalgado">Rui Salgado</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Se sabe que las brisas pueden beneficiar el clima urbano de Lisboa. La brisa del estuario en Lisboa parece ser un fenómeno que ocurre cuando el viento del norte és más débil y cuando las diferencias de la temperatura de la ciudad y el estuario son grandes. La modelización de la brisa del estuario permitió un conocimiento mejor de la extención de la brisa en Lisboa. El objectivo principal de esta comunicación es entender de que forma las brisas del estuario penetra en la ciudad de Lisboa, contribuir para el conocimiento de los campos del viento en Lisboa y ayudar a definir los principios climáticos para el planeamiento urbano.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Modelling of the esturiane breeze of Lisbon (Portugal): preliminary results","attachmentId":42975847,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22344396/Modelling_of_the_esturiane_breeze_of_Lisbon_Portugal_preliminary_results","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/22344396/Modelling_of_the_esturiane_breeze_of_Lisbon_Portugal_preliminary_results"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":51045089,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":51045089,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_51045089" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="105145583" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/105145583/Analysis_of_long_range_correlations_of_wind_speed_in_different_regions_of_Bahia_and_the_Abrolhos_Archipelago_Brazil">Analysis of long-range correlations of wind speed in different regions of Bahia and the Abrolhos Archipelago, Brazil</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="30032622" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Jos%C3%A9VicenteCardosoSantos">José Vicente Cardoso Santos</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Energy, 2018</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Analysis of long-range correlations of wind speed in different regions of Bahia and the Abrolhos Archipelago, Brazil","attachmentId":104679540,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/105145583/Analysis_of_long_range_correlations_of_wind_speed_in_different_regions_of_Bahia_and_the_Abrolhos_Archipelago_Brazil","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/105145583/Analysis_of_long_range_correlations_of_wind_speed_in_different_regions_of_Bahia_and_the_Abrolhos_Archipelago_Brazil"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="127070285" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/127070285/Variability_of_boundary_layer_processes_for_the_metropolitan_area_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo_during_winter">Variability of boundary layer processes for the metropolitan area of São Paulo during winter</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="43998892" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MariadeFatimaAndrade">Maria de Fatima Andrade</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Ciência e Natura, 2000</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Variability of boundary layer processes for the metropolitan area of São Paulo during winter","attachmentId":120857769,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/127070285/Variability_of_boundary_layer_processes_for_the_metropolitan_area_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo_during_winter","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" 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