Hybrid Mode Overview - Kong Gateway - v3.1.x

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subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-1-7-how-kong-works-subtree" role="group" aria-label="How Kong Works"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/how-kong-works/routing-traffic/"> Routing Traffic </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/how-kong-works/load-balancing/"> Load Balancing </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/how-kong-works/health-checks/"> Health Checks and Circuit Breakers </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/how-kong-works/performance-testing/"> Kong Performance Testing </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/glossary/"> Glossary </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-2-get-started-with-kong-subtree"> <img src="/assets/images/icons/documentation/icn-learning.svg" alt=""> Get Started with Kong <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Get Started with Kong subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-2-get-started-with-kong-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Get Started with Kong"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/get-started/"> Get Kong </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/get-started/services-and-routes/"> Services and Routes </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/get-started/rate-limiting/"> Rate Limiting </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/get-started/proxy-caching/"> Proxy Caching </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/get-started/key-authentication/"> Key Authentication </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/get-started/load-balancing/"> Load-Balancing </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li 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class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/deployment-topologies/"> Overview </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/deployment-topologies/kubernetes/"> Kubernetes Topologies </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-3-1-3-hybrid-mode-subtree"> Hybrid Mode <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Hybrid Mode subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-3-1-3-hybrid-mode-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Hybrid Mode"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/deployment-topologies/hybrid-mode/"> Overview </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/deployment-topologies/hybrid-mode/setup/"> Deploy Kong Gateway in Hybrid mode </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/deployment-topologies/db-less-and-declarative-config/"> DB-less Deployment </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/deployment-topologies/traditional/"> Traditional </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-3-2-installation-options-subtree"> Installation Options <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Installation Options subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-3-2-installation-options-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Installation Options"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/install/"> Overview </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-3-2-2-kubernetes-subtree"> Kubernetes <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Kubernetes subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-3-2-2-kubernetes-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Kubernetes"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/install/kubernetes/"> Overview </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/install/kubernetes/proxy/"> Install Kong Gateway </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/install/kubernetes/admin/"> Configure the Admin API </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/install/kubernetes/manager/"> Install Kong Manager </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/install/kubernetes/portal/"> Install Developer Portal </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-3-2-3-docker-subtree"> Docker <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Docker subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-3-2-3-docker-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Docker"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/install/docker/"> Using docker run </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/install/docker/build-custom-images/"> Build your own Docker images </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-3-2-4-linux-subtree"> Linux <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Linux subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-3-2-4-linux-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Linux"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/install/linux/amazon-linux/"> Amazon Linux </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/install/linux/debian/"> Debian </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/install/linux/rhel/"> Red Hat </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/install/linux/ubuntu/"> Ubuntu </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-3-2-5-post-installation-subtree"> Post-installation <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Post-installation subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-3-2-5-post-installation-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Post-installation"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/install/post-install/set-up-data-store/"> Set up a data store </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/install/post-install/enterprise-license/"> Apply Enterprise license </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/install/post-install/kong-manager/"> Enable Kong Manager (Enterprise) </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-3-3-running-kong-subtree"> Running Kong <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Running Kong subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-3-3-running-kong-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Running Kong"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/running-kong/kong-user/"> Running Kong as a non-root user </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/running-kong/secure-admin-api/"> Securing the Admin API </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/running-kong/systemd/"> Using systemd </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-3-4-access-control-subtree"> Access Control <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Access Control subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-3-4-access-control-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Access Control"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/access-control/start-securely/"> Start Kong Gateway Securely </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/access-control/register-admin-api/"> Programmatically Creating Admins </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/access-control/enable-rbac/"> Enabling RBAC </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-3-5-licenses-subtree"> Licenses <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Licenses subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-3-5-licenses-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Licenses"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/licenses/"> Overview </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/licenses/download/"> Download your License </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/licenses/deploy/"> Deploy Enterprise License </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/licenses/examples/"> Using the License API </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/licenses/report/"> Monitor Licenses Usage </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-3-6-networking-subtree"> Networking <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Networking subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-3-6-networking-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Networking"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/networking/default-ports/"> Default Ports </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/networking/dns-considerations/"> DNS Considerations </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/networking/firewall/"> Network and Firewall </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/networking/cp-dp-proxy/"> CP/DP Communication through a Forward Proxy </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/kong-conf/"> Kong Configuration File </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/environment-variables/"> Environment Variables </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/website-api-serving/"> Serving a Website and APIs from Kong </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-3-10-monitoring-subtree"> Monitoring <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Monitoring subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-3-10-monitoring-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Monitoring"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/monitoring/"> Overview </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/monitoring/prometheus/"> Prometheus </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/monitoring/statsd/"> StatsD </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/monitoring/datadog/"> Datadog </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-3-11-tracing-subtree"> Tracing <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Tracing subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-3-11-tracing-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Tracing"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/tracing/"> Overview </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/tracing/write-custom-trace-exporter/"> Writing a Custom Trace Exporter </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/tracing/api/"> Tracing API Reference </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/sizing-guidelines/"> Resource Sizing Guidelines </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/security-update-process/"> Security Update Process </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/blue-green/"> Blue-Green Deployments </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/canary/"> Canary Deployments </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/clustering/"> Clustering Reference </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-3-17-logging-subtree"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/logging/"> Logging </a> <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Logging subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-3-17-logging-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Logging"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/logging/log-reference/"> Log Reference </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/logging/update-log-level-dynamically/"> Dynamic log level updates </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/logging/customize-gateway-logs/"> Customize Gateway Logs </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/configuring-a-grpc-service/"> Configure a gRPC service </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/key-concepts/routes/expressions/"> Use the Expressions Router </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-3-20-upgrade-and-migration-subtree"> Upgrade and Migration <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Upgrade and Migration subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-3-20-upgrade-and-migration-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Upgrade and Migration"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/upgrade/"> Upgrading Kong Gateway 3.x.x </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/upgrade/backup-and-restore/"> Backup and Restore </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-3-20-3-upgrade-strategies-subtree"> Upgrade Strategies <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Upgrade Strategies subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-3-20-3-upgrade-strategies-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Upgrade Strategies"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/upgrade/dual-cluster/"> Dual-Cluster Upgrade </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/upgrade/in-place/"> In-Place Upgrade </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/upgrade/blue-green/"> Blue-Green Upgrade </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/upgrade/rolling-upgrade/"> Rolling Upgrade </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/upgrade/lts-upgrade/"> Upgrade from 2.8 LTS to 3.4 LTS </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/migrate-ce-to-ke/"> Migrate from OSS to Enterprise </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/migrate-cassandra-to-postgres/"> Migration Guidelines Cassandra to PostgreSQL </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/production/breaking-changes/"> Breaking Changes </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-4-kong-gateway-enterprise-subtree"> <img src="/assets/images/icons/documentation/icn-enterprise-blue.svg" alt=""> Kong Gateway Enterprise <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Kong Gateway Enterprise subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-4-kong-gateway-enterprise-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Kong Gateway Enterprise"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/"> Overview </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-4-2-kong-vitals-subtree"> Kong Vitals <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Kong Vitals subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-4-2-kong-vitals-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Kong Vitals"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/analytics/"> Overview </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/analytics/metrics/"> Metrics </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/analytics/influx-strategy/"> Analytics with InfluxDB </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/analytics/prometheus-strategy/"> Analytics with Prometheus </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/analytics/estimates/"> Estimate Analytics Storage in PostgreSQL </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-4-3-secrets-management-subtree"> Secrets Management <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Secrets Management subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-4-3-secrets-management-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Secrets Management"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/secrets-management/"> Overview </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/secrets-management/getting-started/"> Getting Started </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/secrets-management/advanced-usage/"> Advanced Usage </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-4-3-4-backends-subtree"> Backends <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Backends subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-4-3-4-backends-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Backends"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/secrets-management/backends/"> Overview </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/secrets-management/backends/env/"> Environment Variables </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/secrets-management/backends/aws-sm/"> AWS Secrets Manager </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/secrets-management/backends/gcp-sm/"> Google Cloud Secret Manager </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/secrets-management/backends/hashicorp-vault/"> HashiCorp Vault </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-4-3-5-how-to-subtree"> How-To <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle How-To subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-4-3-5-how-to-subtree" role="group" aria-label="How-To"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/secrets-management/how-to/aws-secrets-manager/"> Securing the Database with AWS Secrets Manager </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/secrets-management/reference-format/"> Reference Format </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-4-4-dynamic-plugin-ordering-subtree"> Dynamic Plugin Ordering <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Dynamic Plugin Ordering subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-4-4-dynamic-plugin-ordering-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Dynamic Plugin Ordering"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/plugin-ordering/"> Overview </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/plugin-ordering/get-started/"> Get Started with Dynamic Plugin Ordering </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-4-5-dev-portal-subtree"> Dev Portal <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Dev Portal subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-4-5-dev-portal-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Dev Portal"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/"> Overview </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/enable/"> Enable the Dev Portal </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/publish-spec/"> Publish an OpenAPI Spec </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/structure-and-file-types/"> Structure and File Types </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/themes/"> Themes Files </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/working-with-templates/"> Working with Templates </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/using-the-editor/"> Using the Editor </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-4-5-8-authentication-and-authorization-subtree"> Authentication and Authorization <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Authentication and Authorization subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-4-5-8-authentication-and-authorization-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Authentication and Authorization"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/authentication/basic-auth/"> Basic Auth </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/authentication/key-auth/"> Key Auth </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/authentication/oidc/"> OIDC </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/authentication/sessions/"> Sessions </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/authentication/adding-registration-fields/"> Adding Custom Registration Fields </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/authentication/managing-developers/"> Manage Developers </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/authentication/developer-permissions/"> Developer Roles and Content Permissions </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-4-5-9-application-registration-subtree"> Application Registration <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Application Registration subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-4-5-9-application-registration-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Application Registration"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/applications/auth-provider-strategy/"> Authorization Provider Strategy </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/applications/enable-application-registration/"> Enable Application Registration </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/applications/enable-key-auth-plugin/"> Enable Key Authentication for Application Registration </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-4-5-9-4-enable-external-authentication-subtree"> Enable External Authentication <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Enable External Authentication subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-4-5-9-4-enable-external-authentication-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Enable External Authentication"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/authentication/3rd-party-oauth/"> External OAuth2 Support </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/authentication/okta-config/"> Set up Okta and Kong for External Oauth </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/authentication/azure-oidc-config/"> Set up Azure AD and Kong for External Authentication </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/applications/managing-applications/"> Manage Applications </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-4-5-10-customize-dev-portal-subtree"> Customize Dev Portal <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Customize Dev Portal subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-4-5-10-customize-dev-portal-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Customize Dev Portal"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/customize/theme-editing/"> Theme Editing </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/customize/migrating-templates/"> Migrating Templates Between Workspaces </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/customize/markdown-extended/"> Markdown Rendering Module </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/customize/emails/"> Customizing Portal Emails </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/customize/adding-javascript-assets/"> Adding and Using JavaScript Assets </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/customize/single-page-app/"> Single Page App in Dev Portal </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/customize/alternate-openapi-renderer/"> Alternate OpenAPI Renderer </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/smtp/"> SMTP </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/workspaces/"> Workspaces </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/dev-portal/cli/"> Helpers CLI </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/dev-portal/api/v1/"> Portal API Documentation </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/audit-log/"> Audit Logging </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/db-encryption/"> Keyring and Data Encryption </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/workspaces/"> Workspaces </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/consumer-groups/"> Consumer Groups </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/event-hooks/"> Event Hooks </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-enterprise/fips-support/"> FIPS 140-2 </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-5-kong-manager-subtree"> <img src="/assets/images/icons/documentation/icn-manager-color.svg" alt=""> Kong Manager <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Kong Manager subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-5-kong-manager-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Kong Manager"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/"> Overview </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/enable/"> Enable Kong Manager </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-5-3-get-started-with-kong-manager-subtree"> Get Started with Kong Manager <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Get Started with Kong Manager subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-5-3-get-started-with-kong-manager-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Get Started with Kong Manager"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/get-started/services-and-routes/"> Services and Routes </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/get-started/rate-limiting/"> Rate Limiting </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/get-started/proxy-caching/"> Proxy Caching </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/get-started/consumers/"> Authentication with Consumers </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/get-started/load-balancing/"> Load Balancing </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-5-4-authentication-and-authorization-subtree"> Authentication and Authorization <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Authentication and Authorization subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-5-4-authentication-and-authorization-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Authentication and Authorization"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/auth/"> Overview </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/auth/super-admin/"> Create a Super Admin </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/auth/workspaces-and-teams/"> Workspaces and Teams </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/auth/reset-password/"> Reset Passwords and RBAC Tokens </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/auth/basic/"> Basic Auth </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-5-4-6-ldap-subtree"> LDAP <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle LDAP subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-5-4-6-ldap-subtree" role="group" aria-label="LDAP"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/auth/ldap/configure/"> Configure LDAP </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/auth/ldap/service-directory-mapping/"> LDAP Service Directory Mapping </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-5-4-7-oidc-subtree"> OIDC <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle OIDC subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-5-4-7-oidc-subtree" role="group" aria-label="OIDC"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/auth/oidc/configure/"> Configure OIDC </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/auth/oidc/mapping/"> OIDC Authenticated Group Mapping </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/auth/sessions/"> Sessions </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-5-4-9-rbac-subtree"> RBAC <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle RBAC subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-5-4-9-rbac-subtree" role="group" aria-label="RBAC"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/auth/rbac/"> Overview </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/auth/rbac/enable/"> Enable RBAC </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/auth/rbac/add-role/"> Add a Role and Permissions </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/auth/rbac/add-user/"> Create a User </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/auth/rbac/add-admin/"> Create an Admin </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/networking/"> Networking Configuration </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/workspaces/"> Workspaces </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/consumer-groups/"> Create Consumer Groups </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-manager/configuring-to-send-email/"> Sending Email </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-6-develop-custom-plugins-subtree"> <img src="/assets/images/icons/documentation/icn-dev-portal-color.svg" alt=""> Develop Custom Plugins <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Develop Custom Plugins subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-6-develop-custom-plugins-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Develop Custom Plugins"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/"> Overview </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/file-structure/"> File Structure </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/custom-logic/"> Implementing Custom Logic </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/configuration/"> Plugin Configuration </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/access-the-datastore/"> Accessing the Data Store </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/custom-entities/"> Storing Custom Entities </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/entities-cache/"> Caching Custom Entities </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/admin-api/"> Extending the Admin API </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/tests/"> Writing Tests </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/distribution/"> (un)Installing your Plugin </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-6-11-plugin-development-kit-subtree"> Plugin Development Kit <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Plugin Development Kit subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-6-11-plugin-development-kit-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Plugin Development Kit"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pdk/"> Overview </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pdk/kong.client/"> kong.client </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pdk/kong.client.tls/"> kong.client.tls </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pdk/kong.cluster/"> kong.cluster </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pdk/kong.ctx/"> kong.ctx </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pdk/kong.ip/"> kong.ip </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pdk/kong.jwe/"> kong.jwe </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pdk/kong.log/"> kong.log </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pdk/kong.nginx/"> kong.nginx </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pdk/kong.node/"> kong.node </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pdk/kong.request/"> kong.request </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pdk/kong.response/"> kong.response </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pdk/kong.router/"> kong.router </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pdk/kong.service/"> kong.service </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pdk/kong.service.request/"> kong.service.request </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pdk/kong.service.response/"> kong.service.response </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pdk/kong.table/"> kong.table </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pdk/kong.tracing/"> kong.tracing </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pdk/kong.vault/"> kong.vault </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pdk/kong.websocket.client/"> kong.websocket.client </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pdk/kong.websocket.upstream/"> kong.websocket.upstream </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-6-12-plugins-in-other-languages-subtree"> Plugins in Other Languages <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Plugins in Other Languages subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-6-12-plugins-in-other-languages-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Plugins in Other Languages"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pluginserver/go/"> Go </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pluginserver/javascript/"> Javascript </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pluginserver/python/"> Python </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pluginserver/plugins-kubernetes/"> Running Plugins in Containers </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/plugin-development/pluginserver/performance/"> External Plugin Performance </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-7-kong-plugins-subtree"> <img src="/assets/images/icons/documentation/icn-api-plugins-color.svg" alt=""> Kong Plugins <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Kong Plugins subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-7-kong-plugins-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Kong Plugins"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-plugins/"> Overview </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-plugins/authentication/reference/"> Authentication Reference </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/kong-plugins/authentication/allowing-multiple-authentication-methods/"> Allow Multiple Authentication Plugins </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label" aria-expanded="false" aria-owns="id-8-admin-api-subtree"> <img src="/assets/images/icons/documentation/icn-admin-api-color.svg" alt=""> Admin API <button class="sidebar-tree-toggle" aria-label="toggle Admin API subtree" tabindex="-1"> <i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i> </button> </span> <ul class="items" id="id-8-admin-api-subtree" role="group" aria-label="Admin API"> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/"> Overview </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/#information-routes"> Information Routes </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/#health-routes"> Health Routes </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/#tags"> Tags </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/#debug-routes"> Debug Routes </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/#service-object"> Services </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/#route-object"> Routes </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/#consumer-object"> Consumers </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/#plugin-object"> Plugins </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/#certificate-object"> Certificates </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/#ca-certificate-object"> CA Certificates </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/#sni-object"> SNIs </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/#upstream-object"> Upstreams </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/#target-object"> Targets </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/#vaults-object"> Vaults </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/#keys-object"> Keys </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/licenses/reference/"> Licenses </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/workspaces/reference/"> Workspaces </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/rbac/reference/"> RBAC </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/admins/reference/"> Admins </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> <span role="treeitem" class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/developers/reference/"> Developers </a> </span> </li> <li class="sidebar-item" role="none"> 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class="sidebar-label"> <a class="sidebar-link" tabindex="-1" href="/gateway/3.1.x/reference/faq/"> FAQ </a> </span> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </aside> <aside class="docs-toc"> <i class="fa fa-times close-sidebar"></i> <i class="fa fa-chevron-right collapse-toc"></i> <i class="far fa-list-alt expand-toc"></i> <div id="oss-ee-toggle" data-current="Enterprise" style="display: none"> <span class="oss-ee-toggle-inner"> <img src="/assets/images/icons/icn-enterprise-black.svg" alt="enterprise-switcher-icon"> <span>Switch to <span id="switch-to-version">OSS</span></span> </span> </div> <div class="docs-toc-title"> <img src="/assets/images/icons/hub-layout/icn-on-this-page.svg" alt="On this page"><a href="#">On this page</a> </div> <ul> <li><a href="#benefits" class="active scroll-to">Benefits</a></li> <li> <a href="#platform-compatibility" class="scroll-to">Platform Compatibility</a> <ul> <li><a href="#kubernetes-support-and-additional-documentation" class="scroll-to">Kubernetes Support and Additional Documentation</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#version-compatibility" class="scroll-to">Version Compatibility</a></li> <li> <a href="#fault-tolerance" class="scroll-to">Fault tolerance</a> <ul> <li><a href="#disconnected-mode" class="scroll-to">Disconnected Mode</a></li> <li><a href="#data-plane-cache-configuration" class="scroll-to">Data plane cache configuration</a></li> </ul> </li> <li> <a href="#limitations" class="scroll-to">Limitations</a> <ul> <li><a href="#configuration-inflexibility" class="scroll-to">Configuration Inflexibility</a></li> <li><a href="#plugin-incompatibility" class="scroll-to">Plugin Incompatibility</a></li> <li><a href="#custom-plugins" class="scroll-to">Custom Plugins</a></li> <li><a href="#load-balancing" class="scroll-to">Load Balancing</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#readonly-status-api-endpoints-on-data-plane" class="scroll-to">Readonly Status API endpoints on data plane</a></li> <li><a href="#keyring-encryption-in-hybrid-mode" class="scroll-to">Keyring encryption in hybrid mode</a></li> </ul> </aside> <div class="page-content-container page-content-container-doc v2 " id="documentation"> <div class="toggles "> <i class="far fa-list-alt toc-sidebar-toggle"></i> </div> <div class="page-content"> <div class="content show-anchor-links"> <blockquote id="version-notice" class="important"> You are browsing documentation for an older version. See the <a href="/gateway/latest/production/deployment-topologies/hybrid-mode/">latest documentation here</a>. </blockquote> <h1 tabindex="-1" id="main" class="page-content-title">Hybrid Mode Overview </h1> <p>Traditionally, Kong has always required a database, to store configured entities such as routes, services, and plugins. Hybrid mode, also known as control plane / data plane separation (CP/DP), removes the need for a database on every node.</p> <p>In this mode, Kong nodes in a cluster are split into two roles: control plane (CP), where configuration is managed and the Admin API is served from; and data plane (DP), which serves traffic for the proxy. Each DP node is connected to one of the CP nodes, and only the CP nodes are directly connected to a database.</p> <p>Instead of accessing the database contents directly, the DP nodes maintain a connection with CP nodes to receive the latest configuration.</p>  <script type="module"> import mermaid from 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mermaid@10/dist/mermaid.esm.min.mjs'; mermaid.initialize({ startOnLoad: true, theme: 'base', themeVariables: { 'primaryColor': '#fff', 'primaryBorderColor': '#4a86e8', 'primaryTextColor': '#495c64', 'secondaryColor': '#fff', 'secondaryTextColor': '#5096f2', 'tertiaryBorderColor': '#AAB4BB', 'edgeLabelBackground': '#fff', 'fontFamily': 'Roboto', 'fontSize': '15px', 'lineColor': '#99b0c0', 'activationBorderColor': '#c2d4e0', 'sequenceNumberColor': '#fff' } }); </script> <pre class="mermaid"> flowchart TD A[(Database)] B(<img src="/assets/images/logos/kogo-white.svg" style="max-height:20px" class="no-image-expand"> Control plane \n #40;Kong Gateway instance#41;) C(<img src="/assets/images/logos/KogoBlue.svg" style="max-height:20px" class="no-image-expand"> Data plane 3\n #40;Kong Gateway instance#41;) D(<img src="/assets/images/logos/KogoBlue.svg" style="max-height:20px" class="no-image-expand"> Data plane 1\n #40;Kong Gateway instance#41;) E(<img src="/assets/images/logos/KogoBlue.svg" style="max-height:20px" class="no-image-expand"> Data plane 2\n #40;Kong Gateway instance#41;) subgraph id1 [Self-managed control plane node] A---B end B --Kong proxy configuration---> id2 & id3 subgraph id2 [Self-managed on-premise node] C end subgraph id3 [Self-managed cloud nodes] D E end style id1 stroke-dasharray:3,rx:10,ry:10 style id2 stroke-dasharray:3,rx:10,ry:10 style id3 stroke-dasharray:3,rx:10,ry:10 style B stroke:none,fill:#0E44A2,color:#fff </pre>  <blockquote> <p><em>Figure 2: In self-managed hybrid mode, the control plane and data planes are hosted on different nodes. The control plane connects to the database, and the data planes receive configuration from the control plane.</em></p> </blockquote> <p>When you create a new data plane node, it establishes a connection to the control plane. The control plane listens on port <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">8005</code> for connections and tracks any incoming data from its data planes.</p> <p>Once connected, every Admin API or Kong Manager action on the control plane triggers an update to the data planes in the cluster.</p> <h2 id="benefits">Benefits</h2> <p>Hybrid mode deployments have the following benefits:</p> <ul> <li> <strong>Deployment flexibility:</strong> Users can deploy groups of data planes in different data centers, geographies, or zones without needing a local clustered database for each DP group.</li> <li> <strong>Increased reliability:</strong> The availability of the database does not affect the availability of the data planes. Each DP caches the latest configuration it received from the control plane on local disk storage, so if CP nodes are down, the DP nodes keep functioning. <ul> <li>While the CP is down, DP nodes constantly try to reestablish communication.</li> <li>DP nodes can be restarted while the CP is down, and still proxy traffic normally.</li> </ul> </li> <li> <strong>Traffic reduction:</strong> Drastically reduces the amount of traffic to and from the database, since only CP nodes need a direct connection to the database.</li> <li> <strong>Increased security:</strong> If one of the DP nodes is compromised, an attacker won’t be able to affect other nodes in the Kong cluster.</li> <li> <strong>Ease of management:</strong> Admins only need to interact with the CP nodes to control and monitor the status of the entire Kong cluster.</li> </ul> <h2 id="platform-compatibility">Platform Compatibility</h2> <p>You can run Kong Gateway in hybrid mode on any platform where Kong Gateway is <a href="/gateway/3.1.x/install/">supported</a>.</p> <h3 id="kubernetes-support-and-additional-documentation">Kubernetes Support and Additional Documentation</h3> <p><a href="/gateway/3.1.x/install/kubernetes/helm-quickstart">Kong Gateway on Kubernetes</a> fully supports hybrid mode deployments, with or without the Kong Ingress Controller.</p> <p>For the full Kubernetes hybrid mode documentation, see <a href="https://github.com/Kong/charts/blob/main/charts/kong/README.md#hybrid-mode" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow noreferrer ">hybrid mode</a> in the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">kong/charts</code> repository.</p> <h2 id="version-compatibility">Version Compatibility</h2> <p>Kong Gateway control planes only allow connections from data planes with the same major version. Control planes won’t allow connections from data planes with newer minor versions.</p> <p>For example, a Kong Gateway v2.5.2 control plane:</p> <ul> <li>Accepts a Kong Gateway 2.5.0, 2.5.1 and 2.5.2 data plane.</li> <li>Accepts a Kong Gateway 2.3.8, 2.2.1 and 2.2.0 data plane.</li> <li>Accepts a Kong Gateway 2.5.3 data plane (newer patch version on the data plane is accepted).</li> <li>Rejects a Kong Gateway 1.0.0 data plane (major version differs).</li> <li>Rejects a Kong Gateway 2.6.0 data plane (minor version on data plane is newer).</li> </ul> <p>Furthermore, for every plugin that is configured on the Kong Gateway control plane, new configs are only pushed to data planes that have those configured plugins installed and loaded. The major version of those configured plugins must be the same on both the control planes and data planes. Also, the minor versions of the plugins on the data planes can not be newer than versions installed on the control planes. Similar to Kong Gateway version checks, plugin patch versions are also ignored when determining compatibility.</p> <blockquote class="important"> <p>Configured plugins means any plugin that is either enabled globally or configured by services, routes, or consumers.</p> </blockquote> <p>For example, if a Kong Gateway control plane has <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">plugin1</code> v1.1.1 and <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">plugin2</code> v2.1.0 installed, and <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">plugin1</code> is configured by a <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">Route</code> object:</p> <ul> <li>It accepts Kong Gateway data planes with <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">plugin1</code> v1.1.2, <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">plugin2</code> not installed.</li> <li>It accepts Kong Gateway data planes with <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">plugin1</code> v1.1.2, <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">plugin2</code> v2.1.0, and <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">plugin3</code> v9.8.1 installed.</li> <li>It accepts Kong Gateway data planes with <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">plugin1</code> v1.1.1 and <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">plugin3</code> v9.8.1 installed.</li> <li>It rejects Kong Gateway data planes with <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">plugin1</code> v1.2.0, <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">plugin2</code> v2.1.0 installed (minor version of plugin on data plane is newer).</li> <li>It rejects Kong Gateway data planes with <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">plugin1</code> not installed (plugin configured on control plane but not installed on data plane).</li> </ul> <p>Version compatibility checks between the control plane and data plane occur at configuration read time. As each data plane proxy receives configuration updates, it checks to see if it can enable the requested features. If the control plane has a newer version of Kong Gateway than the data plane proxy, but the configuration doesn’t include any new features from that newer version, the data plane proxy reads and applies it as expected.</p> <p>For instance, a new version of Kong Gateway includes a new plugin offering, and you update your control plane with that version. You can still send configurations to your data planes that are on a less recent version as long as you have not added the new plugin offering to your configuration. If you add the new plugin to your configuration, you will need to update your data planes to the newer version for the data planes to continue to read from the control plane.</p> <p>If the compatibility checks fail, the control plane stops pushing out new config to the incompatible data planes to avoid breaking them.</p> <p>If a config can not be pushed to a data plane due to failure of the compatibility checks, the control plane will contain <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">warn</code> level lines in the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">error.log</code> similar to the following:</p> <div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>unable to send updated configuration to DP node with <span class="nb">hostname</span>: localhost.localdomain ip: 127.0.0.1 reason: version mismatches, CP version: 2.2 DP version: 2.1 unable to send updated configuration to DP node with <span class="nb">hostname</span>: localhost.localdomain ip: 127.0.0.1 reason: CP and DP does not have same <span class="nb">set </span>of plugins installed or their versions might differ </code></pre></div></div> <p>In addition, the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/clustering/data-planes</code> Admin API endpoint returns the version of the data plane node and the latest config hash the node is using. This data helps detect version incompatibilities from the control plane side.</p> <h2 id="fault-tolerance">Fault tolerance</h2> <p>If control plane nodes are down, the data plane will keep functioning. Data plane caches the latest configuration it received from the control plane on the local disk. In case the control plane stops working, the data plane will keep serving requests using cached configurations. It does so while constantly trying to reestablish communication with the control plane.</p> <p>This means that the control plane nodes can be stopped even for extended periods of time, and the data plane will still proxy traffic normally. Data plane nodes can be restarted while in disconnected mode, and will load the last configuration in the cache to start working. When the control plane is brought up again, the data plane nodes will contact them and resume connected mode.</p> <h3 id="disconnected-mode">Disconnected Mode</h3> <p>The viability of the data plane while disconnected means that control plane updates or database restores can be done with peace of mind. First bring down the control plane, perform all required downtime processes, and only bring up the control plane after verifying the success and correctness of the procedure. During that time, the data plane will keep working with the latest configuration.</p> <p>A new data plane node can be provisioned during control plane downtime. This requires either copying the LMDB directory (<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">dbless.lmdb</code>) from another data plane node, or using a declarative configuration. In either case, if it has the role of <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">"data_plane"</code>, it will also keep trying to contact the control plane until it’s up again.</p> <p>To change a disconnected data plane node’s configuration, you have to remove the LMDB directory (<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">dbless.lmdb</code>), ensure the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">declarative_config</code> parameter or the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">KONG_DECLARATIVE_CONFIG</code> environment variable is set, and set the whole configuration in the referenced YAML file.</p> <h3 class="badge enterprise" id="data-plane-cache-configuration">Data plane cache configuration</h3> <p>By default, data planes store their configuration to the file system in an unencrypted LMDB database, <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">dbless.lmdb</code>, in Kong Gateway’s <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">prefix</code> path. You can also choose to encrypt this database.</p> <p>If encrypted, the data plane uses the cluster certificate key to decrypt the LMDB database on startup.</p> <h2 id="limitations">Limitations</h2> <h3 id="configuration-inflexibility">Configuration Inflexibility</h3> <p>When a configuration change is made at the control plane level via the Admin API, it immediately triggers a cluster-wide update of all data plane configurations. This means that the same configuration is synced from the CP to all DPs, and the update cannot be scheduled or batched. For different DPs to have different configurations, they will need their own CP instances.</p> <h3 id="plugin-incompatibility">Plugin Incompatibility</h3> <p>When plugins are running on a data plane in hybrid mode, there is no Admin API exposed directly from that DP. Since the Admin API is only exposed from the control plane, all plugin configuration has to occur from the CP. Due to this setup, and the configuration sync format between the CP and the DP, some plugins have limitations in hybrid mode:</p> <ul> <li> <a href="/hub/kong-inc/key-auth-enc/"><strong>Key Auth Encrypted</strong></a>: The time-to-live setting (<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">ttl</code>), which determines the length of time a credential remains valid, does not work in hybrid mode.</li> <li> <a href="/hub/kong-inc/rate-limiting/"><strong>Rate Limiting</strong></a>, <a href="/hub/kong-inc/rate-limiting-advanced/"><strong>Rate Limiting Advanced</strong></a>, and <a href="/hub/kong-inc/response-ratelimiting/"><strong>Response Rate Limiting</strong></a>: These plugins don’t support the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">cluster</code> strategy/policy in hybrid mode. One of the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">local</code> or <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">redis</code> strategies/policies must be used instead.</li> <li> <a href="/hub/kong-inc/graphql-rate-limiting-advanced/"><strong>GraphQL Rate Limiting Advanced</strong></a>: This plugins doesn’t support the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">cluster</code> strategy in hybrid mode. The <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">redis</code> strategy must be used instead.</li> <li> <a href="/hub/kong-inc/oauth2/"><strong>OAuth 2.0 Authentication</strong></a>: This plugin is not compatible with hybrid mode. For its regular workflow, the plugin needs to both generate and delete tokens, and commit those changes to the database, which is not possible with CP/DP separation.</li> </ul> <h3 id="custom-plugins">Custom Plugins</h3> <p>Custom plugins (either your own plugins or third-party plugins that are not shipped with Kong) need to be installed on both the control plane and the data plane in hybrid mode.</p> <h3 id="load-balancing">Load Balancing</h3> <p>Currently, there is no automated load balancing for connections between the control plane and the data plane. You can load balance manually by using multiple control planes and redirecting the traffic using a TCP proxy.</p> <h2 id="readonly-status-api-endpoints-on-data-plane">Readonly Status API endpoints on data plane</h2> <p>Several readonly endpoints from the <a href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/">Admin API</a> are exposed to the <a href="/gateway/3.1.x/reference/configuration/#status_listen">Status API</a> on data planes, including the following:</p> <ul> <li><a href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/#list-targets">GET /upstreams/{upstream}/targets/</a></li> <li><a href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/#show-upstream-health-for-node">GET /upstreams/{upstream}/health/</a></li> <li><a href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/#list-all-targets">GET /upstreams/{upstream}/targets/all/</a></li> <li>GET /upstreams/{upstream}/targets/{target}</li> </ul> <p>Please refer to <a href="/gateway/3.1.x/admin-api/#upstream-object">Upstream objects</a> in the Admin API documentation for more information about the endpoints.</p> <h2 id="keyring-encryption-in-hybrid-mode">Keyring encryption in hybrid mode</h2> <p>Because the keyring module encrypts data in the database, it can’t encrypt data on data plane nodes, since these nodes run without a database and get data from the control plane.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div id="scroll-to-top-button"> <i class="fas fa-chevron-up"></i> </div> <div class="feedback-widget-container"> <input id="feedback-widget-checkbox" type="checkbox"> <label for="feedback-widget-checkbox"> <img src="/assets/images/icons/feedback-widget.svg" alt="Feedback widget"> </label> <div class="feedback-container"> <div class="feedback-thankyou"> Thank you for your feedback. </div> <div class="feedback-comment"> <textarea id="feedback-comment-text" rows="3" placeholder="Please let us know what we can improve on this page..."></textarea> <div class="feedback-comment-buttons"> <button id="feedback-comment-button-back">Back</button> <button id="feedback-comment-button-submit" 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