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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Romanian general</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%; background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div style="display:inline-block" class="fn">Constantin Eftimiu</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1893-06-28</span>)</span>28 June 1893<br /><a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Romania" title="Kingdom of Romania">Kingdom of Romania</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">19 September 1950<span style="display:none">(1950-09-19)</span> (aged 57)<br /><a href="/wiki/Aiud_Prison" title="Aiud Prison">Aiud Prison</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aiud" title="Aiud">Aiud</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cluj_Region" title="Cluj Region">Cluj Region</a>, <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Romania" title="Socialist Republic of Romania">Romanian People's Republic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Romania" title="Kingdom of Romania">Kingdom of Romania</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Service <wbr />/ branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Land_Forces" title="Romanian Land Forces">Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1912–1945</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Brigadier_general" title="Brigadier general">Brigadier general</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Battles / wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1116488514">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:21px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_M%C3%BCnchen" title="Operation München">Operation München</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Odessa_(1941)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Odessa (1941)">Siege of Odessa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Stalingrad" title="Battle of Stalingrad">Battle of Stalingrad</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Star_of_Romania" title="Order of the Star of Romania">Order of the Star of Romania</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Crown_(Romania)" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of the Crown (Romania)">Order of the Crown (Romania)</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Michael_the_Brave" title="Order of Michael the Brave">Order of Michael the Brave</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Carol_I_National_Defence_University" title="Carol I National Defence University">Higher War School</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Minister for Public Works and Communications</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />23 August 1944 – 3 November 1944</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Constantin_S%C4%83n%C4%83tescu" title="Constantin Sănătescu">Constantin Sănătescu</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Constantin Al. Constantinescu</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Virgil_Solomon" title="Virgil Solomon">Virgil Solomon</a> <small>(Public Works)</small><br /> <a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_Gheorghiu-Dej" title="Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej">Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej</a> <small>(Communications)</small></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Other work</th><td class="infobox-data">Anti-communist resistance leader (1945–46)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Constantin Eftimiu</b> (28 June 1893 – 19 September 1950) was a <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romanian</a> <a href="/wiki/Brigadier_general" title="Brigadier general">brigadier general</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> and Minister for Public Works and Communications in the <a href="/wiki/First_S%C4%83n%C4%83tescu_cabinet" title="First Sănătescu cabinet">First Sănătescu cabinet</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constantin_Eftimiu&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_years">Early years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constantin_Eftimiu&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He was born in <a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a> in 1893. After attending the Artillery Military School from 1912 to 1914, he graduated with the rank of second lieutenant. Once Romania entered <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> on the side of the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_I" title="Allies of World War I">Entente</a>, Eftimiu fought as a platoon commander, advancing to lieutenant in November 1916 and to captain in September 1917. After the war, he attended the <a href="/wiki/Carol_I_National_Defence_University" title="Carol I National Defence University">Higher War School</a> from 1924 to 1926, after which he was promoted to major. He advanced in rank to lieutenant in colonel in 1934, and to colonel in 1938. On 8 June 1940 he was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Star_of_Romania" title="Order of the Star of Romania">Order of the Star of Romania</a>, officer rank. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II">World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constantin_Eftimiu&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Romania joined <a href="/wiki/Operation_Barbarossa" title="Operation Barbarossa">Operation Barbarossa</a> on 22 June 1941 in order to reclaim the lost territories of <a href="/wiki/Bessarabia" title="Bessarabia">Bessarabia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bukovina" title="Bukovina">Northern Bukovina</a>, which had been <a href="/wiki/Soviet_occupation_of_Bessarabia_and_northern_Bukovina" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and northern Bukovina">annexed by the Soviet Union</a> in June 1940. At the start of the war, Eftimiu was Chief of Operations Section for the <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Army_(Romania)" title="Fourth Army (Romania)">4th Army</a>. He crossed the <a href="/wiki/Prut" title="Prut">Prut River</a> at <a href="/wiki/Bogd%C4%83ne%C8%99ti,_Moldova" title="Bogdănești, Moldova">Bogdănești</a> on 22 June, and in mid-July he took part in <a href="/wiki/Operation_M%C3%BCnchen" title="Operation München">Operation München</a>, leading a detachment which advanced from the <a href="/wiki/H%C3%AEnce%C8%99ti" title="Hîncești">Hîncești</a> forest to <a href="/wiki/Bender,_Moldova" title="Bender, Moldova">Tighina</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Decret445_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Decret445-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 26 August to 26 October he was Commanding Officer of Detachment "Eftimiu"; during the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Odessa_(1941)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Odessa (1941)">Siege of Odessa</a>, he fought at <a href="/wiki/Nadlymanske" title="Nadlymanske">Frantzfeld</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Decretul3063_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Decretul3063-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For his actions, Eftimiu was decorated on November 7, 1941, with the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Crown_of_Romania" title="Order of the Crown of Romania">Order of the Crown</a> with swords in the rank of Commander,<sup id="cite_ref-Decretul3063_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Decretul3063-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and on 12 February 1942 with the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Michael_the_Brave" title="Order of Michael the Brave">Order of Michael the Brave</a>, 3rd class.<sup id="cite_ref-Decret445_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Decret445-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He then returned to Bucharest, where he was named Director of Studies at the Higher War School. In June 1942 he became Vice Chief of Staff for General <a href="/wiki/Petre_Dumitrescu" title="Petre Dumitrescu">Petre Dumitrescu</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Third_Army_(Romania)" title="Third Army (Romania)">3rd Army</a>, which fought at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Stalingrad" title="Battle of Stalingrad">Battle of Stalingrad</a> later that year.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 1943, Eftimiu returned from the front and was appointed commander of Signals Headquarters. In March 1944 he was promoted to brigadier general. After the <a href="/wiki/1944_Romanian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1944 Romanian coup d'état">coup d'état of 23 August</a>, he served until 3 November as Minister of State Secretary for the Department of Public Works and Communications in the first Government of <a href="/wiki/Constantin_S%C4%83n%C4%83tescu" title="Constantin Sănătescu">Constantin Sănătescu</a>. He then returned to the Signals Command, after which he served as Vice Chief of the <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_Romanian_General_Staff" title="Chief of the Romanian General Staff">General Staff</a> from January to July 1945. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Final_years">Final years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constantin_Eftimiu&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Final years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Together with General <a href="/wiki/Aurel_Aldea" title="Aurel Aldea">Aurel Aldea</a> (with whom he had served in the Sănătescu cabinet) and Admiral <a href="/wiki/Horia_Macellariu" title="Horia Macellariu">Horia Macellariu</a>, he sought to form a National Resistance Movement, in order to oversee the disparate <a href="/wiki/Romanian_anti-communist_resistance_movement" title="Romanian anti-communist resistance movement">anti-communist resistance groups</a> and to organize an armed insurrection. In this framework, Eftimiu helped initiate the resistance movement in the mountain passes of the <a href="/wiki/Divisions_of_the_Carpathians" title="Divisions of the Carpathians">Eastern Carpathians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was arrested in May 1946, and tried for conspiracy and rebellion by the Bucharest Military Tribunal. The presiding judge was General <a href="/wiki/Vasile_Atanasiu" title="Vasile Atanasiu">Vasile Atanasiu</a>; other judges included generals <a href="/wiki/Mihail_Lasc%C4%83r" title="Mihail Lascăr">Mihail Lascăr</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ilie_Cre%C8%9Bulescu" title="Ilie Crețulescu">Ilie Crețulescu</a>, and Constantin Argeșanu.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Condemned to life in prison and hard labor on 18 November 1946,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he died at <a href="/wiki/Aiud_Prison" title="Aiud Prison">Aiud Prison</a> in September 1950 of an <a href="/wiki/Intracerebral_hemorrhage" title="Intracerebral hemorrhage">intracerebral hemorrhage</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-mortii_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mortii-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constantin_Eftimiu&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Decret445-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Decret445_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Decret445_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Decretul Regal nr. 445 din 12 februarie 1942 pentru conferiri de decorații, publicat în <i>Monitorul Oficial</i>, anul CX, nr. 45 din 21 februarie 1942, partea I-a, p. 1.186.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Decretul3063-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Decretul3063_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Decretul3063_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Decretul Regal nr. 3.063 din 7 noiembrie 1941 pentru decorațiuni de războiu, publicat în <i><a href="/wiki/Monitorul_Oficial" title="Monitorul Oficial">Monitorul Oficial</a></i>, anul CIX, nr. 273 din 17 noiembrie 1941, partea I-a, p. 7.157.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFJoly2014" class="citation book cs1">Joly, Anton (2014). <i>Stalingrad Battle Atlas: Volume III: Operation Uranus</i>. Staldata Publications. p. 48. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/979-10-93222-12-7" title="Special:BookSources/979-10-93222-12-7"><bdi>979-10-93222-12-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1010700741">1010700741</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Stalingrad+Battle+Atlas%3A+Volume+III%3A+Operation+Uranus&rft.pages=48&rft.pub=Staldata+Publications&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1010700741&rft.isbn=979-10-93222-12-7&rft.aulast=Joly&rft.aufirst=Anton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstantin+Eftimiu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid2015" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">David, Mihaela (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200928051747/http://amnr.defense.ro/app/webroot/fileslib/upload/files/Revista_Document/Revista_069_2015.pdf">"Considerații privind dimensiunea militară a rezistenței anticomuniste din România"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Buletinul Arhivelor Militare Române</i> (in Romanian). <b>18</b> (3): 78–83. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amnr.defense.ro/app/webroot/fileslib/upload/files/Revista_Document/Revista_069_2015.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 28 September 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Buletinul+Arhivelor+Militare+Rom%C3%A2ne&rft.atitle=Considera%C8%9Bii+privind+dimensiunea+militar%C4%83+a+rezisten%C8%9Bei+anticomuniste+din+Rom%C3%A2nia&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=78-83&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=David&rft.aufirst=Mihaela&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famnr.defense.ro%2Fapp%2Fwebroot%2Ffileslib%2Fupload%2Ffiles%2FRevista_Document%2FRevista_069_2015.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstantin+Eftimiu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIliescu2014" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Iliescu, Silvia (19 November 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rador.ro/2014/11/19/11-18-noiembrie-1946-procesul-sumanelor-negre-ii/">"11–18 noiembrie 1946 Procesul Sumanelor Negre (II)"</a> (in Romanian). <a href="/wiki/Agen%C8%9Bia_de_pres%C4%83_RADOR" title="Agenția de presă RADOR">RADOR</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=11%E2%80%9318+noiembrie+1946+Procesul+Sumanelor+Negre+%28II%29&rft.pub=RADOR&rft.date=2014-11-19&rft.aulast=Iliescu&rft.aufirst=Silvia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rador.ro%2F2014%2F11%2F19%2F11-18-noiembrie-1946-procesul-sumanelor-negre-ii%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstantin+Eftimiu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHulick1946" class="citation web cs1">Hulick, Charles E. Jr. (26 November 1946). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1946v06/d453">"Report No. 54 – Rumania's First Mass Trial Proclaims Open War To Liquidate Historical Parties"</a>. <i>history.state.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=history.state.gov&rft.atitle=Report+No.+54+%E2%80%93+Rumania%27s+First+Mass+Trial+Proclaims+Open+War+To+Liquidate+Historical+Parties&rft.date=1946-11-26&rft.aulast=Hulick&rft.aufirst=Charles+E.+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.state.gov%2Fhistoricaldocuments%2Ffrus1946v06%2Fd453&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstantin+Eftimiu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mortii-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mortii_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFȚârăuCiupea" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Țârău, Virgiliu; Ciupea, Ioan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924030352/http://www.historica-cluj.ro/anuare/AnuarHistorica2010/09.pdf">"Morții penitenciarului Aiud 1945–1965"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Romanian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historica-cluj.ro/anuare/AnuarHistorica2010/09.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 24 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mor%C8%9Bii+penitenciarului+Aiud+1945%E2%80%931965&rft.aulast=%C8%9A%C3%A2r%C4%83u&rft.aufirst=Virgiliu&rft.au=Ciupea%2C+Ioan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historica-cluj.ro%2Fanuare%2FAnuarHistorica2010%2F09.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstantin+Eftimiu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constantin_Eftimiu&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://generals.dk/general/Eftimiu/D._Constantin/Romania.html">"Generals from Romania"</a>. 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