CINXE.COM
The Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs | Harvard Kennedy School
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns#"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <link rel="preconnect" href="//www.googletagmanager.com" crossorigin="anonymous" /> <link rel="preconnect" href="//www.google-analytics.com" crossorigin="anonymous" /> <link rel="preconnect" href="//stats.g.doubleclick.net" crossorigin="anonymous" /> <link rel="preload" href="/themes/custom/belfer/assets/fonts/icomoon.woff2?dl8yb7" as="font" crossorigin="anonymous" /> <meta name="description" content="The Belfer Center is the hub of Harvard Kennedy School's research and training in international security and diplomacy, environmental and resource issues, and science and technology policy." /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.belfercenter.org/" /> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://www.belfercenter.org/" /> <link rel="image_src" href="https://www.belfercenter.org/sites/default/files/styles/1200x630/public/2024-08/Belfer%20Center%20logo%20image.jpg?itok=05GNzJn4" /> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.belfercenter.org/sites/default/files/styles/1200x630/public/2024-08/Belfer%20Center%20logo%20image.jpg?itok=05GNzJn4" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="630" /> <meta name="Generator" content="Interactive Strategies (https://www.interactivestrategies.com)" /> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" /> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <link rel="manifest" href="https://www.belfercenter.org/themes/custom/belfer/assets/pwa/manifest.json?v=20230824" crossorigin="use-credentials" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://www.belfercenter.org/themes/custom/belfer/assets/pwa/icons/apple-touch-icon.png?v=20230824" sizes="180x180" type="image/png" /> <link rel="mask-icon" href="https://www.belfercenter.org/themes/custom/belfer/assets/pwa/icons/favicon.svg?v=20230824" color="#ffffff" /> <meta name="msapplication-config" content="/themes/custom/belfer/assets/pwa/browserconfig.xml?v=20230824" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffffff" /> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ff0000" /> <style>@font-face{font-family:'icomoon';src:url('/themes/custom/belfer/assets/fonts/icomoon.woff2?dl8yb7')format('woff2');font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;}</style> <link rel="icon" href="/core/misc/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <title>The Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs | Harvard Kennedy School</title> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_JcGUy0pKuhmkV7V3vHVf-iuq8_fBFr3B__HU27d8-sg.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=belfer&include=eJxViUEOgCAQxD5E4ElmkBUMi24YOPh7PWm8NE3Li0NaiKC4KLpJ_3kTEln4Pj3X6h9AlwFWOkNH7rDCkPo0qP-Kn4fNqDuLpBtXGyjB" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_mnN5ql71vPuSBfQcq0cu9aVUyLG1Q8kvVUHLQ_5d694.css?delta=1&language=en&theme=belfer&include=eJxViUEOgCAQxD5E4ElmkBUMi24YOPh7PWm8NE3Li0NaiKC4KLpJ_3kTEln4Pj3X6h9AlwFWOkNH7rDCkPo0qP-Kn4fNqDuLpBtXGyjB" /> <link rel="preload" href="/themes/custom/belfer/assets/fonts/icomoon.woff2?de47sx" as="font" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="preload" href="/themes/custom/belfer/assets/fonts/canela-medium.woff2" as="font" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="preload" href="/themes/custom/belfer/assets/fonts/gt-america-standard-regular.woff2" as="font" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="preload" href="/themes/custom/belfer/assets/fonts/gt-america-standard-regular-italic.woff2" as="font" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="preload" href="/themes/custom/belfer/assets/fonts/gt-america-standard-bold.woff2" as="font" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="preload" href="/themes/custom/belfer/assets/fonts/gt-america-standard-bold-italic.woff2" as="font" crossorigin="anonymous"> <style> @font-face { font-family: 'icomoon'; src: url('/themes/custom/belfer/assets/fonts/icomoon.woff2?de47sx') format('woff2'); font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; font-display: swap; } @font-face { font-family: 'Canela'; src: url('/themes/custom/belfer/assets/fonts/canela-medium.woff2') format("woff2"); font-weight: 500; font-style: normal; font-display: swap; } @font-face { font-family: 'GT-American-Standard'; src: url('/themes/custom/belfer/assets/fonts/gt-america-standard-regular.woff2') format("woff2"); font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-display: swap; } @font-face { font-family: 'GT-American-Standard'; src: url('/themes/custom/belfer/assets/fonts/gt-america-standard-regular-italic.woff2') format("woff2"); font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-display: swap; } @font-face { font-family: 'GT-American-Standard'; src: url('/themes/custom/belfer/assets/fonts/gt-america-standard-bold.woff2') format("woff2"); font-weight: 700; font-style: normal; font-display: swap; } @font-face { font-family: 'GT-American-Standard'; src: url('/themes/custom/belfer/assets/fonts/gt-america-standard-bold-italic.woff2') format("woff2"); font-weight: 700; font-style: italic; font-display: swap; } </style> <link rel="preconnect" href="//www.googletagmanager.com" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//www.google-analytics.com" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//www.google.com" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//stats.g.doubleclick.net" crossorigin="anonymous"> <title></title> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <link rel="manifest" href="/themes/custom/belfer/assets/pwa/manifest.json" crossorigin="use-credentials"> <link rel="icon" href="/themes/custom/belfer/assets/pwa/icons/favicon.ico"> <link rel="icon" href="/themes/custom/belfer/assets/pwa/icons/favicon.svg" type="image/svg+xml"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/themes/custom/belfer/assets/pwa/icons/apple-touch-icon.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ff0000"> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PR3RMG');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> </head> <body class="is-home page-node-type-page"> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PR3RMG" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <a class="skiplink" href="#maincontent">Skip to main content</a> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas> <div class="page-container"> <section id="site-header-search" class="site-header-search" aria-hidden="true" > <div class="site-header-search-inner"> <form role="search" method="GET" action="/search" aria-label="Search by keyword" > <input class="js-search-field" type="search" name="keywords" aria-label="Search" placeholder="Search Term" > <button class="js-search-submit" type="submit" aria-label="Submit" disabled ></button> </form> <div class="search-tags"> <div class="eyebrow -small">Explore the Latest</div> <ul class="search-tag-list"> <li class="site-header-utility-nav-item"> <a class="btn -hollow -tag" href="/collection/us-china-relations" target=""> U.S. China Relations </a> </li> <li class="site-header-utility-nav-item"> <a class="btn -hollow -tag" href="/topics/energy" target=""> Energy </a> </li> <li class="site-header-utility-nav-item"> <a class="btn -hollow -tag" href="/topics/artificial-intelligence" target=""> Artificial Intelligence </a> </li> <li class="site-header-utility-nav-item"> <a class="btn -hollow -tag" href="/collection/ukraine" target=""> Ukraine </a> </li> <li class="site-header-utility-nav-item"> <a class="btn -hollow -tag" href="/topics/science-technology" target=""> Science & Tech </a> </li> <li class="site-header-utility-nav-item"> <a class="btn -hollow -tag" href="/regions/middle-east-north-africa" target=""> Middle East & North Africa </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <button class="btn -close site-header-search-close js-search-close" type="button" aria-label="Close" ></button> </section> <section id="site-header-side-menu" class="side-menu" data-level="1" aria-hidden="true" > <button class="btn -close menu-close js-menu-close" type="button" aria-label="Close" ></button> <button class="menu-back js-menu-back" type="button" aria-label="Back"></button> <div class="inner"> <nav class="nav" aria-label="Side Navigation"> <ul class="nav-main"> <li> <a class="nav-main-link" href="/latest" aria-current="false" target="" > <span>The Latest</span> </a> </li> <li> <button class="nav-main-link nav-main-next js-menu-next" type="button" aria-label="View Dropdown" > <span>Topics & Regions</span> </button> <div class="nav-main-panel" aria-hidden="true"> <ul class="side-menu-dropdown"> <li class="side-menu-dropdown-intro"> <p>Research and insight to improve policy and governance at local, national, and global levels.</p> <a href="/topics-regions" class="-cta-link -white">View All </a> </li> <li class="side-menu-dropdown-links"> <section class="side-menu-dropdown-link-section"> <div class="eyebrow">Topics</div> <ul class="side-menu-dropdown-linklist"> <li> <a href="/topics/artificial-intelligence" class="side-menu-dropdown-link">Artificial Intelligence</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/conflict-conflict-resolution" class="side-menu-dropdown-link">Conflict & Conflict Resolution</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/economics-global-affairs" class="side-menu-dropdown-link">Economics & Global Affairs</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/energy" class="side-menu-dropdown-link">Energy</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/environment-climate-change" class="side-menu-dropdown-link">Environment & Climate Change</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/global-health" class="side-menu-dropdown-link">Global Health</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/governance" class="side-menu-dropdown-link">Governance</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/international-relations" class="side-menu-dropdown-link">International Relations</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/international-security-defense" class="side-menu-dropdown-link">International Security & Defense</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/nuclear-issues" class="side-menu-dropdown-link">Nuclear Issues</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/science-technology" class="side-menu-dropdown-link">Science & Technology</a> </li> </ul> </section> <section class="side-menu-dropdown-link-section"> <div class="eyebrow">Regions</div> <ul class="side-menu-dropdown-linklist"> <li> <a href="/regions/arctic" class="side-menu-dropdown-link">Arctic</a> </li> <li> <a href="/regions/africa" class="side-menu-dropdown-link">Africa</a> </li> <li> <a href="/regions/asia-pacific" class="side-menu-dropdown-link">Asia & the Pacific</a> </li> <li> <a href="/regions/europe" class="side-menu-dropdown-link">Europe</a> </li> <li> <a href="/regions/middle-east-north-africa" class="side-menu-dropdown-link">Middle East & North Africa</a> </li> <li> <a href="/regions/north-america" class="side-menu-dropdown-link">North America</a> </li> <li> <a href="/regions/russia" class="side-menu-dropdown-link">Russia</a> </li> <li> <a href="/regions/south-america" class="side-menu-dropdown-link">South America</a> </li> <li> <a href="/regions/south-asia" class="side-menu-dropdown-link">South Asia</a> </li> </ul> </section> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li> <a class="nav-main-link" href="/experts" aria-current="false" target="" > <span>Experts</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-main-link" href="/events" aria-current="false" target="" > <span>Events</span> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="nav-utility"> <li> <a class="nav-utility-link" href="/about-us" aria-current="false" target="" > <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-utility-link" href="/programs" aria-current="false" target="" > <span>Programs</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-utility-link" href="/fellowships" aria-current="false" target="" > <span>Fellowships</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-utility-link" href="/students" aria-current="false" target="" > <span>Students</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-utility-link" href="/press" aria-current="false" target="" > <span>For Press</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-utility-link" href="/research-analysis" aria-current="false" target="" > <span>Research & Analysis</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-utility-link" href="/careers" aria-current="false" target="" > <span>Careers</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-utility-link" href="/collection/international-security" aria-current="false" target="" data-italic="true" > <span>International Security</span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </section> <header class="site-header"> <div class="site-header-inner"> <div class="site-header-utility"> <div class="site-header-language"> <button type="button" class="site-header-utility-nav-link site-header-language-toggle js-site-header-dropdown-toggle" aria-expanded="false" data-dropdown="true" aria-label="Expand Dropdown Menu"> Language </button> <div class="site-header-dropdown js-site-header-dropdown" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="gtranslate_wrapper"></div><script>window.gtranslateSettings = {"switcher_horizontal_position":"left","switcher_vertical_position":"bottom","horizontal_position":"inline","vertical_position":"inline","float_switcher_open_direction":"top","switcher_open_direction":"bottom","default_language":"en","native_language_names":1,"detect_browser_language":0,"add_new_line":1,"select_language_label":"Language","flag_size":32,"flag_style":"2d","globe_size":60,"alt_flags":[],"wrapper_selector":".gtranslate_wrapper","url_structure":"none","custom_domains":null,"languages":["en","ar","zh-CN","fr","ru","es"],"custom_css":""}</script><script>(function(){var js = document.createElement('script');js.setAttribute('src', '/modules/contrib/gtranslate/js/ln.js');js.setAttribute('data-gt-orig-url', '/');js.setAttribute('data-gt-orig-domain', 'www.belfercenter.org');document.body.appendChild(js);})();</script> </div> </div> <div class="site-header-mission"> <p>Research, ideas, and leadership for a more secure, peaceful world </p> </div> <nav class="site-header-utility-nav" aria-label="Utility Navigation"> <ul class="site-header-utility-nav-items"> <li class="site-header-utility-nav-item"> <a class="site-header-utility-nav-link" href="/programs" target=""> Programs </a> </li> <li class="site-header-utility-nav-item"> <a class="site-header-utility-nav-link" href="/subscribe" target=""> Subscribe </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="site-header-main"> <a class="logo" href="/" aria-label="HARVARD Kennedy School - Belfer Center"> <img src="/themes/custom/belfer/assets/images/belfer-center-logo-white.svg" width="275" height="59" alt="HARVARD Kennedy School - Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs"> </a> <nav class="site-header-nav" aria-label="Main Site Navigation"> <ul class="site-header-nav-items"> <li class="site-header-nav-item"> <a class="site-header-nav-item-link" href="/latest" aria-current="false" target=""> <span>The Latest</span> </a> </li> <li class="site-header-nav-item"> <button type="button" class="site-header-nav-item-link js-site-header-dropdown-toggle" aria-current="false" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="site-header-dropdown-topics-regions" data-dropdown="true"> Topics & Regions <span class="dropdown-arrow"> <span class="sr-text">Toggle sub-menu</span> </span> </button> <div id="site-header-dropdown-topics-regions" class="site-header-dropdown js-site-header-dropdown" data-type="full-width" aria-hidden="true" > <div class="site-header-dropdown-inner"> <div class="site-header-dropdown-content"> <div class="site-header-dropdown-intro"> <p>Research and insight to improve policy and governance at local, national, and global levels.</p> <a href="/topics-regions" class="-cta-link">View All </a> </div> <div class="site-header-dropdown-links"> <section class="site-header-dropdown-link-section"> <div class="eyebrow">Topics</div> <ul class="site-header-dropdown-linklist"> <li> <a href="/topics/artificial-intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/conflict-conflict-resolution">Conflict & Conflict Resolution</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/economics-global-affairs">Economics & Global Affairs</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/energy">Energy</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/environment-climate-change">Environment & Climate Change</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/global-health">Global Health</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/governance">Governance</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/international-relations">International Relations</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/international-security-defense">International Security & Defense</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/nuclear-issues">Nuclear Issues</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/science-technology">Science & Technology</a> </li> </ul> </section> <section class="site-header-dropdown-link-section"> <div class="eyebrow">Regions</div> <ul class="site-header-dropdown-linklist"> <li> <a href="/regions/arctic">Arctic</a> </li> <li> <a href="/regions/africa">Africa</a> </li> <li> <a href="/regions/asia-pacific">Asia & the Pacific</a> </li> <li> <a href="/regions/europe">Europe</a> </li> <li> <a href="/regions/middle-east-north-africa">Middle East & North Africa</a> </li> <li> <a href="/regions/north-america">North America</a> </li> <li> <a href="/regions/russia">Russia</a> </li> <li> <a href="/regions/south-america">South America</a> </li> <li> <a href="/regions/south-asia">South Asia</a> </li> </ul> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="site-header-nav-item"> <a class="site-header-nav-item-link" href="/experts" aria-current="false" target=""> <span>Experts</span> </a> </li> <li class="site-header-nav-item"> <a class="site-header-nav-item-link" href="/events" aria-current="false" target=""> <span>Events</span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> <div class="site-header-buttons"> <button class="site-header-search-toggle js-search-open" type="button" aria-label="Open Search Menu" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="site-header-search"></button> <button class="site-header-side-menu-toggle js-site-header-side-menu-toggle" type="button" aria-label="Open Menu" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="site-header-side-menu">More</button> </div> </div> </div> </header> <main id="maincontent"> <article class="grid-container"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> <header class="hero hero-home"> <div class="background-image" data-animation="fadeInScale" data-animation-delay="0" data-animation-duration="1500" > <picture loading="lazy"> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/440x952/public/2024-12/AP21136265047752.webp?h=0775493e&itok=xmLwcBdm 1x" media="(max-width: 439px)" type="image/webp" width="440" height="952"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/1024x768/public/2024-12/AP21136265047752.webp?h=0775493e&itok=FJ_sux97 1x" media="(min-width: 440px) and (max-width: 1023px)" type="image/webp" width="1024" height="768"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/1440x890/public/2024-12/AP21136265047752.webp?h=0775493e&itok=mUZ8Kw9U 1x" media="(min-width: 1024px) and (max-width: 1439px)" type="image/webp" width="1440" height="890"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/2056x1270/public/2024-12/AP21136265047752.webp?h=0775493e&itok=9pBpcG3Z 1x" media="(min-width: 1440px)" type="image/webp" width="2056" height="1270"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/440x952/public/2024-12/AP21136265047752.jpg?h=0775493e&itok=xmLwcBdm 1x" media="(max-width: 439px)" type="image/jpeg" width="440" height="952"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/1024x768/public/2024-12/AP21136265047752.jpg?h=0775493e&itok=FJ_sux97 1x" media="(min-width: 440px) and (max-width: 1023px)" type="image/jpeg" width="1024" height="768"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/1440x890/public/2024-12/AP21136265047752.jpg?h=0775493e&itok=mUZ8Kw9U 1x" media="(min-width: 1024px) and (max-width: 1439px)" type="image/jpeg" width="1440" height="890"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/2056x1270/public/2024-12/AP21136265047752.jpg?h=0775493e&itok=9pBpcG3Z 1x" media="(min-width: 1440px)" type="image/jpeg" width="2056" height="1270"/> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/1440x890/public/2024-12/AP21136265047752.jpg?h=0775493e&itok=mUZ8Kw9U" width="1440" height="890" alt="Orange and blue shipping containers in the port of Rotterdam, Netherlands."> </picture> </div> <div class="hero-home-inner"> <article class="hero-home-featured js-link-event" data-animation="fadeInUp" data-animation-delay="500" data-animation-duration="1500" > <div class="type -small">Reports & Papers</div> <h1 class="h2 -white"><a href="/research-analysis/cbam-climate-finance" class="card-link js-link-event-link">Leveraging Border Carbon Adjustments for Climate Finance: Matching Carbon Tax Assets with Carbon Tax Liabilities</a></h1> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-12-02T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Dec. 2, 2024</time> <span>by Ely Sandler and Daniel Schrag</span> </div> </article> <div class="hero-home-news" data-animation="fadeInUp" data-animation-delay="1000" data-animation-duration="1500" > <div class="hero-home-news-header h8 -white">The Latest</div> <ul class="hero-home-news-cards"> <li class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">Reports & Papers</div> <h2 class="card-title"> <a href="/research-analysis/cbam-climate-finance" class="card-link js-link-event-link">Leveraging Border Carbon Adjustments for Climate Finance: Matching Carbon Tax Assets with Carbon Tax Liabilities</a> </h2> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-12-02T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Dec. 2, 2024</time> </div> </div> </li> <li class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">Article</div> <h2 class="card-title"> <a href="/research-analysis/peace-without-peace-war-without-war" class="card-link js-link-event-link">Peace Without Peace, War Without War</a> </h2> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-12-02T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Dec. 2, 2024</time> </div> </div> </li> <li class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">Article</div> <h2 class="card-title"> <a href="/research-analysis/article-6-cop29-challenge-carbon-markets-demand-not-supply" class="card-link js-link-event-link">Article 6 at COP29: The Challenge for Carbon Markets Is Demand, Not Supply</a> </h2> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-11-26T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Nov. 26, 2024</time> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </header> <article class="slider-scroll" > <div class="slider-scroll-outer"> <div class="inner"> <header class="intro-text"> <h2 class="h8">Belfer in the News</h2> <p class="-xsmall"> Our experts contribute to the news with critical, timely insight and perspective </p> </header> <div class="content-listing-container"> <div class="swiper js-slider-scroll"> <ul class="swiper-wrapper"> <li class="swiper-slide"> <article class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/300x170/public/2024-08/The-Conversation-logo.webp?h=653a71b3&itok=MJ-tXk3r" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/300x170/public/2024-08/The-Conversation-logo.png?h=653a71b3&itok=MJ-tXk3r" width="300" height="170" alt="The Conversation logo"> </picture> </div> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">In The News</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="https://theconversation.com/the-apocalypse-that-wasnt-ai-was-everywhere-in-2024s-elections-but-deepfakes-and-misinformation-were-only-part-of-the-picture-244225" class="card-link js-link-event-link">The Apocalypse that Wasn’t: AI Was Everywhere in 2024’s Elections, but Deepfakes and Misinformation Were Only Part of the Picture</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-12-02T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Dec. 2, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="swiper-slide"> <article class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/300x170/public/2024-11/Masthead%20Logo%20-%20Northern%20Journal.webp?h=2a00970e&itok=JNX4BNyY" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/300x170/public/2024-11/Masthead%20Logo%20-%20Northern%20Journal.png?h=2a00970e&itok=JNX4BNyY" width="300" height="170" alt="Masthead Logo - Northern Journal"> </picture> </div> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">In The News</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="https://www.northernjournal.com/americas-first-arctic-ambassador-was-just-confirmed-weeks-ago-now-he-could-be-out-of-a-job/?ref=northern-journal-newsletter" class="card-link js-link-event-link">America’s First Arctic Ambassador Was Just Confirmed Weeks Ago. Now He Could Be Out of a Job.</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-11-26T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Nov. 26, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="swiper-slide"> <article class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/300x170/public/2024-11/Masthead%20Logo%20-%20Wired.webp?h=2a00970e&itok=Z9J7PdzQ" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/300x170/public/2024-11/Masthead%20Logo%20-%20Wired.png?h=2a00970e&itok=Z9J7PdzQ" width="300" height="170" alt="Masthead Logo - Wired"> </picture> </div> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">In The News</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="https://www.wired.com/story/algorithms-are-coming-for-democracy-but-its-not-all-bad/" class="card-link js-link-event-link">Algorithms Are Coming for Democracy—but It's Not All Bad</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-11-26T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Nov. 26, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="swiper-slide"> <article class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/300x170/public/2024-08/Masthead%20Logo%20-%20CBS.webp?h=2a00970e&itok=-fYNJVEL" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/300x170/public/2024-08/Masthead%20Logo%20-%20CBS.png?h=2a00970e&itok=-fYNJVEL" width="300" height="170" alt="Masthead Logo - CBS"> </picture> </div> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">In The News</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/video/how-can-nato-respond-russia-without-escalating-war-ukraine/" class="card-link js-link-event-link">How Can NATO Respond to Russia Without Escalating War in Ukraine?</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-11-26T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Nov. 26, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="swiper-slide"> <article class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/300x170/public/2024-07/wbur-tile.webp?h=0287e584&itok=oUEjSkOl" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/300x170/public/2024-07/wbur-tile.png?h=0287e584&itok=oUEjSkOl" width="300" height="170" alt="WBUR logo"> </picture> </div> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">In The News</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="https://www.wbur.org/onpoint/2024/11/25/silicon-valley-tech-money-politics-musk-altman" class="card-link js-link-event-link">Silicon Valley’s Reign Over Tech, Money and Politics</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-11-25T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Nov. 25, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="swiper-slide"> <article class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/300x170/public/2024-09/Masthead%20Logo%20-%20Project%20Syndicate.webp?h=2a00970e&itok=YrjUT3uA" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/300x170/public/2024-09/Masthead%20Logo%20-%20Project%20Syndicate.png?h=2a00970e&itok=YrjUT3uA" width="300" height="170" alt="Masthead Logo - Project Syndicate"> </picture> </div> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">In The News</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/trump-tax-cuts-will-increase-the-deficit-no-matter-what-musk-says-by-jeffrey-frankel-2024-11?utm_source=Project%20Syndicate%20Newsletter&utm_campaign=ab7d83e683-ECON-NEWSLETTER_2024-10_24_COPY_01&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_-e4393264df-93562949&mc_cid=ab7d83e683&mc_eid=f0cb6f6926" class="card-link js-link-event-link">Elon Musk’s $2 Trillion Fiscal Fantasy</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-11-21T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Nov. 21, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="swiper-slide"> <article class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/300x170/public/2024-08/Masthead%20Logo%20-%20CBS.webp?h=2a00970e&itok=-fYNJVEL" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/300x170/public/2024-08/Masthead%20Logo%20-%20CBS.png?h=2a00970e&itok=-fYNJVEL" width="300" height="170" alt="Masthead Logo - CBS"> </picture> </div> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">In The News</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/putin-russia-new-nuclear-war-doctrine-what-it-means/" class="card-link js-link-event-link">Putin Approves a New Nuclear Weapons Doctrine for Russia</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-11-20T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Nov. 20, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="swiper-slide"> <article class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/300x170/public/2024-09/Deutsche%20Welle-01.webp?h=1e66e246&itok=V3wUccIA" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/300x170/public/2024-09/Deutsche%20Welle-01.png?h=1e66e246&itok=V3wUccIA" width="300" height="170" alt="DW logo"> </picture> </div> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">In The News</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qRzX0VTiazI" class="card-link js-link-event-link">Is Putin Willing to Risk a Nuclear Escalation? </a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-11-20T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Nov. 20, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> </li> </ul> <div class="swiper-scrollbar"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> <article class="slider-scroll" > <div class="slider-scroll-outer"> <div class="inner"> <header class="intro-text"> <h2 class="h8">Featured Publications</h2> <p class="-xsmall">Explore the latest books by our experts </p> </header> <div class="content-listing-container"> <div class="swiper js-slider-scroll"> <ul class="swiper-wrapper"> <li class="swiper-slide"> <article class="card card-publication js-link-event"> <div class="card-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/xx250/pantheon-files-migration/2024-06/61m%2BJijUDHL._SL1500_.webp?itok=xR5i84UW" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/xx250/pantheon-files-migration/2024-06/61m%2BJijUDHL._SL1500_.jpg?itok=xR5i84UW" width="165" height="250" alt=""The Covid-19 Response in New York City" Cover"> </picture> </div> <div class="card-text"> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="/publication/covid-19-response-new-york-city" class="card-link js-link-event-link">The Covid-19 Response in New York City</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <span>April 2024</span> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="swiper-slide"> <article class="card card-publication js-link-event"> <div class="card-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/xx250/public/2024-07/Hand%20Of%2C%20Book%20Editors%20-%20Stephen%20J.%20Hadley%20Meghan%20L.%20O%27Sullivan%20Peter%20D.%20Feaver%20William%20C.%20Inboden.webp?itok=rHYoQfsA" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/xx250/public/2024-07/Hand%20Of%2C%20Book%20Editors%20-%20Stephen%20J.%20Hadley%20Meghan%20L.%20O%27Sullivan%20Peter%20D.%20Feaver%20William%20C.%20Inboden.jpg?itok=rHYoQfsA" width="167" height="250" alt="Hand Of Book Editors: Stephen J. Hadley Meghan L. O'Sullivan Peter D. Feaver William C. Inboden"> </picture> <div class="photo-credit" data-theme="light"> <button type="button" aria-expanded="false" class="photo-credit-btn js-photo-credit-toggle"><span class="sr-text">Photo Credit Toggle</span></button> <div class="photo-credit-content js-photo-credit-content" aria-hidden="true" title="N/A"><span class="photo-credit-attribution">N/A</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="card-text"> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="/publication/hand-foreign-policy-george-w-bush-passed-barack-obama" class="card-link js-link-event-link">Hand-Off: The Foreign Policy George W. Bush Passed to Barack Obama</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <span>February 2024</span> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="swiper-slide"> <article class="card card-publication js-link-event"> <div class="card-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/xx250/pantheon-files-migration/2024-01/nye-cover-life-american-century.webp?itok=NHL6WM5s" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/xx250/pantheon-files-migration/2024-01/nye-cover-life-american-century.jpg?itok=NHL6WM5s" width="166" height="250" alt="Cover of A Life in the American Century"> </picture> </div> <div class="card-text"> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="/publication/life-american-century" class="card-link js-link-event-link">A Life in the American Century</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <span>by Joseph Nye</span> <span>January 2024</span> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="swiper-slide"> <article class="card card-publication js-link-event"> <div class="card-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/xx250/pantheon-files-migration/2023-07/spies-front-cover-walton.webp?itok=fAvhGFZr" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/xx250/pantheon-files-migration/2023-07/spies-front-cover-walton.png?itok=fAvhGFZr" width="163" height="250" alt="Spies Front Cover Image"> </picture> </div> <div class="card-text"> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="/publication/spies-epic-intelligence-war-between-east-and-west" class="card-link js-link-event-link">SPIES: The Epic Intelligence War Between East and West</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <span>by Calder Walton</span> <span>2023</span> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="swiper-slide"> <article class="card card-publication js-link-event"> <div class="card-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/xx250/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/Budjerynposted%5B33%5D.webp?itok=WxoBBIo6" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/xx250/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/Budjerynposted%5B33%5D.jpg?itok=WxoBBIo6" width="167" height="250" alt="Cover of Inheriting the Bomb Book"> </picture> </div> <div class="card-text"> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="/publication/inheriting-bomb-collapse-ussr-and-nuclear-disarmament-ukraine" class="card-link js-link-event-link">Inheriting the Bomb: The Collapse of the USSR and the Nuclear Disarmament of Ukraine</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <span>by Mariana Budjeryn</span> <time datetime="2022-12-27T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Dec. 27, 2022</time> </div> </div> </article> </li> </ul> <div class="swiper-scrollbar"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> <article class="full-width-callout js-link-event"> <div class="bg-image"> <picture loading="lazy"> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/440x292/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/Meghanbanner3.webp?h=c38b841a&itok=M3hmLJYe 1x" media="(max-width: 439px)" type="image/webp" width="440" height="292"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/704x558/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/Meghanbanner3.webp?h=c38b841a&itok=nkXESCVS 1x" media="(min-width: 440px) and (max-width: 1199px)" type="image/webp" width="704" height="558"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/1088x722/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/Meghanbanner3.webp?h=c38b841a&itok=n3Ptsn4- 1x" media="(min-width: 1200px)" type="image/webp" width="1088" height="722"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/440x292/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/Meghanbanner3.png?h=c38b841a&itok=M3hmLJYe 1x" media="(max-width: 439px)" type="image/png" width="440" height="292"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/704x558/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/Meghanbanner3.png?h=c38b841a&itok=nkXESCVS 1x" media="(min-width: 440px) and (max-width: 1199px)" type="image/png" width="704" height="558"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/1088x722/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/Meghanbanner3.png?h=c38b841a&itok=n3Ptsn4- 1x" media="(min-width: 1200px)" type="image/png" width="1088" height="722"/> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/440x292/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/Meghanbanner3.png?h=c38b841a&itok=M3hmLJYe" width="440" height="292" alt="Meghan O'Sullivan speaking in front of a green background."> </picture> <div class="photo-credit" data-theme="dark"> <button type="button" aria-expanded="false" class="photo-credit-btn js-photo-credit-toggle"><span class="sr-text">Photo Credit Toggle</span></button> <div class="photo-credit-content js-photo-credit-content" aria-hidden="true" title="World Economic Forum"><span class="photo-credit-attribution">World Economic Forum</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="content-inner"> <div class="eyebrow -line">Looking Ahead</div> <h2 class="h5 -white"> <a href="/about/charting-bold-path-forward" class="js-link-event-link">Belfer Center Director Meghan O'Sullivan discusses strategic priorities for the coming decades</a> </h2> <button type="button" class="btn -go -hollow"><span class="sr-text">View More</span></button> </div> </div> </article> <article class="content-listing-events"> <div class="inner"> <header class="intro-text"> <h2 class="h8">Upcoming Events</h2> <p class="-xsmall">See what's happening at Belfer</p> </header> <div class="content-listing-container"> <ul class="content-listing-teasers"> <article class="-event teaser js-link-event"> <div class="teaser-main"> <h2 class="-sans"> <a href="/event/women-stem-dr-anna-laura-ross-and-dr-syra-madad" class="js-link-event-link">Women in STEM with Dr. Anna Laura Ross and Dr. Syra Madad</a> </h2> <div class="card-meta"> <span class="type">Seminar</span> <span>Open to the Public</span> </div> </div> <div class="teaser-info"> <div class="teaser-info-inner"> <div class="type">Online</div> <div class="date"> <time datetime="2024-12-03T14:00:00Z" class="datetime">Tue. Dec. 3, 2024</time> <span class="time"><time datetime="2024-12-03T09:00:00Z" class="datetime">09:00am</time> - <time datetime="2024-12-03T10:00:00Z" class="datetime">10:00am</time> </span> </div> <a href="https://hksexeced.tfaforms.net/f/registration?e=a4oPp000001P1oLIAS" class="flag -external">RSVP Now</a> </div> </div> <div class="teaser-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/300x170/pantheon-files-migration/2022-05/Women%20in%20Stem.webp?h=f9ed5cc6&itok=LEkBBpJe" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/300x170/pantheon-files-migration/2022-05/Women%20in%20Stem.png?h=f9ed5cc6&itok=LEkBBpJe" width="300" height="170" alt="Women in STEM"> </picture> </div> </article> <article class="-event teaser js-link-event"> <div class="teaser-main"> <h2 class="-sans"> <a href="/event/roundtable-nuclear-security-conflict-zones" class="js-link-event-link">Roundtable on Nuclear Security in Conflict Zones</a> </h2> <div class="card-meta"> <span class="type">Information Session</span> <span>Open to the Public</span> </div> </div> <div class="teaser-info"> <div class="teaser-info-inner"> <div class="type">In-Person</div> <div class="date"> <time datetime="2024-12-04T20:00:00Z" class="datetime">Wed. Dec. 4, 2024</time> <span class="time"><time datetime="2024-12-04T15:00:00Z" class="datetime">03:00pm</time> - <time datetime="2024-12-04T17:00:00Z" class="datetime">05:00pm</time> </span> </div> <div class="location">Rubenstein Building - Room 414 A/B</div> </div> </div> <div class="teaser-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/300x170/public/2024-11/nuke.webp?h=284110ac&itok=MR_iBvSh" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/300x170/public/2024-11/nuke.jpeg?h=284110ac&itok=MR_iBvSh" width="300" height="170" alt="nuclear bomb"> </picture> <div class="photo-credit" data-theme="dark"> <button type="button" aria-expanded="false" class="photo-credit-btn js-photo-credit-toggle"><span class="sr-text">Photo Credit Toggle</span></button> <div class="photo-credit-content js-photo-credit-content" aria-hidden="true" title="Google"><span class="photo-credit-attribution">Google</span></div> </div> </div> </article> <li class="-event teaser js-link-event"> <div class="teaser-main"> <h2 class="-sans"> <a href="/event/russia-us-relations-2025-can-arctic-science-diplomacy-mend-strategic-fences" class="js-link-event-link">Russia-U.S. Relations in 2025: Can Arctic Science Diplomacy Mend Strategic Fences?</a> </h2> <div class="card-meta"> <span class="type">Seminar</span> <span>Open to the Public</span> </div> </div> <div class="teaser-info"> <div class="teaser-info-inner"> <div class="type">Online & In-Person</div> <div class="date"> <time datetime="2024-12-05T17:00:00Z" class="datetime">Thu. Dec. 5, 2024</time> <span class="time"><time datetime="2024-12-05T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">12:00pm</time> - <time datetime="2024-12-05T13:15:00Z" class="datetime">01:15pm</time> </span> </div> <div class="location">Belfer Building - Belfer 322 Salata Conference Room</div> <a href="https://hksexeced.tfaforms.net/f/registration?e=a4oPp000001P1zdIAC" class="flag -external">RSVP Now</a> </div> </div> <div class="teaser-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/300x170/public/2024-11/AP081003010907.webp?h=5c578f86&itok=TuaOjACh" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/300x170/public/2024-11/AP081003010907.jpg?h=5c578f86&itok=TuaOjACh" width="300" height="170" alt="U. S. Preisdent George Bush and Soviet President Gorbachev smile at each other during their joint statement and news conference aboard the Maxim Gorky docked in Marsaxlokk Bay, Malta."> </picture> <div class="photo-credit" data-theme="dark"> <button type="button" aria-expanded="false" class="photo-credit-btn js-photo-credit-toggle"><span class="sr-text">Photo Credit Toggle</span></button> <div class="photo-credit-content js-photo-credit-content" aria-hidden="true" title="AP Photo/Yurchenko"><span class="photo-credit-attribution">AP Photo/Yurchenko</span></div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </article> <article class="topic-picker"> <div class="bg-image"> <picture loading="lazy"> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/440x157/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/AdobeStock_Open%20Book.webp?h=613aef48&itok=IR8AJsMt 1x" media="(max-width: 439px)" type="image/webp" width="440" height="157"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/1440x514/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/AdobeStock_Open%20Book.webp?h=613aef48&itok=g-AhO1UU 1x" media="(min-width: 1024px) and (max-width: 1439px)" type="image/webp" width="1440" height="514"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/1850x660/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/AdobeStock_Open%20Book.webp?h=613aef48&itok=641fHGOW 1x" media="(min-width: 1440px)" type="image/webp" width="1850" height="660"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/440x157/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/AdobeStock_Open%20Book.jpeg?h=613aef48&itok=IR8AJsMt 1x" media="(max-width: 439px)" type="image/jpeg" width="440" height="157"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/1440x514/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/AdobeStock_Open%20Book.jpeg?h=613aef48&itok=g-AhO1UU 1x" media="(min-width: 1024px) and (max-width: 1439px)" type="image/jpeg" width="1440" height="514"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/1850x660/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/AdobeStock_Open%20Book.jpeg?h=613aef48&itok=641fHGOW 1x" media="(min-width: 1440px)" type="image/jpeg" width="1850" height="660"/> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/440x157/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/AdobeStock_Open%20Book.jpeg?h=613aef48&itok=IR8AJsMt" width="440" height="157" alt="Person holding open book."> </picture> <div class="photo-credit" data-theme="dark"> <button type="button" aria-expanded="false" class="photo-credit-btn js-photo-credit-toggle"><span class="sr-text">Photo Credit Toggle</span></button> <div class="photo-credit-content js-photo-credit-content" aria-hidden="true" title="Adobe Stock/patpitchaya "><span class="photo-credit-attribution">Adobe Stock/patpitchaya </span></div> </div> </div> <div class="inner"> <header class="intro"> <h2 class="h3">Interest Areas</h2> <p class="-small"><p>Our research spans a variety of key issues across the globe, at the nexus of science and international affairs</p> </p> </header> <div class="tags"> <div class="tags-inner"> <a href="/topics/international-security-defense/war-ukraine" class="btn -tag -black">War in Ukraine</a> <a href="/topics/economics-global-affairs/chinas-economy" class="btn -tag -black">China's Economy</a> <a href="/topics/environment-climate-change" class="btn -tag -black">Environment & Climate Change</a> <a href="/topics/energy" class="btn -tag -black">Energy</a> <a href="/regions/middle-east-north-africa" class="btn -tag -black">Middle East & North Africa</a> <a href="/topics/international-security-defense" class="btn -tag -black">International Security & Defense</a> <a href="/regions/europe" class="btn -tag -black">Europe</a> </div> </div> </div> </article> <article class="full-width-callout js-link-event"> <div class="bg-image"> <picture loading="lazy"> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/440x292/public/2024-07/IS%20300dpi.webp?h=df51affa&itok=4dHAG4VJ 1x" media="(max-width: 439px)" type="image/webp" width="440" height="292"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/704x558/public/2024-07/IS%20300dpi.webp?h=df51affa&itok=A8dn3NXG 1x" media="(min-width: 440px) and (max-width: 1199px)" type="image/webp" width="704" height="558"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/1088x722/public/2024-07/IS%20300dpi.webp?h=df51affa&itok=BdLxAUef 1x" media="(min-width: 1200px)" type="image/webp" width="1088" height="722"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/440x292/public/2024-07/IS%20300dpi.jpg?h=df51affa&itok=4dHAG4VJ 1x" media="(max-width: 439px)" type="image/jpeg" width="440" height="292"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/704x558/public/2024-07/IS%20300dpi.jpg?h=df51affa&itok=A8dn3NXG 1x" media="(min-width: 440px) and (max-width: 1199px)" type="image/jpeg" width="704" height="558"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/1088x722/public/2024-07/IS%20300dpi.jpg?h=df51affa&itok=BdLxAUef 1x" media="(min-width: 1200px)" type="image/jpeg" width="1088" height="722"/> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/440x292/public/2024-07/IS%20300dpi.jpg?h=df51affa&itok=4dHAG4VJ" width="440" height="292" alt="International Security journals laid out in a fan"> </picture> <div class="photo-credit" data-theme="light"> <button type="button" aria-expanded="false" class="photo-credit-btn js-photo-credit-toggle"><span class="sr-text">Photo Credit Toggle</span></button> <div class="photo-credit-content js-photo-credit-content" aria-hidden="true" title="Belfer Center"><span class="photo-credit-attribution">Belfer Center</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="content-inner"> <div class="eyebrow -line">International Security is America's leading peer-reviewed journal of security affairs</div> <h2 class="h5 -white"> <a href="/research-analysis/back-bipolarity-how-chinas-rise-transformed-balance-power" class="js-link-event-link">A Bipolar System? How China’s Rise Transformed the Balance of Power</a> </h2> <p>China’s rise, Russia’s military resurgence, and India’s economic growth have prompted debates about the end of unipolarity and the future balance of power. </p> <p>In the latest issue of International Security, Jennifer Lind explores the extent to which the system is bipolar, arguing great powers don’t need to achieve parity with the leading state to engage in a dangerous security competition; China is not only a great power but a superpower; and neither Russia nor India are great powers.</p> <button type="button" class="btn -go -hollow"><span class="sr-text">View More</span></button> </div> </div> </article> <article class="topic-columns"> <div class="inner"> <section class="topic-columns-section"> <div class="topic-section-header"> <h2 class="h10">Middle East & North Africa</h2> </div> <ul class="topic-column"> <li class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/600x340/public/2024-11/010532_1375062.jpg.1500x1000_q95_crop-smart_upscale.webp?h=06ac0d8c&itok=0bviv3QY" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/600x340/public/2024-11/010532_1375062.jpg.1500x1000_q95_crop-smart_upscale.jpg?h=06ac0d8c&itok=0bviv3QY" width="600" height="340" alt="Masoud Sitting"> </picture> <div class="photo-credit" data-theme="dark"> <button type="button" aria-expanded="false" class="photo-credit-btn js-photo-credit-toggle"><span class="sr-text">Photo Credit Toggle</span></button> <div class="photo-credit-content js-photo-credit-content" aria-hidden="true" title="Cam E. Kettles via Harvard Crimson"><span class="photo-credit-attribution">Cam E. Kettles via Harvard Crimson</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">Article</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="/research-analysis/harvard-wants-talk-about-israel-palestine-can-it-succeed" class="card-link js-link-event-link">Harvard Wants To Talk About Israel-Palestine. Can It Succeed?</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-11-22T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Nov. 22, 2024</time> </div> </div> </li> <li class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">Reports & Papers</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="/research-analysis/healthcare-bridge-over-troubled-conflicts-new-model-building-trust-through-joint" class="card-link js-link-event-link">A Healthcare Bridge over Troubled Conflicts: A New Model for Building Trust through Joint Healthcare Programs</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <span class="publication-display-date">November 2024</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">Event Summary</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="/research-analysis/security-not-precondition-outcome-palestinian-diplomat-argues" class="card-link js-link-event-link">Security is not a precondition but an outcome, Palestinian diplomat argues</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-11-20T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Nov. 20, 2024</time> </div> </div> </li> <li class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">Article</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="/research-analysis/why-cop-29-proved-nuclear-energy-essential-green-future" class="card-link js-link-event-link">Why COP-29 Proved Nuclear Energy is Essential for a Green Future</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-11-19T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Nov. 19, 2024</time> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </section> <section class="topic-columns-section"> <div class="topic-section-header"> <h2 class="h10">Artificial Intelligence</h2> </div> <ul class="topic-column"> <li class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/600x340/public/2024-11/angra-nuclear-power-plant-brazil-2019.webp?h=ac778ff2&itok=ofIR38Zq" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/600x340/public/2024-11/angra-nuclear-power-plant-brazil-2019.jpg?h=ac778ff2&itok=ofIR38Zq" width="600" height="340" alt="Angra Nuclear Power Plant complex"> </picture> <div class="photo-credit" data-theme="dark"> <button type="button" aria-expanded="false" class="photo-credit-btn js-photo-credit-toggle"><span class="sr-text">Photo Credit Toggle</span></button> <div class="photo-credit-content js-photo-credit-content" aria-hidden="true" title="AP/Leo Correa"><span class="photo-credit-attribution">AP/Leo Correa</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">Article</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="/research-analysis/why-cop-29-proved-nuclear-energy-essential-green-future" class="card-link js-link-event-link">Why COP-29 Proved Nuclear Energy is Essential for a Green Future</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-11-19T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Nov. 19, 2024</time> </div> </div> </li> <li class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">Reports & Papers</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="/research-analysis/increasing-american-diplomatic-power" class="card-link js-link-event-link">Increasing American Diplomatic Power</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-10-31T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Oct. 31, 2024</time> </div> </div> </li> <li class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">Article</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="/research-analysis/israeli-military-and-tech-industry-collaborate-user-friendly-software-tools" class="card-link js-link-event-link">The Israeli military and tech industry collaborate on user-friendly software tools that automate war and occupation</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-10-30T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Oct. 30, 2024</time> </div> </div> </li> <li class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">Article</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="/research-analysis/nato-and-emerging-technologies-alliances-shifting-approach-military-innovation" class="card-link js-link-event-link">NATO and Emerging Technologies—The Alliance’s Shifting Approach to Military Innovation</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-10-21T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Oct. 21, 2024</time> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </section> <section class="topic-columns-section"> <div class="topic-section-header"> <h2 class="h10">Energy</h2> </div> <ul class="topic-column"> <li class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/600x340/public/2024-11/angra-nuclear-power-plant-brazil-2019.webp?h=ac778ff2&itok=ofIR38Zq" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/600x340/public/2024-11/angra-nuclear-power-plant-brazil-2019.jpg?h=ac778ff2&itok=ofIR38Zq" width="600" height="340" alt="Angra Nuclear Power Plant complex"> </picture> <div class="photo-credit" data-theme="dark"> <button type="button" aria-expanded="false" class="photo-credit-btn js-photo-credit-toggle"><span class="sr-text">Photo Credit Toggle</span></button> <div class="photo-credit-content js-photo-credit-content" aria-hidden="true" title="AP/Leo Correa"><span class="photo-credit-attribution">AP/Leo Correa</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">Article</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="/research-analysis/why-cop-29-proved-nuclear-energy-essential-green-future" class="card-link js-link-event-link">Why COP-29 Proved Nuclear Energy is Essential for a Green Future</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-11-19T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Nov. 19, 2024</time> </div> </div> </li> <li class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">Article</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="/research-analysis/cop-29-and-azerbaijan" class="card-link js-link-event-link">COP-29 and Azerbaijan</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-11-04T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Nov. 4, 2024</time> </div> </div> </li> <li class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">Article</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="/research-analysis/decarbonizing-industrial-hubs-and-clusters-towards-integrated-framework-green" class="card-link js-link-event-link">Decarbonizing Industrial Hubs and Clusters: Towards an Integrated Framework of Green Industrial Policies</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-10-10T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Oct. 10, 2024</time> </div> </div> </li> <li class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">Article</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="/research-analysis/carbon-abatement-costs-green-hydrogen-across-end-use-sectors" class="card-link js-link-event-link">Carbon Abatement Costs of Green Hydrogen Across End-Use Sectors</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-10-08T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Oct. 8, 2024</time> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </section> <section class="topic-columns-section"> <div class="topic-section-header"> <h2 class="h10">Science & Technology</h2> </div> <ul class="topic-column"> <li class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/600x340/public/2024-11/AP24317006403607.webp?h=55d444b8&itok=v3EeTRdN" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/600x340/public/2024-11/AP24317006403607.jpg?h=55d444b8&itok=v3EeTRdN" width="600" height="340" alt="Nikki Fuller, 56, sets up flags on her truck near the Mar-a-Lago estate of President-elect Donald Trump, Monday, Nov. 11, 2024, in Palm Beach, Fla. (AP Photo/Julia Demaree Nikhinson)"> </picture> <div class="photo-credit" data-theme="dark"> <button type="button" aria-expanded="false" class="photo-credit-btn js-photo-credit-toggle"><span class="sr-text">Photo Credit Toggle</span></button> <div class="photo-credit-content js-photo-credit-content" aria-hidden="true" title="ASSOCIATED PRESS - Julia Demaree Nikhinson"><span class="photo-credit-attribution">ASSOCIATED PRESS - Julia Demaree Nikhinson</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">Article</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="/research-analysis/trump-administrations-chance-lead-pandemic-preparedness" class="card-link js-link-event-link">Trump Administration’s Chance to Lead on Pandemic Preparedness</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-11-08T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Nov. 8, 2024</time> </div> </div> </li> <li class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">Article</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="/research-analysis/nato-and-emerging-technologies-alliances-shifting-approach-military-innovation" class="card-link js-link-event-link">NATO and Emerging Technologies—The Alliance’s Shifting Approach to Military Innovation</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-10-21T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Oct. 21, 2024</time> </div> </div> </li> <li class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">Article</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="/research-analysis/ais-new-frontier-war-planning-how-ai-agents-can-revolutionize-military-decision" class="card-link js-link-event-link">AI’s New Frontier in War Planning: How AI Agents Can Revolutionize Military Decision-Making</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-10-11T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Oct. 11, 2024</time> </div> </div> </li> <li class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">Article</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="/research-analysis/kill-lists" class="card-link js-link-event-link">Kill Lists</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-10-10T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Oct. 10, 2024</time> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </section> </div> </article> <article class="collection-items -is-full-bleed"> <div class="background"> <picture loading="lazy" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/440x250/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/U.S.%20Flags.jpg?h=a10befcf&itok=X5F63S2o 440w, /sites/default/files/styles/800x454/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/U.S.%20Flags.jpg?h=a10befcf&itok=pTFFBx-_ 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1024x768/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/U.S.%20Flags.jpg?h=a10befcf&itok=uC4WA_3B 1024w, /sites/default/files/styles/1440x810/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/U.S.%20Flags.jpg?h=a10befcf&itok=T9nbdefc 1440w, /sites/default/files/styles/1920x1080/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/U.S.%20Flags.jpg?h=a10befcf&itok=_vcCYx91 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 439px) 440px, (min-width: 440px) and (max-width: 799px) 800px, (min-width: 800px) and (max-width: 1023px) 1024px, (min-width: 1024px) and (max-width: 1439px) 1440px, (min-width: 1440px) 1920px" width="800" height="454"> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/440x250/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/U.S.%20Flags.webp?h=a10befcf&itok=X5F63S2o 440w, /sites/default/files/styles/800x454/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/U.S.%20Flags.webp?h=a10befcf&itok=pTFFBx-_ 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1024x768/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/U.S.%20Flags.webp?h=a10befcf&itok=uC4WA_3B 1024w, /sites/default/files/styles/1440x810/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/U.S.%20Flags.webp?h=a10befcf&itok=T9nbdefc 1440w, /sites/default/files/styles/1920x1080/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/U.S.%20Flags.webp?h=a10befcf&itok=_vcCYx91 1920w" type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 439px) 440px, (min-width: 440px) and (max-width: 799px) 800px, (min-width: 800px) and (max-width: 1023px) 1024px, (min-width: 1024px) and (max-width: 1439px) 1440px, (min-width: 1440px) 1920px" width="800" height="454"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/440x250/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/U.S.%20Flags.jpg?h=a10befcf&itok=X5F63S2o 440w, /sites/default/files/styles/800x454/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/U.S.%20Flags.jpg?h=a10befcf&itok=pTFFBx-_ 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1024x768/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/U.S.%20Flags.jpg?h=a10befcf&itok=uC4WA_3B 1024w, /sites/default/files/styles/1440x810/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/U.S.%20Flags.jpg?h=a10befcf&itok=T9nbdefc 1440w, /sites/default/files/styles/1920x1080/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/U.S.%20Flags.jpg?h=a10befcf&itok=_vcCYx91 1920w" type="image/jpeg" sizes="(max-width: 439px) 440px, (min-width: 440px) and (max-width: 799px) 800px, (min-width: 800px) and (max-width: 1023px) 1024px, (min-width: 1024px) and (max-width: 1439px) 1440px, (min-width: 1440px) 1920px" width="800" height="454"/> <img loading="lazy" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/440x250/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/U.S.%20Flags.jpg?h=a10befcf&itok=X5F63S2o 440w, /sites/default/files/styles/800x454/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/U.S.%20Flags.jpg?h=a10befcf&itok=pTFFBx-_ 800w, /sites/default/files/styles/1024x768/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/U.S.%20Flags.jpg?h=a10befcf&itok=uC4WA_3B 1024w, /sites/default/files/styles/1440x810/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/U.S.%20Flags.jpg?h=a10befcf&itok=T9nbdefc 1440w, /sites/default/files/styles/1920x1080/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/U.S.%20Flags.jpg?h=a10befcf&itok=_vcCYx91 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 439px) 440px, (min-width: 440px) and (max-width: 799px) 800px, (min-width: 800px) and (max-width: 1023px) 1024px, (min-width: 1024px) and (max-width: 1439px) 1440px, (min-width: 1440px) 1920px" width="800" height="454" src="/sites/default/files/styles/440x250/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/U.S.%20Flags.jpg?h=a10befcf&itok=X5F63S2o" alt="U.S. Flags at the Washington Monument (DC) May 2015"> </picture> <div class="photo-credit" data-theme="dark"> <button type="button" aria-expanded="false" class="photo-credit-btn js-photo-credit-toggle"><span class="sr-text">Photo Credit Toggle</span></button> <div class="photo-credit-content js-photo-credit-content" aria-hidden="true" title="Ron Cogswell "><span class="photo-credit-attribution">Ron Cogswell </span></div> </div> </div> <div class="inner"> <header class="intro"> <div class="eyebrow -line">Where will U.S. policy go next? </div> <div class="intro-text"> <h2 class="h2 -white">Election 2024</h2> <p>Explore critical insights and expert analysis on the 2024 Election – informing the essential conversations shaping future policy and international affairs.</p> <a href="/collection/election-2024" class="-cta-link -white" hreflang="en">Read more</a> </div> </header> <div class="collection-items-main"> <div class="collection-items-feature"> <article class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-image"> <picture loading="lazy" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/440x250/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/Vladimir_Putin_and_Donald_Trump_at_the_2017_G-20_Hamburg_Summit_%281%29.jpg?h=541b9819&itok=m-TFRUwD 440w, /sites/default/files/styles/580x328/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/Vladimir_Putin_and_Donald_Trump_at_the_2017_G-20_Hamburg_Summit_%281%29.jpg?h=541b9819&itok=fXdVBCu1 580w, /sites/default/files/styles/900x510/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/Vladimir_Putin_and_Donald_Trump_at_the_2017_G-20_Hamburg_Summit_%281%29.jpg?h=541b9819&itok=lGOvtrsB 900w" sizes="(max-width: 439px) 440px, (min-width: 440px) and (max-width: 639px) 580px, (min-width: 640px) and (max-width: 799px) 900px" width="900" height="510"> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/440x250/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/Vladimir_Putin_and_Donald_Trump_at_the_2017_G-20_Hamburg_Summit_%281%29.webp?h=541b9819&itok=m-TFRUwD 440w, /sites/default/files/styles/580x328/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/Vladimir_Putin_and_Donald_Trump_at_the_2017_G-20_Hamburg_Summit_%281%29.webp?h=541b9819&itok=fXdVBCu1 580w, /sites/default/files/styles/900x510/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/Vladimir_Putin_and_Donald_Trump_at_the_2017_G-20_Hamburg_Summit_%281%29.webp?h=541b9819&itok=lGOvtrsB 900w" type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 439px) 440px, (min-width: 440px) and (max-width: 639px) 580px, (min-width: 640px) and (max-width: 799px) 900px" width="900" height="510"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/440x250/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/Vladimir_Putin_and_Donald_Trump_at_the_2017_G-20_Hamburg_Summit_%281%29.jpg?h=541b9819&itok=m-TFRUwD 440w, /sites/default/files/styles/580x328/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/Vladimir_Putin_and_Donald_Trump_at_the_2017_G-20_Hamburg_Summit_%281%29.jpg?h=541b9819&itok=fXdVBCu1 580w, /sites/default/files/styles/900x510/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/Vladimir_Putin_and_Donald_Trump_at_the_2017_G-20_Hamburg_Summit_%281%29.jpg?h=541b9819&itok=lGOvtrsB 900w" type="image/jpeg" sizes="(max-width: 439px) 440px, (min-width: 440px) and (max-width: 639px) 580px, (min-width: 640px) and (max-width: 799px) 900px" width="900" height="510"/> <img loading="lazy" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/440x250/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/Vladimir_Putin_and_Donald_Trump_at_the_2017_G-20_Hamburg_Summit_%281%29.jpg?h=541b9819&itok=m-TFRUwD 440w, /sites/default/files/styles/580x328/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/Vladimir_Putin_and_Donald_Trump_at_the_2017_G-20_Hamburg_Summit_%281%29.jpg?h=541b9819&itok=fXdVBCu1 580w, /sites/default/files/styles/900x510/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/Vladimir_Putin_and_Donald_Trump_at_the_2017_G-20_Hamburg_Summit_%281%29.jpg?h=541b9819&itok=lGOvtrsB 900w" sizes="(max-width: 439px) 440px, (min-width: 440px) and (max-width: 639px) 580px, (min-width: 640px) and (max-width: 799px) 900px" width="900" height="510" src="/sites/default/files/styles/440x250/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/Vladimir_Putin_and_Donald_Trump_at_the_2017_G-20_Hamburg_Summit_%281%29.jpg?h=541b9819&itok=m-TFRUwD" alt="Vladimir Putin meets with U.S. President Donald Trump at the G20 summit in Hamburg, Germany, July 2017"> </picture> <div class="photo-credit" data-theme="dark"> <button type="button" aria-expanded="false" class="photo-credit-btn js-photo-credit-toggle"><span class="sr-text">Photo Credit Toggle</span></button> <div class="photo-credit-content js-photo-credit-content" aria-hidden="true" title="Kremlin.ru"><span class="photo-credit-attribution">Kremlin.ru</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">In The News</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="/belfer-news/post-soviet-reaction-trumps-win" class="card-link js-link-event-link">Post-Soviet Reaction to Trump’s Win</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-11-07T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Nov. 7, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="collection-items-list"> <ul class="collection-items-cards"> <li class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">In The News</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2024/11/08/10-foreign-policy-implications-2024-election/" class="card-link js-link-event-link">The 10 Foreign-Policy Implications of the 2024 U.S. Election</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-11-08T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Nov. 8, 2024</time> <span>by Stephen Walt</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">Article</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="/research-analysis/trump-administrations-chance-lead-pandemic-preparedness" class="card-link js-link-event-link">Trump Administration’s Chance to Lead on Pandemic Preparedness</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-11-08T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Nov. 8, 2024</time> <span>by Syra Madad</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="card js-link-event"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="type -small">In The News</div> <h3 class="card-title"> <a href="https://thehill.com/opinion/4966121-silicon-valley-politics-tech-gurus/" class="card-link js-link-event-link">Silicon Valley’s Political Involvement Began Long Before Musk and Bezos</a> </h3> <div class="card-meta"> <time datetime="2024-11-03T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">Nov. 3, 2024</time> <span>by Nur Laiq</span> </div> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="collection-items-link"> <a href="/quick-take/election-2024-what-happens-next" class="btn -full -hollow" hreflang="en">Election 2024: What Happens Next? </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </article> </main> <footer class="site-footer"> <div class="site-footer-inner"> <div class="site-footer-top"> <div class="site-footer-left"> <div class="site-footer-main"> <div class="site-footer-logo-contact"> <a class="logo" href="/" aria-label="HARVARD Kennedy School - Belfer Center"> <img src="/themes/custom/belfer/assets/images/belfer-center-logo-white-footer.svg" width="275" height="59" alt="HARVARD Kennedy School - Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs"> </a> <div class="site-footer-contact"> <p>79 John F. Kennedy Street, <br>Cambridge, MA 02138</p> </div> </div> <nav class="site-footer-social" aria-label="Social Media Links" > <ul> <li> <a class="icon-linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/belfercenter/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" > <span class="sr-text">linkedin</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="icon-instagram" href="https://www.instagram.com/belfercenter/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" > <span class="sr-text">instagram</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="icon-youtube" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/BelferCenter" target="_blank" rel="noopener" > <span class="sr-text">youtube</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="icon-facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/belfercenter/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" > <span class="sr-text">facebook</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="icon-soundcloud" href="https://soundcloud.com/belfercenter" target="_blank" rel="noopener" > <span class="sr-text">soundcloud</span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="site-footer-right"> <nav class="site-footer-nav" aria-label="Footer Navigation"> <ul> <li> <a aria-current="false" href="/about-us" target="" >About</a> </li> <li> <a aria-current="false" href="/events" target="" >Events</a> </li> <li> <a aria-current="false" href="/press" target="" >For Press</a> </li> <li> <a aria-current="false" href="https://www.belfercenter.org/fellowships" target="_blank" >Fellowships</a> </li> <li> <a aria-current="false" href="/students" target="" >Students</a> </li> <li> <a aria-current="false" href="/subscribe" target="" >Subscribe</a> </li> <li> <a aria-current="false" href="/careers" target="" >Careers</a> </li> <li> <a aria-current="false" href="/about-contact-us" target="" >Contact Us</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <div class="site-footer-subscribe-form"> <div class="site-footer-subscribe-form-inner"> <div class="eyebrow">Stay Informed</div> <p>Bringing scholarship and insight to the world’s top issues.</p> <form method="GET" action="/subscribe"> <input type="email" name="email" class="site-footer-email-subscribe-input" placeholder="Your email address..." aria-label="Email address" required> <input type="submit" class="btn -red -full site-footer-email-subscribe-submit" value="Subscribe Now"> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site-footer-bottom"> <div class="site-footer-copyright"> <p>Copyright © 2024 The President and Fellows of Harvard College</p> </div> <nav class="site-footer-legal-nav" aria-label="Policy Navigation"> <ul> <li> <a aria-current="false" href="/privacy-policy" target="" >Privacy Policy</a> </li> <li> <a aria-current="false" href="https://accessibility.harvard.edu/" target="_blank" >Harvard Accessibility Policy</a> </li> <li> <a aria-current="false" href="https://accessibility.huit.harvard.edu/digital-accessibility-policy" target="_blank" >Harvard Digital Accessibility Policy</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </footer> </div> </div> <script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/35695","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":true,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"1351b72ad79974e9e55908571fab9440d6e096c0f859b885d2d1dc81511991fd"}}</script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_QFTA6T36lEu94OZKeG9WwOuRnQnm75W4liRRTNyB-Mg.js?scope=footer&delta=0&language=en&theme=belfer&include=eJxLSs1JSy3ST0osTgUAGX8EOw"></script> <div class="js-blocker"></div> </body> </html>