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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">National Hero of Indonesia (1872–1946)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Nyai Ahmad Dahlan</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d0/Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="275" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Portrait of Nyai Ahmad Dahlan</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Siti Walidah</div><br />1872<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace">Kauman, <a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies" title="Dutch East Indies">Dutch East Indies</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">31 May 1946 (aged 73–74)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace">Kauman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label">Great Mosque of Kauman, Yogyakarta</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">Indonesian</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role">Social worker</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1914–1946</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Heroes_of_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of National Heroes of Indonesia">National Hero of Indonesia</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Siti Walidah</b> (1872 – 31 May 1946), better known as <b>Nyai Ahmad Dahlan</b>, was a female emancipation figure, wife of <a href="/wiki/Muhammadiyah" title="Muhammadiyah">Muhammadiyah</a> founder <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Dahlan" title="Ahmad Dahlan">Ahmad Dahlan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/National_Hero_of_Indonesia" title="National Hero of Indonesia">National Hero of Indonesia</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_life">Early life</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nyai Ahmad Dahlan was born Siti Walidah in Kauman, <a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a>, in 1872 to Kyai Haji Muhammad Fadli, an <a href="/wiki/Ulama" title="Ulama">ulama</a> (Muslim religious leader) and member of the <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Yogyakarta" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultanate of Yogyakarta">Sultanate of Yogyakarta</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the area housed many religious figures from the <a href="/wiki/Keraton" class="mw-redirect" title="Keraton">palace</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200242_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200242-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was homeschooled in various aspects of <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Qur%27an" class="mw-redirect" title="Qur'an">Qur'an</a>; she read the Qur'an in the <a href="/wiki/Jawi_script" title="Jawi script">Jawi script</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESudarmanto1996189_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESudarmanto1996189-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nyai Ahmad Dahlan <a href="/wiki/Cousin_marriage" title="Cousin marriage">married her cousin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Dahlan" title="Ahmad Dahlan">Ahmad Dahlan</a>, and had six children from this marriage.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKomandoko2006244_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKomandoko2006244-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As he was busy developing the Islamic group <a href="/wiki/Muhammadiyah" title="Muhammadiyah">Muhammadiyah</a> at the time, she followed him in his travels.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESudarmanto1996189_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESudarmanto1996189-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, as some of Ahmad Dahlan's Reformationist views on Islam were considered radical, the couple at times received threats; for example, before a scheduled trip to <a href="/wiki/Banyuwangi" class="mw-redirect" title="Banyuwangi">Banyuwangi</a> in <a href="/wiki/East_Java" title="East Java">East Java</a> they received <a href="/wiki/Death_threat" title="Death threat">death threats</a> from conservatives there.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESudarmanto1996189_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESudarmanto1996189-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sopo_Tresno_and_Aisyiyah">Sopo Tresno and Aisyiyah</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Sopo Tresno and Aisyiyah"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1914 she established the prayer group Sopo Tresno (literally Who Loves); she and her husband took turns leading the group in <a href="/wiki/Quran_reading" class="mw-redirect" title="Quran reading">reading the Qur'an</a> and discussing its meaning.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Soon she began focusing on passages in the Qur'an that dealt with <a href="/wiki/Women_in_Islam" title="Women in Islam">women's issues</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By teaching reading and writing through the group, the couple slowed the <a href="/wiki/Christianization" title="Christianization">Christianization</a> of Java through schools sponsored by the colonial government.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200250_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200250-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With her husband and several other Muhammadiyah leaders, Nyai Ahmad Dahlan discussed the formalization of Sopo Tresno as a women's group.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rejecting the first proposal, Fatimah, they decided on the name Aisyiyah, derived from <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a>'s wife <a href="/wiki/Aisha" title="Aisha">Aisha</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200250_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200250-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The new group was formalized on 22 April 1917, with Nyai Ahmad Dahlan as its head.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Five years later the organization became a part of Muhammadiyah.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Through Aisyiyah, Nyai Ahmad Dahlan founded girls' schools and dormitories, as well as literacy and Islamic education programs for women;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> she also preached against <a href="/wiki/Forced_marriage" title="Forced marriage">forced marriage</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200247_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200247-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She would also visit branches throughout Java.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In contrast to the traditionally patriarchal <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a> society, Nyai Ahmad Dahlan argued that women were meant to be their husbands' partners.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200247_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200247-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aisyayah's schools were influenced by Ahmad Dahlan's educational ideology of the Four Tenets (<span title="Javanese-language text"><i lang="jv">Catur Pusat</i></span>): education at home, education at school, education in society, and education at places of worship.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200253_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200253-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leadership_and_later_life">Leadership and later life</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Leadership and later life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After Ahmad Dahlan's death in 1923, Nyai Ahmad Dahlan continued to be active in Muhammadiyah and Aisyiyah.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKomandoko2006244_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKomandoko2006244-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1926, she chaired the fifteenth Muhammadiyah Congress in <a href="/wiki/Surabaya" title="Surabaya">Surabaya</a>; she was the first woman to chair such a conference.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of widespread media coverage in newspapers such as <i>Pewarta Surabaya</i> and <i>Sin Tit Po</i>, more influential women joined Aisyiyah, while branches opened on other islands in the archipelago.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nyai Ahmad Dahlan continued to lead Aisyiyah until 1934.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESudarmanto1996191_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESudarmanto1996191-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_the_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies">Japanese occupation</a>, with Aisyiyah banned from working with women by the Order of the Japanese Military in Java and Madura of 10 September 1943, she worked at schools and struggled to keep the students from being forced to <a href="/wiki/Sun_worship" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun worship">worship the sun</a> and sing Japanese songs.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200259_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200259-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_National_Revolution" title="Indonesian National Revolution">Indonesian National Revolution</a>, she ran soup kitchens out of her home for soldiers<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESudarmanto1996191_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESudarmanto1996191-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAjisakaDamayanti2010134_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAjisakaDamayanti2010134-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and promoted military service amongst her former students.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200260_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200260-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She also participated in discussions about the war with General <a href="/wiki/Sudirman" title="Sudirman">Sudirman</a> and President <a href="/wiki/Sukarno" title="Sukarno">Sukarno</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAjisakaDamayanti2010134_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAjisakaDamayanti2010134-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nyai Ahmad Dahlan died at 1 p.m. local time (UTC+7) on 31 May 1946 and was buried behind the Great Mosque of Kauman in Yogyakarta four hours later.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200246_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200246-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> State Secretary <a href="/wiki/Abdoel_Gaffar_Pringgodigdo" title="Abdoel Gaffar Pringgodigdo">Abdoel Gaffar Pringgodigdo</a> and Minister of Religion Rasyidi represented the government at her funeral.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200246_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200246-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 10 November 1971, Nyai Ahmad Dahlan was declared a <a href="/wiki/National_Hero_of_Indonesia" title="National Hero of Indonesia">National Hero of Indonesia</a> by President <a href="/wiki/Suharto" title="Suharto">Suharto</a> with Presidential Decree Number 42/TK of 1971;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200261_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200261-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ahmad Dahlan had been declared a National Hero ten years earlier.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKomandoko200637_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKomandoko200637-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The award was accepted by her granddaughter, M Wardan.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She has been compared to women's rights advocate <a href="/wiki/Kartini" title="Kartini">Kartini</a> and guerrillas <a href="/wiki/Cut_Nyak_Dhien" title="Cut Nyak Dhien">Cut Nyak Dhien</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cut_Nyak_Meutia" title="Cut Nyak Meutia">Cut Nyak Meutia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200239_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200239-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Hanung_Bramantyo" title="Hanung Bramantyo">Hanung Bramantyo</a>'s 2010 film <i><a href="/wiki/Sang_Pencerah" title="Sang Pencerah">Sang Pencerah</a></i> (<i>The Englightener</i>), Nyai Ahmad Dahlan was played by <a href="/wiki/Zaskia_Adya_Mecca" title="Zaskia Adya Mecca">Zaskia Adya Mecca</a>; Ahmad Dahlan was played by Lukman Sardi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurniasari_2010,_Zaskia_Adya_Mecca_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurniasari_2010,_Zaskia_Adya_Mecca-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Footnotes</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan_1-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan">Repubika 2008, Nyai Ahmad Dahlan</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200242-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200242_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWahyudi2002">Wahyudi 2002</a>, p. 42.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESudarmanto1996189-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESudarmanto1996189_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESudarmanto1996189_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESudarmanto1996189_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSudarmanto1996">Sudarmanto 1996</a>, p. 189.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKomandoko2006244-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKomandoko2006244_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKomandoko2006244_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKomandoko2006">Komandoko 2006</a>, p. 244.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200250-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200250_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200250_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWahyudi2002">Wahyudi 2002</a>, p. 50.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200247-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200247_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200247_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWahyudi2002">Wahyudi 2002</a>, p. 47.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200253-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200253_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWahyudi2002">Wahyudi 2002</a>, p. 53.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESudarmanto1996191-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESudarmanto1996191_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESudarmanto1996191_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSudarmanto1996">Sudarmanto 1996</a>, p. 191.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200259-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200259_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWahyudi2002">Wahyudi 2002</a>, p. 59.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAjisakaDamayanti2010134-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAjisakaDamayanti2010134_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAjisakaDamayanti2010134_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAjisakaDamayanti2010">Ajisaka & Damayanti 2010</a>, p. 134.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200260-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200260_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWahyudi2002">Wahyudi 2002</a>, p. 60.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200246-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200246_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200246_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWahyudi2002">Wahyudi 2002</a>, p. 46.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200261-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200261_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWahyudi2002">Wahyudi 2002</a>, p. 61.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKomandoko200637-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKomandoko200637_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKomandoko2006">Komandoko 2006</a>, p. 37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200239-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWahyudi200239_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWahyudi2002">Wahyudi 2002</a>, p. 39.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurniasari_2010,_Zaskia_Adya_Mecca-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurniasari_2010,_Zaskia_Adya_Mecca_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKurniasari_2010,_Zaskia_Adya_Mecca">Kurniasari 2010, Zaskia Adya Mecca</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <p><b>Bibliography</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAjisakaDamayanti2010" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ajisaka, Arya; Damayanti, Dewi (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fhdj1bqn3W4C"><i>Mengenal Pahlawan Indonesia</i></a> [<i>Knowing Indonesian Heroes</i>] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Kawan Pustaka. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-979-757-430-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-979-757-430-7"><bdi>978-979-757-430-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mengenal+Pahlawan+Indonesia&rft.place=Jakarta&rft.pub=Kawan+Pustaka&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-979-757-430-7&rft.aulast=Ajisaka&rft.aufirst=Arya&rft.au=Damayanti%2C+Dewi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dfhdj1bqn3W4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANyai+Ahmad+Dahlan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKomandoko2006" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Komandoko, Gamal (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=q7C2eJUfBycC"><i>Kisah 124 Pahlawan & Pejuang Nusantara</i></a> [<i>Stories of 124 Indonesian Heroes and Fighters</i>] (in Indonesian). Sleman: Pustaka Widyatama. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-979-661-090-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-979-661-090-7"><bdi>978-979-661-090-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kisah+124+Pahlawan+%26+Pejuang+Nusantara&rft.place=Sleman&rft.pub=Pustaka+Widyatama&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-979-661-090-7&rft.aulast=Komandoko&rft.aufirst=Gamal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dq7C2eJUfBycC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANyai+Ahmad+Dahlan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKurniasari_2010,_Zaskia_Adya_Mecca" class="citation news cs1">Kurniasari, Triwik (22 August 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/08/22/zaskia-adya-mecca-juggling-family-and-movies.html">"Zaskia Adya Mecca: Juggling family and movies"</a>. <i>The Jakarta Post</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120630013348/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/08/22/zaskia-adya-mecca-juggling-family-and-movies.html">Archived</a> from the original on 30 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Jakarta+Post&rft.atitle=Zaskia+Adya+Mecca%3A+Juggling+family+and+movies&rft.date=2010-08-22&rft.aulast=Kurniasari&rft.aufirst=Triwik&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejakartapost.com%2Fnews%2F2010%2F08%2F22%2Fzaskia-adya-mecca-juggling-family-and-movies.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANyai+Ahmad+Dahlan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRepubika_2008,_Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.republika.co.id/berita/ensiklopedia-islam/khazanah/08/09/29/7646-nyai-ahmad-dahlan-melawan-arus-berdayakan-perempuan">"Nyai Ahmad Dahlan, Melawan Arus, Berdayakan Perempuan"</a> [Nyai Ahmad Dahlan, Going Against the Flow, Empowering Women]. <i>Republika</i> (in Indonesian). Jakarta. 29 September 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120216211334/http://www.republika.co.id/berita/ensiklopedia-islam/khazanah/08/09/29/7646-nyai-ahmad-dahlan-melawan-arus-berdayakan-perempuan">Archived</a> from the original on 16 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Republika&rft.atitle=Nyai+Ahmad+Dahlan%2C+Melawan+Arus%2C+Berdayakan+Perempuan&rft.date=2008-09-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.republika.co.id%2Fberita%2Fensiklopedia-islam%2Fkhazanah%2F08%2F09%2F29%2F7646-nyai-ahmad-dahlan-melawan-arus-berdayakan-perempuan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANyai+Ahmad+Dahlan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSudarmanto1996" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sudarmanto, Y.B. (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OUkTzkfb-XsC"><i>Jejak-Jejak Pahlawan dari Sultan Agung hingga Syekh Yusuf</i></a> [<i>The Footsteps of Heroes from Sultan Agung to Syekh Yusuf</i>] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Grasindo. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-979-553-111-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-979-553-111-1"><bdi>978-979-553-111-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jejak-Jejak+Pahlawan+dari+Sultan+Agung+hingga+Syekh+Yusuf&rft.place=Jakarta&rft.pub=Grasindo&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-979-553-111-1&rft.aulast=Sudarmanto&rft.aufirst=Y.B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOUkTzkfb-XsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANyai+Ahmad+Dahlan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWahyudi2002" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Wahyudi, Jarot (2002). "Nyai Ahmad Dahlan: Penggerak Perempuan Muhammadiyah" [Nyai Ahmad Dahlan: Mover of Muhammadiyah Women]. In Burhanuddin, Jajat (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KL8MEwzjSBoC"><i>Ulama Perempuan Indonesia</i></a> [<i>Indonesian Women Ulamas</i>] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama. pp. 39–67. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-979-686-644-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-979-686-644-1"><bdi>978-979-686-644-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Nyai+Ahmad+Dahlan%3A+Penggerak+Perempuan+Muhammadiyah&rft.btitle=Ulama+Perempuan+Indonesia&rft.place=Jakarta&rft.pages=39-67&rft.pub=Gramedia+Pustaka+Utama&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-979-686-644-1&rft.aulast=Wahyudi&rft.aufirst=Jarot&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKL8MEwzjSBoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANyai+Ahmad+Dahlan" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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Kahar Moezakir">Abdoel Kahar Moezakir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Halim_Majalengka" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdul Halim Majalengka">Abdul Halim Majalengka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdurrahman_Baswedan" title="Abdurrahman Baswedan">Abdurrahman Baswedan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achmad_Soebardjo" title="Achmad Soebardjo">Achmad Soebardjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Malik" title="Adam Malik">Adam Malik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adnan_Kapau_Gani" title="Adnan Kapau Gani">Adnan Kapau Gani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Andries_Maramis" title="Alexander Andries Maramis">Alexander Andries Maramis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andi_Djemma" title="Andi Djemma">Andi Djemma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andi_Sultan_Daeng_Radja" title="Andi Sultan Daeng Radja">Andi Sultan Daeng Radja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arie_Frederik_Lasut" title="Arie Frederik Lasut">Arie Frederik Lasut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Mononutu" title="Arnold Mononutu">Arnold Mononutu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagindo_Azizchan" title="Bagindo Azizchan">Bagindo Azizchan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B.W._Lapian" class="mw-redirect" title="B.W. Lapian">B.W. Lapian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tjilik_Riwut" title="Tjilik Riwut">Tjilik Riwut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djuanda_Kartawidjaja" title="Djuanda Kartawidjaja">Djoeanda Kartawidjaja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Douwes_Dekker" title="Ernest Douwes Dekker">Ernest Douwes Dekker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Lumbantobing" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand Lumbantobing">Ferdinand Lumbantobing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatot_Mangkoepradja" title="Gatot Mangkoepradja">Gatot Mangkoepradja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamengkubuwono_IX" title="Hamengkubuwono IX">Hamengkubuwono IX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazairin" title="Hazairin">Hazairin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idham_Chalid" title="Idham Chalid">Idham Chalid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ide_Anak_Agung_Gde_Agung" title="Ide Anak Agung Gde Agung">Ida Anak Agung Gde Agung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Joseph_Kasimo_Hendrowahyono" title="Ignatius Joseph Kasimo Hendrowahyono">Ignatius Joseph Kasimo Hendrowahyono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_Gusti_Ketut_Pudja" title="I Gusti Ketut Pudja">I Gusti Ketut Pudja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iwa_Koesoemasoemantri" title="Iwa Koesoemasoemantri">Iwa Koesoemasoemantri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izaak_Huru_Doko" title="Izaak Huru Doko">Izaak Huru Doko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Leimena" title="Johannes Leimena">Johannes Leimena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasman_Singodimedjo" title="Kasman Singodimedjo">Kasman Singodimedjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kusumah_Atmaja" title="Kusumah Atmaja">Kusumah Atmaja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambertus_Nicodemus_Palar" title="Lambertus Nicodemus Palar">Lambertus Nicodemus Palar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maskoen_Soemadiredja" title="Maskoen Soemadiredja">Maskoen Soemadiredja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masjkur" title="Masjkur">Masjkur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Hatta" title="Mohammad Hatta">Mohammad Hatta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Husni_Thamrin" title="Mohammad Husni Thamrin">Mohammad Husni Thamrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Natsir" title="Mohammad Natsir">Mohammad Natsir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moewardi" title="Moewardi">Moewardi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nani_Wartabone" title="Nani Wartabone">Nani Wartabone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opu_Daeng_Risaju" title="Opu Daeng Risaju">Opu Daeng Risaju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oto_Iskandar_di_Nata" title="Oto Iskandar di Nata">Oto Iskandar di Nata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Mohammad_Noor" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Mohammad Noor">P. M. Noor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajiman_Wediodiningrat" title="Rajiman Wediodiningrat">Rajiman Wediodiningrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasuna_Said" title="Rasuna Said">Rasuna Said</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahardjo" title="Sahardjo">Sahardjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Ratulangi" title="Sam Ratulangi">Sam Ratulangi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samanhudi" title="Samanhudi">Samanhudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soekarni" class="mw-redirect" title="Soekarni">Soekarni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukarno" title="Sukarno">Sukarno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukarjo_Wiryopranoto" title="Sukarjo Wiryopranoto">Sukarjo Wiryopranoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supeno" title="Supeno">Supeno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soepomo" title="Soepomo">Soepomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soeroso" title="Soeroso">Soeroso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ario_Soerjo" title="Ario Soerjo">Ario Soerjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soerjopranoto" title="Soerjopranoto">Soerjopranoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutan_Mohammad_Amin_Nasution" title="Sutan Mohammad Amin Nasution">Sutan Mohammad Amin Nasution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutan_Sjahrir" title="Sutan Sjahrir">Sutan Sjahrir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sjafruddin_Prawiranegara" title="Sjafruddin Prawiranegara">Sjafruddin Prawiranegara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tan_Malaka" title="Tan Malaka">Tan Malaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teuku_Muhammad_Hasan" class="mw-redirect" title="Teuku Muhammad Hasan">Teuku Muhammad Hasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teuku_Nyak_Arif" title="Teuku Nyak Arif">Teuku Nyak Arif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oemar_Said_Tjokroaminoto" title="Oemar Said Tjokroaminoto">Oemar Said Tjokroaminoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wahid_Hasyim" title="Wahid Hasyim">Wahid Hasyim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zainul_Arifin" title="Zainul Arifin">Zainul Arifin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Haris_Nasution" title="Abdul Haris Nasution">Abdul Haris Nasution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Rahman_Saleh_(physician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdul Rahman Saleh (physician)">Abdul Rahman Saleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agustinus_Adisucipto" class="mw-redirect" title="Agustinus Adisucipto">Adisucipto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andi_Abdullah_Bau_Massepe" title="Andi Abdullah Bau Massepe">Andi Abdullah Bau Massepe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basuki_Rahmat" title="Basuki Rahmat">Basuki Rahmat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djamin_Ginting" title="Djamin Ginting">Djamin Ginting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djatikoesoemo" title="Djatikoesoemo">Djatikoesoemo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatot_Soebroto" title="Gatot Soebroto">Gatot Soebroto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halim_Perdanakusuma" title="Halim Perdanakusuma">Halim Perdanakusuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harun_Thohir" title="Harun Thohir">Harun Thohir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasan_Basry" title="Hasan Basry">Hasan Basry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iswahyudi" title="Iswahyudi">Iswahyudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_Gusti_Ngurah_Rai" title="I Gusti Ngurah Rai">I Gusti Ngurah Rai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jahja_Daniel_Dharma" class="mw-redirect" title="Jahja Daniel Dharma">John Lie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keumalahayati" title="Keumalahayati">Keumalahayati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddy_Martadinata" title="Eddy Martadinata">R. E. Martadinata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mas_Isman" title="Mas Isman">Mas Isman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moestopo" title="Moestopo">Moestopo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Mangundiprojo" title="Muhammad Mangundiprojo">Muhammad Mangundiprojo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Yasin" title="Muhammad Yasin">Muhammad Yasin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noer_Alie" title="Noer Alie">Noer Alie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oerip_Soemohardjo" title="Oerip Soemohardjo">Oerip Soemohardjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slamet_Rijadi" title="Slamet Rijadi">Slamet Rijadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Said_Soekanto_Tjokrodiatmodjo" title="Said Soekanto Tjokrodiatmodjo">Soekanto Tjokrodiatmodjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudirman" title="Sudirman">Sudirman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supriyadi" title="Supriyadi">Supriyadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutomo" title="Sutomo">Sutomo (Bung Tomo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syam%27un" title="Syam'un">Syam'un</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._B._Simatupang" title="T. B. Simatupang">T. B. Simatupang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janatin" class="mw-redirect" title="Janatin">Usman Janatin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wolter_Mongisidi" title="Robert Wolter Mongisidi">Robert Wolter Mongisidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yos_Sudarso" title="Yos Sudarso">Yos Sudarso</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Independence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fatmawati" title="Fatmawati">Fatmawati</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Revolutionaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Yani" title="Ahmad Yani">Ahmad Yani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karel_Satsuit_Tubun" title="Karel Satsuit Tubun">Karel Satsuit Tubun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mas_Tirtodarmo_Haryono" title="Mas Tirtodarmo Haryono">Mas Tirtodarmo Haryono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katamso_Darmokusumo" title="Katamso Darmokusumo">Katamso Darmokusumo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Izacus_Pandjaitan" class="mw-redirect" title="Donald Izacus Pandjaitan">Donald Izacus Pandjaitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Tendean" title="Pierre Tendean">Pierre Tendean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siswondo_Parman" title="Siswondo Parman">Siswondo Parman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugiyono_Mangunwiyoto" title="Sugiyono Mangunwiyoto">Sugiyono Mangunwiyoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soeprapto_(general)" title="Soeprapto (general)">Suprapto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutoyo_Siswomiharjo" title="Sutoyo Siswomiharjo">Sutoyo Siswomiharjo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Resistance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alimin" title="Alimin">Alimin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soetomo" title="Soetomo">Dr. Soetomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tjipto_Mangoenkoesoemo" class="mw-redirect" title="Tjipto Mangoenkoesoemo">Tjipto Mangoenkoesoemo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wahidin_Soedirohoesodo" title="Wahidin Soedirohoesodo">Wahidin Soedirohoesodo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Muis" title="Abdul Muis">Abdoel Moeis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agus_Salim" title="Agus Salim">Agus Salim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amir_Hamzah" title="Amir Hamzah">Amir Hamzah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Yamin" title="Mohammad Yamin">Mohammad Yamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raja_Ali_Haji" title="Raja Ali Haji">Raja Ali Haji</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Art</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ismail_Marzuki" title="Ismail Marzuki">Ismail Marzuki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wage_Rudolf_Supratman" title="Wage Rudolf Supratman">Wage Rudolf Supratman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Usmar_Ismail" title="Usmar Ismail">Usmar Ismail</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dewi_Sartika" title="Dewi Sartika">Dewi Sartika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herman_Johannes" title="Herman Johannes">Herman Johannes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kartini" title="Kartini">Kartini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ki_Hajar_Dewantara" title="Ki Hajar Dewantara">Ki Hajar Dewantara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ki_Sarmidi_Mangunsarkoro" title="Ki Sarmidi Mangunsarkoro">Ki Sarmidi Mangunsarkoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Walanda_Maramis" title="Maria Walanda Maramis">Maria Walanda Maramis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Integration</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frans_Kaisiepo" title="Frans Kaisiepo">Frans Kaisiepo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Abraham_Dimara" title="Johannes Abraham Dimara">Johannes Abraham Dimara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marthen_Indey" title="Marthen Indey">Marthen Indey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pajonga_Daeng_Ngalie" class="mw-redirect" title="Pajonga Daeng Ngalie">Pajonga Daeng Ngalie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silas_Papare" title="Silas Papare">Silas Papare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syarif_Kasim_II" title="Syarif Kasim II">Syarif Kasim II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Press</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ilyas_Yakoub" title="Ilyas Yakoub">Ilyas Yakoub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Tabrani" title="Mohammad Tabrani">Mohammad Tabrani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruhana_Kuddus" title="Ruhana Kuddus">Ruhana Kuddus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirto_Adhi_Soerjo" title="Tirto Adhi Soerjo">Tirto Adhi Soerjo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Development</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Suharso" title="Suharso">Suharso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siti_Hartinah" title="Siti Hartinah">Siti Hartinah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelmus_Zakaria_Johannes" title="Wilhelmus Zakaria Johannes">Wilhelmus Zakaria Johannes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdul_Chalim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdul Chalim (page does not exist)">Abdul Chalim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Wahab_Hasbullah" title="Abdul Wahab Hasbullah">Abdul Wahab Hasbullah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Dahlan" title="Ahmad Dahlan">Ahmad Dahlan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmad_Hanafiah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmad Hanafiah (page does not exist)">Ahmad Hanafiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Sanusi" title="Ahmad Sanusi">Ahmad Sanusi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As%27ad_Syamsul_Arifin" title="As'ad Syamsul Arifin">As'ad Syamsul Arifin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albertus_Soegijapranata" title="Albertus Soegijapranata">Albertus Soegijapranata</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ki_Bagus_Hadikusumo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ki Bagus Hadikusumo (page does not exist)">Bagoes Hadikoesoemo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KH_Fakhruddin" title="KH Fakhruddin">Fakhruddin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamka" title="Hamka">Haji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasyim_Asy%27ari" title="Hasyim Asy'ari">Hasyim Asy'ari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafran_Pane" title="Lafran Pane">Lafran Pane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mas_Mansoer" title="Mas Mansoer">Mas Mansoer</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nyai Ahmad Dahlan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Struggle</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Kadir_Raden_Temenggung_Setia_Pahlawan" title="Abdul Kadir Raden Temenggung Setia Pahlawan">Abdul Kadir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achmad_Rifa%27i" title="Achmad Rifa'i">Achmad Rifa'i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirtayasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Tirtayasa">Ageng Tirtayasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andi_Depu" title="Andi Depu">Andi Depu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andi_Mappanyukki" title="Andi Mappanyukki">Andi Mappanyukki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aria_Wangsakara" title="Aria Wangsakara">Aria Wangsakara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Antasari" title="Prince Antasari">Prince Antasari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Agung_of_Mataram" title="Sultan Agung of Mataram">Sultan Agung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babullah_of_Ternate" title="Babullah of Ternate">Sultan Babullah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bataha_Santiago" title="Bataha Santiago">Bataha Santiago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teungku_Chik_di_Tiro" title="Teungku Chik di Tiro">Teungku Chik di Tiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cut_Nyak_Dhien" title="Cut Nyak Dhien">Cut Nyak Dhien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cut_Nyak_Meutia" title="Cut Nyak Meutia">Cut Nyak Meutia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diponegoro" title="Diponegoro">Diponegoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raja_Haji_Fisabilillah" title="Raja Haji Fisabilillah">Raja Haji Fisabilillah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamengkubuwono_I" title="Hamengkubuwono I">Hamengkubuwono I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasanuddin_of_Gowa" title="Hasanuddin of Gowa">Hasanuddin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuanku_Imam_Bonjol" title="Tuanku Imam Bonjol">Tuanku Imam Bonjol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iskandar_Muda" title="Iskandar Muda">Iskandar Muda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_Gusti_Ketut_Jelantik" title="I Gusti Ketut Jelantik">I Gusti Ketut Jelantik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_Gusti_Ngurah_Made_Agung" title="I Gusti Ngurah Made Agung">I Gusti Ngurah Made Agung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiras_Bangun" title="Kiras Bangun">Kiras Bangun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Maddukelleng" title="La Maddukelleng">La Maddukelleng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machmud_Singgirei_Rumagesan" title="Machmud Singgirei Rumagesan">Machmud Singgirei Rumagesan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmud_Badaruddin_II" title="Mahmud Badaruddin II">Mahmud Badaruddin II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmud_Shah_III_of_Johor" title="Mahmud Shah III of Johor">Mahmud Shah III of Johor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangkunegara_I" title="Mangkunegara I">Mangkunegara I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Christina_Tiahahu" title="Martha Christina Tiahahu">Martha Christina Tiahahu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuku_Muhammad_Amiruddin" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuku Muhammad Amiruddin">Nuku Muhammad Amiruddin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyi_Ageng_Serang" title="Nyi Ageng Serang">Nyi Ageng Serang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakubuwono_VI" title="Pakubuwono VI">Pakubuwono VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakubuwono_X" title="Pakubuwono X">Pakubuwono X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattimura" title="Pattimura">Pattimura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pong_Tiku" title="Pong Tiku">Pong Tiku</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raden_Mattaher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raden Mattaher (page does not exist)">Raden Mattaher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radin_Inten_II" title="Radin Inten II">Radin Inten II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranggong_Daeng_Romo" title="Ranggong Daeng Romo">Ranggong Daeng Romo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratu_Kalinyamat" title="Ratu Kalinyamat">Ratu Kalinyamat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisingamangaraja_XII" class="mw-redirect" title="Sisingamangaraja XII">Sisingamangaraja XII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Yusuf" title="Sheikh Yusuf">Syech Yusuf Tajul Khalwati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuanku_Tambusai" title="Tuanku Tambusai">Tuanku Tambusai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teuku_Umar" title="Teuku Umar">Teuku Umar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaha_Syaifuddin" title="Thaha Syaifuddin">Thaha Syaifuddin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Untung_Surapati" title="Untung Surapati">Untung Surapati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zainal_Mustafa" title="Zainal 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